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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method

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Academic literature on the topic 'Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method"

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Ebihara, Ken, Hiroaki Takahashi, and Isao Noda. "Nanosecond Two-Dimensional Resonance Raman Correlation Spectroscopy of Benzil Radical Anion." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 9 (September 1993): 1343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934067405.

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Nanosecond two-dimensional resonance Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the photochemistry of the production and decay of the radical anion of benzil in various solvents. A newly developed correlation formalism was applied to a set of time-resolved resonance Raman spectra of the benzil radical anion to generate two-dimensional Raman spectra. Unlike the 2D correlation method previously developed for IR spectroscopy, which was based on signals induced by a sinusoidally varying external perturbation, the new correlation formalism is generally applicable to the studies of any transient spectroscopic signals having an arbitrary waveform. This makes it ideally suited for the analysis of time-resolved spectroscopic signals following photoexcitation. 2D Raman spectra effectively accentuate certain useful information which is sometimes obscured in the original time-resolved spectra. Spectral intensity changes and peak shifts arising from the photochemical reaction processes were clearly observed by the synchronous and asynchronous correlation.

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Johansson, Jonas, Staffan Folestad, Mats Josefson, Anders Sparén, Christoffer Abrahamsson, Stefan Andersson-Engels, and Sune Svanberg. "Time-Resolved NIR/Vis Spectroscopy for Analysis of Solids: Pharmaceutical Tablets." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 6 (June 2002): 725–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370202760077676.

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Time-resolved spectroscopy in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions was used in a feasibility study for analysis of solid pharmaceuticals. The objective of the experiments was to study the interaction of light with pharmaceutical solids and to investigate the usefulness of the method as an analytical tool for spectroscopic analysis. In these experiments, a pulsed Ti:sapphire laser and white light generation in water was utilized to form a pulsed light source in the visible/NIR region. The light was focused onto the surface of tablets, and the transmitted light was detected by a time-resolving streak camera. Two types of measurements were performed. First, a spectrometer was put in front of the streak camera for spectral resolution. Secondly, the signal originating from different locations of the sample was collected. Time-resolved and wavelength/spatially resolved data were generated and compared for a number of different samples. The most striking result from the experiments is that the typical optical path length through a 3.5-mm-thick tablet is about 20–25 cm. This indicates very strong multiple scattering in these samples. Monte Carlo simulations and comparison with experimental data support very high scattering coefficients on the order of 500 cm−1. Furthermore, the data evaluation shows that photons with a particular propagation time through the sample contain a higher chemical contrast than other propagation times or than steady-state information. In conclusion, time-resolved NIR spectroscopy yields more information about solid pharmaceutical samples than conventional steady-state spectroscopy.

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Arjmand, S., M. P. Anania, A. Biagioni, M. Ferrario, M. Galletti, V. Lollo, D. Pellegrini, R. Pompili, and A. Zigler. "Different elements, same results: time-resolved temperature determination by oxygen and nitrogen elements." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 08 (August 1, 2023): P08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/08/p08003.

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Abstract The core purpose of this research is to use optical emission spectroscopy to determine the electron temperature (Te ) of a hydrogen plasma generated in a capillary discharge plasma, with a focus on its temporal variation. The plasma density (ne ) is first determined using the Stark broadening technique, which measures the broadening of spectral lines as a result of the electric field in the plasma. Subsequently, a passive spectroscopic technique is employed to estimate the electron plasma temperature by detecting the emitted light from the plasma. This spectral detection is performed using a visible range spectrometer. In this study, two elements, oxygen and nitrogen, are specifically selected based on the chemical composition of the capillary. The electron plasma temperature is estimated using the line ratio method, which involves comparing the intensities of two specific spectral lines emitted by the selected elements. By analyzing these line ratios, the electron plasma temperature can be inferred. The combination of the Stark broadening technique and line ratio method provides valuable insights into the plasma's physical characteristics, specifically its density and temperature.

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Trincao, Jose, Michelle L. Hamilton, Jeppe Christensen, and Arwen R. Pearson. "Dynamic structural science: recent developments in time-resolved spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography." Biochemical Society Transactions 41, no. 5 (September 23, 2013): 1260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20130125.

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To understand the mechanism of biological processes, time-resolved methodologies are required to investigate how functionality is linked to changes in molecular structure. A number of spectroscopic techniques are available that probe local structural rearrangements with high temporal resolution. However, for macromolecules, these techniques do not yield an overall high-resolution description of the structure. Time-resolved X-ray crystallographic methods exist, but, due to both instrument availability and stringent sample requirements, they have not been widely applied to macromolecular systems, especially for time resolutions below 1 s. Recently, there has been a resurgent interest in time-resolved structural science, fuelled by the recognition that both chemical and life scientists face many of the same challenges. In the present article, we review the current state-of-the-art in dynamic structural science, highlighting applications to enzymes. We also look to the future and discuss current method developments with the potential to widen access to time-resolved studies across discipline boundaries.

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Radu, Liliana, Doina Gazdaru, and B. Constantinescu. "Spectroscopic study of fast-neutron-irradiated chromatin." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 82, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y03-124.

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The effects produced by fast neutrons (0-100 Gy) on chromatin structure were analyzed by (i) [1H]-NMR spectroscopy, (ii) time resolved spectroscopy, and (iii) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Two types of chromatin were tested: (i) a chromatin from a normal tissue (liver of Wistar rats) and (ii) a chromatin from a tumoral tissue (Guerin limphotrope epithelioma, a rat solid tumor). The fast-neutron action on chromatin determines greater values of the [1H]-NMR transverse relaxation time, indicating a more injured structure. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements show that the relative contribution of the excited state lifetime of bound ethidium bromide to chromatin DNA diminishes with increasing irradiation doses. This reflects the damage that occurs in DNA structure: production of single- and double-strand breaks due to sugar and base modifications. By the FRET method, the distance between dansyl chloride and acridine orange coupled at chromatin was determined. This distance increases upon fast-neutron action. The radiosensitivity of the tumor tissue chromatin seems higher than that of the normal tissue chromatin, probably because of its higher (loose) euchromatin/(compact) heterochromatin ratio. As the values of the physical parameters analyzed are specific for a determined dose, the establishment of these parameters may constitute a criterion for the microdosimetry of chromatin radiolesions produced by fast neutrons.Key words: chromatin, spectroscopic study, radiolesions, fast neutrons, microdosimetry.

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Silly, Mathieu G. "High resolution and time resolved photoemission spectroscopy for developing more efficient materials to reduce energy consumption and increase renewable energy production." EPJ Web of Conferences 273 (2022): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202227301013.

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Due to the increase of energy consumption and the resulting ecological challenge, a collective awareness leads to the development of renewable energies and more efficient materials to increase the green energy production. Development of efficient photovoltaic materials is very closely related to their chemical and electronic properties. A better knowledge of these imbricated properties is needed, in addition to a better comprehension of their interplay with charge transport mechanisms. Exciton creation and recombination processes, charge transfer and charge collection processes take place at the surface and interface of the photoactive materials. Photoemission spectroscopy as chemical specific and surface sensitive spectroscopic technique is a method of choice on the study of physical phenomena at the origin of photoconversion efficiency. Time resolved photoemission spectroscopy has been recently renewed interest covering time scale from fs to more than seconds. It permits to probe the dynamics of relaxation of photoexcited charges and determine their lifetime. It finds application in various materials used in solar photovoltaics. In this paper, we define the physical and chemical properties determined by the combination of high resolution and time resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We show examples dealing with the development of renewable energy and energy consumption reduction in agreement with the current ecological trend for a better future.

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Takubo, Kou, Samiran Banu, Sichen Jin, Misaki Kaneko, Wataru Yajima, Makoto Kuwahara, Yasuhiko Hayashi, et al. "Generation of sub-100 fs electron pulses for time-resolved electron diffraction using a direct synchronization method." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 053005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086008.

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To investigate photoinduced phenomena in various materials and molecules, ultrashort pulsed x-ray and electron sources with high brightness and high repetition rates are required. The x-ray and electron’s typical and de Broglie wavelengths are shorter than lattice constants of materials and molecules. Therefore, photoinduced structural dynamics on the femtosecond to picosecond timescales can be directly observed in a diffraction manner by using these pulses. This research created a tabletop ultrashort pulsed electron diffraction setup that used a femtosecond laser and electron pulse compression cavity that was directly synchronized to the microwave master oscillator (∼3 GHz). A compressed electron pulse with a 1 kHz repetition rate contained 228 000 electrons. The electron pulse duration was estimated to be less than 100 fs at the sample position by using photoinduced immediate lattice changes in an ultrathin silicon film (50 nm). The newly developed time-resolved electron diffraction setup has a pulse duration that is comparable to femtosecond laser pulse widths (35–100 fs). The pulse duration, in particular, fits within the timescale of photoinduced phenomena in quantum materials. Our developed ultrafast time-resolved electron diffraction setup with a sub-100 fs temporal resolution would be a powerful tool in material science with a combination of optical pump–probe, time-resolved photoemission spectroscopic, and pulsed x-ray measurements.

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Robert, H., and D. J. Pusiol. "Fast ρ-NQR Imaging with Slice Selection." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 51, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1996): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1996-5-607.

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Abstract A combination of a new pulse sequence allowing fast data acquisition in the rotating frame version of NQR (ρ-NQRI) together with a method for slice selection, is reported. The procedure allows us to record the magnetization evolution during its motion in the rotating frame. At the same time a zero-crossing external magnetic field gradient is applied in order to select a determined slice of the object to be imaged. The experiments reported are the first steps toward a fast tridimensional ρ-NQRI; even more, as the spectroscopic information is preserved during the spatial encoding procedure, it could be considered as a 3D spatially resolved NQR spectroscopy technique.

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Fede, Letizia, Gregory Lefrere, Maroun Hjeij, Ronan Le Page, Luiz Poffo, Jean-Marc Goujon, and Aymeric Le Gratiet. "Multiparametric Remote Investigation in the near-IR through Optical Fiber for In Situ Measurements." Sensors 23, no. 6 (March 7, 2023): 2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23062911.

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Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) has proven to be a powerful, reliable, and non-invasive optical method for characterizing a specimen. Nevertheless, these methods are based on a rudimentary interpretation of the spectral response and can be irrelevant to understanding 3D structures. In this work, we proposed adding optical modalities into a customized handheld probe head in order to increase the number of parameters in DRS acquired from the light/matter interaction. It consists of (1) placing the sample in a reflectance manual rotation stage to collect spectral backscattered angularly resolved light and (2) illuminating it with two sequential linear polarization orientations. We demonstrate that this innovative approach leads to a compact instrument, capable of performing fast polarization-resolved spectroscopic analysis. Due to the significant amount of data available with this technique in a short time, we observe sensitive quantitative discrimination between two types of biological tissue provided by a raw rabbit leg. We believe that this technique can pave the way for rapid meat quality check or biomedical diagnosis of pathological tissues in situ at an early stage.

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Carden, Angela, Michael G. Yost, and Richard A. Fenske. "Noninvasive Method for the Assessment of Dermal Uptake of Pesticides Using Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 3 (March 2005): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702053585372.

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Dermal absorption of pesticides is a primary exposure route for agricultural workers, but is not well characterized. Current measurement techniques are either invasive, such as tape-stripping, or require extensive sample preparation or analysis time, such as urinary metabolite monitoring or wipe sampling followed by gas chromatography analysis. We present the application of a noninvasive, spectroscopic approach for the measurement of pesticide absorption into skin. Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) was used to monitor directly the absorption of two pesticides—captan and azinphos-methyl—in ten volunteers over 20 min under occlusive conditions. We found substantial variability in absorption across subjects. Our results were comparable to those measured by the more traditional method of wipe-sampling followed by extraction and gas chromatography analysis. Multivariate data analysis, in the form of multivariate curve resolution (MCR), is a novel addition to this type of experiment, yielding time-resolved information unachievable by standard methods. These data are potentially more informative than the monitoring of blood or urinary metabolites because they can be acquired in essentially real-time, allowing observations of pesticide absorption on a rapid timescale rather than over hours or days.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method"

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Challa, Jagannadha Reddy. "Electronic and Vibrational Dynamics of Heme Model Compounds-An Ultrafast Spectroscopic Study." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1181323422.

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Stötzel, Jan Eric [Verfasser]. "New methods and applications in time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy / Jan Stötzel." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-201503295470.

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Klufas, Megan J. "Resolving Membrane Receptor Multimerization in Live Cells using Time Resolved Fluorescence Methods." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron151017994353956.

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Karalidi, Theodora, Dániel Apai, Mark S. Marley, and Esther Buenzli. "MAPS OF EVOLVING CLOUD STRUCTURES IN LUHMAN 16AB FROM HST TIME-RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621380.

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WISE J104915.57-531906.1 is the nearest brown dwarf binary to our solar system, consisting of two brown dwarfs in the L/T transition: Luhman 16A and B. In this paper, we present the first map of Luhman 16A, and maps of Luhman 16B for two epochs. Our maps were created by applying Aeolus, a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo code that maps the top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) structure of brown dwarf and other ultracool atmospheres, to light curves of Luhman 16A and B using the Hubble Space Telescope's G141 and G102 grisms. Aeolus retrieved three or four spots in the TOA of Luhman 16A and B, with a surface coverage of 19%-32% (depending on an assumed rotational period of 5 hr or 8 hr) or 21%-38.5% (depending on the observational epoch), respectively. The brightness temperature of the spots of the best-fit models was similar to 200 K hotter than the background TOA. We compared our Luhman 16B map with the only previously published map. Interestingly, our map contained a large TOA spot that was cooler (Delta T similar to 51 K) than the background, which lay at low latitudes, in agreement with the previous Luhman 16B map. Finally, we report the detection of a feature reappearing in Luhman 16B light curves that are separated by tens of hundreds of rotations from each other. We speculate that this feature is related to TOA structures of Luhman 16B.

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Stötzel, Jan Eric [Verfasser]. "New methods and applications in time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy / Jan Eric Stötzel." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1069046620/34.

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Morajkar, Pranay P. "Application of laser photolysis coupled to time resolved optical detection methods to study the kinetics and spectroscopy of atmospherically relevant species." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10063/document.

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Les radicaux OH et HO2 jouent un rôle essentiel dans beaucoup de processus d’oxydationdans l’atmosphère. La dégradation des composés organiques volatils dans les conditionstroposphériques est généralement initiée par la réaction avec les radicaux OH, suivie par la réactiondes produits d’oxydation avec l’oxygène. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, des études ont été menéesafin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes d’oxydation d’espèces d’intérêt atmosphérique. Pour cela,un système expérimental de photolyse laser couplée à des techniques spectroscopiques de détectionrésolues dans le temps : Continuous Wave Cavity ring-down Spectroscopy (cw-CRDS) pour HO2,Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) pour OH et spectroscopy UV pour l’adduit Hexamethylbenzene-OH(HMB-OH) ont été utilisés. Différents systèmes chimiques ont été étudiés en utilisant ce dispositif expérimental : 1) laréaction d’HO2 avec CH2O, 2) la photolyse à 248 nm de l’acétaldéhyde et 3) la dégradation de HMBinitiée par OH. Les techniques de cw-CRDS et d’absorption UV ont été utilisées respectivement pourmesurer les sections efficaces de CH2O et de l’adduit HMB-OH
OH and HO2 radicals play a vital role in many oxidation processes in the atmosphere. Thedegradation of volatile organic compounds under tropospheric conditions is induced by reaction withhydroxyl radicals followed by the subsequent chemistry of the initial OH oxidation products with O2.This thesis deals with the kinetic study of some of these atmospherically relevant reactions to betterunderstand their oxidation mechanisms using experimental techniques such as laser photolysiscoupled to detection by Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF, for OH), continuous wave- Cavity RingdownSpectroscopy (cw-CRDS, for HO2) and time resolved UV spectroscopy (UV, forHexamethylbenzene-OH adduct). Different chemical systems have been studied using the above techniques: 1) the reaction ofHO2 radicals with formaldehyde, 2) the 248 nm photolysis of acetaldehyde and 3) the OH initiatedoxidation of Hexamethyl benzene. In addition to this, the spectroscopic application of cw-CRDStechnique and UV spectroscopy has been used for the measurement of absorption cross section ofselected absorption lines of formaldehyde in the near infrared region and Hexamethylbenzene-OHadduct in the UV region respectively

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Adams, J. W. "Kinetic investigations of selected alkaline-earth atoms by time-resolved spectroscopic methods including laser-induced atomic fluorescence and molecular chemiluminescence." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595351.

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This thesis is concerned with the kinetic investigation of gaseous alkaline-earth atoms in specific electronic states by time-resolved spectroscopic methods. The first part of the thesis is directed towards a study of the collisional behaviour of ground state atoms, in particular, Sr[5s²(¹S₀)], generated by pulsed irradiation and monitored by time-resolved atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy. In broader terms, it was also envisaged that this would provide a framework for considering and comparing the behaviour of this atom in both ground and excited state reactions, especially that of Sr[5s5p(³P_J)], described later in the thesis, in order to investigate the relationship between collisional behaviour and electronic structure. Whilst this method did not yield data for Sr[5s²(¹S₀)], the investigation did provide a structure for considering alkaline-earth atom chemistry in general. The second part of the thesis describes the study of the collisional behaviour of the electronically excited strontium atom, Sr[5s5p(³P_J)], generated by pulsed laser excitation at elevated temperatures. The reactions of this optically metastable atomic state with the molecules CH₃Cl, CF₃Cl, CH₃Br and CF₃Br were studied by both time-resolved atomic emission from Sr[5s5p(³P₁)] → Sr[5s²(¹S₀)] and time-resolved molecular chemiluminescence from SrX(A²Π_1/2,3/2, B²Σ⁺ - X²Σ⁺), following halogen atom (X = Cl, Br) abstraction. Quantitative characterisation of the time-dependencies of the atomic and molecular emissions indicated direct halogen abstraction by Sr(5³P_J). Branching ratios into these specific molecular electronic states were derived by computerised integration of the intensities of the atomic and molecular decay profiles and were shown to be statistical in nature.

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Khesbak, Hassan. "Time-resolved HYDRATION-PERTURBATION-FTIR spectroscopy: A new method to identify water H-bond networks that couple hydration to DNA conformation." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-78111.

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The solvent-solute interface of a biomolecule is a dynamic but yet highly structured domain that links a chemically diverse solute surface to the chemically homogeneous bulk aqueous phase. The role of the resulting intermediate domain, i.e. the "hydration shell", in regulating DNA structure and recognition has been addressed here by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. A highly reproducible automated hydration pulse regime was established and implemented for attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to monitor the structural response of DNA to an incremental growth of its hydration shell on its intrinsic time scale of seconds. The transition from the crystallographically defined BI to the BII substate of B-DNA was found to be driven by the increase of water disorder upon growth of the hydration shell, derived from the water OH-stretching absorption frequency and band width changes. 2D correlation analysis was used to identify different water clusters from the temporal behaviour of their water OH stretching frequencies. The results show that BII-stabilizing structural constraints are exerted by strong water-DNA H-bonds in the grooves of B-DNA and are relieved when the groove-bound water merges into a contiguous hydration shell with the less H-bonded PO2- -solvation sphere at ~14 water molecules per DNA phosphate. The H-bond imbalance at the disjunct hydration sites is split symmetrically around the average H-bond strength of bulk water. Thus, merging into a contiguous hydration shell proceeds at little enthalpic cost and homogeneous connectivity to the outer bulk-like H-bond network, such that alteration in the network distant from the DNA can regulate the BI-BII transition in a cooperative manner. The water connectivity is disrupted by DNA-binding peptides. Remarkably, the data show that the replacement of hydration shell water upon ligand biding is crucial in conferring substate specific recognition by peptides that have little intrinsic structural preference. The antibacterial peptide indolicidin secreted from bovine neutrophils dehydrates the non-PO2--bound hydration sites, thereby rendering the unstructured peptide highly specific for the BI state with vibrational signature almost identical to the bacterial minor groove binder netropsin. The proposed dominant role of hydration shell water for DNA conformation was challenged by studying the competing effect of structured water in the coordination-shell of the lanthanide Eu3+ on water structure in the DNA hydration shell. Whereas no effect is seen at low hydration, a hydrogen-like phase is formed at a stoichiometric ratio of Eu3+ :DNA:H2O of 1:10:140, characterized by a strong increase of the molar volume of hydration water. This novel phase appears attractive for lanthanide and possibly actine separation approaches based on biomolecular coordination.

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Harding, D. R. "The collisional behaviour of Si and SiF in specific electronic states studied by time-resolved spectroscopic methods, including electronic transition calculations on SiF." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355871.

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Welzel, Thomas. "Time-resolved characterisation of pulsed magnetron discharges for the deposition of thin films with plasma diagnostic methods." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-81968.

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Research on the characterisation and understanding of pulsed magnetron discharges used for the deposition of thin, especially dielectric, films has been carried out between 2003 and 2008 at Chemnitz University of Technology. This thesis is a collection and summary of the original research during this period. In the main part of the thesis, work published in peer-reviewed scientific papers is summarised and yet unpublished results are given in more detail. Different aspects highlighted in the publications are described in a general context of the characterisation of the pulsed discharges for the principal understanding. The cross-linking of the published results is addressed and where necessary extensions to the publications are given. The main part is organised in three sections. In the first one, basics of pulsed magnetron discharges, their application, and important questions are summarised. The second section describes general results and physics of the discharges that have been obtained during the research work. It also emphasises the successful development or modifications of experimental techniques for the time-resolved characterisation. The third section addresses the possibilities to modify and control the process by external parameters that are typically accessible during the application or required by it. An appendix to the thesis comprises selected published research work which is made available as reprints of the original publications. Other publications which are not included as reprints are referenced to in the main part
Untersuchungen zur Charakterisierung und zum Verständnis gepulster Magnetronentladungen, die zur Abscheidung von dünnen Schichten, besonders von dielektrischen Schichten, verwendet werden, wurden in den Jahren 2003 bis 2008 an der Technischen Universität Chemnitz durchgeführt. Diese Arbeit ist eine Sammlung und Zusammenfassung von neuen Forschungsergebnissen, die in diesem Zeitraum gewonnen wurden. Im Hauptteil der Habilitationsschrift werden die Arbeiten, die in referierten wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften erschienen sind, zusammengefasst und noch unveröffentlichte Ergebnisse ausführlicher beschrieben. Verschiedene Aspekte, die in den Veröffentlichungen herausgestrichen wurden, werden in einem allgemeinen Zusammenhang der Charakterisierung gepulster Entladungen für ein prinzipielles Verständnis dargestellt. Querverbindungen zwischen den veröffentlichten Ergebnissen werden herausgearbeitet und wo nötig werden Erweiterungen der Originalveröffentlichungen vorgenommen. Der Hauptteil der Habilitationsschrift ist in drei Abschnitte unterteilt. Im ersten Teil werden Grundzüge gepulster Entladungen, ihre Anwendung und wesentliche Fragestellungen zusammengefasst. Der zweite Abschnitt beschreibt allgemeine Ergebnisse und die Physik der Entladungen, die während der Forschungsarbeit herausgearbeitet wurden. Er stellt auch die erfolgreiche Neuentwicklung oder Modifikation von Messtechniken zur zeitaufgelösten Charakterisierung heraus. Der dritte Abschnitt befasst sich mit den Möglichkeiten, den Beschichtungsprozess durch externe Parameter, die typischerweise während der Prozessanwendung zugänglich oder auch erforderlich sind, zu modifizieren und zu steuern. Der Anhang der Schrift beinhaltet ausgewählte Originalveröffentlichungen, die in Form von Reprints zugänglich gemacht werden. Andere Veröffentlichungen, die nicht im Anhang enthalten sind, werden im Hauptteil zitiert

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Books on the topic "Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method"

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1947-, Ng C. Y., and Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., eds. Optical methods for time- and state-resolved chemistry: 23-25 January 1992, Los Angeles, California. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method"

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Anner, O., G. D. Greenblatt, Y. Haas, and H. Zuckerman. "Time Resolved Spectroscopy of Jet-Cooled Acetone." In Methods of Laser Spectroscopy, 407–10. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9459-8_52.

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Soloviov, Dmytro, Valentin Borshchevskiy, and Igor Chizhov. "Time-Resolved UV-VIS Spectroscopy of Microbial Rhodopsins." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 169–79. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2329-9_8.

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Bras, Wim, and Andrew M. Beale. "Combined time-resolved X-ray scattering and spectroscopy methods." In Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds, 257–88. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849734899-00257.

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Buck, Janina, Boris Fürtig, Jonas Noeske, Jens Wöhnert, and Harald Schwalbe. "Time-Resolved NMR Spectroscopy: Ligand-Induced Refolding of Riboswitches." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 161–71. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-558-9_12.

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Kurizki, G., and A. Ben-Reuven. "Time-Resolved Photofragment Fluorescence as a Probe of Laser-Pulse Molecular Dissociation." In Methods of Laser Spectroscopy, 443–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9459-8_60.

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Laubereau, Alfred. "New Techniques of Time-Resolved Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy Using Ultrashort Laser Pulses." In Methods of Laser Spectroscopy, 63–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9459-8_8.

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Gelin, Maxim F., Wolfgang Domcke, and Dassia Egorova. "Efficient Methods for Computation of Ultrafast Time- and Frequency-Resolved Spectroscopic Signals." In Computational Strategies for Spectroscopy, 445–73. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118008720.ch9.

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Declémy, A., C. Rullière, and Ph Kottis. "Picosecond Photodynamics of the Excited States of Organic Compounds in Solution Using Time Resolved Spectroscopy." In Methods of Laser Spectroscopy, 129–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9459-8_18.

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Schmidt, Cédric. "Method and Setup Description." In Time-Resolved Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Molecules in the Gas and Liquid Phases, 29–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67838-8_3.

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van Lap, Dao, and Sabine Rentsch. "Fs-Time Resolved Measurements of Nonlinear Refraction Index of Semiconductor Doped Glass by Deflection Method." In Ultrafast Processes in Spectroscopy, 629–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5897-2_140.

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Conference papers on the topic "Time-resolved Spectroscopic Method"

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Gygax, Hansruedi, Ekkehard Görlach, Alexander Rebane, and Urs P. Wild. "Subnanosecond Time Resolved Study of Accumulated Photon Echoes in Chlorin Doped Polymer Films at 1.2 K." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.the11.

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Organic impurity systems which exhibit effect of photoburning of persistent spectral holes have several interesting spectroscopic and prospective practical applications [1, 2]. A CW holographic technique for detecting of narrow hole shapes in thin polymer films doped with organic dye molecules can be used in combination with a variable-strength applied electric field to obtain information about the homogeneous line shapes and symmetry properties of the impurity centres [3]. This method serves also as a demonstration of the possibility of parallel optical computing [4].

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Feldstein, Mark J., Weining Wang, and Norbert F. Scherer. "Femtosecond Optical Spectroscopy and Scanning Probe Microscopy." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.tue.35.

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Understanding surface mediated reactions involves the correlation of local electronic and topological structure with reactivity. Further, an improved understanding of localized reactivity would benefit from dynamical studies.1 The study of complex interfaces and mechanisms of electrochemical reactivity would certainly benefit from such insights. Towards this end, a new experimental technique that is a promising approach for simultaneous spatial and temporal resolution of optically initiated dynamics at interfaces is presented. The method, based on the integration of femtosecond-optical spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy (FOS-SPM), is capable of spatial localization of optically induced phenomenon at interfaces. Spatially localized, time resolved spectroscopic measurements are achieved via coupling of the metal SPM tip to an optical field at the interface.2,3 FOS-SPM has been shown to be capable of identifying and differentiating between different opto-electronic mechanisms, specifically multi-photon ionization (MPI) and optical rectification.4 Preliminary results on the application of FOS-SPM to study localized surface reactivity are presented.

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Weidner, H., and R. E. Peale. "Improved Time-resolved Fourier Spectroscopy." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fts.1997.ftub.3.

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Fourier spectroscopy is widely acknowledged as a powerful tool for steady-signal spectroscopy. It is becoming popular also for time-resolved measurements with step-scan interferometers providing for the widest range of possible time constants and repetition rates. The simpler, more numerous continuously scanning interferometers have seemed less suitable for time-resolved measurements because such data acquisition needs to be more or less closely synchronized to the continuous stream of sampling requests issued by these instruments. Of the several schemes for TRS with continuous-scan instruments, the interleaved or stroboscopic technique least restricts the time constant and repetition rate of the transient events, but this method is prone to artifacts and noise [1,2,3]. Small variations of the interferometer-mirror speed are a source of noise and possibly artifacts [3,4], Our “Event-Locked” data acquisition / analysis method eliminates these problems by reducing the need to synchronize the data acquisition to the scanning motion of the mirror, which simultaneously simplifies the experiment [5].

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Peak, R. E., and H. Weidner. "Event-locked method of gated and time-resolved Fourier spectroscopy." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fts.1999.ftha4.

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Ueda, Y., K. Yoshimoto, E. Yamaki, T. Suzuki, T. Yamanaka, D. Yamashita, H. Ogura, et al. "Time-resolved spectroscopy method for breast cancer detection." In Biomedical Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/biomed.2012.btu3a.26.

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Leone, Stephen R., T. Rick Fletcher, and Eric L. Woodbridge. "Pulsed Time-Resolved Fourier Transform Infrared Emission Spectroscopy." In High Resolution Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hrfts.1989.tua2.

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A variety of time-resolved Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques have been described in the literature.1–11 The basic concept is to trigger a transient event such as a chemical photolysis, for example with a lamp or a laser, and to acquire absorption or emission amplitudes with the Fourier transform interferometer at specific time delays after the triggering event. One method steps the mirror to a new fixed position and takes a time-resolved trace at each position. The difficulty with this method comes in the long-term instrument stability of the mirror position in this "step and stop" mode of operation.2–4 Another method allows the mirror to sweep rapidly and continuously, and data at a number of times after a single triggering event are collected as the mirror sweeps. The point in the interferogram where the trigger occurs is varied, so that data are obtained at all mirror positions and times. These data are then used to construct interferograms at a number of different time delays after the triggering event. This method has sometimes been found to have artifacts if there is Jitter in the sweep speed of the mirror or if the amplitude of the initiating source is not constant.5

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Silverman, Scott, Richard Aucoin, Daniel Ehrlich, and Kenneth Nill. "OBIC Endpointing Method for Laser Thinning of Flip-Chip Circuits." In ISTFA 1998. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1998p0461.

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Abstract Laser microchemical etching systems provide enhanced through-wafer IR viewing and provide access for focused ion beam (FIB) tools and e-beam testers on flip-chip packaged die [1]. In demanding applications, laser etching is directed at rates of 100,000 cubic micrometers per second and must be stopped within 10 to 15 micrometers (thickness remaining) of the active flip-chip circuit. In cases where the initial die thickness is known, the laser process is sufficiently reproducible and system depth of focus is sufficiently narrow to place the laseretched floor within an accuracy of about plus or minus 5 micrometers relative to the initial surface of the die. However, greater accuracy is often desired to minimize FIB etch time. In addition, the laser step is often proceeded by a mechanical thinning operation on the die. This mechanical process introduces an uncertainty in initial part thickness, as well as part wedge and bowing. In this paper we describe an optical beam induced current (OBIC) method for accurate closed-loop endpointing with direct reference to the active device surface on the flipped die. The method relies on an exponentially increasing current that is induced by the laser as the device is thinned. Because of the strong absorption of the silicon bulk at visible wavelengths, the signal is sensitive to submicrometer thickness changes and, hence, may be used to stop the laser etching process with high accuracy at the desired 10 to 15 micrometer distance from the active circuit. The new technique has been studied on commercially available devices and shown to be insensitive to localized device junction density. Hence, endpointing is not highly dependent on the circuit design or exact placement of circuit elements. We outline the substrate and circuit properties that are most relevant to accurate implementation of the technique. The laser-etch process dependency of the OBIC signal has also been characterized. Simple high-speed closed loop electronics have been developed in order to apply the method for in situ endpointing New failure analysis/circuit debug techniques, including spectroscopic photoemission and picosecond time-resolved methods rely on observation of weak optical signals through the wafer. These would optimally be viewed though a remaining silicon thickness of a few micrometers or less. The limits of the OBIC endpointing method have been explored for the high-speed preparation of ultra thin local viewing windows in support of these new techniques.

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Harris, J. M., P. E. Poston, P. Stone, and X. R. Zhu. "Time-Resolved Laser Calorimetry of Photoinitiated Processes." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1990.tuc2.

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Photothermal spectroscopy with pulsed laser sources is developing into a powerful method for determining nonradiative, excited state quantum yields and decay kinetics of molecules in solution. The measurement is an example of photocalorimetry where the heat given off by the decay of excited states and/or photoproducts is observed as an increase in the sample temperature. Photoacoustic spectroscopy with a pulsed laser and a high bandwidth piezo electric transducer allows the time-dependence of the heat release from excited states to be measured directly with submicrosecond time resolution. The instrument signature on the heat signal for this method, however, is not ideal for determining the photoreaction kinetics of the sample due to acoustic resonances and lack of any low-frequency response.

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Kobayashi, T., E. Tokunaga, and A. Terasaki. "Frequency-domain interferometer for femtosecond time-resolved phase spectroscopy." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tud27.

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In femtosecond absorption spectroscopy, by the pump-probe technique with a white-light continuum difference transmission spectra (DTS) can be obtained by a single-shot measurement in principle. On the other hand, in femtosecond phase spectroscopy, which should be complementary to femtosecond absorption spectroscopy, there have been no methods so far by which difference phase spectra (DPS) can be obtained by a single-shot measurement.

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Powell, Jay R., K. Krishnan, T. Yokoyama, and T. Nakano. "Sampling methods in time-resolved infrared spectroscopy of liquid crystal systems." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy: Ninth International Conference, edited by John E. Bertie and Hal Wieser. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.166648.

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