Journal articles: 'TiO2–CdS'

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Du, Yi-en, Xianjun Niu, Xinru He, Kai Hou, Huiling Liu, and Caifeng Zhang. "Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/CdS Nanocomposites with Co-Exposed Anatase Highly Reactive Facets." Molecules 26, no. 19 (October 4, 2021): 6031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26196031.

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In this work, TiO2/CdS nanocomposites with co-exposed {101}/[111]-facets (NH4F-TiO2/CdS), {101}/{010} facets (FMA-TiO2/CdS), and {101}/{010}/[111]-facets (HF-TiO2/CdS and Urea-TiO2/CdS) were successfully synthesized through a one-pot solvothermal method by using [Ti4O9]2− colloidal solution containing CdS crystals as the precursor. The crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area, pore size distribution, separation, and recombination of photogenerated electrons/holes of the TiO2/CdS nanocomposites were characterized. The photocatalytic activity and cycling performance of the TiO2/CdS nanocomposites were also investigated. The results showed that as-prepared FMA-TiO2/CdS with co-exposed {101}/{010} facets exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the process of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO), and its degradation efficiency was 88.4%. The rate constants of FMA-TiO2/CdS was 0.0167 min−1, which was 55.7, 4.0, 3.7, 3.5, 3.3, and 1.9 times of No catalyst, CdS, HF-TiO2/CdS, NH4F-TiO2/CdS, CM-TiO2, Urea-TiO2/CdS, respectively. The highest photocatalytic activity of FMA-TiO2/CdS could be attributed to the synergistic effects of the largest surface energy, co-exposed {101}/{010} facets, the lowest photoluminescence intensity, lower charge-transfer resistance, and a higher charge-transfer efficiency.

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Lavand, Atul B., Yuvraj S. Malghe, and Suraj H. Singh. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Investigation of Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of C Doped TiO2/CdS Core-Shell Nanocomposite." Indian Journal of Materials Science 2015 (October 5, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/690568.

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Carbon (C) doped TiO2/CdS core-shell nanocomposite (C/TiO2/CdS) was synthesized using microemulsion method. Synthesized powder was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-visible spectrophotometery. TEM images reveal that C/TiO2/CdS core-shell heterostructure is successfully prepared with CdS as a core and C doped TiO2 as a shell. UV-visible absorption spectra show that CdS nanoparticles act as a sensitizer and effectively enhance the photoabsorption capacity of C/TiO2/CdS nanocomposite in visible region. Visible light photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanocomposite was evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue. C/TiO2/CdS core-shell nanocomposite exhibits better photocatalytic activity as compared to bare TiO2, CdS, CdS/TiO2, and C doped TiO2.

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Zou, Zhijun, Zhongli Qu, Longtao Tang, Yang Qiu, Gaohua Liao, Chang Li, Fen Li, and Jiayou Tao. "UV Light Activated Multi-Cycle Photoelectric Properties of TiO2 and CdS/TiO 2 Films in Formaldehyde." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 5642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19465.

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In this work, UV light activated multi-cycle photoelectric properties of TiO2 and CdS/TiO2 films in formaldehyde were researched. TiO2 film was prepared by screen printing, CdS/TiO2 compounded film was synthesized by SILAR method. XRD and FE-SEM was used to characterize the TiO2 and CdS/TiO2 samples. Multi-cycle photoelectric properties of TiO2 and CdS/TiO2 with uv light on and off were evaluated by testing the photocurrent. On one hand, under the same bias voltage, CdS/TiO 2showed a higher photocurrent than that by TiO2. The reason for this result should be ascribed to the compounded structure in CdS/TiO2, with which the separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs could be improved. On the other hand, with the testing cycle number increased, the photocurrent amplitudes of TiO2 and CdS/TiO2 increased. These results suggested that the time to reach a stable photocurrent value for TiO2 and CdS/TiO2 is much longer than one cycle time (300 S). To illustrate the increased photocurrent amplitude value cycle by cycle, the photocurrent of CdS/TiO2 to a much longer time (more than 4000 seconds) was also tested. To explain these results, corresponding possible illustrations were presented.

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Song, Fengyan, Hao Sun, Hailong Ma, and Hui Gao. "Porous TiO2/Carbon Dot Nanoflowers with Enhanced Surface Areas for Improving Photocatalytic Activity." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 23, 2022): 2536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152536.

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Electron–hole recombination and the narrow-range utilization of sunlight limit the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium oxide (TiO2). We synthesized carbon dots (CDs) and modified TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with a flower-like mesoporous structure, i.e., porous TiO2/CDs nanoflowers. Among such hybrid particles, the CDs worked as photosensitizers for the mesoporous TiO2 and enabled the resultant TiO2/CDs nanoflowers with a wide-range light absorption. Rhodamine B (Rh-B) was employed as a model organic pollutant to investigate the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2/CDs nanoflowers. The results demonstrated that the decoration of the CDs on both the TiO2 nanoflowers and the (commercially available AEROXIDE TiO2) P25 NPs enabled a significant improvement in the photocatalytic degradation efficiency compared with the pristine TiO2. The TiO2/CDs nanoflowers, with their porous structure and larger surface areas compared to P25, showed a higher efficiency to prevent local aggregation of carbon materials. All of the results revealed that the introduced CDs, with the unique mesoporous structure, large surface areas and loads of pore channels of the prepared TiO2 NPs, played important roles in the enhancement of the photocatalytic efficiency of the TiO2/CDs hybrid nanoflowers.

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Fangyan Chen, Fangyan Chen, Yiming Liu Yiming Liu, Xi Zhang Xi Zhang, and Lina He and Yubin Tang Lina He and Yubin Tang. "Inorganic-Framework Molecularly Imprinted CdS/TiO2 for Selectively Photocatalytic Degradation of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 2 (2019): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000737/jcsp/41.02.2019.

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In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) under solar-driven, the inorganic-framework molecularly imprinted CdS/TiO2, named as MIP-CdS/TiO2, was prepared by using DEHP as template molecule and tetrabutyl titanate as titanium source and functional monomer. The as-prepared MIP-CdS/TiO2 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy spectrum (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence spectrum (PL). And the specific recognition and photocatalytic selectivity of MIP-CdS/TiO2 to DEHP were investigated. The results show that inorganic-framework molecular imprinting on the surface of CdS/TiO2 can result in existence of specific recognition sites of DEHP, extend and intensify the absorption visible light of CdS/TiO2, inhibit the recombination of the photo-induced electron-holes pairs. MIP-CdS/TiO2 has a specific recognition to DEHP. The binding selectivity coefficients of DEHP relative to its analogues DBP and DMP are 2.78 and 2.60, respectively. Compared with CdS/TiO2, MIP-CdS/TiO2 exhibits higher photocatalytic activity and selectivity for DEHP. Under simulated solar light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of DEHP photocatalyzed by MIP-CdS/TiO2 is 75.5%, which is 1.63 times as high as that of DEHP photocatalyzed by CdS/TiO2.

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Li, Dongping, Zeheng Chen, Xin Wang, Zhenhong Zhong, Chunjun Chen, and Mengling Wu. "Synthesis of Durian-like TiO2@CdS Core-Shell Structure and Study on H2 Generation Properties." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101211.

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Novel durian-like TiO2@CdS core-shell particles were synthesized through a solvothermal method in ethylenediamine solution and the obtained nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) techniques. It can be seen from the characterization that the synthesized core-shell structured particles show uniform size. The possible formation mechanism of TiO2@CdS core-shell particles is also presented schematically. CdS grows on the TiO2 surface in the form of nanorods, turning the TiO2@CdS composite particles into durian-like structures. The durian-like TiO2@CdS core-shell particles prepared in the experiment can overcome the disadvantages of TiO2 and CdS, respectively. They not only produce a higher yield of H2 than pure TiO2; the durian-like TiO2@CdS nanostructures formed at 180 °C for 16 h produced 2.5 times as much H2 as did TiO2, also showing enhanced stability as compared with pure CdS.

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Ke, Ou Yang, Xie Shan, and Xiao Ou Ma. "Preparation and Characterization of Photocatalytic TiO₂/CdS Nanocomposite Loaded on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotues (MWCNTs)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1114.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotues (MWCNTs)/TiO2/CdS composite photocatalysts were prepared by sol–gel method in order to investigate its photocatalytic activity under simulated solar irradiation. MWCNTs/TiO2/CdS composite photocatalysts were characterized by the methods of SEM, XRD, TG and UV–vis. The results showed that MWCNTs/TiO2/CdS composites were mainly composed of anatase-TiO2 and little CdS cubic phases. the composite can cause an pronounced red shift of UV–vis spectra compared with pure TiO2. The degradation of MO by MWCNTs/TiO2/CdS composite photocatalysts under simulated solar light irradiation was studied. The results showd that the presence of MWCNTs and CdS can enhance the photoefficiency of TiO2.

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Chen, Yue, Ping Li, and Shuwang Duo. "In-situ Preparation of CdS/TiO₂ Heterojunction Based on MOFs-Derived TiO₂ with Improved Photocatalytic Performance." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2168, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2168/1/012017.

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Abstract Aiming at improving the photocatalytic properties of TiO2, CdS/TiO2 binary heterojunctions with different molar ratios of CdS (0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%) were prepared by facile fabrication of CdS on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived TiO2. The composition and morphology of the as-synthesized specimens were well confirmed via XRD and SEM. The photocatalytic experiments showed that the photodegradation efficiency of binary heteroconjunctions for RhB aqueous solution was higher than that of bare CdS and TiO2 under visible light irradiation. Among of all the binary heterojunctions, the CdS/TiO2-0.5:1 possessed the optimal photocatalytic property (91.4%) within 70 min, which was almost 90 and 2 times as high as these of pristine TiO2 and CdS, separately. Therefore, the rational design and construction of CdS/TiO2 heterojunction could be adopted as a potential method to improve the visible-light photodegradation efficiency of TiO2.

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Rani C., Usha, Pragathiswaran C., Balakrishnan D., Selvarani K., and Smitha C. "TiO2@ZnO–CdS Nanocomposites for Sensing and Cytotoxicity Applications." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 08, Special Issue (2022): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2022.v08i0s.001.

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In this study the sol-gel method was used to create a composite of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2- NPs) @ ZnO nanoparticles (TiO2 @ ZnO). Using a hydrothermal process, the TiO2@ZnO nanocomposite (NC) was changed via wreathing cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) (TiO2@ZnO–CdS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) were employed to investigate the TiO2@ZnO–CdS NC. The CdS NPs are uniformly distributed over the TiO2@ZnO NC. According to FESEM analysis. TiO2@ZnO–CdS NC is used to detect imidazole at low concentrations and assess cytotoxicity. The TiO2@ZnO–CdS NC has been found to have the best electrochemical sensing activity and considerable cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells.

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AL-Jawad, Selma M. H., Natheer Jamal Imran, and Mohammad R. Mohammad. "Effect of electrolyte solution and deposition methods on TiO2/CdS core–shell nanotube arrays for photoelectrocatalytic application." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 92, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 20102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2020200127.

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In this work, TiO2 nanostructure thin films were deposited by using anodization technique, while CdS thin films were deposited on TiO2 films by two methods chemical bath deposition (CBD) and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). The structure of TiO2/CdS films were investigated and analyzed by XRD, SEM, and AFM, but the optical properties were investigated by UV–visible spectroscopy, PL spectroscopy, and spectral response. XRD analysis of all deposited films has confirmed the formation of two phases one is tetragonal phase (anatase, and rutile) for TiO2, and second hexagonal phase which belong to CdS layer. SEM images of TiO2 nanotubes arrays (NTAs)/CdS showed the TiO2 NTs walls become decorated with aggregates of fine CdS nanoparticles that partly penetrate into the TiO2 NTAs pores. AFM measurements displayed increase in the surface roughness compared with TiO2 films. PL measurement results of TiO2/CdS core–shell show two peaks, one is located at UV-region pointed to energy band gap for TiO2 nano films, and second one is located at visible region pointing to recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs within CdS layers. Spectral response measurements showed photocurrent peaks for all TiO2/CdS films deposited with different electrolyte solution have red-shift to visible region. When illuminated with a UV–Vis light source, the TiO2/CdS core–shell films displayed high response. A higher response to UV–Vis light was attained with the use of TiO2 NTAs/CdS films prepared by anodization /CBD. This approach offers a technique for fabricating photoelectrodes.

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Liu, Fu Sheng, Sheng Wang, Lian Lian Liu, and Huan Du. "Preparation and Photocatalysis Property of P-N Coupled Photocatalyst CoO/CdS/TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1677.

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In this paper, p-n coupled photocatalyst CoO/CdS/TiO2 was prepared by method of impregnation. The structure and optical properties of CdS/TiO2 and CoO/CdS/TiO2 were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and UV–vis DRS. The photocatalytic activities of the photocatalysts were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, and the effect of photocorrosion of CdS in CoO/CdS/TiO2 was investigated by analyzing the cadmium concentration in the supernate collected after photocatalytic reactions. The results showed that p-n coupled photocatalyst CoO/CdS/TiO2 not only showed higher efficiency in degradation of methyl orange than CdS/TiO2, but also exhibited resistance against cadmium leakage under light irradiation. The mechanism of the photocorrosion-delaying by p–n junction was also discussed.

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Hamdi, A., D. P. Ferreira, A. M. Ferraria, D. S. Conceição, L. F. Vieira Ferreira, A. P. Carapeto, S. Boufi, S. Bouattour, and A. M. Botelho do Rego. "TiO2-CdS Nanocomposites: Effect of CdS Oxidation on the Photocatalytic Activity." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6581691.

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Nanocomposites TiO2-CdS with different relative contents of CdS (molar ratios Cd/Ti = 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5) were studied. The structural, photophysical, and chemical properties were investigated using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, GSDR, and LIL. XRD and Raman results confirmed the presence of TiO2 and CdS with intensities dependent on the ratio Cd/Ti. The presence of CdSO4 was detected by XPS at the surface of all TiO2-CdS composites. The relative amount of sulphate was dependent on the CdS loading. Luminescence time-resolved spectra clearly proved the existence of an excitation transfer process from CdS to TiO2 through the luminescence emission from TiO2 after excitation of CdS at λexc=410 nm, where no direct excitation of TiO2 occurs. Photodegradation of a series of aromatic carboxylic acids—benzoic, salicylic, 4-bromobenzoic, 3-phenylpropionic, and veratric acids—showed a great enhancement in the photocatalytic efficiency of the TiO2-CdS composites, which is due, mainly, to the effect of the charge carriers’ increased lifetime. In addition, it was shown that the oxidation of CdS to CdSO4 did not result in the deactivation of the photocatalytic properties and even contributed to enhance the degradation efficiency.

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Huang, Ming Xi, Jian Jun Xue, Li Xie, Shi Sheng Ling, Ning Zhou, Yan Hua Cai, and Jia Yan Qian. "Preparation and Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of CdS Particles Embedded in Highly Ordered TiO₂ Nanotube Arrays Electrode for HCB Degradation." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1894.

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Photoelectrocatalytic degradation performance of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was assessed with a newly designed continuous photocatalytic reactor. CdS/TiO2 NTs were successfully prepared by depositing CdS particles on the surface of TiO2 nanotube arrays.The morphology, phase structure and photoelectric properties of CdS/TiO2 NTs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photoelectrocatalytic activity of CdS/TiO2 NTs was evaluated in degradation of HCB in aqueous solution. The experimental results show that CdS/TiO2 NTs exhibited higher photoabsorption rate under visible light, bigger photocurrent (value) and improved photocatalytic activity than TiO2 NTs.

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Kudhier, Muhsin A., Roonak Abdul Salam A. ALKareem, and Raad S. Sabry. "Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-CdS composite nanofibers under sunlight irradiation**." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2021-0022.

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Abstract Pure TiO2 and TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers were synthesized through electrospinning technique. The effects of various levels of CdS loading in a TiO2 nanofibers composite were investigated. Pure TiO2 nanofibers were polycrystalline with an anatase phase, whereas anatase and wurtzite phases coexisted in the TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers, according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and UV-Visible spectroscopy, the impacts of composite CdS nanoparticles with TiO2 nanofibers were investigated. Pure TiO2 nanofibers have a smooth surface with several microns in length and 21–48 nm in diameter, but when CdS nanoparticles are added, the surface becomes granular. The energy band gap (Eg) evaluated from UV-Visible spectroscopy reduced from a value of 3.70 eV for pure TiO2 nanofibers to 1.70 eV for TiO2-1CdS nanofibers. Photocatalytic properties of pure TiO2 and TiO2-CdS composite nanofibers were calculated by a methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution degradation under sunlight irradiation. The results revealed that TiO2-0.5CdS nanofibers have efficient photocatalytic activity of up to 98 % after only 60 min.

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Zhao, Wen Xia, Bin Guo, and Ai Ling Ren. "Photodegradation of Gaseous Toluene by the CdS/TiO₂/ACFs Composites under Daylight Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 837–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.837.

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To improve the photocatalytic application performances of TiO2, in this work, firstly CdS modified Degussa P25 TiO2(CdS/TiO2) composites were prepared, then they were loaded on activated carbon fibers(ACFs) by dip-coating method. The composites were characterized by XRD, UV-vis, SEM, EDS and BET. Their photocatalytic activities under daylight were investigated by the degradation of gaseous toluene. The results showed that CdS/TiO2composites mainly composed of anatase TiO2and little CdS phases; CdS/TiO2absorption edge had a pronounced “red shift”, the corresponding absorption edge wavelength of CdS/TiO2composites were extended to 740 nm, respectively. From EDS spectrum, the main elements of CdS/TiO2/ACFs were Ti and O and a small quantities of S and Cd. CdS/TiO2loaded on ACFs was in the form of small clusters, but not very uniform; compared with original ACFs, the surface area and pore volume of CdS/TiO2/ACFs decreased slightly, while the average size remained unchanged. The photodegradation rate of toluene by CdS/TiO2/ACFs composites under daylight irradiation was markedly higher than that by TiO2/ACFs, the maximal increasing rate reached as high as 18%.

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Zubair, Muhammad, Ingeborg-Helene Svenum, Magnus Rønning, and Jia Yang. "Core-Shell Nanostructures of Graphene-Wrapped CdS Nanoparticles and TiO2 (CdS@G@TiO2): The Role of Graphene in Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Generation." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040358.

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Aiming to achieve enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability toward the generation of H2 from water, we have synthesized noble metal-free core-shell nanoparticles of graphene (G)-wrapped CdS and TiO2 (CdS@G@TiO2) by a facile hydrothermal method. The interlayer thickness of G between the CdS core and TiO2 shell is optimized by varying the amount of graphene quantum dots (GQD) during the synthesis procedure. The most optimized sample, i.e., CdS@50G@TiO2 generated 1510 µmole g−1 h−1 of H2 (apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) = 5.78%) from water under simulated solar light with air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) condition which is ~2.7 times and ~2.2 time superior to pure TiO2 and pure CdS respectively, along with a stable generation of H2 during 40 h of continuous operation. The increased photocatalytic activity and stability of the CdS@50G@TiO2 sample are attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption and efficient charge separation and transfer between the CdS and TiO2 due to incorporation of graphene between the CdS core and TiO2 shell, which was also confirmed by UV-vis, photoelectrochemical and valence band XPS measurements.

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Qu, Xiao Fei, Jing Jun Yuan, Xi Da Deng, Yu Chen Hou, Yu Fei Wang, and Hong Bing Song. "An Efficient Method to Form TiO₂/CdS Nanotube Arrays Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Templates." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.374.

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In this paper, a simple, efficient and environmental friendly method was proposed to fabricate TiO2/CdS nanotube arrays. The composite nanotubes with a core-shell coaxial structure were fabricated via a simple method of liquid deposition and double diffusion using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The photocatalytic properties of the nanotube arrays (TiO2, TiO2/CdS) were confirmed by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. Compared to bare TiO2 nanotube arrays, TiO2/CdS composite nanotube arrays showed improved photocatalytic performance: The degradation efficiency of TiO2/CdS and TiO2 nanotube arrays towards methyl orange was 65% and 39%, respectively.

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Chen, Wenqian, Shaomei Zhang, Ganyu Wang, Gang Huang, Zhichong Yu, Yirui Li, and Liang Tang. "Rationally Designed CdS-Based Ternary Heterojunctions: A Case of 1T-MoS2 in CdS/TiO2 Photocatalyst." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010038.

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As promising heterojunction photocatalysts, the binary CdS-based heterojunctions were investigated extensively. In most of the reported CdS-based heterojunctions, however, electrons come from the semiconductor with wide band gap (e.g., TiO2) would limit the visible-light absorption of CdS and hence lower the performance. In this work, we introduced 1T-MoS2 to form a novel ternary heterojunction, namely CdS/1T-MoS2/TiO2, in which 1T-MoS2 has more positive conduction band than CdS and TiO2. The hydrogen evolution rate of CdS/1T-MoS2/TiO2 reaches 3.15 mmol g−1 h−1, which is approximately 12 and 35 times higher than that of pure CdS and CdS/TiO2 binary heterojunction under the same conditions, respectively. This performance enhancement could be attributed to the presence of 1T-MoS2 and a plausible mechanism is proposed based on photoelectrochemical characterizations. Our results illustrate that the performance of CdS-based heterojunctions for solar hydrogen evolution can be greatly improved by appropriate materials selection.

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Gao, Dawei, Chunxia Wang, Yu Jian, Weiwei Li, and Pengyu Dong. "Fabrication, characterization and photocatalytic properties of CdS nanoparticles modified by N-doped TiO2 NTs." Materials Science-Poland 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2018-0053.

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AbstractHighly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTs) were prepared by anodic oxidizing method on a surface of Ti substrate. Fabrication of nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (N-TiO2 NTs) was carried out by immersion in ammonia solution. CdS nanoparticles loaded N-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (CdS/N-TiO2 NTs) were obtained by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The results indicate that the TiO2 nanotube diameter and wall thickness are 100 nm to 120 nm and 20 nm to 30 nm, respectively. Moreover, the morphology and structure of the highly ordered TiO2 NTs are not affected by N-doping. Furthermore, CdS nanoparticles are evenly distributed on the surface of TiO2 NTs. Finally, the photocatalytic activity of CdS/N-TiO2 NTs was evaluated by degradation of MO under visible-light irradiation. Compared with TiO2 NTs, N-TiO2 NTs, CdS/N-TiO2 NTs exhibited enhanced photocatalytic properties, and the highest degradation rate of CdS/N-TiO2NTs could reach 97.6 % after 90 min of irradiation.

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Lin, Kuan Wen, Fa Lin, Kao Kan Hsu, Bo Shing You, and Huey Ing Chen. "Hydrogen Generation by Photoelectrochemical Splitting of Water by Using CdS/TiO₂ Nanotube Photoanode." Materials Science Forum 694 (July 2011): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.694.403.

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In this study, hydrogen is generated from water via photoelectrochemical (PEC) process by using CdS/TiO2 photoanode, which is obtained in sequence chemical bath deposition (s-CBD) process. Experimentally, the CdS was deposited on TiO2 NTAs in s-CBD process. First, the TiO2 NTAs is immersed in Cd(NO3)2 and Na2S solution subsequently several cycles followed by annealing to get CdS/TiO2 photoanode. In this work, the factors were studied including immersion cycle, annealing temperature and UV illumination. The surface morphology, crystalline structure and CdS amount were characterized by SEM and XRD. The photoactivities of CdS/TiO2 photoanodes and hydrogen generation rate were investigated by PEC splitting of water. The results showed that the photoanode annealing in air at 300 °C had the highest photoactivity and the crystalline structure of CdS was composed of zinc blende and a small amount of wurtzite. The saturated current density was 6.163 mA/cm2 and the maximum photoelectrochemical conversion was 4.45 % under Xenon lamp (I0 = 100 mW/cm2) illumination. Besides, the photoactivity of CdS(UV)/TiO2 prepared under UV (λmax=253.7 nm) illumination was reduced. This was probably due to the aggregation of CdS. To sum up, the CdS/TiO2 photoanodes for photoelectrochemical splitting water could be a high prospective process of the energy source.

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Nyamukamba, Pardon, Makwena Justice Moloto, and Henry Mungondori. "Visible Light-Active CdS/TiO2 Hybrid Nanoparticles Immobilized on Polyacrylonitrile Membranes for the Photodegradation of Dyes in Water." Journal of Nanotechnology 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5135618.

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Reusable photocatalytic polyacrylonitrile membrane-supported cadmium sulphide/titanium dioxide hybrid nanoparticles (CdS/TiO2-PAN) were prepared using a dry-wet phase inversion technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the photocatalytic membranes had a porous sublayer, a compact top layer, and that, some of the nanoparticles were not encapsulated by the membranes. The average crystallite sizes of the CdS, TiO2, and CdS/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles were 3.41 nm, 10.47 nm, and 12.17 nm, respectively. The combination of CdS and TiO2 nanoparticles led to a red shift (band gap; ca. 2.6 eV) of the absorption band and extended the optical absorption spectrum into the visible region relative to TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of CdS/TiO2-PAN membranes was explored in the degradation of methylene blue dye under visible light irradiation, and the results revealed that the best photocatalytic performance was achieved by 0.1 g CdS/TiO2-PAN photocatalytic membrane with 5% loading of the CdS/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles, which degraded 66.29% of methylene blue in 210 minutes at 25°C and pH 8.5. It was found that the optimum loading of nanoparticles in the membranes was 0.1 g. All the photocatalytic membranes showed an insignificant decrease in the photocatalytic activity when used repeatedly. According to literature, CdS/TiO2-PAN photocatalytic membranes have not been prepared before for the purpose of treating simulated wastewater.

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He, Kang, Yu Chen, and Mengjun Mei. "Study on influencing factors of photocatalytic performance of CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite concrete." Nanotechnology Reviews 9, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 1160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0074.

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AbstractIn this study, a high-energy ball mill was used to composite nano-TiO2 and CdS, and three kinds of nanocomposite photocatalysts TiO2, CdS/TiO2-R400, and CdS/TiO2-R600 were prepared, which can respond to visible light. The photocatalytic concrete test block was prepared by mixing the nanocomposite photocatalyst and other masses with cement by incorporation method. To study the effect of the photocatalyst content on the photocatalytic performance of nanoconcrete, a total of four catalyst contents (0, 2%, 5%, and 8%) were set. The effects of high-temperature treatment (400°C) and different light sources (ultraviolet and visible light) on photocatalytic efficiency were also considered. The results show that the catalytic efficiency of CdS/TiO2-R400 under two light sources is higher than that of the other two photocatalysts. Compared to ultraviolet light sources, the photocatalytic efficiency of CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite concrete under visible light is lower, and the efficiency is below 9%. The optimal amounts of CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst under ultraviolet and visible light are 2% and 5%, respectively. The high-temperature treatment can improve the photocatalytic performance of CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst by 2% to 3%.

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Wang, Peng, Zhongyang Zhang, Hua Wang, Tieqiang Zhang, Haining Cui, Yue Yang, and William W. Yu. "Electrochemical Epitaxial Growth of TiO2/CdS/PbS Nanocables." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (April 30, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2820962.

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Electrochemical deposition as a liquid phase epitaxial growth method is widely used to fabricate different kinds of hierarchical structures. As a typical heterostructure, TiO2/PbS is widely utilized in the areas of photovoltaics and photocatalysis. Oriented TiO2 nanorod (NR) arrays can provide direct pathways for the electron transport of photoanode. However, the lattice mismatch between TiO2 NR sides and PbS is very large; PbS nanoparticles (NPs) only formed on the top of TiO2 NRs. To solve this problem, TiO2/CdS core/shell nanocables were firstly prepared electrochemically because the lattice ratio between TiO2 and CdS was 0.916; and then, PbS NPs were successfully deposited over CdS shells (the lattice ratio between CdS and PbS was 0.697) to form TiO2/CdS/PbS hierarchical heterostructures. Experimental results demonstrated that the CdS interlayer could effectively promote the growth of PbS NPs on the surface and improve the fill factor and short current density of the photoanodes.

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Chien, Dang Tran, Pham Duy Long, Pham Van Hoi, and Le Ha Chi. "Nanocomposite Thin Film TiO₂/CdS Electrodes Prepared by Thermal Evaporation Process for Photovoltaic Applications." Communications in Physics 21, no. 1 (June 24, 2011): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/21/1/95.

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The incorporation of cadmium sulfide (CdS) into TiO2 nanoparticle thin films was investigated. The nanoparticle TiO2 thin film onto an indium doped–tin oxide (ITO) substrate was deposited by Electron Beam Deposition (EBD) combined with thermal process. Then a CdS thin film was vacuum-deposited onto the pre-deposited TiO2 film by a thermal evaporation technique. The obtained TiO2/CdS was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The TiO2/CdS nanocomposite film was used in a photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell as a working electrode and a platinum electrode as a counter electrode. The electrolyte solution contains 1 M KCl and 0.1M Na2S. The results show that the cell with TiO2/CdS composite film electrode has significantly improved photoelectric capability in comparison with that of the pure TiO2 thin films.

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Ben Naceur, Jamila, Rachid Ouertani, Fatma Jrad, Saleh Khamlich, Wissem Dimassi, and Radhouane Chtourou. "Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 nanofiber arrays decorated with CdS nanoparticles via SILAR method." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 93, no. 2 (February 2021): 20302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021200249.

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In this paper, we report the photoelectrochemical performances of CdS nanoparticles (NPs) decorated TiO2 photoanodes. The TiO2 nanofiber arrays (NFAs) were fabricated into Titanium substrate by a hydrothermal method. Afterwards, the deposited TiO2 NFAs were decorated with CdS NPs by employing a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The obtained samples of CdS covered and uncovered TiO2 NFAs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and UV-visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. The size of the CdS nanoparticles increases with the number of SILAR cycles and leads to an additional broad absorption peak in the visible part of the spectrum. Consequently, the photo-electrochemical performance of the CdS decorated TiO2 was enhanced substantially resulting in a better electron-hole separation and transport. This enhancement has been discussed and assigned to a better sun light harvesting and an efficient charge transfer between the CdS nanoparticles and the TiO2 NFAs.

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Li, Chun Xiang, Zhao Hua Jiang, and Zhong Ping Yao. "Self-Assembly of Large Scale CdS/TiO₂ Film Photocatalyst." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1692.

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CdS/TiO2 composite films with different Cd:Ti atomic ratio were prepared by a new straightforward particulate layer-by-layer method. Titanium dihydroxide and thiourea were used as precursors. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis for the composite films revealed that the TiO2 formed from titanium precursor retarded the crystal growth of CdS. Luminescence and UV–vis absorption spectra investigation showed that emission and absorption band of CdS/TiO2 blue shifted as crystal size of CdS decreased. Furthermore, hydrogen formation curves revealed that hydroxyl of CdS/TiO2 films plays an important role in water splitting reaction under both UV and visible light irradiations.

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Mazzanti, Michele, Martina Milani, Vito Cristino, Rita Boaretto, Alessandra Molinari, and Stefano Caramori. "Visible Light Reductive Photocatalysis of Azo-Dyes with n–n Junctions Based on Chemically Deposited CdS." Molecules 27, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 2924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092924.

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New composite photocatalysts have been obtained by chemical bath deposition of CdS on top of either nanostructured crystalline ZrO2 or TiO2 films previously deposited on conductive glass FTO. Their morphological, photoelectrochemical and photochemical properties have been investigated and compared. Time resolved spectroscopic, techniques show that in FTO/TiO2/CdS films the radiative recombination of charges, separated by visible illumination of CdS, is faster than in FTO/ZrO2/CdS, evidencing that carrier dynamics in the two systems is different. Photoelectrochemical investigation evidence a suppression of electron collection in ZrO2/CdS network, whereas electron injection from CdS to TiO2 is very efficient since trap states of TiO2 act as a reservoir for long lived electrons storage. This ability of FTO/TiO2/CdS films is used in the reductive cleavage of N=N bonds of some azo-dyes by visible light irradiation, with formation and accumulation of reduced aminic intermediates, identified by ESI-MS analysis. Needed protons are provided by sodium formate, a good hole scavenger that leaves no residue upon oxidation. FTO/TiO2/CdS has an approximately 100 meV driving force larger than FTO/ZrO2/CdS under illumination for azo-dye reduction and it is always about 10% more active than the seconds. The films showed very high stability and recyclability, ease of handling and recovering.

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Chung, Jinwook, Seu-Run Kim, and Jong-Oh Kim. "Fabrication and characterization of CdS doped TiO2 nanotube composite and its photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 8 (July 7, 2015): 1341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.318.

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CdS doped TiO2 nanotube composite was fabricated by chemical bath deposition, and was characterized by the structural, spectral and photoelectrochemical properties. The results of the structural and spectral properties showed that CdS particles were successfully deposited onto the surface of TiO2 nanotube. It is demonstrated that CdS doped TiO2 nanotube composite improved the light harvesting ability. Power conversion efficiency of about 0.32% was observed. This value is about 2.9 times higher than that of pure TiO2 nanotube. The CdS doped TiO2 nanotube composite possesses relatively higher photocatalytic activity and photodegradation efficiency than that of pure TiO2 nanotube under UV light irradiation, and the degradation efficiency of methyl orange was about 42% at UV intensity of 32 W.

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Fan, Shanji, Hong Huang, Hong Chen, Jiachi Xu, Zecheng Hu, and Ying Cui. "Cds nanocrystal enhanced TiO₂photoelectrochemical aptasensor for sensitive detection of cytochrome c." Materials Express 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1774–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2021.2100.

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A CdS nanocrystal enhanced TiO2 nanotubes (CdS@TiO2 NATs) photoelectrode was prepared via successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) of CdS on the surface of TiO2 NATs. A HS-aptamer owing a specific binding toward cytochrome c was modified onto the CdS@TiO2 NATs, which resulting a decrease in the photoelectrical current intensity. Cytochrome c is therefore quantified based on the decrease in photoelectrical current. High specificity and high sensitivity were obtained with a linear range from 3 pM to 80 nM, and a limit of detection of 2.53 pM.

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Song, Jianhua, Dedong Zeng, Yu Xie, Fayun Zhang, Shenli Rao, Fahui Wang, Jinsheng Zhao, Jinbing Zhang, and Lei Wang. "Preparation of CdS Nanoparticles-TiO2 Nanorod Hererojunction and Their High-Performance Photocatalytic Activity." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (April 19, 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040441.

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As a new and emerging technology, photocatalytic oxidation is widely used in the fields of sewage treatment and organic pollution control. In this study, CdS nanoparticles were prepared at room temperature by an innovative preparation method, then TiO2 nanorod–CdS nanoparticle heterojunction photocatalysts were prepared using the solvothermal method, with TiCl3 used as the precursor for TiO2 nanorods. This study mainly took advantage of the small size of the CdS nanoparticles in combination with TiO2 nanorods, and the resultant heterojunctions had large specific surface areas, thereby increasing the contact area between the catalysts and the contaminants. In addition, due to the lower band gap energy (2.4 eV) of CdS, the photo response range of the heterojunction photocatalysts was also increased. In an experimental study, through photocatalytic performance tests of the catalysts with different weight ratios, it was found that the TiO2(40%)@CdS composite had the best photocatalytic performance and the highest catalytic rate. BET, SEM, and other tests showed that the specific surface area of the TiO2(40%)@CdS composite was the largest. TiO2 nanorods and CdS particles were uniformly distributed in the composite, and the optical response range was extended to the visible light region.

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PALMA-SOTO, E., M. DE LA LUZ MOTA-GONZÁLEZ, P. A. LUQUE-MORALES, and AMANDA CARRILLO- CASTILLO. "DETERMINATION OF PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY FOR THE SYSTEM: CdS CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITED THIN FILMS COATED WITH TiO2 NPs." Chalcogenide Letters 18, no. 2 (February 2021): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2021.182.47.

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At this research, it is proof the degradation of methylene blue colorant, as photocatalytic activity, which result from the interaction between a CdS thin film surface, coated by TiO2 NPs, and the molecules of an aqueous solution of methylene blue colorant. This heterogeneous device, TiO2 NPs/CdS thin film/Glass substrate, pump by solar radiation; can be used to wastewater treatment. CdS thin films, are deposited by chemical bath deposition, while the TiO2 nanoparticles (Nps) were obtained by a microwave-assisted solgel process method and deposited on CdS layer by spin coating technique. The main syntheses used techniques for these materials, are parts of the soft chemistry. The optical characterization of, TiO2 NPs/CdS thin films/Glass substrate, was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy, and the calculated band gap for the films was 2.8 eV. Agglomerations of TiO2 nanoparticles were observed on the homogeneous surface of polycrystalline hexagonal structure of the CdS thin films. The degradation of methylene blue colorant is carry out by three replicates of TiO2/NPs/CdS thin films/Glass substrate, exposed to sunlight for 60 minutes, resulting in a degradation of 43%.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Enhanced Photocurrent of Titania Nanotube Photoelectrode Decorated with CdS Nanoparticles." Baghdad Science Journal 15, no. 1 (March 4, 2018): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.15.1.57-62.

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In this work, CdS/TiO2 nanotubes composite nanofilms were successfully synthesized via electrodeposition technique. TiO2 titania nanotube arrays (NTAs) are commonly used in photoelectrochemical cells as the photoelectrode due to their high surface area, excellent charge transfer between interfaces and fewer interfacial grain boundaries. The anodization technique of titanium foil was used to prepare TiO2 NTAs photoelectrode. The concentration of CdCl2 played an important role in the formation of CdS nanoparticles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) shows that the CdS nanoparticles were well deposited onto the outer and inner of nanotube at 40 mM of CdCl2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses were executed for the determination of the composition and crystalline structure of the synthesized samples. Furthermore, the data of EDX confirms the formation of titanium and oxygen for TiO2 nanotubes and cadmium and sulfide for CdS deposits. UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) displayed that CdS nanoparticle which deposited onto TiO2 NTAs causes a red-shift into the visible region. CdS/TiO2 NTAs sample prepared at 40 mM of CdCl2 showed maximum photocurrent of 1.745 mA cm-2 while the bare TiO2 NTAs showed 0.026 mA cm-1.

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Nowsherwan, Ghazi Aman, Aurang Zaib, Aqeel Ahmed Shah, Mohsin Khan, Abdul Shakoor, Syed Nizamuddin Shah Bukhari, Muhammad Riaz, Syed Sajjad Hussain, Muhammad Ali Shar, and Abdulaziz Alhazaa. "Preparation and Numerical Optimization of TiO2:CdS Thin Films in Double Perovskite Solar Cell." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020900.

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This work focuses on preparing TiO2, CdS, and composite TiO2:CdS thin films for photovoltaic applications by thermal evaporation. The suggested materials exhibit very good optical and electrical properties and can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of the device. Various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were considered to investigate the optical, morphological, photoluminescence, and electrical properties. FTIR confirms the material identification by displaying some peaks in the fingerprint region. UV Vis spectroscopy yields high transmission (80–90%) and low absorbance (5–10%) within the spectral region from 500 nm to 800 nm for the composite thin films. The optical band gap values for CdS, TiO2, and TiO2:CdS thin films are 2.42 eV, 3.72 eV, and 3.6 eV. XRD was utilized to analyze the amorphous nature of the thin films, while optical and SEM microscopy were employed to examine the morphological changes caused by the addition of CdS to TiO2. The decrease in the bandgap of the composite thin films was determined by the Tauc plot, which is endorsed due to the band tailing effects. Photoluminescence spectroscopy depicts several emission peaks in the visible region when they are excited at different wavelengths, and the electrical measurement enhances the material conductivity. Furthermore, the proposed electron transport materials (TiO2, CdS, TiO2:CdS) were simulated with different perovskite materials to validate their design by employing the SCAPS-1D program and assess their performance in commercial implementation. The observed results suggest that TiO2:CdS is a promising candidate to be used as an ETM in PSC with enhanced productivity.

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Rahmawati, Fitria, Rini Wulandari, and Eti Nofaris. "Optical properties and photocatalytic activity of CdS-TiO2/graphite composite." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0162.

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AbstractTiO2 film was applied to graphite substrate through chemical bath deposition (CBD) method with TiCl4 as precursor. CdS was deposited on TiO2/graphite (TiO2/G) by CBD with precursors of CdSO4. A UV-Vis diffuse reflectance (UV-Vis DR) analysis was used to analyze the optical properties and band gap energy. Meanwhile, photocatalytic activity was determined from the quantum yield (QY) value of isopropanol degradation. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the TiO2 film contains rutile and anatase phases. UV-Vis DR spectrum shows the photoactivity in the visible light area and provides lower band gap value due to CdS deposition. TiO2/G provide energy gap at 3.0 eV, which indicates that rutile phase is dominant. Meanwhile, CdS-TiO2/G shows multiple energy gaps representing CdS at 2.4 eV, rutile at 3.0 eV, and anatase at 3.2 eV. The QY values of CdS-TiO2/G are 7.98×10-3 and 8.62×10-4 at 450 and 380 nm of radiation light, respectively. These values are higher than the QY of TiO2/G and TiO2-P25/graphite (TiO2-P25/G), which are 1.19×10-4 and 5.0×10-4, respectively. The photocatalytic reaction follows the first-order reaction. CdS deposition allows the rate constant to increase from 2×10-3 to 13×10-3 under UV radiation.

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Sun, Mo Jie, Yong Quan Wang, and Qiang Tu. "Degradation of Humic Acid Using a CdS/TiO₂ Nanotubes Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.190.

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Use NH4F as the electrolyte, prepared TiO2 nanotubes which orderly arranged by anodic oxidation. CdS was load to the TiO2-nanotubes by using chemical deposition method, then controlled size of CdS particles and uniformly load had been found when the EDTA-2NA was mixed in. The structure and morphology of TiO2 nanotubes and modified TiO2 nanotubes were observed by SEM. Use humic acid as simulate pollutant, investigate the efficiency of the CdS / TiO2nanotubes photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds .The results show that CdS modified TiO2nanotubes arrays after added EDTA-2NA, the degradation rate of humic acid increased from 57.1 % to 85.4 % after illumination.

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Feng, Hui, Wenhua Zhou, Xiangyang Zhang, Songbai Zhang, Bo Liu, and Deshuai Zhen. "Synthesis of Z-scheme Mn-CdS/MoS2/TiO2 ternary photocatalysts for high-efficiency sunlight-driven photocatalysis." Advanced Composites Letters 28 (January 1, 2019): 2633366X1989502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2633366x19895020.

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The exploration of highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for dye degradation has received great concerns in wastewater treatment. Here, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and cadmium sulfide–manganese (CdS-Mn) were sequentially assembled onto titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube by a simple hydrothermal method coupled with successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction. A zinc sulfide (ZnS) layer was introduced as a potential barrier for performance improvement; the resultant material exhibits prominent visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity in degrading methyl orange (MO) and 9-anthracenecarboxylic acids, which is 3.16-fold, 2.00-fold, and 1.69-fold or 2.86-fold, 1.56-fold, and 1.47-fold of TiO2, MoS2/TiO2, and CdS-Mn/TiO2 systems, respectively. Furthermore, the synthesized ZnS/CdS-Mn/MoS2/TiO2 composite also possesses a high hydrogen production rate of 408.27 mmol/cm2/h out of water under visible light illumination, which is about 30.08 times greater than that of pure TiO2 and 5.18-fold and 2.52-fold of MoS2/TiO2 and CdS-Mn/TiO2, respectively. The enhanced photocatalyst performances are mainly attributed to the synergetic effects of CdS-Mn, MoS2, and TiO2, forming a Z-scheme system in the CdS-Mn/MoS2/TiO2 electrode, which not only accelerates the interfacial charge transfer efficiency but also preserves the strong redox ability of the photogenerated electrons and holes. In addition, the prepared photoelectrode is highly stable and completely recyclable over hydrogen evolution reaction and organic degradation.

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Wang, You Jun, An Zhong Deng, Jin Ping Shao, and Dong Li. "Synthesis and Infrared Emissivity Properties of CdS/TiO₂ Composite." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.691.

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Nanoparticle CdS was prepared by use of microwave irradiation method. CdS/TiO2 composite was prepared by sol-gel method. The characteristics of composite material were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM)and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Butyl titanate(TBOT) hydrolysis kinetics was discussed. The formation products were mainly anatase TiO2 and hexagonal CdS. Infrared emissivity test results showed: at 650°C, molar ratio of CdS/TiO2 was 2:3, infrared emissivity of composite material was 0.2872.

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Ke, Ou Yang, Xie Shan, Xiao Ou Ma, Meng Li, and Qiu Lian Feng. "Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange by a New Photoctalyst Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotues (MWCNTs)/TiO₂/CdS Nanocomposite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1084–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1084.

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Composite photocatalysts using TiO2 coated by Multi-walled carbon nanotues(MWCNTs) and CdS were prepared by sol-gel process. The purpose of adding MWCNTs and CdS was extending the light absorbance range of pure TiO2 to visible light. Methyl orange (MO) was chosen as an object. The degradation of MO by MWCNTs/TiO2/CdS composite photocatalysts under visible light irradiation was studied. The results showed that the presence of MWCNTs and CdS can enhance the photoefficiency of TiO2 greatly. In addition, The photocatalyst was used for five cycles with photocatalytic degradation efficiency still higher than 96%. The photocatalytic degradation of MO followed a first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. A possible decomposing mechanism for the photocatalytic oxidative degradation was also discussed. The results of the study showed the potential use of MWCNTs/TiO2/CdS composite in degradation of toxic organic pollutants.

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Zhang, Longfei, Ying Wang, Limin Peng, Zhilin Chen, Shaoyi Lyu, and Siqun Wang. "Self-Luminous Wood Coatings with Carbon Dots/TiO2 Grafted Afterglow SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy Core-Shell Phosphors for Long-Lasting Formaldehyde Removal." Polymers 15, no. 9 (April 27, 2023): 2077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092077.

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Long-term relief of indoor volatile pollution has become a competitive issue worldwide in both visible and dark environments. A novel self-luminous wood coating with carbon dots (CDs)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterial coated SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ (CDs/TiO2@SAO) composite was prepared for the long-term degradation of formaldehyde through a simple sol-gel method. The microstructure, chemical composition, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra, and long-lasting fluorescence of the CDs/TiO2@SAO photocatalyst were analyzed to illustrate the mechanism for degrading formaldehyde. The obtained CDs with a particle size of ~2–7 nm have a good graphite structure and presented good absorption in visible light. In addition, owing to the synergistic effect of the CDs/TiO2 nanomaterial coating layer and the long-afterglow luminescence of the SAO phosphor, the CDs/TiO2@SAO composite can absorb a part of the visible light for photocatalytic degradation and store luminous energy efficiently at daytime so as to give out visible luminescence continuously for a few hours in the darkness. Furthermore, the functional wood coatings with CDs/TiO2@SAO composite presented continuous and efficient photocatalytic activity in the presence and absence of light exposure. The current research could provide a new strategy for designing an efficient photocatalyst for degrading formaldehyde pollution in the daytime with a visible light supply and in an indoor dark environment without an external light source.

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Mou, Xiaoyan, Chuan Rong, Xiao Li Dong, Xin Xin Zhang, Chun Ma, Xiu Fang Zhang, Hong Chao Ma, Fei Shi, and Mang Xue. "Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of CdS/ZnS/TiO₂ Photocatalyst." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1620–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1620.

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CdS/ZnS/TiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel and immersion method. The optimum preparation conditions were as follows: the mole ratio of XS (CdS, ZnS) and TiO2 was 1:100; the mole ratio of CdS and ZnS was 1:1; calcined temperature 500°C; calcined time 1h. The optimum photocatalytic reaction conditions were as follows: the concentration of methyl orange 20mg/L, pH 5-7 and the catalyst dosage 2g/L. The removal rates of color and TOC were 84.3% and 54.2% using CdS/ZnS/TiO2 under the Visible light irradiation, respectively.

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Milani, Martina, Michele Mazzanti, Stefano Caramori, Graziano Di Carmine, Giuliana Magnacca, and Alessandra Molinari. "Composite CdS/TiO2 Powders for the Selective Reduction of 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde by Visible Light: Relation between Preparation, Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity." Catalysts 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13010074.

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A series of composite CdS/TiO2 powders was obtained by nucleation of TiO2 on CdS nanoseeds. This combination presents the appropriate band edge position for photocatalytic redox reactions: visible light irradiation of CdS allows the injection of electrons into dark TiO2, increasing the lifetimes of separated charges. The electrons have been used for the quantitative photoreduction of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde to 4-aminobenzaldehyde, whose formation was pointed out by 1H NMR and ESI-MS positive ion mode. Concomitant sacrificial oxidation of 2-propanol, which was also the proton source, occurred. The use of characterization techniques (XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption) evidenced the principal factors driving the photocatalytic reaction: the nanometric size of anatase crystalline domains, the presence of dispersed CdS to form an extended active junction CdS/anatase, and the presence of mesopores as nanoreactors. The result is an efficient photocatalytic system that uses visible light. In addition, the presence of TiO2 in combination with CdS improves the stability of the photoactive material, enabling its recyclability.

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Qutub, Nida, Preeti Singh, Suhail Sabir, Khalid Umar, Suresh Sagadevan, and Won-Chun Oh. "Synthesis of Polyaniline Supported CdS/CdS-ZnS/CdS-TiO2 Nanocomposite for Efficient Photocatalytic Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 8 (April 14, 2022): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12081355.

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Photocatalytic degradation can be increased by improving photo-generated electrons and broadening the region of light absorption through conductive polymers. In that view, we have synthesized Polyaniline (PANI) with CdS, CdS-ZnS, and CdS-TiO2 nanocomposites using the chemical precipitation method, characterized and verified for the photo-degradation of Acid blue-29 dye. This paper provides a methodical conception about in what way conductive polymers “PANI” enhances the performance rate of composite photocatalysts (CdS, CdS-ZnS and CdS-TiO2). The nanocomposites charge transfer, molar ratio, surface morphology, particle size, diffraction pattern, thermal stability, optical and recombination of photo-generated charge carrier properties were determined. The production of nanocomposites and their efficient photocatalytic capabilities were observed. The mechanism of photocatalysis involved with PC, CZP and CTP nanocomposites are well presented by suitable diagrams representing the exchange of electrons and protons among themselves with supported equations. We discovered that increasing the number of nanocomposites in the membranes boosted both photocatalytic activity and degradation rate. CdS-Zinc-PANI (CZP) and CdS-TiO2-PANI(CTP) nanocomposites show entrapment at the surface defects of Zinc and TiO2 nanoparticles due to the demolition of unfavorable electron kinetics, and by reducing the charge recombination, greater photocatalytic activity than CdS-PANI (CP) with the same nanoparticle loading was achieved. With repeated use, the photocatalysts’ efficiency dropped very little, hinting that they may be used to remove organic pollutants from water. The photocatalytic activity of CZP and CTP photocatalytic membranes was greater when compared to CdS-PANI, which may be due to the good compatibility between CdS and Zinc and TiO2, as well efficient charge carrier separation. PANI can also increase the split-up of photo-excited charge carriers and extend the absorption zone when combined with these nanoparticles. As a result, the development of outrageous performance photocatalysts and their potential uses in ecological purification and solar power conversion has been facilitated. The novelty of this article is to present the degradation of AB-29 Dye using nanocomposites with polymers and study the enhanced degradation rate. Few studies have been carried out on polymer nanocomposites and their application in the degradation of AB-29 dyes and remediation of water purposes. Nanoparticle CdS is a very effective photocatalyst, commonly used for water purification along with nanoparticle ZnS and TiO2; but cadmium ion-leaching makes it ineffective for practical and commercial use. In the present work, we have reduced the leaching of hazardous cadmium ions by trapping them in a polyaniline matrix, hence making it suitable for commercial use. We have embedded ZnS and TiO2 along with CdS in a polyaniline matrix and compared their photocatalytic activity, stability, and reusability, proving our nano-composites suitable for commercial purposes with enhanced activities and stabilities, which is a novelty. All synthesized nanocomposites are active within the near-ultraviolet to deep infrared (i.e., 340–850 nm). This gives us full efficiency of the photocatalysts in the sunlight and further proves the commercial utility of our nanocomposites.

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Mohsin, Ali Kamel, and Noriah Bidin. "Effect of CdS Thickness on the Optical and Structural Properties of TiO₂/CdS Nanocomposite Film." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.547.

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Efficient modification of energy band gap to absorb visible light in TiO2 semiconductor nanocomposites is challenging. The effect of the varying CdS thickness (50-100 nm) on the structural and optical properties of TiO2/CdS nanocomposite films (NCF) grown by electron beam deposition is reported. The surface morphology and optical behaviors are characterized via XRD, AFM and UV-Vis measurements. The lattice parameters and nanocrystallinity of TiO2/CdS NCF determined from XRD patterns are found to increase gradually with the increase of CdS thickness. The mean particles size estimated using Scherer formula and AFM micrographs lies in the range of 10.29 -59.71 nm for various CdS thickness. The increase in root mean square roughness with the increase of CdS thickness is revealed by AFM micrographs. The UV-Vis measurement shows a significant enhancement in the absorption of NCFs in the range of 340 to 500 nm due to the addition of a small portion of CdS. Interestingly, Our results suggest that the optical and structural properties of TiO2 films can significantly be improved and finely tuned by varying the thicknesses of CdS film useful for applications.

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Jang, Jum Suk, Sun Hee Choi, Hyunwoong Park, Wonyong Choi, and Jae Sung Lee. "A Composite Photocatalyst of CdS Nanoparticles Deposited on TiO2 Nanosheets." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 3642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.073.

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A nanocomposite photocatalyst consisting of deposited CdS nanoparticles on TiO2 nanosheets was fabricated by a simple one-pot method. The contact between two phases was maximized by making a composite structure of TiO2 nanosheet decorated with CdS nanoparticles. The composite photocatalyst showed higher photoactivity for hydrogen production from aqueous Na2S/Na2SO3 solution and decomposition of methylene blue under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm) compared with single component CdS nanoparticles or a physical mixture of CdS nanoparticles and TiO2 nanorods. The intentional formation of nanoscale heterojunctions between two phases appears beneficial for inducing an efficient electron-hole separation.

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Zhang, Li-Yuan, Jia You, Qian-Wen Li, Zhi-Hong Dong, Ya-Jie Zhong, Yan-Lin Han, and Gang He. "Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of CdS/F–TiO2 Composites." Coatings 9, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120824.

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F–TiO2 was prepared by a simple precipitation method using titanium sulfate as the titanium source, hydrogen fluoride as the fluorine source and ammonia as the precipitant. CdS/F–TiO2 composites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis of CdS and F–TiO2. The surface morphology, crystal phase composition, ultraviolet absorption band, fluorescence intensity, element composition, valence state, specific surface and pore structure of the samples were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum (UV-Vis-Abs), Molecular fluorescence spectrophotometer (PL) and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Surface area analyzer (BET), respectively. The effects of the dosage of the photocatalyst, pH value, the concentration of methyl orange and the addition of H2O2 on the photocatalytic performance were investigated with methyl orange solution as the target degradation product. The results showed the optimum condition for photodegradation of methyl orange by 1% CdS/F–TiO2 is that the pH value, the solid-liquid ratio, the concentration of methyl orange and the dosage of H2O2 is 2, 2 g/L, 10 mg/L and 3%, respectively. Under the same conditions, the degradation rate of methyl orange by 1% CdS/F–TiO2 was 93.36% when 300 W metal halide lamp was irradiated for 20 minutes, which was significantly higher than that of F–TiO2. CdS has a significant effect on the morphology, crystallinity, grain size and the compound probability of electrons and holes after the F–TiO2 modification. The composite causes a significant red shift at the edge of the F–TiO2 light absorption band. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by 1% CdS/F–TiO2 follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order kinetic model.

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Yu, Sujing, Juncheng Hu, and Jinlin Li. "Self-Assembly of TiO2/CdS Mesoporous Microspheres with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity via Hydrothermal Method." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/854217.

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Self assembly of TiO2/CdS mesoporous microspheres was synthesized via hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The as-synthesized TiO2/CdS mesoporous microspheres showed superior photocatalytic activity for the degradation of RhB under either visible light or simulated sunlight irradiation; the 10 wt% TiO2/CdS sample showed the best performance. Moreover, this catalyst showed improved stability, and the activity did not decrease significantly after four recycles. The heterojunction between TiO2and CdS may be favorable for the transport of photoinduced electrons from CdS to TiO2. In addition, the mesoporous structure could increase the utilization of light energy and facilitate the diffusion of reactants and products during the photocatalytic reaction.

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Hossain, M. F. "Fabrication of Nanosticks-Like CdS Sensitizer for the Application of Solar Cells." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 2992–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17477.

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The novelty of this work is to fabricate the Nanosticks (NSs) like CdS sensitizer on the surface of TiO2 electrode by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method with a very high vacuum annealed at 350 °C for 30 min. Whereas, nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes have been prepared on FTO (SnO2: F) glass by a spin-coating method with high purity (99.99%, Degussa P25) TiO2 powder. The surface of the CdS layer has been covered by NSs like structures which are confirmed by the scanning electron microscope image. The 100 nm of platinum-coated FTO substrate and polysulfide-based electrolyte are used to assemble the Grätzel Solar cell (GSC). The performance of solar cell (SC) based on NSs like CdS has been compared with the nanoparticles (NPs) based CdS sensitized SC, where CdS NPs has synthesized by CBD without any post-annealing. The efficiency of NSs like CdS sensitized SC exhibits 2.44%, which is 2 folds of the efficiency of the CdS NPs sensitized SC. The NSs like CdS sensitized SC shows the highest photocurrent 20.24 mA/cm2 compared to CdS NPs based SC.

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Wei, Hai Ying, Hua Yan Zhang, Wen Ming Zhang, Shu Ming Wang, Jun Ying Xiao, Tong Cui, Yun Ping Bai, Han Shuang Niu, Tian Tian Li, and Xiao Wei Li. "Facile Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properities of Mini Nanoparticle CdS Quantum Dots/Boron and Nitrogen Co-Doped TiO₂ Transparent Photocatalyst Emulsion." Advanced Materials Research 1088 (February 2015): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1088.33.

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CdS quantum dots/ Boron and Nitrogen co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst emulsions were synthesized by a complexation-controlled hydrolysis method at room temperature. Boron compounds and Nitrogen compounds were added to TiO2 precursor solution, and CdS quantum dots were attached to TiO2 particles surfaces by using chemical reaction. The hybird composite photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis. Their photocatalytic properties were evaluated through the degradation of acid red 3R dye. The results indicate that when TiO2 emulsion add to Boron ions, Nitrogen ions, and CdS quantum dots, the photocatalytic performance of the emulsion is the best.

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Štengl, Václav, and Daniela Králová. "TiO2/ZnS/CdS Nanocomposite for Hydrogen Evolution and Orange II Dye Degradation." International Journal of Photoenergy 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/532578.

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TiO2/ZnS/CdS composites for photocatalytic hydrogen production from water were prepared by homogeneous hydrolysis of aqueous solutions mixture of TiOSO4, ZnSO4, and CdSO4with thioacetamide. Hydrogen evolution was observed in the presence of palladium and platinum nanoparticles deposited on TiO2/ZnS/CdS composites. The morphology was obtained by scanning electron microscopy, the nitrogen adsorption-desorption was used for determination of surface area (BET) and porosity. The method of UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was employed to estimate band-gap energies of prepared TiO2/ZnS/CdS nano-composites. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples were assessed by photocatalytic decomposition of Orange II dye in an aqueous slurry under UV irradiation at 365 nm wavelength and visible light up to 400 nm wavelength. Doped titanium dioxide by the CdS increased band-gap energy and doping with ZnS increased photocatalytic activity. The best photocatalytic activity for H2evolution shows sample named TiZnCd7 on surface deposited with palladium, which contains 20.21% TiO2, 78.5% ZnS, and 1.29% CdS.

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Prachopchok, Prathan, Janesuk Potisart, Chanu Photiphitak, and Tossapol Tippo. "Effects of CdS-TiO₂ Working Electrode Layer on Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Investigated by Impedance Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 675-676 (January 2016): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.675-676.101.

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The efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been improved by various ways. In this work, The CdS nanoparticles were added in the TiO2 working electrode for improving the efficiency of DSSC. The DSSC structure comprises of TiO2 working electrode with and without CdS powder, Pt counter electrode, rutherium (II) (N719) dye and lithium iodide electrolyte. Normally, the TiO2 paste was screened for five layers. In this work, the TiO2 paste with CdS nanoparticles was screened for various numbers of layers on the layers of pure TiO2 to get the total of five layers. Then TiO2 mixed and unmixed CdS nanoparticles and Pt films were annealed at the temperature of 500°C for 50 min. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) was used to study charge transport in each interface of DSSC. For illumination condition, the measured IS can be divided into three regions that were charge transport at Pt layer, charge transport at working electrode/dye/electrolyte interface and ion contribution at electrolyte layer. The carrier transport parameters extracted from fitting IS spectra were chemical capacitance, charge transfer resistance and time constant.

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Journal articles on the topic 'TiO2–CdS'

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