Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Three-Body Effects'
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Tombazis, Nicholas. "Effects of three-dimensional disturbances on bluff body near wakes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/61139.
Full textWang, Liping, and lwang@it swin edu au. "Three-body effects on the phase behaviour of noble gases from molecular simulation." Swinburne University of Technology. Centre for Molecular Simulation, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060608.145124.
Full textHunt, Linda Schmehl. "The Effects of Three Exercise Intensity Levels, Progression Through an Aerobic Exercise Session, and Body Position on Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Elderly /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487929745336901.
Full textSmart, Tracey Irene 1978. "Effects of body size and particle size on feeding rates and morphology of the larvae of three congeneric barnacles (class cirripedia : genus balanus)." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9239.
Full textRendek, Marek. "Analýza silových účinků v tříbodovém závěsu na výstupní parametry traktoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378510.
Full textNorman, Kristina. "Effects of a three-month intervention with protein and energy rich supplements on body composition, muscle function and quality of life in malnourished patients with nonneoplastic gastrointestinal disease : a randomised controlled trial /." Tönning ; Lübeck Marburg : Der Andere Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015675745&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textVautier, Mana P. Sinclair Andrew J. "Effect of coordinate switching on simulation accuracy of translunar trajectories." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Aerospace_Engineering/Thesis/Vautier_Mana_34.pdf.
Full textComparin, Tommaso. "From few-body atomic physics to many-body statistical physics : the unitary Bose gas and the three-body hard-core model." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE042/document.
Full textUltracold atomic gases offer unprecedented possibilities to realize and manipulate quantum systems. The control on interparticle interactions allows to reach the strongly-interacting regime, with both fermionic and bosonic atomic species. In the unitary limit, where the interaction strength is at its maximum, universal properties emerge. For bosonic atoms, these include the Efimov effect, the surprising existence of an infinite sequence of three-body bound states. In this thesis, we have studied a system of unitary bosons. Starting from the two- and three-body cases, we have shown that the chosen model correctly captures the universal features of the Efimov effect. For the corresponding many-body problem, we have developed a quantum Monte Carlo algorithm capable of realizing the different thermodynamic phases in which the system may exist: The high-temperature normal gas, Bose-Einstein condensate, and Efimov liquid. A single ingredient of our model would remain relevant in the infinite-temperature limit, namely the three-body hard-core repulsion, which constitutes a generalization of the classical hard-sphere potential. For this model, we have proposed a solution to the two- and three-dimensional packing problem, based on an analytical ansatz and on the simulated-annealing technique. Extending these results to finite pressure showed that the system has a discontinuous melting transition, which we identified through the Monte Carlo method
Wang, Yujun. "Universal Efimov physics in three- and four-body collisions." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4315.
Full textDepartment of Physics
Brett D. Esry
The Efimov effect plays a central role in few-body systems at ultracold temperature and has thus accelerated a lot of studies on its manifestation in the collisional stability of the quantum degenerate gases. Near broad Feshbach resonances, Efimov physics has been studied both theoretically and experimentally through the zero-energy scattering observables. We have extended the theoretical studies of Efimov physics to a much broader extent. In particular, we have investigated the three-body Efimov physics near narrow Feshbach resonances and have also identified the Efimov features beyond the zero temperature limit. We have found, near a narrow Feshbach resonance, the non-trivial contribution from both of the resonance width and the short-range physics to the three-body recombination and vibrational dimer relaxation. Remarkably, the collisional stability of the Feshbach molecules are found to be opposite to that near the broad resonances: an increased stability for molecules made by bosons and a decreased stability for those made by fermions. The universal physics observed near the narrow Feshbach resonances is further found not to be limited to the zero temperature observables. We have found that the general features of Efimov physics and those pertaining to a narrow resonance are manifested in different energy ranges above zero temperature. This opens the opportunity to observe Efimov physics by changing the collisional energy while keeping the atomic interaction fixed. The landscape of the universal Efimov physics is thus delineated in both of the interaction and the energy domain. We have also investigated Efimov physics in heteronuclear four-body systems where the complexity can be reduced by approximations. In particular, we have proposed ways for controllable production of the Efimov tri-atomic molecules by three-body or four-body recombinations involving four atoms. We have also confirmed the existence of four-body Efimov effect in a system of three heavy particles and one light particle, which has resolved a decade-long controversy on this topic. Finally, we have studied the collisional properties of four identical bosons in 1D, which is important to the experiments on the quantum gases confined in the 1D optical lattices.
Pedersen, Helle Anette. "Étude de la diffraction tridimensionnelle des ondes sismiques dans des structures à géométrie bidimensionnelle : développement théorique et applications." Grenoble 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10212.
Full textRosales, de Cáceres José J. "On the effect of the Sun's gravity around the Earth-Moon L1 and L2 libration points." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670809.
Full textEn aquesta tesi explorem alguns aspectes de la dinàmica al voltant dels punts L1 i L2 Terra-Lluna en el context de dos problemes restringits de quatre cossos: el problema bicircular (PBC) i el problema quasi-circular (PQBC). Tant el PBC com el PQBC modelen la dinàmica d’una partícula sense massa que es mou sota la influència del Sol, la Terra i la Lluna. Tot i que aquests dos models es centren en el mateix sistema, és rellevant estudiar-los tots dos perquè el seu comportament al voltant de la L2 és qualitativament diferent. Aquests dos models es poden escriure en el formalisme hamiltonià com a pertorbacions periòdiques del problema restringit dels tres cossos (PRTC) dependents del temps. Per estudiar aquests hamiltonians, utlitzem eines numèriques adaptades a aquest tipus de models per obtenir una idea de l’espai de fases. Aquestes dues tècniques són la reducció a la variety central i el càlcul i la continuació de tors 2D. Per al PBC, l'anàlisi es centra al voltant del punt L2. Els resultats obtinguts mostren que la reducció a la varietat central i la forma normal no autònoma calculada en aquesta tesi no proporcionen informació útil sobre el moviment neutre al voltant de L2. L'enfocament adoptat es calcular famílies de tors 2D, i explorar les seves connexions i estabilitat. Com a resum d’aquest esforç, s'identifiquen un total de sis famílies de tors 2D: dues famílies d'òrbites quasi-periòdiques planes tipus Lyapunov i quatre verticals. Una de les famílies verticals s'obté per continuació directa de les òrbites Halo del PRTC. Això demostra que la família de les òrbites Halo del PRTC sobreviuen al PBC, entenent que aquesta nova família és cantoriana. També es demostra que una de les altres famílies verticals és semblant a les Halo. Per tant, els membres d’aquesta família poden ser candidats potencials per a futures missions espacials. No obstant això, aquests tors són hiperbòlics, a diferència dels que provenen directament de les Halo del PRTC, que són parcialment el·líptics. També es mostra que aquesta família de tors semblants a les Halo prové d’una família d’òrbites quasi-periòdiques del PRTC que són ressonants amb la freqüència del Sol. Per tant, aquestes famílies d’òrbites semblants a les Halo al PBC tenen els seus homòlegs al PRTC. Per al PQBC, el focus de les anàlisis es troba en els punts L1 i L2 Terra-Lluna. En aquest model, la reducció a la varietat central proporciona informació qualitativa rellevant sobre la dinàmica al voltant de L1 i L2. El principal resultat és que L1 i L2 tenen un comportament qualitatiu similar. En ambdós casos hi ha dues famílies d’òrbites quasi-periòdiques tipus Lyapunov, una plana i una vertical. També es demostra que la família plana quasi-periòdica tipus Lyapunov sobrevé una bifurcació tipus pitchfork (quasi-periòdica), donant lloc a dues famílies d’òrbites quasi periòdiques amb un component vertical. Entre ells, hi havia una família d’òrbites quasi-periòdiques tipos Lissajous, amb tres freqüències bàsiques. Qualitativament, l’espai de fase de la varietat central, tal com es construeix en aquesta tesi, s’assembla a l’espai de fase del la varietat central del PRTC al voltant de L1 i L2. Al PQBC també es continuen famílies de tors 2D invariants, tant per a L1 com per a L2. En aquests casos, es continuen les famílies planes i verticals quasi-periòdiques. Durant aquest procés es troben bifurcacions a les families d'òrbites quasi-periòdiques planes. Una conclusió d’aquest experiment numèric és que la família d’òrbites amb component vertical nascudes de la bifurcació no són les contraparts de les Halo de PRTC. Les òrbites Halo de PRTC sobreviuen en el PQBC, però no semblen estar connectades a la família plana quasi-periòdica. Finalment, i també en el context del PBC i el PQBC, es s'estudien simulacions numèriques per estudiar les transferències des d’una òrbita d’estacionària al voltant de la Terra fins a una òrbita Halo al voltant del punt L2 Terra-Lluna. La principal conclusió és que les varietats invariants de les òrbites objectiu estudiades passen molt a prop de la Terra. La rellevància d’aquest resultat és que mostra que hi ha transferències d’una maniobra des de d'una òrbita al voltat de Terra a les òrbites L2 Halo Terra-Lluna. No és així quan s’utilitza el PRTC com a model de referència. Es fan experiments tant per al BCP com per al QBCP, i en tots els casos es demostra que el cost total en termes de ∆V i temps de transferència és comparable a altres tècniques que requereixen dues o més maniobres.
Haffner, Yann. "Manipulation of Three-Dimensional Turbulent Wakes for Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Mechanics of bluff body drag reduction during trnasient near wake reversals Unsteady Coanda Effect and Drag Reduction of a Turbulent Wake Manipulation of Three-Dimensional Asymmetries of a Turbulent Wake for Drag Reduction Large-Scale Asymmetries of a Turbulent Wake: Insights and Closed-Loop Control for Drag Reduction." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0006.
Full textCombination of passive and active flow control are used to experimentally reduce the aerodynamic drag produced by the turbulent wake past a simplified vehicle geometry with a blunt base. Such wakes are characterized by two main features: important pressure drag linked to the massive flow separation, and large-scale asymmetries. The latter,manifesting as bi-modal dynamics or permanent symmetry-breaking, are shown to contribute for around 10% of the pressure drag. The study of the transient wake reversais occurring in bi-modal dynamics though symmetric states enables to isolate the flow mechanism responsible for increased drag in symmetry-breaking states. An interaction and coupling between the recirculating flow from one side and the shear-layer from opposite side peculiar to symmetry-breaking states triggers shear-layer instabilities and their amplification leading to increased flow entrainment and drag.This mechanism is shown to be characteristic of the wakes of blunt bodies.An active flow control strategy combining tangential pulsed jets along the trailing-edges and small flush-mounted curved surfaces is used to reduce the pressure drag of the geometry. The flow reattachment and separation on thecurved surfaces results in a fluidic boat-tailing of the wake leading to drag reductions up to 12%, independently of the unforced large-scale asymmetry of the wake, and is noticeably influenced by the time-scale of unsteadiness of the forcing. Careful combination between forcing time-scale and size of the curved surfaces is needed to achieve ail thepotential of this unsteady Coanda effect in drag reduction as shown from a simple flow model providing scaling laws of the phenomenon. The model provided allows for an extension of the flow control mechanism to separated flows moregenerally. Furthermore, forcing along only selected edges enables to interact with the large-scale wake asymmetries and has very different impact on the drag depending on the unforced wake equilibrium. Symmetrisation of the wake through asymmetric forcing leads to 7% drag reduction at a reduced energetic cost. Key ingredients are provided to adapt forcing strategies for drag reduction in presence of various wake asymmetries. As global wake equilibrium changes result from minor geometric and flow conditions changes, adaptive and robust flow control strategies are essential for industrial automotive applications
Chen, Yang-Yuan, and 陳暘元. "Theoretical Analysis of Three-Body Friction with Adhesion Effects." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zqarz4.
Full text國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
98
With the high precision application in areas such as micro machine and precision machine. Adhesion and friction become more and more important than inertial force between the contact surfaces and the dimensionless separation. In the micro machine and precision machine particles are often presented at contact interfaces. And these factors will affect the adhesion, friction and wear between the contact surfaces. In this paper, a three-body friction with adhesion effects model for rough surface with particles, material of surfaces and surface effects are proposed in order to understand the effects of particles, material of surface and surface effects between surfaces on contact characteristics. This work establishes a new three-body microcontact model to calculate elastic contact area, plastic contact area, elastic-plastically deformed contact area, and infers that adhesion friction, deformation friction and ratchet friction between the contact surfaces. The results show that the particle size and particle density dominates the friction value for low mean separation between rough surfaces. Beyond the critical value of mean separation, the important factor in affecting total friction value is surface friction. The critical value have the sequence for the different plasticity index: (d/σ)Ψ0.5 > (d/σ) Ψ0.7> (d/σ) Ψ1.0> (d/σ) Ψ1.5 > (d/σ) Ψ2.5. The larger the wear particle size and particle density, the higher friction value and critical separation value for precision machine and micromachine under the same operation conditions.
Shiu, Bai-Chiuan, and 徐柏銓. "Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification of Three-Body Microcontact Model with Multi-Scale and Adhesion Effects." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9p4jkz.
Full text國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
96
The development of the micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) has already come into the industrial application from the academic research gradually, more and more attention is being paid on the research in MEMS, include such many kinds of knowledge and technology as optical communication, high density storage, green energy and biomedicine. Adhesion and friction become more important than inertial force, when the volume of a micro-device is decreased. In the MEMS and precision machine, particles and liquid films are often presented at contact interfaces, these factors will affect the adhesion, friction, wear and thermal properties between the contact surfaces.In this paper, a three-body adhesion model for rough surfaces with particles and liquid films are proposed in order to understand the effects of particles and liquid films between surfaces on contact characteristics. This work establishes a new three-body contact model to calculate elastic contact area, plastic contact area, elastic-plastically deformed contact area, adhesion friction, deformation friction and ratchet friction between the contact surfaces. The second objective is manipulation AFM and NanoTest to compare date. The results show that the particle size dominates the friction value for low mean separation between rough surfaces. Beyond the critical value of mean separation, the important factor in affecting total friction value is surface friction. The critical value have the sequence for the different plasticity index: (d/σ)Ψ2.5 > (d/σ) Ψ1.5 > (d/σ) Ψ0.5. The larger the wear particle size, the higher friction value and critical separation value for three materials under the same operation conditions. Capillary force and contact force decreases with the increase in dimensionless mean separation for the same film thickness. Capillary forces ratio of nickel is larger than the materials of steel and silicon under the same roughness parameters.
Niǫ, Bernardo D. "Colony genetic structure and effects of inbreeding on body size in three populations of Reticulitermes flavipes in the southeastern U.S." 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11172008-102313/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Full textChang, Huang-Yuan, and 張晃源. "The study of applying Taguchi orthogonal array approach in comparison of effects of three elliptical trainer motion parameters on the human body." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39795928714615077259.
Full text國立中正大學
運動與休閒教育所
98
Purpose: To sieve out 9 combinations from different functions (including gradient, resistance, and step frequency) of Yowza Elliptical Trainer C8.5e (C8.5e), Smooth Agile Trainer WT100 (WT100), and Smooth Agile DMT C7.5e (C7.5e) by Taguchi orthogonal array. And to compare the effects of three elliptical trainer and three motion parameters on the human body with the raw data, signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and factor response from user’s rating of perceived exertion (RPE), physical response [oxygen uptake (V‧O2) and heart rate (HR)] in different exercise parameters combination test. Methods: 18 health male students as participants (21.56±2.64 yrs, 173.44±5.02 cm, 70.75±10.64 kg). After 10 minutes rest by sitting, participant had completed 3 elliptical trainers exercise tests (each test contain 9 combinations with 3 motion parameters, each combination proceed 4 minutes, rest 5 minutes among combinations), 24 hours separated from 3 elliptical trainers exercise tests. Using Cortex gas analysis system and Polar heart rate monitor record V‧O2 and HR. Recorded participant’s RPE at 4th minute in each test. Data progressed by One-way ANOVA to compare the difference among the effects of 3 elliptical trainers on the human body. And to compare the difference among effects of 3 elliptical trainer motion parameters on the human body by SN ratio and factor response. Result: The difference among the effects of three elliptical trainers on RPE, V‧O2, and HR were as described. WT100 was higher than C8.5e and C7.5e significantly; and C7.5e was higher than C8.5e significantly. To get smallest RPE, three elliptical motion parameters (gradient, resistance, and step frequency) should set at smallest level (15°, 83watts, 40rpm). To get highest V‧O2, and HR, three elliptical motion parameters should set at highest level (34°, 181watts, 60rpm). Resistance was the 1st effective motion parameter to RPE, V‧O2, and HR, the 2nd was step frequency, and the 3rd was gradient. Conclusion: It was an effective method to compare the difference among effects of 3 elliptical trainers and 3 elliptical trainer motion parameters on RPE, V‧O2, and HR by One-way ANOVA, SN ratio, and factor response with Taguchi orthogonal array. Through this study can figure out the benefit and characteristic of different elliptical trainers.
Wu, Yi-Shuen Mark. "Quantum three-body reaction dynamics including the geometric phase effect." Thesis, 1992. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/6673/1/Wu_y-sm_1992.pdf.
Full textAccurate quantum mechanical reactive scattering calculations within the framework of symmetrized hyper spherical coordinate techniques are presented for several processes involving collisions of an electron with a hygrogen atom and an atom with a diatomic molecule in three-dimensional space, and the collinear collision of an atom with a diatomic molecule. In addition to the interest of the processes themselves, the results are compared with previous experimental and theoretical results in such a way as to provide tests of the general usefulness of the methods used.
The general theory for the calculation of accurate differential cross sections in the reactive collision of an atom with a diatomic molecule including the geometric phase effect in three-dimensional space is described. This methodology has permitted, for the first time, the calculation of integral and differential cross sections over a significantly larger range of collision energies (up to 2.6 eV total energy) than previously possible for the system H + H_2.
We present numerical solutions of the quantum mechanical streamlines of probability current density for collinear atom-diatom reactions. It is used to study the barrier height dependence of dynamics on the C1 + HC1 reaction.
Muller, Martin. "Effect of β-HYDROXY- β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on the body-composition and muscle power output on non competitive sporting males between 19 and 24 years who performed resistance training three times a week for 8 weeks." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26209.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Physiology
unrestricted