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Journal articles on the topic 'Tidal inlet morphodynamics'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Nienhuis, Jaap H., and Jorge Lorenzo-Trueba. "Simulating barrier island response to sea level rise with the barrier island and inlet environment (BRIE) model v1.0." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 4013–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4013-2019.

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Abstract. Barrier islands are low-lying coastal landforms vulnerable to inundation and erosion by sea level rise. Despite their socioeconomic and ecological importance, their future morphodynamic response to sea level rise or other hazards is poorly understood. To tackle this knowledge gap, we outline and describe the BarrieR Inlet Environment (BRIE) model that can simulate long-term barrier morphodynamics. In addition to existing overwash and shoreface formulations, BRIE accounts for alongshore sediment transport, inlet dynamics, and flood–tidal delta deposition along barrier islands. Inlets within BRIE can open, close, migrate, merge with other inlets, and build flood–tidal delta deposits. Long-term simulations reveal complex emergent behavior of tidal inlets resulting from interactions with sea level rise and overwash. BRIE also includes a stratigraphic module, which demonstrates that barrier dynamics under constant sea level rise rates can result in stratigraphic profiles composed of inlet fill, flood–tidal delta, and overwash deposits. In general, the BRIE model represents a process-based exploratory view of barrier island morphodynamics that can be used to investigate long-term risks of flooding and erosion in barrier environments. For example, BRIE can simulate barrier island drowning in cases in which the imposed sea level rise rate is faster than the morphodynamic response of the barrier island.

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2

de Swart, H. E., and J. T. F. Zimmerman. "Morphodynamics of Tidal Inlet Systems." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 41, no. 1 (January 2009): 203–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165159.

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3

Li, Ming, John Nicholson, Shunqi Pan, and Brian A. O'Connor. "NUMERICAL MODELLING OF MORPHODYNAMICS AROUND A TIDAL INLET." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 30, 2014): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.sediment.66.

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4

Wei, Yizhang, Yining Chen, Jufei Qiu, Zeng Zhou, Peng Yao, Qin Jiang, Zheng Gong, Giovanni Coco, Ian Townend, and Changkuan Zhang. "The role of geological mouth islands on the morphodynamics of back-barrier tidal basins." Earth Surface Dynamics 10, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-65-2022.

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Abstract. Researchers have extensively investigated the back-barrier islands morphodynamics using numerical methods. However, the influence of rocky mouth islands, which may be submerged by sea-level rise, has been rarely explored. Using the Dongshan Bay in southern China as a reference, this study numerically explores the long-term morphodynamic effect of geological constraints (e.g. rocky islands) for back-barrier basins. Model results indicate that the spatial configuration of mouth islands can considerably affect the morphological development of tidal basins. The presence of mouth islands narrows the inlet cross-sectional area, increasing flow velocity and residual current, resulting in more sediment suspension and transport. Meanwhile, mouth islands tend to increase erosion in the tidal basin and sedimentation in the ebb-delta area. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of mouth islands can also affect tidal basin evolution: the basin-side mouth islands tend to cause more basin erosion with higher tidal currents and more sediment transport. In contrast, the delta-side ones may increase relative sediment deposition in the basin. Finally, larger tidal prisms are observed with more mouth islands and with basin-side mouth islands, suggesting that the number and location of islands can affect the relationship between the tidal prism and inlet cross-sectional area. This modelling study furthers the understanding of barrier basin morphodynamics affected by rocky mouth islands and informs management strategies under a changing environment.

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5

Petti, Marco, Silvia Bosa, Sara Pascolo, and Erika Uliana. "An Integrated Approach to Study the Morphodynamics of the Lignano Tidal Inlet." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8020077.

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The morphological evolution of a tidal inlet is the combined result of tides and wind waves, which interact in a non-linear manner and over very different time-scales. Likewise, the presence of maritime structures built in the vicinity of the tidal inlet, for coastal or port defense or to stabilize the inlet itself, can greatly affect this dynamic equilibrium, changing erosional and depositional patterns of the adjacent shoreline. In this study, the narrowing phenomenon of the Lignano tidal inlet subsequent to the construction of the related port, is examined through an integrated approach in order to propose and verify a possible form of evolution. This approach is the result of the combination of three methods: the historical reconstruction of the shifting of the coastline, an empirical scheme which describes the qualitative morphology of a mixed-energy tidal inlet, and a process-based morphodynamic modeling, which adopts a bi-dimensional depth averaged (2DH) approach. The application of numerical modeling has required the definition of a reduced input set of data representing an average year, in particular for wind and tidal conditions, including the meteorological component. The magnitude and the directions of the simulated dominant sediment transport are coherent with real processes both from a qualitative and a quantitative point of view.

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6

Xie, Dongfeng, Shu Gao, and Cunhong Pan. "Process-based modeling of morphodynamics of a tidal inlet system." Acta Oceanologica Sinica 29, no. 6 (November 2010): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13131-010-0076-1.

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7

Abida, Rizal Fadlan, Totok Suprijo, and Budhy Soeksmantono. "Opak and Bogowonto Coastal Inlet Sand Spit Morphodynamics using Landsat and Sentinel Satellite Images." Jurnal Segara 18, no. 3 (January 4, 2023): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/segara.v18i3.11918.

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Sand spits are elongated sand deposits on the beach that often form at the inlet or the headland’s tip. The hydrodynamics of the river flow, waves, storm surge, and tide affect the sand spit formation, which was created by the longshore transport along the coast. Bogowonto and Opak inlets are located in southern coastal Java facing directly to the Indian ocean where micro-tidal, waves, and river flow affecting both inlets, are chosen for this case study. Morphodynamics analysis of sand spit using Landsat 7 and 8, Sentinel 2 image from 2000 to 2020, coastline identification using Modified Normalized Different Water Index (mNDWI). In November 2007 and October 2013, Opak Inlet migratory routes were detected, and closures related to the east season occurred at both of them. Inlet tend to close occur on east season during July until November.

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8

Silva, Rodrigo Amado Garcia, Marcos Nicolás Gallo, Paulo Cesar Colonna Rosman, and Izabel Christina Martins Nogueira. "Tidal inlet short-term morphodynamics analysed trough the tidal prism - longshore sediment transport ratio criterion." Geomorphology 351 (February 2020): 106918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106918.

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9

van der Vegt, M., and P. Hoekstra. "Morphodynamics of a storm-dominated, shallow tidal inlet: the Slufter, the Netherlands." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 91, no. 3 (November 2012): 325–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600000470.

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AbstractIn this article we study the morphodynamics of the Slufter on the short-term (months) and long-term (years to decades). The Slufter is a small, shallow tidal inlet located on the island of Texel, the Netherlands. A narrow (tens of meters) channel connects the North Sea with a dune valley of 400 ha. This narrow channel is located in between a 400-700 m wide opening in the dunes. Approximately 80% of the basin of the Slufter is located above mean high water level and is flooded only during storms, when a threshold water level is exceeded.Analysis of historical aerial photographs revealed that the inlet channel migrates about 100 m per year. In the 1970's it migrated to the south, while since 1980 it is migrating to the north. When the channel reached the dunes at the north side of the dune breach the channel was relocated to the south by man. The channel inside the backbarrier basin was less dynamic. It shows a gradual growth and southward migration of a meander on a decadal time scale.The short-term dynamics of the Slufter were studied during a field campaign in 2008. The campaign aimed at identifying the dominant hydrodynamic processes and morphological change during fair weather conditions and during storm events. During fair weather flow velocities in the main inlet channel were 0.5-0.8 m/s at water depths of 0-1.5 m, slightly ebb-dominant and associated morphological change was small. When water levels were above critical levels during a storm period the hydrodynamics in the main channel drastically changed. The flow in the main channel was highly ebb dominant. Long ebb periods with typical flow velocities of 2 m/s were alternated by much shorter flood periods with typical velocities of 0.5-1 m/s. This resulted in a net outflow of water via the main channel, while we measured a net inflow of water at the beach plain. During the storm period in 2008 we measured a 10 m migration of the channel to the north.We conclude that the Slufter is a storm-dominated tidal inlet system.

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10

Vu, Thuy Thi Thu, Peter Nielsen, and David P. Callaghan. "MONITORING INLET MORPHODYNAMICS VIA TIDAL RESPONSE, SEEN THROUGH A NOVEL 24.5HOUR MOVING WINDOW." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 26, 2014): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.posters.10.

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11

Humberston, Joshua, Thomas Lippmann, and Jesse McNinch. "Observations of wave influence on alongshore ebb-tidal delta morphodynamics at Oregon Inlet, NC." Marine Geology 418 (December 2019): 106040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106040.

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12

Elias, Edwin P. L., and Ad J. F. van der Spek. "Dynamic preservation of Texel Inlet, the Netherlands: understanding the interaction of an ebb-tidal delta with its adjacent coast." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 96, no. 4 (December 2017): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2017.34.

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AbstractTidal inlets and the associated ebb-tidal deltas can significantly impact the coastal sediment budget due to their ability to store or release large quantities of sand. Nearly 300 million m3(mcm) of sediments were eroded from Texel Inlet's ebb-tidal delta and the adjacent coasts following the closure of the Zuiderzee in 1932. This erosion continues even today as a net loss of 77 mcm was observed between 1986 and 2015. To compensate, over 30 mcm of sand has been placed on the adjacent coastlines since 1990, making maintenance of these beaches the most intensive of the entire Dutch coastal system.Highly frequent and detailed observations of both the hydrodynamics and morphodynamics of Texel Inlet have resulted in a unique dataset of this largest inlet of the Wadden Sea, providing an opportunity to investigate inlet sediment dynamics under the influence of anthropogenic pressure. By linking detailed measurements of bathymetric change to direct observations of processes we were able to unravel the various components that have contributed to the supply of sediment to the basin, and develop a four-stage conceptual model describing the multi-decadal adaptation of the ebb-tidal delta.Prior to closure of the Zuiderzee a dynamic equilibrium state (stage 1) existed with a stable ebb-tidal delta. The largest morphological changes occurred in roughly the first 40 years since the closure, and were dominated by the rotation and scouring of large tidal channels and landward retreat of the Noorderhaaks ebb shoal (stage 2; adaptation). Between 1975 and 2001 the general layout of main channels and shoals was stable, but large sediment losses continued to occur (stage 3; equilibrium erosional state). Since 2001, the erosion rates have significantly reduced to 2 mcm a−1(stage 4; stabilisation).Twenty-five years of data on ‘Dynamic Preservation’ prove that sand nourishments are well capable of keeping the coastlines adjacent to the Texel Inlet in place. Moreover, the abundant supply of sediment may also have compensated for the sediment losses on the larger scale of the southern part of the ebb-tidal delta, resulting in a recent stabilisation of its volume. This response illustrates the potential benefits of Dynamic Preservation not only for coastline resilience but also on the larger scale of the inlet system. Such knowledge is essential for future preservation, management and maintenance of inlet systems in the scope of climate change and accelerated sea-level rise.

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13

Mariotti, Giulio, and Shamim Murshid. "A 2D Tide-Averaged Model for the Long-Term Evolution of an Idealized Tidal Basin-Inlet-Delta System." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 6, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse6040154.

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We present a model for the morphodynamics of tidal basin-inlet-delta systems at the centennial time scales. Tidal flow is calculated through a friction dominated model, with a semi-empirical correction to account for the advection of momentum. Transport of non-cohesive sediment (sand) is simulated through tidal dispersion, i.e., without explicitly resolving sediment advection. Sediment is also transported downslope through a bed elevation diffusion process. The model is compared to a high-resolution tide-resolving model (Delft3D) with good agreement for different hydrodynamic and sedimentary settings. The model has low sensitivity with respect to temporal and spatial discretization. For the same spatial resolution, the model is about five orders of magnitude faster than tide-resolving models (e.g., Delft3D), and about three orders of magnitude faster than tide-resolving models that use a morphological acceleration factor. This numerical efficiency makes the model suitable to assess long-term changes of large coastal areas. The model’s simplicity makes it suitable for coupling with other physical, ecological, and socio-economic dynamics.

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14

Scarpa, Gian Marco, Federica Braga, Giorgia Manfè, Giuliano Lorenzetti, and Luca Zaggia. "Towards an Integrated Observational System to Investigate Sediment Transport in the Tidal Inlets of the Lagoon of Venice." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 3371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143371.

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An observation system integrating satellite images, in situ water parameters and hydrodynamic measurements was implemented in a tidal inlet of the Venice Lagoon (Northern Adriatic Sea, Italy). The experimental infrastructure was developed to autonomously investigate suspended sediment dynamics in the two channels of the Lido inlet in relation to the longshore currents in the littoral zone and the tidal circulation along the lagoon channel network. It provided time series of turbidity at the surface, water flow and acoustic backscatter, which was converted into turbidity along the vertical column during different tidal phases and meteo-marine conditions. Accurate turbidity maps were derived from Sentinel-2 (Copernicus) and Landsat 8 (NASA) satellites. Long-term in situ data from field surveys enabled the calibration and intercalibration of the instrumental setup and validation of satellite-derived products. Time series from the instrumental network were analyzed in order to evaluate the temporal variability of suspended sediment in relation to tidal phases and the different meteo-marine conditions. The integration of available datasets with satellite images also permitted the testing of the methodology for a 3-D reconstruction of the suspended sediment pattern in calm sea conditions, under the effect of the sole hydrodynamical forcing. Remotely sensed data provide a synoptic distribution of turbidity in the inlet area allowing the analysis of the surficial patterns of suspended sediment and the inferring of information on the transport processes at different spatial scales. In calm sea conditions, the results show that the transport is driven by tidal currents with a net seaward transport related to a larger export of materials from the northern basin of the Lagoon of Venice. During typical northeasterly storms, materials mobilized on the beaches and in the shoreface are transported into the inlet and distributed into the lagoon channel network, following the flood tidal currents and determining net import of materials. The multitude of information provided by this system can support research on aquatic science (i.e., numerical simulations) and address end-user community practices. The ecosystem management will also benefit operational purposes, such as the monitoring of morphological transformations, erosion processes and planning of coastal defense in the future scenarios of sea level rise. The developed approach will also help to understand how the regulation of the inlet flow introduced by the operation of the flood barriers will affect the fluxes of particles and, in the long term, the lagoon morphodynamics.

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15

Kleinhans, M. G., M. van der Vegt, R. Terwisscha van Scheltinga, A. W. Baar, and H. Markies. "Turning the tide: experimental creation of tidal channel networks and ebb deltas." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 91, no. 3 (November 2012): 311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600000469.

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AbstractTidal channel networks, estuaries and ebb deltas are usually formed over a period longer than observations cover. Much is known about their characteristics and formation from linear stability analyses, numerical modelling and field observations. However, experiments are rare whilst these can provide data-rich descriptions of morphological evolution in fully controlled boundary and initial conditions. Our objective is to ascertain whether tidal basins can be formed in experiments, what the possible scale effects are, and whether morphological equilibrium of such systems exists.We experimentally created tidal basins with simple channel networks and ebb deltas in a 1.2 by 1.2 m square basin with either a fixed or self-formed tidal inlet and initially flat sediment bed in the tidal basin raised above the bed of the sea. Rather than create tides by varying water level, we tilted the entire basin over the diagonal. The advantage of this novel method is that the bed surface slopes in downstream direction both during flood and ebb phases, resulting in significant transport and morphological change in the flood phase as well as the ebb phase. This overcomes the major problem of earlier experiments which were entirely ebb-dominated, and reduces the experiment time by an order of magnitude.Ebb deltas formed in sand were entirely bedload dominated whereas the lightweight plastic sediment was intermittently suspended. Channels bifurcated during channel deepening and backward erosion to form a network of up to four orders. For initially dry tidal plains, the tidal prism increased as more sediment eroded from basin to ebb delta, so that evolution accelerated initially. The rate of change, the size of the channels and the final length of channels and delta were very sensitive to the tidal amplitude, tidal period and initial water depth in the basin. Most experiments with sand terminated with all sediment below the threshold for motion, whilst lightweight sediment remained mobile in the inlet region and firstorder channels, suggesting that sustained morphodynamics are feasible in experiments. We discuss how this novel experimental setup can be extended to produce tidal deltas, estuaries and other tidal systems and study their dynamics as a function of their forcing.

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16

Lawson, Stephan Korblah, Hitoshi Tanaka, Keiko Udo, Nguyen Trong Hiep, and Nguyen Xuan Tinh. "Morphodynamics and Evolution of Estuarine Sandspits along the Bight of Benin Coast, West Africa." Water 13, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13212977.

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It is well known that estuarine systems are significantly affected by hydrodynamic conditions such as river discharge, storm surges, waves and tidal conditions. In addition to this, human interferences through developmental projects have the capability of disrupting the natural morphological processes occurring at estuaries. In West Africa, the goal to improve standards of living through large-scale dam construction, offshore ports and coastal erosion countermeasures has triggered alarming changes in the morphodynamics of estuarine systems. The estuaries at the Volta River mouth (Ghana) and “Bouche du Roi” inlet (Benin), located along the Bight of Benin coast, West Africa, were selected as two case study sites to examine their long-term morphodynamics and sandspit evolution. In this study, we primarily analyzed estuarine morphology using remotely sensed images acquired from 1984 to 2020. We further estimated the longshore sediment transport for this region using results from the image analysis and the depth of active sediment motion. Our results reveal that the longshore sediment transport rates for this region are in the magnitude of 105–106 m3/year. Comparative analysis with other estuaries and sandy coasts suggests that the longshore sediment transport along this coast has one of the largest rates estimated in the world.

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17

Favaretto, Chiara, Giorgia Manfè, Matteo Volpato, and Gian Marco Scarpa. "Effect of Mo.S.E. Closures on Wind Waves in the Venetian Lagoon: In Situ and Numerical Analyses." Water 14, no. 16 (August 21, 2022): 2579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14162579.

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In the Venetian lagoon, the storm surge barriers (Mo.S.E. system) are crucial to prevent urban flooding during extreme stormy events. The inlet closures have some cascading effects on the hydrodynamics and sediment transports of this shallow tidal environment. The present study aims at investigating the effects of the Mo.S.E. closure on the wind-wave propagation inside the lagoon. In situ wave data were collected to establish a unique dataset of measurements recorded in front of San Marco square between July 2020 and December 2021, i.e., partially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten storm events were analyzed in terms of significant wave heights and simultaneous wind characteristics. This dataset allowed for validating a spectral wave model (SWAN) applied to the whole lagoon. The results show that the floodgate closures, which induce an artificial reduction of water levels, influence significant wave heights HS, which decrease on average by 22% compared to non-regulated conditions, but in the shallower areas (for example tidal flats and salt marshes), the predicted decrease is on average 48%. Consequently, the analysis suggests that the Mo.S.E. closures are expected to induce modifications in the wave overtopping, wave loads and lagoon morphodynamics.

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18

Siegle, Eduardo, Carlos A. F. Schettini, Antonio H. F. Klein, and Elírio E. Toldo Jr. "Hydrodynamics and suspended sediment transport in the Camboriú estuary - Brazil: pre jetty conditions." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 57, no. 2 (June 2009): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592009000200005.

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Estuarine hydrodynamics is a key factor in the definition of the filtering capacity of an estuary and results from the interaction of the processes that control the inlet morphodynamics and those that are acting in the mixing of the water in the estuary. The hydrodynamics and suspended sediment transport in the Camboriú estuary were assessed by two field campaigns conducted in 1998 that covered both neap and spring tide conditions. The period measured represents the estuarine hydrodynamics and sediment transport prior to the construction of the jetty in 2003 and provides important background information for the Camboriú estuary. Each field campaign covered two complete tidal cycles with hourly measurements of currents, salinity, suspended sediment concentration and water level. Results show that the Camboriú estuary is partially mixed with the vertical structure varying as a function of the tidal range and tidal phase. The dynamic estuarine structure can be balanced between the stabilizing effects generated by the vertical density gradient, which produces buoyancy and stratification flows, and the turbulent effects generated by the vertical velocity gradient that generates vertical mixing. The main sediment source for the water column are the bottom sediments, periodically resuspended by the tidal currents. The advective salt and suspended sediment transport was different between neap and spring tides, being more complex at spring tide. The river discharge term was important under both tidal conditions. The tidal correlation term was also important, being dominant in the suspended sediment transport during the spring tide. The gravitational circulation and Stokes drift played a secondary role in the estuarine transport processes.

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19

Mishra, Manoranjan, Tamoghna Acharyya, Pritam Chand, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos, Richarde Marques da Silva, Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos, Subhasis Pradhan, and Dipika Kar. "Response of long- to short-term tidal inlet morphodynamics on the ecological ramification of Chilika lake, the tropical Ramsar wetland in India." Science of The Total Environment 807 (February 2022): 150769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150769.

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20

Panda, P. P., M. Das, and N. R. Das. "MORPHODYNAMICS OF CHILIKA MOUTH- STUDY ON SHIFTING OF TIDAL INLETS AND ASSESSMENT OF SHORELINE CHANGE ALONG EASTERN COASTAL INDIA, USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES AND DSAS EXTENSION." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 08 (August 31, 2021): 845–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13336.

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This study is focused on the spatio-temporal change in shoreline along Chilika coast and migration of tidal inlet of Chilika lagoon using multi temporal satellite images from the year 1972-2019. This study is carried out over decadal analysis with utilization of EPR and LRR system of DSAS model. For this change analysis studies the Landsat satellite images and IRS-P6 LISS-III images has been used. From the study it reveals that there is one new mouth opening in 2019 after occurrence of cyclone Fani. Based on calculations, the mouth of Chilika mostly has shifted in northward direction. It may due to frequently occurrences of cyclonic storm surges, which usually associated with winds and tidal actions over the coast. This study shows the high erosion trend along 8.3 km in northern part of shoreline. The accretion found along 6.5km in central part of shoreline. The coastal region is now more vulnerable to natural disaster as well as manmade disaster. Most of the areas are prone to floods. This problem may become very serious due to rapid increase in population. Every year the eastern coastal region is destroyed by cyclone and floods.

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21

Bertin, Xavier, Baptiste Mengual, Anouk de Bakker, Thomas Guérin, Kevin Martins, Marc Pezert, and Laura Lavaud. "Recent Advances in Tidal Inlet Morphodynamic Modelling." Journal of Coastal Research 95, sp1 (May 26, 2020): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si95-198.1.

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22

LI, Gang, and Zhuyou SUN. "MORPHODYNAMIC SYSTEM AND THE EVOLUTION OF LAOLONGGOU TIDAL INLET." Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology 31, no. 1 (May 9, 2011): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1140.2011.01011.

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23

Cuadrado, Diana G., and Eduardo A. Gómez. "Morphodynamic characteristics in a tidal inlet: San Blas, Argentina." Geomorphology 135, no. 1-2 (December 2011): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.06.038.

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24

Wang, Zheng Bing, Ian Townend, and Marcel Stive. "Aggregated morphodynamic modelling of tidal inlets and estuaries." Water Science and Engineering 13, no. 1 (March 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wse.2020.03.004.

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25

Wang, Z. B., T. Louters, and H. J. de Vriend. "Morphodynamic modelling for a tidal inlet in the Wadden Sea." Marine Geology 126, no. 1-4 (August 1995): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(95)00083-b.

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26

Tambroni, N., M. Bolla Pittaluga, and G. Seminara. "Laboratory observations of the morphodynamic evolution of tidal channels and tidal inlets." Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 110, F4 (November 12, 2005): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004jf000243.

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27

Vroom, Julia, Edwin Elias, Jamie Lescinski, and Zheng Bing Wang. "ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF THE ZUIDER SEA CLOSURE ON THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE WADDEN SEA INLETS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.47.

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Large hydrodynamic and morphodynamic changes have taken place in the western Dutch Wadden Sea due to the closure of the Zuider Sea in the early 1930s. Hydrodynamic simulations for three situations, viz. just before the closure, just after the closure and at present, have been carried out in order to investigate the hydrodynamic changes since the closure and to improve our understanding of the observed morphodynamic changes. The model results show a large increase in tidal range after the closure of the Zuider Sea. This increase continued to grow after the closure due to bathymetric change and sea level rise. The morphodynamic analysis focuses on the changed behavior of the ebb-tidal deltas of the Texel Inlet and the Vlie Inlet. Both ebb-tidal deltas have undergone a re-orientation in up-drift direction. Two possible explanations based on the literature for this change are discussed with the help of the hydrodynamic simulations.

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28

Araújo, Rodolfo V., Pedro S. Pereira, Anderson P. Lino, Tereza M. Araújo, and Rodrigo M. Gonçalves. "Morphodynamic study of sandy beaches in a tropical tidal inlet using RPAS." Marine Geology 438 (August 2021): 106540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2021.106540.

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29

Michel, D., and H. L. Howa. "Morphodynamic behaviour of a tidal inlet system in a mixed-energy environment." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 22, no. 3-4 (January 1997): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-1946(97)00155-9.

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30

Ranasinghe, Roshanka, Charitha Pattiaratchi, and Gerhard Masselink. "A morphodynamic model to simulate the seasonal closure of tidal inlets." Coastal Engineering 37, no. 1 (June 1999): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3839(99)00008-3.

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31

de Swart, H. E., and N. D. Volp. "Effects of hypsometry on the morphodynamic stability of single and multiple tidal inlet systems." Journal of Sea Research 74 (November 2012): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2012.05.008.

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32

Elias, Edwin P. L., and Ad J. F. van der Spek. "Long-term morphodynamic evolution of Texel Inlet and its ebb-tidal delta (The Netherlands)." Marine Geology 225, no. 1-4 (January 2006): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.09.008.

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Fontolan, G., S. Pillon, F. Delli Quadri, and A. Bezzi. "Sediment storage at tidal inlets in northern Adriatic lagoons: Ebb-tidal delta morphodynamics, conservation and sand use strategies." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 75, no. 1-2 (October 2007): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.02.029.

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Tambroni, N., C. Ferrarin, and A. Canestrelli. "Benchmark on the numerical simulations of the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic evolution of tidal channels and tidal inlets." Continental Shelf Research 30, no. 8 (May 2010): 963–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.12.005.

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Nahon, Alphonse, Xavier Bertin, André B. Fortunato, and Anabela Oliveira. "Process-based 2DH morphodynamic modeling of tidal inlets: A comparison with empirical classifications and theories." Marine Geology 291-294 (January 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.001.

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Bosboom, J., and A. J. H. M. Reniers. "Displacement-based error metrics for morphodynamic models." Advances in Geosciences 39 (April 1, 2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-39-37-2014.

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Abstract. The accuracy of morphological predictions is generally measured by an overall point-wise metric, such as the mean-squared difference between pairs of predicted and observed bed levels. Unfortunately, point-wise accuracy metrics tend to favour featureless predictions over predictions whose features are (slightly) misplaced. From the perspective of a coastal morphologist, this may lead to wrong decisions as to which of two predictions is better. In order to overcome this inherent limitation of point-wise metrics, we propose a new diagnostic tool for 2-D morphological predictions, which explicitly takes (dis)agreement in spatial patterns into account. Our approach is to formulate errors based on a smooth displacement field between predictions and observations that minimizes the point-wise error. We illustrate the advantages of this approach using a variety of morphological fields, generated with Delft3D, for an idealized case of a tidal inlet developing from an initially very schematized geometry. The quantification of model performance by the new diagnostic tool is found to better reflect the qualitative judgement of experts than traditional point-wise metrics do.

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Yin, Yunzhu, Harshinie Karunarathna, and Dominic E. Reeve. "Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic and morphodynamic response of a meso-tidal estuary inlet to the impacts of global climate variabilities." Marine Geology 407 (January 2019): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2018.11.005.

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38

Elias, Edwin P. L., Ad J. F. van der Spek, and Marian Lazar. "The ‘Voordelta’, the contiguous ebb-tidal deltas in the SW Netherlands: large-scale morphological changes and sediment budget 1965–2013; impacts of large-scale engineering." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 96, no. 3 (November 3, 2016): 233–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2016.37.

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AbstractThe estuaries in the SW Netherlands, a series of distributaries of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt known as the Dutch Delta, have been engineered to a large extent as part of the Delta Project. The Voordelta, a coalescing system of the ebb-tidal deltas of these estuaries, extendsc.10 km offshore and coversc.90 km of the coast. The complete or partial damming of the estuaries had an enormous impact on the ebb-tidal deltas. The strong reduction of the cross-shore directed tidal flow triggered a series of morphological changes that continue until today. This paper aims to give a concise overview of half a century of morphological changes and a sediment budget, both for the individual ebb-tidal deltas and the Voordelta as a whole, based on the analysis of a unique series of frequent bathymetric surveys. The well-monitored changes in the Voordelta, showing the differences in responses of the ebb-tidal deltas, provide clear insight into the underlying processes. Despite anthropogenic dominance, knowledge based on natural inlets can still explain the observed developments. Complete damming of the three northern estuaries Brielse Maas, Haringvliet and Grevelingen resulted in a regime shift, from mixed-energy to wave-dominated, and sediments are transported in landward and downdrift direction. This results in large morphodynamic changes – sediments are redistributed from the delta front landward – but small net volume changes – a 0.1–0.2 × 106m3a−1increase in volume over the period 1965–2010 – since the dams block sediment transport into the estuaries. Sediment volume losses of 106m3a−1are observed on the ebb-tidal delta of the partially closed Eastern Scheldt and still open Western Scheldt estuary. As a result of a reduction of the estuarine tide in the mouth of the Eastern Scheldt, the north–south-running North Sea tidal wave has gained impact on its ebb-tidal delta, which causes morphological adjustments and erosion of the Banjaard shoal area. Moreover, the Eastern Scheldt ebb-tidal delta delivers sediment to its neighbours. The stable ebb-tidal delta configuration in the Western Scheldt, despite major dredging activities, illustrates that these large inlet systems are robust and resilient to significant anthropogenic change, as long as the balance between the dominant hydrodynamic processes (tides and waves) does not alter significantly.

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Mascioli, Francesco, Valerio Piattelli, Francesco Cerrone, Davide Gasprino, Tina Kunde, and Enrico Miccadei. "Feasibility of Objective Seabed Mapping Techniques in a Coastal Tidal Environment (Wadden Sea, Germany)." Geosciences 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11020049.

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The growing interest in monitoring the marine environment has strongly encouraged governmental agencies and research institutes to undertake seabed mapping programs and stimulated scientific interest in innovative mapping methods and tools. In this study, object-based image analysis was used to map a very shallow tidal inlet, characterized by high sediment variability and intense morphodynamic processes. The aim was to test the feasibility of reproducible mapping approaches within extended mapping programs of complex coastal areas. The study is based on full-coverage, high-resolution bathymetry and reflectivity, calibrated by means of sediment samples. Seafloor segmentation and classification were based on a cluster analysis performed on reflectivity, slope, and ruggedness. Statistics of clusters were extracted and analysed to identify the optimal number of clusters and evaluate the suitability of the clustering process to differentiate different seabed types. Clusters and samples data were joined to create a training and validation dataset for characterizing the seabed and carrying out an accuracy assessment. Misclassifications were explored and referred to three main reasons: (i) The not-perfect correspondence between sediment boundaries of classification systems and boundaries derived from the clustering process; (ii) the geomorphological features of the seabed; and (iii) the position accuracy of samples. The study contributes to testing of the feasibility of objective methods and highlights the importance of joining acoustic, lithological, and geomorphological analysis. It highlights issues and the need to critically analyse the mapping results and improve the accuracy of collected data.

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Elias, E. P. L., A. J. F. van der Spek, Z. B. Wang, and J. de Ronde. "Morphodynamic development and sediment budget of the Dutch Wadden Sea over the last century." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 91, no. 3 (November 2012): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600000457.

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AbstractThe availability of nearly 100 years of bathymetric measurements allows the analysis of the morphodynamic evolution of the Dutch Wadden Sea under rising sea level and increasing human constraint. The historically observed roll-over mechanisms of landward barrier and coastline retreat cannot be sustained naturally due to numerous erosion control measures that have fixed the tidal basin and barrier dimensions. Nevertheless, the large continuous sedimentation in the tidal basins (nearly 600 million m3), the retained inlets and the similar channel-shoal characteristics of the basins during the observation period indicate that the Wadden Sea is resilient to anthropogenic influence, and can import sediment volumes even larger than those needed to compensate the present rate of sea-level rise. The largest sedimentation occurs in the Western Wadden Sea, where the influence of human intervention is dominant. The large infilling rates in closed-off channels, and along the basin shoreline, rather than a gradual increase in channel flat heights, render it likely that this sedimentation is primarily a response to the closure of the Zuiderzee and not an adaptation to sea-level rise. Most of the sediments were supplied by the ebb-tidal deltas. It is, however, unlikely that the sediment volume needed to reach a new equilibrium morphology in the Western Wadden Sea can be delivered by the remaining ebb-tidal deltas alone.

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Lodder, Wang, Elias, van der Spek, de Looff, and Townend. "Future Response of the Wadden Sea Tidal Basins to Relative Sea-Level rise—An Aggregated Modelling Approach." Water 11, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): 2198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102198.

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Climate change, and especially the associated acceleration of sea-level rise, forms a serious threat to the Wadden Sea. The Wadden Sea contains the world’s largest coherent intertidal flat area and it is known that these flats can drown when the rate of sea-level rise exceeds a critical limit. As a result, the intertidal flats would then be permanently inundated, seriously affecting the ecological functioning of the system. The determination of this critical limit and the modelling of the transient process of how a tidal basin responds to accelerated sea-level rise is of critical importance. In this contribution we revisit the modelling of the response of the Wadden Sea tidal basins to sea-level rise using a basin scale morphological model (aggregated scale morphological interaction between tidal basin and adjacent coast, ASMITA). Analysis using this aggregated scale model shows that the critical rate of sea-level rise is not merely influenced by the morphological equilibrium and the morphological time scale, but also depends on the grain size distribution of sediment in the tidal inlet system. As sea-level rises, there is a lag in the morphological response, which means that the basin will be deeper than the systems morphological equilibrium. However, so long as the rate of sea-level rise is constant and below a critical limit, this offset becomes constant and a dynamic equilibrium is established. This equilibrium deviation as well as the time needed to achieve the dynamic equilibrium increase non-linearly with increasing rates of sea-level rise. As a result, the response of a tidal basin to relatively fast sea-level rise is similar, no matter if the sea-level rise rate is just below, equal or above the critical limit. A tidal basin will experience a long process of ‘drowning’ when sea-level rise rate exceeds about 80% of the critical limit. The insights from the present study can be used to improve morphodynamic modelling of tidal basin response to accelerating sea-level rise and are useful for sustainable management of tidal inlet systems.

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Islam, Md Feroz, Paul P. Schot, Stefan C. Dekker, Jasper Griffioen, and Hans Middelkoop. "Physical controls and a priori estimation of raising land surface elevation across the southwestern Bangladesh delta using tidal river management." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 26, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 903–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-903-2022.

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Abstract. The Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta in Bangladesh is one of the largest and most densely populated deltas in the world and is threatened by relative sea level rise (RSLR). Renewed sediment deposition through tidal river management (TRM), a controlled flooding with dike breach, inside the lowest parts of the delta polders (so-called beels) can potentially counterbalance the RSLR. The potential of TRM application in different beels across southwestern Bangladesh has been estimated previously but requires further exploration. Neither the seasonal and spatial variations in physical drivers nor the non-linear character of physical drivers and several sensitive parameters for sediment deposition have been taken into account so far. We used a 2D morphodynamic model to explore the physical controls of the following five parameters on the total sediment deposition inside the beels during TRM: river tidal range (TR), river suspended sediment concentration (SSC), inundation depth (ID), width of the inlet (IW), and surface area of the beel (BA). Our model results indicate that these five parameters and their interactions are significant for sediment deposition per day (SPD), where SSC and BA have a high impact, TR and ID have a moderate impact, and IW has a low impact on sediment deposition. Non-linear regression models (NLMs) were developed using the results of 2D models to quantify how sediment deposition inside the beels depends on these parameters. The NLMs have an average coefficient of determination of 0.74 to 0.77. Application of the NLMs to 234 beels in southwestern Bangladesh indicates that TRM operation in beels located closer to the sea will retain more sediment as a result of decreasing SSC further inland. Lower average land surface elevation is one of the reasons that the beels in the western part retain more sediment. Smaller beels have a higher potential to raise the land surface elevation due to the non-linear increase in sediment deposition per day (SPD) with beel area. Compartmentalization of larger beels may increase their potential to raise the land surface elevation. Thus, the length of time of the TRM application in a cyclic order will need to vary across the delta from 1 to multiple years to counterbalance RSLR, depending on the current beel land surface elevation and local TRM sediment accumulation rates. We found that operating TRM only during the monsoon season is sufficient to raise the land surface in 96 % and 80 % of all beels by more than 3 and 5 times the yearly RSLR, respectively. Applying TRM only seasonally offers huge advantages as to keeping the land available for agriculture during the rest of the year. The methodology presented here, applying regression models based on 2D morphodynamic modeling, may be used for the low-lying sinking deltas around the world to provide an a priori estimation of sediment deposition from controlled flooding to counterbalance RSLR.

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Sundar, Vallam, Kantharaj Murali, Sukanya Ramesh Babu, and A. Arun Rajasekar. "Tidal inlet morphodynamics through numerical prediction and measurements." Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, October 27, 2021, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1064119x.2021.1992548.

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44

Duong, Trang Minh, Roshanka Ranasinghe, and David P. Callaghan. "Probabilistic projections of the stability of small tidal inlets at century time scale using a reduced complexity approach." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 25, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01945-5.

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AbstractClimate change is widely expected to affect the thousands of small tidal inlets (STIs) dotting the global coastline. To properly inform effective adaptation strategies for the coastal areas in the vicinity of these inlets, it is necessary to know the temporal evolution of inlet stability over climate change time scales (50–100 years). As available numerical models are unable to perform continuous morphodynamic simulations at such time scales, here we develop and pilot a fast, probabilistic, reduced complexity model (RAPSTA – RAPid assessment tool of inlet STAbility) that can also quantify forcing uncertainties. RAPSTA accounts for the key physical processes governing STI stability and for climate change driven variations in system forcing. The model is very fast, providing a 100 year projection in less than 3 seconds. RAPSTA is demonstrated here at 3 STIs, representing the 3 main Types of STIs; Permanently open, locationally stable inlet (Type 1); Permanently open, alongshore migrating inlet (Type 2); Seasonally/Intermittently open, locationally stable inlet (Type 3). Model applications under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (RCP 8.5), accounting for forcing uncertainties, show that while the Type 1 STI will not change type over the twenty-first century, the Type 2 inlet may change into a more unstable Type 3 system around mid-century, and the Type 3 STI may change into a less unstable Type 2 system in about 20 years from now, further changing into a stable Type 1 STI around mid-century. These projections underscore the need for future adaptation strategies to remain flexible.

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Duong, Trang Minh. "Climate Change Induced Coastline Change Adjacent to Small Tidal Inlets." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (December 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.754756.

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The many thousands of small tidal inlets (STIs), and their adjacent coastlines, are almost certain to be affected by climate change in multiple ways, due to their behaviour being closely linked to both oceanic and terrestrial drivers such as riverflow, sea level, and ocean waves, all which are projected to change over the 21st century. Development of risk informed adaptation strategies for these highly utilized and inhabited inlet-interrupted coast zones requires projections of both alongshore average coastline recession and alongshore variability in coastline position along the coast under future forcing conditions, the latter being an aspect that has not received much attention to date. Here, a combination of a process-based morphodynamic model (Delft3D) and the reduced complexity coastline model (SMIC), concurrently forced with tides, waves, riverflows, and sea level rise, is used to investigate both of these phenomena at STI-interrupted coasts. The models are here applied to schematised conditions representing two systems in Sri Lanka, representing two of the three main Types of STIs: Negombo lagoon – permanently open, locationally stable inlet (Type 1), and Kalutara lagoon – permanently open, alongshore migrating inlet (Type 2). Results indicate that, under a high emissions climate scenario following RCP 8.5, by end-century, the coastline adjacent to the Type 1 STI may experience an alongshore average recession as large as 200 m, and that the alongshore variability in coastline position may be up to twice that at present. The Type 2 STI is projected to experience an alongshore average coastline recession of about 120 m, and up to a 75% increase in alongshore variability in coastline position by end-century, relative to the present. Thus, both the alongshore average coastline recession and the increase in the alongshore variability in coastline position are greater at the Type 1 STI, compared to at the Type 2 STI. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for both alongshore average coastline recession and future changes in alongshore variability in coastline position when assessing coastal hazards and risk on inlet-interrupted coasts to adequately inform climate adaptation strategies.

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Bakhtiari, Amir P. "Long-term investigation of morphodynamic variations of a tidal inlet by remote sensing: A case study of the Meidani Inlet, Hormozgan, Iran." Regional Studies in Marine Science, August 2022, 102605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2022.102605.

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47

Jacob, Benjamin, and Emil V. Stanev. "Understanding the Impact of Bathymetric Changes in the German Bight on Coastal Hydrodynamics: One Step Toward Realistic Morphodynamic Modeling." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (June 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.640214.

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The hydrodynamic response to morphodynamic variability in the coastal areas of the German Bight was analyzed via numerical experiments using time-referenced bathymetric data for the period 1982–2012. Time-slice experiments were conducted for each year with the Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model (SCHISM). This unstructured-grid model resolves small-scale bathymetric features in the coastal zone, which are well-resolved in the high-resolution time-referenced bathymetric data (50 m resolution). Their analysis reveals the continuous migration of tidal channels, as well as rather complex change of the depths of tidal flats in different periods. The almost linear relationship between the cross-sectional inlet areas and the tidal prisms of the intertidal basins in the East Frisian Wadden Sea demonstrates that these bathymetric data describe a consistent morphodynamic evolutionary trend. The numerical experiment results are streamlined to explain the hydrodynamic evolution from 1982 to 2012. Although the bathymetric changes were mostly located in a relatively small part of the model area, they resulted in substantial changes in the M2 tidal amplitudes, i.e., larger than 5 cm in some areas. The hydrodynamic response to bathymetric changes largely exceeded the response to sea level rise. The tidal asymmetry estimated from the model appeared very sensitive to bathymetric evolution, particularly between the southern tip of Sylt Island and the Eider Estuary along the eastern coast. The peak current asymmetry weakened from 1982 to 1995 and even reversed within some tidal basins to become flood-dominant. This would suggest that the flushing trend in the 1980s was reduced or reversed in the second half of the studied period. Salinity also appeared sensitive to bathymetric changes; the deviations in the individual years reached ~22 psu in the tidal channels and tidal flats. One practical conclusion from the present numerical simulations is that wherever possible, the numerical modeling of near-coastal zones must employ time-referenced bathymetry data. The second, perhaps even more important conclusion, is that the progress of morphodynamic modeling in realistic ocean settings with multiple scales and varying bottom forms is strongly dependent on the availability of bathymetric data with appropriate temporal and spatial resolution.

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