Journal articles on the topic 'Thula (Cat)'

Six species of Acropimpla Townes, 1960 are recorded from Vietnam, of which three species are described as new: A. lampei sp. nov. from Ea So, Dak Lak Province, Central Highlands of Vietnam, A. mucronis sp. nov. from Cat Tien, Dong Nai Province, South Vietnam, and A. phongdienensis sp. nov. from Phong Dien, Thua Thuen-Hue Province, Central Vietnam. Two species, A. hapaliae (Rao, 1953) and A. taishunensis Liu, He & Chen, 2010 are recorded from Vietnam for the first time.

Two new planthopper species of the tropiduchid genus Connelicita Wang & Bourgoin, 2015, C. bachmaensis Constant & Pham, sp. nov., and C. phongdienensis Constant & Pham, sp. nov. are described from Bach Ma National Park and from the Centre for Conservation of Vietnam Natural Resources and Rescue of Animals and plants, Phong Dien District in Thua Thien-Hue Province, respectively. These new records greatly extend the distribution of the genus, which was known from southern China (Guangxi) and North Vietnam, to the south, reaching the mid area of Central Vietnam. New records are provided for C. haiphongensis Wang & Zhang, 2015, extending the distribution of the species from Cat Ba Island to a large zone in North Vietnam. Illustrations of habitus, details, and male genitalia are given as well as a distribution map and photographs of the habitat. An identification key to the species of Vietnam is provided. The genus Connelicita now comprises five species.

Carcinomas de glândula acrircrina são neoplasias malignas raras que ocorrem em gatos. O tratamento disponível é cirúrgico, e geralmente recorrente [1,2] e, neste caso, levaria à ablação total do meatus acústico externo. Em dezembro de 2020, foi relatada uma consulta homeopática do felino, masculino, persa, 13 anos, histórico da doença, iniciada em 2015, somando seis recidivas dos processos tumorais nas pálpebras e formação recente no canal auditivo esquerdo. Análise histopatológica do adenocarcinoma acritorino. Intervenções cirúrgicas e aplicação de ácido tricloroacético para prevenir recidivas. No entanto, foram observadas formações remanescentes nas pálpebras e no canal auditivo. Tem uma forma arredondada enevada na pálpebra superior direita medindo 0,4 cm e a inferior de 0,2 cm, redonda. No canal auditivo esquerdo, cerca de 1,6 cm, além de 4 pontos espalhados nas dobras auditivas. O tratamento homeopático foi iniciado por dois meses com o álbum Arsênico 30 cH, duas vezes ao dia; Carcinosinum 200 cH, uma vez por dia, e complexo contendo Avena sativa 4 cH, Echinacea angustifolia 4 cH, Conium maculatum 6 cH, Thuja officinalis 6 cH e Silicea terra 6 cH, quatro vezes ao dia. A cada dois meses, o quadro era reavaliado, poderes e frequências reajustados. Em poucos meses, houve remissão completa do tumor, recuperação do bem-estar e melhora no humor e apetite. O termo de consentimento livre e informado foi assinado. Não houve recidiva de tumores e cistite até março de 2022. Este estudo mostrou-se eficaz, documentado com fotos e exames. Abordar um caso raro pode fornecer uma nova possibilidade terapêutica. A credibilidade dos relatos de casos homeopáticos de qualidade vem aumentando devido às exigências metodológicas utilizando ferramentas desenvolvidas em estudos recentes. Tais critérios acabam extinguindo relatórios por não atingirem alta qualidade devido a variáveis não controláveis pelo pesquisador.

Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of severe childhood diarrhea worldwide. Since 2006, the WHO has approved the use of two vaccines against Rotavirus (RotaTeq and Rotarix), which has contributed to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality from this disease in children under 5 years of age. Beside of that, the presence of vaccines could also cause selective pressure among circulating RV strains. Diarrhea samples were a part of the study of the project “Evaluation of rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in Vietnam” and some diarrhea samples were randomly selected from 2010 - 2015 and were stored in our laboratory. Rotavirus antigen in diarrhea samples was detected using the Premier Rotaclone kit. G and P genotypes were determined by RT-PCR using type specific primers. The nucleotide sequencewas determined by next generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed by the neighbor-joining method. 375/1715 (21.9%) samples detected G3 strain include equine-like G3 (eG3) and human G3 (hG3). The prevalence of G3 strains decreased from 2016 to 2021. All eleven gene segments were typed among 34 samples and substantial diversity among the circulating strains was observed. The circulating G3 strains were also phylogenetically diverse and related to strains from several different countries, different origins such as human (20 samples), pig (1 sample), cat (3 samples) and equine (10 samples). Comparing with the vaccine strains, the antigenic epitopes present on VP7 ofG3 in Vietnam differed considerably, especially the K238N. With the genetic characteristics of the G3 strain, it could contribute to the vaccine effectiveness in Vietnam.

Cephalotaxus mannii Hook.f. is one of 15 species of conifer in the Central Highlands. Cephalotaxus mannii is a scarce medicinal conifer endemic to the south central region of China and Vietnam. In Vietnam, although widely distributed species (Lao Cai, Ha Giang, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Thua Thien Hue, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Lam Dong...) but is considered rare and vulnerable by the indiscriminately exploitation of people. In this study, 18 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 34 individuals C. mannii collected in Ta Nung and Hiep An of Lam Dong province. The results showed 12/18 polymorphic markers. Among 36 DNA amplified fragments, 24 were polymorphic (66.66%). Genetic diversity in Hiep An population (h = 0.269; I = 0.449 and PPB = 72.22%) was higher than that of Ta Nung (h = 0.433; I = 0.264 and PPB = 66.67%). The total level of molecular variance (AMOVA) among populations was 27.74% and among individuals within the populations was 72.26%. The average of gene flow value (Nm) of the species C. mannii populations was 3,310. Both Ta Nung and Hiep An populations had Wright’s inbreeding coefficient Fis <0 (- 0.244, - 0.052, respectively) and the private allele (Ap) (0.222, 0.333, respectively). A dendrogram constructed based on similarity matrix of 34 C. mannii samples divided into two main groups with their genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 65% (Cpm31 and Cpm32) to 100% (Cpm16 and Cpm17, Cpm21 and Cpm22). Molecular analysis results showed that C. mannii species should be protected at the population level.

Abstract Introduction: The use of iron-chelators is an important clinical treatment for iron overload diseases such as β-Thalassemia (Thal) and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Iron overload can impair immune cell, cardiac and neurological function. Iron chelation can alleviate some of this morbidity, but at increasing doses certain chelating agents can have serious side effects. Plant-based treatments may offer an alternative. In plants, Fe is required for photosynthesis and enzyme production but is often limited for uptake from the soil. When Fe is limited, plant roots may produce a range of compounds, including chelators, to assist in solubilizing Fe precipitates. Plant-produced phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid (Cou), caffeic acid (Caf), or chlorogenic acid (CGA) have shown an affinity for Fe and may play a role in plant iron uptake. Plants adapted to environments where Fe is more difficult to access, such as alkaline soils, could show a higher prevalence of these compounds, along with plants generally abundant in phenolics. In this project, the alkaline tolerant plants Thuja plicata (cedar) and Lavandula x intermedia (lavender), along with the phenolic rich Populus trichocarpa x deltoides(Poplar), were investigated for their potential to produce Fe-chelators in response to low Fe. Methods: Cedar, lavender, and poplar cuttings were clonally propagated and cultivated aeroponically to improve efficiency of root collection. Extracts or exudates from roots grown with or without Fe were isolated for characterization as Fe-chelators. Phenolics from root washings were captured with chromatography and separated by collection into fractions in different solvents. These were evaluated for total phenolic concentration against gallic acid as a standard. An in vitro competition assay was used to characterize Fe-binding ability of root isolates. Isolates were compared to standard chelators DFO and EDTA, and model compounds Cou, Caf, and CGA to determine inhibition of the competition reaction. A bioassay quantified intracellular Fe in monocytic THP-1 cells (to model RE system) grown for 8 weeks with chronic relevant non-transferrin bound iron levels (4-20 μM Fe-citrate, CrFe) and without (Con). Cultures were also investigated for other effects of acute Fe treatment and potential chelators over time. Results: Aeroponic plant cultivation improved root health and growth compared to previous hydroponic methods. Fe-deficient plants produced isolates that were different from Fe-normal plants following an analysis of phenolic fractions. Isolates in isopropanol were found to be 104% more plentiful in Fe-deficient poplars, which may indicate Fe-chelating potential. Between species, lavender had the highest phenolic concentration in root isolates, followed by cedar and poplar. Cedar roots showed an increased composition of phenolics compared to Fe-deficient poplar, supporting the potential for species-specific Fe responses. Analysis of Fe responses between species is ongoing. Competition assays showed that lavender root isolates exhibited 36% greater inhibition than 80 μM EDTA and 46% greater than 100 μM DFO. In direct comparison to DFO at 50 μM, Caf was equivalent, CGA had 30% greater inhibition, and inhibition by Cou was 41% lower. CrFe cells had 104% greater intracellular Fe compared to Con cells. Addition of acute Fe over 24 h significantly increased Fe content of cells grown in both CrFe and Con conditions and altered cell viability. A dose-dependent reduction in Fe levels was seen with increasing CGA in both CrFe and Con cells. Overall, Fe in samples treated with CGA were comparable to those with DFO. The effect of plant root isolates on intracellular Fe and cell viability is ongoing. Conclusion: Plant species from different soil types have altered responses to Fe-deficiency. Lavender and cedar, more tolerant of unfavorable soils, may produce more Fe-chelating phenolics as part of their response to low Fe. This was observed in vitro, as lavender isolates contain chelators that stimulate inhibition of the competition reaction similarly to DFO and EDTA at moderate concentrations. As a model, Caf, CGA and Cou also prove to have Fe-chelating activity comparable to DFO at lower concentrations. After using these plant compounds in bioassays, their successful reduction of intracellular Fe in CrFe THP-1 cells show the promise of plant root isolates to be clinically useful Fe-chelators. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The biodiversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), which are biting insects of medical and veterinary importance, is strikingly high in Southeast Asian countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand. In 2013, we began to explore the fauna of black flies in Vietnam, which has so far been poorly studied. In this monograph, the wealth of the biodiversity of black flies in Vietnam is also confirmed on the basis of the results of our recent investigations, though limited to five provinces in the country. Morphotaxonomic studies of black flies obtained from Sapa, Lao Cai Province, northern Vietnam, in 2014 and Nghe An Province, northern Vietnam, in 2015, and reexaminations of black flies collected from Tam Dao, Vinh Phuc Province, northern Vietnam, in 2013, Thua Thien Hue Province, central Vietnam, in 2014, and Lam Dong Province, southern Vietnam, in 2014, were conducted. A total of 22 species are described as new, including one in the newly recorded subgenus Montisimulium Rubtsov, and three species are recognized as new records from Vietnam. This investigation brings the number of species of black flies known in Vietnam to 70, all of which are assigned to the genus Simulium Latreille, and are placed in four subgenera (25 in Gomphostilbia Enderlein, one in Montisimulium, seven in Nevermannia Enderlein, and 37 in Simulium Latreille s. str.). The numbers of species-groups recognized include seven in Gomphostilbia, three in Nevermannia and nine in Simulium, indicating a high diversity of putative phylogenetic lineages. New species include S. (G.) sanchayense sp. nov. (= the species formerly regarded as S. (G.) brinchangense Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim), S. (S.) lowi sp. nov. (= the species formerly regarded as S. (S.) brevipar Takaoka & Davies), S. (S.) fuscicoxae sp. nov. [= the species formerly regarded as S. (S.) rufibasis Brunetti (in part)], S. (S.) suoivangense sp. nov. [= morphoform ‘b’ of the S. (S.) tani Takaoka & Davies (complex)]. Newly recorded species are S. (G.) parahiyangum Takaoka & Sigit, S. (N.) maeaiense Takaoka & Srisuka, and S. (S.) doipuiense Takaoka & Choochote (complex) [= the species formerly regarded as S. (S.) rufibasis Brunetti (in part)]. The substitute name, S. (S.) huense, is given for the species that was described under the name of S. (S.) cavum from southern Vietnam. A redescription of the female, male, pupa and larva of S. (G.) asakoae Takaoka & Davies is presented, and the female and larva of S. (G.) hongthaii Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Ya’cob are described for the first time. Keys to 10 subgenera in the Oriental Region and all 70 species recorded from Vietnam are provided for females, males, pupae and mature larvae. As investigations extend nationwide in all the provinces in Vietnam, more new species and records are expected to be discovered. It is hoped that this monograph will be useful as a baseline taxonomic reference for future studies of black flies in Vietnam and neighbouring countries.

TÓM TẮT Mục tiêu: Khảo sát mức độ tắc nghẽn đường thở và phân tầng nguy cơ bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mạn tính ở người ≥ 40 tuổi tại tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 1600 người dân từ 40 tuổi trở lên, chọn ngẫu nhiên trong quần thể đưa vào nghiên cứu khi người dân đồng ý tham gia. Chọn mẫu phân tầng không theo tỷ lệ, đại diện theo các vùng của tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Các đối tượng tham gia nghiên cứu được phỏng vấn theo bộ câu hỏi, khám lâm sàng và đo chức năng thông khí để phát hiện các đối tượng mắc BPTNMT và tìm hiểu các thông tin cá nhân liên quan đến bệnh. Xử lý số liệu bằng phần mềm SPSS 20.0. Kết quả: Mức độ tắc nghẽn ở giai đoạn 2 (50% ≤ FEV1 < 80%) chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 45,5%. Thấp nhất là giai đoạn 4 (FEV1 < 30%) với tỷ lệ là 4,0%. Đa số người bệnh được phát hiện ở mức độ tắc nghẽn trung bình GOLD 2 chiếm 36,6%; tỷ lệ được phát hiện BPTNMT ở giai đoạn tắc nghẽn nhẹ GOLD 1 chiếm 21,8%. Tỷ lệ thang điểm CAT ≥ 10 điểm chiếm 68,3%, mMRC ≥ 2 điểm là 74,3%. Phân tầng nguy cơ đợt cấp BPTNMT theo nhóm A là 33,7%, nhóm B là 2,0%, nhóm C là 55,4%, nhóm D là 8,9%. Kết luận: Trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, phần nhiều BN BPTNMT có mức độ tắc nghẽn đường thở ở mức độ trung bình. Tình trạng sức khỏe có thể là dấu hiệu báo trước của đợt cấp và thang điểm CAT có thể là công cụ hữu ích để dự đoán đợt cấp của BPTNMT. ABSTRACT SURVEY ON THE DEGREE OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AND RISK STRATIFICATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN PEOPLE ≥ 40 YEARS OLD IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE Objectives: To survey on the degree of airway obstruction and risk stratification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in people ≥ 40 years old in Thua Thien Hue province. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study on 1600 people aged 40 years and over, randomly selected from the population to be included in the study when people agreed to participate. Non - proportional stratified sampling,representative of the regions of Thua Thien Hue province. The study participants were interviewed according to a set of questionnaires, clinical examination and measurement of ventilation function to detect subjects patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obtain personal information related to the disease. Data processing using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The degree of obstruction in stage 2 (50% ≤ FEV1 < 80%) accounted for the highest rate of 45,5%. The lowest was stage 4 (FEV1 < 30%) with a rate of 4,0%. The majority of patients were found to have moderate obstruction GOLD 2, accounting for 36,6%; the rate of detected COPD in the stage of mild obstruction GOLD 1 accounted for 21,8%. The rate of CAT scale ≥ 10 points accounted for 68,3%, mMRC ≥ 2 points was 74,3%. The risk stratification of COPD exacerbations according to group A was 33,7%, group B was 2,0%, group C was 55,4%, group D was 8,9%. Conclusion: In our study, the majority of COPD patients had moderate airway obstruction. Health status can be a precursor to exacerbations, and CAT scores can be useful tools for predicting COPD exacerbations.

Landslides lead to widespread devastation and significant loss of life in mountainous regions around the world. Susceptibility assessments can provide critical data to help decision‐makers, for example, local authorities and other organizations, mitigating the landslide risk, although the accuracy of existing studies needs to be improved. This study aims to assess landslide susceptibility in the Thua Thien Hue province of Vietnam using deep neural networks (DNNs) and swarm‐based optimization algorithms, namely Adam, stochastic gradient descent (SGD), Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO), Tuna Swarm Optimization (TSO), Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO), Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA), Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The locations of 945 landslides occurring between 2012 and 2022, along with 14 conditioning factors, were used as input data to build the DNN and DNN‐hybrid models. The performance of the proposed models was evaluated using the statistical indices receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC), root mean square error, mean absolute error (MAE), R2 and accuracy. All proposed models had a high accuracy of prediction. The DNN‐MPA model had the highest AUC value (0.95), followed by DNN‐HBA (0.95), DNN‐ARO (0.95), DNN‐Adam (0.95), DNN‐SGD (0.95), DNN‐TSO (0.93), DNN‐PSO (0.9) and finally DNN‐SCSO (0.83). High‐precision models have identified that the majority of the western region of Thua Thien Hue province is very highly susceptible to landslides. Models like the aforementioned ones can support decision‐makers in updating large‐scale sustainable land‐use strategies.

The paper presented the current situation of the level of elementary school teachers’ assessment on the implementation of the regulation of assessing primary school students according to Circular 22. The sample of the survey consisted of 813 teachers of some elementary schools in 6 provinces such as Lao Cai, Hanoi, Thua Thien Hue, Dak Lak, Tra Vinh and Ho Chi Minh City. The survey results showed that the majority of teachers have had a proper awareness of the purpose, principles, scientific bases and how to evaluate elementary school students according to the competency approach. At the same time, they also had very positive comments about the changes in behavior, their own perceptions and the implementation of orientation activities for students in the classroom towards developing capacity. However, a significant proportion of the surveyed teachers still had incorrect perceptions and beliefs and so far, they faced a number of difficulties. The results obtained from the survey are considered as a very useful document for management as well as educators to review the strengths and limitations in the process of implementation to devise strategies and remedies in the near future.

Cinnamon is a medium-large tree of Lauraceae widely grown in Vietnam, especially in the provinces of Quang Nam, Thua Thien Hue, Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Lang Son, Lai Chau, Bac Kan, Tuyen Quang, and Ha Giang. The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method of analysis resulted in the identification of 18 chemical compounds for cinnamon bark essential oil. There are nine chemical components that are hydrocarbons, such as monoterpenes (37.53%) and sesquiterpenes (6.48%), and the rest are oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as aldehydes (42.26%) and alcohols (12.47%). Cinnamon bark essential oil has antibacterial properties on experimental microbial strains. Bacillus cereus was found to be the most sensitive, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial minimum inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon bark essential oils against most microorganisms were 5.05 ± 0.12 μL/mL, peaking at 7.25 ± 0.18 μL/mL. The strongest antibacterial ability is mold strain Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus niger, and the lowest is mold strain Penicillium. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon bark essential oils against most mold were 4.05 ± 0.15 μL/mL, peaking at 5.05 ± 0.15 μL/mL.

In this paper, DG19 Water Treatmnent Tablets were researched and developed by the Department of Biotechnology, Joint Vietnam-Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Centre to determine the processing threshold and effective assessment when treating water. The results showed that in the treated water sample, the initial microorganisms (E. coli < 107 CFU/mL, Total Coliform < 108 CFU/mL, Streptococci faecal < 108 CFU/mL, Pseudomonas aeruginosa < 108 CFU/mL, Spores of sulfite-reducing anaerobic bacteria < 106 CFU/mL) were not detected; heavy metals with initial concentration (Zn2+ ≤ 8 mg/L) after treatment, the obtained value less than 2 times or not detected; Permethrin insecticide from an initial concentration of ≤ 80 µg/L, after treatment with a concentration of < 15,6 µg/L or undetectable, meets the standards of QCVN 01-1:2018/BYT. These natural water sources (rivers, streams, lakes, fields) in two localities Bao Thang, Lao Cai province, and in Quang Dien district, Thua Thien Hue province, when using DG19 tablets in water treatment, the indicators as (microorganisms, turbidity, color, odor, arsenic) were lower when compared with QCVN 6-1:2010/BYT and QCVN 01-1:2018/BYT, the water after treatment was standards for use as drinking water.

Đặt vấn đề: Hội chứng động mạch vành mạn có tỷ lệ tử vong và các biến cố tim mạch cao, phương pháp can thiệp động mạch vành sử dụng đường vào đoạn xa đoạn mạch quay cho kết quả không thua kém so với đường động mạch quay truyền thống, trong khi biến chứng toàn thân và tại chỗ thấp. Tuy nhiên, tại Việt Nam chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu đánh giá kết quả điều trị bằng phương pháp này trên nhóm bệnh nhân hội chứng động mạch vành mạn. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá đặc điểm kỹ thuật và kết quả điều trị hội chứng động mạch vành mạn sử dụng phương pháp can thiệp động mạch vành qua da bằng đường vào đoạn xa động mạch quay. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp, chọn mẫu thuận tiện trên bệnh nhân nội trú được chẩn đoán hội chứng động mạch vành mạn có chỉ định chụp và can thiệp động mạch vành qua da tại Khoa Tim mạch can thiệp - Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ từ tháng 3 năm 2023 đến tháng 3 năm 2024. Kết quả: Kết thúc theo dõi ghi nhận độ tuổi trung bình giữa hai nhóm lần lượt là 65,8 ± 10,2 tuổi (ĐXĐMQ, n=30) và 65,3 ± 9,0 tuổi (ĐMQ, n=30), nam giới chiếm đa số với tỷ lệ lần lượt là 53,3% và 63,3%. Vị trí tổn thương thường gặp nhất ở cả hai nhóm là LAD, đa phần là tổn thương 1 nhánh động mạch vành. Tổng chiều dài stent ở nhóm ĐXĐMQ thấp hơn so với nhóm ĐMQ với 9,3 ± 3,9mm so với 11,5 ± 1,9mm (p<0,05). Thời gian đau sau can thiệp và thời gian băng ép ở nhóm can thiệp qua ĐMQ cao hơn so với nhóm ĐXĐMQ (p<0,01). 100% bệnh nhân ở cả hai nhóm được can thiệp thành công với dòng chảy TIMI III đạt được ở toàn bộ bệnh nhân sau can thiệp. nhóm can thiệp ĐMQ có 2 bệnh nhân suy thận cấp do thuốc cản quang. Tắc động mạch quay, tụ máu tại vị trí đâm kim và tê bì bàn tay sau can thiệp ở nhóm ĐXĐMQ lần lượt là 3,3%; 3,3% và 6,7% so với 3,3%; 6,6% và 23,3% ở nhóm ĐMQ. Kết luận: Phương pháp can thiệp động mạch vành qua da bằng đường vào đoạn xa động mạch quay ở bệnh nhân hội chứng động mạch vành mạn cho kết quả thành cao công với tỷ lệ các biến chứng toàn thân và biến chứng tại chỗ thấp hơn so với can thiệp qua động mạch quay truyền thống.