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Journal articles on the topic 'Thought containers'
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1
Sioulas, Athanasios, Dimitrios Polymeros, Ioannis S. Papanikolaou, and Konstantinos Triantafyllou. "Accidental ingestion of plastic from takeaway containers — food for thought." Medical Journal of Australia 195, no. 10 (November 2011): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja11.10918.
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Guirgis, Marianne, Robert Nguyen, and Christopher Pokorny. "Accidental ingestion of plastic from takeaway containers — food for thought." Medical Journal of Australia 194, no. 5 (March 2011): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb02955.x.
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Basarici, Ahmet Selcuk, Tanzer Satir, and Muhammed Bamyaci. "The Effect of Ship Operator-Based Empty Container Imbalance on Container Circulation." Marine Technology Society Journal 54, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.54.4.9.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate that ship operator-based container imbalance (SOBCI) leads to empty container movement (ECM) beyond trade imbalance, which is described as additional ECM (AECM). This demonstration is supported by a feasible suggestion to overcome additional empty container circulation, critiquing the suggestion of a common container pool and initiating a further discussion to reduce AECM. Two hypotheses examining SOBCI, trade imbalance, and empty container circulation were tested for the container throughputs of Turkish ports using the Mann-Whitney U test and regression analysis. A thought experiment about how to calculate the potential amount of ECM beyond trade imbalance was conducted. Recently, a substantial amount of container accumulation beyond the trade imbalance in the terminals located in Istanbul-Kocaeli and Mersin for 20-foot containers and in Istanbul-Kocaeli and Gemlik for 40-foot containers has occurred due to SOBCI. In Turkish container terminals between 2013 and 2016, SOBCI explains 32.78% of AECM originating from the market effect. For 20-foot containers, the percentages of avoidable AECM are 30% for Istanbul-Kocaeli and 20% for Mersin. For 40-foot containers, the AECM is 50% for Mersin, 20%‐25% for Istanbul-Kocaeli and Gemlik, and 5% for Izmir-Aliaga. The concept of the market effect, its elements, SOBCI, and the magnitude of AECM arising from only the market effect (AECM-OME) were used for the empirical study. This study demonstrates the relationship between SOBCI and AECM-OME. Additionally, a unique thought experiment and its mathematical notation are presented to calculate the magnitude of AECM that has been released.
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Takabatake, Tomoyuki, Martin Mäll, Miguel Esteban, Ryota Nakamura, Thit Kyaw, Hidenori Ishii, Justin Valdez, Yuta Nishida, Fuma Noya, and Tomoya Shibayama. "Field Survey of 2018 Typhoon Jebi in Japan: Lessons for Disaster Risk Management." Geosciences 8, no. 11 (November 9, 2018): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8110412.
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Typhoon Jebi struck Japan on the 4 September 2018, damaging and inundating many coastal areas along Osaka Bay due to the high winds, a storm surge, and wind driven waves. In order to understand the various damage mechanisms, the authors conducted a field survey two days after the typhoon made landfall, measuring inundation heights and depths at several locations in Hyogo Prefecture. The survey results showed that 0.18–1.27 m inundation depths were caused by Typhoon Jebi. As parts of the survey, local residents were interviewed about the flooding, and a questionnaire survey regarding awareness of typhoons and storm surges, and their response to the typhoon was distributed. The authors also mapped the location of some of the containers that were displaced by the storm surge, aiming to provide information to validate future simulation models of container displacement. Finally, some interesting characteristics of the storm surge are summarized, such as possible overtopping at what had initially been thought to be a low risk area (Suzukaze town), and lessons learnt in terms of disaster risk management are discussed.
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Layne, Desmond R., and L. N. Peters. "Early Growth and Development of Pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] Seedlings in the Greenhouse as Influenced by Shade and Root-zone Modification." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 532E—533. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.532e.
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This experiment was designed to determine the optimal light level for growing pawpaw seedlings in the greenhouse. In addition, we wanted to determine if modifying the root-zone would positively impact pawpaw seedling growth and development. Experimental treatments were imposed from seed sowing until the plants were destructively harvested. The experimental design was a split-plot, where blocking was done by position in the greenhouse. The main plot of the experiment was shade. This was accomplished by growing seedlings under a wooden frame covered with shadecloth to reduce incident light intensity received by the plant by 30%, 55%, 80%, or 95%. The control treatment was 0% shade or ambient greenhouse light level. The split-plot was root-zone modification. Half of all growing containers were untreated (control) while the other half were painted with SpinOut™, a commercially available product used to reduce root spiraling in nursery containers. There were 40 replicate seedlings per experimental treatment combination per block. Seedling shoot length and unfolded leaf number was recorded twice a week from seedling emergence until destructive harvest. Whole-plant leaf area was also determined. Leaves, stems, and tap and lateral roots were separated and dried to determine biomass partitioned to the respective organs. Up to 55% shade did not significantly reduce whole-plant biomass, while plants at 80% and 95% shade were stunted. Shade in the greenhouse is not required as was previously thought. Specific leaf mass and lateral root mass decreased as shade increased. Neither tap or lateral root dry weights were significantly affected by root-zone modification. New recommendations for container production of pawpaws in the greenhouse will be discussed.
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Ito, Masanori, and Feifei Zhang. "Intelligent Control for Container Terminal AGV." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 2, no. 3 (June 20, 1998): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.1998.p0072.
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The world's container cargo trading is increasing daily, and the role of the container terminal is becoming more important as the center of cargo transportation. In Japan, new container terminals being constructed face very severe competition with larger, cheaper terminals so they must handle cargo more efficiently and cheaply. To cope, handling systems such as container cranes, yard cranes, and conveyers are being automated to enable unattended operation unloading and loading schedule planning, etc., are being computerized. In these system, crane automation and control computerization are already generalized, but automatic control of container conveyers is not completed yet. The container conveyer -15m long, 4m wide, and 1.5m high - picks up containers from container ships with a container crane and hauls them to the shift yard for release to the yard crane. Both crane are operated automatically, so the conveyer must stop at the desired position within a permissible error of ±7.5cm, and run on a predetermined course and speed. Collision avoidance is required because many vehicles oparate on the same course. The automated guided vehicle (AGV) system, which is diesel-driven, 4WS and 4WD, was thought to be effective, but container weights very widely, as do road conditions which depend on weather, so conventional control is not sufficient to maintain the required accuracy. We applied learning control to maintain the desired course and for stopping at the desired position. Speed was controlled, conventionally. The system's applicability was confirmed with computer simulation and vehicle performance testing. This system will be used at the Kawasaki container terminal in 1999 and we are currently working on improving performance.
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García-Nafría, Javier, Meike Baumgart, Michael Bott, Anthony J. Wilkinson, and Keith S. Wilson. "TheCorynebacterium glutamicumaconitase repressor: scratching around for crystals." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications 66, no. 9 (August 26, 2010): 1074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1744309110029015.
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Imperfections on the surfaces of crystallization containers are known to influence crystal formation and are thought to do so by helping to overcome the nucleation barrier. The intentional creation of imperfections has been widely applied to induce crystallization of small molecules, but has not been reported for protein crystallization. Here, the crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the TetR-type aconitase repressor are reported. This regulator was the first transcription factor to be identified in the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle inCorynebacterium glutamicum, an organism that is of special industrial interest and is an emerging model organism for Corynebacterineae. Successful crystallization involved introducing manual scratches on the surface of standard commercial plates, which led to a substantial improvement in crystal nucleation and quality.
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Rushing, Robert A. "Italian transnational masculinity: Jeeg Robot, Il ragazzo invisibile and MilzaMan." Journal of Italian Cinema & Media Studies 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jicms_00004_1.
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Abstract This article looks at three recent examples of superheroic masculinity in Italian film and media, arguing that it is always conceptualized transnationally, triangulated between Italy, the United States and a vague 'East'. This transnational masculinity is repeatedly coupled with fantasies and anxieties about the environment ‐ the toxic, as Mel Chen suggests, is animate, weaving in and out of containers, bodies and borders, allowing it to threaten Italian bodies (toxic waste, garbage, the 'ecomafia' of the South), and allowing us to imagine that it might bestow on those same bodies the strength, vitality and power to resist the toxic. Ultimately, these toxic and transnational male bodies may be always from elsewhere, but strangely Italian, too ‐ after all, Esposito argues that the hallmark of Italian thought is precisely a refusal of the idea of a stable and strong national identity.
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Eagan, Robert J. "Ceramics." MRS Bulletin 12, no. 7 (November 1987): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400066902.
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Until the 1980s, most people thought of ceramics as artware and artifacts. The recent development of advanced ceramics for high performance thermal insulation (space shuttle tiles), high temperature structures (heat engines), and electronics (superconductors) has dramatically changed perceptions about the utility of ceramics.High technology ceramics are related to “traditional” ceramics only to the extent that they are inorganic, nonmetallic materials. Traditional ceramics are derived from minerals. For example, dinnerware and bricks consist mostly of clay, while sand is the major ingredient in flat glass and containers. Abundant raw materials, simple processing, adequate performance at low cost, and technological evolution have kept these industries viable for several thousand years.But, for demanding electronic or structural applications, synthesizing ceramics from minerals is often unacceptable. The chemical variability of mineral deposits, the difficulty of obtaining a homogeneous mixture of powders, and the problems of consolidating the powders into a uniform ceramic with desirable grain morphology, chemistry and grain boundary phases have stimulated the development of chemically derived ceramic precursors.
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Legalov, Andrei A., Hakan Çelik, and Halil Bolu. "First record of Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from South-eastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its host Pinus parviflora." Ecologica Montenegrina 41 (April 12, 2021): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.41.10.
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This study was conducted in 2019 on pine trees in Province of Diyarbakır (Sur District) in South-eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Shot samples were taken from the dried pine trees and brought to the laboratory. Samples were cultured in plastic containers at the temperature of 26±1°C, relative humidity of 65±5, and illumination of 3500 lux for 16 hours per day. As a result of this study, Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) species belonging to Curculionidae family of Coleoptera was determined. This is the first record for pine trees in Diyarbakir. In addition, this species is the first record for the insect fauna of Diyarbakır. This harmful species, which is one of the rare insect species in the world, is thought to have entered the province of Diyarbakır, possibly through production materials brought to the region without supervision. Key for the species of the subtribe Stenoscelidina from Turkey is given.
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Ryan, Peter G., Ben J. Dilley, Robert A. Ronconi, and Maëlle Connan. "Rapid increase in Asian bottles in the South Atlantic Ocean indicates major debris inputs from ships." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 42 (September 30, 2019): 20892–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909816116.
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Most plastic debris floating at sea is thought to come from land-based sources, but there is little direct evidence to support this assumption. Since 1984, stranded debris has been recorded along the west coast of Inaccessible Island, a remote, uninhabited island in the central South Atlantic Ocean that has a very high macrodebris load (∼5 kg·m−1). Plastic drink bottles show the fastest growth rate, increasing at 15% per year compared with 7% per year for other debris types. In 2018, we examined 2,580 plastic bottles and other containers (one-third of all debris items) that had accumulated on the coast, and a further 174 bottles that washed ashore during regular monitoring over the course of 72 d (equivalent to 800 bottles·km−1·y−1). The oldest container was a high-density polyethylene canister made in 1971, but most were polyethylene terephthalate drink bottles of recent manufacture. Of the bottles that washed up during our survey, 90% were date-stamped within 2 y of stranding. In the 1980s, two-thirds of bottles derived from South America, carried 3,000 km by the west wind drift. By 2009, Asia had surpassed South America as the major source of bottles, and by 2018, Asian bottles comprised 73% of accumulated and 83% of newly arrived bottles, with most made in China. The rapid growth in Asian debris, mainly from China, coupled with the recent manufacture of these items, indicates that ships are responsible for most of the bottles floating in the central South Atlantic Ocean, in contravention of International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships regulations.
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Musah-Surugu, Issah Justice, Albert Ahenkan, and Justice Nyigmah Bawole. "Local Government Financing of Climate Change in Ghana: Politics of Aid and Central Government Dependency Syndrome." Journal of Asian and African Studies 54, no. 5 (December 7, 2018): 619–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909618812911.
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Uncertainties about the amount of resources needed to combat climate change, dwindling local resources, limited local autonomy and limited expertise constrain local governments (LGs) in their response to the effects of climate change. As a result, financing climate change remains a major nightmare for LG actors across diverse nested territorial containers. It certainly requires the embracing of a multifaceted approach – the use of system thinking where local governments’ resource husbandry is optimised to support external aid and central government transfer. A multifaceted approach brings onboard blended resources, diverse stakeholders, diverse resource mobilisation skills and schemes, and accountability measures. Also, given projected increases in future climate-induced public expenditure, albeit with uncertainties, reliance on a single resource mobilisation approach will be a recipe for inefficiency. This article argues that developmental aid and central government’s transfer remains inadequate to meet the increasing demand for adaptation cost at the local level in Ghana. In the face of the unequivocal impact of climate change risk, we contend that local resource husbandry must be optimised through different innovations to complement other major sources of financing. Our contention resonates with the school of thought that argues local level resources are more resilient to politicisation, are stable, and are predictable compared to international aid and central government transfer. Through qualitative in-depth interviews, empirical data has been drawn from local governments in Ghana to justify our claims.
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Lopez, Roberto G., and Diane M. Camberato. "Growth and Development of ‘Eckespoint Classic Red’ Poinsettia in Biodegradable and Compostable Containers." HortTechnology 21, no. 4 (August 2011): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.4.419.
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Biodegradable, compostable, and traditional plastic containers were evaluated for production of ‘Eckespoint Classic Red’ poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima), a long-term greenhouse crop (12–16 weeks transplant to finish, depending on cultivar). Containers were rated for appearance and durability during the 14-week production period and plant quality parameters were measured at anthesis. Plastic, rice hull, wheat starch-derived bioresin, and molded fiber containers remained unchanged in appearance and integrity and received a rating of 5 (1–5 rating scale, where 1 = container integrity compromised substantially and 5 = container was intact, no visible changes in terms of color or construction). However, straw, coconut coir, composted cow manure, and Canadian sphagnum moss and wood pulp containers had an average rating of 2.9, 2.7, 1.4, and 1.6, respectively. Both shoot and root dry weights were greatest in plants produced in molded fiber and straw containers. The root to shoot dry weight ratio and days to anthesis was not significantly different among container types. Bract area index (a measurement derived to estimate bract area) was greatest for plants produced in molded fiber containers and lowest for those produced in the wheat starch containers. When adjusted for container height, final plant height was greatest in molded fiber containers and lowest in wheat starch containers. Plants produced in molded fiber containers, on average, exhibited the greatest height, bract area index, and total root and shoot weight, with no visible changes to container integrity. Based on these results, plant quality was not negatively impacted by any of the seven containers, though marketability of finished plants can be affected by container integrity.
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Öztaş, Dilek, Burak Kurt, Ayşegül Koç, Muhsin Akbaba, and Hüseyin İlter. "Knowledge Level, Attitude, and Behaviors of Farmers in Çukurova Region regarding the Use of Pesticides." BioMed Research International 2018 (July 19, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6146509.
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Introduction and Purpose. Farmers are particularly at high risk of pesticide exposure due to added risk from occupational exposure. The aim of this study is to evaluate knowledge level of farmers in the Çukurova region of the effects of pesticides, toxic symptoms, and protective equipment as well as assessing their attitudes and practices regarding pesticides. Material and Method. A total of 420 seasonal agricultural workers in Karataş District of Adana Province, Turkey, were included in the study. The questionnaire form consisting of 3 sections was administered using face-to-face interview method. Results. The mean age of the participants was 40.2±10.6 years. They were engaged in farming for a mean duration of 18.5±10.6 years. All of them used pesticides, but none of them had been trained on the use of pesticides. Only 26.2% of them stored pesticides in a private depot. The farmers who took empty pesticide containers to special collection bins or centers constituted only 4.3% of them. While 84.0% of them thought that pesticides could have a negative impact on human health, 5.0% of them had experienced a medical problem and 1.0% of them were poisoned after applying pesticides. Conclusion. The results show that knowledge level of farmers of safe use of pesticides is very inadequate. This lack of knowledge adversely affects workers’ quality of life as well as occupational health and safety. Appropriate training programs should be organized to increase their level of knowledge.
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Teasdale, Graham M. "This article contains interesting and thought-provoking data." Neurosurgery 43, no. 6 (December 1998): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199812000-00068.
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Trinetta, Valentina, Austin McDaniel, Gabriela Magossi, Umut Yucel, and Cassandra Jones. "Effects of different moisture and temperature levels on Salmonella survival in poultry fat." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 4 (June 19, 2019): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz090.
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Abstract Fat products have been historically thought to have too low water activity to harbor pathogens. However, it has been recently reported that high moisture levels in fats may lead to Salmonella presence and growth. Limited research on strategies to eliminate pathogens in these environments is available, and the mechanisms contributing to microbial presence and growth are not yet well understood. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of moisture levels and storage temperatures on the growth and survival of Salmonella in poultry fat. Samples were stored for 7 d at 48°C or 76°C and remaining Salmonella was evaluated. When poultry fat was challenged with a wet high inoculum, more than a 4 log CFU/mL difference in Salmonella population was observed with 1% and 3% moisture levels at 48°C after 5 d (P < 0.05). No differences between moisture levels (P > 0.05) were observed when samples were tested with a wet low inoculum. Counts below detectable limits were observed after 24 h in samples challenged at 76°C, regardless of inoculum level. When poultry fat was stored at 48°C and inoculated with low levels of Salmonella spp., bacterial growth was influenced only by time (P < 0.05) and not affected (P > 0.05) by moisture level. However, when poultry fat was stored at 48°C and inoculated with high levels of Salmonella spp., bacterial decrease was easier (P < 0.05) in samples containing greater moisture. This research suggests that residual moisture in containers during transportation of poultry fat largely does not affect Salmonella spp. growth.
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Limenih, Beliyu. "Women farmers’ adoption challenges on artificial inseminations service in outskirt of Addis Ababa." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 6, no. 2 (September 9, 2018): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.006.02.2417.
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The study was conducted in purposively selected Oromia National Regional State aiming at to suggest strategies to better involve women farmers in Artificial Insemination service. Experts from office of livestock and fishery represented the study population. Group discussion were undertaken separately for Women and men farmers. Collected information was analyzed qualitatively and interpreted accordingly. The study found that institutional and cultural barriers hindered many number of women AI (Artificial Insemination) technicians less involved in AI service delivery. Specifically, institutions don’t encourage women applicant to apply on AI, they thought the position is full of hardship and risky for women to give a service basing in rural areas. In addition to that, the service needs some physical fitness and it would be more difficult for women to move long distance caring containers. Moreover, there is animal disease (brucella) that can be easily transmit to human and can cause gynaecological problem for women. Culturally, even if it is not boldly pronounced by the community, there is a feeling of indignity when women provide AI services. On the other hand, the community also ashamed women farmers, if they ask AI service provision. Moreover, culturally women farmers are not allowed to watch inseminations service. So, in order to increase number of women AI technicians: nominating women technicians from local communities (at least grade 8 completed) and animal science graduate, and train more in practical way would made women AI technicians to be more capable. Support women AI technicians to work privately through post payment service for a while, would raise women acceptance by community. In order to increase number of women farmers attendees on training: conduct on farm training, invite women farmers directly for training, organize training between march to May seasons, prepare pictured based training (including production manuals) would change the number of women dairy producer on AI service provision.
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Priapalla Rahim, Gafero, and Sunaryo. "Container Ship Accident Analysis due to Container Stacked on Deck as an Attempt to Improve Maritime Logistic System." E3S Web of Conferences 130 (2019): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001010.
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This paper analyses factors that might cause accidents to the container ships due to containers stacked on deck, and propose applicable actions to minimize these factors. The number, capacity, and speed of hatch-coverless container ships worldwide have increased significantly since the latest decade due to the increase of world trade. There is also a trend of stacking more containers on deck in order to increase the capacity of the ships. This phenomenon makes the number of container ship accidents also increasing; particularly capsize or sink. Even though merchant ships have to comply with safety rules and regulations, but the number of accidents still significantly high. The accidents usually cause great loses to the cargo and damage the overall logistic system. The sources of container ship accidents can be categorized into the ship itself, the environment, human factor, and management. In this study, accidents data and related information were gathered through literature study, on the spot observation, and direct interviews with relevant parties. Causes of accidents were then identified using cause and effect analysis. Based on the findings from the analysis, options for overcoming them were simulated to obtain the most applicable solutions that would minimize the accidents.
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Parish, Richard. "PREVENTING BLOW-OVER OF NURSERY CONTAINERS." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 501C—501. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.501c.
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A study was conducted in 2004 comparing commercial plant restraint systems with a grower standard consisting of a steel rod driven through the container into the soil. Commercial systems included wire baskets, aboveground plastic pot-in-pot, trellis with straps, and brackets on individual posts. This test was conducted on 15-gallon containers. Costs and efficacy of the systems were recorded. All of the commercial systems worked well, but the annualized cost of the grower standard was much less even though more blow-over occurred with the grower standard. A different system consisting of a horizontal rod over the top of containers and held down with J-stakes was tested on 4-gallon containers. Not enough stakes were used and the system was less effective than vertical stakes in each pot. A new study was initiated in 2005 to refine the grower standard through the use of one or two stakes per container, longer stakes, and the use of rebar instead of smooth rod. More stakes, longer stakes, and rebar were also evaluated with the horizontal rod system. The 2005 test was lost due to Hurricane Katrina. It will be repeated in 2006.
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Clunas, Craig, Rolf A. Stein, and Phyllis Brooks. "The World in Miniature: Container Gardens and Dwellings in Far Eastern Religious Thought." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 35, no. 4 (1992): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3632744.
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McDermott, Joseph P., Rolf A. Stein, and Phyllis Brooks. "The World in Miniature. Container Gardens and Dwellings in Far Eastern Religious Thought." Garden History 19, no. 2 (1991): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1586897.
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Palmentieri, Stefania. "Ports and logistics: resilience, sustainability and new centrality in the post-pandemic perspective for Italy and EU Med ports." AIMS Geosciences 7, no. 3 (2021): 300–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2021018.
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<abstract> <p>This article is part of the Economic Geography studies and deals with aspects related to intermodal logistics with particular reference to maritime transport of containers. Ports are historically one of the key infrastructures for the Italian economy. In recent decades, along with many industrial sectors that were once driving forces for the national economy, due to the lack of adequate strategic planning, it has failed to keep pace with the rapid changes imposed on all sectors involved in the process of globalization of the economic world, losing ground and competitiveness with respect to many competing realities, both in Northern Europe and in the Mediterranean basin itself <sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1">1</xref>]</sup>. Most of the other states of Mediterranean Europe are in similar conditions, but Italy is probably the one that has lost the most ground. In this situation of strong economic and social imbalance, the covid-19 epidemic has hit Italy before and dramatically and if it had not turned into a pandemic, hitting the rest of Europe and the planet and forcing the European institutions to launch, for the first time, concrete support measures for all, would probably have represented a fatal shock for the Italian economy. By elaborating the information on statistical data and projections available in numerous international publications on the transport economy and more specifically on logistics, taking into account the reasons for the successes and failures of similar realities to the Italian one, the study offers food for thought on what to do immediately and in the future, taking advantage of the unique and unrepeatable opportunity constituted by the economic initiatives for the post-pandemic recovery, to remedy the lost ground by returning an adequate role to our world of maritime and port transport which can also be a driving force for the territory behind, avoiding ending up on the edge of the evolved world.</p> </abstract>
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Jagals, P., T. G. Barnard, M. M. Mokoena, N. Ashbolt, and D. J. Roser. "Pathogenic Escherichia coli in rural household container waters." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 6 (March 1, 2013): 1230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.677.
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Plastic containers in the range of 5–20 L are widely used – especially in rural African settings – to collect, transport and store water for domestic use, including drinking, bathing and hygiene. The pathogen content of the waters in these containers has not been adequately characterized as yet. This paper presents the primary findings of a synoptic survey of drinking water quality samples from these containers and involved collection of bacterial indicator and pathogenicity gene data. In total, 571 samples of a variety of waters were taken in rural communities in South Africa and the Escherichia coli numbers measured. Of the E. coli positive samples, 46% (n = 148) were screened for the presence of E. coli pathogen gene markers. Though synoptic, the survey provided many insights into the issues that drove the study. Container use markedly degraded water quality as judged by indicator counts, even where improved water supply services were in place. Household container use also appeared to promote regrowth or contamination of containers with pathogenic E. coli strains. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis also showed that the diversity of potential pathogenic E. coli carrying virulence genes was great. All seven genes screened for (Ial, Stx1, Stx2, EaeA, Eagg, ST, LT) were found in the waters, alone or as mixtures (number of different combinations = 31) including those characteristic of the more dangerous invasive and haemorrhagic E. coli strains. Given the central role of containers in the management of water supply to rural communities, it is clear the microbiology of these waters requires much further characterization.
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Klinger, Eric, and W. Miles Cox. "Dimensions of Thought Flow in Everyday Life." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 7, no. 2 (October 1987): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/7k24-g343-mtqw-115v.
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To what extent are three criteria of daydreaming–as thought that is fanciful, stimulus-independent, or undirected–equivalent? How are these properties of thought flow distributed during everyday activity? Students ( N = 29) carrying a beeper described properties of their consciousness on a total of 1425 occasions by means of a Thought-Sampling Questionnaire, anxiety and depression measures, and activity report forms. Intrasubject analyses of thought variables identified eight orthogonal factors, including Visual Modality, Auditory Modality, Operantness (directedness), Attentiveness to External Stimulation, Controllability, Strangeness (fancifulness/bizarreness), Past Time Orientation, and Future Time Orientation. Most thought samples contained some interior monologue, largely independent of other variables. Thought properties were uncorrelated with affective variables, frustration of goals, and impulses to drink alcohol. Factors for individual differences differed sharply from the intrasubject results, with a single undifferentiated Vividness factor and controllability no longer a separate factor. The visual modality predominates for most individuals, about a third of thought is on the average predominantly undirected, an uncorrelated third is stimulus-independent, and about a quarter of thoughts contain at least traces of dream-like elements.
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Sulaeman, Mubaidi. "PEMIKIRAN TASAWUF FALSAFI AWAL: RABI’AH AL-‘ADAWIYYAH, AL-BUSTAMĪ, DAN AL-HALLAJ." Refleksi: Jurnal Filsafat dan Pemikiran Islam 20, no. 1 (September 6, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ref.2020.2001-01.
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Many researchers believe that the philosophical Sufism tradition in Islam only emerged in the sixth century Hijriah. Is that right? If it is explored in more depth, it will soon be found that this is not quite right because long before that, in the Islamic tradition there were already some thoughts of Sufism that tended to lead to philosophical Sufism. Among the philosophical ideas of Sufism that were born in this early period were mahabbah, Ilahiyyah, fana', ittihad, and Hulul. Therefore, in this paper the author tries to describe the initial philosophical Sufism thought contained in the thoughts of three Sufi figures, namely Rabi'ah al-'Adawiyyah, alBustami, and al-Hallaj. By presenting the philosophical Sufism thought that exists in their works, this article shows that the philosophical Sufism tradition in Islam has emerged long before the sixth century Hijriah, as is often believed by many circles.
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Yeager, Tom, and Geri Cashion. "Controlled-release Fertilizers Affect Nitrate Nitrogen Runoff from Container Plants." HortTechnology 3, no. 2 (April 1993): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.3.2.174.
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Container plant runoff NO3-N levels varied with sampling time and were periodically higher than the 10-ppm federal drinking water standard during 4.5 months following fertilizer application, even though controlled-release fertilizers Nutricote 18N-2.6P-6.6K Osmocote 18N-2.6P-10K, Prokote 20N-1.3P-8.3K, and Woodace 19N-2.6P-10K were used. Leachate collected from containers had a higher NO3-N level than runoff regardless of sampling time. Leachate NO3-N ranged from 278 ppm for Nutricote 3.5 months after application to 6 ppm for Prokote 1 week after application.
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Koeser, Andrew, Sarah T. Lovell, Michael Evans, and J. Ryan Stewart. "Biocontainer Water Use in Short-term Greenhouse Crop Production." HortTechnology 23, no. 2 (April 2013): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.23.2.215.
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In recent years, biocontainers have been marketed as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based containers in the green industry. However, biocontainers constructed with plant materials that are highly porous in nature (e.g., peat, wood fiber, straw) tend to require more frequent irrigation than conventional plastic products. As irrigation water sources become less abundant and more expensive, growers must consider water consumption in any assessment of their economic and environmental viability. This project evaluated plant growth and total water consumption for nine different biocontainers (seven organic alternatives, and two recently developed bioplastic alternatives) and a plastic control used to produce a short-term greenhouse crop, ‘Yellow Madness’ petunia (Petunia ×hybrida). Dry shoot weight and total water consumption differed by container type, with some of the more porous containers (wood fiber, manure, and straw) requiring more water and producing smaller plants by the end of the trial period. Intuitively, the more impervious plastic, bioplastic, and solid rice hull containers required the least irrigation to maintain soil moisture levels, though shoot dry weights varied among this group. Shoot dry weight was highest with the bioplastic sleeve and slotted rice hull containers. However, the latter of these two containers required a greater volume of water to stay above the drying threshold. Findings from this research suggest the new bioplastic sleeve may be a promising alternative to conventional plastic containers given the current production process.
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Johnson, Dylan, John D. McLennan, Jon Heron, and Ian Colman. "The relationship between profiles and transitions of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children and suicidal thoughts in early adolescence." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 15 (October 2, 2019): 2566–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719002733.
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AbstractBackgroundAdolescence is a high-risk period for the onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Identification of preceding patterns of internalizing and externalizing symptoms that are associated with subsequent suicidal thoughts may offer a better understanding of how to prevent adolescent suicide.MethodsData from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a prospective population-based Canadian cohort, contained Child Behavior Checklist items which were used to examine profiles and transitions of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children, aged 6–11 years (n = 8266). The association between these profiles/transitions and suicidal thoughts in adolescents was examined using multivariate logistic regression modeling.ResultsLatent profile analyses identified four measurement invariant profiles of internalizing and externalizing symptoms at ages 6/7 and 10/11: (1) low on all symptoms, (2) moderate on all symptoms, (3) high on all symptoms, and (4) high on hyperactivity/inattention and internalizing. Recurrent (homotypic or heterotypic) and increasing symptoms from 6/7 to 10/11 were associated with suicidal thoughts in adolescence, compared to those with stable low symptoms. Those with decreasing symptoms from 6/7 to 10/11 were not at increased risk of suicidal thought in adolescence.ConclusionsWhile patterns of recurrent symptoms were associated with suicidal thoughts, a similar association was observed between profiles at age 10/11 years and suicidal thoughts. This suggests that the recent assessments of mental health symptoms in children may be as sufficient a predictor of adolescent suicidal thought as transition profiles.
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Cheng, C. D., C. C. Ko, and W. J. Huang. "Utilizing SMS/3G Networks for Better and Reliable Communications between Yard Cranes and Server." International Journal of Applied Logistics 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jal.2011070102.
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In a normal port operation, yard cranes are used to move containers from one location to another for import, export or relocation purposes. In order to locate the positions of containers, a database is set up in the office server to store the current locations of existing containers within the yard. Whenever the Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) crane operator moves a container around, the database has to be updated via a program installed in the Vehicle Mounted Terminal (VMT) fitted to the crane. This requires the establishment of a communication channel between the server and the crane VMT. The current practice is to make use of wireless networks, even though these are susceptible to attenuation and interferences in rugged surroundings as in a port. This paper describes and explores another alternative, that of using 2G/SMS for short messages and 3G networks for real-time scenarios. These methods are more reliable as major telecommunication service providers normally expend substantial resources in infrastructure development. They also provide a cheaper alternative in terms of reducing maintenance expenses.
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Wiseman, H. M., K. Guest, V. S. G. Murray, and G. N. Volans. "Accidental Poisoning in Childhood: A Multicentre Survey. 2. The Role of Packaging in Accidents Involving Medications." Human Toxicology 6, no. 4 (July 1987): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718700600407.
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1 To assess the effectiveness of child-resistant closures (CRCs) and unit dose packaging in preventing childhood poisoning with medications, a survey by 14 hospitals of accidental suspected poisoning in children under 5-years-old, was compared with a survey of a representative sample of households with children under 5 living in the catchment areas of the hospitals. 2 Nine hundred and thirty-eight medications thought to have been ingested by 877 children were compared with 5827 medications found in households with children. The relationship between availability of packs or medications in the home and their involvement in accidents was quantified by means of an Accident Association Index (AAI). A low AAI indicated that the involvement of a pack or medication was less than expected from availability and therefore safe. A high AAI indicated that involvement was greater than expected and therefore unsafe. 3 Medications involved in suspected poisoning were most frequently packed in containers without CRCs (63%) or transparent blisters (20%); both had high AAIs. CRCs, strips, sachets and opaque blisters had low AAIs. 4 Analgesics, expectorants and gastrointestinal medications, had low AAIs, while oral contraceptives, hypnotics, sedative/tranquillizers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, anti-emetics, and anti-infectives had high AAIs. Prescription medications were more frequently involved in accidents than over-the-counter (OTC) medications and had a higher AAI. 5 Comparison of the AAIs of different kinds of medication in each of their various pack types showed that safe packaging reduced the risk from medications which had a high average AAI. 6 Only 40% of medications were in their normal storage place at the time of the accident. Medicine and bathroom cabinets, and kitchen cupboards and drawers were the safest places to store medications. Handbags, fridges, and shelves or ledges in the bathroom were the most unsafe places. No pack had a low AAI when stored on open shelves indicating that safe packaging cannot compensate for unsafe storage. 7 Other factors which influenced the involvement of medications in accidents were the intended user and the duration of storage. 8 The results of the study have important implications for design of packaging for medications and for education of the public.
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Balik, Agustina, and Vica Jilyan Edsti Saija. "Tanggungjawab Pemerintah Dan Pelaku Usaha Makanan Siap Saji Terkait Penggunaan Wadah Plastik Yang Berbahaya Bagi Konsumen Di Kota Ambon." SASI 23, no. 2 (April 2, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v23i2.103.
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Plastic containers are the most popular food packaging materials used. Many businesses choose plastic as a container for their products, because the plastic has excellent properties such as: strong but light, practical, cheap and not out of date. Though it use is very dangerous because can happen migration of chemicals from plastic to food wrapped especially in the heat. The role of BPOM (Food and Drug Supervisory Agency) and the Office of Industry and Trade on Consumer Protection has not been effective in socializing the dangers of using plastic as a food packaging container. The research method used is the normative juridical research method to examine the legal material, the provisions of positive law, legal principles, legal principles and legal doctrine to answer the legal issues faced. The form of supervision is part of the function and at the same time is the responsibility of BPOM and the Office of Industry and Trade in the field of Consumer Protection in an effort to provide protection to the community. demanded knowledge and awareness of business actors in choosing containers used to wrap food to be purchased by consumers. Responsibility on the basis of an error may be imposed on a business actor if the business actor makes a mistake that harms another person. While the absolute responsibility of direct business actor is responsible as business risk. Therefore, for a business actor who uses a plastic container that is harmful to human safety, he or she may be held liable for damages
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Fare, Donna C. "Propagation Container and Timing of Propagation Affects Growth of Oak Seedlings." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.31.1.43.
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Two experiments were conducted to determine the container effect and the timeline of seed propagation on germination and subsequent shoot and root development for container-grown oaks. Quercus nigra and Q. texana had equal or better growth and better root ratings when acorns were sown in Anderson tree bands compared to five other traditional propagation containers that had at least half the root volume. Germination percentage of Q. bicolor, Q. phellos and Q. shumardii was similar at 10 weeks after sowing whether acorns were sown in March, April, May or June. Q. bicolor and Q. phellos acorns sown in March had similar height and trunk diameter during the 30 week growing period in year 1 compared to acorns sown in April, May, or June that had a 25, 20, or 15 week growing period, respectively. Q. shumardii seedlings had greater shoot growth when acorns were sown in April or May compared to March or June. However, there was no difference in trunk diameter. By the end of the second year, Q. shumardii repotted into #3 nursery containers had similar growth among all sowing dates. Though some statistical differences occurred with shoot and root growth during the second year for Q. bicolor and Q. phellos, these differences did not appear to be the result of propagation time but probably a result of genetic variability.
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Kaskutas, Lee A. "Changes in Public Attitudes toward Alcohol Control Policies since the Warning Label Mandate of 1988." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 12, no. 1 (March 1993): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569501200104.
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The author reports on changes in public attitudes toward alcohol control policies in the U.S. since the implementation of warning labels on alcoholic beverage containers, using general population survey data collected six months before and 18 months after implementation. Of the 13 policies assessed, only the warning label elicited sustained support in the intervening two years. Persons who reported seeing the label on a beverage container were twice as likely as others to support the warning label policy. More than half of the respondents believed warning labels are an effective way to change people's behavior, though supporters are split on the question of whether the label signals that alcohol is a dangerous product. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Ullmer, James H. "The Macroeconomic thought of Nicholas Barbon." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 29, no. 1 (March 2007): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710601178336.
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Nicholas Barbon (1640–1698) is little appreciated by most historians of economic thought. He is sporadically mentioned in a few writings—probably the most well-known being the favorable reference to him made by John Maynard Keynes (1883–1946) in The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (Keynes 1936, p. 359). The fullest treatment of Barbon's economic ideas is contained in The Origin of Scientific Economics: English Economic Thought 1660–1776 by William Louis Letwin (Letwin 1963, pp. 48–75). Letwin considers a major defect of Barbon's first purely scientific inquiry into economics, A Discourse of Trade (Barbon 1690), and by implication, his other economic writings, to be “the logical incoherence of its parts” (Letwin 1963, p. 57). This criticism is not surprising in light of the pre-paradigm period in which Barbon was writing.
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Archbold, Douglas D., Thomas R. Hamilton-Kemp, Ann M. Clements, and Randy W. Collins. "Fumigating `Crimson Seedless' Table Grapes with (E)-2-Hexenal Reduces Mold during Long-term Postharvest Storage." HortScience 34, no. 4 (July 1999): 705–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.4.705.
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Seedless table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Crimson Seedless were exposed to (E)-2-hexenal vapor during cold storage to determine its potential as a fumigant for long-term control of postharvest mold. Fruit were fumigated with 0.86 or 1.71 mmol (100 or 200 μL neat compound, respectively) (E)-2-hexenal per 1.1-L container for 2 weeks during 2 °C storage. Containers were moved to 20 °C storage after 4, 8, and 12 weeks for determination of mold incidence and berry quality over 12 days. The headspace concentration of (E)-2-hexenal, measured by gas chromatography, reached a maximum of 2.5 and 4.2 μmol·L–1 for 0.86 and 1.71 mmol per container, respectively, after 1 day and declined to <1 μmol·L–1 for both treatments by 14 days. Upon removal from cold storage at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the incidence of mold was significantly lower for (E)-2-hexenal–treated fruit. Control of mold by (E)-2-hexenal fumigation persisted through 12 days of 20 °C storage, even though mold generally increased in all treatments. The two levels of (E)-2-hexenal were similar in their suppression of mold. Fumigation did not affect O2 or CO2 concentrations within the containers, nor were fruit firmness or soluble solids content affected. Postharvest fumigation of seedless table grapes with the natural volatile compound (E)-2-hexenal shows promise for control of mold.
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Vandeloise, Claude. "Au-Dela des Descriptions Geometriques et Logiques de L'espace." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.9.1.07van.
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Which is the best way of describing spatial prepositions? Even though geometry and logic provide rigorous and useful tools for this undertaking, I will show that they fall short from describing completely these prepositions. A complete description must take into consideration the movement and the function of their prepositional terms as well as cognitive notions like access to perception, potential meeting, the relationship container/ contained, etc. General orientation, a family resemblance concept whose main features are the frontal direction, the direction of movement and the line of sight, is also needed.
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Hanning, Li. "A "space" created in psychoanalysis and Eastern thought: a discussion of holding environment, container, and wu-wei." Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy in China 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ppc.v4n1.2021.102.
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In this article Winnicott, Bion, and Zhuangzi's three metaphorical concepts of psychological space are compared to understand the meaning of their respective use of space and unity, as well as the importance of the unity of space itself. This is carried out against the background of psychoanalysis and Eastern thought. This is not only a state that analysts need to be able to achieve in psychoanalytic therapy, but is also related to the quality of the mental state of each of us in our daily lives. An open and perceptive experience is responsible for the spontaneous presentation and for mental growth, and in Eastern thought, at its core is the wu-wei thought, defined as unconflicted personal harmony, inaction, or free-flowing spontaneity. Although psychoanalysis is a therapeutic method, it is not limited to this function. It is also a preparation for patients to approach their true self or "truth". Freud (1912e) described a way of approaching "an open mind, free from any presupposition" that could be achieved through analysis, and he promoted the development of mature interpersonal relations. Buddhist or Taoist practice, on the other hand, relies on correct breathing to calm oneself. Beyond all doubt, Winnicott, Bion, and the wise men of the East all knew that connecting with emotion or acquiring knowledge must be done in a calm state of mind.
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Hanson, Anne-Marie, J. Roger Harris, Robert Wright, Alex Niemiera, and Naraine Persaud. "Water Content of a Pine-bark Growing Substrate in a Drying Mineral Soil." HortScience 39, no. 3 (June 2004): 591–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.3.591.
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Newly transplanted container-grown landscape plants are reported to require very frequent irrigation. However, container nurseries in the U.S. commonly use growing substrates that are mostly bark, even though the contribution of bark-based growing substrates to water relations of transplanted root balls is unknown. Therefore, a field experiment was undertaken to determine water relations of a pine-bark substrate (container removed) within a drying mineral soil over a three week period. A range of common production container sizes—3.7 L (#1), 7.5 L (#2), 21.9 L (#7), 50.6 L (#15), and 104.5 L (#25)—was used. The fraction of substrate volume that is water [total volumetric water (TVW)] within the top and middle zones of substrate was compared to TVW at corresponding depths of adjacent mineral soil. The fraction of substrate and soil volume that is plant-available water [plant-available volumetric water (PAVW)] was calculated by subtracting the fraction of substrate or soil volume below where water is unavailable to most plants (measured with pressure plates) [plant-unavailable volumetric water (PUVW)] from each TVW measurement. The pine-bark substrate had a PUVW of 0.32 compared to a PUVW of 0.06 for soil. Top sections of substrate dried to near zero PAVW 6 days after irrigation for all containers. Larger container sizes maintained higher PAVW in middle sections than smaller container sizes, and PAVW was always higher in the adjacent soil than in the embedded substrate. Overall, very little PAVW is held by the embedded pine-bark growing substrate, suggesting the need for container substrates with greater water retention once transplanted to mineral soils.
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Yun, Cheolhyeon. "The thought of life contained in the Jumun of Donghak - Focusing on the 『Cheondogyo scriptures』." Korea Journal of Donghak Studies 59 (August 31, 2021): 339–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46639/kjds.2021.59.10.
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Singer, Steven. "Jewish Religious Thought in Early Victorian London." AJS Review 10, no. 2 (1985): 181–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009400001343.
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Religious thought and observance almost never exist in a self-contained vacuum but are rather influenced, to a greater or lesser extent, by their social and ideological surroundings. A study of the spiritual life of early Victorian Jewry provides a good example of this law of history and shows how a Jewish community's religious beliefs and actions can be shaped and even dominated by the influence of its Gentile host society. An analysis of early Victorian Judaism is really an investigation into the social dynamics of the London community and a study of how the endeavors of its various factions to adapt to the mid-nineteenth-century English world affected its religious life.
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Brook, J. A. "Kant’s A Priori Methods For Recognizing Necessary Truths." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 18 (1992): 215–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1992.10717304.
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In the second edition, Kant summarized the question behind the Critique of Pure Reason this way: ‘How are a priori synthetic judgments possible?’ (B19) We can easily understand his interest in synthetic judgments; he thought that analytic ones could not tell us anything new (A5-6=B9). There are only two ways to get judgments that are analytic: by drawing out what is contained in our concepts and by combining the resulting propositions inferentially into arguments. Neither could ever tell us anything not already ‘thought in [the concepts we have used], though confusedly’ (A7=B10-ll), and even if either could, it could not give us anything against which to test it for truth or falsity. ‘In the mere concept of a thing no mark of its existence is to be found’ (A225=B272; cf. Bxvii-xviii). In the search for knowledge, analytic judgments get us nowhere.
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Devenish, GE. "Some thoughts on socio-economic rights." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 6, no. 2 (July 10, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2003/v6i2a2865.
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One of the manifest differences between the Bill of Rights in the interim and the 1996 Constitutions is the more comprehensive treatment of social and economic rights in the latter.1 In addition to the social and economic rights of children contained in section 28(1)(c), education in section 29 and detained persons' rights in section 35(2)(e), Chapter 2 of the 1996 Constitution encapsulates "an entirely new set of rights not foreshadowed in the interim Constitution".2 These relate essentially to housing rights, set out in section 26, and rights protecting health care services, food, water and social security contained in section 27. Certain other provisions also contain socio-economic rights. So, for example, section 25(5) redistribution of land, section 28, children's rights, section 29, education, section 35(2)(c), the right to a legal practitioner, section 35(2)(e), detainees rights to adequate accommodation, nutrition, reading material and medical treatment.
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Leaman, Oliver. "Time, Modernity, and Destructive Habits of Thought." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 25 (1999): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1999.10716833.
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The notion of time seems to be politically quite neutral, merely a concept of something that exists in much the same way that the weather exists. We can, of course, adopt different attitudes to the weather, but there does not seem to be any great political relevance in those attitudes. Yet when one thinks about the nature of time it is clear that attitudes to it are important socially. If one experiences time as a container that inexorably directs our lives in particular ways, because we are in it, we shall place little reliance on our individual efforts to accomplish anything that runs contrary to what is often called the “river of time.” What are often called pre-modem attitudes to time are taken to be characterized in this way, where agents were ultimately pessimistic of their ability to do anything really different. In the words of Kohelet in the Bible, “There is nothing new under the sun” (Ecclesiastes1:9). That is taken to mean that there is pattern to what takes place in our world, and that pattern is beyond the power of human beings to alter.
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Archbold, Douglas D., and Lailiang Cheng. "Partitioning of a Drought-induced Root Signal within the Fragaria chiloensis Plant." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 836G—837. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.836g.
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Plants of Fragaria chiloensis cv. RCP-37 were grown with their root system split between two separate containers. Water was withheld from one container of each pair (drought side), while the other was subirrigated. Control plants were subirrigated in both containers. Over several days, a drought-side leaf exhibited reductions in stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (T), while a subirrigated side leaf showed no change in either parameter. However, foliar water relations components (water, osmotic, and pressure potential) did not differ between the two leaves. The leaf on the subirrigated side exhibited gs, T, and water relations components similar to leaves on control plants. The abscisic acid (ABA) content of xylem exudate, collected from a stolon emerging from the axils of the measured leaves, was highest from the drought side and was negatively correlated to gs and T at some sampling dates. A root-derived drought stress signal, perhaps ABA, although other factors cannot be discounted, was limited within the plant to the drought side, even though water relations components indicated that water from the subirrigated side was allocated to all parts of the plant.
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Altland, James E., Glenn B. Fain, and Kathy Von Arx. "Fertilizer Placement and Herbicide Rate Affect Weed Control and Crop Growth in Containers." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-22.2.93.
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Abstract Three experiments were conducted in Oregon and Mississippi to evaluate the effect of fertilizer placement and rate of herbicide application on weed control and crop growth. In Expt. 1, Osmocote 18N–2.6P–10.0K (18–6–12) controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was applied at 12 g (0.4 oz) per container (#1) either topdressed, incorporated, or dibbled (placed under the liner prior to potting); and OH2 (pendimethalin + oxyfluorfen) was applied at 0, 28, 56, or 112 kg/ha (0, 25, 50, or 100 lbs/A). Containers were overseeded with common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris). In Expt. 2, Osmocote 17N–3.0P–10.1K (17–7–12) CRF was applied at 18 g (0.6 oz) per container using the same placement methods as Expt. 1; and Rout (oryzalin + oxyfluorfen) was applied at 0, 28, 56, or 112 kg/ha (0, 25, 50, or 100 lbs/A). A hand-weeded check was also included, and containers were overseeded with prostrate spurge (Chamaesyce prostrata). In Expt. 3, containers were fertilized with either 12 g (0.4 oz) of Apex 20N–4.3P–8.4K (20–10–10) CRF or 14 g (0.5 oz) of Apex 17N–2.2P–9.2K (17–5–11) CRF using similar fertilizer placement methods; and Snapshot 2.5TG (isoxaben + trifluralin) was applied at 0, 84, or 168 kg/ha (0, 75, or 150 lb/A). Containers were overseeded with creeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata). Weed control improved with increasing herbicide rate. Across the three experiments, dibbling CRFs with no herbicide resulted in 85 to 97% weed control, while topdressing resulted in 19 to 85% and incorporating resulted in 55 to 88% control. With herbicides, dibbling fertilizer resulted in 89 to 99% weed control while topdressing resulted in 82 to 90% and incorporating 81 to 98%. Dibbling fertilizer resulted in greater shoot growth (growth index) of azalea (Rhododendron ‘Stewartsonian’), holly (Ilex crenata ‘Compacta’), lavender (Lavandula × intermedia ‘Grosso’), and wintercreeper euonymus (Euonymus fortunei ‘Emerald Gaiety’). In Expt. 3, incorporating CRFs resulted in higher root ratings than dibbling in lavender and euonymus. Though measurable differences in root and shoot growth were observed in all experiments, differences were economically unimportant.
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Ishii, Tatsuro. "Zeami's Mature Thoughts on Acting." Theatre Research International 12, no. 2 (1987): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300013456.
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It is difficult to deal with all the ideas and concepts of a man whose writings span a period of some forty years and which are contained within some twenty-one essays. But the time spent on even a cursory exploration into some of the most important ideas presented in Zeami's later essays is most rewarding to anyone interested in theatre, for they are unique in pointing to the nucleus of his concepts on acting and performance based on his own experience and deep insights as a thinker, actor, director and playwright.
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Wilen, Cheryl A., Ursula K. Schuch, and Clyde L. Elmore. "Mulches and Subirrigation Control Weeds in Container Production." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 17, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-17.4.174.
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Abstract Weed control efficacy of organic mulches as well as a copper hydroxide-coated geotextile (fabric) disk was examined using Rhaphiolepis indica L. or Callistemon citrinus [(Curtis) Stapf] growing in containers. Rout (oxyfluorfen plus oryzalin) and corn gluten meal were included as herbicide treatments. In a second experiment, the effect of subirrigation versus surface irrigation and different depths of pine bark mulch on weed control was studied. In the mulch/herbicide studies, all of the mulch treatments, including the geotextile disk, provided broadleaf weed control, but not annual bluegrass control, similar to that of Rout. Broadleaf weeds were not controlled by corn gluten meal. Although though the number of grass seedlings was reduced 49% from that of the control, Rout reduced the number by 89%. In the mulch depth/irrigation study, mulching reduced weed weight by 92% over that of the control (no mulch and surface irrigated) 8 weeks after transplanting. Subirrigation reduced the number of weeds by at least 95% over that of the control.
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Lee, Jong-lan. "The Methodology of ‘Woori Philosophy’: an Analysis of this Philosophical Thought Contained in the Jeon-gyeong." Journal of Daesoon Academy of Sciences 30 (June 30, 2018): 201–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25050/jdaos.2018.30.0.201.
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Cowie, Jefferson, and Nick Salvatore. "History, Complexity, and Politics: Further Thoughts." International Labor and Working-Class History 74, no. 1 (2008): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547908000173.
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We would like to thank our commentators for their vigorous responses to our essay. Those comments were varied and, at times, at odds with each other but contained a remarkable agreement around our core premise: that the New Deal order was based on an exceptional and unstable set of political circumstances. Beyond that basic consensus, however, a number of important points of contention deserve discussion.
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Shuting, Sun. "Responsibility and Thought in William Blake’s “The Fly”." English Literature and Language Review, no. 63 (March 25, 2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ellr.63.32.36.
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This article is an analysis of William Blake’s poem “The Fly” from the angles of Responsibility and Thought. The article agrees with much of the secondary literature that “The Fly” introduces an attempted identification between an inattentive philosophizing narrator and fly in the first three stanzas and then challenges it in the final two. However, the article makes the novel case that the narrator’s initial attempt at contemplative union with the fly is not completely rebuffed by the quizzical non sequitur contained in the final two stanzas. Blake’s oblique allusion to God is connected to the narrator’s recognition that he and the fly share a real and significant union, even if the two parties interpolate each other in completely alien forms.