Journal articles on the topic 'Throne hall'
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1
Seviset, Somchai, and Jian Qun Lin. "Cosmology and the Traditional Thai Design of the Royal Throne of Rattanakosin Royal Hall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 442–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.442.
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The Royal Throne inside Amarinthara Winictchai Throne Hall built during the early Rattanakosin Period (1782-present day) in Thailand is considered as the utmost essential furniture of the Royal Hall. Due to the fact that it is used for special state occasions as well as royal ceremonies, the Royal Throne was designed and constructed with an exquisite traditional Thai architectural design based on the concept of kingship and cosmology. According to this particular concept, the Royal Throne symbolizes Mount Meru, which is believed to be the center of the universe based on the perception of Thai culture in the past, on top of which Indra, the lord of all gods and goddesses, is residing. Hence, it is believed that whenever the King sits on the Royal Throne he ideally represents Indra whose throne is at the center of the universe. It is a way of expressing the greatness of the Kings power as Deva Raja or the Lord of Universe. The designing of the Royal Throne inside Amarinthara Winictchai Throne Hall is considered to be an important sample of furniture of the Grand Palace that entirely conveys the notion of cosmology and kingship. Since then, this design concept based on kingship and cosmology and even some of the design elements that signify such concept have been included as part of the design of other Throne Halls (Phra Raja Atsana) until today in order to preserve the iconology of kingship originated from the ancient royal Thai tradition which reflects the unique identity of Thai nation.
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Rotaru, Marina Cristiana. "Uses of the Throne Hall in the former Royal Palace in Bucharest from 1947 to 2019: a social semiotic perspective." Swedish Journal of Romanian Studies 3, no. 1 (April 17, 2020): 188–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.35824/sjrs.v3i1.20432.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate, from a socio-semiotic perspective, the manner in which the political regimes installed after the forced abdication of King Mihai I (on 30 December 1947) used the Throne Hall in the former royal palace in Bucharest to meet their own needs. In December 1947, Romania was illegally turned from a constitutional monarchy into a popular republic, with the help of the Red Army. Then, the popular republic was transformed into a socialist republic, in fact, a communist dictatorship. In December 1989, the communist regime collapsed and was replaced by a post-communist one, a regime which did not seem willing to leave behind the communist ideological legacy, manifest, in the 1990s, in the brutal repression of anti-government protesters in University Square in Bucharest, or in the Romanian Mineriads of 1990 and 1991. The political regimes that succeeded to power after 1947 deprived the Throne Hall of its monarchic symbolism and used it in ways incongruent with its inherent function, albeit for official purposes. The manner in which the communist regime made use of this particular place is indicative of its intent and success in reinventing traditions or adapting older traditions to its ideological goals, in order to alienate Romanians from their recent past, in disrespect for the nation’s heritage. Although the former royal palace was completely transformed into a national museum of art after 1990, a cultural institution meant, by its very purpose, to save at least part of the nation’s memory, political decision makers ignored the symbolism of a national museum such as the National Museum of Art of Romania, known to many Romanians as the former royal palace. In bewildering, yet not unprecedented fashion, the Throne Hall has been recently used, by the Romanian government, as a dining hall in a series of events that preceded the takeover of the presidency of the EU Council by Romania in January 2019. We claim that the government’s decision can be circumscribed to Jean Baudrillard’s concept of consumerism, characterized by the rule of sign value as a status symbol. In addition, Jan Blommaert’s and Barbara Johnstone’s taxonomies further the argument that the Throne Hall is not a mere space, but a place, its function having been perverted by both ideological manipulation and aggressive consumerism.
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Gyul, T. I. "On the dynastic cult of the rulers of Bukhara Sogd in the Early Middle Ages (to the interpretation of the murals of the Varakhsha palace)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 2(53) (May 28, 2021): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-3.
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Varakhsha hillfort is located in the Bukhara oasis (Uzbekistan). From the 6th to 8th c., it was the residence of the rulers of Bukhara Sogd. Archaeological investigations of the Varakhsha were carried out in the late 1930s, and then later in 1947 and 1949–1954. During the excavations of the palace, wall paintings were discovered in the Red (Hindu) and East (Blue) Halls (7th–8th c.). In the East Hall, the center of the art composition on the south wall was dominated by a massive figure of a ‘king’ with a golden sword, seated on a throne with protomas of winged camels. Depicted next to him was a group of five people sitting on their knees — the king's family. The elder man is making an offering to the fire on an altar. On the base of the altar, there is a male figure, seated on a throne in the form of a lying camel. This figure represents Vretragna, the Avestan deity of Victory. Mythogenically, Vretragna is close to the Vedic god of thunder Indra. In Avesta, Vretragna appears in various guises: a Bactrian camel; the bird of prey Varagn; a man with a golden sword. In Sogdian iconography, the image of the Bactrian camel is most often associated with Vretragna. The characters of the murals in the Blue Hall (the king’s family) bring offering to the fire lit in tribute to the deity — to Vretragna. The central figure of this composition was identi-fied by V.A. Shishkin as a king. In our opinion, it rather depicts Vretragna. This is implicitly indicated by the protomas of the throne in the form of winged camels and by the image of ‘the king with the golden sword’. The walls of the Red Hall of Varakhsha were decorated with a scene of hunters riding elephants. Each elephant was ridden by a servant-mahout and a lord, whose figure would be disproportionately large. They are slaying huge monsters. According to researchers, an image of the Sogdian deity Adbag is repeated here. The epithet ‘Adbag’ — ‘Supreme deity’ is associated with Ahuramazda. B.I. Marshak and A.M. Belenitsky note, that here Adbag-Ahuramazda is likened to Indra riding a white elephant. It seems to us quite probable that such an epithet could be applied to various gods of a high status. Notably, it could be Vretragna depicted here, who is akin to Indra. We think that the image of Vretragna held a special place in the visual arts of Varakhsha, as the patron deity of the Bukhar-Khudat dynasty. He was depicted in the center of the com-position in the Blue Hall in his Avestan hypostasis, and in the Red Hall he was depicted in the form of Indra.
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Weatherhead, Fran. "Painted Pavements in the Great Palace at Amarna." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 78, no. 1 (October 1992): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751339207800110.
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During excavations at the Great Palace at Amarna, three large floor-paintings were found in the area known as the North Harim. Two of the pavement designs are published here for the first time. All three were connected by a painted pathway of captives. Study of the painted pavements, together with plans of the Great Palace and other New Kingdom palaces, suggests that the room called the Main Hall may have been a throne room.
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Cho, Shinae. "Characteristics of Space and Decoration in the Main Halls of Changdeokgung Palace in Modern Period of Korea." Korean Journal of Art History 315 (September 30, 2022): 213–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31065/kjah.315.202209.007.
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When King Sunjong acceded to the throne in 1907, Injeongjeon Hall and Seonjeongjeon Hall of Changdeokgung Palace were refurbished and renovated. The two halls were transformed into audience area for the king and Daejojeon Hall was rebuilt to become the largest area in the palace that could perform various functions including the king’s state affairs, education, and leisure.</br>In the 1910s, the Painting of Phoenixes was installed in Injeongjeon Hall, and Japanese industrial crafts and European Japonisme furnitures were placed here and in Seonjeongjeon Hall by political intentions of the Japanese government, bringing a forced modernity to the palace. European and Chinese crafts were also brought to the palace. In 1920, Daejojeon Hall was renovated and European furniture, imported in the late 19th century at the beginning of Joseon’s modern diplomatic relations, was arranged to complete a European style audience hall for the king. Qing-style furniture and enamelware were also chosen for the palace as they were suitable for the spacious rooms and new lifestyle of using chairs and tables. The Qing-style was mostly Peranakan style, favored by Chinese immigrants to the Southeast Asia who were important customers for the late 19<sup>th</sup> century Qing artisans. On the other hand, traditional court paintings were continued by painters such as Yang Kihoon and Kim Gyujin who tried to maintain the tradition while accepting modernity even though Joseon was occupied by Japan at the time. Moreover, painters provided designs for craftsmen who made products that lay foundations for modern craftworks. The early 20<sup>th</sup> century interior designs at Changdeokgung Palace accommodated the political and social circumstances and the distinct characteristics of the space, and consequently created new values of modernity and cultural diversity particular to Korea.
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Kim, Myeong-jin. "Exploring the location of the city hall in Jangsan-gun and the transition of Gun-hye on during the Goryeo Dynasty." Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University 82 (December 31, 2022): 259–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15186/ikc.2022.12.31.11.
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The name of the town, Jangsan-gun (Gyeongsan-si), was officially given in 757. In 927, at the Battle of Gongsan Dongsu, Wang Geon was defeated by Gyeon Hwon of the Later Baekje. However, the residents of Gyeongsan cooperated with Goryeo. As a reward, Wang Geon changed the name of Jangsan-gun to a better meaning. Jangsan-gun (Jangsanseong) does not know its exact location. However, it was revealed that the site of Gyeongsan City Hall during the Joseon Dynasty was the seat of the Goryeo Dynasty. It was also analyzed that this place would be the site of Jangsan Fortress. The transition of Gun-hyeon of Jangsan-gun of Goryeo began with the Taejo period. Jangsan-gun was transferred to Donggyeong Yusugwan Gyeongju in February 1018 (9th year of King Hyeonjong). In 1172 (the 2nd year of King Myeongjong), Gammu was dispatched. When King Chungseon took the throne, Jangsan-gun was changed to Gyeongsan-hyeon to avoid the king's name. This was December 1308. In 1317 (4th year of King Chungsuk), Gyeongsan-hyeon was said to be the hometown of Il-yeon and became Gyeongsanhyeonryeonggwan. In 1390 (2nd year of King Gongyang), it was elevated to Gyeong san-g un as it was said to be the hometown of King Gongyang's queen.
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Gao, M., W. Piao, and J. Guo. "Digital restoration research and three-dimensional model construction on Xieqiqu." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W3 (August 11, 2015): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w3-75-2015.
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As the Baroque style complex in Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace), Xiyanglou (Western Buildings) carries a unique history of the imperial resort. The significance of its restoration has drawn much attention from home and aboard in the field of cultural heritage conservation. Yuanmingyuan Digital Restoration Research Project was officially launched in 2013. Five out of the thirteen scenes in Xiyanglou, namely Xieqiqu (Harmonious Wonder), Haiyantang (Hall of National Peace), Fangwaiguan (Belvedere), Xushuilou(Water Supply Building) and Guanshuifa (Throne to observe water displays), have been studied and restored digitally within the first two years of the project. Among all the scenes in Xiyanglou, Xieqiqu is the first European-style palace and the first scene to be studied in the Digital Restoration Research Project. The 3D reconstruction of the site is based on the current-day survey of the ruins in combination with the historic archival research. Taking Xieqiqu as a case, this paper introduces the digital restoration methodologies, progress and achievements of Yuanmingyuan Digital Restoration Research Project.
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Jeon, Na-Na. "A Study on the Structure of the Throne Canopy and the Original Folding Screen with Five Peaks in Junghwajeon Hall of Deoksugung Palace." Art History 39 (February 29, 2020): 189–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.14769/jkaahe.2020.02.39.189.
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A., A. S., and Ebba M. Koch. "Shah Jehan and Orpheus: Pietre Dure Decoration and Program of the Throne in the Hall of Public Audiences of the Red Fort at Delhi." Journal of the American Oriental Society 111, no. 1 (January 1991): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603814.
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Gekht, Anton. "Prince Eugene of Sweden. A painter’s brief biography." Scandinavian Philology 20, no. 2 (2022): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2022.211.
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This article tells about the main stages of the biography of the famous Scandinavian painter Prince Eugene, a representative of the Bernadotte dynasty, who left a noticeable mark on the history of Swedish culture. Having no prospects of ever taking the royal throne, Eugene, after receiving the traditional upbringing and education for the heir to the throne, devoted himself to the study of painting. Having experienced the serious influence of the French Impressionist masters of the last third of the 19th century during his studies in Paris, he worked fruitfully in various genres for a long time, leaving an extensive creative legacy: his brush owns not only numerous canvases presented both in leading museums in Sweden and world-class collections (the British Museum, the Metropolitan Museum), but also monuments of monumental painting — in particular, frescoes in the Stockholm City Hall and the Royal Drama Theater. The activity of Prince Eugene as a representative of the Swedish royal court during the period on the eve of the dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union is a significant research interest. Prince Eugene made certain efforts to preserve the unity of Sweden and Norway by popularizing such ideas in the Norwegian creative environment, where he had wide acquaintances and a certain popularity and was even proposed by such famous figures of Norwegian culture as K. Hamsun and B. Bjornson as a possible candidate for the role of king of Norway. The prince-artist is also noteworthy as a public figure who held anti-Nazi positions during the period before and during World War II: he not only condemned the policies of the Third Reich, but also criticized Swedish public figures who expressed sympathy for the actions of the Nazi regime in Germany. Nowadays, the extensive creative heritage of Prince Eugene is on display in the collection of the art museum located in his estate Waldemarsudde in Stockholm, where he lived and worked for most of his life and where he was buried after his death.
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Квливидзе, Нина Валерьевна. "Reflection of Divinity of Saint Joseph of Volotsk in Monumental Programs of Time of the Metropolitan Makarios." Вестник церковного искусства и археологии, no. 1(1) (June 15, 2019): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/2658-5111-2019-1-28-47.
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Статья посвящена исследованию иконографической программы росписи парадных Сеней и Золотой палаты - тронного зала дворца Ивана IV Грозного в Кремле, созданных в середине XVI в. Росписи не сохранились, но их содержание известно по описанию конца XVII в., составленному знаменитым художником Симоном Ушаковым. Автором статьи впервые выявляются литературные источники композиций и их иконографические прототипы, а также устанавливается, что в основе идеологического замысла создателей росписи - митрополита Макария и его сотрудников, лежит сочинение преподобного Иосифа Волоцкого «Просветитель». Article is devoted to a research of the iconographic program of painting of a ceremonial Outer entrance hall and Gold chamber - the throne-room of the palace of Ivan IV Grozny in the Kremlin, created in the middle of the 16th century. Paintings did not remain, but their contents are known according to the description of the famous artist Simon Ushakov made at the end of the 17th century. The author of article for the first time reveals references of compositions and their iconographic prototypes. It is established that at the heart of an ideological plan of creators of painting - the metropolitan Makarios and his employees, the theological work by Saint Joseph of Volotsk “Educator” lies.
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Topsfield, Andrew. "Koch Ebba: Shah Jahan and Orpheus: the pietre dure decoration and the programme of the throne in the Hall of Public Audiences at the Red Fort of Delhi. 56 pp. 48 plates. Graz: Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, 1988. 6S 480, DM 74." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 53, no. 1 (February 1990): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00021662.
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Torres, Mellie. "From the Bricks to the Hall." Harvard Educational Review 79, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.4.l5138t7647713620.
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Situating herself on the cusp between life in her hometown of Newark, New Jersey, and her new world at Seton Hall University, Mellie Torres describes the painful awareness of a growing distance between herself, as the first to go to college, and her family. In so doing, she reveals the inherent losses of leaving home and the painful contrast between her own life story and that of her brother Isaac, who was denied the opportunity to thrive. In grieving the loss of her brother, Torres asks readers to honor his unrealized promise.
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Falk, Toby. "Shah Jahan and Orpheus: the pietre dure decoration and the programme of the throne in the Hall of Public Audiences at the Red Fort of Delhi. By Ebba Koch. pp. 56, 40 pl. in col. and b and w., 5 figs. Graz, Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, 1988. ÖS 480, DM 74 (paperback)." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 120, no. 2 (April 1988): 436–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00142029.
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Углева, Н. В. "The Experience of Attribution of the Throne Chair of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov and the Ivory Throne in the 19th–21st Centuries." Nasledie Vekov, no. 2(30) (June 30, 2022): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2022.30.2.006.
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В статье уточняется атрибуция двух тронных кресел («алмазного трона» и «костяного трона») из собрания Оружейной палаты, датировка и происхождение которых до настоящего времени не были точно установлены. Материалами послужили сами изучаемые предметы мебели, архивные источники, опубликованная документация дворцовых приказов и Архива Оружейной Палаты, коронационные альбомы, а также результаты предшествовавших исследований. Выявлены обстоятельства появления «алмазного трона» в кремлевской сокровищнице, сделан вывод о датировке его создания XV–XVI вв. и первоначальном изготовлении работавшими в Иране европейскими мастерами. Появление «костяного трона» датируется периодом не ранее 1621 г. На основе источников первой половины XVII в. описывается подобный объект – «большой костяной стул», предполагается, что два данных предмета фактически являются одним и тем же артефактом, восходящим к XIV в. и за время своего бытования пережившим множественные реконструкции и изменения. The study aims to clarify the attribution of two throne chairs (“diamond throne” and “ivory throne”), which are part of the collection of the Kremlin Armoury, since their dating and origin are still objects of scientific discussion. The materials used were the furniture items themselves, documents from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, published documents of palace orders and the Armoury Archive, coronation albums, as well as the results of previous historical, art history and museological studies conducted by various scientists during almost two hundred years. The author for the first time considers the studied artifacts as objects of furniture art, using the method of stylistic analysis, the comparative method, research methods used in source studies and specialized auxiliary scientific disciplines, as well as methods and techniques for establishing the text. The author substantiates the dating of the appearance of Alexei Mikhailovich’s throne chair in the Kremlin Treasury, reveals the name of the person who ordered the throne and the role of persons involved in donating the throne chair. The author analyzes references to the chair in the coronation albums and in later studies containing the image of the subject. The exhibit is considered from the point of view of the development of furniture art: the author examines its shape, decorations, miniatures placed on its body, and the dedicatory inscription. The author infers that the throne chair dates back to the 15th–16th centuries, its original manufacturers were European masters working in Persia, and that new elements were added to the decor in a later period. Analyzing the ivory throne, the author draws an analogy between this throne and the throne of Maximianus of Ravenna (6th century), tracing the two chairs back to the legendary throne of King Solomon. Based on the analysis of the decor details, the author argues that the ivory throne appeared no earlier than in 1621. She hypothesizes that the throne has a Russian origin. The author describes the decoration of the throne and proves the idea that it was not the only piece of furniture decorated with ivory decor in the royal treasury. Based on the sources of the first half of the 17th century, the author describes a similar object – a “large ivory chair”, indicates the details that distinguish it from the ivory throne. She assumes that these two items are actually the same artifact dating back to the 14th century, which, during its existence, survived multiple reconstructions and changes, and took its final shape in the 1830s.
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Harwood, Richard. "Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 - Howthe Government Takes Control Ofplanning Policy." Environmental Law Review 7, no. 2 (June 2005): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146145290500700204.
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‘Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone, nine for Mortal Men doomed to die, one for the Dark Lord on his dark throne in the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie. One Ring to rule them all, one Ring to find them, one Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them'
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d’Aspremont, Jean. "Three international lawyers in a hall of mirrors." Leiden Journal of International Law 32, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156519000190.
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AbstractThis article uses the metaphor of the hall of mirrors to produce three distinct images of the international lawyer. The hall of mirrors refers here to the extent to which international legal discourses are built on self-referential mechanisms tantamount to mutually reflecting mirrors, by virtue of which movements and postures are reproduced ad infinitum without disclosing the origin thereof. According to the first image produced by virtue of the metaphor, the international lawyer feels invincible and fully makes use of the hall of mirrors to allow international legal discourses to obscure their origins and thrive in foundationlessness. The second image depicts a vulnerable international lawyer who is deprived of self-referential mechanisms for the production of international legal discourses because the mirrors have been shattered or the light turned off or simply because she has closed her eyes. The third image is that of a self-reflective international lawyer who is neither invincible nor vulnerable but consciously standing between the mutually reflecting mirrors wearing fissured spectacles and with no intention to smash the mirror, turn off the light or close her eyes. By developing these three distinct images, this article sheds light on how the contingency of legal doctrines, modes of legal reasoning and legal categories is experienced by international lawyers.
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Gorzelik, Jerzy. "Alegorie Polski w gmachach publicznych i kościołach województwa śląskiego na wybranych przykładach (1922-1939)." Artifex Novus, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.7828.
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Utworzenie autonomicznego województwa śląskiego w ramach polskiego państwa narodowego oraz diecezji katowickiej wiązało się z reorganizacją systemu władzy, w którym poczesne miejsce zajęły grupy polsko-śląskich duchownych oraz urzędników i świeckiej inteligencji. Ich wzajemna rywalizacja oraz wspólne dążenie do nacjonalizacji Górnoślązaków w duchu polskim inspirowały dwa odmienne, choć spokrewnione dyskursy, w których wykorzystywano środki obrazowe. Wśród nich znaczącą rolę odgrywały alegoryczne wizualizacje Polski, zakorzenione w tradycjach sztuki polskiej przełomu XIX/XX wieku. W wystrojach gmachów Sejmu Śląskiego i Śląskiego Urzędu Wojewódzkiego oraz starostwa powiatowego w Katowicach zastosowano motyw Polonia Triumphans. W pierwszym z przypadków rzeźbiarz Jan Raszka nadał personifikacji wczesnośredniowieczną stylizację, nawiązującą do piastowskiego „złotego wieku”, a u jej tronu umieścił asystę w osobach hutnika i górnika, stylizowanych na kresowych rycerzy. Inna z płaskorzeźb przedstawia Polonię jako Nike i Wolność prowadzącą do boju powstańca śląskiego, zobrazowanego jako hutnik z młotem, oraz żołnierza walczącego z Czechami o Śląsk Cieszyński. Wątek zbrojnej walki o granice pojawia się także w malowidłach Felicjana Szczęsnego Kowarskiego w budynku starostwa, gdzie ukazaną w postaci greckiej heroiny Polonię z mieczem i tarczą flankują postaci śląskich herosów – całość programu ma jawnie rewizjonistyczną wymowę.
Wyraźnie większe bogactwo wątków prezentuje zespół trzech obrazów Józefa Unierzyskiego, zamówionych do kościoła mariackiego w Katowicach. Ich centralną postacią jest Maria Królowa Korony Polskiej, przybierająca cechy Polonii Triumphans. Fundamentem łączności Górnego Śląska z Polską jest tu wspólna katolicka wiara. Górnośląski lud pod przywództwem bliskich mu kapłanów włącza się u stóp Madonny w nurt polskiej historii, określony dziejową misją przedmurza chrześcijaństwa, wnosząc jako wiano żywą religijność i pracowitość. Na zlecenie proboszcza ks. Emila Szramka malarz zaprezentował zrastanie się z polskością jako naturalny i obustronnie korzystny proces.
The creation of the autonomous Silesian voivodeship within the borders of the Polish nation state and of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Katowice meant a profound change in the distribution of power, the groups of Polish-Silesian clergy and Polish bureaucrats, as well as secular intelligentsia gaining increasingly in importance. Their rivalry and common effort to polonize Upper Silesians inspired two different, although interrelated discourses, visual means being involved in both of them. Among the motives, implemented in the propaganda, allegorical depictions of Poland - rooted in the traditions of the Polish art of the turn of the twentieth century – played a significant role. In the decorations of the edifices of Silesian Sejm and Silesian Voivodeship Office and of the county authorities they were shaped as the personification of Polonia Triumphans. In the former case the sculptor Jan Raszka represented the allegory as an early medieval figure, reminding of a „golden age” of the Piast dynasty, seated on the throne and accompanied by a coal miner and a foundry-worker, stylized as borderland knights. In another bas-relief Polonia was depicted as Victory and Liberty leading into battle a Polish-Silesian insurgent, rendered as a foundry-worker with a hammer in his hands, and a soldier, fighting against Czechs for Teschen Silesia. The strand of military fighting over disputed territories occurs also in the paintings by Felicjan Szczęsny Kowarski in the Katowice County Hall, where Polonia, depicted as a Greek heroine with a sword and a shield, is accompanied by Silesian heroes and the meaning of the decoration is manifestly revisionist, advocating moving Polish border westwards.
A conspicuosly wider range of contents is reflected in a series of three paintings by Józef Unierzyski, ordered for St. Mary’s Church in Katowice. Their central figure is Mary the „Queen of the Polish Crown”, assuming the features of Polonia Triumphans. The connection between Upper Silesia and Poland is founded here on the common catholic faith. At the feet of Madonna Upper Silesian folk, led by clergy, that remains faithfull to its popular roots, and bringing its vivid religiosity and dilligence, joins the stream of the Polish history, determined by the historical mission of antemurale christianitatis,. Commissioned by the parson Emil Szramek, the painter represented the growing together of Upper Silesia and Poland as a natural and mutually profitable process.
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SORENSEN, ANNETTE, D. DONALD MUIR, and CHRISTOPHER H. KNIGHT. "Thrice-daily milking throughout lactation maintains epithelial integrity and thereby improves milk protein quality." Journal of Dairy Research 68, no. 1 (February 2001): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900004593.
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Cows managed for extended lactations of 16 months duration were milked on a half-udder basis twice or thrice daily, commencing in lactation week 9. Mammary epithelial integrity (assessed by milk sodium[ratio ]potassium ratio) was greater in the half-udder which was milked thrice daily. This difference was evident throughout the lactation but became greater after week 41. Milk protein composition was assessed during late lactation (52±3 weeks). Casein number (casein as a proportion of total protein) was significantly higher in half-udders milked thrice daily, as were the relative amounts of α- and β-caseins, whilst those of κ- and γ-caseins were reduced. Two days of inverted milking frequency (i.e. thrice-milked udder halves now milked twice, and vice versa) only partly reversed these differences. We concluded that thrice-daily milking will help to prevent or ameliorate the usual decline in milk processing quality associated with late lactation. Part of this effect is due simply to reduced exposure to proteolytic enzymes as a result of decreased storage time in the udder, but part is due to a better maintenance of epithelial tight junction integrity as lactation advances, which restricts leakage of proteolytic enzymes from serum into milk.
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Coker, Lauren. "Masquerading Early Modern Disability." Screen Bodies 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/screen.2018.030107.
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Building on Katherine Schaap Williams’s (2009) reading of the play, this article uses a disability studies approach to consider Richard Loncraine’s 1995 film adaptation of Shakespeare’s Richard III. Loncraine’s adaptation allows modern-day viewers to experience a highly visual (and often intimate) exchange with Sir Ian McKellen as Richard Gloucester. Specifically, Gloucester’s verbal claims of a disability that renders him unsuitable as a leader and a lack of sexual prowess are juxtaposed alongside sexually violent visual actions and imagery—particularly in the form of phallic symbols. The juxtaposition of verbal passivity in opposition to visual aggression demonstrates how Richard showcases or hides his disability as he pursues the throne: the first half of the film features Richard masquerading ability, while the second half features him masquerading disability.
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Srodecki, Paul. "Einige Bemerkungen zur gescheiterten Kronkandidatur Bertholds V. von Zähringen im März 1198." Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis 8 (May 7, 2022): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2015.08.04.
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Following the death of Emperor Henry VI on September 28th 1197 in Messina, Sicily, a dispute arose over the accession to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire. A large opposition to the Staufer dynasty, centred around the “kingmaker” Adolf I of Altena, the Archbishop of Cologne, refused to accept Frederick, the deceased emperor`s two-year-old son, as successor. As a result of this resistance, Philip, Henry VI’s brother and Duke of Swabia, declared his candidacy for the Roman-German throne. His election by the pro-Staufer party in Mühlhausen on March 8th 1198 finally led to his coronation in Mainz half a year later. Meanwhile, the anti-Staufer group of nobles searched for their own suitable counter-candidate. Before the election in Cologne on June 9th 1198 of Otto of Poitou, the son of the Welf Henry the Lion and the nephew of English king Richard Lionheart, Adolf of Altena looked for other alternatives. Besides Duke Bernhard of Saxony, who relinquished his candidacy fairly early on, another who took on this role was Berthold of Zähringen. The following essay will explore his candidacy.
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KOSMAN, Marceli. "Na tronie i obok tronu. O kobietach w życiu publicznym Polski przedrozbiorowej." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2011.16.2.20.
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The royal throne was a permanent element of feudal political culture, and the institution of the monarchy, albeit decidedly less significant, has survived until today, playing a primarily symbolic role in the democratic systems in Europe. The subject of the paper looks at the role of Polish rulers’ wives, as the majority of monarchs started a family, and their offspring later took the throne. This was the case of both great dynasties – the Piasts, from the mid-10th century, i.e. from the baptism of Mieszko I, and the Jagiellons (until 1572). After these dynasties ended, the period of elective kings, who were crowned with their wives, started. Over the years, at the very least, the informal role of the queens was growing. This process paved the way to women’s liberation, and, as of the end of the 18th century, it also encompassed the families of magnates and affluent gentry. A meaningful statement can be found in the poetry written by Bishop Ignacy Krasicki in the latter half of the same century, when he addressed men saying: “we rule the world, and women rule us”. The paper is only a sketch and promises a more in-depth monographic study.
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Yang, Yan Hong, and Xiang Qiang Zhong. "Second Development of Panel Furniture Based on Pro/E." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 1189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.1189.
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The parametric design and second development flow of panel furniture are analyzed based on Pro/E and modular design method. It created manage database of panel furniture based on SQL2000 and ADO technology, it analyzed synchronous development mode of Pro/TOOLKIT, menu design and DLL dynamic link library development were talked, the parametric design system of hall cabinet, bedside cabinet and wardrobe under VC ++6.0 development environment was developed. Throng example program verification, the method is feasible; it can rapidly finish panel furniture models, and improve the designer's working efficiency.
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Sela, Ron. "The “Heavenly Stone” (Kök Tash) of Samarqand: A Rebels' Narrative Transformed." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 17, no. 1 (January 2007): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186306006535.
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Travellers to the fabled city of Samarqand will not miss the opportunity to visit the tomb of Tīmūr (Tamerlane), the famous conqueror of much of Central Eurasia in the fourteenth century. In the courtyard of the Gur-i Amir, Tīmūr's mausoleum, stands a stone of greyish marble, approximately ten feet long, four feet wide and two and a half feet high, decorated with arabesques. A relic of a glorious past, this stone, known as the Kök Tash, is reputed to have served as the great coronation stone for Central Asian rulers ever since it was used as Tīmūr's throne.
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Voloshchuk, Myroslav. "The Court of Rostyslav Mykhailovych, Prince and Dominus of Machou, in Hungary (An Excerpt from a Family History between the Late 13th and Mid 14th Centuries)." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.2.42-50.
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One of the least-explored aspects of the biography of the Ruthenian Prince Rostyslav Mykhailovych, a maternal nephew of King Daniel Romanovych of Rus’, is his court in a new homeland, the Kingdom of Hungary, between 1242/43 and 1262/64. It is known from various sources that he had numerous supporters among the secular and clerical nobility not only in Hungary but also in the lands of Galicia, Chernihiv, and Bolokhov. To date, however, too little information has been obtained from historical records containing clear mention of individuals who threw in their lot with the runaway prince in the lands of King Bela IV, especially after the defeat at Yaroslav on August 17, 1245. Having verified chronicles and Hungarian charters, the author concludes that the family of Rostyslav Mykhailovych and Princess Anna might well have been related to Lev and his sons, Fedir and Stephan, who were lords of Borod Land near Mukachevo in Bereg County. These people, who must have been descended from the nobility of Chernihiv or Galicia, succeeded one another in an effort to put Prince Rostyslav himself or his second cousin Iziaslav Volodymyrovych on the Galician throne throughout the 1240s and 1250s, all to no avail. What is important is that such attempts were always timed to coincide with the Mongol threat to the lands of the Romanids, which provided the claimants to the Galician throne with additional (albeit missed) chances of success. Their loyalty to the son-in-law of the Hungarian king was rewarded by the latter’s daughter Anna (terminus ante quem 1264); she granted them lands, which were afterwards in the successive possession of the last members of the Arpad dynasty on the Hungarian throne as well as the new kings from the Anjou dynasty. Borod Land remained in the family’s possession at least until the second half of the 14th century.
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Markuszewska, Aneta. "In the Shadow of the Lost Crown. ‘Oppressed Innocence’ in the Operas Dedicated to Maria Clementina Sobieska in Rome (1720–1730)." Musicology Today 17, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/muso-2020-0001.
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Abstract As a result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, James II Stuart lost the throne of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He spent the last years of his life in France, in residence offered to his family and court by Louis XIV. Following his death in 1701, the title and claim to the throne of the three kingdoms was inherited by his son James III Stuart, who in 1719 married Maria Clementina Sobieska (1702–1735). James and his wife extended their patronage over one of Rome's major opera houses, the Teatro d’Alibert, at which 16 operas were dedicated to that couple in 1720–1730. Of those 8 that honoured Maria Clementina, 4 (half of them) deal with the topic of ‘oppressed innocence’, previously passed over by scholars studying the couple's patronage. These are: Eumene, (lib. A. Zeno, mus. N. Porpora, 1721), Adelaide, (lib. A. Salvi, mus. N. Porpora, 1723), Siroe, re di Persia, (lib. Metastasio, mus. N. Porpora, 1727), and Artaserse, (lib. Metastasio, mus. L. Vinci, 1730). This paper analyses the said operatic theme and attempts to explain why it is the dominant subject in operas dedicated to Sobieska. It also studies the political and propagandist potential which that theme could have for the Stuart cause.
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Jemielity, Witold. "Przysięga władcom Królestwa Polskiego z udziałem duchowieństwa katolickiego." Prawo Kanoniczne 45, no. 3-4 (December 20, 2002): 211–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.2002.45.3-4.08.
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There has been close relationship of the church institutions with the state ones. People prayed in churches on behalf of the current ruler of the country, especially on his birthdays, name days and anniversary of coming to the throne. However, the most significant, according to the law, was the oath taken by all the subjects together with the members of the tsar family. There were two kinds of oaths taken by tha subjects: one taken immediately after the coming to the throne of the tsar and the other, taken just before taking over state offices or for the soldiers who have just joined up the army. There existed detailed regulations as regards who, when and in what way had to fulfill it. The contens of the oath to the specific ruler was quite similar, however, after January Uprising the distinct features of the Congress Kingdom and Tsar Russia started to disappear. In the first half of the century the oath was taken in Polish, while in Augustów Guernica it was also taken in Lithuanian. In the second half of the century the people who spoke Russian took the oath in that language, as far as it concerned civil offices, however in churches it was taken in a local language. It concerned people who have just joined up the army, were appointed to the post mayor, chief of the group of villages, guards of the forests and others. The oaths were taken by the clergymen even if they took place not in the church. Immediately after the November and January Uprisings again the loyalty towards the king and tsar was expressed.
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Yakovlev, Alexander I. "The Heirs to the Saudi Throne: Emir Faisal and Emir Muhammad." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2022): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080020564-7.
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This article compares the experience of two heirs to the Saudi throne – Emir Faisal who became the king in 1964 and Emir Muhammad, current heir to the throne. Both heirs found themselves on the way to supreme power during periods of a crisis in the kingdom. The first of these crises back in the beginning of the 1960s challenged the prospects of the existence of the kingdom, the second one, in 2010s weakened the internal potential of the society and the state. In both cases their actions demonstrated the crucial role of the royal family in the political life of the kingdom. Both heirs found themselves assigned to one task: modernization of the country amidst the crisis of existing socioeconomic and political system aimed at making a transition to a stable state of affairs. This article studies the key parameters of steps taken by Emir Faisal and Emir Muhammad, outlines the main similarities of the frameworks within which they worked (socioeconomic crisis, strong dependence of country’s development on hydrocarbons), as well as the common features of their personalities (high level of education, knowledge and competence), reliance on internal (the father and a part of the royal family) and external forces (the US Administration, big Western monopolies). It also underlines the similarities of their actions on their way to the throne (rigidity and authoritarianism in decision-making, search for and consolidation of social support, policy of compromise towards different social forces, use of the experience of the predecessors). At the same time, with both emirs obviously relying on the principle of etatism/statism in domestic politics, during a half a century period of radical modernization the nature of power in the kingdom has changed. So, Emir Muhammad can no longer use those methods of absolutist ruler which were used by Emir Faisal. Both heirs faced conflicts and contradictions specific to certain time and tried to overcome them. Despite significant differences in the internal and external environments during the periods of the mid-20thcentury and the first decades of the 21st century, in the steps taken by the two heirs we can see attempts of using the Western model of industrial society as the goal of development and at the same time – willingness of using to greater or lesser extent the foundations of traditional Arabian society and to remain loyal to the ideas of the Arab unity and assert the regional leadership of Saudi Arabia in the Middle East. As a result, the breakthrough in social development made by the two heirs in both cases did not become a revolutionary break with previous experience, although it interrupted the linear continuity of development.
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Akhmedova, Nigina S., and Ali Salih Al-Yafai. "The role of Sultan Qaboos bin Said in the formation and implementation of Oman’s foreign policy." RUDN Journal of World History 14, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2022-14-2-189-196.
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The article analyzes the role of Sultan Qaboos bin Said in the development and implementation of Omans foreign policy strategy. Having come to power in 1970 and remained on the throne for almost half a century, this wise and far-sighted ruler not only brought his country out of poverty and backwardness, but also turned it into one of the most successful and stable states in the Middle East. His foreign policy was aimed at enhancing the international prestige of the Sultanate and strengthening its influence in the region. The Omani diplomatic school, founded by Qaboos bin Said and based on political pragmatism and realism, moderate openness, caution and flexibility, demonstrates its effectiveness and professionalism.
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Dokuchaeva, E. E. "“GIFTED” DOVES IN THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCHES OF THE FIRST HALF XIX CENTURY." EurasianUnionScientists 6, no. 4(73) (May 12, 2020): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.6.73.690.
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The purpose of this article is to describe examples of usage in the first half of the XIX century in Russian churches, the Shrine in the form of a dove – one of the earliest types of liturgical vessels in Christian worship and to determine in what cases the Synodal period of the Russian Christian Church appeal to this form. Based on the cultural and historical method, the article examines the sources and provides preserved information about such tabernacles in ancient times, as well as describes the use of tabernacles in the form of a dove in the design of thrones in Christian churches in the first half of the XIX century. The study concluded that the tabernacle in the form of a dove at that time was perceived as archaic liturgical utensils and used it in cases when it was necessary clearly to Express the idea of a conscious reference to ancient national traditions in Christian rituals or to demonstrate the political continuity of the ruling dynasty.
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YunHong, TAN, LI JIANWU, and YIN JIANTAO. "Oreocharis tsaii, a new species of Gesneriaceae from southern Yunnan, China." Phytotaxa 195, no. 2 (January 23, 2015): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.195.2.9.
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Oreocharis tsaii, a new species of Gesneriaceae from southern Yunnan, China, is here described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to O. hirsuta and O. aurea, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by its smaller cordate to ovate leaves; cymes with 1–5 flowers, corolla tube narrowing gradually from base to throat, constricted at the throat, corolla lobes mostly more than half as long as the tube; filaments sparsely glandular-pubescent and pilose, style sparsely glandular-pubescent.
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Butler, M. B., A. Nason, L. Patrick, S. MacDonald, A. X. Dong, W. McIsaac, D. Smith, and J. Gillis. "LO069: Current management of pharyngitis in the emergency department: a retrospective multicenter observational study." CJEM 18, S1 (May 2016): S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.106.
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Introduction: Pharyngitis is a common presenting complaint at the emergency department (ED). Historically, acute pharyngitis has been overdiagnosed as the result of a bacterial etiology, leading to over-prescription of antibiotics, and overuse of throat culturing. This study attempts to quantify the current management of acute pharyngitis in the ED, and compare to the theoretical management using a modified Centor score. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of 1640 patients who presented to four EDs in the central zone of the Nova Scotia Health Authority that received a diagnosis of pharyngitis, bacterial pharyngitis or tonsillitis. The primary outcome was the observed rate of each diagnosis in the study population, the rate of antibiotic prescription, and the rate of throat swab cultures performed. The secondary outcomes were the rate of antibiotics and throat swabs ordered using a modified Centor score. Antibiotics as first-line treatment were indicated if the Centor score was three or greater, and throat cultures were indicated if the Centor score was two or greater. Results: A total of 1596 patients were included in the analysis. Antibiotics were given in 893 patients (0.559; 95% CI: {0.535, 0.584}). Cultures were sent on 863 patients (0.541 CI: {0.516, 0.565}). Using the modified Centor thresholds, we would have prescribed antibiotics as the first-line treatment in 77 cases (0.048 CI: {0.038, 0.060}), potentially saving 786 prescriptions, and ordered throat swabs on 502 patients (0.315, CI: {0.292, 0.338}), saving 361 cultures. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was penicillin, and the least prescribed was metronidazole. Conclusion: Over half of patients that present with acute pharyngitis receive an antibiotic, and over half have a throat swab culture performed. Utilizing a modified Centor score would result in decreased antibiotic prescription rate, and a diminished rate of throat cultures. Incorporation of these Centor criteria could result in diminished antibiotic prescription rates for acute pharyngitis in the ED.
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Gerd, Lora. "Towards the Arab National Renaissance: the Struggle for the Throne of Antioch in the 2nd Half of the 19th Century and Russia." ISTORIYA 12, no. 5 (103) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015706-5.
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The article is focused on little known pages of the Russian support to the Arabic church and national movement during the last decades of the 19th century. Supporting the Arab Orthodox population of Syria and Lebanon was an important part of the Russian policy in the Near East. The attempt to convert part of the Melkites to Orthodoxy in the 1860-s was not successful, but already in 1869 the Russian Consul in Beirut managed to ensure the election of a pro-Russian Arab Gabriel Shatila as Metropolitan of Beirut. After few failures of the Arabic candidates in the struggle for the Patriarchal see, in 1899, despite the opposition of the French diplomatic representatives (who supported the candidates of the Holy Sepulcher brotherhood), the Russians achieved the enthronement of Patriarch Melety Dumani. The newly discovered archive materials show the details of these events and contribute to their understanding in the course of the French-Russian confrontation in the region.
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Kim, Eun-Jung. "Founding of the Ritual “Senso” and the Statement of Concession in Ancient Japan: How the emperor Kanmu succeeded to the throne." Korea Association of World History and Culture 61 (December 30, 2021): 65–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32961/jwhc.2021.12.61.65.
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The rituals of inheritance had been operated in order to announce eligibility and ability of the successor toward servants and people. There were three rhetoric which had been adopted in the former half of 8th century when the Ritu-ryo system was established in Japan for proving the successor’s qualifications, the myth which indicated (s)he was an offspring of the divine who originated everything, the protocol the emperor Tenji created named “Fukaijyoten” and the predecessor’s will. In the latter half of 8th century, the last one became the most significant. Additionally, new ritual named “Senso” that the predecessor handed three gallerias which symbolized the kingship to the successor at the palace Daigokuden appeared in 781 when the prince Yamabe succeed to the throne and became the emperor Kanmu.
It has generally been said that Yamabe’s father the emperor Konin attempted to appeal new dynasty started from then initiating new ritual. On the other hand, traditional rhetoric, the predecessor’s will which was indicated in his statement Senmyo also was essential for them. This paper evaluates this coexistence might indicate nature of Japanese ancient kingship. The emperor Konin’s offspring could not ignore continuity, relationship with ancestors when they aimed at revealing their newness.(Chungnam National University)
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Sharmila, Colette, and Dr A. JosephineAlangara Betsy. "THROE OF BEING STOLEN IN DORIS PILKINGTON’S CAPRICE - THE STOCKMAN’S DAUGHTER." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v6i10.5104.
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The British controlled dominated and exploited the indigenous population in the process of colonizing Australia in the late Eighteenth Century. They appropriated the aborigines’ land, resources and wealth: they also left psychic scars of stealing their children from the indigenous families under the guise of civilization. Colonial Governments saw Aboriginals not as people who had been colonized but as heathens to be converted and institutionalized. The ‘Assimilation Policy’ as it was called advocated in all the states of Australia in order to remove the half caste aboriginal children. This paper will foreground on the psychic scars of the Stolen Generation writer Doris Pilkington’s novel Caprice - The Stockman’s Daughters. Further this paper will discuss and analyse the fear, persecution, angst desolation and the pain felt by the stolen children and their families in the novel Caprice - The Stockman’s Daughter.
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Flikop-Svita, Halina Aljaksandrawna. "«Local altars» ― a unique phenomenon of the Greek-Catholic church in Belarus (late 17th – early 19th centuries)." Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, no. 2 (28) (2020): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2020.210.
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The article discusses the unique cultural and religious phenomenon which was formed and existed for about a century and a half in the Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church of the Rzeczpospolita — altars, included in the iconostasis. To denote these sacred objects in the Uniate records of the 18th century, as it became known from numerous researched historical documents, the Polish-language term «ołtarze namiesne» («local altars») was used. «Local altars» was created with the setting of the throne to the icons of the local (lower) rank of the iconostasis — hence the name. Their occurrence is related to the adoption of Uniate religious practices, which was originally preserved in the Eastern Christian rites, the Western-Christian traditions. «Local altars» is an alternative to the traditional Catholicism of the side wall of the altars. In liturgical practice they were used with the same purpose — they can serve custom-made mass, but in manufacturing it was more simple and budget method: it was necessary only to put the throne to the iconostasis under the local icon. With time, formed a way of creating iconostases originally included in them aedicules — architecturally designed niches for local icons, which visually resembled the traditional architectural retablo altars. With the abolition of the Uniate Church in 1839 temples were converted to Orthodoxy, and all attributes of Catholicism were dismantled. Up to the present time on the territory of Belarus has no surviving full «local altar» with the throne. The study was conducted on the basis of historical documents of the late 17th – early 19th centuries with descriptions of nearly two thousand parish, branch, monastery and Cathedral Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus. It was found that by 1676 the practice of using «local altars» already existed, as evidenced by the revealed date of creation of the only preserved in Belarus, Uniate iconostasis with aedicules from the Church of Assumption monastery in Zhirovichi village, Slonim district of Grodno region. Thus, the «local altars» to the last quarter of the 17th century became the Uniate practice, where it was used until the early 19th century. Due to the complete loss of the artifacts to date, this sacred phenomenon in the Greek-Catholic churches in Belarus was not known.
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Zocca, M., A. Spinelli, F. Cozzi, and A. Guardone. "Influence of a recessed step at the throat section of a supersonic nozzle." Aeronautical Journal 122, no. 1251 (February 20, 2018): 715–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.5.
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ABSTRACTThe geometry of a planar converging-diverging nozzle operating with dry air in dilute gas conditions is modified by the introduction of a small recessed step at the throat section. Pressure measurements along the nozzle axis, schlieren visualisations and numerical simulations are performed to investigate the influence of the recessed step on the supersonic flow-field. In the experiments, the height of the recessed step is 0.1 mm and the nozzle height at the throat is 10 mm. Numerical simulations examine also 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm step heights. From the numerical simulations, the flow Mach number at the step location is 1.04 and the Reynolds number computed using the sonic conditions and the throat half-height is Re = 3.73 × 105. A perturbation wave pattern originates from the step, which results in a perturbation of the measured pressure profile close to the throat section. In the diverging portion, sufficiently far from the throat section, the pressure profile of the recessed-step nozzle matches the one measured in the clean configuration.
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Harris, E. Kay. "Turning Adam's Disobedience into Opportunity: The Acquisition of Property and Identity in Sir John Fortescue's Theory of Natural Law." Florilegium 17, no. 1 (January 2000): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/flor.17.015.
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Waged by Lancastrian and Yorkist dynasties in the second half of the fifteenth century the English civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses counterposed two royal lines of succession. Through a statute enacted decades before the outbreak of civil strife, Henry IV, the first Lancastrian king, sought to guarantee the English throne for his heirs. This 1406 statute "ordained and established, That the inheritance of the Crown, and of the Realms of England and France, and of all other Dominions of our Lord the King beyond the Sea, with all the Appurtenances, shall be settled and remain in the Person of the same our Lord the King, and in the Heirs of his Body begotten...." The statute was eventually challenged during the reign of Henry VI, the grandson of Henry IV.
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Barlow, Frank. "John of Salisbury and His Brothers." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 46, no. 1 (January 1995): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900012562.
Full textAbstract:
The church of Exeter, although geographically remote from the centres of royal and ecclesiastical power in England, was in the twelfth century in no way isolated. The rule of the important royal clerk and ambassador, William de Warelwast (1107–37), destroyed its provincialism and much of its archaism; and in the second half of the century a connection with the church of Salisbury led to the influx of some interesting men. It may be that the intimate relationship with Canterbury, inaugurated by the election of Bartholomew, Archbishop Theobald'sformer clerk, to Exeter in 1161, and repaid by the final location of the Exeter clerk Baldwin on the primatial throne in 1184, was the more rewarding for both. But the seemingly largely one-way contribution of Salisbury to Exeter is just as interesting.
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Andrejić, Živojin. "The Diocese of Moravska: The later Diocese of Braničevo and the newly-found seal of Nikola, The Bishop of Moravska, from Svrljig." Sabornost, no. 16 (2022): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sabornost2216127a.
Full textAbstract:
The bilingual inscription on the reverse of the seal of Nikola, the bishop of Moravska, recently found in a medieval suburb of Svrljig, was read and its content and representation of Saint Nicholas on the obverse were analysed in the paper. This resulted in new and important facts about the Serbian Principality of Morava and its diocese which was renamed in 1020. The Byzantine conquest led to addressing the "tema" of Morava, renaming of the diocese and transferring the throne from the town of Morava to the town of Braničevo. Consequently, it was concluded in the paper that this seal had been on Bishop Nikola's letter sent to a fellow monk from Svrljig in the second half of the 10th century or at the beginning of the 11th century.
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Volhonskiy, M. A. "Conquest or voluntary annexation? The political process of incorporation of Kartli-Kakheti on Kingdom into the Russian Empire, 1796 – 1801." Journal of International Analytics, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2017-0-4-72-84.
Full textAbstract:
The article highlights the political process of accession in 1801, KartliKakheti to the Russian Empire, which was the result of the development of RussianGeorgian relations in the second half of the XVIII century, the article shows that the military-political weakness of the Georgian Kingdom became the main reason for the failure of the prisoner in 1783 the Treaty of Georgievsk, according to which Russia took under its protectorate of Eastern Georgia. Awareness of this fact has forced both Georgian and Russian ruling upper classes to begin to seek new forms of allied relations. Ensuing after the death of king Irakli II between representatives of the Royal family fight for throne significantly weakened the Georgian Kingdom. In the face of external threats from Iran, the only way to keep Eastern Georgia from ruin was its accession to Russia.
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Streikus, Arūnas. "Between the Vatican and Moscow: The Lithuanian Imprint on the Death Throes of the Soviet Union (1979–1989)." Church History 91, no. 1 (March 2022): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000964072200066x.
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AbstractBy introducing different types of sources—published documents on Vatican's Eastern policy, archival material of the Soviet governmental agencies, egodocuments of local ecclesiastical leaders—this article tries to identify the role Lithuanian subjects have played in the field of Vatican-USSR relations during the first half of Pope John Paul II's pontificate. The research reveals that, since the end of 1970s, issues pertaining to the Lithuanian Catholic Church were considered priority agenda items—both within the halls of the Vatican and in the central government offices of the Soviet regime. An analysis of available sources illustrates also that interrelated issues of the boundaries of the Vilnius Archdiocese and the question of its further administration constituted the most acute node of issues during the period under review. The Soviet regime was the most interested in focusing on these issues, as it hoped thereby to dispel any mutual sympathies between Lithuanian Catholics and the Polish pope, put a stop to the emerging cooperation between Catholics in Lithuania and Poland, and bring an end to the politically costly case of Bishop Steponavičius, who by then had become a symbol of the Lithuanian Catholic Church's resistance. Suppressing of any attempts of the Holy See to be represented at commemoration of important events in Lithuania's history was yet another highly complicated task for the Soviet authorities.
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Dewhurst, R. J., and C. H. Knight. "Relationship between milk storage characteristics and the short-term response of dairy cows to thrice-daily milking." Animal Production 58, no. 2 (April 1994): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135772980004248x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTwenty lactating dairy cows were used to investigate the relationship between the site of milk storage in the udder and the short-term response to thrice-daily milking. Cisternal and alveolar milk volumes were measured 8 h after an ordinary morning milking by catheter drainage and machine milking with oxytocin respectively. The response to thrice-daily milking was assessed using a half-udder technique and the relative milk yields quotient (RMYQ). Over the first 7 days, both halves were milked twice daily (8/16 h intervals) and milk yields over the final 4 days of this period were higher for left fore/right hind (LF/RH) (12·4 (s.e. 0·85) kg/day) than for RF/LH (10·5 (s.e. 0·63) kg/day) which was milked after LF/RH throughout the experiment. Over the following week, LF/RH quarters were milked an additional time (8/8/8 h intervals) and yields over the final 4 days were increased (15•7 (s.e. 0·95) kg/day) compared with control quarters (9·8 (s.e. 0·73) kg/day). In a final 4-day period, animals were milked twice daily and half udder yields were 13·1 (s.e. 0·89) kg/day and 10•6 (s.e. 0·77) kg/day respectively. Differences between yields from the two halves of the udders were highly significant in all 3 weeks of the experiment (P < 0·001). Cistern milk yield as a proportion of total milk yield at 8 h (cistern proportion) averaged 0·170 (s.e. = 0·0275; range 0·020 to 0·334) and tended to be greater for multiparous (0·215, s.e. 0·0279) than for primiparous animals (0·118, s.e. 0·0437; P = 0·076). During the periods of twice-daily milking, the proportion of milk yielded from LF/RH quarters was not significantly related to cistern proportion (P = 0·70 and 0·43 for weeks 1 and 3 respectively). However the response to thrice-daily milking, assessed as RMYQ, was significantly related to cistern proportion both when changing up to, and down from, thrice-daily milking (P < 0·01). Animals with low cistern proportions showed larger responses to thrice-daily milking. There was a significant relationship (P < 0·05) between the responses on changing up to, and down from, thrice-daily milking. Primiparous animals tended to exhibit smaller declines on returning to twice-daily milking than multiparous animals with equivalent responses to thrice-daily milking.
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Behan, Adam. "Glenn Gould in six scenes." Quodlibet. Revista de Especialización Musical, no. 76 (December 17, 2021): 54–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/quodlibet.2021.76.1400.
Full textAbstract:
Glenn Gould’s legacy revolves around his retirement from the concert hall in 1964. Studies of his artistry often reflect on that by following a particular impulse: to seek out the rational underpinnings of this decision and to explain them in terms of a larger technological or aesthetic vision. Drawing in particular on the work of Virginia Held and Sara Ahmed, this article conceptualises Gould’s abandonment of the concert hall as an act of self-care, a mechanism for coping with the increasingly intrusive and exploitative celebrity musical culture into which he was catapulted as a young musician. Thus, this article frames Gould’s self-care in terms of six overlapping scenes, as he performed in the concert hall and recording studio, in interviews and essays, and in front of the camera as photographic subject and television actor, culminating with a case study based on an excerpt from Bruno Monsaingeon’s documentary Glenn Gould: The Alchemist. The study concludes by suggesting that Gould’s artistic choices (and achievements) had much more to do with cultivating caring relations that allowed him to thrive than they did with an individual pursuit of a grand musical philosophy.
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Gruen, Erich Stephen. "The Coronation of the Diadochi." Karanos. Bulletin of Ancient Macedonian Studies 1 (November 8, 2018): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/karanos.8.
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The year 310 B.C. witnessed the extinction of the Argead line. Cassander had ordered the murder of Young Alexander IV and his mother Roxane, widow of Alexander the Great. The kingdom of Macedonia was now without a king. Cassander’s deed cleared the way for the ambitious dynasts who controlled the armies and lands of the eastern Mediterranean. Yet no one stepped forth to claim the crown. The throne lay vacant for four years. In 306 the situation changed in dramatic fashion. Antigonus Monophthalmus took the title of King, and a chain reaction followed. Within a short span of time, Ptolemy, Seleucus, Lysimachus, and Cassander all acquired the same title. The Hellenistic world which had had no monarch for half a decade suddenly had a plethora of them. But what kind of monarchy, how viewed and how justified? The matter is important. It helped give shape to the age of Alexander’s Successors.
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Velykyy, Atanasiy. "Brest union in its universe." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 81-82 (December 13, 2016): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2017.81-82.741.
Full textAbstract:
The Brest Union is a church-historical event in 1596 and on this basis established an understanding between the Ukrainian-Belorussian Orthodox Church and the Roman Throne: the recognition of the Roman Pope as the head of the Church with all the conclusions of this confession in matters of faith, morals and church administration (as defined by the Florentine Cathedral in 1439 .), with the preservation of administrative, ritual, disciplinary and, in general, ecclesiastical and cultural autonomy within the framework of the Kyiv Metropolitanate. The Turkish captivity of the Constantinople Patriarchate (1453), the complicated cases of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, the dislocation of its internal discipline, the creation of the Moscow Patriarchate (1596), which encroached on the whole of the European East, the Protestant influences and polonization of the upper classes of Ukraine caused the Ukrainian Church in the 2nd half of the XVI century century of deep crisis.
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Stolička, Ondřej. "Different German Perspectives on Spanish Politics in the 1670s: The Reaction of Vienna and Berlin on the Coup of Juan José de Austria in the Year 1677." Journal of Early Modern History 23, no. 4 (August 20, 2019): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-00002638.
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Abstract The past thirty years has brought an important change into the scholarship of the period of the last Habsburgs on the Spanish throne. Named after the book by Christopher Storrs, the long-term paradigm of the decline of the Spanish monarchy in the last half of the seventeenth century has been reestablished, however, the research of the relationships between the Spanish Habsburgs and Central Europe in the last quarter of the seventeenth century has yet to be to be considered. This study presents a more complex perception of the coup led by Juan José of Austria in the year 1677 and discovers an important perception of the situation from the point of view of the Emperor Leopold I and the Elector of Brandenburg Frederick William. The new Spanish government, as well, enacted shifts in their politics which could endanger their positions, however both accepted the new situation differently.
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Xu, Kai, Wei Wei, Yin Chen, Haitao Tian, Sai Xu, and Jianchao Cai. "A Pore Network Approach to Study Throat Size Effect on the Permeability of Reconstructed Porous Media." Water 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14010077.
Full textAbstract:
Permeability is usually considered to be related to porosity. However, rocks with the same porosity may have different permeabilities in some cases, because of the variations in pore and throat size and pore space connectivity. It is vitally important to understand the effect of throat size on the transport property. In this work, five sets of regular pore network models and six core-based models are employed to study the effect of throat size on permeability. Four kinds of random distributions, i.e., uniform, normal, Weibull, and log normal, are utilized to generate random pore size. Pore coordination number is set to be two and six for the verification of the effect of connectivity on permeability. Then, single-phase flow simulation is conducted based on the constructed pore network models. The simulation results show that permeability decreases significantly when only one of the nine throats reduces to half size in terms of diameter. The influence of pore coordination number on permeability is not obvious compared to that of small throat size. This study indicates that small throats play an extremely important role in determining permeability.
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Meadowcroft, Tim. ""One Like a Son of Man" in the Court of the Foreign King: Daniel 7 as Pointer to Wise Participation in the Divine Life." Journal of Theological Interpretation 10, no. 2 (2016): 245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26373916.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT It is a commonplace of Danielic interpretation that ch. 7 functions as a literary hinge in the book of Daniel in that it affects the reading both of the court tales and of the visions. This article proposes that Dan 7, and particularly the figure of the one like a son of man, may also be interpreted as programmatic for a theological appreciation of the court tales in Dan 1–6. The central point of ch. 7 is the vision of the one like a son of man in the throne room of the Ancient of Days, a vision that is then interpreted in terms of its significance for "the holy ones," who emerge in the second half of ch. 7. The interplay between the one like a son of man and the holy ones reflects a dynamic of participation on the part of the holy ones in the divine life. I explore this dynamic further by looking at the gospel iteration of the Son of Man, other biblical strands of the theme of participation, resulting understandings of the theological doctrine of the incarnation as both "deification" and "inhominization," and the ethical significance of participation in the divine life. In the wider context of the Daniel tales, a theological understanding of the wise contextualization of their faith on the part of the young men at court may now be guided by the programmatic theme of participation in the divine life that emerges in Dan 7. The outcome is an appreciation of the role of the holy ones as participants with the one like a son of man in the throne room scene, from whence they exercise wisdom in the routine conduct of the life of faith. Their conduct arises out of their participation. And their stories become part of our own ethical participation in the divine life.
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Meadowcroft, Tim. ""One Like a Son of Man" in the Court of the Foreign King: Daniel 7 as Pointer to Wise Participation in the Divine Life." Journal of Theological Interpretation 10, no. 2 (2016): 245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jtheointe.10.2.0245.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT It is a commonplace of Danielic interpretation that ch. 7 functions as a literary hinge in the book of Daniel in that it affects the reading both of the court tales and of the visions. This article proposes that Dan 7, and particularly the figure of the one like a son of man, may also be interpreted as programmatic for a theological appreciation of the court tales in Dan 1–6. The central point of ch. 7 is the vision of the one like a son of man in the throne room of the Ancient of Days, a vision that is then interpreted in terms of its significance for "the holy ones," who emerge in the second half of ch. 7. The interplay between the one like a son of man and the holy ones reflects a dynamic of participation on the part of the holy ones in the divine life. I explore this dynamic further by looking at the gospel iteration of the Son of Man, other biblical strands of the theme of participation, resulting understandings of the theological doctrine of the incarnation as both "deification" and "inhominization," and the ethical significance of participation in the divine life. In the wider context of the Daniel tales, a theological understanding of the wise contextualization of their faith on the part of the young men at court may now be guided by the programmatic theme of participation in the divine life that emerges in Dan 7. The outcome is an appreciation of the role of the holy ones as participants with the one like a son of man in the throne room scene, from whence they exercise wisdom in the routine conduct of the life of faith. Their conduct arises out of their participation. And their stories become part of our own ethical participation in the divine life.