Journal articles: 'Time Slowing'

1

Merali, Zeeya. "Is time slowing down?" New Scientist 196, no. 2635-2636 (December 2007): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(07)63171-6.

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Chabod, Sébastien P. "Neutron slowing-down time in matter." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 669 (March 2012): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.11.047.

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Chabod, S. P. "Energy-time correlation of slowing-down neutrons." European Physical Journal A 44, no. 3 (April 20, 2010): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2010-10977-y.

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Gozani, Tsahi, and Michael J. King. "Neutron Slowing Down Time Based Inspection Method." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 64, no. 7 (July 2017): 1789–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2017.2671022.

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Magdoń-Maksymowicz, M. S., M. Sitarz, M. Bubak, A. Z. Maksymowicz, and J. Szewczyk. "Effect of time slowing in biological ageing." Computer Physics Communications 147, no. 1-2 (August 2002): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4655(02)00342-9.

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Braund, Steve. "Slowing time down: Correspondences, ambiguity and attendance." Journal of Writing in Creative Practice 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jwcp.4.3.427_1.

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Zakir, Zahid. "Slowing time cosmology solving the double redshift paradox." QUANTUM AND GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS 1 (August 8, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9751/qgph.1-008.7160.

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Robinson, Mark T. "Slowing-down time of energetic atoms in solids." Physical Review B 40, no. 16 (December 1, 1989): 10717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.40.10717.

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Ferraro, F. Richard, Rachel Kramer, and Stephanie Weigel. "Speed of Processing Time Slowing in Eating Disorders." Journal of General Psychology 145, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2017.1421136.

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Corngold, Noel. "Conservation of Neutrons in Time-Dependent Slowing Down." Nuclear Science and Engineering 102, no. 1 (May 1989): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nse89-a23635.

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Minzenberg, M. J., J. H. Poole, G. K. Shenaut, B. A. Ober, and S. Vinogradov. "76. Reaction time slowing in schizophrenia: domain-specific features." Biological Psychiatry 47, no. 8 (April 2000): S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00338-3.

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Chizhik, D. "Slowing the Time-Fluctuating MIMO Channel by Beam Forming." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 3, no. 5 (September 2004): 1554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2004.833415.

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Baczyński, Janusz. "CAMAC‐PC analyzer for neutron slowing‐down‐time spectrometry." Review of Scientific Instruments 61, no. 4 (April 1990): 1340–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141188.

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Vichev, R. G., and D. S. Karpuzov. "Time evolution of ion slowing-down in amorphous solids." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 83, no. 3 (November 1993): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(93)95854-x.

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Buetow, Stephen. "Patient experience of time duration: strategies for 'slowing time' and 'accelerating time' in general practices." Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 10, no. 1 (February 2004): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2753.2003.00426.x.

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Latouche, Guy, and Giang T. Nguyen. "Slowing time: Markov-modulated Brownian motions with a sticky boundary." Stochastic Models 33, no. 2 (March 2017): 297–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15326349.2017.1284000.

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Fozard, James L., Max Vercruyssen, Sara L. Reynolds, and P. A. Hancock. "Longitudinal Analysis of Age-Related Slowing: BLSA Reaction Time Data." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 34, no. 2 (October 1990): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129003400208.

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Ferraro, F. Richard. "No evidence of reaction time slowing in autism spectrum disorder." Autism 20, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314559986.

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Karpf, David. "Something I No Longer Believe: Is Internet Time Slowing Down?" Social Media + Society 5, no. 3 (April 2019): 205630511984949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305119849492.

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Back in 2012, I wrote an article speculating on the implications of Moore’s Law and “Internet Time” for political communication researchers (Karpf, 2012). The premise was that the Internet continues to change at such a rapid pace that it creates fundamental ceteris paribus problems for digital politics research. I still believe that is a fair assessment of the Internet of the early 2000s. But I no longer believe it holds true for the Internet today. I have come to believe that the pace of digital innovation is slowing down and that the suite of user-facing technologies that make up the mass-oriented Internet has stabilized. This article elaborates on what has led me to rethink the status of Internet Time and discusses the implications of this temporal slowdown. It draws on archival research from a study of WIRED magazine over its 25-year history.

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Ghafourian, Kambiz, and Jon A. Kobashigawa. "Slowing Sinus Tachycardia in Heart Transplant Recipients: Is It Time?" Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) 68, no. 11 (November 2015): 921–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2015.07.016.

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Gordon, Barry, and Kathryn Carson. "The basis for choice reaction time slowing in Alzheimer's disease." Brain and Cognition 13, no. 2 (July 1990): 148–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2626(90)90047-r.

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Dryzek, Jerzy, and Paweł Horodek. "The Distribution of Slowing-Down Times of Positrons Emitted from ²²Na and ⁶⁸Ge\⁶⁸Ga Isotopes into Metals." Materials Science Forum 666 (December 2010): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.666.10.

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The results of the Monte Carlo simulation, using GEANT4 codes, of the slowing-down time prior to the thermalization in metals for positrons emitted from the 22Na and 68Ge\68Ga sources are presented. Due to the energy spectrum and probabilistic processes accompanying positrons traversing a medium the slowing-down time exhibits a distribution which has a long tail. Nevertheless, the average value of the time is ranged from 0.4 ps to 8 ps depending on the density of the medium as it is for the 22Na positrons. For positrons emitted from the 68Ga nucleus the average value of the slowing-down time increases and it is ranged from 1 ps to 20 ps.

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23

Nightingale, Alison. "Data management plans: time wasting or time saving?" Biochemist 42, no. 3 (June 3, 2020): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio20200020.

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As a Research Data Librarian, one of my responsibilities is to raise awareness about the requirements for academic researchers to write data management plans for their projects. These awareness activities, often in the form of a presentation at staff meetings or departmental seminars, are frequently followed by a sceptical response from the academic staff along the lines that “This is just something else for us to try to fit into our already over-busy lives”. My answer is usually: “Yes, but it might prevent data management problems slowing up your project”. So, what are data management plans and how can they be of value to your project?

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Windsor, Jennifer, Rochelle L. Milbrath, Edward J. Carney, and Susan E. Rakowski. "General Slowing in Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 44, no. 2 (April 2001): 446–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2001/036).

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Although the general slowing hypothesis of language impairment (LI) is well established, the conventional method to test the hypothesis is controversial. This paper compares the usual method, ordinary least squares regression (OLS), with another method, hierarchical linear modeling with random coefficients (HLM). The analyses used available response time (RT) data from studies of perceptual-motor, cognitive, and language skills of LI and chronological-age-matched (CA) groups. The data set included RT measures from 25 studies investigating 20 different tasks (e.g., auditory detection, mental rotation, and word recognition tasks). OLS and HLM analyses of the RT data yielded very different results. OLS supported general slowing for the LI groups, and indicated that they were significantly slower than CA groups across studies by an overall estimate of 10%. HLM indicated a larger average extent of LI slowing (18%). However, the variability around this average was much greater than that yielded by OLS, and the extent of slowing was not statistically significant. Importantly, HLM showed a significant difference in the RT relation between LI and CA groups across studies, indicating that study-specific slowing, rather than general slowing across studies, was present. A separate HLM analysis of two types of language tasks, picture naming and word recognition, was performed. Although the extent of slowing was equivalent across these tasks, the slowing was minimal (2%) and not significant. Methodological limitations of each analysis to assess general slowing are highlighted.

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Rogers, Wendy A., and Arthur D. Fisk. "A reconsideration of age-related reaction time slowing from a learning perspective: Age-related slowing is not just complexity-based." Learning and Individual Differences 2, no. 2 (January 1990): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1041-6080(90)90021-8.

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Zakir, Zahid. "Slowing time cosmology with initial violetshift and three types of redshift." QUANTUM AND GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS 2 (August 16, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9751/qgph.2-012.7533.

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In general relativity, the stretching of the wavelengths of photons in the expanding universe occurs along the path and does not depend on the velocity of the source. Therefore, the photons from the sources at rest relative to us did not have, and from the sources comoving the expansion there was an initial Doppler redshift, and then on the way both photon fluxes acquired a stretching redshift. As the result, the redshift of the comoving the expansion sources should be at least doubled. But observations show a single redshift already in the linear part, and therefore in cosmological models only with redshifts (Friedmann's and others) there was the double redshift problem with one hundred percent discrepancy between theory and observations. The observational fact of single redshifts means that the photons should have an initial violetshift, which was compensated for along the way by one of two types of redshift. In the model of slowing time cosmology (STC) proposed in 2020, the rate of proper times was higher in earlier epochs, which led to the violetshift, compensated along the way by the stretching redshift. As a result, in STC the observed shift is reduced to the initial Doppler redshift, to which the gravitational redshift is added for distant objects. The relativistic aberration then leads to dimming of the apparent luminosities. The basic relations of STC are presented, including the “distance modulus – redshift”, which are consistent with observations at new values of cosmological parameters. Evolution in early epochs and its influence on the properties of CMB are also discussed. In STC the light velocity was higher in the past and for this reason it has no previously known cosmological problems.

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Zakir, Zahid. "Slowing time cosmology with initial violetshift and three types of redshift." QUANTUM AND GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS 2 (August 16, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9751/qgph.2-012.7133.

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In general relativity, the stretching of the wavelengths of photons in the expanding universe occurs along the path and does not depend on the velocity of the source. Therefore, the photons from the sources at rest relative to us did not have, and from the sources comoving the expansion there was an initial Doppler redshift, and then on the way both photon fluxes acquired a stretching redshift. As the result, the redshift of the comoving the expansion sources should be at least doubled. But observations show a single redshift already in the linear part, and therefore in cosmological models only with redshifts (Friedmann's and others) there was the double redshift problem with one hundred percent discrepancy between theory and observations. The observational fact of single redshifts means that the photons should have an initial violetshift, which was compensated for along the way by one of two types of redshift. In the model of slowing time cosmology (STC) proposed in 2020, the rate of proper times was higher in earlier epochs, which led to the violetshift, compensated along the way by the stretching redshift. As a result, in STC the observed shift is reduced to the initial Doppler redshift, to which the gravitational redshift is added for distant objects. The relativistic aberration then leads to dimming of the apparent luminosities. The basic relations of STC are presented, including the “distance modulus – redshift”, which are consistent with observations at new values of cosmological parameters. Evolution in early epochs and its influence on the properties of CMB are also discussed. In STC the light velocity was higher in the past and for this reason it has no previously known cosmological problems.

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28

Rowe, Mary Budd. "Wait Time: Slowing Down May Be A Way of Speeding Up!" Journal of Teacher Education 37, no. 1 (January 1986): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002248718603700110.

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29

Lee, Ronald D., and Shelley Lapkoff. "Intergenerational Flows of Time and Goods: Consequences of Slowing Population Growth." Journal of Political Economy 96, no. 3 (June 1988): 618–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/261554.

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30

Rosso, Andrea L., Joe Verghese, Andrea L. Metti, Robert M. Boudreau, Howard J. Aizenstein, Stephen Kritchevsky, Tamara Harris, et al. "Slowing gait and risk for cognitive impairment." Neurology 89, no. 4 (June 28, 2017): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004153.

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Objective:To identify the shared neuroimaging signature of gait slowing and cognitive impairment.Methods:We assessed a cohort of older adults (n = 175, mean age 73 years, 57% female, 65% white) with repeated measures of gait speed over 14 years, MRI for gray matter volume (GMV) at year 10 or 11, and adjudicated cognitive status at year 14. Gait slowing was calculated by bayesian slopes corrected for intercepts, with higher values indicating faster decline. GMV was normalized to intracranial volume, with lower values indicating greater atrophy for 10 regions of interest (hippocampus, anterior and posterior cingulate, primary and supplementary motor cortices, posterior parietal lobe, middle frontal lobe, caudate, putamen, pallidum). Nonparametric correlations adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, muscle strength, and knee pain assessed associations of time to walk with GMV. Logistic regression models calculated odds ratios (ORs) of gait slowing with dementia or mild cognitive impairment with and without adjustment for GMV.Results:Gait slowing was associated with cognitive impairment at year 14 (OR per 0.1 s/y slowing 1.47; 95% confidence interval 1.04–2.07). The right hippocampus was the only region that was related to both gait slowing (ρ = −0.16, p = 0.03) and cognitive impairment (OR 0.17, p = 0.009). Adjustment for right hippocampal volume attenuated the association of gait slowing with cognitive impairment by 23%.Conclusions:The association between gait slowing and cognitive impairment is supported by a shared neural substrate that includes a smaller right hippocampus. This finding underscores the value of long-term gait slowing as an early indicator of dementia risk.

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Schneider, H., A. Seeger, A. Siegle, H. Stoll, P. Castellaz, and J. Major. "Time-domain observation of the slowing-down of positronium in condensed matter." Applied Surface Science 116 (May 1997): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(96)01044-6.

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Park, Chang Je, Mustafa Kamel Jaradat, Luay Alawneh, and Yong Deok Lee. "Metal plate target design for the lead slowing down time spectrometer (LSDTS)." Annals of Nuclear Energy 49 (November 2012): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2012.05.029.

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Kopljar, Ivan, Alain J. Labro, Tessa de Block, and Dirk J. Snyders. "Time and Voltage-Dependent Slowing in the Off Gating Currents from Kv3.1." Biophysical Journal 98, no. 3 (January 2010): 522a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.2837.

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Berry, E. "Slowing of reaction time in Parkinsons disease: theinvolvement of the frontal lobes." Neuropsychologia 37, no. 7 (June 1, 1999): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00137-7.

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Shahjahan, Riyad A. "Being ‘Lazy’ and Slowing Down: Toward decolonizing time, our body, and pedagogy." Educational Philosophy and Theory 47, no. 5 (February 11, 2014): 488–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2014.880645.

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Enticott, Peter G., John L. Bradshaw, Mark A. Bellgrove, Daniel J. Upton, and James R. P. Ogloff. "Stop Task After-Effects." Experimental Psychology 56, no. 4 (January 2009): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.56.4.247.

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In the stop task, response time to the go signal is increased when the immediately preceding trial involves the presentation of a stop signal. A recent explanation suggests that these “after-effects” are due to mechanisms that occur prior to the completion of response selection processes, but it is possible that they instead may reflect a slowed motor response (i.e., deliberate slowing after response selection). The participants completed a novel stop task that allows a differentiation between the time taken to prepare a movement (which incorporates response selection processes) and the time taken to execute a movement (i.e., speed of motor response). If mechanisms underlying stop task after-effects occur prior to the completion of response selection processes, then slowing should only occur during movement preparation. Movement preparation and execution time during go trials were analysed according to the characteristics of the preceding trial. Slowing after a stop trial was found during movement preparation time (regardless of inhibition success on that stop trial), and it further increased during this period when the primary task stimulus was repeated. There was also evidence for general after-effects during movement execution time, but no effect of repetition. These findings support the current theoretical accounts that suggest that repetition-based stop task after-effects are attributable to a mechanism that occurs prior to the completion of response selection processes, and also indicate a possible switch to a more conservative response set (as in signal detection theory terms) that results in deliberate slowing of movement.

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37

Windsor, Jennifer, and Mina Hwang. "Testing the Generalized Slowing Hypothesis in Specific Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42, no. 5 (October 1999): 1205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4205.1205.

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This study investigated the proposition that children with specific language impairment (SLI) show a generalized slowing of response time (RT) across tasks compared to chronological-age (CA) peers. Three different theoretical models consistent with the hypothesis of generalized slowing—a proportional, linear, and nonlinear model—were examined using regression analyses of group RT data. Each model was an excellent fit with the RT data. The most parsimonious model indicated that the SLI group was proportionally slower than the CA group. Mean RTs of the SLI group were about one fifth slower across tasks than the CA group's mean RTs. Less slowing was evident for a subgroup of young children with expressive SLI than for children with mixed (expressive and receptive) SLI. Although the mean RT data reflected many individual SLI children's RT performance, not all SLI children showed generalized slowing.

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38

Droit-Volet, Sylvie. "Time does not fly but slow down in old age." Time & Society 28, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x16656852.

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This study examined whether the acceleration of the passage of time as people get older increases after 75 years of age. Individuals older and younger than 75 years, living either at home or in an institution, were asked to provide retrospective judgments of the passage of long periods of time, as well as judgments of the current passage of time using the Experience Sampling Methodology, in which a series of alerts are delivered everyday by mobile phone. The results showed that the retrospective judgment of the passage of time did not change with age. However, the older participants living in a retirement home, who were more negatively focused on their past, disagreed with the idea that time passes faster with increasing age. By contrast, the judgment of the current passage of time changed after 75 years. However, the perception was not one of acceleration but of slowing down. The best predictors of this slowing down of time were the negative affects, namely sadness, which were particularly high among the participants living in a retirement home. However, as their cognitive functions declined, they perceived time as passing quickly again, and this was accompanied by a greater feeling of happiness.

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Harris, D. E., and D. M. Warshaw. "Slowing of velocity during isotonic shortening in single isolated smooth muscle cells. Evidence for an internal load." Journal of General Physiology 96, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 581–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.96.3.581.

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In single smooth muscle cells, shortening velocity slows continuously during the course of an isotonic (fixed force) contraction (Warshaw, D.M. 1987. J. Gen. Physiol. 89:771-789). To distinguish among several possible explanations for this slowing, single smooth muscle cells were isolated from the gastric muscularis of the toad (Bufo marinus) and attached to an ultrasensitive force transducer and a length displacement device. Cells were stimulated electrically and produced maximum stress of 144 mN/mm2. Cell force was then reduced to and maintained at preset fractions of maximum, and cell shortening was allowed to occur. Cell stiffness, a measure of relative numbers of attached crossbridges, was measured during isotonic shortening by imposing 50-Hz sinusoidal force oscillations. Continuous slowing of shortening velocity was observed during isotonic shortening at all force levels. This slowing was not related to the time after the onset of stimulation or due to reduced isometric force generating capacity. Stiffness did not change significantly over the course of an isotonic shortening response, suggesting that the observed slowing was not the result of reduced numbers of cycling crossbridges. Furthermore, isotonic shortening velocity was better described as a function of the extent of shortening than as a function of the time after the onset of the release. Therefore, we propose that slowing during isotonic shortening in single isolated smooth muscle cells is the result of an internal load that opposes shortening and increases as cell length decreases.

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Zhang, Zhenghu, Tao Chen, Ke Ma, Tiexin Liu, and Jianhui Deng. "Precursory Indicator for Mode I Fracture in Brittle Rock through Critical Slowing Down Analysis." Shock and Vibration 2020 (November 30, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8820506.

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The abrupt rock-related hazards, such as landslide, rock burst, and collapse, seriously threaten the safety and service life of engineering works. Precursory information on critical transitions preceding sudden fracture is of great significance in rock mechanics and engineering. This study investigates the critical slowing down feature of acoustic emission (AE) signals and precursory indicators during the mode I fracture process of brittle rock. Cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc (CCNBD) specimens were utilized, accompanied by acoustic emission monitoring. The principle of critical slowing down was introduced to study AE count sequences, and the variance and autocorrelation coefficient versus loading time curves were analyzed. The results show critical slowing down phenomenon exists during mode I rock fracture. The variance and autocorrelation coefficient of AE counts grow significantly prior to rock fracture, and thus, the significant growth of variance and autocorrelation coefficient of AE signals can act as the precursory indicator of rock fracture. Compared to the autocorrelation coefficient, the precursors determined by the variance are more remarkable. The time interval between the precursory indicator using the critical slowing down theory and fracture moment ranges from 2% to 15% of the entire loading time. The findings in this study could facilitate better understandings on the rock fracture process and early-warning technique for rock fracture-related geological disasters.

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Brookes, Paul, Giovanna Tancredi, Andrew D. Patterson, Joseph Rahamim, Martina Esposito, Themistoklis K. Mavrogordatos, Peter J. Leek, Eran Ginossar, and Marzena H. Szymanska. "Critical slowing down in circuit quantum electrodynamics." Science Advances 7, no. 21 (May 2021): eabe9492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe9492.

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Critical slowing down of the time it takes a system to reach equilibrium is a key signature of bistability in dissipative first-order phase transitions. Understanding and characterizing this process can shed light on the underlying many-body dynamics that occur close to such a transition. Here, we explore the rich quantum activation dynamics and the appearance of critical slowing down in an engineered superconducting quantum circuit. Specifically, we investigate the intermediate bistable regime of the generalized Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian (GJC), realized by a circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) system consisting of a transmon qubit coupled to a microwave cavity. We find a previously unidentified regime of quantum activation in which the critical slowing down reaches saturation and, by comparing our experimental results with a range of models, we shed light on the fundamental role played by the qubit in this regime.

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Mies, G. W., F. M. Van der Veen, J. H. M. Tulen, M. W. Hengeveld, and M. W. Van der Molen. "Cardiac and Electrophysiological Responses to Valid and Invalid Feedback in a Time-Estimation Task." Journal of Psychophysiology 25, no. 3 (January 2011): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000049.

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This study investigated the cardiac and electrophysiological responses to feedback in a time-estimation task in which feedback-validity was manipulated. Participants across a wide age range had to produce 1 s intervals followed by positive and negative feedback that was valid or invalid (i.e., related or unrelated to the preceding time estimate). Performance results showed that they processed the information provided by the feedback. Negative feedback was associated with a transient cardiac slowing only when feedback was valid. Correct adjustments after valid negative feedback were associated with a more pronounced cardiac slowing. Validity did not affect the feedback-related negativity (FRN), except when remedial action was taken into account. The FRN and cardiac response to feedback decreased with advancing age, but performance did not. The current pattern of findings was interpreted to suggest that the FRN and cardiac response signal “alert” and that the cardiac response, but not the FRN, is implicated in the mechanisms invoked in remedial action.

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Tipples, Jason. "Increased Frustration Predicts the Experience of Time Slowing-Down: Evidence from an Experience Sampling Study." Timing & Time Perception 6, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-20181134.

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Recent experience sampling research supports the idea that our experience of time speeds up when we are happy and slows down when we feel sad. However, this research had only examined a single negative mood state namely, sadness. Here, I extend this research by testing whether the experience of time speeding-up and slowing down is associated with other thoughts and negative mood states. Thirty-nine participants aged from 18 to 29 completed an experience sampling procedure that lasted for five consecutive days. The experience sampling procedure included measures of time experience (passage of time judgements), mood, levels of activity and time orientation. Increased frustration predicted the experience of time slowing down more than sadness and increased activity, thinking about the future and to a lesser extent happiness, predicted time moving more quickly. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to laboratory-based studies of time perception.

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Lahure, Cathia, and Valérie Maquil. "Slowing Down Interactions on Tangible Tabletop Interfaces." i-com 17, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/icom-2018-0022.

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AbstractThis paper describes the results from a comparative study with 14 pupils using two different versions of a tangible tabletop application on satellite communication. While one of the versions was designed in a way to allow the resolution of the tasks in a pure trial-and-error approach, the second version prevented this by adding a button which had to be pressed in order to calculate and display results. The results of the study show that the design of the button and the associated scoring system was indeed successful in slowing down interactions and increasing thinking time. However, the knowledge acquisition was lower for the version with the button as compared to the one supporting trial-and-error. We discuss the results of this study and, in particular, argue for the need to carefully balance usability, task complexity and the learning dimension in the design of interactive tabletops for learning.

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WANG, L., J. B. ZHANG, H. P. YING, and D. R. JI. "SHORT-TIME CRITICAL DYNAMICS OF MULTISPIN INTERACTION ISING MODEL IN TWO DIMENSIONS." Modern Physics Letters B 13, no. 28 (December 10, 1999): 1011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798499900124x.

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We investigated the short-time dynamics of a multispin model in two dimensions. A dynamical Monte Carlo simulation which avoids the critical slowing down is performed at critical temperature and the short-time dynamic scaling behavior is found. By using the universal power-law scaling features, the critical exponents θ, z and 2β/ν are estimated in our calculations.

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Osborne, K. Juston, Brian Kraus, Phoebe H. Lam, Teresa Vargas, and Vijay A. Mittal. "Contingent Negative Variation Blunting and Psychomotor Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 5 (March 27, 2020): 1144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa043.

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Abstract The contingent negative variation (CNV) is an event-related potential that provides a neural index of psychomotor processes (eg, attention and motor planning) well known to be dysfunctional in schizophrenia. Although evidence suggests that CNV amplitude is blunted in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) compared to healthy controls (HCs), there is currently no meta-analytic evidence for the size of the effect. Further, it is unknown how CNV blunting compares to closely related measures of psychomotor dysfunction, such as reaction time slowing. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled effect size (ES) across 30 studies investigating CNV amplitude differences between patients and HCs (NSZ = 685, NHC = 714). Effect sizes for reaction time slowing across the studies were also quantified. Potential moderators, including sample characteristics and aspects of the CNV measurement, were examined. There was robust blunting of CNV activity in patients compared to HCs (ES = −0.79). The magnitude of this effect did not differ from reaction time slowing. Notably, CNV blunting in patients was significantly greater at central sites (ES = −0.87) compared to frontal sites (ES = −0.48). No other assessed methodological characteristics significantly moderated the magnitude of CNV differences. There is a large effect for CNV blunting in SZ that appears robust to potential confounds or methodological moderators. In addition, reduced CNV activity was statistically comparable to that of reaction time slowing. Blunting was the largest at central electrodes, which has been implicated in motor preparation. These findings speak to the complexity of psychomotor dysfunction in SZ and suggest significant promise for a biomarker.

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Brehm, Jan David, Richard Gebauer, Alexander Stehli, Alexander N. Poddubny, Oliver Sander, Hannes Rotzinger, and Alexey V. Ustinov. "Slowing down light in a qubit metamaterial." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 20 (November 14, 2022): 204001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0122003.

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The rapid progress in quantum information processing leads to a rising demand for devices to control the propagation of electromagnetic wave pulses and to ultimately realize universal and efficient quantum memory. While in recent years, significant progress has been made to realize slow light and quantum memories with atoms at optical frequencies, superconducting circuits in the microwave domain still lack such devices. Here, we demonstrate slowing down electromagnetic waves in a superconducting metamaterial composed of eight qubits coupled to a common waveguide, forming a waveguide quantum electrodynamics system. We analyze two complementary approaches, one relying on dressed states of the Autler–Townes splitting and the other based on a tailored dispersion profile using the qubits tunability. Our time-resolved experiments show reduced group velocities of down to a factor of about 1500 smaller than in vacuum. Depending on the method used, the speed of light can be controlled with an additional microwave tone or an effective qubit detuning. Our findings demonstrate high flexibility of superconducting circuits to realize custom band structures and open the door to microwave dispersion engineering in the quantum regime.

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Sala, S., and D. R. Matteson. "Voltage-dependent slowing of K channel closing kinetics by Rb+." Journal of General Physiology 98, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 535–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.98.3.535.

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We have studied the effect of Rb+ on K channel closing kinetics in toadfish pancreatic islet cells. These channels are voltage dependent, activating at voltages positive to -10 mV. The channels also inactivate upon prolonged depolarizations, and the inactivation time course is best fit by the sum of two exponentials. Instantaneous current-voltage relationships show that external Rb+ enters the channel as easily as K+, but carries less current. In the voltage range from -140 to -50 mV, the closing time course of the channels can be fit with a single exponential. When Rb+ is present in the external solution the channels close more slowly. The magnitude of this Rb+ effect is voltage dependent, decreasing at more negative voltages. Similarly, when the internal solution contains Rb+ instead of K+ the closing time constants are increased. The effect of internal Rb+ is also voltage dependent; at voltages positive to -80 mV the closing time constant in internal Rb+ is slower than in K+, whereas at more negative voltages the difference is negligible. With internal Rb+, the relationship between the closing time constant and voltage is best fit with two exponential components, suggesting the presence of two distinct voltage-dependent processes. The results are discussed in terms of a model of the K channel with two internal binding sites, and we conclude that Rb+ produces its effects on channel gating by binding to a site in the pore.

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TSOURTOS, G., J. C. THOMPSON, and C. STOUGH. "Evidence of an early information processing speed deficit in unipolar major depression." Psychological Medicine 32, no. 2 (February 2002): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291701005001.

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Background. Slowing of the speed of information processing has been reported in geriatric depression, but it is not clear if the impairment is present in younger patients, if motor retardation is responsible, or if antidepressant medications play a role.Method. Twenty unmedicated unipolar depressed inpatients were compared with 19 medicated depressed in-patients and 20 age-, sex- and verbal IQ-matched controls on inspection time (IT), a measure of speed of information processing that does not require a speeded motor response. We also examined the relationship between IT and current mood and length of depressive illness.Results. Unmedicated depressed patients showed slowing of information processing speed when compared to both medicated depressed patients and controls. The latter two groups were not significantly different from each other. Slowing of IT was not associated with current mood, but was negatively correlated with length of illness since first episode. No differences in IT were found between patients receiving medication with anticholinergic effects and patients receiving medication with no anticholinergic effects.Conclusions. The findings indicate that unipolar depression is associated with a slowing of speed of information processing in younger patients who have not received antidepressant medication. This does not appear to be a result of motor slowing.

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Lynas, Kathie. "Prescription drug spending slowing for the first time in more than 20 years." Canadian Pharmacists Journal 140, no. 4 (July 2007): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701x(2007)140[227b:pdssft]2.0.co;2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Time Slowing'

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