Journal articles: 'Thought and thinking'

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Colin Milburn. "Thinking Outside Thought." Science Fiction Studies 45, no. 3 (2018): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.45.3.0612.

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Cook, Deborah. "Thought Thinking Itself." Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 38, no. 3 (January 2007): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071773.2007.11006616.

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Hofstadter, Douglas. "Thinking about thought." Nature 349, no. 6308 (January 1991): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349378a0.

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Hawkins, Chris, and William von Hippel. "Thinking About Thought." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 38, no. 9 (September 1993): 937–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/033698.

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Tullock, Gordon. "Thinking about thought." European Journal of Law and Economics 2, no. 2 (June 1995): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01540951.

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Slezak, Peter. "Thinking about thinking: language, thought and introspection." Language & Communication 22, no. 3 (July 2002): 353–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5309(02)00012-5.

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Kristeva, Julia. "Thinking about Literary Thought." American Journal of Semiotics 18, no. 1 (2002): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ajs2002181/46.

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Kristeva, Julia, and Marc Trottier. "Thinking about literary thought." Sign Systems Studies 30, no. 2 (December 31, 2002): 406–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2002.30.2.02.

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Nisbett, Richard E. "Thinking About Suboptimal Thought." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 38, no. 7 (July 1993): 684–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/033485.

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Abidin, Zainal. "REFLECTION OF MUTHAHHARI MURTADHA THOUGHTS: Methodology, Epistemology and Thought Agenda." HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika 16, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/jsi.v16i2.566.83-107.

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Murtadha Mutahhari as a great Islamic figure and thinker has attracted the interest of many experts. This research is a research that also examines how the views of Murtadha Mutahhari in three major aspects, namely methodology, epistemology and agenda of thought. This research is a study of figures with a focus on thinking developed by Murtadha Mutahhari. The study of the thoughts of Mutahhari Mutahhari is carried out through a study of his works and the thoughts or views of experts regarding Mutahhari Murtadha. The results of this study indicate that Murtadha Mutahhari can elaborate rational-philosophical thinking with a strong religious understanding and produce an active style of thinking and in accordance with the current civilization.

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Iqtidar, Humeira. "Thinking across Traditions of Thought." Critical Times 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26410478-8662320.

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Kunzendorf, Robert G., Kara Young, Tamara Beecy, and Karen Beals. "Is Visual Thinking “Imageless Thought”?" Perceptual and Motor Skills 91, no. 3 (December 2000): 981–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2000.91.3.981.

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Diamond, Cora. "Asymmetries in Thinking about Thought." American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 90, no. 2 (2016): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acpq201622278.

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Coccia, Orestes. "Critical Thinking vs. Pure Thought." Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines 15, no. 2 (1995): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/inquiryctnews199515223.

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Coccia, Orestes. "Critical Thinking vs. Pure Thought." Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines 15, no. 3 (1996): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/inquiryctnews19961539.

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Gallistel, C. R. "NEUROSCIENCE:Themes of Thought and Thinking." Science 285, no. 5429 (August 6, 1999): 842b—843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5429.842b.

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Gavino, Guido Fare Olivares, Grisi Bernardo Santiago, María Susana Roque Marroquín, Jackeline Roxana Huamán Fernández, Carlos Augusto Zerga Morante, Carlos Alberto Jochatoma Roque, Lino Andrés Huamán Gutiérrez, Elva Luz Castañeda Alvarado, Franklin Elder Abanto Chávez, and Bernardo Cespedes Panduro. "The Influence of Negative Thinking on Violent Behavior." Migration Letters 20, no. 5 (August 2, 2023): 388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/ml.v20i5.3551.

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The thought of the human being works in negative and positive, if the person takes the polarity of the negative thought, it can become a very dangerous action, even more so if it is related to the sentimental, because it invades his mind with questions and inadequate subjective answers, these thoughts Negatives disable correct decisions, change the mood and limit productivity. The mind can be the best friend as well as the worst enemy, if we cannot manage thoughts, one of the consequences can be criminal behavior, for this it is vital to exercise thought control through; polarity of thought, negative thought, positive thought, violent behavior. A documentary study was carried out, the documentary analysis technique was applied and the instrument used was the bibliographic record. Precisely on the basis of the bibliographic search, the objective was to analyze the state of the art about the influence of negative thinking on violent behavior.

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Mousa Al Janabi, Hazem Hamad. "The philosophy of triple strategic perception (Thinking - thinking - thought)." Tikrit Journal For Political Science 2, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/poltic.v2i2.87.

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This research formed of introduction, three axes, conclusion and epilogue as follows: first axis: philosophy's cognition, second axis titled: Ramp's cognition, and third axis contents programming cognition, and the research finalized with a list of conclusions which aligned and fortified that mental philosophy, for example: the thinking is a result of meditation and the industry of thought, it is only a mental innovative industry depends on possession the information's and analytical ability of image in mental memory. And the mental philosophy establishes a mental reference which basis on mental rationality and the changes of performance and it's continuous re-generations (because of mental ability's elements ) has its effects on wording the thinking and deliver the thought. And re-programming it responding to changes, and the thought is synthesis of thinking. Finally, the cognition is the base of thinking and theorizing is the base of thought

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Ruslan, Ruslan. "Thematic analysis, thinking, al-Ghazali." khatulistiwa 4, no. 2 (August 27, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.69901/kh.v4i2.181.

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This paper examines further al-Ghazali's thoughts for the development of the Islamic world. The aim is to find common threads about al-Ghazali's thoughts regarding the science of Uhuluddin. Apart from that, to examine the discipline of Uhuluddin, which is a branch of knowledge in Islamic religious studies, by focusing attention on the contribution of educational thought adapted to the current context and the implications of his thought in the context of life in Muslim society. The method used in this paper is descriptive analysis, namely by analyzing al-Ghazali's thoughts according to the context of Ushuluddin's science. The analysis used is thematic analysis which aims to analyze al-Ghazali's thoughts in Ushuluddin science. The results of the research show that there is a Basic Understanding of Uhuluddin Science, Al-Ghazali's Contribution to Uhuluddin Science, Al-Ghazali's Influence in the Development of Uhuluddin Science, the Relevance of Al-Ghazali's Thoughts in the Modern Context, and the practical implications of Al-Ghazali's thoughts in Uhuluddin Science, both in terms of religious education, theology, or its relevance in solving contemporary problems in Muslim society.

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Quartier, Vincent, Jean-Philippe Antonietti, Laure Franck, and Carlos Iglesias. "Space for Thought." Rorschachiana 34, no. 1 (January 2013): 4–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000038.

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Aim: The psychoanalytic theories of Bion, Anzieu, Berger, and Gibello postulate that the development of thinking depends upon the formation of a psychic space. This thinking space has its origin in the body and in our interpersonal relations. This study aims to validate this psychodynamic hypothesis. Method: A group of 8- to 14-year-old children participated in this research. The presence of a thinking space was operationalized by the Barrier and Penetration scores on the Rorschach’s Fisher and Cleveland scales, and intellectual efficiency was measured using a short version of the WISC-IV. Results: Results show that extreme scores on the Barrier and Penetration variables predict a lower intellectual level than average scores on the same variables. Conclusion: The development of thinking and personality are undoubtedly linked and the Barrier and Penetration variables are useful measures when evaluating the development of a space for thought.

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Cutting, J., and D. Murphy. "Schizophrenic Thought Disorder." British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no. 3 (March 1988): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.3.310.

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It is suggested that schizophrenic thought disorder comprises four relatively independent components: delusion; intrinsic thinking disturbance; formal thought disorder; and deficient real-world knowledge – a new concept. Schizophrenic and neurotic control subjects were given tests of thinking, perception, appreciation of conversational discourse, and social and practical knowledge. Not all deluded schizophrenics had intrinsic thinking disturbance. Those that did tended to have overinclusive categorisation as the most apparent deficit. Formal thought disorder was associated with a poor performance on the test of conversational discourse. The most striking result was that 75% of schizophrenic patients were markedly deficient, relative to neurotic patients, on their knowledge of everyday social issues.

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Pfaltz, Monique C., Beatrice Mörstedt, Andrea H. Meyer, Frank H. Wilhelm, Joe Kossowsky, and Tanja Michael. "Why Can’t I Stop Thinking About It?" Swiss Journal of Psychology 74, no. 2 (January 2015): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000150.

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by frequent obsessive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Neuroticism is a vulnerability factor for OCD, yet the mechanisms by which this general vulnerability factor affects the development of OCD-related symptoms are unknown. The present study assessed a hierarchical model of the development of obsessive thoughts that includes neuroticism as a general, higher-order factor, and specific, potentially maladaptive thought processes (thought suppression, worry, and brooding) as second-order factors manifesting in the tendency toward obsessing. A total of 238 participants completed questionnaires assessing the examined constructs. The results of mediator analyses demonstrated the hypothesized relationships: A positive association between neuroticism and obsessing was mediated by thought suppression, worry, and brooding. Independent of the participant’s sex, all three mediators contributed equally and substantially to the association between neuroticism and obsessing. These findings extend earlier research on hierarchical models of anxiety and provide a basis for further refinement of models of the development of obsessive thoughts.

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Luna, Wendyl. "Re-thinking Thought: Foucault, Deleuze, and the Possibility of Thinking." Foucault Studies 1, no. 27 (December 30, 2019): 48–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/fs.v27i27.5891.

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This paper examines how Foucault and Deleuze understand each other’s work, arguing that they are united in their common endeavour to make it possible to think again. Focusing on Foucault’s ‘Theatrum Philosophicum’ and Deleuze’s Foucault, it shows how each of Foucault and Deleuze considers the other as someone who opens anew the possibility of thinking. The first section examines Deleuze’s interpretation of Foucault’s work. It demonstrates that, despite sounding as if he is elucidating his own philosophy, Deleuze is correct in saying that Foucault re-thinks thought by positing the disjunction between the articulable and the visible, among other things. Turning to Foucault’s review of Deleuze’s works, the second section explains why Foucault deems Deleuze’s notion of thought as a disjunctive affirmation. By underscoring the disjunctive role ‘and’ plays in the disjunctive affirmation of ‘the event and the phantasm’ and/or of thought itself and its object, Foucault considers Deleuze as someone who re-thinks thought not by conceptualising it but by thinking difference. The paper concludes that, while each endeavours to consider thought in a new light, both Foucault and Deleuze believe that the other makes it possible to think again.

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Losonsky, Michael. "Passionate thought." Pragmatics and Cognition 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.1.2.03los.

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According to a computational view of mind, thinking is identified with the manipulation of internal mental representations and intelligent behavior is the output of these computations. Although Thomas Hobbes's philosophy of mind is taken by many to be a precursor of this brand of cognitivism, this is not the case. For Hobbes, not all thinking is the manipulation of language-like symbols, and intelligent behavior is partly constitutive of cognition. Cognition requires a 'passionate thought', and this Hobbsian synthesis of inner thought and outer behavior suggests a resolution to the contemporary conflict between cognitive theories of mind that make KNOWING THAT primary and pragmatic theories that make KNOWING HOW primary.

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Weiskrantz, L. "Thought without Language: Thought without Awareness?" Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 42 (March 1997): 127–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100010213.

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Some philosophers have laid down rather severe strictures on whether there can be thought without language. Wittgenstein asserted that ‘the limits of language…mean the limits of my world’ (1922, §5.62). Davidson (1984, p. 157) has argued that ‘a creature cannot have thoughts unless it is an interpreter of the speech of another’. Dummett (1978, p. 458) has interpreted some pronouncements as meaning that ‘the study of thought is to be sharply distinguished from the study of the psychological processes of thinking and…the only proper method of analysing thought consists in the analysis of language’. And there is also the position that thought has its own language that might exist even prior to or in the absence of natural language. But here I am going to concentrate on what might be possible in the absence of natural language. I do not know what it would mean to consider thinking in the absence of its own intrinsic language, a language of thought, if the two always co-exist.

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Lanphier, Elizabeth, and Amy McKiernan. "Thinking about Thought Experiments in Ethics." Teaching Ethics 19, no. 1 (2019): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej202022771.

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In this paper, we propose some ways in which teaching thought experiments in an ethics classroom may result in marginalizing or excluding students underrepresented in philosophy. Although thought experiments are designed to strip away details and pump intuitions, we argue that they may reinforce assumptions and stereotypes. As examples, we discuss several well-known thought experiments that may typically be included in undergraduate ethics courses, such as Bernard Williams’s Gauguin and Derek Parfit’s The Young Girl’s Child. We analyze the potential value and dangers or teaching these thought experiments. We conclude with some practical suggestions for how to teach thought experiments in ways that encourage students to expand their moral imaginations and think critically about their own assumptions and the assumptions built into thought experiments.

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deSouza, Allan, and Moi Tsien. "Thinking How Art Can Be Thought." Art Journal 80, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043249.2021.1872300.

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de Carvalho, Vinicius Mariano. "From "Brazilian thought" to “thinking Brazil”." Brasiliana- Journal for Brazilian Studies 2, no. 1 (2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/v2.i1/ed.

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O'connor, Tony. "Poetizing and Thinking in Heidegger's Thought." Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 23, no. 3 (January 1992): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071773.1992.11006998.

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Wolcott, Susan K., Charles P. Baril, Billie M. Cunningham, David R. Fordham, and Kent St. Pierre. "Critical thought on critical thinking research." Journal of Accounting Education 20, no. 2 (March 2002): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0748-5751(01)00029-x.

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Hacker, P. M. S. "An Intellectual Entertainment: Thought and Thinking." Philosophy 92, no. 1 (November 2, 2016): 97–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819116000449.

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AbstractThis dialogue is on the nature of thought and thinking. The five disputants are Socrates, an imaginary neuroscientist from California (whose opinions reflect those of contemporary cognitive neuroscientists), an Oxford don from the 1950s (who employs the linguistic analytic techniques of his times), a Scottish post-doctoral student, and John Locke (who speaks for himself). The discussion takes place in Elysium in the late afternoon. They examine the idea that thinking is an activity of the mind or the brain, whether the medium of thought consists of words or ideas, whether thoughtful speech is speech accompanied by thought, whether thinking, i.e. reasoning and inferring, is a process, and what is meant by the claim that ‘thinking is the last interpretation’. The dialogue ends when the protagonists go to dinner, but will be resumed after the meal.

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Lassan, Eleonora. "From Mythical Thinking to Political Thought." Respectus Philologicus 28, no. 33 (October 25, 2015): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2015.28.33.17.

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The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian ‘bogatyr’ is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage “preventive wars” in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

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De Carvalho, Vinicius Mariano. "From "Brazilian thought" to “thinking Brazil”." Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 2, no. 1 (April 18, 2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/bjbs.v2i1.8048.

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Zenses, Ann-Kathrin, Frank Baeyens, Tom Beckers, and Yannick Boddez. "Thought Conditioning: Inducing and Reducing Thoughts About the Aversive Outcome in a Fear-Conditioning Procedure." Clinical Psychological Science 9, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 252–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702620954222.

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The human fear-conditioning paradigm is a widely used procedure to study anxiety. However, merely thinking about the aversive outcome is typically not measured in this procedure. This is surprising because thinking of an aversive event is of clinical relevance (e.g., in the form of intrusions) and theoretical interest. We present two preregistered studies that (a) included thinking of an aversive outcome as an additional dependent variable and (b) compared several interventions to reduce it. We found that mere thinking of an aversive outcome could be successfully conditioned. Among the participants who showed successful acquisition, extinction training was less successful in reducing it than counterconditioning. Presenting new additional outcomes also proved effective to reduce thoughts about the initial outcome when the new outcomes were positive stimuli. Including thinking of the aversive outcome as an additional dependent variable may serve to enhance the understanding of anxiety-related disorders and inform their treatment.

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Hurst, Andrea. "Thinking through thinking: Deleuze and “the dogmatic image of thought”." South African Journal of Philosophy 38, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 392–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02580136.2019.1695095.

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Fite, Robert E., and Joshua C. Magee. "The Role of Magical Thinking, Sensitivity, and Thought Content in Thought-Action Fusion." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 41, no. 2 (April 2022): 128–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2022.41.2.128.

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Introduction: Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that maladaptive beliefs about intrusive thinking contribute to the disorder's development and maintenance. However, the findings concerning one notable belief, thought-action fusion (TAF), have been inconsistent. Current conceptualizations of TAF may conflate constructs such as magical thinking, sensitivity, and thought content that are already the subject of informative, interdisciplinary literatures. Methods: To tease apart these constructs, adult participants (N = 249) reported their trait levels of sensitivity and magical thinking, and were randomly assigned to engage with an intrusive thought in one of three content areas. We hypothesized that morality-related content would lead to heightened maladaptive outcomes, but only in combination with higher trait levels of sensitivity and magical thinking. Results: Results indicated that morality-related content, along with sensitivity to morality, played more of a prominent role in maladaptive outcomes, with magical thinking being implicated in general outcomes like worry. Discussion: These findings suggest that the link between TAF and maladaptive outcomes may depend on which TAF elements are present for an individual. Sensitivity, in tandem with other TAF elements (e.g., morality-related content, magical thinking) is predictive of divergent outcomes (e.g., worrying, urges to neutralize) and thus may be an important target of future interventions aimed at reducing TAF, worrying, and/or OC symptoms.

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Hama, Ahmad A., and Bakhtiar I. Fatah. "Level of Superstitious Thinking among University Students." Humanities Journal of University of Zakho 12, no. 1 (March 27, 2024): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2024.12.1.1300.

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Superstition as a culture has mythological and historical roots, it is difficult to remove so easily among individuals in society, the aims of this study are to measure the prevalence of superstitious thought among students and finding the most important superstitious thought University students According to the variables (gender, place of residence and specialty ) the descriptive method was used to describe superstitious thoughts among university students, the research community is the students of Sulaimani University and (378) students were taken as a sample. the results show that Superstitious thoughts dominate the thinking of university students, Superstitious thoughts are more among female students than male students and I more among students who living in urban areas and It is lower among students in scientific colleges than in medical and humanities colleges.

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Fazi, M. Beatrice. "Introduction: Algorithmic Thought." Theory, Culture & Society 38, no. 7-8 (December 2021): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02632764211054122.

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This introduction to a special section on algorithmic thought provides a framework through which the articles in that collection can be contextualised and their individual contributions highlighted. Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in artificial intelligence (AI). This special section reflects on this AI boom and its implications for studying what thinking is. Focusing on the algorithmic character of computing machines and the thinking that these machines might express, each of the special section’s essays considers different dimensions of algorithmic thought, engaging with a diverse set of epistemological questions and issues.

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Bair, Sherry L., and Edward S. Mooney. "Trains of Thought." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 18, no. 5 (December 2012): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacmiddscho.18.5.0274.

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Eremsoy, C. Ekin, and Mujgan Inozu. "The Role of Magical Thinking, Religiosity and Thought-Control Strategies in Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in a Turkish Adult Sample." Behaviour Change 33, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2015.16.

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Background: It has been suggested that magical thinking is related to both obsessions and compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recent studies have indicated the significant relationship between level of religiosity and beliefs about the importance and need to control unwanted thoughts in OCD. People also use diverse strategies to control their unwanted thoughts. Aims: The present study aimed to examine the interrelationships between magical thinking and worry and punishment as thought-control strategies in mediating the relationship between religiosity and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms in a Turkish sample. Methods: The sample of the present study was comprised of 179 non-clinical, community-based participants who completed measures of OC symptoms (measured with the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory — Revised), magical thinking (measured with the Magical Ideation Scale), religiosity, and thought-control strategies (measured with the Thought Control Questionnaire). Results: Both worry and punishment as thought-control strategies and magical thinking mediated the links between religiosity and OC symptoms. Furthermore, the relationship between religiosity and OC symptoms was mediated by magical thinking through punishment and worry. Conclusions: Findings pointing out the mediating role of magical thinking through punishment and worry in the relationship between religiosity and OC symptoms are novel and need to be replicated in future studies.

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Frankish, Keith. "Language, consciousness, and cross-modular thought." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 6 (December 2002): 685–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02340123.

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Carruthers suggests that natural language, in the form of inner speech, may be the vehicle of conscious propositional thought, but he argues that its fundamental cognitive role is as the medium of cross-modular thinking, both conscious and nonconscious. I argue that there is no evidence for nonconscious cross-modular thinking and that the most plausible view is that cross-modular thinking, like conscious propositional thinking, occurs only in inner speech.

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Gbenga, Fasiku. "Thinking as a Dialogue: Phenomenality and Embodied Cognition in Yorùbá Thought System." Culture and Dialogue 8, no. 1 (May 19, 2020): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683949-12340078.

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Abstract A thought is a mental state with a phenomenal aspect; it is essentially subjective. However, in Yorùbá thought system, a thought involves third persons or objective perspectival aspects. This is contrary to the nature of thoughts (mental states), hence the need to explain how the distinct properties of subjectivity and objectivity are found in Yorùbá thoughts system. The paper is divided into three parts. The first explores the nature of phenomenality in human mental states. The second explains that the Yorùbá thoughts system is linked with the embodied cognitive system. It is argued that when an average Yorùbá thinks, such a thought is a dialogue between the first person and third persons or objects (referred to as active external elements). The third part draws examples from Yorùbá thought system to illustrate the complementariness between the first-person character and the objective or external elements of mental state.

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Pronin, Emily, and Elana Jacobs. "Thought Speed, Mood, and the Experience of Mental Motion." Perspectives on Psychological Science 3, no. 6 (November 2008): 461–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00091.x.

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This article presents a theoretical account relating thought speed to mood and psychological experience. Thought sequences that occur at a fast speed generally induce more positive affect than do those that occur slowly. Thought speed constitutes one aspect of mental motion. Another aspect involves thought variability, or the degree to which thoughts in a sequence either vary widely from or revolve closely around a theme. Thought sequences possessing more motion (occurring fast and varying widely) generally produce more positive affect than do sequences possessing little motion (occurring slowly and repetitively). When speed and variability oppose each other, such that one is low and the other is high, predictable psychological states also emerge. For example, whereas slow, repetitive thinking can prompt dejection, fast, repetitive thinking can prompt anxiety. This distinction is related to the fact that fast thinking involves greater actual and felt energy than slow thinking does. Effects of mental motion occur independent of the specific content of thought. Their consequences for mood and energy hold psychotherapeutic relevance.

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Pasqualoni, Anthony. "Thought, Memory, and Being in Plato’s Sophist." Revista Archai, no. 33 (November 20, 2023): e03323. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1984-249x_33_23.

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Thinking as described in Plato’s Sophist undergoes two basic changes: it progresses by shifting from one to many and it regresses by shifting from many to one. The change from one to many is generative; the change from many to one is reductive. These opposing changes provide a tension for thinking, and like Heraclitus’ bow string, this tension gives thinking its efficacy. Thinking would wander and accumulate endlessly unless it regresses from many to one. Yet, thinking would stagnate if it could not progress from one to many. Both changes are essential characteristics of thinking, and both rest on memory. Memory constitutes the foundation of thought.

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Tversky, Barbara, and Angela Kessell. "Thinking in action." Diagrammatic Reasoning 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.22.2.03tve.

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When thought overwhelms the mind, the mind uses the body and the world. Several studies reveal ways that people alone or together use gesture and marks on paper to structure and augment their thought for comprehension, inference, and discovery. The studies show that the mapping of thought to gesture or the page is more direct than the arbitrary mapping to language and suggest that these forms of visual/spatial/action representation are used to “translate” language into mental representations. It is argued that actions in space create patterns in the world that reflect abstractions, that the actions are incorporated into gestures and the patterns into diagrams, a network that integrates gesture, action, the designed world, and abstraction dubbed spraction.

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Dabir-Alai, Jo. "In deep thought." Nursery World 2019, no. 21 (October 14, 2019): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nuwa.2019.21.23.

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Myllylä, Mari, José Juan Cañas Delgado, and Pertti Saariluoma. "On Conspiracy Thought Models in Thinking Climate Change." European Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 3 (October 1, 2023): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2023.v12n3p15.

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People make mistakes in their thinking. Errors in human thinking and incorrect information contents in people’s mental representations can be found in everyday context such as in arguments about the current climate crisis. Erroneous thinking can cause false thought models such as climate change denialism and conspiracy thinking. Therefore, it is important to analyze the information contents of incorrect schemas or thought models. This can be done with an approach called content-based psychology. In this research we analyzed 2980 public opinions posted in Finnish Social Media Platform Suomi24 to study how people think about and what kinds of illusory contents they use in constructing their representations on climate issues. We wanted to ask whether one can find illusory thinking in social media posts and to outline a typical construction of a false thought model in conspiracy thinking related to climate change. As a result, we found that conspiracy thinking can be found in online media discussions, and it is strongly associated with climate change denialism. Also, different fallacious or biased thought models have combined effects in constructing active mental representations in conspiracy thought models. Analyzing mental contents makes it possible to understand denialist and illusory thinking, but it requires further work. Keywords: Climate change thinking,, Erroneous thinking, Content-based psychology, Denialism, Conspiracy thinking

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Adey, Philip. "Give some thought to the thinking process." Five to Seven 2, no. 3 (July 2002): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ftoe.2002.2.3.16647.

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Fetzer, James H. "Creative thinking presupposes the capacity for thought." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17, no. 3 (September 1994): 539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00035780.

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Hughes, Cameron, and Tracey Hughes. "The laws of thought and thinking machines." AI Matters 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3320254.3320263.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Thought and thinking'

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