Academic literature on the topic 'Timber'

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Journal articles on the topic "Timber"

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Lippert, Paul. "Of Timber and Timbre." Pennsylvania Communication Annual 69 (2013): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pcaa2013698.

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This review of three books about novel uses of media before and during the French Revolution examines the implications of these practices with regard to single- versus multiple-system thinking and the emergence of modernity.
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Rani, Annu, Jayant Singh, T. P. Singh, Ajit Kumar, and Mukesh Kumar Choudhary. "Evaluation of Compressive Strength in Various Timbers for Agricultural Implements in Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India." Archives of Current Research International 24, no. 5 (July 1, 2024): 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5754.

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This study investigates the compressive strength of various timber types, including Red Cedar, Java Plum, Mango, Yellow Teak, Margosa, Eucalyptus, Teak, North Indian Rose timber, Lebbeck, and Sal. The compressive strengths of these timbers were measured to be 43.79, 50.42, 78.00, 71.16, 68.32, 69.88, 80.78, 85.50, 65.12, and 81.20 MPa, respectively. North Indian Rose timber and Sal exhibited the highest compressive strengths, suggesting their superior suitability for applications requiring high compressive resistance. Conversely, Red Cedar showed the lowest compressive strength among the timbers tested. The standard deviations for these measurements were Java Plum (0.07), Mango (0.28), Yellow Teak (0.36), Teak (0.45), Margosa (0.52), Eucalyptus (6.11), Red Cedar (0.69), North Indian Rose timber (0.79), Lebbeck (0.93), and Sal (0.68), with Mango displaying the lowest variation. The findings indicate that North Indian Rose timber and Sal are particularly robust, while Mango exhibits consistent compressive strength, making these timbers preferable for specific structural applications.
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Karacabeyli, E., H. Fraser, and W. Deacon. "Lateral and withdrawal load resistance of glulam rivet connections made with sawn timber." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l97-070.

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The efficiency of glulam rivets has made them one of the most suitable connectors in heavy timber construction utilizing glued-laminated timber (glulam) members. Starting with the 1994 version of the CSA Standard for Engineering Design in Wood, design procedures are also available for the use of glulam rivet connections with sawn timbers. In the course of formulating these design provisions, several series of lateral resistance and withdrawal tests were performed using glulam rivets with sawn timbers to study the effects of material (sawn timber versus glulam), species, loading type and direction, environmental conditions, density, waiting period between assembly and test, pre-drilling, and plate thickness. The newly added design provisions increase structural engineers' choice of fastening systems in timber construction.Key words: glulam rivets, fasteners, connections, timber.
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JHT, Admin. "KUALITAS KAYU LAPIS DARI DARI KOMBINASI KAYU AKASIA (Acacia auriculiformis) DAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens) (Plywood Quality from Acacia auriculiformis and Peronema canescens timbers)." HUTAN TROPIKA 10, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36873/jht.v10i1.64.

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ABSTRACTIn order to increase plywood production in Indonesia, utilization the timbers coming from forest community is very important. Some species that widely planted at the forest community in DI Yogyakarta are akacia (Acacia auriculiformis) and sungkai (Peronema canescens). This research was aimed to know the combination some veneers formed of acacia timber and sungkai timber with the urea formaldehide resurfaced adhesive to producing the high quality plywood. The combination treatments were veneers from acacia timber (S1), veneer from sungkai timber (S2), veneer-core from acacia timber and veneer – face – back from sungkai timber (S3), and veneer-core from sungkai timber and veneer – face – back from akasia timber (S4). The experiment used complete randomized design with the further test using Tukey procedure in processing data. The research result showed that the treatment of veneer-core from acacia timber, and veneer-face-back from sungkai timber with the 60 #/MSGGL resurfaced adhesive have the better physical and mechanical property than the other treatments. Despitefully, sungkai timber has more decorative wood and a high commercial value.Keywords: Acacia, plywood, sungkai, veneer
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Sandhyavitri, Ari, Fakhri Fakhri, Rizki Ramadhan Husaini, Indra Kuswoyo, and Manyuk Fauzi. "Added values of the local timbers materials for main bridge frame structures utilizing laminating composites technology." Journal of Applied Materials and Technology 2, no. 1 (December 4, 2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jamt.2.1.50-58.

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The objectives of this article are to seek the opportunity to enhance the local Indonesia timber material physical performances (encompassing the low-class quality of III and IV timbers with the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) = 5,000 - 9,000 MPa) utilizing laminated composite technology to become higher-class timber quality (class II) with the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)> 15,000 MPa so that it can be used as an alternative material for constructing the bridge mainframe structures (girder beams) especially for the Indragiri Hilir regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. This regency needs several hundred small-medium bridges for connecting 20 districts, 39 wards, and 197 villages using local materials such as local timbers. This laminating technology is not a new technology but the utilization of this technology for constructing the main bridges structures is challenging and limited to the implementation in the civil construction industrial sector. This study composed 2 types of the low-class quality (lcq) of timber materials (such as Shorea sp and Shorea peltata Sym) and 2 types of medium class-quality (mcq) ones (Dipterocarpus and Calophyllum) for constructing the main bridge structures. Based on the laboratory test results utilizing 80% of lcq materials and 20% mcq ones, these composite timber materials may increase the timbers MOE by 145% to 166% from the existing MOE value of the mcq solid timbers. Based on the simulations these laminated composites wooden bridge girders 2 x (70x20) m2, these timber materials have passed all the tests and the application of this technology may improve the lcq timber values and it could be used for an alternative material of the bridge girder's main structures.
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MULIYANA ARIFUDIN and WAHYUDI. "MACRO- FEATURES AND DENSITY OF VARIOUS TIMBER SPECIES FROM PAPUA." JURNAL KEHUTANAN PAPUASIA 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.vol6.iss2.207.

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This research highlights diversity of macro-features and density of major timber species from Papua. Thirty-one species of air-dried timber with sample size of 13 cm × 6 cm × 4 cm gathered across Papua were used for density measurement and macro-features observation, cover of colors, grain orientation, and wood texture. The results showed that whitish and straw to yellow brown are dominant color of timber mostly harvested from Papua tropical forest. Their grain orientations are mostly straight, while their textures are medium. With regard to their density, Xantostemum spp is the heaviest timber having density of 1,25 g/cm3 while Alstonia scholaris is the lightest species of timber with density of 0.29 g/cm3. Therefore, majority Papua`s timber species studied are classified into light class species or low density timbers. Pulp and paper, veneer, plywood, flooring, meubels, indoor urnitures and handles or woody utensils are the potential uses of these timber species.
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Van Ham-Meert, Alicia, and Aoife Daly. "Provenancing 16th and 17th century CE building timbers in Denmark–combining dendroprovenance and Sr isotopic analysis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): e0278513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278513.

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Dendrochronology (tree-ring analysis) allows us to precisely date and identify the origin of timber from historic contexts. However, reference datasets to determine the origin can include timber of non-local origin. Therefore, we have applied Sr isotopic on timbers from three buildings in Jutland, Denmark, mostly dating from the late 16th and early 17th centuries CE to improve and refine the provenance identification. The dendrochronology suggested that some timbers analysed were imported from the Swedish side of Øresund/Kattegat while others were local, and others again might be from south Norway. By adding the Sr isotopic analysis, a far more detailed interpretation of the origin of these timbers can be presented for non-Danish timbers. In this paper we suggest that Danish ports in the provinces of Halland and Skåne played a major role in the timber trade between the Danish and Swedish parts of the Danish kingdom. For Danish timbers dendroprovenancing proved better than Sr isotopic analysis. Furthermore, a small number of Sr isotopic analyses were performed to contribute to the base-line along the Göta-river in Southern-Sweden.
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Sylvayanti, Sarah Putri, Naresworo Nugroho, and Effendi Tri Bahtiar. "Bamboo Scrimber’s Physical and Mechanical Properties in Comparison to Four Structural Timber Species." Forests 14, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010146.

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Bamboo scrimber is a sustainable engineered material that overcomes natural round bamboo’s various weaknesses. This study compared the bamboo scrimber’s mechanical (strength, stiffness, and ductility) to timber. The results showed that scrimber’s physical and mechanical properties are comparable, even superior, to wood, especially in compression. Scrimber has a higher density than timber. Its drier equilibrium moisture content indicates that scrimber is more hydrophobic than timbers. The maximum crushing strength (σc//), compressive stress perpendicular-to-fiber at the proportional limit (σcp⊥) and that at the 0.04” deformation (σc0.04⊥), shear strength (τ//), longitudinal compressive modulus of elasticity (Ec//), lateral compressive modulus of elasticity (Ec⊥), and modulus of rigidity (G) of scrimber are higher than those of timbers. Both scrimber’s and timber’s flexural properties (modulus of rupture (σb) and flexural modulus of elasticity (Eb)) are comparable. On the contrary, the tensile strength parallel-to-fiber (σt//) of scrimber is weaker than that of timber. Scrimber is high ductility (μ > 6) when subjected to compression perpendicular-to-fiber, medium ductility (4 < μ ≤ 6) when subjected to compression parallel-to-fiber, and low ductility (brittle) when subjected to bending, shear, or tensile parallel-to-fiber. The higher ductility of scrimber may give an alarm and more time before failure than timbers. Timbers have brittle to lower ductility when receiving each kind of loading scheme. The ratio of shear modulus to strength (G/τ) and compression modulus to strength parallel-to-fiber (EC∥/σC∥) strongly correlates with the ductility ratio. However, the ratio of the flexural modulus of elasticity to the modulus of rupture (Eb/σb) and the ratio of the modulus Young to compression stress perpendicular-to-fiber (Ec⊥/σcp⊥) do not strongly correlate to the ductility value.
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Robertson, David, Maisie Taylor, Ian Tyers, Gordon Cook, and W. Derek Hamilton. "A Second Timber Circle, Trackways, and Coppicing at Holme-next-the-Sea Beach, Norfolk: use of Salt- and Freshwater Marshes in the Bronze Age." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 82 (May 16, 2016): 227–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2016.3.

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Since 1998 archaeological investigations on Holme-next-the-Sea beach have recorded the waterlogged remains of two Bronze Age timber circles, timber structures, coppiced trees, metal objects, and salt- and freshwater marshes. The second timber circle (Holme II) is only the third waterlogged structure of its type to be discovered in Britain and only the second to be dated by dendrochronology. The felling of timbers used in Holme II has been dated to the spring or summer of 2049 bc, exactly the time as the felling of the timbers used to build the first circle (Holme I). This shared date provides the only known example of two adjacent monuments constructed at precisely the same time in British prehistory. It also informs comparisons between Holme II and other British timber circles and therefore helps develop interpretations. This paper suggests Holme II was a mortuary monument directly related to the use of Holme I.
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Daly, Aoife. "Ships and their timber source as indicators of connections between regions." AmS-Skrifter, no. 27 (January 6, 2020): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/ams-skrifter.v0i27.264.

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The precise dating and determination of the source of timbers in shipwrecks found around the coasts of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, through dendrochronology allows us to see connections between north and south, east and west throughout the region and to a high chronological precision. In this paper we take a look at results of recent analyses of timber from ships, and timber and barrel cargoes, to try to draw a chronological picture, from the twelfth to seventeenth centuries, of links between regions, through transport in oak ships and trade of timber. Archaeological finds of oak from timber cargos in shipwrecks and fine art objects (painted panels and sculpture) show the extent to which timber was shipped from Hanseatic towns along the southern Baltic coast, to western and north-western Europe.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Timber"

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Maddox, John Nicholas. "Tall Timber." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96187.

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From the inception of high rise construction concrete and steel have been the foundation both literally and figuratively of the construction process. As we, a society, become more aware and conscious of the environmental impacts of our built environment we must ask ourselves, are our current construction practices the best or are there ways that we can not only become more environmentally cognizant, but also more efficient in our construction of buildings. This project is an investigation of how a joint can help to improve the construction process and manifest itself into creating the tectonic nature of a project by using timber in high rise construction.
MARCH
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Labonnote, Nathalie. "Damping in Timber Structures." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18168.

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Key point to development of environmentally friendly timber structures, appropriate to urban ways of living, is the development of high-rise timber buildings. Comfort properties are nowadays one of the main limitations to tall timber buildings, and an enhanced knowledge on damping phenomena is therefore required, as well as improved prediction models for damping. The aim of this work has consequently been to estimate various damping quantities in timber structures. In particular, models have been derived for predicting material damping in timber members, beams or panels, or in more complex timber structures, such as floors. Material damping is defined as damping due to intrinsic material properties, and used to be referred to as internal friction. In addition, structural damping, defined as damping due to connections and friction in-between members, has been estimated for timber floors. The thesis consists of six main parts. The first part is entitled “Contexts”, and is composed of four chapters. A general overview of the wood material and its structural use in buildings is presented in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 gives a thorough literature review on comfort properties of (timber) floors. Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 serve as justifications for the motivation of this work, expressed in Chapter 3, and the aim of the work, expressed in Chapter 4. The next part “Backgrounds” briefly describes the basic theories used along the thesis, for the analytical studies (Chapter 5), the experimental studies (Chapter 6), and the numerical studies (Chapter 7). The part “State of the art” is a general literature review on damping (Chapter 8). A particular accent is set on the derivation of various damping prediction models. The “Research” part summarizes the original research work. Chapter 9 briefly presents the background and main findings for each study, and Chapter 10 concludes and proposes suggestions for further research. The studies are detailed in four journal papers, which are integrally reported in the “Publications” part. Paper I focuses on the evaluation of material damping in timber beam specimens with dimensions typical of common timber floor structures. Using the impact test method, 11 solid wood beams and 11 glulam beams made out of Norway Spruce (Picea Abies) were subjected to flexural vibrations. The tests involved different spans and orientations. A total of 420 material damping evaluations were performed, and the results are presented as mean values for each configuration along with important statistical indicators to quantify their reliability. The consistency of the experimental method was validated with respect to repeatability and reproducibility. General trends found an increasing damping ratio for higher modes, shorter spans, and edgewise orientations. It is concluded from the results that material damping is governed by shear deformation, which can be expressed more conveniently with respect to the specific mode shape and its derivatives. Paper II deals with the prediction of material damping in Timoshenko beams. Complex elastic moduli and complex stiffness are defined to derive an analytical model that predicts the hysteretic system damping for the whole member. The prediction model comprises two parts, the first related to bending, and the second related to shear. Selected experimental damping evaluations from Paper I are used to validate the model and obtain fitted values of loss factors for two types of wood. The good agreement of the derived model with experimental data reveals an efficient approach in the prediction of material damping. In Paper III, a semi-analytical prediction model of material damping in timber panels is described. The approach is derived from the strain energy method and input is based on loss factors, which are intrinsic properties of the considered materials, together with material properties and mode shape integrals, whose calculation can easily be implemented in most finite element codes. Experimental damping evaluations of three types of timber panels are performed. These are particleboards, oriented strand board panels and structural laminated veneer panels. Fair goodness-of-fit between the experimental results and the prediction models reveals an efficient approach for the prediction of material damping in timber panels with any boundary conditions, knowing only the loss factors and the mode shapes. In Paper IV, dynamic properties of two timber floors are experimentally evaluated by impact method. Each floor uses one specified type of connectors, either screws or nails. A numerical model is developed using constrained degrees-of-freedom for the modeling of connectors. Numerical analyses have been performed, and show good agreement with experimental results. A procedure is written using the commercial finite element software Abaqus to predict material damping from a strain energy approach. Estimation of structural damping is performed as the difference between the experimentally evaluated total damping and the predicted material damping. The contribution from floor members to material damping is extensively investigated, and the needs for better prediction of damping are discussed. Specific details of some aspects of the work are included in the “Appendix” part.
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Woods, Simon Nicholas. "Acoustic Inspection of Timber." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3679.

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The ability to determine wood quality using non-destructive tests has enormous potential for the forestry industry in both research and commercial applications. This thesis describes some of the theory of acoustic waves in wood and how wood stiffness can be estimated by measuring the velocity of acoustic waves. Attention is paid to both resonance and stress wave timer technologies and the benefits and problems with both. A detailed description is given of the design of a new tool (Treetap 5.0) to aid in future, acoustic based, timber inspection research.
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Gan, Kee Seng. "Solar drying of timber." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366956.

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Magina, Miguel Jorge. "Historic timber roof structures." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11912.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Estruturas e Geotecnia
This dissertation covers the study of historic timber roof structures in Transylvania area - Romania, the structures type, its elements and connection variety between them. Procedures to study a structure of this category are approached. It is also referred semi and non-destructive tests that can be done to better understand the present wood characteristics, and potential reparation or strengthening solutions for the structure in case it is necessary. Ultimately a case study is analyzed and some intervention solutions are proposed for a gothic structure type in the nave of Huedin Reformed church.
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Morales, Sabogal Agni Amram. "Tall Mass-Timber Building." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78297.

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How can we as design professionals contribute to increase the use of less carbon-intensive materials to build our growing cities? Cities are experiencing a resurgence in population growth and therefore the building industry ought to attend this demand with sustainable solutions. One way of responding to the growing urban population and increase demand for housing as well as to make efficient use of our limited resources is to increase the density in our cities. Since steel and concrete have high material strengths, we currently use either steel, concrete or composites of them to build skyscrapers. Unfortunately, both of these materials have a large carbon footprint. The design community has the challenge to achieve net-zero emissions buildings by the year 2030, and the efforts now should be focused on using less carbon intensive materials, such as timber. While cultures around the world have built with wood for centuries, recent technological innovations, such as Cross Laminated Timber (CLT), is allowing for new applications of wood as the main structural material and the potential to use it for large-scale projects. However, as expected with a new building material some constrains have still to be overcome. For my thesis, I desired to explore this issue through the design of a tall building using mass timber as its main structural material. Engineered timber is here, the future is bright!
Master of Architecture
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Senning, Jr Daniel A. "Texas Timber-Frame Porch." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51834.

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This thesis project is an investigation of both heavy timber construction and a means to create a retreat away from the chaos of modern life. This culminated in a porch outside of downtown Austin, Texas. The program began with an entrance foyer, kitchen, wine cellar, a humidor, a library, a bar, a locker room, restrooms, and storage. The form became a long, gradually curving hallway responding to the shape of the island. Rooms expand off of the hallway at both the beginning and the end. A heavy timber truss was designed so that it could be adapted to accommodate expansion for rooms, site constraints, and programmatic needs. Special attention was paid to the details of the retreat such as the connections needed to assemble the heavy timber truss and the handrails. The project conveys a strong connection with the site it is situated on.
Master of Architecture
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Perold, Maurits. "Developing a customer satisfaction survey for Merensky Timber (Pty) Ltd t/a Northern Timbers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97356.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Northern Timbers Sawmill (NTS), a hardwood sawmill in Tzaneen and part of Merensky Timber (Pty) Ltd, wished to determine their customers’ expectations and perceptions of the products and services offered. In order to assist NTS with this it was decided to develop a customer satisfaction survey that would be a tool for NTS to use to accurately and consistently measure and monitor the satisfaction of their customers with their products and services over time. A thorough literature study was done followed by primary research that included semi-structured interviews and a quantitative survey. Semi-structured interviews were performed on a randomly selected sample of customers from two primary segments, namely wet-off-saw and kiln dried timber. Based on the feedback from the interviews it was decided that the standard SERVQUAL model was the most appropriate framework to use as part of the development of the survey. An additional product quality and related aspects section was also included. The Cronbach alpha results of the SERVQUAL survey was 0.75 and 0.87, for expectations and perceptions, respectively, indicating a high internal correlation and consistency and indicating that the survey provided reliable results. The internal consistency was also confirmed by high Cronbach alpha results for each individual dimension. The primary components of satisfaction that were measured were expectations and perceptions (or performance). The customer satisfaction index for NTS was 89.87 per cent, which was fairly similar to the product satisfaction of 91 per cent attained from the product quality related section. The most important priorities for improvement identified were “Employees in Northern Timbers tell you exactly when services will be performed”, “Employees in Northern Timbers give prompt service to you” and “When Northern Timbers promises to do something by a certain time, they do so.” The effort NTS has made in ensuring that they stack, wrap and paint the select grade timber bundles contributed to the visibility and one of the highest mean scores in the survey of 5.63 out of 6. The fact that customers can contact the production team at the sawmill directly holds advantages for the customers and this was also confirmed by the survey producing the joint highest mean score of 5.63. It is also clear that there is very little interest and value for NTS in selling the FSC timber at a premium or offering pre-planed timber at a premium. The survey will be done twice a year – once during May or June, and once during October or November.
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Adlam, Rodney. "Thermomechanical densification of timber : maximising the potential of softwood timber through thermomechanical densification /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18520.pdf.

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Czmoch, Ireneusz. "Influence of structural timber variability on reliability and damage tolerance of timber beams." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16865.

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The thesis addresses two main problems: 1) Probablistic modelling of lengthwise variability in structural timber, 2) Reliability and damage tolerance analysis of beams made of structural timber. Timber is considered as an elastic-brittle material. Dependence of timber properties on time and environment conditions is neglected. The presented statistical analysis of MOE is based on experimental data. An original method for determination of the MOE function on the basis of a measured deflection curve has been developed. The Log-normal, Gumbel or Normal distributions can be recommended as the probability distribution model of the homogeneous random field of MOE with the scale of fluctuation equal to 1.5-2.5 m. The variability of bending strength of timber beams has been studied with help of a weak-zone model. Assuming a marked Poisson random field as a probabilistic model of bending strength, analytical solutions have been derived for a number of particular problems. The influence of the correlation between strengths of weak zones has been studied with help of the Monte Carlo simulation. Time invariant reliability indices and damage tolerance indices have been computed for the weak-zone model and the corresponding homogeneous modelof a timber beam. The difference in reliability indices between the homogeneous and weak-zone models depends more on the probability model of the weak-zone strength than on the mean distance between the weak zones. There is no significant difference in the damage tolerance indices computed for the two considered models of a timber beam.
Godkänd; 1998; 20061122 (haneit)
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Books on the topic "Timber"

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John, Robertson, Robertson Uiga, and European Ethnological Research Centre, eds. Timber! East Linton: Tuckwell in association with European Ethnological Research Centre, 1998.

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Jane, Lister, ed. Timber. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2011.

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Laxton, R. R. Timber: Dendrochronology of roof timbers at Lincoln Cathedral. London: James & James, 2001.

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McMullin, Paul W., and Jonathan S. Price, eds. Timber Design. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315733890.

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Baker, Vicki. Timber hills. Pittsburgh, PA: SterlingHouse, 1999.

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Dunn, Marylois. Timber pirates. Kingwood, TX: Blue Lantern Pub., 1997.

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Pradhan, Basant, Narsimha R. Pinninti, and Shanaya Rathod. TIMBER Psychotherapy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20648-2.

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Baldwin Ranger District (Mich.), ed. Timber Creek. Baldwin, MI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Manistee National Forest, Baldwin Ranger District, 1993.

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Chilton, John. Timber Gridshells. New York : Routledge, 2016.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315773872.

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1920-, Barker Philip, ed. Timber castles. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Timber"

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Son, Lee How, and George C. S. Yuen. "Timber and Timber Components." In Building Maintenance Technology, 157–83. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23150-8_8.

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Lyons, Arthur. "Timber and timber products." In Materials for Architects and Builders, 129–200. Sixth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351109550-4.

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Cruz, Helena, and José Saporiti. "Timber." In Bioclimatic Architecture in Warm Climates, 371–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12036-8_14.

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Zarach, Stephanie. "Timber." In Debrett’s Bibliography of Business History, 240–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08984-0_48.

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Brentnall, Charley. "Timber." In Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation, 167–77. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470697696.ch9.

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Deplazes, Andrea. "Timber." In Constructing Architecture, 77–112. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-7643-7666-x_5.

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Zarach, Stephanie. "Timber." In British Business History, 295–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13185-3_47.

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Vernon, Siobhan, Susan Irwine, Joanna Patton, and Neil Chapman. "Timber." In Landscape Architect's Pocket Book, 26–38. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119500-5.

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Kent, Douglas. "Timber." In Regenerating Essential Goods and Services in Urban Landscapes, 186–209. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003369752-9.

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Newton, Peter H. "Structural Timber." In Structural Detailing, 100–111. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12448-0_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Timber"

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Paparizos, Stelios, Yuqing Wu, Cong Yu, Shurug Al-Khalifa, Adriane Chapman, H. V. Jagadish, Laks V. S. Lakshmanan, et al. "TIMBER." In the 2003 ACM SIGMOD international conference on. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/872757.872862.

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Poutanen, Tuomo, Markku Karjalainen, Valtteri Paananen, and Jouko Tanskanen. "GLUED TIMBER TRUSSES." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0459.

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Baker, W. F., D. R. Horos, B. M. Johnson, and J. A. Schultz. "Timber Tower Research: Concrete Jointed Timber Frame." In Structures Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413357.113.

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NOURI, FARSHID, MARK A. BRADFORD, and HAMID VALIPOUR. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TIMBER–TIMBER COMPOSITE MEMBERS." In HPSM/OPTI 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/hpsm180091.

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Wiliamson, Emily, Chris Pantelides, Hans-Erik Blomgren, and Douglas Rammer. "MASS TIMBER BRACED FRAMES WITH MASS TIMBER BUCKLING RESTRAINED BRACES." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0265.

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Drexler, Hans. "MONO-MATERIAL TIMBER CONSTRUCTION RE-INVENTION OF PRESS-FIT TIMBER CONSTRUCTIONS." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0513.

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Blomgren, Hans-Erik, David Barber, and Graham Montgomery. "FIRE DESIGN OF GLULAM CONNECTIONS WITH TIMBER-TO-TIMBER BEARING INTERFACES." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0238.

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Lebossé, Maxence, Franck Besancon, Gilles Halin, and Alain Fuchs. "VALUES OF RECLAIMED TIMBER." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0470.

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Winder, Sam, Daniel Chapman, Panayiotis Papastavrou, Simon Smith, and Allan McRobie. "PREFABRICATED TIMBER CONCRETE COMPOSITES." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0403.

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Kitriniaris, Alexandros, Sotiris Monachogios, and Zannis Konteas. "EUPHORBIA: MASS TIMBER STADIUM." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2023 (WCTE2023). As, Norway: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/069179-0572.

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Reports on the topic "Timber"

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Blyth, James E., James W. Whipple, Terry Mace, and W. Brad Smith. Wisconsin timber industry--an assessment of timber output trends. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-90.

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Nevel, Robert L. ,. Jr, Peter R. Lammert, and Richard H. Widmann. Maine timber industries - a periodic assessment of timber output. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-rb-83.

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McWilliams, William H., and Richard A. Birdsey. Midsouth timber statistics. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rb-108.

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Winn, Matthew F., Larry A. Royer, James W. Bentley, Ronald J. Piva, Todd A. Morgan, Erik C. Berg, and John W. Coulston. Timber products monitoring. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-251.

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Brackley, Allen M., and Richard W. Haynes. Timber products output and timber harvests in Alaska: an addendum. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-559.

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Blyth, James E., Donald H. McGuire, and W. Brad Smith. Indiana timber industry--an assessment of timber product output and use. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-102.

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Blyth, James E., Anthony K. Weatherspoon, and W. Brad Smith. Michigan timber industry--an assessment of timber product output and use. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-109.

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Blyth, James E., James W. Whipple, and W. Brad Smith. Wisconsin timber industry--an assessment of timber product output and use. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-112.

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Smith, W. Brad, and Shelby Jones. Missouri timber industry--an assessment of timber product output and use. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-120.

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Hackett, Ronald L., and James W. Whipple. Wisconsin timber industry--an assessment of timber product output and use. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-164.

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