Academic literature on the topic 'Thrush (Mouth disease)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
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Aisya Rezki Noeriman, Syarifah Aulia Tika, Sri Rezki, and Erma Mahmiyah. "Use of Green Tea as Stomatitis therapy." Jurnal teknologi Kesehatan Borneo 1, no. 1 (July 5, 2020): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jtkb.v1i1.17.
Abstract:
Stomatitis is an oral disease that often occurs in Indonesian residents. Green tea has long been known as an antimicrobial, green tea can inhibit the growth of various bacteria. The purpose of this study is the effect of green tea in curing thrush (stomatitis). This study uses a quasi-experimental method, sample selection using purposive sampling and data analysis is a descriptive analysis. Green tea is brewed with 50 ml of warm water for 2 minutes and then used to rinse his mouth. This research was conducted for 5 days 3 times a day, respondents are 30 people with purposive sampling technique. Respondents used to rinse his mouth with green tea was recovered by 86.6% and did not recover 13.3%. Controls without gargling were 40% and did not recover 60%. for 5 days. Gargling using green tea solution can accelerate thrush healing. thrush healing.
2
Al-Garawi, Noor Alhouda D., Ammar A. Suhail, and Marwa Ahmed Meri. "Overview to Candidiasis." Medical Science Journal for Advance Research 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46966/msjar.v3i1.34.
Abstract:
Candida is a kind of yeast, is a fungus that infects the body.Candidiasis is known as yeast contagion because the infecting agent is a yeast, Candida albicans. Candida albicans are the pathogens that are of much significance which are present everywhere and mostly reside along side plentiful bacteria near mouth, gastrointestinal tract and vagina. Hippocrates was the first person to describe candidiasis in 1849. Candidiasis of the mouth is termed as Thrush. Cutaneous candidiasis is a skin infection that occurs in parts of the skin that have very little ventilation and are rarely moist. Deep Candidiasis occurs when fungi infiltrate the body, enter the bloodstream, and spread throughout the body.Treatment methodology are different for each case. Natural prevention is mandatory to safe yourself from being a victim to disease
3
Thamarai Selvi V T, Ezhilarasan D, and Brundha M P. "Impact of Liver Disease On Oral Health." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (November 24, 2020): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3886.
Abstract:
The liver is the second-largest organ in the human body, which has the ability to regenerate after an injury or any inflammation. The liver diseases can be classified as an acute or chronic and infectious or non-infectious origin. Almost all the liver diseases produce oral manifestations like petechiae, Excessive bleeding in the cause of any minor trauma, inflammation. Oral Manifestation like gingival bleeding, glossitis, sialadenitis, hyposalivation are most commonly associated and perioral rashes, more prone to dental caries, Candidiasis are associated rarely with liver cirrhosis. Dry mouth, Sjogren syndrome both are commonly associated with all liver disease, hyposalivation leads to changes in the oral mucosa like alteration in taste, burning sensation in the tongue, bad breath etc., There are changes seen in oral mucosa, Candidiasis, fissured tongue, aphthous ulcers, bald tongue and halitosis due to compounds like Aliphatic acid, hydrogen sulfide, produced as a result of liver damage and they have a characteristic mousy odour. The common oral manifestations that are associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma include increased incidence of dental caries, loss of the tooth, Gingival bleeding, increased bone loss, chronic periodontitis, oral thrush, Candidiasis and oral lichen planus. Liver diseases have many implications in a dental setting and should carefully take a brief medical history. This study will provide better knowledge in understanding the association between liver disease and oral hygiene, Effective treatment planning in a dental setting also for liver diseased patients. Dental practitioners should know the oral manifestations commonly associated with liver diseases so that treatment can be accordingly made. With this background, the present study aims to review the impact of liver disease on oral health and its management in a dental setting.
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Abrar, Ali, Kamrun Nahar Chowdhury, Md Mahafuzur Rahman, Bushra Marzan Rauf, Abul Kalam Mohammad Asad, Mst Kaniz Fatema Tuz Zahura, and Md Shirajul Islam. "Management of Dental Health Problem of Diabetic Patients Attending in Selected Private Dental Clinic in Dhaka City." Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education 5, no. 2 (August 27, 2015): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v5i2.24717.
Abstract:
Aim: The rising cases of dental problems among diabetic patients have raised health concerns among dentists worldwide. The oral complications of prime concern are gum disease, dental caries, dry mouth, oral soft tissue damage, and pain in the face and mouth. This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted among the diabetic patients for their management of dental problems attending in selected dental clinic in Dhaka city from January to June 2012. 44% of the patients were in between 41to 50 years age group.Methods: Data were collected with a pretested semi structured questionnaire and check list was filled in after oral examination.Results: Among the patients 84% were Muslims and 16%. were Hindu. All the patients were married. 58% of the patients had monthly income TK. 25000-40000. Among the patients, 48% had (4-5) family members. Type of family was single for 82% of the patients. Main food was rice for 78% of the patients. 50% of the patients had habit of tobacco use. Tobacco smokers were 88%. Among the patients, calculus and gingivitis was in grade I for 54% and the condition of periodontitis was in grade I for 46%. The condition of oral thrush was in 0 grade for 66% of the patients. Most of the patients 1 tooth was affected by dental caries. There was no dry mouth in 80% of the patients, whereas no burning mouth syndrome was in 82% of the patients; 64% of the respondents visited dentists. The reason for visiting dentists, most of them visited for sensitivity. All the patients brushed teeth everyday. 66% of the patients brushed teeth once a day. Among the patients 66% cleaned teeth before breakfast and 52% took 3-4 minutes. Among the patients, 90% used tooth brush and 88% used tooth paste for cleaning the teeth. 84% of them did not floss and the rest 62.5% flossed teeth once a day, 62% got information about type of diabetes, among them 62.5% informed about non insulin dependent type of diabetes. Among the patients, 60% got information about usual oral hygiene, 75.9% got information about usual oral hygiene from doctors.Conclusion: Proper patient management requires close interaction between the dentist and the physician. Working with diabetic patients can be challenging and rewarding when open communications are established and thorough patient education is attained.Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research and Education Vol.5(2) 2015: 55-58
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Panjaitan, Zaimah, Hafizah Hafizah, Rico Imanta Ginting, and Amrullah Amrullah. "Perbandingan Metode Certainty Factor dan Theorema Bayes dalam Mendiagnosa Penyakit Kandidiasis pada Manusia Menggunakan Metode Perbandingan Eksponensial." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 5, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v5i3.3078.
Abstract:
Candidiasis is an infectious disease caused by the fungus candida. Research on this fungus has been widely carried out until several types of candida fungi are found that can attack and cause infections in humans. Types of candidiasis also vary, but can be classified in general into three types, namely attacking the mouth (Candidiasis Thrush), vagina (Vulvoginal Candidiasis), and skin (Cutaneous Candidiasis). Candidiasis is very susceptible to infection and infection, therefore a study is needed to diagnose candidiasis. Today, expert systems are often used to diagnose diseases. There are several methods commonly used in expertise, including the Certainty Factor method and the Bayes Theorem. However, the problem faced in implementing an expert system in any field is uncertainty. This is caused by the user's hesitation in answering questions during the consultation session or even the inaccuracy of the methods used in building the system. Therefore, it is necessary to study and compare the methods that can be used to build the system. Exponential is a simple comparison that can reduce bias in the analysis process. This study aims to apply and analyze both methods and the results compare with an exponential comparison in detecting candidiasis in humans. The results of this study showed that both methods achieved the same results, namely the lowest percentage level was Candidiasis Truth, then Vuvoginal Candidiasis, and the highest was Candidiasis Cutaneous. Of these two methods, Certanty Factor is more accurate in diagnosing candidiasis.
6
Lu, Zhimin, Shu Yu, Weijun Wang, Wenxian Chen, Xinyan Wang, Keke Wu, Xiaowen Li, et al. "Development of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccines in Recent Years." Vaccines 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111817.
Abstract:
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a serious disease affecting the global graziery industry. Once an epidemic occurs, it can lead to economic and trade stagnation. In recent decades, FMD has been effectively controlled and even successfully eradicated in some countries or regions through mandatory vaccination with inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Nevertheless, FMD still occurs in some parts of Africa and Asia. The transmission efficiency of foot-and-mouth disease is high. Both disease countries and disease-free countries should always be prepared to deal with outbreaks of FMD. The development of vaccines has played a key role in this regard. This paper summarizes the development of several promising vaccines including progress and design ideas. It also provides ways to develop a new generation of vaccines for FMDV and other major diseases.
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Lambkin, Keith, James Hamilton, Guy McGrath, Paul Dando, and Roland Draxler. "Foot and Mouth Disease atmospheric dispersion system." Advances in Science and Research 16 (June 27, 2019): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-113-2019.
Abstract:
Abstract. A decision support system to aid in the risk evaluation of airborne animal diseases was developed for Ireland. The system's primary objective is to assist in risk evaluation of the airborne spread of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD). The operational system was developed by Met Éireann – the Irish Meteorological Service and CVERA (Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis), in co-operation with NOAA-ARL (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – Air Resources Laboratory) and ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). The infrastructure largely relies on the HYSPLIT dispersion model driven by both ECMWF meteorological forecasts for longer range simulations, and HARMONIE-AROME meteorological forecasts, a high resolution local area meteorological model, ideal for shorter range national emissions. Following on from previous work by the Bureau of Meteorology, Australia as well as the Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, further modifications were made to the HYSPLIT source code to improve the model's characterisation of the Foot and Mouth Disease virus. FMD is a highly infectious disease among cloven hoofed animals that can transmit via airborne means. Biological characteristics related to temperature, humidity, lifespan as well as atmospheric washout were all incorporated either through new or existing functionality of the dispersion model. Combining the model dispersion capabilities of HYSPLIT with a virus emission model and GIS mapping software with farmland zoning, the disease dispersion system becomes a powerful analysis and decision support tool. This airborne animal disease atmospheric dispersion system helps improve emergency preparedness, as well as aid confinement and eradication strategies for relevant Irish authorities, during a disease outbreak.
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Sudarsono, Rahendra Prasetya Eko. "Epidemiological Study of Suspected Occurrence of Foot and Mouth Disease in Lamongan Regency." Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary 11, no. 1 (July 2, 2022): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbmv.v11i1.37197.
Abstract:
Lamongan is the epicenter of aphtae epizootica disease. Symptoms of the disease appeared from the newly purchased cattle in Balungpanggang District, Gresik Regency. Symptoms that appear hypersalivation, decreased appetite, panting, slightly feverish body temperature. This review was conducted by collecting primary data through field observations and supported by references from the Google Scholar database with the keywords foot and mouth diseases, aphtae epizootica and infectious diseases. The pattern of distribution is mainly cattle traffic, weak biosecurity in cattle pens and livestock transportation means for sending cattle from or to the animal market. Based on a descriptive analysis of the results of surveillance, investigation and sample testing indicating an outbreak of an infectious disease suspected to be FMD in Lamongan Regency according to the definition of an outbreak according to Law No. 18 of 2009 concerning Livestock and Animal Health and Government Regulation No. 47 of 2014 concerning Disease Control and Prevention. Animal. The direct impact in the form of economic losses due to illness and death if the outbreak is not controlled is estimated to be quite significant.
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Rose Rani, P, Beulah, and Sheeba Rajakumari. "Survey on prevalence of common diseases in pigeon (Columba livia domestica) in Tuticorin district, Tamil Nadu, India." International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 6, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2021.v06.i04.018.
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of diseases in Tuticorin district and to get an insight in pigeon production, disease management and vaccination status. A sample of 50 pigeon fanciers was randomly selected from different taluks in Tuticorin district and face to face interviews were conducted among them using a standard questionnaire. Among these a total of 202 diseased pigeons was examined. According to age, they were classified into three categories squab (1-2 weeks), young (30-90 days) and adult (>90 days). Those diseases were identified by conducting the survey with a standard questionnaire among the pigeon fanciers and the study duration was from July 2016 to December 2016 and September 2t017 to November 2017. Out of 202 diseased pigeons 35.64% were raniket disease or Newcastle disease (paramyxovirus), 18.11%were canker disease, and 11.38% were one eye cold disease. In most of the lofts, the owners didn’t vaccinate their pigeons against the common diseases, even though many of them were aware of the diseases. Pigeon fancier’s education and awareness of pigeon diseases needs to be improved through veterinary public health and health promotion approach. Non pharmaceutical preventive measures such as hand washing and avoidance of eye, nose and mouth touching after handling of diseased pigeons must be improved. The present study has demonstrated that a study solely based on the questionnaire is not adequate in determining the prevalence of diseases in pigeon and also the results concluded that pigeon fanciers of Tuticorin district do not maintain the regular preventive measures or vaccination against the common diseases and to control the diseases.
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Lin, Xiao-Wei, Chin-Tsang Chiang, Tai-Hwa Shih, Yan-Nian Jiang, and Chin-Cheng Chou. "Foot-and-Mouth Disease Entrance Assessment Model Through Air Passenger Violations." Risk Analysis 29, no. 4 (April 2009): 601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01183.x.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
1
Jin, Ye. "Characterization of Candida albicans biofilms their formation, anti-fungal resistance, and differentiation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31045996.
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Jin, Ye. "Characterization of Candida albicans biofilms: their formation, anti-fungal resistance, anddifferentiation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31045996.
3
Fraser, Michelle. "Systematics of the genus Candida; implications for understanding clinical presentation, mixed infection and antifungal treatment and the influence on strain maintenance and replacement during oral candidiasis in HIV-infected individuals /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf8421.pdf.
4
Fisher, Julian Marcus. "A study at the Brooklyn Chest Hospital to assess the change in the oral carriage of Candida species in patients co-infected with HIV and TB, before and after antifungal therapy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52706.
Abstract:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study at the Brooklyn Chest Hospital (BCH) was to assess the change in the oral carriage of Candida species in twenty-nine patients co-infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis (TB), before and after anti-fungal treatment. Each patient accepted onto the study underwent a comprehensive oral and peri-oral examination where the presence, site and clinical features of all oral and peri-oral lesions were recorded. The purpose of the examination was to provide a clinical diagnosis of oral candidasis. Each patient was also asked to provide a sample of oral fluid for laboratory analysis. This was collected using an oral rinse. The results of a variety of laboratory investigations were used to identify the species of Candida obtained from the oral rinse. Both the oral and peri-oral examination and the oral rinse procedure were repeated after one month and at three months. A sample from each oral rinse was inoculated on CHROMagar Candida chromogenic medium (CHROMagar Candida, France, Paris). CHROMagar is used for the isolation and presumptive identification of Candida sp. from other yeasts on the basis of strongly contrasted colony colours, which are produced by the reactions of species-specific enzymes with a proprietary chromogenic substrate. After forty-eight hours the CHROMagar plate was examined for growth, when a record of colony morphology and colour was made. A single sample from each different colour-coded colony was taken and streaked onto a Sabouraud plate (Oxoid, Basingstake, England) and then incubated for forty eight hours at thirty-seven degrees centigrade. A variety of laboratory investigations were subsequently carried out on a single colony taken from the Sabouraud agar plate (Oxoid). The results of these tests were used to identify the individual species of Candida isolated from each oral rinse. Oral candidasis was the most prevalent oral lesion observed on admission and at three months. Six different species of Candida were identified during this study, namely Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis. C.albicans was the most commonly identified species in study population. Candida dubliniensis was isolated and identified for the first time in a South African HIV population. Each specimen of Candida sp. identified by laboratory analysis was tested for sensitivity to Nystatin, Amphotericin B and Fluconazole anti-fungal agents. An additional sensitivity test was performed using Ajoene and Allicin (extracts of garlic) to assess the comparative antifungal properties of these compounds.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van hierdie studie by die Brooklyn Borshospitaal (BCH) was om die verandering in orale draerstatus van die Kandida spesies in nege-en-twintig HIVfTB koïnfekteerde pasiënte vas te stel, voor- en na antifungale behandeling. Elke pasiënt in die studie het 'n volledige intra- en ekstra-orale ondersoek ondergaan. Die teenwoordigheid, area en kliniese voorkoms van alle letsels is noteer. Die doel van die ondersoek was om 'n kliniese diagnose van orale kandidiase te verkry. 'n Monster orale vloeistof is geneem van elke pasiënt vir laboratorium analise. Die monster is in die vorm van 'n mondspoel geneem. Verskeie toetse is gedoen om die verskillende Kandida spesies in elke monster te identifiseer. Die orale- en ekstra-orale ondersoek sowel as die mondspoelmonster is na 1 en 3 maande herhaal. Elke mondspoelmonster is op CHROMagar Kandida chromogene medium (CHROMagar Candida, France) inokuleer. CHROMagar word gebruik vir die vermoedelike identifikasie en isolasie van Kandida spesies teenoor ander swamme. Dit word gedoen op die basis van kontrasterende koloniekleure, wat teweeggebring word deur spesie-spesifieke ensiemreaksies op 'n chromogene substraat. Die CHROMagar plate is na 48 uur ondersoek vir groei en die kolonie-morfologie en - kleur is noteer. 'n Enkel monster. is geneem van elke verskillende kolonie (geskei op kleur) en is uitgestreep op 'n Saboraud plaat (Oxoid, Basingstoke, England). Dit is dan vir 48 uur inkubeer teen 37°C. Verskeie laboratorium ondersoeke is daarna uitgevoer op 'n enkel kolonie geneem vanaf die Saboraud agar plaat (oxoid). Die resultate van die ondersoeke is gebruik om individuele spesies van Kandida te identifiseer. Orale Kandidiase was die mees algemene orale letsel geïdentifiseer by toelating en 3 maande ondersoeke. Ses verskillende spesies Kandida is identifiseer tydens die studie, naamlik: Kandida albicans, K.dubliniensis, K.Krusei, K.glabrata, K.parapsilosis en K.tropicalis. K.albicans was die mees algemeen identifiseerde spesie in die studiepopulasie. K.dubliniensis is vir die eerste keer in Suid-Afrika in 'n HIV<+lpopulasie isoleer en geïdentifiseer. Elke monster van identifiseerde Kandida spesies is getoets vir sensitiwiteit teenoor Nistatien, Amfotensien B en Flukonasool. Addisioneel is ook getoets vir sensitiwiteit teenoor Ajoene en Allicin (knoffelekstrakte).
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Albougy, Hany Ahed. "A systematic review of the management of oral candidiasis associated with HIV/AIDS." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52713.
Abstract:
On t.p.: Degree MSc Dental Science (Community Dentistry)Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this review was to investigate the management of oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients and to evaluate the different guidelines that are available for its management. To achieve this aim, three objectives were identified: (i) to identify and report on the different interventions used to manage oral candidiasis, in patients with HIV/AIDS, (ii) to determine the efficacy of these interventions, and (iii) to provide guidelines for management. A thorough systematic search of the literature was carried out and all relevant papers were graded into three levels of evidence (A, B, and C) and scored for quality according to set criteria. A number of topical and systemic antifungal medications are used to treat oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. These include the poleyne antibiotics, nystatin and amphotericin B. Milder episodes of oral candidiasis respond to topical therapy with nystatin, clotrimazole troches or oral ketoconazole. Fluconazole has been extensively evaluated as a treatment for candidiasis. With HIV-infection, a cure rate of 82% has been achieved with a daily oral dose of 50 mg. Fluconazole was found to be a better choice of treatment for relapsing oropharyngeal candidiasis, resulting in either better cure rates or better prevention of relapse. Intravenous amphotericin B has been found to be effective therapy in azole refractory candidiasis where it was shown to be safe and well tolerated. Topical therapies were found to be effective treatment for uncomplicated oropharyngeal candidiasis, however patients relapsed more quickly than those treated with oral systemic antifungal therapy. Overall, nystatin appears less effective than clotrimazole and the azoles in the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis. With regard to the resolution of clinical symptoms, clotrimazole was found to be just as effective as the azoles, except when patient compliance was poor. Fluconazole-treated patients were more likely to remain disease-free during the fluconazole follow-up period than with those treated with other interventions. Relatively few studies were qualified to address the provision of guidelines for the management of oral candidiasis in primary health care settings. Most of the studies found were of moderate and low quality level of evidence. These studies included the assessment of different guidelines for identification, treatment and dental needs. They stressed that patients with HN need dentists who will act as primary health care providers, together with other providers to ensure adequate overall care. Given the level of interest and importance of candidiasis associated with treatment of HN -positive patients, it is surprising to find that little high quality research has been undertaken. As such, it is hoped that this review would provide researchers, oral health care workers and other health care providers with an overview of the management of oral candidiasis associated with HN/AIDS.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelstelling van die oorsig was om ondersoek in te stel na die hantering van orale kandidiase in HIV/AIDS pasiënte asook om die verskillende beskikbare riglyne vir die behandeling daarvan te evalueer. Ter verwesenliking van hierdie doelstelling is drie doelwitte geïdentifiseer: (i) om die intervensies wat gebruik word in die hantering van orale kandidiase behandeling te identifiseer, (ii) om die effektiwiteit van hierdie intervensies te identifiseer en (iii) om op grond hiervan riglyne vir die hantering voor te stel. 'n Sistematiese literatuursoektog is uitgevoer en alle relevante artikels is in drie groepe geklassifiseer (A, B en C) op grond van die data kwaliteit. 'n Verskeidenheid topikale en sistemiese antifungale middels word gebruik om orale kandidiase in HIV-positiewe pasiënte te behandel. 'n Sukseskoers van 82% is met die gebruik van 'n daaglikse dosis van 50 mg medikament gerapporteer. Fluconazole was die beter keuse van middel vir die behandeling van terugkerende orofaringeale kandidiase. Topikale behandeling was effektief in die behandeling van ongekompliseerde orofaringeale kandidiase, hoewel die kans op terugkeer van die toestand groter was as met die sistemiese middels. Pasiënte wat met flukonasool behandel is, het 'n groter kans gehad om siektevry te bly vergeleke met pasiënte op die ander intervensies. Meeste van die studies was van middelmatige tot lae kwaliteit en gevolglik was dit moeilik om behandelingsriglyne te stel. Wat egter wel duidelik is, is dat HIV pasiënte primêre mondsorg benodig wat saam met ander versorging omvattende sorg sal verseker.
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Cai, Chang. "The risk of foot and mouth disease entering China through the movement of animals from Upper Mekong region countries." Thesis, Cai, Chang (2012) The risk of foot and mouth disease entering China through the movement of animals from Upper Mekong region countries. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/13598/.
Abstract:
In the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is the most important trans-boundary animal disease affecting the livelihood of livestock owners. To contribute to the long term goal to control FMD in south-eastern Asia, the South East Asia and China FMD Campaign (SEACFMD) has been implementing a progressive control approach based on sound epidemiological inputs and principles. A major risk to the regional program is the emergence of new strains of FMD including the Pan-Asia topotype serotype O,the serotype type A and the serotype Asia 1 that was confirmed in China at the beginning of 2009.
Due to the rapid development of China, the price of meat and its demand have grown quickly over the past ten years. This trend has resulted in an increase in the number of livestock moving from south-eastern Asian countries to China. Although Chinese law and the import-export policy prohibit these movements, these informal movements pose a high risk of introducing new serotypes to China and spreading the disease to FMD free areas in China.
Prior to the study reported here,there was little information written in English concerning the development of veterinary science in China and the history of FMD outbreaks in the country. This study collected and analysed existing historical records of FMD in China, and hypothesised on the potential source of the disease for China. Subsequently, the study collected and analysed existing data on FMD from countries in the Upper Mekong Region to understand the disease 19s epidemiological pattern. Epidemiological tools, such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS),risk assessment and epidemiological modelling, were used to study the epidemiology and the patterns of FMD spread into Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces in China.
This epidemiological study was the first study to evaluate the risk posed by informal animal movements between countries in the Upper Mekong Region and China. It was designed to provide the epidemiological basis for progressing zone status for FMD in the Upper Mekong Region with particular emphasis on the Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces. A systematic analysis was undertaken to evaluate the compulsory vaccination policy in China. The opinions of Chinese veterinary workers were also collected to identify the current problems with the control of FMD in China.
Foot and Mouth Disease was probably introduced into China from Europe in the 19th century. However the research reported in this thesis found that the current highest risk to China was through the movement of animals along the Mekong River, compared to movement along alternative land routes. The two mostimportant factors influencing this risk were: the prevalence of FMD in the exporting country; and the control strategy adopted in China. The current control of FMD in China is based on compulsory vaccination of livestock and the prohibition of livestock movements between south-eastern countries and China. Although the vaccination program has been very successful in China, with more than 70% of animals protected, this strategy requires significant amounts of government financial support and could be more effective if targeted to areas of highest risk.The results of this research indicate that it is not feasible or possible to prevent all livestock movements into China from neighbouring countries. It is recommended that an intensive FMD vaccination program is developed and implemented in the GMS to reduce the number of susceptible animals in the region. It is also recommended that the movement of livestock/animal products between the Upper Mekong Region countries and China be legalised through the development of formal and appropriate import regulations. Adopting these practices and developing an active surveillance system should help reduce the spread of FMD within the Greater Mekong Sub-region.
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Fraser, Michelle (Michelle Lousie). "Systematics of the genus Candida; implications for understanding clinical presentation, mixed infection and antifungal treatment and the influence on strain maintenance and replacement during oral candidiasis in HIV-infected individuals." 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf8421.pdf.
Abstract:
"8th July 2002." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 276-308) Examines the systematics (taxonomy, phylogeny, and epiemiology) of the genus Candida using a combination of traditional and contemporary methodologies. Assesses these methods to determine their diagnostic potential to unequivocally identify and characterise species and strains of this medically and dentally important yeast genus.
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Fraser, Michelle Louise. "Systematics of the genus Candida; implications for understanding clinical presentation, mixed infection and antifungal treatment and the influence on strain maintenance and replacement during oral candidiasis in HIV-infected individuals / by Michelle Fraser." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21799.
Abstract:
"8th July 2002."Includes bibliographical references (leaves 276-308)
vi, 308, [57] leaves : charts ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Examines the systematics (taxonomy, phylogeny, and epiemiology) of the genus Candida using a combination of traditional and contemporary methodologies. Assesses these methods to determine their diagnostic potential to unequivocally identify and characterise species and strains of this medically and dentally important yeast genus.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dentistry, 2002
9
Mashao, Mmbangiseni Beauty. "Prevalence and molecular identification of candida oral infections in HIV patients attending treatment centres, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/166.
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Moloko, Sophy Mogatlogedi. "Factors associated with the HIV transmission rate in 18 to 24 month-old children enrolled in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme at the City of Tshwane clinics." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13817.
Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to identify factors associated with the HIV transmission rate in 18 to 24 month-old children enrolled in the PMTCT programme at two selected City of Tshwane clinics. Mother-to-child transmission of HIV during labour and breastfeeding accounts for 40% of all HIV infection in children. The prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme is one effective strategy to reduce the rate of HIV infection in children. The HIV transmission rate was low at six weeks of age but increases at 18 to 24 months of age due to several factors.
The researcher selected a descriptive retrospective correlational research design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 60 mothers of children aged 18 to 24 months on the PMTCT programme and a data-collection form to collect data from 152 clinic records of children of the same age on the programme.
The study found that the PMTCT guidelines were not properly adhered to by the nurses and the respondents. Prophylactic treatment was not provided as required and mixed feeding was prominent. The uptake of HIV test at 18 to 24 months was low compared to at 6 weeks. The transmission rate was high at 18 to 24 months compared to at 6 weeks. No factors were associated with the transmission rateHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
Books on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
1
Martin, Michael. Oral candidosis. Middlesex [Eng]: E.R. Squibb, 1985.
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Turner, Richard. Candida can be beaten. Corio, Vic: Oidium, 1985.
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Parker, James N., and Philip M. Parker. The official patient's sourcebook on oropharyngeal candidiasis. San Diego, Calif: Icon Health Publications, 2002.
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Parker, Philip M., and James N. Parker. Thrush: A medical dictionary, bibliography, and annotated research guide to Internet references. San Diego, CA: ICON Health Publications, 2004.
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Barrah, David. Through my eyes: The inside story of the UK 2001 foot and mouth crisis. Poole: TimeBox Press, 2005.
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Fife, Bruce. Oil pulling therapy: Detoxifying and healing the body through oral cleansing. Colorado Springs: Piccadilly Books, 2008.
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Kenton, Charlotte. Health effects of smokeless tobacco use: January 1966 through December 1985. (Bethesda, Md.): U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1985.
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Brook, Rhidian. More than eyes can see: A nine-month journey through the AIDS pandemic. London: Marion Boyars, 2007.
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P, Samaranayake Lakshman, and MacFarlane T. Wallace, eds. Oral candidosis: Edited by Lakshman P. Samaranayake, T. Wallace MacFarlane ; with a foreword by Jen J. Pindborg. London: Wright, 1990.
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Messacar, Kevin, and Mark J. Abzug. Enterovirus and Parechovirus. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190604813.003.0003.
Abstract:
Enteroviruses (EVs) comprise a genus in the Picornaviridae family. They are single-stranded RNA viruses and are common causes of human infection. Polioviruses, the prototypic EVs, were historically responsible for widespread outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis; now they are on the verge of global elimination through vaccination. More than 100 serotypes of nonpoliovirus EVs are described and are associated with a wide variety of diseases, ranging from respiratory infections, nonspecific febrile illnesses, herpangina, and hand-foot-and-mouth disease to meningitis, encephalitis, paralytic disease, myocarditis, chronic or disseminated infection in immunocompromised hosts (particularly those with defects in the humoral immune response), and severe disease in neonates. This chapter reviews disease manifestations during pregnancy and in neonates, with an emphasis on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. The newly emerging parechoviruses, important causes of central nervous system (CNS) disease, are also reviewed.
Book chapters on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
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Burch, Jennie, and Brigitte Collins. "Mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, and stomach." In Oxford Handbook of Gastrointestinal Nursing, 17–60. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198833178.003.0002.
Abstract:
The mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, and stomach chapter discuss the diseases and conditions that can occur in the initial part of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). These diseases are defined and the possible presenting symptoms listed. The occurrence rates of the conditions within the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, and stomach are detailed and the potential causes explored. The investigations that might be necessary to diagnose the condition are described. Treatment options or preventative measures are explained with identification of any potential complications. Within the mouth there might be oral thrush; a condition of the oesophagus is Barrett’s oesophagus; and in the stomach there may be gastric ulcers. A succinct description of these conditions and diseases can assist the nurse in managing the care of patients with these problems.
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Mahadevan, Anita, Susarla K. Shankar, and Avindra Nath. "Rabies." In Schlossberg's Clinical Infectious Disease, edited by Cheston B. Cunha, 1228–32. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190888367.003.0191.
Abstract:
This chapter traces the first clear reference to rabies from writings by Aristotle in circa 380 bc, in which he described the symptoms and transmission of rabies in dogs. Louis Pasteur developed the first rabies vaccine in Paris by intracerebral inoculation in rabbits, which he used to protect dogs from the infection. It also cites countries where dogs are commonly infected with rabies virus, in which nearly 99% of transmission to humans occurs through dog bites. Rabies is caused by a number of different species of neurotropic viruses in the Rhabdoviridae family and is typically transmitted by saliva of the infected animal through a bite or scratch. Mucosal exposure to the rabies virus, such as to the eyes, nose, or mouth can also transmit the virus.
3
Read, Phillip, and Basil Donovan. "Syphilis." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1210–22. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0141.
Abstract:
Syphilis results from infection with the spirochaete Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, for which humans are the only known natural host. In adults it is transmitted primarily by sexual contact. The organism gains entry into the body through small breaks in the skin or the intact mucosal surfaces of the genitals, mouth, or anus, and is able to invade and survive in a wide variety of tissues. Since the availability of penicillin, syphilis has become primarily (>90%) a disease of less affluent countries or of minority subpopulations in more affluent countries with poor access to healthcare. It is also a disease of people with rapid rates of partner change (e.g. men who have sex with men and commercial sex workers).
4
Camilleri, Michael. "Gastrointestinal Physiologic and Motility Problems in Older Persons: Constipation, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Diverticulosis." In Mayo Clinic Illustrated Textbook of Neurogastroenterology, 321–36. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512104.003.0014.
Abstract:
Aging affects motor and sensory functions throughout the gut. In the pharynx and esophagus, the changes can result in dysphagia and aspiration. As people age, swallow is slower as a result of abnormalities in the oral phase of swallowing, reduced lingual propulsive force, dry mouth with diminished pharyngeal lubrication, and delayed upper esophageal sphincter opening. Aging also affects functional reserve of the proximal esophagus, anus, and pelvic floor and leads to motility disturbances in older persons, manifesting mainly as high dysphagia, constipation, and fecal incontinence, especially in the presence of prior obstetric damage. Older patients may have reversible, nonmalignant disease and can be restored to health through proper management.
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"Oral and maxillofacial surgery." In Oxford Handbook for Medical School, edited by Kapil Sugand, Miriam Berry, Imran Yusuf, Aisha Janjua, Chris Bird, David Metcalfe, Harveer Dev, et al., 715–24. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199681907.003.0037.
Abstract:
This chapter on oral and maxillofacial surgery is well structured to guide a medical student through different areas: clinic, emergency department, theatre, and on the ward. It introduces a unique specialty that requires qualification in both medicine and dentistry, treating conditions that require expertise from both backgrounds. The chapter reviews the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the mouth, jaws, face, and neck. An overview of common conditions faced in the emergency department is complemented by illustration of an orbital floor fracture. Complicated theatre procedures and examination procedures are summarized and pitched at an appropriate level for those looking to apply for medicine, and those in medical school.
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Fidyawati, Desy, Adrianus Wicaksono, Veronica Septnina Primasari, and Suci Amalia. "Management of Periodontal Emergency during COVID-19 Pandemic." In Dentistry. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106714.
Abstract:
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus presents with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, weakness, headache, and diarrhea. The primary mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is through direct or indirect inoculation of the mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth) with infectious respiratory droplets or fomites. Periodontal tissue can serve as a barrier to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in infected individuals. There are similarities between COVID-19 and periodontal disease, based on pro-inflammatory cytokines released by the body. A periodontal emergency arises when an acute condition involving the periodontium causes pain, forcing the patient to seek urgent care; therefore, most periodontal treatment can be considered as dangerous work compared to other dental procedures regarding the aspect of bioaerosol generation procedure. Transmission can occur through direct doctor-patient contact, as well as contamination from instruments or surfaces in the dentist’s practice room, and it is recommended to use PPE, to avoid aerosol splashes that occur during the work procedure, where aerosol granules and droplets can last 30 minutes after the treatment procedure is performed. The use of teledentistry is very important in periodontal care, in communication with patients regarding chief compliant, risk factor control, and oral hygiene instruction.
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Rastogi, Rohit, Devendra Kumar Chaturvedi, and Mayank Gupta. "Use of IoT and Different Biofeedback to Measure TTH." In Handbook of Research on Disease Prediction Through Data Analytics and Machine Learning, 486–525. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2742-9.ch025.
Abstract:
This chapter applied the random sampling in selection of the subjects suffering with headache, and care was taken that they ensure to fulfill the International Headache Society criteria. Subjects under consideration were assigned the two groups of GSR-integrated audio-visual feedback, GSR (audio-visual)- and EMG (audio-visual)-integrated feedback groups. In 10 sessions, the subjects experienced the GSR and EMG BF therapy for 15 minutes. Twenty subjects were subjected to EEG therapy. The variables for stress (pain) and SF-36 (quality of life) scores were recorded at starting point, 30 days, and 90 days after the starting of GSR and EMG-BF therapy. To reduce the anxiety and depression in day-to-day routine, the present research work is shown as evidence in favor of the mindful meditation. The physical, mental, and total scores increased over the time duration of SF-36 scores after 30- and 90-days recordings (p<0.05). Intergroup analysis has demonstrated the improvement. EMG-audio visual biofeedback group also showed highest improvement in SF-36 scores at first and third month follow up. EEG measures the Alpha waves for the subjects after meditation. GSR, EMG, and EEG-integrated auditory-visual biofeedback are efficient in solution of stress due to TTH with most advantage seen.
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"Whirling Disease: Reviews and Current Topics." In Whirling Disease: Reviews and Current Topics, edited by ERIC J. WAGNER. American Fisheries Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569377.ch19.
Abstract:
<EM>ABSTRACT. </EM>Whirling disease occurs in salmonid fishes infected by the myxosporean parasite <em>Myxobolus cerebralis</em>. This review summarizes the literature regarding control and management of the disease. Suggested methods for killing the myxospore stage include thorough drying, heating for 10 min at 90°C, calcium hydroxide at more than 0.5% for 24 h, and calcium oxide or KOH at more than 0.25% for 24 h. Chlorine was also effective at 1600 ppm in 24-h exposure or 5,000 ppm in a 10-min exposure. Roccal (alkyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride) at more than 200 ppm active ingredient was also effective. Calcium cyanide at 4,000 kg/ha has been used effectively for control in infected ponds. Treating incoming water with 2537 Å of ultraviolet (UV) light at dosages greater than or equal to 35,000 microwatt-sec/cm<sup>2</sup> was effective in preventing infection of rainbow trout fry. Filtration of water through a 25 µm commercial filter cartridge did not reduce or eliminate the disease, but sand-charcoal filters have been used successfully in France. Prophylactic treatment of incoming water with 0.5 ppm chlorine for 2 h once a week over a 4 month period reduced infection by 63–73%. Electrical charges of 1–3 kV pulsed for 1–25 times at 99 µsec per pulse have killed a high proportion of the triactinomyxon stage. Triactinomyxons were also inactivated by 260 ppm chlorine as sodium hypochlorite, 10% hydrogen peroxide for 10 min, or 50% povidone-iodine for 10 min. Various drugs have been tested, some of which reduced the level of infection but failed to eliminate the parasite. Management strategies to control the disease include control of the worm host and its habitat, stocking larger fish into infected waters, not stocking infected fish, education, enforcement of disease regulations, and stocking less susceptible species.
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Malik, Junaid Ahmad. "Strongyloidiasis." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 94–122. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2197-7.ch005.
Abstract:
Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic ailment brought about by a whiplike nematode worm called Strongyloides stercoralis. Most humans get the infection by coming in contact with contaminated soil whereby the tiny worms penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream from where it passes through the right side of the heart and lungs to mouth, stomach, and small intestines. Replication inside tainted people enables the disease to persevere for quite a long time. Strongyloides can cause a hyperinfection disorder which causes side effects in numerous organ frameworks, including the central nervous system that can prompt death if untreated. The diagnosis is made by blood and stool tests. This chapter is intended to draw a more precise picture of the global prevalence, diagnosis, and risk factors for S. stercoralis. The chapter also discusses the diagnostic approaches for detecting the infection, the morbidity caused and the recommended management. It further discusses some of the reasons why this infection is so neglected and the consequence of this for the estimated global prevalence.
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Ricci, Arnaud, Laetitia Gosetto, Katherine Blondon, and Frédéric Ehrler. "The New Smart-Meds: Redesign of a Gamified App to Improve Medication Adherence Using a Mixed Methods Design." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti200719.
Abstract:
SMART-MEDS is a gamification-based mobile application to improve medication adherence. In its first version, it relied on storytelling to bolster user engagement. The feedback collected from users after one month testing revealed that although they appreciated the proposed story, they did not find it compelling enough. On the positive side they really appreciated to learn about their medications and disease through a dedicated quiz. In this paper, we present a new version of the app redesigned based on the collected feedback. We have based ourselves on the theories of gamification and self-efficiency to propose new mechanics such as mini-games, and interactive dialogues with a chatbot. Everything is wrapped up inside a new story that takes us on a journey through Switzerland. We also tried to reinforce the app educational aspects by integrating documentation directly inside the new mechanics. This new app seems to address all the issues raised during the first user tests, and will be tested in the near future.
Conference papers on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
1
NONATO, Manuelly Rufino, Renata Fernandes Ferreira MORAES, Leticia Meirelles ÁVILA, Ana Cláudia Tavares VIEIRA, and Erica Cristina Rocha ROIER. "EQUINE (Equus caballus) INFUNDIBULAR DISEASE: CASE REPORT." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.16_abstract_nonato.pdf.
Abstract:
Raising horses has become increasingly important over the years, generating great income for breeders and contributing to the economy of the entire country. Dental care with these animals occurs less frequently than necessary, which causes weakness and loss of performance in them. Infundibular disease is a dental disorder, defined as a necrotizing bacteriosis characterized by destroying the inorganic material of the dental tissues, affecting mainly the premolar and molar teeth. This pathology may predispose to other alterations such as colic syndrome, gingivitis, difficulty in feeding, and consequent weight loss, besides resistance in the adaptation to mouth movements, which cause significant losses to the breeders. Its diagnosis is made through anamnesis, general and specific clinical examination of the oral cavity, and complementary exams, such as x-ray. This paper reports the case of a 13-year-old horse weighing about 400 kg of live weight, whose chosen treatment was the extraction of the affected tooth. The study aimed to review predisposing factors, diagnosis, the effects that this clinical change can cause on the animal’s organism, and infundibular disease treatment, describing the therapy used and its results.
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Tsen, Carolina, Juliana Ansai, Grace Gomes, Décio Neto, Renata Gerassi, Mariana Porto, Jéssica Aily, and Larissa Andrade. "EFFECTS OF TELEHEALTH PROGRAM ON FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY AMONG ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA: PRELIMINARY RESULTS." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda084.
Abstract:
Background: Telehealth is and alternative to improve functional mobility of elderly with dementia on a pandemic scenario, but still little explored on Brazil. Objective: To analyze the effects of a telehealth program on functional mobility among elderly with dementia. Methods: Ten elderly with dementia were evaluated about functional capacity through physical test Timed Up and Go. After, they were randomized and divided into two groups: telehealth group (TG) and control group (CG). The TG performed systematic physical and cognitive exercises with professional monitoring, while the CG received non-systematized guidance, both for 12 weeks. Participants were evaluated pre, immediately after three-month intervention and with a 12- week follow-up. Results: Of the 10 participants, 5 were allocated to each group. In the pre-intervention evaluation, the CG had a mean of 15.64 +/- 5.04 seconds in the TUG test and the TG had a mean of 19.78 +/- 6.51, that is, above 12.45 seconds means risk of falling. In the post-intervention, the CG had a mean of 16.83 +/- 6.77 and the TG a mean of 25.22 +/- 19.50. After 3 months of follow-up, the CG and the TG showed a mean of 16.08 +/- 2.04 and 17.98 +/- 6.73, respectively. Conclusion: After the intervention period, due to the small number of the sample, it was not possible to verify improvement in either group.
3
Carillo, Edgardo Raphael, Shalom Dispo, Renfroe Von Harlagee Fallarco, Karen Faye Mateo, Ramon Garcia, Marianne Sejera, and Flordeliza L. Valiente. "Gum Disease Detection in the Front Part of the Mouth Using Convolutional Neural Network Through the Use of Keras with TensorFlow as Backend." In ICBET 2020: 2020 10th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397391.3397429.
4
Queiroz, Andrei Alves de, Ana Maria Kemp, Vanessa Ribeiro Lopes, and Debora Garcia y. Narvaiza. "THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON BREAST CANCER STAGES." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1032.
Abstract:
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought us several behavioral changes, including social isolation, which impacted breast cancer screening around the world, including in Brazil. With a decrease in the number of exams performed, the risk of breast cancer detection in later stages increases, negatively impacting the prognosis of the disease. Objectives: To analyze and compare breast cancer stages in patients at a hospital in Mogi das Cruzes - SP before and during the pandemic. Methods: Retrospective, observational, and analytical study carried out through analysis of records of patients admitted to the outpatient clinic between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020. This service is reference for 11 municipalities covering an estimated population of more than three million inhabitants. For statistical analysis, and to allow cases referred in the pre-pandemic period to be considered as such, the pandemic period was determined to be from April 1, 2020 on. Results: A total of 331 breast cancer patients who started treatment between 2019 and 2020 were identified. 23.6% fewer cases were admitted during the pandemic, with 102 patients attended, an average of 11.3 patients/month, while before the pandemic the average was 15.3 patients/month. There was a statistically significant difference of four patients/month (p <0.001). The mean age of the patients also varied significantly, the patients being younger during the pandemic, with a difference of 3.5 years (57.8 vs 54.3; p=0.03). In order to analyze the effect of the pandemic in breast cancer stages, the number of cases was studied each month, and a significant drop was identified in the stages 0 and I (3.2 vs 0.7 cases/month; p <0.001). with no increase identified in the other stages. A multivariate analysis also identified a significant drop in diagnoses at early stages, even after considering confounding factors (age), with OR=0.29 (95%CI 0.11–0.63; p=0.004). No significant change was identified in cases of locally advanced or metastatic disease (stages III and IV), with an OR of 0.86 (95%CI 0.51–1.41; p=0.55). It is important to remember that these early-stage patients are often asymptomatic and diagnosed, mostly, through screening tests. Conclusions: The deficit in patients diagnosed at early stages was not accompanied by an increase in advanced stages. It is possible that there are still many women with undiagnosed breast cancer, but with the possibility of early identification.
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Kim, Jinho, and Jim S. Chen. "Effect of Inhaling Patterns on Aerosol Drug Delivery: CFD Simulation." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66685.
Abstract:
Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols (IPAs) delivery has great potential in treatment of a variety of respiratory diseases, including asthma, pulmonary diseases, and allergies. Aerosol delivery has many advantages. It delivers medication directly to where it is needed and it is effective in much lower doses than required for oral administration. Currently, there are several types of IPA delivery systems, including pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI), the dry powder inhaler (DPI), and the medical nebulizer. IPAs should be delivered deep into the respiratory system where the drug substance can be absorbed into blood through the capillaries via the alveoli. Researchers have proved that most aerosol particles with aerodynamic diameter of about 1–5 μm, if slowly and deeply inhaled, could be deposited in the peripheral regions that are rich in alveoli [1–3]. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of various inhaling rates with breath-holding pause on the aerosol deposition (Dp = 0.5–5 μm) in a human upper airway model extending from mouth to 3rd generation of trachea. The oral airway model is three dimensional and non-planar configurations. The dimensions of the model are adapted from a human cast. The air flow is assumed to be unsteady, laminar, and incompressible. The investigation is carried out by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using the software Fluent 6.2. The user-defined function (UDF) is employed to simulate the cyclic inspiratory flows for different IPA inhalation patterns. When an aerosol particle enters the mouth respiratory tract, its particles experience abrupt changes in direction. The secondary flow changes its direction as the airflow passes curvature. Intensity of the secondary flow is strong after first bend at pharynx and becomes weaker after larynx. In flow separation, a particle can be trapped and follow the eddy and deposit on the surface. Particle deposition fraction generally increases as particle size and inhaling airflow velocity increase.
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Zuschnegg, Julia, Sandra Schuessler, Lucas Paletta, Silvia Russegger, Maria Fellner, Karin Ploder, Bernhard Strobl, et al. "Usability Evaluation after a 6-month Tablet-based Dementia Training Program by People with Alzheimer’s Disease, Relatives, and Dementia Trainers." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001844.
Abstract:
Non-pharmacological interventions, like tablet-based cognitive trainings, already present an important alternative treatment of dementia. For tablet-based cognitive trainings to be effective, regular practice seems to be required, highlighting the need for such trainings to be applicable not only in well-prepared laboratory settings, but also for continuous use at home. In order to raise the acceptance as well as the user-friendliness of such trainings to consequently increase training intensity, usability research is essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences of people with Alzheimer’s disease (PwAD), relatives, and dementia trainers regarding the usability of a tablet-based dementia training practiced in the home setting.A qualitative study was performed within the ongoing randomized controlled trial of the project multimodAAL. In total 15 individual interviews (each 5 per target group) were conducted with people with mild AD, their relatives and dementia trainers, who were already assigned to the intervention group for at least 6 months, practicing a dementia training program, including physical and cognitive exercises on a tablet-PC at home. The interviews lasted 91.9 minutes on average. A qualitative content analysis was performed to analyze the data.Participants were predominantly female (73.3 %). PwAD and relatives stated that they had no previous experience with this type of computer-based cognitive training and had experienced the training as positive and enriching. Some relatives saw the joint performance as a meaningful activity with their loved ones. Participants confirmed that the different types of physical exercises (e.g., coordination, strength), presented in a video format were well feasible for PwAD. In this regard, some PwAD reported feeling a bit unchallenged. Relatives and dementia trainers recommended for the exercise videos to be more motivating and fun (e.g., direct motivational address by the gymnast in the video like in a tv show, colorful sportswear). Regarding cognitive exercises, participants appreciated the variety (e.g., quiz, puzzle, calculating) as well as the sequence of the different exercises within a training session. Dementia trainers and relatives perceived that exercises related to topics about past/biography (e.g., previous occupation, hobbies) and to religious/seasonal traditions (e.g., Christmas) were particularly appreciated among PwAD. In view of beneficial factors to complete a training session with its physical and cognitive exercises successfully, relatives and dementia trainers underlined that PwAD needed support in terms of (technical) guidance, motivation/feedback/praise, as well as hints/tips/thought-provoking impulses. Dementia trainers and relatives suggested that this could be achieved by a supporting person (e.g., dementia trainer) or an expansion of the program by written and verbal support (e.g., hint button, voice assistant). Furthermore, participants emphasized the need of a tablet pen for comfortable handling, as well as a high sensitivity of the tablet-PC's touch screen.The results show that the already applied tablet-based dementia training is well received and accepted by participants. However, there is still potential for enhancement regarding motivational and feedback strategies as well as user-friendliness by the addition of a comprehensive application for guiding through the physical and cognitive exercises to enable more independent practice sessions.
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Oliveira, Raddib Eduardo Noleto da Nobrega, Rafael Pereira Guimarães, Maria Eduarda Angelo de Mendonça Filleti, and Thábata Emanuelle Martins Nunes. "Optical neurorretinitis by Bartonella Henselae - case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.535.
Abstract:
Introduction: Cat scratch disease is an infection caused by Bartonella henselae, usually transmitted to humans through cat scratch or bite. The most common clinical manifestation is lymphadenitis, but 5 to 10% of patients with cat scratch disease may have ocular involvement. Objectives and methodology: This work aims to report a case of Neuroretinitis optica by Bartonella Henselae. Data were collected through analysis of medical records with the patient’s consent. Results / Case report: Female, 22 years old, born in Joinville, presented, acutely, decreased visual acuity in RE, without pain on eye movement. She reported flu with fever in the previous month and denied recent vaccination. Visual acuity was 20/40 in RE and the fundus revealed papilla edema, hemorrhage and uveitis (+ / 4 +). In laboratory tests there were no changes. Serology for toxoplasmosis revealed a slight increase in IgM and the other serologies were negative. Sulfamethoxazole 800 mg / trimethoprim 160 mg started 12/12 hs and prednisone 80 mg / day, without improvement. Evolved with worsening and visual acuity (20/100) in OD. Retinography showed vascular narrowing, papillary blurring, decreased foveal brightness and macular edema, configuring optic neuritis D, with no changes in the LE. The neurological evaluation did not find any findings other than visual changes. The CSF study, cranial and orbit MRs were normal. At that time, the patient reported having had contact with a dead kitten. Serology was positive for Bartonella (IgM 1/100). Doxycycline 100mg started at 12 / 12h. After 15 days, a stellate macula and a slight improvement in papilla edema were observed. The patient evolved with full recovery. Conclusion: B.henselae is the main etiological agent of DAG. Kittens are the main reservoirs of B.henselae. Contact with mucous membranes or conjunctivae may be involved. Cat scratch disease (GAD) has two clinical presentations. Typical GAD is characterized by subacute regional lymphadenopathy; atypical GAD is the designation for numerous manifestations involving several organs, and occurs in 10- 15% of cases, being responsible for Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome.
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Ortega, A. M., T. A. Bateman, E. W. Livingston, R. C. Paietta, S. M. Gonzalez, L. S. Stodieck, and V. L. Ferguson. "Spaceflight Related Changes in Structure and Strength of Mouse Trabecular and Cortical Bone From the STS-118 Space Shuttle Mission." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14785.
Abstract:
Rapid bone loss during spaceflight is a well-established and continuing medical issue for astronauts. It has been reported that astronauts have displayed bone loss at rates of up to 2.7%/month in weight-bearing bones, or about 6 times that of post-menopausal women [1]. Rodent models have provided a means to further our understanding of the effects of microgravity on bone quality, both from studies in which rodents have flown aboard space missions and those in which weightlessness is simulated on earth through musculoskeletal unloading [2]. Such studies have the potential to not only further our understanding of the cause of decreased bone integrity in space, but also provide an accelerated model for the study of osteo-degenerative diseases affecting the general public, leading to improved treatment methods for both spaceflight and age or illness related osteoporosis.
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Stepan, Lenka, Daniel Levi, and Gregory Carman. "A Thin Film Nitinol Heart Valve." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60850.
Abstract:
In order to create a less thrombogenic heart valve with improved longevity, a prosthetic heart valve was developed using thin film nitinol (NiTi). A “butterfly” thin film NiTi valve was constructed using a single, elliptical piece of thin film NiTi and a scaffold made from Teflon tubing and NiTi wire. Flow tests and pressure readings across the valve were performed in vitro in a pulsatile flow loop. Biocorrosion experiments were conducted on untreated and passivated thin film nitinol. To determine the material’s in vivo biocompatibility, thin film nitinol was implanted in a pig using a stent covered with thin film NiTi. Flow rates and pressure tracings across the valve were comparable to those through a commercially available 19 mm Perimount Edwards tissue valve. No signs of corrosion were present on samples of thin film nitinol after immersion in Hank’s solution for 1 month. Finally, organs and tissue samples explanted from the pig 17 days after thin film NiTi implantation appeared without disease, and the thin film nitinol itself was without thrombus formation or endothelialization. Although long term testing will be needed, thin film NiTi may be very well suited for use in artificial heart valves.
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Mollo, Kimberly, Kyndra Adams, Andrew Berger, Eric Schneider, and Tod Corlett. "Empowering Individuals with Limited Joint Mobility: An Embedded Interdisciplinary Program between Occupational Therapy and Industrial Design." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001655.
Abstract:
This paper highlights the third consecutive year of an ongoing, embedded interdisciplinary collaborative program between Occupational Therapy Doctoral (OTD) and Master of Industrial Design (design) students and faculty co-creating assistive devices that improve participation in tasks and activities for individuals living with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). FOP is a rare and progressive genetic disease, causing an individual's muscles, tendons, and ligaments to turn to bone, resulting in fixation and immobility. During the 9-month collaborative experience, OTD and design students co-conducted 2 sets of interviews with FOP clients identifying activities of daily living that were problematic secondary to individual disease course. OTD students administered the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to identify which daily routines and activities were impacted. Design students employed standardized questions to clarify how their activities were performed. Findings informed initial assistive device prototypes, which were then sent to FOP clients for user testing. After testing was completed, design students continued to prototype and conducted a second feedback interview. This program also included several interprofessional educational experiences designed by the OTD students for their design peers under occupational therapy (OT) and design faculty supervision. Content was created to reinforce FOP clients’ needs and was delivered through shared learning modules, activities, and peer-to-peer discussion. Weekly collaboration occurring in design coursework between disciplines and use of OT-related tools such as the COPM helped the design students leverage their skills by contextualizing what they observed when interacting with FOP clients, ultimately creating better products that met the needs of individuals with FOP. Findings presented include current data up to February 2022 from OTD and design interviews and FOP user feedback; data collection and prototyping will continue through May 2022. Outcomes demonstrated and reinforced the need for consistent, higher-level embedded interdisciplinary collaborative approaches that uniquely meet the needs of clients experiencing complex medical issues and help to expand the usability of assistive devices for other populations with complex issues.
Reports on the topic "Thrush (Mouth disease)":
1
12th Meeting of the Global Steering Committee of the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs). Report of the meeting, 2 November and 2 December 2021. WOAH (World Organisation for Animal Health), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/gftads.3327.
Abstract:
This report provides an overview of the main activities on global priority transboundary animal diseases (TADs) since the last Global steering Committee in November and December 2020. It covers, by alphabetic order, African Swine Fever (ASF), Foot and Mouth disease (FMD), Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and Rinderpest post eradication programme (RP). Sources of funding (financial information) are presented in Annex I and a follow up of action plan, adopted following the 3rd external evaluation of GF-TADs, is presented in Annex II. Information on specific activities can also be found through the dedicated sections of the GF-TADs website or on request to the GF-TADs global secretariat. The GF-TADs global secretariat thanks the members of these disease working groups and secretariat for their support to prepare this document.
2
12th Meeting of the Global Steering Committee of the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs). Activity report. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/gftads.3204.
Abstract:
This report provides an update on the progress made in the control of global priority transboundary animal diseases (TADs), which was presented by the disease working groups and secretariats at the Global Steering Committee meeting (GSC12), held during two sessions in November and December 2021. It presents a concise summary of activities carried out under the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs) umbrella from November 2020 to October 2021. The TADs covered in the report include African swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease and peste des petits ruminants, as well as the rinderpest post-eradication programme. The main areas of focus include a summary of TADs control strategies, the epidemiological situation in the past two years, as well as the progress and challenges faced in the last year. Regional activities for the five main geographical regions of the GF-TADs are also highlighted in the report. Funding support for TADs control is presented in Annex I and a follow-up of the action plan developed following the recommendations of the third external evaluation of GF-TADs is presented in Annex II. Information on specific activities mentioned in the report can also be found through the dedicated sections of the GF-TADs website or by request from the GF-TADs global secretariat.
3
2nd Meeting of the Global Coordination Committee on Foot and Mouth Disease (GCC-FMD). Report of the virtual meeting 12 April 2022. Rome. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/gftads.3332.
Abstract:
The 2nd meeting of the GCC-FMD was organised under the umbrella of the GF-TADs, by its FMD Working Group (WG) on 12 April 2022. The participants included representatives of 11 GCC-FMD Standing Member organisations, and representatives from the FAO and OIE regional offices, the representatives from FAO/WOAH regional Reference Centres, and the head of the FAO/WOAH World Reference Laboratory for FMD (WRLFMD, The Pirbright Institute, UK). The FMD-WG is looking to this committee to guide in the final phase of the implementation of the FAO/WOAH Global FMD Control Strategy, through sharing information and experiences, improving the alignment and coordination of regional initiatives with the FAO/WOAH Global FMD control strategy and eventually developing a 5-year global FMD action plan. The overall purpose of the GCC-FMD is to: (i) Facilitate the implementation of the Global strategy as it is entering the final phase of its implementation; (ii) Enhance information exchange and coordination at regional level; (iii) Enable replication of success across regions.