Relevant bibliographies by topics / Timer signals

Academic literature on the topic 'Timer signals'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Timer signals"

1

Korchynskyi, V. V., V. I. Kildishev, A. M. Berdnikov, and K. O. Smazhenko. "INCREASE OF STEALTH TRANSMISSION BASED ON TIMER SIGNALS AND LINEAR FREQUENCY MODULATION." Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2020-1-1-53-58.

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Recently, much attention has been paid to the research of the properties and methods of forming complex noise-like signals to increase the noise immunity of radio communication systems operating in the conditions of electronic conflict. Using such signals, the tasks are resolved to improve the noise immunity and the main indicators of transmission stealth (energy, structural and information). For the task of the synthesis noise-like signals using timer signal designs in combination with the method of spreading the spectrum based on linear frequency modulation is proposed. The advisability of using timer signals is justified by their properties, which increase the noise immunity and stealth transmission. In contrast to positional codes, timer signals have more complex structure for construct signal construction. The initial parameters for constructing timer signals allow the formation of various sets of signal constructions. Such variational possibilities of constructing timer signals substantially increase the potential structural stealth of the transmission. Also based on timer signals, noise immunity coding is implemented without additional test elements. In the article A method for synthesizing noise-like signals based on linear frequency modulation and timer signal designs is proposed.
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2

Saptadi, Arief Hendra. "Perbandingan Kecepatan Pencacahan Antara Timer 0 (8 Bit) Dengan Timer 1 (16 Bit) Pada Sistem Mikrokontroler." JURNAL INFOTEL - Informatika Telekomunikasi Elektronika 3, no. 2 (November 10, 2011): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v3i2.90.

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The application of timer/counter in microcontroller system had provided advantages in a way that it didn’t put the burden on CPU resources and enabled CPU to perform other tasks. With the availability of 8-bit and 16-bit timer/counter, the problem laid on the selection of the type of timer/counter being used. From the experiments performed, the minimum system of AVR ATmega8535 microcontroller had precisely counted a number using two different timers/counters, namely, Timer/Counter 0 (8 bit) and Timer/Counter 1 (16 bit). The overflow condition achieved on 8-bit and 16-bit counting cycle activated OCR0 and OCR1AL registers, respectively. Output signals from port B.3 (OC0) and port D.5 (OC1A) are then fed to oscilloscope and put into comparison. From the observation of output signals, it could be proven that the two different timers/counters had equal counting speed. Hence, it can be concluded that the selection of timers/counters is more likely based on the flexibility of count range, program size and execution time
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Mohan, Nikam, Attikachallil Ajith, Barkale Adwait, Khan Abdulkadir, and Jadhav Pushparaj. "Dynamic Traffic Signals Timer Using Iot - A Survey." International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology 68, no. 1 (January 25, 2020): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v68i1p114.

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4

Reverter, Ferran. "Rail-to-Rail Timer-Based Demodulator for AM Sensor Signals." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 68, no. 1 (January 2019): 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2018.2879127.

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5

Zakharchenko N.V., Gadzhiev M.M., Zakharchenko N. V. ,. Gadzhiev M. M. "TIMED SIGNAL CONSTRUCTIONS AS A TOOL FOR INCREASING THE NUMBER OF CODEWORDS BY IMPLEMENTING THEIR CONSTANT LENGTH." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 10, no. 06 (October 10, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei1006202164.

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It is indicated that due to changes in the restrictions on the duration of the basic element, which is the basis for the construction of the signal structure, an increase in the channel capacity was obtained by reducing the energy distance between the signal structures. In this case, the information parameter in these structures is not the parameters of the current or voltage, but the time. The work uses timer signal structures, which are synthesized, as well as positional signals from segments not less than the Nyquist element, but not multiples of it. It is this principle of formation that significantly increases the number of synthesized code structures in comparison with positional coding. It is noted that the information content of any event is determined by the number of its states, and the entropy and the probability of the occurrence of a particular event are interrelated values. In addition, timer signaling constructs allow synthesizing ensembles with a large information content in comparison with positional coding. Keywords: basic element, Nyquist element, information parameter, entropy, probability of occurrence, information segment, message, timer signal structure.
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Reverter, Ferran, and Manel Gasulla. "Demodulating AM Square Signals via a Digital Timer for Sensor Applications." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 69, no. 5 (May 2020): 2593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.2964075.

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7

Su, Hongqi, Feng Yang, Kai Ma, and Wenxian Kang. "Research on high-accuracy programmable timer used in acquiring UWB signals." Applied Geophysics 2, no. 2 (June 2005): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11770-005-0044-2.

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8

Jia, Shi Sheng, Bao Yin Li, and Xue Hui Gao. "The Application of Microcontroller Timer/Counter in Speed Measuring/Speed Regulation System." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1541.

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The system, a closed-loop control system which consists of single chip computer, control circuit, frequency converter and motor, can not only measure the motor’s speed, but also can set the motor’s speed conveniently and make the motor run at the set speed at last. There need to be three timers/counters to realize this function. As an enhanced 51 series microcontroller AT89S52, There are three such timers/counters (T0, T1, T2) in it. We can determine the motor’s speed with T2 by installing powerful magnet and Hall sensor on the motor’s axle. The Hall sensor generates a pulse when the motor’s axle turn a round. We can get the motor’s speed by calculating the cycle of the pulse. T1 and T2, as pulse width modulation signal generator, produce the pulse signals. Here T1 determines the cycle, and T0 determines the duty ratio. The duty ratio of pulse signals can be regulated according to the deviation between the real speed and set speed. Then the single chip computer generates corresponding DC voltage, which controls the frequency converter and makes the motor run at the set speed finally. The system can be applied to many field that has special requirements to motor’s speed.
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Maliq, Tatang Maulana, Harnen Sulistio, Ludfi Djakfar, and Sonya Sulistyono. "THE EFFECT OF USING A COUNTDOWN TIMER ON THE SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS PERFORMANCE IN MALANG CITY." Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Lingkungan 2, no. 02 (December 3, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jrsl.v2i02.6442.

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The high growth of the population in Malang will trigger an increase in the activity of its, resulting in increased traffic. Increased traffic demands will add to traffic congestion problems on roads and intersections. One way of traffic engineering to improve signaled intersection performance is to equip traffic signals with countdown timers. This additional instrument serves to inform the duration of the signal setup time. This study aims to determine the effect of countdown timer use on saturation flow, performance and safety factor signalized intersection in Malang. The paired sample t-teste statistical method is used to see the influence of the countdown timer on saturation flow, and the impact on the performance and safety of the intersection arm. The use of countdown timer can increase the value of saturation flow, so the capacity of the intersection also increased 5-22% with decreasing delay time 5-13 sec/smp. But the less positive impact on the safety factor intersection, because there is an increase in the movement of vehicles before the green time. Tingginya pertumbuhan jumah penduduk di Kota Malang akan memicu peningkatan aktifitas penduduk sehingga berdampak pada meningkatnya lalu lintas. Peningkatan tuntutan lalu lintas akan menambah masalah kemacetan lalu lintas pada ruas jalan dan simpang. Salah satu cara rekayasa lalu lintas untuk meningkatkan kinerja simpang bersinyal adalah melengkapi sinyal lalu lintas dengan countdown timer. Instrumen tambahan ini berfungsi menginformasikan durasi waktu pengaturan sinyal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan countdown timer terhadap arus jenuh , kinerja dan faktor keselamatan simpang bersinyal di Kota Malang. Metode statistik paired sample t-teste digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh countdown timer terhadap arus jenuh, dan dampak pada kinerja serta keselamatan lengan simpang. Penggunaan countdown timer mampu meningkatkan nilai arus jenuh, sehingga kapasitas lengan simpang juga mengalami peningkatan 5-22% dengan penurunan waktu tundaan 5-13 detik/smp. Tetapi kurang berdampak positif terhadap faktor keselamatan simpang, karena terjadi peningkatan pergerakan kendaraan sebelum waktu hijau.
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Aditya Lahoty. "Traffic Light Optimization using OpenCV." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 12 (December 5, 2020): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst061233.

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Traffic Light Optimization aims to find the solution for an increased amount of unnecessary waiting time on traffic signals. Traffic Signal Optimization is the process of changing the timing parameters relative to the length of the green light for each traffic movement and the timed relationship between signalized intersections using a computer software program. Our project aims to set the timer of green light based on real-time traffic congestion i.e. number of vehicles in a particular direction of the traffic light. To work in this project, we are using the OpenCV method to detect vehicles and then perform our calculation in the algorithm to predict the time for the green light to be in an active state.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Timer signals"

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Case, David Robert. "Real-time signal processing of multi-path video signals." Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334170.

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Palekar, Trishul Ajit. "Signal optimization at isolated intersections using pre-signals." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4279.

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This research proposes a new signal operation strategy aimed at efficient utilization of green time by cutting down on the start up and response loss times. The idea is to have a "pre-signal" on each main approach a few hundred feet upstream of the intersection in addition to the main intersection signal, which is coordinated with the pre-signal. The offset between the main and pre-signal ensures that the majority of start up losses does not occur at the main signal. The benefits of the system under various traffic conditions were evaluated based on analysis of the queue discharge process and Corridor Simulation (CORSIM) study. The proposed measure should reduce the travel time and total control delay for the signalized network. To attain the objective the following two studies were undertaken: 1. Development of a queue discharge model to investigate the expected benefits of the system. 2. Simulation of the system: In the second part of the research, the proposed strategy was tested using CORSIM to evaluate its performance vis-à-vis the baseline case. The queue discharge model (QDM) was found to be linear in nature in contrast to prior expectations. The model was used to quantify the benefits obtained from the pre-signal system. The result of this analysis indicated that the proposed strategy would yield significant travel time savings and reductions in total control delay. In addition to the QDM analysis, CORSIM simulations were used to code various hypothetical scenarios to test the concept under various constraints and limitations. As per expectations, it was found that the system was beneficial for high demand levels and longer offsets. The upper limit on offsets was determined by visual observation of platoon dispersion and therefore the maximum offset distance was restricted to 450 feet. For scenarios where split phasing was used, the break even point in terms of demand level was found to be 2500 vph on a three lane approach, whereas that for a lag-lag type of phasing strategy was found to be 1800 vph, also on a three lane approach.
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Valančius, Valdas. "Garsinio signalo apdorojimo realiame laike įtaisas." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120702_130041-11722.

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Šio darbo tikslas suprojektuoti ir sukurti nesudėtingą garsinio signalo apdorojimo realiu laiku įtaisą, populiaraus „Arduino“ mikrovaldiklio pagrindu, kuriuo būtų lengva naudotis ir būtų galimybė pagrindines funkcijas valdyti naudojantis TC/IP protokolu. „Arduino“ mikrovaldiklis pasirinktas dėl jo populiarumo, prieinamos kainos ir dėl gausios informacijos, apie jo panaudojimo galimybes. Be abejo yra daug ir kitų platformų skirtų įvairių prietaisų kūrimui su pakankamai išsamia informacija, bet „Arduino“ platformai yra sukurta nemokama atviro kodo programinė įranga, „Arduino“ kontrolerio programavimui tiesiogiai iš personalinio kompiuterio, nenaudojant papildomų priemonių, dirbanti su Windows ir Unix operacinėmis sistemomis.
Most modern desktop computers are equipped with audio hardware. This hardware allows audio to be recorded as digital information for storage and later playback. This digital information can be manipulated to change how the audio sounds when played back. But if we don’t have a computer, or just need to get some sound effects quickly without recording audio? Maybe You are a student who are learning sound processing hardware and need some examples of audio synthesis? Do you like an “Arduino” and want to see what it can? This device is for You! This small device based on “Arduino” controller makes audio processing in real time, producing some audio effects and also it can play some synthetic sound. In this device is integrated LCD screen, where you can see some information about what the device is doing, when you have pressed one of some buttons on it. Also it is possible to manage the device over the internet. You need just plug in an Ethernet cable, open an internet browser on the computer in local network and add an IP address of this device. You will get small web page where you will found few buttons. By clicking with mouse on these buttons you can listen to a synthetic sound, which system can produce. In this work You will be introduced to the sound signal processing. You will also find graphs and flowchart detailing the sequence of event between the user and system, the exchange of data inside and the static structure of the system in the architectural specification. In... [to full text]
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Ristic, Branko. "Some aspects of signal dependent and higher-order time-frequency and time-scale analysis of non-stationary signals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1995.

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5

Firla, Marcin. "Automatic signal processing for wind turbine condition monitoring. Time-frequency cropping, kinematic association, and all-sideband demodulation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT006/document.

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Cette thèse propose trois méthodes de traitement du signal orientées vers la surveillance d’état et le diagnostic. Les techniques proposées sont surtout adaptées pour la surveillance d’état, effectuée à la base de vibrations, des machines tournantes qui fonctionnent dans des conditions d’opération non-stationnaires comme par exemple les éoliennes mais elles ne sont pas limitées à un tel usage. Toutes les méthodes proposées sont des algorithmes automatiques et gérés par les données.La première technique proposée permet de sélectionner la partie la plus stationnaire d’un signal en cadrant la représentation temps-fréquence d’un signal.La deuxième méthode est un algorithme pour l’association des dispositions spectrales, des séries harmoniques et des séries à bandes latérales avec des fréquences caractéristiques provennant du cinématique d'un système analysé. Cette méthode propose une approche unique dédiée à l’élément roulant du roulement qui permet de surmonter les difficultés causées par le phénomène de glissement.La troisième technique est un algorithme de démodulation de bande latérale entière. Elle fonctionne à la base d’un filtre multiple et propose des indicateurs de santé pour faciliter une évaluation d'état du système sous l’analyse.Dans cette thèse, les méthodes proposées sont validées sur les signaux simulés et réels. Les résultats présentés montrent une bonne performance de toutes les méthodes
This thesis proposes a three signal-processing methods oriented towards the condition monitoring and diagnosis. In particular the proposed techniques are suited for vibration-based condition monitoring of rotating machinery which works under highly non-stationary operational condition as wind turbines, but it is not limited to such a usage. All the proposed methods are automatic and data-driven algorithms.The first proposed technique enables a selection of the most stationary part of signal by cropping time-frequency representation of the signal.The second method is an algorithm for association of spectral patterns, harmonics and sidebands series, with characteristic frequencies arising from kinematic of a system under inspection. This method features in a unique approach dedicated for rolling-element bearing which enables to overcome difficulties caused by a slippage phenomenon.The third technique is an all-sideband demodulation algorithm. It features in a multi-rate filter and proposes health indicators to facilitate an evaluation of the condition of the investigated system.In this thesis the proposed methods are validated on both, simulated and real-world signals. The presented results show good performance of all the methods
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Nguyen, Linh Trung. "Estimation and separation of linear frequency- modulated signals in wireless communications using time - frequency signal processing." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15984/.

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Signal processing has been playing a key role in providing solutions to key problems encountered in communications, in general, and in wireless communications, in particular. Time-Frequency Signal Processing (TFSP) provides eective tools for analyzing nonstationary signals where the frequency content of signals varies in time as well as for analyzing linear time-varying systems. This research aimed at exploiting the advantages of TFSP, in dealing with nonstationary signals, into the fundamental issues of signal processing, namely the signal estimation and signal separation. In particular, it has investigated the problems of (i) the Instantaneous Frequency (IF) estimation of Linear Frequency-Modulated (LFM) signals corrupted in complex-valued zero-mean Multiplicative Noise (MN), and (ii) the Underdetermined Blind Source Separation (UBSS) of LFM signals, while focusing onto the fast-growing area of Wireless Communications (WCom). A common problem in the issue of signal estimation is the estimation of the frequency of Frequency-Modulated signals which are seen in many engineering and real-life applications. Accurate frequency estimation leads to accurate recovery of the true information. In some applications, the random amplitude modulation shows up when the medium is dispersive and/or when the assumption of point target is not valid; the original signal is considered to be corrupted by an MN process thus seriously aecting the recovery of the information-bearing frequency. The IF estimation of nonstationary signals corrupted by complex-valued zero-mean MN was investigated in this research. We have proposed a Second-Order Statistics approach, rather than a Higher-Order Statistics approach, for IF estimation using Time-Frequency Distributions (TFDs). The main assumption was that the autocorrelation function of the MN is real-valued but not necessarily positive (i.e. the spectrum of the MN is symmetric but does not necessary has the highest peak at zero frequency). The estimation performance was analyzed in terms of bias and variance, and compared between four dierent TFDs: Wigner-Ville Distribution, Spectrogram, Choi-Williams Distribution and Modified B Distribution. To further improve the estimation, we proposed to use the Multiple Signal Classification algorithm and showed its better performance. It was shown that the Modified B Distribution performance was the best for Signal-to-Noise Ratio less than 10dB. In the issue of signal separation, a new research direction called Blind Source Separation (BSS) has emerged over the last decade. BSS is a fundamental technique in array signal processing aiming at recovering unobserved signals or sources from observed mixtures exploiting only the assumption of mutual independence between the signals. The term "blind" indicates that neither the structure of the mixtures nor the source signals are known to the receivers. Applications of BSS are seen in, for example, radar and sonar, communications, speech processing, biomedical signal processing. In the case of nonstationary signals, a TF structure forcing approach was introduced by Belouchrani and Amin by defining the Spatial Time- Frequency Distribution (STFD), which combines both TF diversity and spatial diversity. The benefit of STFD in an environment of nonstationary signals is the direct exploitation of the information brought by the nonstationarity of the signals. A drawback of most BSS algorithms is that they fail to separate sources in situations where there are more sources than sensors, referred to as UBSS. The UBSS of nonstationary signals was investigated in this research. We have presented a new approach for blind separation of nonstationary sources using their TFDs. The separation algorithm is based on a vector clustering procedure that estimates the source TFDs by grouping together the TF points corresponding to "closely spaced" spatial directions. Simulations illustrate the performances of the proposed method for the underdetermined blind separation of FM signals. The method developed in this research represents a new research direction for solving the UBSS problem. The successful results obtained in the research development of the above two problems has led to a conclusion that TFSP is useful for WCom. Future research directions were also proposed.
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Nguyen, Linh-Trung. "Estimation and separation of linear frequency- modulated signals in wireless communications using time - frequency signal processing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15984/1/Nguyen_Linh-Trung_Thesis.pdf.

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Signal processing has been playing a key role in providing solutions to key problems encountered in communications, in general, and in wireless communications, in particular. Time-Frequency Signal Processing (TFSP) provides eective tools for analyzing nonstationary signals where the frequency content of signals varies in time as well as for analyzing linear time-varying systems. This research aimed at exploiting the advantages of TFSP, in dealing with nonstationary signals, into the fundamental issues of signal processing, namely the signal estimation and signal separation. In particular, it has investigated the problems of (i) the Instantaneous Frequency (IF) estimation of Linear Frequency-Modulated (LFM) signals corrupted in complex-valued zero-mean Multiplicative Noise (MN), and (ii) the Underdetermined Blind Source Separation (UBSS) of LFM signals, while focusing onto the fast-growing area of Wireless Communications (WCom). A common problem in the issue of signal estimation is the estimation of the frequency of Frequency-Modulated signals which are seen in many engineering and real-life applications. Accurate frequency estimation leads to accurate recovery of the true information. In some applications, the random amplitude modulation shows up when the medium is dispersive and/or when the assumption of point target is not valid; the original signal is considered to be corrupted by an MN process thus seriously aecting the recovery of the information-bearing frequency. The IF estimation of nonstationary signals corrupted by complex-valued zero-mean MN was investigated in this research. We have proposed a Second-Order Statistics approach, rather than a Higher-Order Statistics approach, for IF estimation using Time-Frequency Distributions (TFDs). The main assumption was that the autocorrelation function of the MN is real-valued but not necessarily positive (i.e. the spectrum of the MN is symmetric but does not necessary has the highest peak at zero frequency). The estimation performance was analyzed in terms of bias and variance, and compared between four dierent TFDs: Wigner-Ville Distribution, Spectrogram, Choi-Williams Distribution and Modified B Distribution. To further improve the estimation, we proposed to use the Multiple Signal Classification algorithm and showed its better performance. It was shown that the Modified B Distribution performance was the best for Signal-to-Noise Ratio less than 10dB. In the issue of signal separation, a new research direction called Blind Source Separation (BSS) has emerged over the last decade. BSS is a fundamental technique in array signal processing aiming at recovering unobserved signals or sources from observed mixtures exploiting only the assumption of mutual independence between the signals. The term "blind" indicates that neither the structure of the mixtures nor the source signals are known to the receivers. Applications of BSS are seen in, for example, radar and sonar, communications, speech processing, biomedical signal processing. In the case of nonstationary signals, a TF structure forcing approach was introduced by Belouchrani and Amin by defining the Spatial Time- Frequency Distribution (STFD), which combines both TF diversity and spatial diversity. The benefit of STFD in an environment of nonstationary signals is the direct exploitation of the information brought by the nonstationarity of the signals. A drawback of most BSS algorithms is that they fail to separate sources in situations where there are more sources than sensors, referred to as UBSS. The UBSS of nonstationary signals was investigated in this research. We have presented a new approach for blind separation of nonstationary sources using their TFDs. The separation algorithm is based on a vector clustering procedure that estimates the source TFDs by grouping together the TF points corresponding to "closely spaced" spatial directions. Simulations illustrate the performances of the proposed method for the underdetermined blind separation of FM signals. The method developed in this research represents a new research direction for solving the UBSS problem. The successful results obtained in the research development of the above two problems has led to a conclusion that TFSP is useful for WCom. Future research directions were also proposed.
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8

Alderson, Robert. "ADHD AND STOP-SIGNAL BEHAVIORAL INHIBITION: IS MEAN REACTION TIME CONTAMINATED BY EXPOSURE TO INTERMITTENT STOP-SIGNALS?" Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2464.

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The current study investigates two recently identified threats to the construct validity of behavioral inhibition as a core deficit of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on the Stop-signal task: calculation of mean reaction time from go-trials presented adjacent to intermittent stop-trials, and non-reporting of the stop-signal delay metric. Children with ADHD (n=12) and typically developing children (TD) (n=11) were administered the standard stop-signal task and three variant stop-signal conditions. These included a No-Tone condition administered without the presentation of an auditory tone; an Ignore-Tone condition that presented a neutral (i.e., not associated with stopping) auditory tone; and a second Ignore-Tone condition that presented a neutral auditory tone after the tone had been previously paired with stopping. Children with ADHD exhibited significantly slower and more variable reaction times to go-stimuli, and slower stop-signal reaction times (SSRT) relative to TD controls. Stop-signal delay (SSD) was not significantly different between groups, and both groups' go-trial reaction times slowed following meaningful tones. Collectively, these findings corroborate recent meta-analyses and indicate that previous findings of stop-signal performance deficits in ADHD reflect slower and more variable responding to visually presented stimuli and concurrent processing of a second stimulus, rather than deficits of motor behavioral inhibition.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD
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9

Alderson, Robert Matthew. "ADHD and stop-signal behavioral inhibition is mean reaction time contaminated by exposure to intermittent stop-signals? /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002218.

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10

T, N. Santhosh Kumar, K. Abdul Samad A, and M. Sarojini K. "DSP BASED SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT FOR REAL TIME PROCESSING OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTIC SIGNALS OF SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLES." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608530.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1995 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada
Measurement of vibration and acoustic signals at various locations in the launch vehicle is important to establish the vibration and acoustic environment encountered by the launch vehicle during flight. The vibration and acoustic signals are wideband and require very large telemetry bandwidth if directly transmitted to ground. The DSP based Signal Processing Unit is designed to measure and analyse acoustic and vibration signals onboard the launch vehicle and transmit the computed spectrum to ground through centralised baseband telemetry system. The analysis techniques employed are power spectral density (PSD) computations using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and 1/3rd octave analysis using digital Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters. The programmability of all analysis parameters is achieved using EEPROM. This paper discusses the details of measurement and analysis techniques, design philosophy, tools used and implementation schemes. The paper also presents the performance results of flight models.
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Books on the topic "Timer signals"

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Case, David Robert. Real-time signal processing of multi-path video signals. Salford: University of Salford, 1993.

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Curtis, Owen. Time-based coordination of traffic signals. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1985.

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Curtis, Owen. Time-based coordination of traffic signals. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1985.

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Curtis, Owen. Time-based coordination of traffic signals. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1985.

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Curtis, Owen. Time-based coordination of traffic signals. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1985.

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Curtis, Owen. Time-based coordination of traffic signals. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1985.

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Gordon, Robert L. Traffic signal retiming practices in the United States. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2010.

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Siebert, William McC. Circuits, signals, and systems. London: MIT Press, 1985.

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Circuits, signals, and systems. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1986.

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Signals and systems. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Timer signals"

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Keller, Reto B. "Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain." In Design for Electromagnetic Compatibility--In a Nutshell, 41–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14186-7_5.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces the transformation from time-domain to frequency-domain and vice versa. Electrical signals—periodic or nonperiodic—can be measured in the time-domain (e.g., with an oscilloscope) or in the frequency-domain (e.g., with a spectrum analyzer). This means that an electrical signal can be described either in the time- or frequency-domain. The time-domain representation helps you to determine the signal integrity (ringing, reflection). In contrast, the frequency-domain representation helps you to determine at which frequencies a signal potentially leads to radiated emissions.As an EMC design engineer and troubleshooter, it is crucial to understand the dependencies and relationship between the time-domain and the frequency-domain.
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Sundararajan, D. "Discrete-Time Signals." In Digital Signal Processing, 1–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62368-5_1.

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Gu, Guoxiang. "Signals and Systems." In Discrete-Time Linear Systems, 31–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2281-5_2.

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Müller, Werner A., Stephan Frings, and Frank Möhrlen. "Bioelektrische Signale." In Tier- und Humanphysiologie, 345–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43942-5_11.

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Müller, Werner A., Stephan Frings, and Frank Möhrlen. "Bioelektrische Signale." In Tier- und Humanphysiologie, 357–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58462-0_11.

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Schmal, Christoph, Gregor Mönke, and Adrián E. Granada. "Analysis of Complex Circadian Time Series Data Using Wavelets." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 35–54. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2249-0_3.

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AbstractExperiments that compare rhythmic properties across different genetic alterations and entrainment conditions underlie some of the most important breakthroughs in circadian biology. A robust estimation of the rhythmic properties of the circadian signals goes hand in hand with these discoveries. Widely applied traditional signal analysis methods such as fitting cosine functions or Fourier transformations rely on the assumption that oscillation periods do not change over time. However, novel high-resolution recording techniques have shown that, most commonly, circadian signals exhibit time-dependent changes of periods and amplitudes which cannot be captured with the traditional approaches. In this chapter we introduce a method to determine time-dependent properties of oscillatory signals, using the novel open-source Python-based Biological Oscillations Analysis Toolkit (pyBOAT). We show with examples how to detect rhythms, compute and interpret high-resolution time-dependent spectral results, analyze the main oscillatory component, and to subsequently determine these main components’ time-dependent instantaneous period, amplitude, and phase. We introduce step-by-step how such an analysis can be done by means of the easy-to-use point-and-click graphical user interface (GUI) provided by pyBOAT or executed within a Python programming environment. Concepts are explained using simulated signals as well as experimentally obtained time series.
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Weik, Martin H. "time signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1791. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_19670.

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Weik, Martin H. "time signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1791. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_19671.

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Sayood, Khalid. "Discrete Time Convolution." In Signals and Systems, 85–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02545-7_9.

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Sayood, Khalid. "Continuous Time Convolution." In Signals and Systems, 105–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02545-7_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Timer signals"

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Reverter, Ferran, and Manel Gasulla. "Timer-based Demodulator for AM Square Signals coming from Sensor Circuits." In 2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826994.

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Reverter, Ferran, and Manel Gasulla. "Using a Digital Timer to Demodulate AM Triangular Signals for Sensor Applications." In 2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128788.

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Sudars, Kaspars, Ivars Bilinskis, and Eugene Boole. "Adding complexity-reduced filtering of signals to functions of a high resolution Event Timer system." In 2015 25th International Conference Radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radioelek.2015.7128974.

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Wright, Hollie, Jinghua Sun, David McKendrick, Nick Weston, and Derryck T. Reid. "Two-Photon Dual-Comb LiDAR." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.ss1a.1.

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We demonstrate dual-comb LiDAR with two-photon detection at 1555 nm, achieving sub-100 nm precision in 3 seconds. The non-interferometric pulse-like signals enable a timer-based approach that reduces the data burden of dual-comb ranging by >10,000.
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Guindi, Emily, Laora Kerautret, Nour Eddine El Ouardi, and Stéphanie Dabic. "Effects of vibrotactile signals coupled with pressure detection or timer when interacting with a touch screen in automobile." In IHM '18: 30e Conférence Francophone sur l'Interaction Homme-Machine. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3286689.3286707.

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Campbell, Jake, Christopher G. Pretty, Jennifer Knopp, Phil Bones, and J. Geoffery Chase. "A Model for the Digital Method of Measuring LED Incident Photocurrent." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70651.

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Abstract Pulse oximeters and other light based sensor types are used to monitor arterial blood oxygen levels, heart rate, and much more that rely on LEDs and photodiodes. The conventional method of using photodiodes to detect light signals is accurate, but requires relatively expensive hardware processing to extract the signal. Digital sensing of light using an LED provides a low-cost alternative by using a voltage threshold timing method. However, the accuracy of this method is dependant on the microcontroller clock speed and suffers from variable sample rate (100 us to 10 ms). This paper develops a model for a digital light sensing method using only a microcontroller’s ADC and timer, and an LED. Using the voltage discharge curve of a reverse biased LED, the sensor is capable of accurately detecting light intensities ranging from 0–3885 mcd at a sample period of 500 us. A linear relationship was found through the incident light intensity ranges of 0 to 3880 mcd. The model fit the expected experimental values, with an estimated photocurrent ranging from 10 pA to 55 nA. With an R2 of 0.9997, the model demonstrates the digital sensing method linearly responds to incident light intensity and can simplify the design of pulse oximeters and similar light based sensor types.
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Li, Wei, Guang Dai, Ying Zhang, Feifei Long, and Yanru Wang. "Empirical Mode Decomposition of AE Signal Processing Based on Hilbert-Huang Transformation." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77001.

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In this paper a new signal processing method of Hilbert-Huang transform is applied to analyze AE lead-breaking signals and loaded concrete AE signals. Empirical model of decomposition (EMD) and cubic interpolation were used in AE signals analysis which was based on the local characteristic time scale. After the decomposition inherent model function (IMF) can effectively preserve non-linear and non-stationary features of signals during the processing. Meanwhile, noises of signals were eliminated by using multi-dimension filter property of EMD. The above two signal’s IMF can be clearly shown on a time-frequency vs. energy distribution spectrum and marginal spectrum by Hilbert-Huang transformation. The results show that HHT can efficiently reflecting the intrinsic properties of signals. Besides, HHT method, which is more adaptive than other methods, had a bigger superiority in adaptability and frequency concentration, and it has batter localization property and visual result of the time-frequency domain.
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Cong, Jiqing, Jianping Jing, Changmin Chen, Zezeng Dai, and Jianhua Cheng. "Joint Wavelet Transform and Time Synchronous Averaging Source Separation Method and its Application on Aero-Engine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14278.

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Abstract The reliability and safety of aero-engine are often the decisive factors for the safe and reliable flight of commercial aircraft. Hence, the vibration source location and fault diagnosis of aero-engine are of prime importance to detect faults and carry out fast and effective maintenance in time. However, the vibration signals collected by the sensors arranged on the casing of the aero-engine are generally the mixed signals of the main vibration sources inside the engine, and the components are extremely complicated. Therefore, the vibration source identification is a big challenge for a fault diagnosis and health management of the engine. In order to separate the key vibration sources of rotating machinery such as aero-engine, a Joint Wavelet Transform and Time Synchronous Averaging based algorithm (JWTS) is proposed in this paper. Based on the fact that the fundamental frequency and its harmonic and sub-harmonic components are generally included in the vibration spectrum of shaft fault signal of rotating machinery, wavelet transform and time synchronous averaging algorithm are combined to extract them. The algorithm completes separating the main vibration sources with three steps. First, the source number and fundamental frequency of each source are estimated using the wavelet transform. Second, every source is extracted from each observed signal by the time synchronous averaging method. Time synchronous averaging method can effectively extract a signal of cycle and harmonic rotor components and can suppress noise. Third, the optimal estimation of each source is determined according to signal’s 2-norm. Since the extracted source with a larger energy is closer to the real source, and signal’s 2-norm is a good indicator of the signal energy. Hence, the key vibration sources related to rotary speeds of the engine are obtained separately. The method is verified by synthetic mixed signals first. Three periodic signals of different frequencies are used to simulate the vibration sources of the aeroengine. The fundamental, harmonic and sub-harmonic components of them, as well as Gaussian white noise, are randomly mixed. The results show that the JWTS algorithm can estimate the number of the main sources and can extract each source effectively. Then the method is demonstrated using vibration signals of a real aero-engine. The results indicate that the proposed JWTS method has extracted and located the main sources within the aero-engine, including sources from the low-pressure rotor, high-pressure rotor, combustion chamber and accessory. Therefore, the proposed method provides a new fault diagnosis technology for rotating machinery, especially for a real aero-engine.
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Koriesh, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmoud Elwan, Eman Shahin, Ali Basyouni, Hamdy Soliman, Osama Okasha, Mohamed Saleh, and Frank Heaney. "Unlocking Oil Reserves from Inaccessible Platforms Utilising DSL (First Implementation in Egypt)." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211227-ms.

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Abstract Offshore Oil accounts for 30% of the world's liquid hydrocarbon production. As offshore platforms age, as is the case with some of the production facilities in the Gulf of Suez, these structures will have a increased load restriction, which makes it difficult to perform simple interventions, and forces the operator to deploy a Jackup rig or do a barge assisted operation. Some identified opportunities are not performed due to the high cost and the inherent subsurface uncertainty with brownfield assets. An alternative solution is a new generation intervention tool that allows signal transmission on conventional slickline wire. Real-time slickline (DSL) perforations use a unique technology to allow signal transmission on a standard slickline. The technology uses downhole battery-powered telemetry embedded in the downhole tool string. A radio-frequency (RF) antenna installed below the stuffing box is responsible for sending & receiving RF signals through the wire. The wire is coated with a proprietary engineered coating to ensure quality signal transmission and protects against corrosive wellbore fluids. The technology allows real-time depth correlation, pressure, temperature & vibration measurements while perforating. Moreover, the technology offers on-command explosive triggering, which improves safety over the older memory/timer version. Real-time slickline perforating was successfully introduced in the Gulf of Suez, accessing two platforms with structure load weight limitations that could not accept a conventional e-line unit. The optimized weight of digital slickline equipment was only 8 tons, compared to 35 Tons for e-line. Two wells were successfully perforated on two different platforms, adding 1200 BOPD at 10% of the rig-assisted intervention cost. The real-time slickline deployment enhanced the intervention efficiency and saved $950,000 in operating expenses. In addition to the successful deployment of several perforation runs without operational problems, the additional capabilities of DSL for surface readout (SRO) pressure & temperature data allowed the operator to optimize the time on the platform and maximize efficiency. The ability to add feedthrough jars to the string helped complete one job when the tool BHA struggled to get into the tubing after perforation. This capability is not available in conventional E-line. Real-time slickline (DSL) operations are the next generation for rigless interventions providing access to wells that e-line could not cost-effectively intervene and complete this task at a much lower cost.
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Ou, Hui, John S. Allen, and Vassilis L. Syrmos. "Underwater Target Recognition Using Time-Frequency Analysis and Elliptical Fuzzy Clustering Classifications." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80211.

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A novel underwater target recognition approach has been developed based on the use of Wigner-type Time-Frequency (TF) analysis and the elliptical Gustafson-Kessel (GK) clustering algorithm. This method is implemented for the acoustic backscattered signals of the targets, and more precisely from the examination of echo formation mechanisms in the TF plane. For each of the training signals, we generate a clustering distribution which represents the signal’s TF characteristics by a small number of clusters. A feature template is created by combining the clustering distributions for the signals from the same training target. In the classification process, we calculate the clustering distribution of the test signal and compare it with the feature templates. The target is discriminated in terms of the best match of the clustering pattern. The advantages of GK clustering are that it allows elliptical-shaped clusters, and it automatically adjusts their shapes according to the distribution of the TF feature patterns. The recognition scheme has been applied to discriminate four spherical shell targets filled with different fluids. The data sets are the simulated acoustic responses from these targets, including the interferences caused by the seafloor interaction. [J. A. Fawcett, W. L. J. Fox, and A. Maguer, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 104, 3296–3304 (1998)]. To evaluate the system robustness, white Gaussian noise is added to the acoustic responses. More than 95% of correct classification is obtained for high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and it is maintained around 70% for very low SNRs.
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Reports on the topic "Timer signals"

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Smith, Jijo K., Howell Li, and Darcy M. Bullock. Populating SAE J2735 Message Confidence Values for Traffic Signal Transitions Along a Signalized Corridor. Purdue University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317322.

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The communication between connected vehicles and traffic signal controllers is defined in SAE Surface Vehicle Standard J2735. SAE J2735 defines traffic signal status messages and a series of 16 confidence levels for traffic signal transitions. This paper discusses a statistical method for tabulating traffic signal data by phase and time of day and populating the SAE J2735 messages. Graphical representation of the red-green and green-yellow transitions are presented from six intersections along a 4-mile corridor for five different time of day timing plans. The case study provided illustrates the importance of characterizing the stochastic variation of traffic signals to understand locations, phases, and time of day when traffic indications operate with high predictability, and periods when there are large variations in traffic signal change times. Specific cases, such as low vehicle demand and occasional actuation of pedestrian phases are highlighted as situations that may reduce the predictability of traffic signal change intervals. The results from this study also opens up discussion among transportation professionals on the importance of consistent tabulation of confidence values for both beginning and end of green signal states. We believe this paper will initiate dialog on how to consistently tabulate important data elements transmitted in SAE J2735 and perhaps refine those definitions. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of traffic engineers and connected vehicle developers to work together to develop shared visions on traffic signal change characteristics so that the in-vehicle use cases and human-machine interface (HMI) meet user expectations.
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Martinez, Kimberly D., and Gaojian Huang. Exploring the Effects of Meaningful Tactile Display on Perception and Preference in Automated Vehicles. Mineta Transportation Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2164.

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There is an existing issue in human-machine interaction, such that drivers of semi-autonomous vehicles are still required to take over control of the vehicle during system limitations. A possible solution may lie in tactile displays, which can present status, direction, and position information while avoiding sensory (e.g., visual and auditory) channels overload to reliably help drivers make timely decisions and execute actions to successfully take over. However, limited work has investigated the effects of meaningful tactile signals on takeover performance. This study synthesizes literature investigating the effects of tactile displays on takeover performance in automated vehicles and conducts a human-subject study to design and test the effects of six meaningful tactile signal types and two pattern durations on drivers’ perception and performance during automated driving. The research team performed a literature review of 18 articles that conducted human-subjects experiments on takeover performance utilizing tactile displays as takeover requests. Takeover performance in these studies were highlighted, such as response times, workload, and accuracy. The team then conducted a human-subject experiment, which included 16 participants that used a driving simulator to present 30 meaningful vibrotactile signals, randomly across four driving sessions measuring for reaction times (RTs), interpretation accuracy, and subjective ratings. Results from the literature suggest that tactile displays can present meaningful vibrotactile patterns via various in-vehicle locations to help improve drivers’ performance during the takeover and can be used to assist in the design of human-machine interfaces (HMI) for automated vehicles. The experiment yielded results illustrating higher urgency patterns were associated with shorter RTs and higher intuitive ratings. Also, pedestrian status and headway reduction signals presented shorter RTs and increased confidence ratings compared to other tactile signal types. Finally, the signal types that yielded the highest accuracy were the surrounding vehicle and navigation signal types. Implications of these findings may lie in informing the design of next-generation in-vehicle HMIs and future human factors studies on human-automation interactions.
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Baras, John S., and Anthony LaVigna. Real Time Sequential Detection for Diffusion Signals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada444289.

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Lipsett, J. J., R. D. Noble, and D. D. S. Liu. Time series analysis of gamma densitometry signals. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302665.

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Porter, William A. Nonlinear Real-Time Signal Processing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada222889.

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Johnston, Brooks. Time-frequency analysis of synthetic aperture radar signals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/420387.

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Liu, K. J., Dianne P. O'Leary, G. W. Stewart, and Yuan-Jye Wu. An ESPRIT Algorithm for Tracking Time-Varying Signals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada445553.

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Young, Derek P., Neil Jacklin, Ratish J. Punnoose, and David T. Counsil. Time reversal signal processing for communication. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1030259.

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Quatieri, Thomas F., Robert B. Dunn, Robert J. McAulay, and Thomas E. Hanna. Time-Scale Modification of Complex Acoustic Signals in Noise. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada277535.

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Cheung, A. C., C. K. Chui, and A. K. Chan. Real-Time Detection of Transient Signals Using Spline-Wavelets. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada254095.

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