Dissertations / Theses: 'Time-use'

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Chetthamrongchai, Paitoon. "Time orientation and time use in shopping." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496483.

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Previous work on shopping behaviour can be catergorised into three themes. Work has been done to identify different motivations for shopping, developing the original thinking of Stone, (1954) and Tauber, (1972). Work has been done on retail patronage, examining shopping behaviour from the image promoted by retailers, building upon the original work of Matineau, (1958) and Lindquist, (1974). A third body of work, somewhat less coherent, contains a collection of different models of patronage, the most relevant here being that concerned with retail location, based on the work of Huff, (1964) and Christall and Loch, (1930) where patronage is seen to decline with distance. This thesis draws mainly from the perspective in the first theme. It takes as its starting point the concept of the individual being an allocator of time as well as money. People are seen as being motivated in their allocation of time to activities such as shopping by their time orientation. This in tum creates different attitudes to shopping which influences shopping behaviour. Previous work on time attitude and shopping behaviour has tended to emphasise solely time pressure and time saving as being linked (Berry, 1979), although others have seen time orientation as more complex (Gronmo, 1989 and Graham, 1981). A framework is developed that links attitude to time to attitude to shopping and then to actual shopping behaviour. The main contribution from the thesis is in the development and testing ofthis framework. 12 Attitudes to time are claimed to be culture specific (Graham, 1981 and Sheth and Hirshman, 1987) and so the framework is tested in two countries, Britain and Thailand. A questionnaire was developed to measure time attitude, shopping attitude and shopping behaviour in the context of food shopping. This was applied in Blackburn and Bangkok. Factor analysis is used to identify time and shopping attitudes. These are correlated with shopping behaviour specifically time spent shopping, shopping frequency, time of the day used for shopping and the patronage of individual outlets. Cluster analysis is used based upon the time and shopping factors to identify four market segments in each country. Comparisons are made between the results from each study. Although the results contain certain similarities, there are also significant differences that may be linked to differences in attitudes to time between the two countries. The main conclusion from the research is that the time perspective is useful in understanding consumer psychology and patronage behaviour. The results show that time orientation plays an important role in segmenting consumer markets. There are a number of theoretical and practical implications. The conceptualisation of time attitude being linked to patronage behaviour makes a significant contribution to marketing theory. The thesis shows that time orientation and shopping motivation are valuable dimensions in understanding consumer shopping behaviour.

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K, Spasichenko, Agieieva Galyna, Спасіченко Катерина, Агєєва Галина Миколаївна, Спасиченко Екатерина, and Агеева Галина Николаевна. "Creating holiday time use." Thesis, Київський національний університет будівництва і архітектури, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/31293.

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Annually, in September, thousands of Hasidic Jews from different countries of the world arrive in Ukraine, carrying a pilgrimage to the grave of the riba Nakhman in Uman, Cherkassy region, and celebrating the New Year (Rosh-a-Shana). The short-term stay of the Hasidic Jews in Ukraine requires solving a number of problems, including residential ones. International airports (Boryspil, Vinnitsa, Lviv, Odessa, Kherson), checkpoints (Krakovets, Mogilev-Podilsky) work according to special programs. Problems in finding and renting housing, ensuring public order protection, sanitary hygiene, trade organization, catering, etc. are intensifying in the city of Uman. For a partial solution of the housing problem, it is proposed to build a hotel complex, the so-called "town for Hasidim".
Щорічно в вересні місяці в Україну прибувають багатотисячні групи євреїв-хасидів із різних країн світу, які здійснюють паломництво до могили ребе Нахмана в м.Умань Черкаської області та святкують Новий рік (Рош-а-Шана). Короткострокове перебування євреїв-хасидів в Україні потребує вирішення низки проблем, в т. ч. житлових. Міжнародні аеропорті (Бориспіль, Вінниця, Львів, Одеса, Херсон), пункти пропуску (Краковець, Могилев-Подільський) працюють за особливими програмами. В м.Умань загострюються проблеми пошуку та оренди житла, забезпечення охорони громадського порядку, санітарної гігієни, організації торгівлі, харчування та ін. Для часткового вирішення житлової проблеми пропонується побудувати готельний комплекс, так зване «містечко для хасидів».

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Hirschi, Rebecca. "Adolescents' Use of Discretionary Time: A Time Use Study of the Central Utah Area." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1995. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,13991.

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Scheffel, Juliane. "How Germans use their time." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16376.

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Diese Dissertation besteht aus vier Aufsätzen, die zur empirischen Literatur der Allokation der Arbeitszeit beitragen. Der erste Artikel untersucht die Wechselbeziehung zwischen Arbeit und Sozialleben von Paaren und untersucht die Synchronisation der Arbeitszeiten. Ein neuer Analyseansatz wird vorgeschlagen, der es ermöglicht, den durchschnittlichen Einfluss der Arbeitsbedingungen der deutschen Bevölkerung auf die Allokation der Freizeit zu bestimmen. Der zweite Aufsatz untersucht, ob Arbeit zu unüblichen Bedingungen gemäß der Theorie kompensierender Lohndifferentiale durch höhere Löhne entlohnt wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass solche Arbeiter 9--10 Prozent höhere Stundenlöhne erhalten. Diese Zuschläge haben einen u-förmigen Verlauf über die Einkommensverteilung für Schichtarbeiter. Die Ausrichtung der Analyse auf monetäre Kompensation solcher Arbeitsbedingungen, vernachlässigt mögliche adverse Auswirkungen auf das Sozialleben und die Gesundheit. Der dritte Artikel untersucht daher nicht-pekuniäre Aspekte. Freizeit wird in solchen Jobs zu einem höheren Anteil allein verbracht, was sich negativ auf das Wohlbefinden auswirken kann, da der Grenznutzen der Freizeit sinkt. Die drastischen Auswirkungen dieser Arbeit zieht ein erhöhtes Risiko auf den mentalen und physischen Gesundheitszustand mit sich, der sich aus einer signifikant niedrigeren Schlafallokation ergibt. Besonders betroffen sind ältere Arbeitnehmer, die eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit haben, diesen Arbeitsbedingungen schon über einen längeren Zeitraum ausgesetzt zu sein. Abschließend untersucht der vierte Aufsatz den kausalen Zugewinn auf die elterliche Zeit mit Kindern, den Arbeitnehmer durch mehr zeitliche Arbeitsflexibilität erreichen. Gleitzeitregelungen erlauben es Müttern somit, etwa 30 Prozent mehr ihrer verfügbaren Zeit mit ihren Kindern zu verbringen. Zeitliche Flexibilität kann somit die adversen Effekte der Beschäftigung von Müttern auf die kognitive Entwicklung ihrer Kinder abmildert.
This thesis consists of four essays that contribute to the empirical literature of the allocation of market work. The first essay studies the interrelation between working schedules and social life of couples by investigating the synchronization of schedules. A novel approach is proposed that allows for a determination of the average impact of working conditions of the German population on the allocation of leisure. From these findings, couple-specific conclusions concerning the active synchronization of schedules can be drawn. The second essay is devoted to empirically testing the assumption of compensating wage differentials predicting that work at non-standard hours shall be compensated by higher wage rates. The results suggest 9--10 percent higher hourly wage rates. Wage premia are U-shaped across the earnings distribution for shift workers. Since the focus on monetary compensation of such working condition neglects potential adverse consequences on the worker''s social life and individual health, the third essay explores such non-pecuniary aspects. Such jobs entail significantly higher levels of solitary leisure which is likely to adversely affect the worker''s well-being by reducing the marginal utility of leisure. The more severe consequence of work at undesirable hours is the augmented risk to physical and mental health which arises from the significantly lower allocation of time to sleep. In particular older workers who are potentially exposed to such working conditions over a longer time horizon bear the highest risks. Finally, the fourth essay studies the causal gain from temporal work flexibility on parental time with children. Flexitime arrangements allow mothers to spend 30 percent more of their disposable time on childcare. The results are generalizable to Germany as a whole. The paper provides empirical support for the importance of temporal work flexibility on mitigating adverse effects of maternal employment on the child''s cognitive development.

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Oliver, Gwen. "Fathers' time use : working time arrangements and opportunites for care." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500494.

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Lukez, Paul 1958. "Form, finance, and use over time." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76154.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis is about making buildings affordable. It will explore thinking of buildings as being comprised of nearly decomposable systems of different lifespans. A nearly decomposable system is a system in which the links and relationships between the elements of it are stronger than its relationships to the elements of other systems. Nearly decomposable systems are subsystems of larger systems in which the interactions between subsystems are weak but not negligible. The four nearly decomposable systems of a building to be considered in this thesis will include: the structure, the exterior envelope, the interior, and the furniture. Each system will be analyzed according to the input it requires and the output that it provides the other, both initially and overtime. Each decomposable building system can be associated with different users: tenants, owners, investors, or others, depending on what the building requires of the users and on the ability to meet those requirements. Each decomposable system can be financed by a different financier or with a different financial mechanism. Similarly the input and output of the financial system both initially and over time wiN be analyzed . My intent in doing so is to match the user with that building system which meets the user's needs while staying within the constraints of the financial system. An analysis of the input and output of each system will be followed by a description of an economic model which was created with the intent of modelling the relationships between the three systems as they are played out in the average priced American house. Several strategies are superimposed on the model to demonstrate ways in which the affordability gap can be closed.
by Paul Lukez.
M.Arch.

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Williams, C. Lewis. "Sunday Time Use Among LDS Adolescents." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2809.

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The purpose of this study was to examine a sample of LDS (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) adolescents from 9th - 12th grade to analyze how they spend their time on a given Sunday. The intent of the paper was to determine if adolescent time use was influenced by such independent variable as gender, age, living arrangements, work, school, perceptions of their family, and what time of the day the youth attend Sunday meetings on a specific Sunday. A questionnaire was given to 272 students who attend released school time seminary at a particular high school in Utah. Each student in the sample provided information relative to themselves and their family. They also provided information as to what they mostly did during 15 minute increments for a 24 hour period starting at midnight Saturday night and going through midnight on Sunday night. They were given 28 different items of time use common to adolescents and then were asked to determine what they did most during each 15 minute increment on the Sunday being examined. Simultaneously another similar study was being performed by another graduate student, at an alternative high school in the same area as this study, and the same questions concerning time usage were asked. Some of the most striking differences in time usage were that the alternative high school students spent far less time attending church and doing homework for school, and much more time working for paid employment, socializing with their friends, and using drugs and alcohol. Some of the most significant findings of the study include: 1) males spent considerably more time watching TV and videos, hanging out, cruising and being with friends, working, and playing athletics whereas the females spent more time with personal grooming, talking on the phone and studying school assignments, 2) the time of day when church meetings were held did not influence significantly now when church meetings were held did not alter significantly the number who attended their Sunday meetings, and 3) the perceived degree of family strengths held by the youth did not alter significantly how they spent their Sunday time. Other significant findings include: 4) those youth over 16 spent more time with friends out of the home, less time watching TV and videos, and more time doing paid employment on Sunday, 5) youth who live with both parents spent more time doing school assignments and attending church meetings and 6) those adolescents who work on Sunday spent an average of almost two and a half hours working on Sunday, and they watched TV and videos more and spent less time with their family.

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Soares, Henrique de Brito Aranha Machado. "Going with the wind: the time for time-of-use tariffs." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9619.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
This work project consists on the proposal of a product/service – Variable Time of Use Tariff – to enhance the innovativeness of the portfolio of EDP Comercial. This product/service is dependent on the simultaneous use of a smart meter, a home energy manager and a set of smart domestic appliances. To sustain my proposal I resorted to data about the wind energy, the use of smart meters together with time of use tariffs and the general characteristics of tariff structures in Europe. A SWOT analysis follows the description of the product/service, with one threat and one opportunity standing as major issues. The feasibility of the implementation of the tariff I propose depends entirely the future of these two factors, thus making this work project a future looking one.

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Chang, Artemis C. F. "Time in groups :\bgroup development, time management, appraised structured use of time, and group effectiveness /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16095.pdf.

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Rosales, Salas Jorge Agustín. "Time use modeling: towards an extended framework." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137493.

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Doctor en Sistemas de Ingeniería
En esta tesis se expande el entendimiento del rol del tiempo en el análisis del comportamiento de los individuos. Primero se sistematiza, organiza y clasifica la literatura de modelamiento de uso de tiempo. Luego, se analiza el rol del periodo de análisis en la valoración del uso del tiempo. Finalmente, se explora el rol de nuevas variables en el análisis de la asignación de tiempo de los individuos, formulando y estimando un modelo extendido que considera información sobre la contratación de agentes externos para realizar ciertas actividades (e.g. cuidado de niños). En términos de la revisión de la literatura de uso de tiempo, se resumen, analizan y examinan diferentes formas de ver esta literatura: por disciplina, contexto histórico y tipo de análisis. En la última categoría, se extiende la exploración hacia el modelamiento. En esta revisión se concluye que la interacción entre disciplinas es casi inexistente, lo que limita la formulación, el poder explicativo y la interpretación de los modelos actuales. Esta poca colaboración conlleva a una línea investigativa basada en las complementariedades potenciales entre perspectivas para resolver las desventajas de los modelos existentes. Además se detectó la necesidad de un análisis adecuado de la información para estimar modelos de uso de tiempo. Se estudia posteriormente la duración apropiada de los diarios temporales como una fuente de información de uso de tiempo. Se analizan diferentes dimensiones, como la calidad de información, duración y variabilidad de actividades, y capacidades de modelación, usando nueve encuestas europeas detalladas basadas en diarios de siete días. Se construyen pseudo-diarios de un día, dos días (un día laboral, un día de fin de semana) y tres días (un día laboral, ambos días de fin de semana) para complementar el análisis de estos aspectos, seleccionando la información de diarios de siete días como base. Los resultados comparativos muestran que encuestas dos y tres días ponderados parecen ser una alternativa adecuada de la información obtenida en encuestas semanales que capturan un ciclo trabajo-ocio básico. Dado el análisis del periodo de información y la revisión sistemática de modelos de uso de tiempo, se presenta un modelo extendido de asignación y valoración del tiempo. Se formula y estima un modelo con la introducción explícita del tiempo de otros individuos, llámese un agente externo para realizar ciertas actividades sin que se pierda su valor intrínseco, i.e. actividades productivas, en este caso, cuidado de niños. Se computan los valores del tiempo usando tres bases de datos semanales holandesas de uso de tiempo y consumo. Además, se comparan los resultados con aquellos de dos formulaciones anteriores que no incluyen esta novedad. Los modelos actuales entregan valores del ocio y trabajo más altos que los valores del tiempo que incluyen la posibilidad de contratar agentes externos para el cuidado de niños. Esta sobreestimación de los valores del tiempo es menor para el modelo donde el cuidado de niños es considerado una actividad irrestricta con gastos no comprometidos. Finalmente, se comparan los resultados del nuevo modelo con aquellos de una sub-muestra de los mismos individuos en todas las encuestas. Los resultados no muestran diferencias significativas en los valores del ocio y trabajo.

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Musingarabwi, Steffanie. "Time-use and wellbeing in Onesi, Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22722.

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Men's and women's time-use in relation to wellbeing is well-investigated and understood within the context of the developed world. There has been limited research into the gendered experiences of time-use and three dimensional (3D) wellbeing in rural communities of sub-Saharan Africa and particularly so in semi-arid areas. As a result, failure to appreciate how time-use and wellbeing are experienced by the rural population in semi-arid areas impedes a full understanding of how rural inhabitants spend their time and how this makes them worse off or better off in different aspects of their wellbeing. This subsequently challenges the appropriateness of efforts to improve the lived experience of rural inhabitants. The study aimed to make a contribution to the knowledge gap on time-use and wellbeing by assessing how time-use relates to the experiences of material, subjective and relational aspects of wellbeing in a semi-arid area. It hypothesised that if men and women who are household-heads spend their time-use differently this has implications on their experiences of material, subjective and relational wellbeing. The study adopted a quantitative approach to primary data collection, analysis and interpretation of results. A questionnaire survey consisting of 93 randomly selected male and female headed households was conducted using stratified sampling techniques. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software including regression analysis and statistical tests (Mann Witney U test) from which descriptive and statistical results were presented in tables and graphs following regression analysis. The study yielded several findings including the importance of personal care for improved subjective wellbeing despite the trade-off with material wellbeing; the importance of age and social grants for ensuring a better experience of material wellbeing; the importance of social connections particularly for widows and widowers; as well as the significance of time spent on leisure and work-outside for improving relational wellbeing. In addition, women's disproportionally high time spent on domestic work leaves them feeling subjectively worse-off while the persistence of traditional gender role division seems to have a determining effect on the time-use and wellbeing experiences of household-heads in the study area. Overall, the study highlights time-use related opportunities and constraints for improving the wellbeing of rural inhabitants in Onesi, Namibia.

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Huang, Sharon. "Time use study of urban school psychologists." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3047.

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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Counseling and Personnel Services. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Hallberg, Daniel Klevmarken Anders Johansson Per. "Essays on household behavior and time-use /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Uppsala University, 2002. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy042/2003504326.html.

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Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala universitet, 2002.
"Essay 2 (with Anders Klevmarken) ... Essay 4 (with Per Johansson)"--Abstract. Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

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Ahles, Laura Marie. "Beginning Teachers' Experiences and Use of Time." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1280.

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New teachers in a southeast Texas school district are having difficulty using their time effectively for instruction while balancing a multitude of tasks. New work responsibilities for teachers are contributing to teacher burnout and early attrition. The purpose of this study was to examine new teachers and administrators perceptions of novice teacher practices and their daily use of time. Apple s theory of intensification was used as the conceptual framework for this study. A case study design was employed to answer research questions regarding how procedures and policies affect teachers time, teacher perceptions about prior experiences with managing multiple responsibilities, and how administrators can best support new teachers at work. Data were collected from 5 novice teachers and 2 administrators using open-ended researcher-designed questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and time diaries. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and coding to develop 3 major themes defining the needs and challenges for beginning teachers: time management, mentorship, and administrative support. A 3-day professional development project was created for new teachers and administrators to both educate beginning teachers about prioritizing tasks and effective time management and to reinforce the need for administrators to participate in induction practices. Providing induction training would enhance new teacher orientation week without adding to the regular school year workload of novice teachers. It is hoped that by training novice teachers and administrators to use teacher time effectively, positive social change could be accomplished by reducing teacher burnout and increasing new teacher retention, resulting in improved teaching and learning in the target school district.

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Hahn, Sarah J. "Caring for a person with dementia: Exploring time use with time diary methodology." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1344349764.

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Taylor, Maria Elena. "Time an indicator of development, introducing a time-use module into household surveys." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22812.pdf.

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Prodromidis, Prodromos-Ioannis. "Female time-use in late 20th century Britain." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324235.

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Cassingham, Dorothy Jean. "Day-Specific Time Use by Under-Achieving Adolescents." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2461.

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The data for this study were obtained in October 1989 through the use of a 128-item questionnaire given to students attending an alternative high school in Ogden, Utah. The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale was included as part of the questionnaire. A total of 166 usable questionnaires were received from the students. The objectives of this research were to determine if relationships between self-esteem, race, gender, and religion and time use could be detected in at-risk adolescents. The data collected indicate that self-esteem, religion, gender, and race have only slight significance upon the self-reported time use of the alternative high school student. The alternative high school students came from multiple economic and social backgrounds but were quite homogeneous in their perceptions about Sunday and in their activities on Sunday. Statistical significance was noted in the comparisons of self-esteem and gender to self-reported time use. Those students with high self-esteem viewed Sunday more as a day of little or no accomplishment than those with low self-esteem. Gender appears to influence how time is spent, as significant differences were found in the amount of TV watched by boys ad girls as well as in time spent goofing off and in preparing and eating meals. Comparisons between members of the two dominant religions, Catholicism and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, produced no statistical significance regarding religion and Sunday self-reported time use. Comparisons between students of the two dominant races, Caucasian and Hispanic, produced no statistical significance regarding race and Sunday self-reported time use.

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Plant, Dianne B. "Husbands' time use in Virginia families, 1978 and 1986." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43269.

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The purpose of this research was to examine changes in demographic information and time use patterns over an eight year time period for husbands in Roanoke area families. The information was used to create profiles of three subsamples in the study. Husband’s time use was recorded for both weekend and weekdays in 1978 and 1986. The men were analyzed as a whole and then broken down into three age cohorts so that they could be "tracked" over the eight year period. Analysis of variance and t-tests were used to determine significant differences in time use patterns. Descriptive statistics provided information on demographic changes that occurred. Demographic changes included increases in age, family income, size of homes, education, and hours of employment of both husband and wife. Appliance ownership increased with a specific increase of 78% in microwave oven ownership. Change in use of outside help over the years was most evident in the decrease in help with child care and the increase in help with housecleaning. Changes in time use included increases in employment hours and decreases in household work time, nonwork (leisure) time, and personal maintenance time. Within the category use were physical husbands of household work, significant decreases in time found in both weekend and weekday samples in care of other family members. On weekdays, grouped as a whole, spent significantly less time in household work and eating. On weekend days, significantly less time was spent in physical care of other family members by all husbands, while the middle aged group of husbands spent significantly less time in nonphysical care of other family members.
Master of Science

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Olausson, Oskar. "Usability of Chatbots in Firs tand Second Time Use." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-163971.

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People interact through language and conversation everyday, children learn from an early age to express a variety of intents and responses in an understandable way. But the interaction form most commonly used in systems today is nothing like this. Instead, it is dominated by interactions such as button presses, scrolling, drag and drop, swipe gestures etc. What benefits and drawbacks can be observed when transforming such an application to one where users can use their natural inclination towards conversation to converse directly with the system. This exploratory study compares the usability of a conversational interaction form against the 'de facto'-standard that has a point and click interface. To assess usability differences, a chatbot prototype was designed and implemented. The prototype was developed in partnership with the consulting company Knowit and one of the leading Swedish clothing retailers. This prototype was subsequently tested against the clothing retailer's current application. The two interaction strategies were compared for usability for first and second time use. The results show some self reported usability differences in second time use favouring the chatbot prototype.

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Cheng, Junheng. "Multi-criteria batch scheduling under time-of-use tariffs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE035.

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L'industrie est le plus grand consommateur d'énergie dans le monde et la majeure partie de sa consommation est électrique. Pour moduler la consommation et équilibrer les périodes creuses et de pic, les producteurs d'électricité dans de nombreux pays pratiquent une tarification différenciée, en anglais "time-of-use (TOU) policy", afin d’encourager les industriels et les particuliers à adapter leur consommation. Cette stratégie incite les gros consommateurs industriels, en particulier le secteur semi-conducteur où la fabrication se fait souvent par lots, à réduire leurs factures d’électricité en adaptant leur production.Dans ce travail, nous étudions plusieurs problèmes d’ordonnancement de production par lots avec tarification différenciée d'électricité. Nous nous intéressons d’abord à l’ordonnancement d’une machine par lots pour minimiser le coût total d’électricité et le makespan. Le deuxième problème étudié généralise le premier en considérant le coût d’électricité pendant les périodes inactives de la machine telles que les périodes de réglage ou d'attente. Enfin, nous traitons l’ordonnancement sur machines parallèles par lots avec des pièces non identiques. Pour chacun de ces problèmes, nous construisons des modèles mathématiques appropriés, et évaluons sa complexité. Pour la résolution, nous proposons plusieurs méthodes de ɛ-contrainte dans lesquelles des sous-problèmes sont transformés en problèmes de sac-à-doc, de sacs-à-doc multiples et ou de bin packing. Nous développons aussi une méthode itérative à deux étapes. Les performances des méthodes développées sont évaluées à l'aide d'un grand nombre d'instances représentatives générées au hasard. Les résultats numériques montrent l'efficacité de ces méthodes par rapport au logiciel commercial CPLEX
The industrial sector is the largest consumer of the world's total energy and most of its consumption form is electricity. To strengthen the grid's peak load regulation ability, time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing policy has been implemented in many countries to encourage electricity users to shift their consumption from on-peak periods to off-peak periods. This strategy provides a good opportunity for manufacturers to reduce their energy bills, especially for energy-intensive ones, where batch scheduling is often involved. In this thesis, several bi-objective batch scheduling problems under TOU tariffs are studied. We first investigate a single machine batch scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with the objectives of minimizing total electricity cost and makespan. This primary work is extended by further considering machine on/off switching. Finally, a parallel batch machines scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with non-identical job sizes to minimize total electricity cost and number of enabled machines is studied. For each of the considered problems, appropriate mathematical models are established, their complexities are demonstrated. Different bi-objective resolution methods are developed, including knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, multiple knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, bin packing heuristic based ɛ-constraint method and two-stage heuristic based iterative search algorithm. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated by randomly generated instances. Extensive numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are more efficient and/or effective for the studied problems than the commercial software CPLEX

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DeVoe, Sanford E. "When time is money : the effect of organizational practices on the evaluation and use of time /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Mackenzie, Todd. "The use of markers to enhance time-to-event analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ37001.pdf.

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MacKenzie, Todd. "The use of markers to enhance time-to-event analysis /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34660.

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During the course of follow-up studies designed to assess the time to an event of interest, longitudinal variables are usually monitored. These longitudinal variables are often prognostic and, as such, are a potential rich source of information regarding the true time-to-event of censored subjects. In this thesis I propose methodology that uses information from markers, these longitudinal prognostic variables, to enhance inference on (i) parametric time-to-event models, (ii) semi-parametric models, in particular, Cox's (1972) model and (iii) log rank tests. Using simulations I determine if and by how much markers can enhance inference on these models and tests, as a function of a marker's prognostic ability. These simulations are based on a novel method of random data generation whose properties I also examine.

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Tilly, Christopher Charles. "Half a job : how U.S. firms use part-time employment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14438.

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Hyde, Craig Lee 1969. "The use of complex time singularity analysis in dynamical systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282846.

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Two new general results about dynamical systems are obtained using the characteristics of their complex time series solutions. These series are obtained locally around movable singularities in the complex time domain via methods which are an extension of the Painleve-Kovalevskaya test for integrability and which therefore have the advantage of being algorithmic in nature. The first of these results applies to autonomous polynomial vector fields and provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an open set of initial conditions for which the solutions will diverge to infinity as time (i.e. the independent variable) approaches some finite real value. The conditions for blow-up involve only the asymptotic leading order coefficient of the local series representation for the general solution around the complex time singularities. Additional analyses lead to the second result, which involves exponentially small separatrix splitting. When an autonomous system of ODE's possessing a homoclinic or heteroclinic orbit is perturbed by a rapidly oscillating non-autonomous term, the resulting splitting distance of the separatrix becomes exponentially small. Therefore, any first order approximation technique for measuring this splitting, e.g. the Melnikov vector, apparently loses its validity. An accurate expression for the splitting distance is valuable because it can be used to detect the presence of chaos in the system. Using only the local asymptotic forms of the solutions to the linearized variational equations and of the perturbation term, sufficient conditions on the perturbation amplitude such that the Melnikov vector gives the proper leading order splitting distance are found. This result applies to autonomous polynomial vector fields with periodic perturbations for which the amplitude of the perturbation is inversely proportional to some algebraic order of the frequency, and it depends only on the asymptotic form of the solutions near the complex time singularities.

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Glover, Angela. "Interrupting the flow : time-use preference and leader-member exchange." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76040.

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Time-use preference, as described by the monochronicity-polychronicity spectrum, is a pervasive yet often unaddressed construct which influences the way individuals behave in the workplace. This behavior plays a role in the leader-member exchange, affecting the quality in the dyadic relationship between leader and member. Employing a qualitative exploration with semi-structured interviews of 20 employees within an organization, we explicate the nature of time-use preference in LMX differentiation, discover how time-use preferences manifest and how leaders and members adapt to one another’s preferences. Our study contributes to time-use preference theory by illustrating how polychronic and monochronic preferences may manifest in the workplace. Further, we contribute to LMX theory by illustrating the influence of polychronicity on dyadic relationships, and discuss how leaders and members adapt to each other’s preferences. We provide practical considerations to help mitigate the negative impacts this seldom addressed issue can have.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
pt2020
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted

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Flood, Lennart. "On the application of time-use and expenditures allocation models." [Gothenburg, Sweden : University of Gothenburg], 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/16150379.html.

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Wilson, J. V. "'Time eases all things' : a critical study of how time banks attempt to use time-based currency to alleviate social exclusion." Thesis, University of Salford, 2015. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/37721/.

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This thesis explores the tension between the radical aims of time banks and their position within the State-led third sector. It does this by theorising the concepts and manifestations of social exclusion and the third sector, and the existing time bank literature. Firstly a critical realist stance is taken to define social exclusion as a structural problem, by utilising a Marxist Feminist position and Levitas’ analysis of government responses to social exclusion. Time banks intend to address social exclusion through social capital however, in scrutinising Putnam and Bourdieu’s theories it is argued that interventions which focus on non-monetary forms of capital maintain the status-quo of social exclusion. Secondly, it is argued that a process of ‘third sectorisation’ has occurred which neutralises what Gramsci proposed as the counter-hegemonic activity of civil society, by bringing it within the neoliberal structure of government. It is contended that this evidences Foucault’s theory of governmentality, whereby values are superseded by economic rationales. The existing literature fails to explore the tension between the radical potential of time banks to challenge structural inequalities by aiming to alter conceptions of work through a communistic time-based currency, and their potential to maintain social exclusion via their focus on social capital. By analysing observational and interview data from 12 months within a time bank, this thesis presents an in-depth examination of how a time bank works to depoliticise counter-hegemonic activity and maintain social exclusion. It is argued that time banks’ position within the third sector moulds them into an extension of the neoliberal state in which the activities of civil society are exploited to build resilience rather than resistance to the current structure in which social exclusion exists. The conclusion demonstrates the need to critically examine radical interventions aimed at alleviating social exclusion when they work within the third sector.

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Beblo, Miriam. "Bargaining over time allocation : economic modeling and econometric investigating of time use within families; with 26 tables /." Heidelberg [u.a.] : Physica-Verl, 2001. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz090547632cov.htm.

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Hellgren, Mattias. "Energy Use as a Consequence of Everyday Life." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema teknik och social förändring, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122253.

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Energy use is a part of everyday life and the use of energy is a part of the global climate change. Policy makers urge individuals to change their daily behaviour in order to mitigate climate change and care for our common environment. The dissertation regards daily behaviour as activities performed by individuals. The theoretical base is the time-geographic approach wherein everyday life is regarded as a sequence of interlinked activities performed by indivisible individuals. The dissertation investigates individuals’ energy use as an outcome of the activities they perform in everyday life. The empirical base of the dissertation is time-diaries from the Swedish time use survey 2010/2011. The diary data is explored as sequences of daily activities by using sequence analysis and clustering. The results show that individuals’ energy use is closely interweaved with how they live their everyday lives in terms of activity sequences. The results imply that changing an activity affects both the intricate web of interaction in the household and the interdependence of activities in everyday life. Change does not only affect the singular activity that was the object for the change, but rather major parts of the sequence of activities. In order to address energy conservation in information campaigns considerations ought to be taken on how everyday life is shaped and formed by the individual, by negotiations between the individuals in households, and societal structures. Information can be targeted to groups of individuals with similar activity sequences as they are revealed by cluster analysis.
Energianvändningen är en del av vardagen likaväl som användningen av energi är en del av den globala klimatförändringen. För att mildra effekterna på vår gemensamma miljö uppmanas människor av politiker och andra beslutsfattare att förändra sitt vardagsbeteende. I avhandlingen betraktas vardagsbeteendet som människors dagliga aktiviteter. Avhandlingens teoretiska grund är den tidsgeografiska ansatsen, där människors vardag betraktas som en sekvens av de aktiviteter som utförs av odelbara individer. Människors dagliga sekvens av aktiviteter undersöks för att ta reda på vilken energianvändning som genomförandet av aktiviteterna ger upphov till. Den empiriska grunden för avhandlingen är tidsdagboksdata från den svenska tidsanvändningsstudien från 2010/2011 och avhandlingen utforskar tidsdagböckerna som sekvenser av aktiviteter med hjälp av sekvens- och klusteranalys. Resultaten visar att individers energianvändning är nära sammanvävd med de aktivitetssekvenser som visar hur vardagslivet levs. Resultaten pekar vidare på att förändringar av enskilda aktiviteter också påverkar andra aktiviteter i det dagliga livet. Förändringar av en aktivitet påverkar således hela den dagliga sekvensen av aktiviteter. I utformningen av information som syftar till att minska hushållens energianvändning bör hänsyn tas till hur vardagslivets aktivitetssekvens formas av den enskilde i samspelet både med andra individer i hushållet och med samhällsstrukturerna. Målgruppsinriktad information kan utformas med utgångspunkt from människors likartade aktivitetsmönster så som de framgår genom klusteranalys.

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Newman, Rayya Renee. "USE-LESS Building." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34976.

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A USE-LESS Building aims to use less square feet and resources by adapting over time and by accommodating various uses like apartments, stores, offices, cafes, etc. Adhering to the USE-LESS concept, this project was developed 4 dimensionally on a site in Mount Pleasant, Washington DC. The relationship between a building and time was explored through three elements, an existing wall that is preserved, a wet wall that houses services, and a moving wall that changes according to the userâ s will. This site specific approach to design, rather than program specific, enables the structure to adapt to the social and economic needs of the neighborhood at different rates.
Master of Architecture

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Duman, Alpay. "The use and run-time overhead of Corba in MSHN project." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA356260.

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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1998.
"September 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Debra Hensgen, Ted Lewis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78). Also available online.

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Shaeffer, Blanca A. "Refining a task-execution time prediction model for use in MSHN." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA378655.

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Hellsten, Jonas. "Evaluation of tone mapping operators for use in real time environments." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9749.

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As real time visualizations become more realistic it also becomes more important to simulate the perceptual effects of the human visual system. Such effects include the response to varying illumination, glare and differences between photopic and scotopic vision. This thesis evaluates several different tone mapping methods to allow a greater dynamic range to be used in real time visualisations. Several tone mapping methods have been implemented in the Avalanche Game Engine and evaluated using a small test group. To increase immersion in the visualization several filters aimed to simulate perceptual effects has also been implemented. The primary goal of these filters is to simulate scotopic vision. The tests showed that two tone mapping methods would be suitable for the environment used in the tests. The S-curve tone mapping method gave the best result while the Mean Value method gave good results while being the simplest to implement and the cheapest. The test subjects agreed that the simulation of scotopic vision enhanced the immersion in a visualization. The primary difficulties in this work has been lack of dynamic range in the input images and the challenges in coding real time graphics using a graphics processing unit.

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Ciftci, Aysegul. "Use Of Design Patterns In Non-object Oriented Real-time Software." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615431/index.pdf.

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After the book, Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software was published in 1994, usage of design patterns in object-oriented (OO) programming has been investigated by many researchers. However, the effects of design patterns on non-object oriented (non-OO) programming have not been analyzed too much in the literature. This study focuses on various design pattern implementations using non OO programming and investigates the benefits of design patterns upon real-time software. In order to evaluate the results, specific quality metrics were selected and performance of traditionally developed software was compared with that of software developed using design patterns.

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Fradera, Alexander Joseph. "Memory for time : the use of temporal codes versus contextual information." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444680/.

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Time-code theories of temporal memory argue that memories are tagged with dedicated temporal information which assist temporal judgments (e.g., G. D. A. Brown & Chater, 2001). Though this account is studied mainly with short-term memory paradigms, some models propose such information is available across time periods. This thesis investigates whether intrinsic time information may facilitate temporal judgments at longer spans, using long-term memory (LTM) paradigms and investigations of remote memory. An alternative proposal is considered where we may rely on contextual associations to make these judgments. In LTM, judgments of recency on studied items were not more accurate for recently seen items, contrary to the time-code hypothesis. Neither do temporal ratios of the distance between items and the present relate to accuracy scores. Instead, the presence of a robust primacy effect, preserved when rehearsal is minimised, supports a reconstructive approach where the beginning of a list acts as a temporal landmark. This position is supported by experiments which establish that this landmark effect can be reproduced at other list positions, for events that follow that landmark, and that a corresponding recency effect is not evoked by greater expectation for the end of the list. Investigation of remote memory revealed that for a set of public events dating was no more accurate for individuals who had lived through them, and for those cases dating accuracy was unrelated to measures of primary memory, such as memorability or content knowledge, but did relate to where the event could be localised within a personal life period. A case series investigation of neurological patients suggests an interrelatedness between measures of order memory and forms of context memory, and presents cases where order memory is impaired despite a normal ability to estimate time durations. These studies are broadly supportive of a contextual account of temporal memory.

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Beggs, Clive. "The use of ice thermal storage with real time electricity pricing." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10674.

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The thesis investigates the application of ice thermal storage technology to situations where the price of electricity varies continuously with instantaneous network demand. A central hypothesis is postulated in chapter 1, which states: "A variable electricity pricing structure, in which unit price continuously varies in response to instantaneous network demand, enhances the opportunities and benefits of ice thermal storage. The benefits both financial and environmental are dependent on the establishment of control and design strategies which optimise performance by matching refrigeration load with the instantaneous electricity price. " For ease of reference, the form of pricing described above is referred to in the thesis as 'real time' electricity pricing. The 'pool price' which is used to facilitate the competitive electricity awkct in England and Wales, is one of the foremost examples of real time pricing. The thesis therefore uses the electricity supply industry in the UK as its research vehicle. Notwithstanding this, the work contained in the thesis can be applied to any country which applies real time electricity pricing mechanisms. The validity of the hypothesis is assessed in the thesis through the development of a variety of numerical and computer models. These models fall into two distinct categories; those concerned with predicting and optimising the financial benefits of ice thermal storage, and those concerned with predicting and optimising the environmental benefits of ice thermal storage. Chapters 2,3 and 4 should be treated as support chapters, which equip the reader with the prerequisite knowledge necessary to understand the research work contained in the later chapters. As such, these chapters contain, respectively, a description of the electricity supply industry in the UK, a discussion of demand side management in the UK, and a description of the technology involved in ice thermal storage. The parametric study contained in chapter 4 is however an original piece of research work by the author. The models developed to evaluate and optimise the economic benefits of ice thermal storage are presented in chapters 5 and 6, and are applied to contrasting theoretical case study applications, namely an office building and a dairy. In chapter 5a 'long hand' numerical analysis technique is used. In chapter 6 this technique is rationalised and developed into a computer model for optimising both the design and control of ice storage installations in real time electricity pricing applications. The environmental studies are presented in chapter 7. These concentrate on the ability of ice thermal storage to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Although the overall objective of the chapter is to evaluate the carbon dioxide emissions associated with ice thermal storage, the bulk of the chapter is concerned with the development of a model for predicting the carbon dioxide emissions per kWh of delivered electrical energy in England and Wales on a time related basis. The development of this 'time of day' carbon dioxide model is one of the main objectives of the thesis. Having established this model, it is then used to analyse the carbon dioxide emissions associated with the dairy case study.

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Sambell, Kay. "The use of future fictional time in novels for young readers." Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4269/.

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Stapert, R. P. "A segmental mixture model, maximising data use with time sequence information." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639099.

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Here, time sequence information is explored as a means of increasing the amount of speaker specific information to be gained from limited data. One of the popular approaches in speaker recognition at the time of writing is called Gaussian mixture modeling which does not use time sequence information as it is implemented here. In this thesis, an attempt is made to use time sequence information without any prior linguistic knowledge or labelling of the databases. This is achieved by embedding dynamic time warping into a Gaussian mixture model structure. The story that is told here covers the main points that need to be investigated in order to create a viable foundation for the inclusion of dynamic time warping in a Gaussian mixture model. The experimental results show that temporal constraints offer better speaker discrimination than unconstrained nearest neighbour decisions. It is also shown that using speech segments shorter than the actual utterance, in combination with dynamic time warping, can provide additional error reduction. This foundation work prompts the work on Gaussian mixture models, which reveals that the combination of dynamic time warping and Gaussian mixture models can improve identification results significantly in a text independent environment. The term segmental mixture model is used to identify the combination of two techniques. It is tested on twenty speakers of the BT Millar database, which is a multi-session digit database, and on one thousand speakers of the Welsh SpeechDat database, which is a large text independent database. In both instances the segmental mixture model demonstrates its potential for enhancing the discrimination between speakers.

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Visgatis, Brad L. "English-related out-of-class time use by Japanese university students." Thesis, Temple University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3637511.

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This project explored aspects of English-related out-of-class time use by Japanese university students. The aim was to identify the salient temporal and motivational features of the episodes.

Two sets of time use and interview data were collected longitudinally (one semester per dataset) through Longitudinal Study 1 (n_initial = 66, n_final = 15), which included participants from three universities in Western Japan, followed by Longitudinal Study 2 (n_initial = 59, n_final = 25), which included participants from two universities in Western Japan. Interviews were with participants from these studies. Participants maintained a record of their out-of-class English-related time use during the semester. These data provide an overview of the out-of-class time use of Japanese university students during a full Japanese academic year. Longitudinal Study 1 data were collected during the fall semester, the second term at Japanese universities. Longitudinal Study 2 data were collected during the spring term, the initial term. Longitudinal Study 1 participants reported 2,529 episodes and Longitudinal Study 2 participants reported 3,322 episodes of out-of-class English access during the study period. One interview was held with the Longitudinal Study 1 participants (n = 15), at the end of fall semester. Two interviews were held with Longitudinal Study 2 participants (n = 25), one during the term and one following summer holiday. Data were examined for their temporal patterns and the contextual and affective features of the time use episodes. The cross-sectional component collected data from participants (n = 1,399) at 11 universities in Western Japan. These participants provided data for the motivational survey (n = 1,399) and at least one week of out-of-class English time use (n = 642) data. The participants in the cross-sectional study reported 2,987 out-of-class English access episodes.

Episode data for all three components (K = 8,838) and the motivational survey data (n = 1,399) were analyzed at the person, group, and amalgamated episode levels for the patterns of participants' time use using ANOVA and nonparametric procedures. The data were also examined using nonparametric procedures to exam the affective variables by the contextual variables of that time use. The episode data regarding participants' ( n = 1,399) time use and motivational survey data were analyzed using ANOVA, factor, Rasch, multiple regression analyses, and structural equation modeling. The analyses of the time use data considered the temporal features of the episodes, the contextual features of the episodes, and the affective features of the time use. The analyses of the motivational data considered two models of the L2 motivational self system, an intention to learn model (ILM) and a time use model (TUM).

Time use results from all three components of this study indicated most out-of-class episodes occur when the participant is alone at home either studying or listening to English music. The most typical episode was listening to music, either alone at home or while commuting. A similar pattern of out-of-class English access was found for participants in all three components of this study. Study-related episodes were not considered enjoyable but also were not seen as causing anxiety. The amount of out-of-class time varied widely between participants, with one longitudinal study participant devoting 40 hours per week to English outside of class.

For longitudinal study participants, the time use episode data, along with interviews, indicated that habit was a primary driver of out-of-class English access, with participants showing stable patterns of time use, whether for enjoyment or study, during the term. For the most part, once participants in the longitudinal components for this project had established a routine it remained fairly consistent during the term.

Moreover, results from the three components showed that none of the participants met the time requirements of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Sports, Technology and Culture (MEXT, 2002, 2009b) for out-of-class time allocated to study for their English courses, a 2:1 ration, for every week that they participated in the study. Only a few of the participants met this requirement for out-of-class English access during any week of the study and only if all purposes, including enjoyment, were considered.

This study also addresses the call that Dörnyei (2000) made for research examining the links between motivation and behavior in L2 learning. One unique aspect of this study is the use of a behavioral variable, Time Use, in addition to the survey-assessed latent trait, Intention to Learn, to explore the links between motivational profile and actual behavior.

Participants who rated highly on their Ideal L2 Self rated highly on the Intention to Learn, but not nearly as highly on actual time use on English. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Boniwell, Ilona. "Satisfaction with time use and its relationship with subjective well-being." Thesis, Open University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427741.

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Phairatana, Tonghathai. "Bioengineering of novel carbon-based biosensors for real-time biomedical use." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58345.

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The aim of this thesis was to develop novel carbon-based biosensors and sensors for real-time metabolite and drug detection, to provide the next generation of medical devices which can give clinicians relevant chemical information in real-time at the patient bedside. An autocalibration system was developed using LabSmith programmable components to give precise fluid delivery and excellent temporal control of multiple liquid streams. This enables a 5-point calibration to be carried out using two solutions in 12 minutes. Systems using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether hydrogel, electrodeposition and selfassembly to immobilise enzymes on a combined needle electrode surface were studied and their performances were investigated using a microfluidic platform. The autocalibration system was combined with the graphene oxide-based biosensors in a microchip coupled with a microdialysis probe and was examined as a proof-of-concept clinical on-line analysis system. A reduced graphene oxide-based sensor was fabricated using a combined needle electrode for on-line neurotransmitter detection of dopamine. Its performance was compared with that of a platinum electrode. A microfluidic sensor based on a carbon nanotube-epoxy composite was fabricated to detect the presence of carboplatin (anti-cancer drug) in healthy tissue in real time during chemotherapy. Detection of carboplatin was carried out using differential pulse voltammetry firstly in a beaker, in which carbon nanotube-epoxy composite electrodes performed better than glassy carbon electrodes for oxidation of free purine bases and than DNA-modified carbon nanotube-epoxy composite sensors for detection of carboplatin. Carboplatin detection was then performed in a microfluidic platform. The methodology for on-line carboplatin detection was optimised in terms of the analysis time and for the repeated determination of carboplatin using the same electrode. Microdialysis and microfluidic techniques have been combined to give a proof-of-concept system real-time carboplatin detection using the carbon nanotube-epoxy composite sensors.

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Kundu, Malay. "Use of wide contribution signatures for real-time generalized audio recognition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39070.

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Cai, Carrie Jun. "Wait-learning : intelligent systems for making productive use of wait time." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111875.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages [243]-259).
Every day, millions of people set long-term goals, such as learning a skill, developing a habit, or completing a project. Yet, in our busy, time-crunched world, most have difficulty making progress towards these goals. Despite this lack of time, there are numerous moments in a day when people wait, such as waiting for the elevator or waiting for an instant message reply. These fleeting moments could instead be used for completing short, concrete microtasks towards accomplishing long-term goals. This thesis presents novel systems and approaches that enable wait-time productivity. First, WaitChatter enables wait-learning, by automatically detecting when a user is awaiting an instant message reply, and presenting foreign language vocabulary exercises during that time. Second, WaitSuite is a suite of systems that expand wait-learning to diverse kinds of waiting scenarios. Furthermore, given a variety of microtasks, I also demonstrate how chains of microtasks can be ordered in a way that maximizes efficiency and minimizes mental workload. Finally, Deadspace Finder enables peripheral microtasks to be displayed less intrusively, by automatically detecting and placing them into unused screen space. Taken together, these systems demonstrate that wait-time productivity is both feasible and more effective than traditional reminders, making meaningful use of time we didn't know we had.
by Carrie J. Cai.
Ph. D.

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46

Kamerade, Daiga. "Changes in employment-related time use and activity in voluntary associations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611271.

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47

Song, Ji-Young. "Emerging patterns of space and time use in the knowledge economy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609044.

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48

Cai, Carrie Jun. "Wait-learning : intelligent systems for making productive use of wait time." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111875.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages [243]-259).
Every day, millions of people set long-term goals, such as learning a skill, developing a habit, or completing a project. Yet, in our busy, time-crunched world, most have difficulty making progress towards these goals. Despite this lack of time, there are numerous moments in a day when people wait, such as waiting for the elevator or waiting for an instant message reply. These fleeting moments could instead be used for completing short, concrete microtasks towards accomplishing long-term goals. This thesis presents novel systems and approaches that enable wait-time productivity. First, WaitChatter enables wait-learning, by automatically detecting when a user is awaiting an instant message reply, and presenting foreign language vocabulary exercises during that time. Second, WaitSuite is a suite of systems that expand wait-learning to diverse kinds of waiting scenarios. Furthermore, given a variety of microtasks, I also demonstrate how chains of microtasks can be ordered in a way that maximizes efficiency and minimizes mental workload. Finally, Deadspace Finder enables peripheral microtasks to be displayed less intrusively, by automatically detecting and placing them into unused screen space. Taken together, these systems demonstrate that wait-time productivity is both feasible and more effective than traditional reminders, making meaningful use of time we didn't know we had.
by Carrie J. Cai.
Ph. D.

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49

Smale, Megan E. "Cell Phone Use and Parents' Satisfaction with Time Spent with Family." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1308581240.

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50

Rubinstein, Michael. "Assessing target centring algorithms for use in near-real-time-photogrammetry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9661.

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Bibliography: leaves 140-146.
Target Centring Algorithms were investigated for use in the Near-Real-Time-Photogrammetry NRTP system: PHOENICS. PHOENICS, a Photogrammetric Engineering and Industrial digital Camera System, has been developed over the past three years in the Surveying Department of UCT to provide a semi-automatic system to determine three dimensional co-ordinates of surfaces and objects using a photogrammetric method. Targets are attached to an object in order to facilitate measurement of the shape, size and orientation of the object. The centre of the target uniquely defines the target co-ordinate. Target centres (from images of the same object) are used in photogrammetric models to locate the three dimensional (3-D) coordinates of the target. The accuracy of the target 3-D location is dependent on the accuracy of the target centring algorithm. A series of sub-algorithms were employed to arrive at a single target centring algorithm. Various combinations of these sub- algorithms were compared in order to obtain the optimal target centring algorithm. Three images were used to test various aspects of the target centring algorithms: their potential accuracy was tested on an image having symmetric synthetic targets their robustness was tested on an image having targets with artificial blemishes their performance in a real (noisy) environment was tested on an image with real targets on a control frame, captured by PHOENICS. When the target centring algorithms were run on the three images, target location with an accuracy of from 1/10 of a pixel for real images, to 1/1000 of a pixel for ideal synthetic targets was obtained.

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