Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thoracic kyphosis

Academic literature on the topic 'Thoracic kyphosis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Thoracic kyphosis"

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Dulaev, Aleksandr Kaisinovich, Konstantin Alekseyevich Nadulich, Sergey Viktorovich Vasilevich, and Andrey Vasilyevich Teremshonok. "SURGICAL APPROACH TO POSTTRAUMATIC THORACIC KYPHOTIC DEFORMITY." Hirurgiâ pozvonočnika, no. 2 (May 26, 2005): 020–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14531/ss2005.2.20-29.

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Objective. To define the effective surgical management of posttraumatic kyphotic deformities in the thoracic spine basing on experimental biomechanical and clinical studies Material and Methods. Experimental biomechanical study was performed in 30 spine specimens. Anterior wedge osteotomy and fixation of a specimen in a kyphotic position modeled kyphotic deformity. Deformity correction with various instrumentation systems was firstly performed by maximal extension of segments adjacent to kyphosis-producing block, and carried on after crossing of intervertebral anatomical structures. Clinical study consisted in X-ray and instrumental examinations of 80 patients operated on for thoracic spine trauma. The magnitude of true posttraumatic deformity was defined as a difference between measured Cobb angle and mean physiological kyphosis value in the studied spine level. Results. Deformity rigidity, character of spine mobilization at the level of correction and size of posttraumatic deformity are the most significant factors determining the efficacy of thoracic posttraumatic kyphosis correction. The study resulted in defining rational approach to surgical correction of posttraumatic deformities in the thoracic spine. Conclusion. Minor kyphotic deformities in the thoracic spine are effectively corrected by instrumentation without mobilization of the spine. Large unfixed kyphosis sometimes requires anterior mobilization. Cases with rigid posttraumatic kyphotic deformity should be operated on with combined mobilization of the spine.
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Aizawa, Toshimi, Tetsuro Sato, Hiroshi Ozawa, Naoki Morozumi, Fujio Matsumoto, Hirotoshi Sasaki, Takeshi Hoshikawa, Chikashi Kawahara, Shoichi Kokubun, and Eiji Itoi. "Sagittal alignment changes after thoracic laminectomy in adults." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 8, no. 6 (June 2008): 510–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi/2008/8/6/510.

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Object The increased kyphosis after thoracic laminectomy in adult patients was retrospectively evaluated and various factors affecting this spinal deformity were analyzed. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective study of 58 cases in which laminectomy was performed and more than half of the facet joints were left intact. The study group included 44 men (mean age 59 years) and 14 women (mean age 61 years) with thoracic myelopathy due to ossifications of the ligamentum flavum and/or the posterior longitudinal ligament or due to posterior bone spurs. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Their neurological condition was evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale (a full score is 11), and the magnitude of local kyphosis in the laminectomized area was determined using the Cobb angle method. Results The mean preoperative JOA score was 5.4; the mean postoperative score was 8.3. No relationship was found between postoperative JOA score and increased kyphotic angle. The mean preoperative kyphotic angle was 7.0°. The mean postoperative kyphotic angle was 10.8°. Thus local kyphosis in the treated area increased by only 3.8°. The mean increase in kyphosis per spinal segment, calculated by dividing the kyphotic angle of the surgically decompressed area by the number of resected laminae, was 1.9°. Female patients with ≥ 3-level laminectomies showed a significant increase of kyphosis in both the laminectomized area and each spinal segment. Conclusions The increase in kyphosis after thoracic laminectomy is not large and thus spinal fusion is usually not necessary. In cases involving female patients who undergo long-segment laminectomies, however, careful radiographic follow-up is recommended.
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Jung, Sung-hoon, Ui-jae Hwang, Sun-hee Ahn, Jun-hee Kim, and Oh-yun Kwon. "Effects of Manual Therapy and Mechanical Massage on Spinal Alignment, Extension Range of Motion, Back Extensor Electromyographic Activity, and Thoracic Extension Strength in Individuals with Thoracic Hyperkyphosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (November 23, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6526935.

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Background. Manual therapy has been recommended to reduce and prevent musculoskeletal problems related to thoracic hyperkyphosis. With recent rapid technological developments, manual techniques can now be implemented by mechanical devices; hence, mechanical massage can manipulate the back muscles and mobilize the spine. Purpose. Here, we aimed to 1) determine the effects of mechanical massage and manual therapy and 2) compare their effects on spinal posture, extension range of motion, trunk extensor electromyographic activity, and thoracic extension strength in individuals with thoracic hyperkyphosis. Methods. Participants with thoracic hyperkyphosis were randomly assigned to the manual therapy (n = 16) or mechanical massage (n = 19) group. Each intervention was applied for 8 weeks. The participants’ spinal posture, extension range of motion, trunk extensor electromyographic activity, and thoracic extension strength were measured before and after intervention. Results. Intergroup analyses revealed no significant differences in any variables. However, thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic extension range of motion, longissimus thoracis electromyographic activity, iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum activity, and thoracic extension strength differed significantly in intertime analyses. The results of paired t-test analysis showed that thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic extension range of motion, longissimus thoracis electromyographic activity, and thoracic extension strength were significantly different after intervention in both groups p < 0.05 . Conclusions. Mechanical massage and manual therapy effectively improve thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic extension range of motion, and thoracic extension strength. Therefore, mechanical massage is an alternative intervention to manual therapy for improving thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic extension range of motion, and thoracic extension strength in participants with hyperkyphosis. This trail is registered with KCT0004527.
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Dimitrijevic, Vanja, Branka Protic-Gava, Tatjana Vinaji, and Nela Popovic. "Effects of corrective exercises on kyphotic angle reduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Medical review 74, no. 5-6 (2021): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns2106167d.

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Introduction. Kyphosis is a deformity of the spine characterized by excessive backward curvature of the thoracic spine. The normal range of thoracic kyphosis in teenagers is 20 - 40 degrees, and the diagnosis of hyper-kyphosis is beyond 45 degrees. The aim of this review was to assess the magnitude of the effects of various corrective exercises on kyphotic angle reduction. Material and Methods. The Web of Science and PubMed were searched to retrieve relevant literature. Ten studies were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. Results. The magnitude of the effects of corrective exercises on the kyphotic angle correction was estimated and the results showed a statistical significance in standardized mean difference (-0.504, P < 0.001). The analysis of the subgroups regarding the age showed a heterogeneity that was not statistically significant and the magnitude of the effects in different age groups. Conclusion. The results of our meta-analysis may be useful to many physiotherapists and clinicians in solving problems in patients with kyphosis and hyper-kyphosis.
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Zhang, Hao-Xuan, Xin Pan, Yong Hou, Lei Cheng, Yu-Hua Li, Meng Si, Shuai-Shuai Wang, and Lin Nie. "Severe thoracic kyphosis." Spine Journal 16, no. 1 (January 2016): e17-e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2015.08.012.

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Zeng, Yan, Zhongqiang Chen, Qiang Qi, Zhaoqing Guo, Weishi Li, Chuiguo Sun, and Andrew P. White. "Clinical and radiographic evaluation of posterior surgical correction for the treatment of moderate to severe post-tuberculosis kyphosis in 36 cases with a minimum 2-year follow-up." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 16, no. 4 (April 2012): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.12.spine11568.

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Object The object of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 36 patients with posttuberculosis kyphosis who underwent one of two types of osteotomy. Methods Each patient underwent single-stage correction via a posterior surgical approach. A modified pedicle subtraction osteotomy (mPSO) was performed when the kyphotic deformity was less than 70° (7 cases), whereas a posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) was performed when the kyphotic deformity exceeded 70° (29 cases). Full-length standing radiographs were obtained before surgery and at follow-up visits. These images were used to measure the kyphosis angle; sagittal alignment of the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical regions; and sagittal balance of the spine. Back pain was rated using the visual analog scale (VAS), and neurological function was classified based on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading system. Each patient's overall satisfaction with surgical treatment was measured with the Patient Satisfaction Index. For purposes of comparison, patients were studied in 2 groups based on the region of their kyphotic apex. Half of the cohort had apical kyphosis in the lower thoracic spine or thoracolumbar junction (TL group). Using both radiographic and clinical assessments, the authors compared this group with the other half of the patients who had apical kyphosis in the upper to mid thoracic spine (MT group). Results The cohort included 15 males and 21 females, with an average age of 34 years at the time of surgery. The minimum follow-up was 24 months, and the mean follow-up was 31 months. Following surgery, kyphosis across the treated segments was reduced by an average of 60°. Lumbar lordosis also improved by an average of 24°, and thoracic kyphosis improved by an average of 20°. Both back pain and neurological function improved after surgical treatment. There was a 67% improvement in VAS scores, and 13 of the 36 patients had improvement in their ASIA grade. The 2 surgical procedures used for deformity correction (mPSO and VCR) demonstrated comparable radiographic and clinical results. Note, however, that differences were found in both radiographic and clinical outcomes in comparing patients who had lower thoracic or thoracolumbar (TL group) versus upper to midthoracic (MT group) apical kyphosis. Conclusions Posterior tubercular kyphosis can be effectively improved through corrective surgery, and deformity correction can be accompanied by improvement in clinical symptoms. When appropriately selected, both the mPSO and the VCR can be expected to yield satisfactory reduction of post-tuberculosis kyphotic deformities. Differences in radiographic and clinical outcomes should be anticipated, however, when treating such deformities in different regions of the spine.
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Swarup, I., P. Derman, E. Sheha, J. Nguyen, J. Blanco, and R. Widmann. "Relationship between thoracic kyphosis and neural axis abnormalities in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 12, no. 1 (February 2018): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.12.170163.

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Purpose Previous studies have suggested an association between increased thoracic kyphosis and neural axis abnormalities in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, the basis for this finding is unclear, and this association has been mainly noted in retrospective studies on a non-consecutive series of patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between thoracic kyphosis and neural axis abnormalities in patients with AIS. Methods We studied a consecutive series of AIS patients treated with spinal fusion. Thoracic kyphosis (T2 to T12) was measured from preoperative lateral radiographs. All patients underwent a spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to surgery, and MRI reports were reviewed to determine the presence of neural axis abnormalities. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and chi-squared analysis. Results This study included 210 patients with AIS. There were no significant differences in age or gender between patients with thoracic hypokyphosis (kyphosis < 20°), normal thoracic kyphosis (kyphosis 20° to 40°) and thoracic hyperkyphosis (kyphosis > 40°) (p > 0.05). Neural axis abnormalities were present in 17.9% of patients with thoracic hypokyphosis, 9.8% of patients with normal thoracic kyphosis and 13.6% of patients with thoracic hyperkyphosis (p = 0.60). There were no significant differences in rates of Chiari malformation, syrinx, intra-spinal masses and other central nervous system abnormalities between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Thoracic kyphosis was not associated with neural axis abnormalities in our consecutive series of patients with AIS. Increased thoracic kyphosis may not be a reliable indicator for the presence of neural axis abnormalities in patients with AIS. Level of Evidence IV
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Hwang, Steven W., Amer F. Samdani, Mark Tantorski, Patrick Cahill, Jason Nydick, Anthony Fine, Randal R. Betz, and M. Darryl Antonacci. "Cervical sagittal plane decompensation after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: an effect imparted by postoperative thoracic hypokyphosis." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 15, no. 5 (November 2011): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.6.spine1012.

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Object Several studies have characterized the relationship among postoperative thoracic, lumbar, and pelvic alignment in the sagittal plane. However, little is known of the relationship between postoperative thoracic kyphosis and sagittal cervical alignment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treated with all pedicle screw constructs. The authors examined this relationship and associated factors. Methods A prospective database of pediatric patients with AIS undergoing spinal fusion between 2003 and 2005 was reviewed for those who received predominantly pedicle screw constructs for Lenke Type 1 or Type 2 curves. Parameters analyzed on pre- and postoperative radiographs were the fusion levels; cervical, thoracic, and lumbar sagittal balance; and C-2 and C-7 plumb lines. Results Preoperatively, 6 (Group A) of the 22 patients included in the study had frank cervical kyphosis (mean angle 13.0°) with mean associated thoracic kyphosis of 27.2° (range 16°–37°). Postoperatively, cervical kyphosis (13.0°) remained in the patients in Group A along with mean thoracic kyphosis of 17.7° (range 4°–26°, p < 0.05). Preoperatively, the remaining 16 of 22 patients had neutral to lordotic cervical alignment (mean −13.8°) with thoracic kyphosis (mean 45°, range 30°–76°). Postoperatively, 8 (Group B) of these 16 patients demonstrated cervical sagittal decompensation (> 5° kyphosis), with 6 showing frank cervical kyphosis (10.5°, p < 0.05). In Group B, the mean postoperative thoracic kyphosis was 25.6° (range 7°–49°, p < 0.05). The other 8 patients (Group C) had mean postoperative thoracic kyphosis of 44.1° (range 32°–65°), and there was no cervical decompensation (p < 0.05). Conclusions The sagittal profile of the thoracic spine is related to that of the cervical spine. The surgical treatment of Lenke Type 1 and 2 curves by using all pedicle screw constructs has a significant hypokyphotic effect on thoracic sagittal plane alignment (19 [86%] of 22 patients). If postoperative thoracic kyphosis is excessively decreased (mean 25.6°, p < 0.05), the cervical spine may decompensate into significant kyphosis.
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Elpeze, Gönül, and Günseli Usgu. "The Effect of a Comprehensive Corrective Exercise Program on Kyphosis Angle and Balance in Kyphotic Adolescents." Healthcare 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2022): 2478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122478.

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of a comprehensive corrective exercise program on the kyphosis angle and balance in kyphotic adolescents. A total of 62 male adolescents (between the ages of 10 and 18, mean BMI 21.7 kg/m2) with a thoracic kyphosis (TK) angle of ≥ 50° were divided into three groups using the simple randomization method: CCEP (comprehensive corrective exercise program), TEP (thoracic exercise program) and control group. The CCEP program consisted of corrective exercises plus postural perception training (PPT). Exercise programs were applied for 40–50 min, 3 days a week for 12 weeks. The kyphosis angle was measured using a flexible ruler, and balance was assessed using the Romberg index obtained from pedobarography. After training, a highly significant reduction in the kyphosis angle was observed in the CCEP and TEP groups (p < 0.001). Comparison among the groups showed a greater reduction in the kyphosis angle in the CCEP group (p < 0.020). Postural perception improved in the CCEP group versus other groups (p < 0.001). Improvement of the Romberg index (balance) was found only in the CCEP group upon within-group comparison (p < 0.001), with no difference among the groups (p > 0.05). The use of postural perception in combination with corrective exercise programs for thoracic kyphosis represents a comprehensive approach, and PPT can increase the effectiveness of the intervention.
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Nadulich, K. A., V. M. Shapovalov, A. V. Teremshonok, and S. V. Vasilevich. "EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF CORRECTION FEATURES OF POSTTRAUMATIC KYPHOSIS OF THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE." Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 16, no. 2 (August 17, 2010): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2010-0-2-86-88.

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Experimental biomechanical study was performed in 60 spine specimens. Anterior wedge osteotomy and fixation of a specimen in a kyphotic position modeled kyphotic deformity. Deformity correction with various instrumentation systems was firstly performed by maximal extension of segments adjacent to kyphosis-producing block, and carried on after crossing of intervertebral anatomical structures. The study resulted in defining rational approach to surgical correction of posttraumatic deformities in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Minor kyphotic deformities are effectively corrected by instrumentation without mobilization of the spine. Large unfixed kyphosis sometimes requires anterior mobilization. Cases with rigid posttraumatic kyphotic deformity should be operated on with combined mobilization of the spine.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thoracic kyphosis"

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Vaughn, Daniel W. "The effectiveness of a prescriptive therapeutic exercise program as an intervention for excessive thoracic kyphosis." 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 307-322). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Sou, Sandy Veng-In, and 蘇詠妍. "The Effects of Individualized Pilates Exercises on People with Thoracic Kyphosis Posture." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34983026273579348032.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
物理治療暨輔助科技學系
99
Background: Posture plays an important role for the whole spinal alignment and load-transferring. In our daily living, habitual poor posture has always been found, and commonly, with insufficient concern. One of the most common poor postures is the thoracic kyphosis posture. For managing faculty posture, exercises have been recommended as a major intervention. In the recent years, Pilates has become more popular, however, its effects on improving posture have not been rigorously investigated. Purpose: To investigate the effects of a 4-6 week (12 sessions) Pilates apparatus or Pilates mat exercise program on improving thoracic kyphosis posture, thoracic mobility, forward head posture, trunk forward bending flexibility, trunk flexor and extensor endurance, and quality of movement. Study design: A prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial with 2-month longitudinal follow-up study. Methods: Forty-five participants with thoracic kyphosis posture were recruited in this study. They were randomized into 3 groups: (1) the control group (CG), (2) the Pilates-apparatus group (PAG), and (3) the Pilates-mat group (PMG). Subjects of the PAG and PMG received 12 sessions within 4 to 6 weeks of Pilates exercise intervention according to group assignment. The evaluation and outcome measurements were performed at the beginning of the intervention, upon the completion of the intervention, and at 2-month follow-up. Outcome measures: Objective outcomes included the thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic mobility (the global and regional range of motion of the thoracic flexion and extension), forward head angles (FHA), trunk flexor and extensor endurance, trunk forward bending flexibility, quality of movement, and the perceived posture improvement. Statistical analysis: Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs with pairwise comparison tests were used to examine the group by time interaction (α = 0.01) as well as the between-group and within-group differences (α = 0.05). Results: The baseline data of all outcome measures among three groups demonstrated no statistical significant differences. Significantly more decreases of the thoracic kyphosis angle and the FHA were found in the PAG and PMG as compared to the controls upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up in both standing and sitting positions. Significant improvements of thoracic kyphosis angle and the FHA were demonstrated in both the PAG and PMG but not the CG upon completion of the training and at 2-month follow-up. For the ranges of thoracic flexion, only the PAG but not the PMG or CG showed significant increases in mobility upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up as compared to the baseline. However, there were no significant differences among groups at three different time points. For the ranges of thoracic extension and the lower thoracic flexion, significantly more ranges were found in the PAG and PMG as compared to the CG upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up. Results of the within-group comparisons confirmed that statistically significant improvements were found upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up in the PAG and PMG but not the CG. Upon the completion of training, only the PAG demonstrated significantly more upper thoracic extension as compared to the CG and the PMG, however, there were no significant within-group differences for each group at this time point as compared to the baseline. At 2-month follow-up, PAG and PMG showed significantly more upper thoracic extension as compared to the CG (no difference was found between the PAG and the PMG). Significant improvements of the upper thoracic extension were found only in the PAG and PMG at 2-month follow-up as compared to baseline, but no differences were found between 2-month follow-up & completion of training. Significantly better endurance and perceived posture improvement, quality of movement were found in the PAG and PMG as compared to the CG, but no differences were found between the PAG & PMG) upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up. Both the PAG and PMG demonstrated significant improvement of trunk endurance and perceived posture improvement, and movement quality upon the completion of training and at 2-month follow-up as compared to baseline. However, for most outcomes, there were no differences between 2-month follow-up and completion of training. Treatment effects were not shown in trunk forward bending flexibility since there were no statistically significant between-group and within-group differences at all. Conclusion: This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of the Pilates apparatus and Pilates mat exercises on people with the thoracic kyphosis posture. Most of the outcome variables demonstrated positive improvement after either the Pilates apparatus or mat exercise training, and most effects could be maintained until 2-month follow-up. Twelve sessions of 4 to 6 week individualized Pilates apparatus and Pilates mat exercise trainings were effective on improving the thoracic kyphosis posture, thoracic mobility, trunk muscle endurance, and quality of movement. Clinical Relevance: Pilates exercises enriched the variations of the physical therapists’ treatment skills. Through the practice of the Pilates apparatus/mat exercise, people could decrease their excessive thoracic kyphosis posture as well as improve their movement quantity and quality
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Castelo, Branco Kim Bianca. "Chiropractic manipulative therapy of the thoracic spine in combination with stretch and strengthening exercises, in improving postural kyphosis in women." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14021.

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M.Tech. (Chiropractic)
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine or stretch and strengthening exercises (stretching the pectoralis major muscle and strengthening the rhomboid, middle and inferior trapezius muscles), versus the combined treatment of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine in conjunction with the stretch and strengthening exercises. This would then establish which treatment approach was the most effective in improving postural kyphosis with regards to a change in thoracic curvature over time. Method: A total of thirty female participants volunteered to take part in this study. All the participants were between the ages of twenty and thirty nine. The participants were randomly placed into one of three groups, each group consisted of ten participants. Group 1 received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine. Group 2 received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine as well as stretch and strengthening exercises i.e. stretching the pectoralis major muscles and strengthening the rhomboid, middle and inferior trapezius muscles. Group 3 received stretch and strengthening exercises. The stretch and strengthening exercises were performed in the consultation rooms to ensure that the participants were complying with the treatment and doing the exercises properly. Procedure: In this study group 1 participants received treatment once a week for 6 weeks. Groups 2 and 3 participants received 3 treatments a week for 6 weeks. Postural advice was given to all 3 groups. One final follow-up visit was done in the 7th week where no treatment was administered but only data collection was done. Objective data was recorded at the beginning of the first, fourth and seventh consultations for Group 1 and the first, tenth and nineteenth consultations for groups 2 and 3. Objective data included the Flexicurve® Ruler measurements for the angle of kyphosis. Visual analysis was done by taking lateral (sagittal) view photographs at the beginning of the initial and final consultations. Results: Statistical analysis performed included the non-parametric tests to determine if significant results were found over time. The Friedman and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were performed for the intragroup analysis and the Kruskall-Wallis test for the intergroup analysis. Statistical analysis revealed significant statistical changes for the intragroup results for all 3 groups. No significant statistical difference was found between the groups for the intergroup analysis. Conclusion: The study showed that all three treatment protocols for groups 1, 2, and 3 were effective. However, group 1 had not shown a great improvement in their postural kyphosis. Group 3 had shown a VII relatively good improvement in their posture. Group 2 had shown the best results with regards to improvement of the participants’ posture. Therefore in conclusion group 2 and 3 treatment protocols can be used effectively to treat postural kyphosis but group 2’s treatment protocol consisting of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy to the thoracic spine in combination with stretch and strengthening exercises will yield the best results.
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Lin, Hung-Yen, and 林弘雁. "The Effects of GYROKINESIS® on Posture and Spinal Mobility in Young Adults with Thoracic Kyphosis Posture." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h6mef9.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
物理治療暨輔助科技學系
103
Background: In daily living, habitual poor posture has often been found, and commonly, with insufficient concern. One of the most common poor postures is the thoracic kyphosis posture. For managing the faulty posture, exercises have been recommended as a major intervention. GYROKINESIS® is an exercise system comprising circular, fluid movements that engage the spine and pelvis combined with specific breathing patterns. Benefits of this form of exercise are purported to include improved flexibility and muscle strength as well as improved posture. However, its effects have not been investigated. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of 12-week GYROKINESIS® training on improving thoracic kyphosis posture, thoracic mobility, forward head/shoulder posture, trunk forward bending flexibility, muscle endurance of trunk flexor, extensor, and plank test, and perceived improvement in overall health and posture. Study design: A prospective, randomized controlled trial with 2-month longitudinal follow-up study. Methods: Sixty participants aged from 18 to 40 years with thoracic kyphosis posture (kyphosis angle  40o) were recruited into this study. They were randomized into two groups: (1) the control group (CG, n=30), (2) the GYROKINESIS® group (GG, n=30). Subjects of GG received 12 weeks, twice a week of GYROKINESIS® intervention. Evaluation was performed at the beginning of the intervention, upon the completion of the 6 weeks, 12 weeks intervention, and at the 2-month follow-up. Outcome measures: Outcome measures included thoracic kyphosis angle, thoracic mobility (the range of motion of the thoracic flexion, extension, side bending, rotation), forward head angle, trunk forward bending flexibility, chest mobility, muscle endurance of trunk flexors, extensors, the plank test, and perceived improvement on posture and overall health. Statistical analysis: Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the between-group and within-group differences (α = 0.05). Results: Compared to the control group, a 12-week GYROKINESIS exercise showed significant effects on most of the outcomes including thoracic kyphosis posture (p<0.001), thoracic mobility in sagittal plane (p<0.001) and frontal planes (p=0.001), forward head posture (p<0.001), forward bending flexibility (p=0.002), chest mobility (p<0.001), muscle endurance of trunk flexors (p<0.001), extensors (p<0.001), plank test (p<0.001), and perceived improvement in overall health (p<0.001) and posture (p<0.001). At the 2-month follow-up, the effectiveness found in the GG could also be maintained in most of the outcomes. Within-group comparisons for the GYROKINESIS group revealed significant improvements after 12 weeks in thoracic kyphosis posture (from 44.3 to 33.8 degrees, p<0.001), thoracic mobility in sagittal plane (from 66.1 to 80.6 degrees, p<0.001), frontal plane (from 82.2 to 90.1 degrees, p<0.001), forward head angle (from 38.6 to 36 degrees, p=0.001), trunk forward bending flexibility (from 1.9 to 6.13 centimeters, p<0.001), chest mobility (from 5.4 to 6.7 centimeters, p<0.001), muscle endurance of trunk flexors (from 111.3 to 182.7 seconds, p<0.001), extensors (from 103.8 to 148.9 seconds, p<0.001), the plank test (from 70.5 to 104.0 seconds, p<0.001), and perceived improvement in overall health (p<0.001) and posture (p<0.001). Conclusion: This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of GYROKINESIS exercises on adults with the thoracic kyphosis posture. GYROKINESIS exercise trainings were effective on improving the thoracic kyphosis posture, thoracic mobility, forward head angle, chest mobility, standing forward bending flexibility, trunk muscle endurance of flexors, extensors, the plank test, and perceived improvement in overall health and posture after 12 weeks training and at the 2-month follow-up.
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Books on the topic "Thoracic kyphosis"

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Grevitt, Michael, and John K. Webb. Kyphosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.003016.

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♦ Kyphosis may be a focal deformity limited to a few spinal segments or a more global problem involving the thoraco-lumbar spine♦ The causes are myriad and reflect all the disease processes that affect bone♦ As well as producing pain from disturbed sagittal balance, neurological complications can occur infrequently♦ Conservative treatment in established kyphotic deformity has a limited role♦ The aims of surgery are to correct the deformity, restore sagittal alignment and decompress the neural elements as required.
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Freeman, Brian J. C. Post-traumatic spinal reconstruction. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012044.

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♦ The commonest site for post-traumatic kyphosis (PTK) is the thoraco-lumbar junction♦ Symptoms of PTK may include pain, progressive deformity, neurological deficit and unacceptable cosmesis♦ Localized kyphotic deformity greater than 30 degrees increases the risk of chronic pain♦ Surgical options for the correction of PTK depend on the magnitude and location of the deformity and whether the deformity is fixed or mobile.
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Book chapters on the topic "Thoracic kyphosis"

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Pettersson, Holger, and Hans Ringertz. "SP8 Thoracic kyphosis/age [radiography]." In Measurements in Pediatric Radiology, 34–35. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1844-2_17.

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Lewis, Stephen J., and So Kato. "Cervical Osteotomies: High Thoracic Three-Column Osteotomies for Kyphosis Correction." In Cervical Spine Surgery: Standard and Advanced Techniques, 601–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93432-7_88.

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"9 Scheuermann’s Kyphosis." In Surgery of the Thoracic Spine, edited by Ali A. Baaj, U. Kumar Kakarla, and Han Jo Kim. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0039-167310.

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Sweeney, Kieron, Catherine Moran, and Ciaran Bolger. "Thoracic spinal disease." In Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery, edited by Ramez W. Kirollos, Adel Helmy, Simon Thomson, and Peter J. A. Hutchinson, 711–18. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746706.003.0061.

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The thoracic spine occupies a unique position with respect to anatomical, biomechanical, pathological, and surgical considerations. The kyphosis of the thoracic spine is offset by the lordosis in the mobile cervical spine and the principal load bearing lumbar spine maintaining a sagittal balanced posture. Due to the biomechanical properties of the thoracic spine, the incidence of thoracic disc prolapse is low. However, the anatomical features of the thoracic spine make appropriate surgical planning imperative. This chapter will cover the management and operative approaches to thoracic disc disease, including open and minimally invasive techniques. Operative approaches can be broadly divided into two groups, anterior and posterior-lateral. Each approach is discussed with respect to technique, anatomy, closure, and common complications. It will also discuss pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of osteoporotic fractures.
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Shneerson, John M. "Disorders of the thoracic cage and diaphragm." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 3504–13. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.1818_update_001.

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Disorders of the thoracic skeleton—these can lead to a severe restrictive ventilatory defect, the risk of respiratory failure being highest with (1) scoliosis—particularly if the following characteristics are present: early onset, severe angulation, high in the thorax, respiratory muscle weakness, low vital capacity; (2) kyphosis—but only if of very sharp angulation (gibbus), most commonly seen following tuberculous osteomyelitis; and (3) after thoracoplasty—historically performed as treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis....
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Lugo, Roberto, Jonathan N. Grauer, John M. Beiner, Brian K. Kwon, Alexander R. Vaccaro, and Todd J. Albert. "Kyphosis of the Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Spine." In Core Knowledge in Orthopaedics: Spine, 124–36. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-02731-1.50014-x.

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Janusz, P., Ł. Stepniak, and T. Kotwicki. "Cervical kyphosis in patients with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210498.

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de Reuver, S., RC Brink, JF Homans, L. Vavruch, H. Tropp, MC Kruyt, M. van Stralen, and RM Castelein. "Anterior lengthening in scoliosis occurs only in the disc and is similar in different types of scoliosis." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210435.

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Relative anterior spinal overgrowth (RASO) was proposed as a generalized growth disturbance and a potential initiator of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, anterior lengthening was also observed in neuromuscular (NM) scoliosis, was shown to be restricted to the apical areas and to be located in the intervertebral discs, not in the bone. In this study the goal was to determine if other scoliotic curves of known origin exhibit the similar mechanism of anterior lengthening without changes in the vertebral body. Therefore CT-scans of 18 patients in whom a short segment congenital malformation had led to a long thoracic compensatory curve without bony abnormality were included. Of each vertebral body and intervertebral disc in the compensatory curve, the anterior and posterior length was measured on CT-scans in the exact mid-sagittal plane, corrected for deformity in all three planes. The total AP% of the compensatory curve in congenital scoliosis showed a lordosis (+1.8%) that differed from the kyphosis in non-scoliotic controls (-3.0%; p<0.001), and was comparable to AIS (+1.2%) and NM scoliosis (+0.5%). This anterior lengthening was not located in the bone; the vertebral body AP% showed a kyphosis (-3.2%), similar to non-scoliotic controls (-3.4%), as well as AIS (-2.5%) and NM scoliosis (-4.5%; p=1.000). However, the disc AP% showed a lordosis (+24.3%), which sharply contrasts to the kyphotic discs of controls (-1.5%; p<0.001), but was similar to AIS (+17.5%) and NM scoliosis (+20.5%). The results demonstrate that anterior lengthening is part of the three-dimensional deformity in different types of scoliosis and is exclusively located in the intervertebral discs. The bony vertebral bodies maintain their kyphotic shape, which indicates that there is no active bony overgrowth. Anterior lengthening appears to be a passive result of any scoliotic deformity, rather than being related to the specific cause of AIS.
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Guy, A., H. Labelle, S. Barchi, and CÉ Aubin. "The impact of immediate in-brace 3D corrections on curve evolution after two years of treatment: preliminary results." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210459.

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For the brace treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), in-brace correction and brace-wear compliance are well-documented parameters associated with a greater chance of treatment success. However, the number of studies on the impact of sagittal and transverse correction on curve evolution in the context of bracing is limited. The objective of this work was to evaluate how immediate inbrace correction in the three anatomical planes is related to long-term curve evolution after two years of bracing. We performed a retrospective analysis on 94 AIS patients followed for a minimum of two years. We analyzed correlations between in-brace correction and two-year out-of-brace evolution for Cobb and apical axial rotations (ARs) in the medial thoracic and thoraco-lumbar/lumbar regions (MT & TL/L). We also studied the association between the braces’ kyphosing and lordosing effect and the evolution of thoracic kyphosis (TK) and lumbar lordosis (LL) after two years. Finally, we separated the patients into three groups based on their curve progression results after two years (corrected, stable and progressed) and compared the 3D in-brace corrections and compliance for each group. Coefficients were statistically significant for all correlations. They were weak for Cobb angles (MT: -0.242; TL/L: -0.275), low for ARs (MT: -0.423; TL/L: -0.417) and moderate for sagittal curves (TK: 0.549; LL: 0.482). In-brace coronal correction was significantly higher in corrected vs stable patients (p=0.004) while compliance was significantly higher in stable vs progressed patients (p=0.026). This study highlights the importance of initial in-brace correction in all three planes for successful treatment outcomes.
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Shneerson, John M., and Michael I. Polkey. "Disorders of the thoracic cage and diaphragm." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Pallav L. Shah, 4328–37. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0437.

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Disorders of the thoracic skeleton can lead to a severe restrictive ventilatory defect, the risk of respiratory failure being highest with (1) scoliosis—particularly if the following characteristics are present: early onset, severe angulation, high in the thorax, respiratory muscle weakness, low vital capacity; (2) kyphosis—but only if of very sharp angulation (gibbus), most commonly seen following tuberculous osteomyelitis; and (3) after thoracoplasty—historically performed as treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. While not a disorder of the skeleton, a similar pathophysiological pattern is seen in extreme obesity, and this is the fastest growing cause of referral to home ventilation centres. Arterial blood gases and quality of life can both be readily improved with non-invasive ventilation, usually using a nasal or face mask. Survival in most skeletal disorders after starting ventilation leads to apical bullae, pleural thickening/effusions, and cricoarytenoid arthritis, but rarely causes respiratory failure in the absence of other comorbidities.
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Conference papers on the topic "Thoracic kyphosis"

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Osman, Omar, Ibrahim Haydar-Ahmad, and Ali Hage-Diab. "Thoracic kyphosis alert system." In 2015 International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icabme.2015.7323282.

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V, Dinesh, Yamuna I, and R. Senthil Kumaran. "Monitoring and Feedback System in Smart Chair to Prevent Thoracic Kyphosis Disease." In 2021 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icscan53069.2021.9526342.

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Hasan, Sayyida, Vishal Sarwahi, Jesse Galina, Aaron Atlas, Yungtai Lo, and Terry Amaral. "Thoracic Cobb and Kyphosis Correction Weakly Correlates with Lumbar Cobb Correction in Selective and Non-selective Thoracic Fusion." In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.811.

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Rebelo, P., F. Maldonado, and MM Armindo. "B251 Vitreoretinal surgery with regional anesthesia in patient with severe thoracic kyphosis and multiple pulmonary co-morbilities." In ESRA Abstracts, 39th Annual ESRA Congress, 22–25 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.325.

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Van Tubergen, A., S. Van der Linden, R. Landewé, D. Van der Heijde, D. Vosse, and P. Geusens. "SAT0006 Association of thoracic kyphosis with functional ability, global well-being, and quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.358.

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Lee, Po-Chih, Charles Ledonio, A. Noelle Larson, Arthur Erdman, and David Polly. "Thoracic Volumes Correlated With Pulmonary Function Tests in Adult Scoliosis Patients Following Different Treatments in Adolescence." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3364.

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In clinical settings, doctors classify pulmonary disorders into two main categories, obstructive lung disease and restrictive lung disease. The former is characterized by the airway obstruction which is associated with several disorders like chronic bronchitis, asthma, bronchiectasis, and emphysema [1]. The latter is caused by different conditions where one of the triggers is tied to the spine deformity. In general, a pulmonary function test (PFT) [2] is used to evaluate and diagnose lung function, and physicians depend on the test results to identify the disease patterns of the patients (obstructive or restrictive lung disease). In the PFT, some parameters including total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC), and residual volume (RV) can infer the lung volume and lung capacity. Other parameters, such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), are often employed to assess the pulmonary mechanics. Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine which involves not only the curvature from side to side but also an axial rotation of the vertebrae. Restrictive lung disease often happens in scoliosis patients, especially with severe spine deformity. Spine deformity if left untreated may lead to progression of the spinal curve, respiratory complications, and the reduction of life expectancy due to the decrease in thoracic volume for lung expansion. However, the relationship between thoracic volume and pulmonary function is not broadly discussed, and anatomic abnormalities in spine deformity (ex: scoliosis, kyphosis, and osteoporosis) can affect thoracic volume. Adequate thoracic volume is needed to promote pulmonary function. Previous literature has shown that the deformity of the thoracic rib cage will have detrimental effects on the respiratory function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients [3–4]. In this paper, we aim to correlate thoracic volume and the parameters in PFTs in adult scoliosis patients 25–35 years after receiving treatments during their adolescence, either with physical bracing or spinal fusion surgery.
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Goel, V. K., H. Kuroki, S. Holekamp, V. Pitka¨nen, S. Rengachary, and N. A. Ebraheim. "Biomechanical Comparison of Two Atlantoaxial Arthrodeses in a Cadaveric Spine Model: Transarticular Screw Fixation Versus Screw and Rod Fixation." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32631.

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The causes of atlantoaxial instability include trauma, tumor, congenital malformation, or rheumatoid arthritis. Commonly available fixation techniques to stabilize the atlantoaxial complex are several posterior wiring procedures (Brooks fusion, Gallie fusion), transarticular screw procedure (Magerl technique), either alone or in combination. Wiring procedures are obviously easier to accomplish however these do not provide sufficient immobilization across the atlantoaxial complex1,3,4. On the other hand, although transarticular screw fixation (TSF) affords a much stiffer atlantoaxial arthrodesis than posterior wiring procedures. However, TSF has some drawbacks; for example the injury of vertebral artery. Furthermore, body habitus (obesity or thoracic kyphosis) may prevent from achieving the low angle needed for correct placement of screws between C1 and C2. Recently, a new technique of screw and rod fixation (SRF) that minimizes the risk of injury to the vertebral artery and allows intraoperative reduction has been reported2,6. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability imparted to the C1 and C2 vertebrae by either TSF or SRF technique in a cadaver model.
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Nadeem, Syed Ahmed, Alejandro P. Comellas, Indranil Guha, Elizabeth A. Regan, Eric A. Hoffman, and Punam K. Saha. "CT-based segmentation of thoracic vertebrae using deep learning and computation of the kyphotic angle." In Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging, edited by Barjor S. Gimi and Andrzej Krol. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2613065.

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