Journal articles: 'Timber usage in Indonesia'

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Sabiila, Reza Ahda, Eko Ruddy Cahyadi, and Hartrisari Hardjomidjojo. "Kesiapan Industri Rumah Tangga Mebel terhadap Penerapan Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu di Yogyakarta." Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi 9, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v1i1.25369.

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Illegal logging and illegal timber trade have been ones of major causes of deforestation in many countries, including Indonesia. Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu/SVLK) is an instrument to improve governance of timber sector. The system ensures the legality of timber harvested, transported, processed, and marketed by Indonesian forestry enterprises. SVLK is developed through engagement of multi-stakeholder (scholars, business association, relevant ministries, and NGOs). Implementation of SVLK is mandatory. Since implemented, SVLK has increased export of forest products. However, the export is dominated by large scale enterprises. On other hand, many of small and medium scale industries are yet registered. Micro and small scale industries have basic difficulties to meet the applicable standards of SVLK. According to background and issues, the study aims to analyze distribution network, small business profit, cost of SVLK implementation, and the application of svlk feasibility financial simulation on small scale industries furniture. Primary data collection was carried out with purposive sampling method through deep interview and questionnaires. The result showed there were 3 alternative distribution channels of community wood marketing in Yogyakarta. Each distribution channel has different characteristics. Cost percentage of SVLK implementation is 4.00%. The actual challenge is in the equally distributed information and incompatibility between the requirements of SVLK and the life of small scale industries. SVLK requires Rp 7.787.500,- in early periode and Rp 6.230.000,- to be paid every 2 years. The total cost is Rp 32.707.500,- for 10 years. There are only 7% of small scale industries knowing about SVLK. Small scale industries which don’t know clearly is 50 %, while other small scale industries claim to be uninformed. Based on the study, NPV Rp 10.011.212,-, BCR 1,13 dan investment return rate 18%. Feasibility financial simulation showed SVLK implementation is possible, although has little positive sales development. Small scale furniture industries with 144 m3 raw material per year usage have to target 12% sales development in first year. In second year of implementation, small scale furniture industries cashflow has negative point. It caused by surveillance cost. Small scale furniture industries interest to SVLK implementation was in minimum point. Small scale furniture industries interest to SVLK implementation can be increased by certification financing programs and the export market assurance.

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Sanjaya, Wisnu A., and Rumiati Rosaline Tobing. "Modular Low-Cost Vertical Housing Benefit from Using Prefabricated Cross Laminated Timber Panel." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v3i2.70.

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Surabaya is the second most populated city in Indonesia. Its ever-growing population creates a problem with its limited number of low-cost housing. Seeing how slow the progress of constructing low cost vertical housing to meet the demands, it requires a faster and more efficient way. By using a modular construction method, this paper tries to analyze the benefit of using an alternate material such as prefabricated CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panel. CLT panel shows a high potential in creating a better construction that is more environmentally friendly while still benefiting from a faster and lower cost by overall. Siwalankerto vertical housing was chosen due to its modular style of design and usage of material in its façade that is easier to simulate using a prefabricated material. Its location in Surabaya that is near Gresik where the manufactures capable manufacturing the prefabricated material also make it a great choice. This paper limits itself on construction efficiency and effectiveness simulated towards using prefabricated CLT panel and the effects of said material to the organization of rooms inside the building.

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Sanjaya, Wisnu A., and Rumiati R. Tobing. "RUMAH SUSUN MODULAR DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PAPAN PRAFABRIKASI CLT, KASUS : Rumah Susun Siwalankerto, Surabaya (Modular Low-Cost Vertical Housing Benefit from Using Prefabricated Cross Laminated Timber Panel)." ARTEKS Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/artk.v3i2.168.

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Surabaya is the second most populated city in Indonesia. Its ever-growing population creates a problem with its limited number of low-cost housing. Seeing how slow the progress of constructing low cost vertical housing to meet the demands, it requires a faster and more efficient way. By using a modular construction method, this paper tries to analyze the benefit of using an alternate material such as prefabricated CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panel. CLT panel shows a high potential in creating a better construction that is more environmentally friendly while still benefiting from a faster and lower cost by overall. Siwalankerto vertical housing was chosen due to its modular style of design and usage of material in its façade that is easier to simulate using a prefabricated material. Its location in Surabaya that is near Gresik where the manufactures capable manufacturing the prefabricated material also make it a great choice. This paper limits itself on construction efficiency and effectiveness simulated towards using prefabricated CLT panel and the effects of said material to the organization of rooms inside the building.

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Herpendi, Herpendi, Veri Julianto, Khairul Anwar Hafizd, and Rabini Sayyidati. "IOT Based Smart Lamp for Efficient Usage of Electrical Energy." Logic : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi 19, no. 2 (July 29, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/logic.v19i2.1277.

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The government is proclaiming the electrical energy saving campaign in order to raise the people’s awareness of its importance. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM Ministry) of the Republic of Indonesia stated that a year of energy saving equals to the amount of saving Rp43.000.000.000.000,00 (forty three trillion rupiah) of money, which is also equal to a construction of electric steam power plant with the capacity of 3.500 megawatts (MW). One of the programs that has been encouraged by the government is the 'turn off the light' campaign. Turning off lights is a simple but often neglected thing. Apart from the limited awareness to save the energy for a better future, people are often too busy to do it. In 2015, Taruna built an Arduino Micro-controller based light control system using Android smartphone to provide ease, specifically for physically disabled and elderly. The shortcomings of this system are that the lights cannot be turned on and off automatically (smart) with timer and it can only be controlled at close range (bluetooth). Development of technology with the internet guide can easily help human, and thus, this research aims to improve the system with the time control (timer) and close range control (bluetooth) as well as the long range using SMS and internet. The system is built with the prototype model that incude the communication, fast planning, fast prototype designing and building, system submission and feedback. The result of this system building is that the light can be controlled using bluetooth and also provide a faster response time; less than a second (as well as the timer). The light can also be controlled from a long range using the internet connection, giving a response time between 14 to 17 seconds. When a light control command occurs, the SMS notification is sent to the cell phone of the user. Using this system, the light can be controlled correctly in order to conveniently give the user effectivity and efficiency in electrical energy usage.

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Laksono, Dessy Ariffiyanto. "Implementation of IoT to reduce the use of electrical energy." Borobudur Informatics Review 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/binr.5021.

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Electricity consumption in Indonesia continues to increase by an average of 6.8% per year. IoT in 4.0 industry can be used to help community in reducing energy consumtion, including electricity, by implementing smart home sensor and actuator in IoT can be used to control the electricity consumtion automatically. This research has an objective to design and apply smart home that can reduce the electricity consumtion. The Smart Home device is an Arduino ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller equipped with a PIR sensor, DHT11 sensor and relay. This system is connected to the website as a controlling system. The smart home can also reduce power usage on street light by 7,524.91 watts (59.72%), living room light by 1,500 watts (50%), kitchen light by 2699,94 watts (75 )%), the main room lamp is 1259.98 watts (50%). Smart home system with a timer for one month can reduce power usage by 12,984.83 watts (12.01%) and can reduce the cost of using electrical devices by Rp. 16,881 (12.01%).

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Arif, Irawan, Kismartini, Hidayat Jafron Wasiq, Abdulah Lutfy, Suryaningsih Rahma, and Arini Diah Irawati Dwi. "The Uses of Cempaka Wood (Magnolia spp) by the Community in Rumoong Atas Village North Sulawesi, Indonesia and Its Environmental Impact." E3S Web of Conferences 317 (2021): 01098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131701098.

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The uses of cempaka wood to satisfy the demand in constructing houses and household furniture is considered as environmental-friendly doings which can reinforce the efforts of preventing global warming. Cempaka is commonly used by the people in North Sulawesi. This study aims to discover the use of cempaka wood in Rumoong Atas Village, North Sulawesi and its environmental impact. The methods employed are descriptive method based on the interview results from the participants in Rumoong Atas Village and field surveys. The findings indicate that there are various usages of cempaka wood in the village. The villagers prefer cempaka woods because of hereditary uses and the level of cultural historical attachment, excellent timber quality and texture, and the availability. These diverse functions contain implications for abundant existence of cempaka plants around Rumoong Atas Village. The survival of cempaka plants must be maintained and developed continuously because of their varied functions in Rumoong Atas area. The enhancement of these plants by the public of Rumoong Atas is expected to preserve the existence of natural forests in North Sulawesi which have been declining in both quality and quantity and deliver significant influence towards additional width of critical areas.

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Septiyana, Diah. "WATER CONSUMPTION PREDICTION USING FUZZY TIME SERIES - A CASE STUDY IN PRIVATE COMPANY OF TANGERANG DISTRICT INDONESIA." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 15, no. 3 (September 14, 2020): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.15.3.203-208.

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Consumption of water in the Tangerang Regency continuously increases from year to year due to the increasing population and birth rates an average increase of 3% every year. So, the water demand prediction to be important to meet customer or community needs. The private water utility company needs to use a new method for predicting future monthly water consumption values and improves accuracy when forecasting time series using a visibility graph and presents to make more accurate predictions. In this study, we aim to measure the trend analysis volume of water consumption prediction by Fuzzy Time Series versus actual usage volume. Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) is a concept plan method that uses fuzzy logic that is able to provide predictions (estimates) of time series data analysis for the next several periods. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is obtained for different configurations of the input sets and of the FTS model structure. From the results of the average value error accuracy was only 4.5% using FTS Chen Method and included in the low category and water consumption actual versus prediction with the FTS Chen method shown related stable.

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Mumbunan, Sonny, and Riko Wahyudi. "Revenue loss from legal timber in Indonesia." Forest Policy and Economics 71 (October 2016): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2016.06.025.

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Lupanova, Ye M. "FORMATION OF THE MARKET FOR SAW BOARDS IN RUSSIA XVIII CENTURY." Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 01, no. 05 (March 25, 2021): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-01-90-101.

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The article is devoted to the history of sawn timber dispensing in Russia. The new kind of material appeared for the satisfaction of needs, which had not existed earlier. Then other ways of usage were performed. At last the outlet was partly affectedly formed to encourage the new technology. The usage of sawn timber from one side was determined, from the other side determined the development of Russian trade, water- and land-transport, house-building and everyday life.

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Astana, S., W. F. Riva, G. Hardiyanto, H. Komarudin, and A. Sukanda. "Towards improved forestry performance: evaluating the added value of the timber legality assurance system in Indonesia." International Forestry Review 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554820828671517.

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Indonesia is a main tropical timber-producing country and is a leader in implementing Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Voluntary Partnership Agreements (FLEGT-VPA) with the European Union (EU). In 2015, as a part of the FLEGT-VPA process, the government began a timber legality assurance system called Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK), which is mandatory for all timber product businesses. Since November 2016, Indonesia has issued FLEGT licenses for timber products exported to the EU. This study shows that the SVLK scheme has added value for the public in controlling timber legality, eradicating illegal logging and illegal timber trading, enhancing sustainable forest management and contributing to legal timber trading. The scheme also has added value in providing legal certainty for businesses. However, it contributes less to product marketing and its use as a standard to assess sustainable forest management needs to be evaluated.

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Vavrusova, Kristyna. "New Alternative Methods for Design of Joints and Elements of Timber Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1710.

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The aim of this paper is demonstration of usage possibility of fully probabilistic methods for design and assess of timber structures elements due their expression of material properties with bounded histograms because timber in terms of one strength class shows broad range of strength properties.

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Krišták, L'uboš, Rastislav Igaz, Dušan Brozman, Roman Réh, Petra Šiagiová, Ján Stebila, and Alena Očkajová. "Life Cycle Assessment of Timber Formwork: Case Study." Advanced Materials Research 1001 (August 2014): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.155.

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The article deas with evaluation of the selected parts of a life cycle of timber formwork on a wooden basis, notably in the field of manufacturing and usage. Experimental research focused mainly on assessing the possibilities of energy savings in a manufacturing process through shortening a technological process of moulding. By optimalisation of a moulding period, it is possible to achieve considerable energy savings. Based upon the experiments, we created an experimental model in order to determine optimum moulding time. Withing a process of usage, we evaluated particular materials with regard to re-use cycle based upon the experience of commercial manufacturers.

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YONARIZA and EDWARD L. WEBB. "Rural household participation in illegal timber felling in a protected area of West Sumatra, Indonesia." Environmental Conservation 34, no. 1 (February 14, 2007): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892907003542.

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Illegal logging is a threat to tropical forests in protected areas, yet the factors motivating it need to be better understood. Here, rural household participation in timber felling in the Barisan I Nature Reserve (West Sumatra) was described, the household contextual factors relating to this participation analysed and the importance of these activities to the household income assessed. Nearly 19% of the sampled households cut or hauled timber in the Reserve, and the demand for cash encouraged participation. Alternative livelihoods such as livestock raising and agroforestry intensification outside the Reserve could reduce the need for timber felling. Knowledge about legal status of the Reserve did not affect the odds of a household engaging in timber harvesting, but greater awareness of the Reserve resulted in lower levels of income from timber. Development policy that seeks to provide livelihood alternatives to timber felling households could reduce dependence on timber and contribute to forest conservation in the Reserve. Moreover, conservation outcomes should improve if control over the protection and enforcement of the Reserve is co-managed between the government and the local communities.

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Domenig, Gaudenz. "Timber orientation in the traditional architecture of Indonesia." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 164, no. 4 (2008): 450–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003651.

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One of the fascinating aspects of the traditional architecture of Indonesia is the hidden order resulting from orienting certain elements – posts, beams, skirting planks, and the like – by following certain rules that take account of the direction in which the wood has grown in the living tree. Although long known from occasional mentions in the relevant literature, it is only since the 1970s that anthropologists have become aware that the custom deserves more attention. More and more researchers began to include timber orientation among the topics covered in their fieldwork; as a result, an increasing number of published works now include a few lines, or even a few pages, on the subject.

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Li, Guang Yao, and Wen Guang Wang. "Study on Nail Holding Power of Bamboo Integrated Timber for Decoration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (January 2014): 324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.324.

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By measuring the nail holding power used in the decoration of bamboo integrated timber, analyze the influence of bolt category,diameter of guiding bore and screwing depth. The results show that the bolt joint strength of bamboo integrated timber was obviously increased in usage with the decreasing of diameter of guiding bore and the increasing of screwing depth.

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Kyy, V. V., and I. F. Kolyadzhyn. "Usage of Plastic Chute Systems for Primary Transportation of Timber." Scientific Bulletin of UNFU 26, no. 1 (February 25, 2016): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/40260150.

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Ridho, Antoko, Laode Muhamad Fathun, and Mansur Juned. "IMPLEMENTASI KERJASAMA INDONESIA â€“ INGGRIS DALAM KERANGKA MULTISTAKEHOLDER FORESTRY PROGRAMME 3 (MFP 3) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUK KAYU INDONESIA." Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies 3, no. 1 (July 5, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/japs.v3i1.967.

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This study discusses the Implementation of Indonesian and British Cooperation in the Elite Cooperation of Multistakeholders Forestry Program. In this collaboration Indonesia and the UK have rules regarding the existence of illegal logging in Indonesia. Indonesia's policy is Certification of Timber Legality Verification. The United Kingdom or the European Union has a policy that is Law Enforcement and Forest Law Governance (FLEGT). This research was conducted on the Implementation of MFP 3 on Indonesian wood products. The Thinking Framework of this model uses the theory of International Cooperation, the Concept of Sustainable Development. This research uses descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The collaboration between Indonesia and the UK produces several impacts on Illegal Logging and timber production and forest management in Indonesia in 2014-2016.

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Kewilaa, Benoni, and Apri Tehupeiory. "Effects of Working Time and the Volume and Weight of Timber on Productivity of Log Loader Caterpillar Type 966 F and WL 980 C." Wood Research Journal 6, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2015.6.1.8-13.

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Timber harvesting involves a series of activities to move timber from harvesting sites to the processing sites. The activities could be divided into four main components: felling, skidding, hauling and stockpiling. Loading at the landing site and unloading of cargo at the log yard are some of the major activities in timber harvesting. The overall activity is influenced by various factors such as timber volume and weight as well as working time. However, there has been lack of empirical information about what factors influenced by the productivity of timber harvesting in tropical forest in eastern Indonesia. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of timber volume and weight as well as the working time and their interaction on the productivity of Log Loader Caterpillar 966 F Type and WL 980 C which are the most commonly used equipments in tropical timber harvesting in Indonesia. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that on the loading productivity, the volume and weight of timber, the working time and interaction among them showed positive coefficient regression but others showed negative coefficient regression; while on the unloading productivity, volume, the working time, interaction between volume and weight of timber, and interaction between weight of timber and working time showed positive coefficient regression but others showed negative coefficient regression; and on loading and unloading productivity of cargo per round trip hauling, volume and weight of timber showed positive coefficient regression, but their interaction shows negative coefficient regression. Thus, these factors were taken into account in predicting the magnitude of tool productivity.

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Demir, Murat, and Tolga Ozturk. "Investigation and Situation of Timber Harvesting Mechanization of Turkey and the Usage of Tractors in Timber Extraction." American Journal of Environmental Sciences 1, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2005.97.101.

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Soenarno, Dulsalam, and Sukadaryati. "Efficiency of timber harvesting from natural forest in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 359 (October 24, 2019): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/359/1/012006.

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van Klinken, Gerry. "Blood, timber, and the state in West Kalimantan, Indonesia." Asia Pacific Viewpoint 49, no. 1 (April 2008): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2008.00359.x.

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Kuda, Daniel, and Monika Petříčková. "Modular Timber Gridshells." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 28, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.28.1.27617.

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Needs of considering environmental impacts and growing emphasise on using renewable resources is discussed also in the field of architecture and construction. Timber, as a key element, provides certain benefits with less negative environmental impact than non-renewable resources, represented by commonly used materials (e.g. concrete). Nevertheless, using the timber as a core element for constructing of multi-storey or large hall buildings can be more difficult due to limits of the wood. New task for architects and engineers therefore arises and the target is to come up with a feasible solution for using the timber as a core material, despite its features. One of the key requirements for wide use of load bearing timber structure systems is “modularity”. Many different forms of structures can be achieved by repeating the basic module to fulfil architect’s intentions. This article focuses on a large-span structure, based on gridshell type systems. Such modules could be simply prefabricated and connected to another module. Modules can be pretty small, which contributes to easy and cost-effective transportation. Nevertheless, technical requirement and limitation of such modules needs to be taken into consideration. Problems come up with using the same universal element in parts of structure with different character of load and stress. Also, universal element should fulfil various space and form requirements set by architect. Suggested construction system is based on “fractality”. The goal of the system is to fulfil requirement of final structure and space requirements by replacing the standard module by a predetermined number of sub-modules. Structure is then denser in exposed areas and sparser in others. Design module is than expected to be tested and put into practice for wide usage in construction projects where wood is desired as the core material.

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Olbřímek, Juraj, Dušan Jankovič, and Soňa Leitnerová. "Timber Buildings Height and Number of Floors in Slovakia." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.191.

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Timber buildings in Slovakia have a long history but also interesting future. One of the limitations that inhibit wide usage in Slovakia is the control of the height. This paper analyzes building height according to valid codes and enactments.

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Günay, S. "3D VISUALIZATION OF A TIMBER FRAME HISTORIC BUILDING: PARTITE USAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE STRUCTURAL SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-325-2017.

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Throughout their lifetime, historic buildings might be altered for different kind of usage for different purposes. If this new function or new usage requires utilization of the building in separate units, this separation might affect the historic building’s functionality and structure and as a result its overall condition.<br><br> Yorguc Pasa Mansion conservation project was prepared as a part of the Middle East Technical University (METU) Master’s Program in Documentation and Conservation of Historic Monuments and Sites for the historic Yorguc Pasa Mansion. The mansion is a 19th century Ottoman Period timber frame building in Amasya, a Black Sea Region city in Turkey that has traces from different civilizations such as Hittites, Greeks, Romans and Ottomans.<br><br> This paper aims to discuss the affects of the partite usage on structural conditions of timber frame buildings with the case study of Amasya Yorguc Pasa Mansion through the 3D visualized structural systems.

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MOHAMAD BUKHORI, MOHAMAD FHAIZAL BIN, MOHD RIDWAN BIN ABD RAHMAN, MUHAMAD IKHWAN BIN IDRIS, MOHD AMINUDIN BIN MUSTAPHA, MOHAMAD RAZIF BIN OTHMAN, and NOORAZMAN BIN SAMSUDIN. "Brief Documentation on Selected Timber-related Plant Species with Commercial Value in Kubah National Park, Sarawak." Trends in Undergraduate Research 2, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): a1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/tur.1846.2019.

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A comprehensive learning experience in biodiversity-related discipline is the only practical way to introduce students into the world of flora. Thus, this study was carried out at Kubah National Park as the park is known for its flora and fauna diversity to investigate plant species which are of timber-related importance. The study identified and documented seven different plant families with 12 species of timber-related usage at Kubah National Park.

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JHT, Admin. "KUALITAS KAYU LAPIS DARI DARI KOMBINASI KAYU AKASIA (Acacia auriculiformis) DAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens) (Plywood Quality from Acacia auriculiformis and Peronema canescens timbers)." HUTAN TROPIKA 10, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36873/jht.v10i1.64.

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ABSTRACTIn order to increase plywood production in Indonesia, utilization the timbers coming from forest community is very important. Some species that widely planted at the forest community in DI Yogyakarta are akacia (Acacia auriculiformis) and sungkai (Peronema canescens). This research was aimed to know the combination some veneers formed of acacia timber and sungkai timber with the urea formaldehide resurfaced adhesive to producing the high quality plywood. The combination treatments were veneers from acacia timber (S1), veneer from sungkai timber (S2), veneer-core from acacia timber and veneer – face – back from sungkai timber (S3), and veneer-core from sungkai timber and veneer – face – back from akasia timber (S4). The experiment used complete randomized design with the further test using Tukey procedure in processing data. The research result showed that the treatment of veneer-core from acacia timber, and veneer-face-back from sungkai timber with the 60 #/MSGGL resurfaced adhesive have the better physical and mechanical property than the other treatments. Despitefully, sungkai timber has more decorative wood and a high commercial value.Keywords: Acacia, plywood, sungkai, veneer

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Wahyuni, Nining, Bambang Suyadi, and Wiwin Hartanto. "PENGARUH KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. KUTAI TIMBER INDONESIA." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, Ilmu Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial 12, no. 1 (May 10, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jpe.v12i1.7593.

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Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja termasuk salah satu program pemeliharaan yang ada di perusahaan.Pelaksanaan program keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja bagi karyawan sangatlah penting karena bertujuan untuk menciptakan sistem keselamatan dan kesatuan kerja yang nantinya dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawan.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. Kutai Timber Indonesia Kota Probolinggo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan dua uji instrumen data yaitu uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linier sederhana, analisis varian garis regresi, uji F, analisis koefisien determinasi dan standart error of estimate. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner, observasi, wawancara dan dokumen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Kutai Timber Indonesia yang berjumlah 85 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa “keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. Kutai Timber Indonesia”. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari nilai R-Square sebesar 67,9%.

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Jose, Hino Samuel. "Analisis Dampak FLEGT VPA Terhadap Ekspor Hutan Indonesia Ditengah EU Green Deal." Cendekia Niaga 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.52391/jcn.v5i1.573.

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Forestry export is one of Indonesia’s strongest industries embraced in economic diplomacy or the international trade negotiation. FLEGT VPA that is conducted between Indonesia and European Union gave a fresh head start for Indonesia’s forestry exports, however it also exposed Indonesia into new challenges amid the Indonesia-EU CEPA negotiation with the EU Green Deal happening. Therefore, Indonesia needs to scrutinize every dimension that might obstruct national export development in the post-pandemic era and to keep the demands flowing for the forest industries. This article is aimed to discuss on how FLEGT VPA impacts Indonesia’s forest timber exports after the signing of Permendag 74/2020. This article also discussed the context on how Indonesia through FLEGT VPA can face against the EU Green Deal in forestry export. This article is researched using document-based research of literature studies and supporting data. This research concludes that FLEGT VPA through Permendag 74/2020 is adopted as part of Indonesia’s trade development and recovery efforts in post Covid-19 pandemic and to adopts the Timber Legal Verification System. FLEGT VPA has also impacts the forestry small and medium exporters because of the increased production cost as the result of the timber bureaucracy that was set by the government. This article resulted that FLEGT VPA however imposed challenges but at the same time developing its market capabilites and export to create a positive image for the sustainable timber industry. Amid the increased green politics in European Union affecs intra ASEAN hence committed for all member states in starting through possible foreign trade and economic cooperation scheme.

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ITO, Yuri, Sachiko YAMAMOTO, and Mahito NAKAZONO. "THE USAGE OF CHILDCARE SUPPORT FACILITIES CONVERTED THE TRADITIONAL TIMBER HOUSES." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 82, no. 734 (2017): 867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.82.867.

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Buyuktaskin, Halet Almila Arda, Mehmet Serkan Yatagan, Gulseren Erol Soyoz, Leyla Tanacan, and Morvarid Dilmaghani. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE DURABILITY OF LOAD BEARING TIMBER-GLASS COMPOSITES UNDER THE EFFECTS OF ACCELERATED AGING." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 2 (March 2019): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.2.45.

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Although timber was used extensively as a structural material for traditional buildings in Turkey in the past, usage of structural timber decreased significantly over time and timber has been largely replaced by other materials. As timber is a natural, durable and sustainable material, it would be desirable to re-introduce timber structural elements to contemporary construction in a form that is appealing to industry. Timber-glass composite structural elements are potentially a good candidate for this purpose. To that end, a series of tests were conducted on load-bearing timber-glass composites in order to understand the long–term structural performance of the composite material under atmospheric conditions; to decrease the recurring cost of repair and maintenance; and to minimize the exhaustion of raw materials and energy. In this paper, the first part of this experimental work is presented, which focuses on the durability of timber-glass composite under the effects of accelerated aging, carried out on small-sized timber-glass composite specimens. Accelerated aging effects were observed under wetting-drying, freezing-thawing, UV effects, resistance to acids and high temperature. The mechanical strength of the timber-glass composite specimens before and after the effect of accelerated aging was measured by adhesion and shear strength tests and a comparative analysis of the results was carried out. The results of the experiments indicate that timber-glass composite is suitable to be used under protection from environmental conditions.

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Simamora, Liska, Jun Yen Lee, and Ching Hsing Chang. "Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia." Talenta Conference Series: Local Wisdom, Social, and Arts (LWSA) 1, no. 1 (October 17, 2018): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/lwsa.v1i1.155.

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The rapidly population increasing in Indonesia forced the government to create more job opportunities. It was thought that the problem could be solved by developing timber estates in the forestry sector. The plantation effort in the form of HTIs (timber estates) only began in earnest in 1990. Most often, the development projects provide economic benefits and better living environment, but they also affect local people adversely. Social impact assessments help in understanding such impacts. The case study was conducted in North Sumatra Province in Indonesia and involved the stakeholders; they were local community, value chain actors, workers, and the society. This study aimed to assess the impacts of Toba Pulp Lestari tbk PT on local community social life and to develop the alternatives to overcome the conflicts happened between the local communities and the company. The impacts were measured based on six constructs of social impact within thirty eight of sub-construct. The result showed the first rank as the most important in the community life aspect was perceived well-being, and the second the most important was conservation the community resources occupying the second rank in pairwise comparison table.This study developed alternatives by suggesting Toba Pulp Lestari tbk PT to do environment impact analysis and social impact analysis.

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RAHAWARIN, YOHANES Y. "Non-timber forest products extracted activities of the upstream Mamberamo basin’s traditional communities of West Papua, Indonesia." Asian Journal of Forestry 1, no. 1 (June 18, 2017): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/asianjfor/r010103.

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Rahawarin YY. 2017. Non-timber forest products extracted activities of the upstream Mamberamo basin’s traditional communities of West Papua, Indonesia. Asian J For 1: 23-26. The aim of this study is to find utilization activities of extracting nontimber forest products by local communities on the upstream part of Mamberamo Basin. Survey, observation and semi-structural interview were taken to generate data and information. The result showed that the local communities extracted several of non-timber forest products over the course of their generations to fulfill basic daily necessities. There were several types of non-timber forest products that have been used by local communities either from plants wild animals that living across different types of forest. These activities were lasted for generations so that people called it as a traditional conservation. They are still exist recently and believed to maintain the long-lasting of non timber forest products continuity to keep the availability of traditional food sources for the daily needs over generations.

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Supiani, Lilis. "ANALISIS PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER BAHAN BAKU PADA CV GENERAL TIMBER INDONESIA." MANAJERIAL 4, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/manajerial.v4i1.304.

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This study aims to determine the system of decision-making and priority criteria in supplier selection. Supplier selection is part of the supply chain. The role of suppliers affect the production process of a company as a supplier is a major business partner in the operation of the company's work. every manufacturing company has a standard priority suppliers so that it takes an analytical tool for decision-making. Method Analythical Hierarcy Process (AHP) is a decision making method of analysis used in decision-making with a systems approach, where decision-makers are trying to understand a condition of the system and help make predictions in decision-making. Distributing questioner to determine priority criteria CV General Timber supplier in Indonesia.The results of evaluation research in the company's performance CV General Timber Indonesia, there are five priorities, namely Cost supplier criteria with a weighting of 0.29%, Quality 0,26%, Quantity by 0.16%, Delivery 0.15% and Flexibility of 0.13 %

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Obidzinski, K., and A. Dermawan. "Smallholder timber plantation development in Indonesia: what is preventing progress?" International Forestry Review 12, no. 4 (December 2010): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.12.4.339.

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Barbier, Edward B., Nancy Bockstael, Joanne C. Burgess, and Ivar Strand. "The Linkages between the Timber Trade and Tropical Deforestation?Indonesia." World Economy 18, no. 3 (May 1995): 411–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1995.tb00222.x.

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Handayani, Sri, Endah Kanti Pangestuti, and Ninda Adhitya Dharma. "Preservation of durian timber and coconut timber with soursop leaf extract." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925801022.

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Durian timber and Coconut timber grow a lot in the area of Gunung Pati Semarang, Central Java. The threat of biodeteoration in Indonesia as tropical area is quite high. Therefore, it is necessary to take protection measures in the form of preservation for prevention. The preservatives used in this study are natural preservative of soursop leaf extract. The preservation method used was cold soaking method with variation of concentration of preservative as follows: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. This study aims to figure out how significant the weight loss of timber and how durian wood and coconut wood’s resistance to termites based on the weight loss of timber. Result of examination of termite attack on Coconut timber with preservation of soursop leaf extract 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% obtained by weight loss of wood 17.57%, 13.43%, 10.61%, 7.67%, 5.50% and 4.20%. Meanwhile, the result of examination of termite attack on Durian timber with the concentration of soursop leaf extract 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% showed these following timber weight losses: 18.24%, 14.61%, 13.04%, 11.33%, 8.98% and 7.84%. Based on the wood resistance table, Durian timber with soursop leaf concentration of 20% and 25% were classified in the medium classification. Coconut timber with 15% and 20% soursop leaf concentrations were classified in the medium classification, while at 25% concentrations in resistant classification.

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Soraya, Mila. "Trends and Situation of Forest Fire in Indonesia 2015-2018, Based on Three Factors: Peatland,Timber Concession, and Forest Area." Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v2i1.89.

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This research addresses the reoccurrence of forest fires and their size with regional-spatial information. This study is attained to the Sustainable Development Goal in the year 2030 (climate action and life on land) and is consistent with the mission of JISDeP. Probit and tobit regression analyses were applied to the regional-spatial panel data from 2015 to 2018 in Indonesia with the observations of forest-fire events, peatland, forest area, and timber concession on an annual basis. Such analyses would characterize the possible determinants for the forest fire reoccurrence together with their sizes. Comparatively, this study tries to fill the gap by examining the reoccurrence of forest fires. This research tries to fill in the gap on studies about land and forest fires by combining quantitative analysis using probit and tobit regression and using spatial approach of peatland, forest and timber concession area. The regression results reveal the following outcomes. The first outcome is whether forest fire reoccurrence positively (negatively) associated with peatland and forest areas (timber concession). Second, forest fires tend to decrease with the repetition of past forest fires but increase with timber concession, peatland, and forest areas. Overall, these results imply that the reoccurrence of forest fires and their sizes is highly concerned with timber concession and types of areas, suggesting that Indonesia should organize the policies regarding forest timber concession and areas to reduce forest fires and the associated damage.

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Utama, Tri Cahya, Reni Windiani, Marten Hanura, Sheiffi Puspapertiwi, Shary Charlotte H.P, Andi Akhmad Basith Dir, Ika Riswanti Putranti, et al. "PENCEGAHAN PRAKTIK KEJAHATAN EKONOMI DALAM PERDAGANGAN BEBAS – ORIGIN FRAUD DALAM INDUSTRI MEBEL KAYU DI JEPARA." JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jis.15.1.2016.12-23.

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Indonesia has been known to have abundant natural resources and culture-based creative industries. The country is therefore vulnerable to the practice of fraud of origin. One of many industrial sectors susceptible to thatparticular crime is the wooden furniture businesses. In many cases, it is apparent that natural products and raw materials of Indonesia are being exported without listing the country as the place of origin. The most commonIndonesian material falls within this illegal practice are timber products. In the province of Central Java, Jepara has been a prominent center of timber industry producing high quality timber products and wooden raw materials.From a unique standpoint, the timber industry in Jepara is deeply rooted to the culture and identity of the natives, making the attempt to separate the discussion between timber industry and the people of Jepara not only imprudent but virtually impossible. By looking at the statistic in which Jepara’s public education level is assessed to be still below the national standard, and as well bearing to the general fact that the timber actors in Jepara are more focused on product sales rather than important technical aspects such as certification of origin, it should be projected that crimes such as fraud of origin could be easily committed in Jepara. This study is using a comparative advantage theory and theories or models of H-O to investigate how the practice of fraud of origin in Jepara occurs and how to resolve such problem.

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Gołos, Piotr, and Adam Kaliszewski. "Aspects of using wood biomass for energy production." Forest Research Papers 76, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2015-0009.

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Abstract This article presents the most important aspects relevant to forest-derived biomass utilization for the purposes of energy production by professional energy providers. The issues discussed here are divided into four groups: environmental, social, economic and technological aspects of biomass utilization in energy production. The environmental part focuses on the effects of intensive use of leftovers from timber harvest on forest ecosystems as well as the problem of ash utilization. Economic and social problems include the costs of energy production from timber, consequences of intensified fuel wood demand for the state of the timber and paper industry as well as the impact on the labor market. The technology section of the article covers questions related to the harvest and transport of forest-derived biomass. We conclude that, before regarding it as an energy source, wood should be mainly used for the production of timber due to the necessity and difficulty of considering all of the above-mentioned diverse aspects of energy production. Wood should be used for the production of energy only after its usage as timber products and their recycling.

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Šafařík, Dalibor, Petra Hlaváčková, and David Březina. "Determination of standards of raw timber natural losses due to shrinkage at long-term dry storage." Journal of Forest Science 67, No. 5 (May 12, 2021): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/83/2020-jfs.

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The aim of the article is to describe the issue of determining the characteristics and parameters of raw timber natural losses due to shrinkage at long-term storage, defining the theoretical basis for creating standards, and verify its finding by means of a case study in raw timber storing. This issue is very topical in forestry practice in the Czech Republic as well as in other countries. The lower and upper limits of the standards were calculated, and the proposed mean value was grouped according to woody plants that reflected the most frequent commercial usage with respect to subsequent processing. Subsequently, experimental verification was carried out on a representative sample of 2 209.99 m3 of raw timber of Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ H. Karst.) at selected forest administrations. Furthermore, the article addresses the related accounting and tax issues of the standards of natural losses of raw timber. Currently, no legislation mandates an entity to establish standards.

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Setiahadi, Rahmanta, Denies Priantinah S, and Djoko Setyo Martono. "Pembuatan Barcode Produk Industri Meubel dan Furniture untuk Mendukung Ekspor Produk Ber-Sertifikat Legalitas Kayu." JURNAL DAYA-MAS 6, no. 2 (December 4, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/dymas.v6i2.72.

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Timber Legality Certificate is to meet the requirements of the legality of timber for the forest industry. Application of timber legality verification system allows Indonesia opened wider timber market, especially European market, through the signing of the Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) in September 2013. The forestry industry, timber legality certificate must fulfill in order to be able to do eskport product. Must to get the V-legal documents in any export activity forestry product timber legality certified consequences must be applied to production management system and marketing system. The research objective is to create a system of production information via barcode for small industries that already have a certificate of Timber Legality. The results showed that the ability to prepare the production and marketing of information systems to support the administration of V-legal documents in the export activities for small industries, a serious problem in meeting the document export goods. Therefore, barcode software development program to help solving the problems facing SMEs in the furniture industry and furniture administrating V-legal documents.

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Pichugin, Sergiy, Sergiy Shkirenko, and Maryna Pents. "DESIGN OF COMPOSITE SKIN PANEL FOR ROOF IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF EN 1995-1-1 AND GSN В.1.2-2:2006." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 2, no. 53 (October 31, 2019): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2019.53.1887.

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In the article design of composite (timber and plywood) skin panel has been considered according European and nationalstandards. The panel consists of timber webs and plywood skin. The design parameters are depth of webs and distance between webs within the defined skin parameters. In design the method of fictitious cross-section is applied. Check of the ultimate limit states is conducted in accordance with EN 1995-1-1 (ДБН В.2.6-161:2017). Loads to the panel are determined according to ДБН В.1.2.-2:2006. The usage of European and national standards complies with the actual requirements andwiden methodological base.

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Soraya, Emma. "Daya Saing Industri Furnitur Indonesia dalam Perdagangan Global (Studi Komparasi dengan Vietnam)." Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan 16, no. 2 (September 12, 2022): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jik.v16i2.1535.

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Furniture products with significant value added are increasingly being seen as a strategic objective for the industry of forest product. Furniture is one of the strategic commodities for the Indonesian economy. One of the pillars which determines the competitiveness of export furniture products is marketing. This study aims to determine the competitiveness of the Indonesian furniture industry in terms of marketing. In this case, Vietnam used as an object of comparison since they has been Indonesia's main competitor in the furniture trade for decades. The data was obtained by using literature study method. This research used mixed method 5P marketing analysis which consists of position, product, place, promotion, and price. The competitiveness of Indonesian furniture industry was still relatively low compared to Vietnam’s. In terms of position, Indonesia and Vietnam have market segments which are sensitive to illegal timber such as the United States and the European Union. Even though Indonesia already has a timber legality assurance system through the Timber Legality Verification System (SVLK), the export values of Indonesian furniture is still less than Vietnam. From a product perspective, Indonesian furniture industry is slightly greater than Vietnamese furniture industry. Indonesia has reached the level of augmented product, greater than Vietnam, which is mostly still a core product. However, Vietnam's furniture industry is experiencing a fairly rapid development. Currently, Vietnam's timber products are in demand with the international market due to their innovative designs. In terms of location (distribution), both countries are being assisted from easy access to global shipping. In terms of promotion, Indonesia needs to emulate Vietnam by facilitating the furniture industry (especially small and medium industries) to participate in international exhibition activities, so as to expand the furniture market network. In term of price, Vietnam is greater in offering lower prices since it was supported by the availability of abundant labor at low prices and investment support. Meanwhile, Indonesia has the advantage of the large availability of raw materials from production forests.

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Bürgi, Patric, and Bernhard Pauli. "Ansätze zur Senkung der Holzerntekosten in der Schweiz." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 164, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2013.0148.

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Approaches to reducing timber harvesting costs in Switzerland For over two decades, the majority of Swiss forest enterprises have been confronted with financial losses. One of the main reasons for this is the general diminishing of revenues from timber sales since the 1980s. Moreover, Swiss forest enterprises have not managed to reduce the most important matter of expenses – the timber harvesting costs – to a similar extent. In comparison, unit costs from timber harvest in Switzerland are more than twice as high as those in the neighboring countries. This study analyzes the cause-and-effect relationships that lead to the high timber harvesting costs in Swiss forest enterprises. Building on that, possibilities of reducing these costs are proposed. The study is based on the results obtained through the Swiss Forestry Holding Network (HDN). The results have been systematically analyzed, the cause-and-effect relationships graphically depicted, and the gained knowledge has been discussed with experts. In essence, the results from the HDN suggest that the high timber harvesting costs are primarily a consequence of the structural situation of the Swiss forest enterprises. The over-proportionally high number of employees and large machinery parks allocated to each of the management areas are inevitably leading to high timber harvesting costs, and thus to suboptimal timber harvesting methods. Subsequently, this is all giving rise to an unfavorable cost situation. Furthermore, economies of scale can hardly be reached among the large numbers of relatively small forest enterprise management areas producing low usage quantities. In essence, the most important approaches to reducing the timber harvesting costs are the more frequent involvement of specialized forest services for harvesting, and measures that lead to the enlargement of the management areas. In order to reduce timber harvesting costs and by that improve operation results, a critical reflection of the current forest management strategy is unavoidable.

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Sandhyavitri, Ari, Fakhri Fakhri, Rizki Ramadhan Husaini, Indra Kuswoyo, and Manyuk Fauzi. "Added values of the local timbers materials for main bridge frame structures utilizing laminating composites technology." Journal of Applied Materials and Technology 2, no. 1 (December 4, 2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jamt.2.1.50-58.

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The objectives of this article are to seek the opportunity to enhance the local Indonesia timber material physical performances (encompassing the low-class quality of III and IV timbers with the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) = 5,000 - 9,000 MPa) utilizing laminated composite technology to become higher-class timber quality (class II) with the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)> 15,000 MPa so that it can be used as an alternative material for constructing the bridge mainframe structures (girder beams) especially for the Indragiri Hilir regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. This regency needs several hundred small-medium bridges for connecting 20 districts, 39 wards, and 197 villages using local materials such as local timbers. This laminating technology is not a new technology but the utilization of this technology for constructing the main bridges structures is challenging and limited to the implementation in the civil construction industrial sector. This study composed 2 types of the low-class quality (lcq) of timber materials (such as Shorea sp and Shorea peltata Sym) and 2 types of medium class-quality (mcq) ones (Dipterocarpus and Calophyllum) for constructing the main bridge structures. Based on the laboratory test results utilizing 80% of lcq materials and 20% mcq ones, these composite timber materials may increase the timbers MOE by 145% to 166% from the existing MOE value of the mcq solid timbers. Based on the simulations these laminated composites wooden bridge girders 2 x (70x20) m2, these timber materials have passed all the tests and the application of this technology may improve the lcq timber values and it could be used for an alternative material of the bridge girder's main structures.

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Suyanto, Ika Rahmawati. "Perilaku Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Sebagai Material Utama Bangunan Tingkat Menengah Tahan Gempa di Indonesia." Rekayasa Sipil 14, no. 3 (October 25, 2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2020.014.03.6.

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Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is made up of multilayered timber stacked perpendicularly, which improved the dimensional stability and allowing CLT to has high bearing capacity in its two direction. Despite all the advantages, CLT has not yet gain much attention in Indonesian, especially the utilization in mid-rise building construction. In order to have a better understanding about CLT as main structural element, the behaviour of mid-rise building made of CLT was assessed by running a 3D model of 5-story building by combining building code in Indonesia with CLT parameter from previous researcher as well as recommended adjustment from previous researchers. The research shows that CLT building statisy the allowable parameter for mid-rise building in Indonesia.

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Romero, Claudia, and Francis Putz. "Theory-of-Change Development for the Evaluation of Forest Stewardship Council Certification of Sustained Timber Yields from Natural Forests in Indonesia." Forests 9, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9090547.

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To illustrate the importance of theories-of-change (ToCs) for evaluation of conservation interventions, we consider the global ToC from the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and then develop a more explicit ToC focused on the sustained timber yield (STY) aspiration for natural forest management in Indonesia. We use these ToCs to consider certification implementation processes vis-à-vis indicators for STY extracted from FSC’s Indonesian Stewardship Standard that mentions STY explicitly in 45 and implicitly in 21 of 237 indicators. Analysis of 38 audit reports about 23 enterprises (2001–2017) revealed that only 77 of 504 major non-conformities assigned by auditors addressed STY. This apparent lack of attention to STY is surprising given the exhaustion of timber stocks in many production forests and the closure of many forest enterprises over the past two decades, but our ToC reveals numerous unsatisfied and unsatisfiable assumptions in certification that preclude detection of unsustainable harvests. Furthermore, compliance with governmental regulations on harvest intensities does not allow full timber recovery. To sustain yields, logging intensities need to be reduced and/or silvicultural treatments applied to increase yields, both of which reduce short-term profits. Declining yields might be accepted if the capacity of logged forests to grow timber is not impaired, but forest abandonment due to timber stock depletion is worrisome if it fosters illegal forest conversion.

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Erbaugh, James Thomas, Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat, and Herry Purnomo. "Regulation, formalization, and smallholder timber production in northern Central Java, Indonesia." Agroforestry Systems 91, no. 5 (November 2, 2016): 867–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-0037-6.

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ARINANA, Arinana, Mohamad M. RAHMAN, Rachel E. G. SILABAN, Setiawan Khoirul HIMMI, and Dodi NANDIKA. "Preference of Subterranean Termites among Community Timber Species in Bogor, Indonesia." Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 50, no. 6 (November 2022): 458–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5658/wood.2022.50.6.458.

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Yorur, Huseyin, Sedat Ozcanan, Halil Ibrahim Yumrutas, and Emre Birinci. "Renewable hybrid roadside barrier: Optimization of timber thickness." BioResources 18, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 804–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.804-826.

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Researchers have recently focused on new and original roadside barriers that prioritize aesthetic, and environmental concerns by employing natural materials. In this study, the safety performance (Acceleration Severity Index (ASI), Theorical Head Impact Velocity (THIV)), structural performance (Working Width (W), Exit Angle (α)), and failure analysis (visual deformation) of a newly developed Renewable Hybrid Barrier (RHB) system at different timber thicknesses were tried to be determined by pendulum crash test and Finite Element (FE) models. The FE models were calibrated and validated based on pendulum crash test results, and then the most suitable timber thickness in terms of safety and structural performance was determined via FE analyses. The results revealed that as the timber thickness decreased, the safety parameters, such as ASI and THIV, decreased, thus the barrier safety increased. However, it was observed that the deflection and deformations in the barrier increased as the timber thickness decreased. In this sense, the safest and the most structurally durable barrier was determined through conducting virtual optimization tests. Studies on diversification of the usage areas of natural/renewable materials should be increased in the future.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Timber usage in Indonesia'

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