Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Third Australia'
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Highland, Jacqueline M. "Asian migrant writers in Australia and the negotiation of the third space." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/156.
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This thesis is a comparative study of three selected texts by Australian novelistsYasmine Gooneratne, A Change of Skies,(1991) Adib Khan, SeasonalAdjustments (1994) and Brian Castro, Birds of Passage ((1983). All three writersexplore the experiences and perceptions of their protagonists in relating to thelandscape, people and cultural traditions within the Australian context into whichthey have migrated from different Asian countries. Brian Castro’s centralcharacters, Lo Yun Shan and Seamus O’Young, are drawn from two contexts, theformer from the 19th century China while the latter is a contemporary Australianborn Chinese. Gooneratne’s and Khan’s protagonists hail from South-East Asiancontexts, which are again interestingly different, Gooneratne’s character beingfrom Sri Lanka and Khan’s from Bangladesh. From the multiplicity of culturesfrom which these texts emerge with their inevitable movements of theprotagonists between the originary and adoptive homes, there seems to be areaching towards a necessary ‘inter’ space, what Homi Bhabha calls the ‘ThirdSpace.’ In terms of perception of identity and belonging this borderline positionwould appear to be crucial to the diasporic condition. (1994, p. 53) While thisstudy explores the problematics, accommodations, resolutions and synergiesinvolved in the experience of negotiating this liminal space and living whatRushdie calls a ‘translated’ existence, (1991, p. 17) the focus is on particularprocesses crucial to that translation.
My study will suggest that the arrival at the ‘Third Space’ is represented neitheras a benign experience of adaptation to a different sense of home nor a sense ofbeing relegated to a state of permanent loss and alienation. Rather it will beapparent that the migrant experience is more mosaic than formulaic resisting neatdefinitions of movement from an initial sense of estrangement from the hostnation to accommodation and assimilation within the new society. It seems thateach individual character is poised on different and differing configurations ofcultural allegiances and identities within the’ Third Space’. The representationand perception of the’ Third Space’ ‘in relation to the performance of identity as iteration and the recreation of self…[particularly in terms of] the desire forrecognition’ (Bhabha, 2004, p.12) appears more diverse than originally envisagedby Bhabha. There appears to be a plurality of articulations within thisformulation, suggesting it is not a single, homogenous in-between space but aconstellation of ‘Third Spaces’, fluid and changing, overriding the possibility of a‘happy hybridity’ which, in any case. most theorists in the field find an untenableconcept. The tracing of this highly complex . inter-related and entangled plethoraof experiences which constitute the fate of the migrant will be explored in depthand detail in this thesis. Finally, no arrival at certain certainties is promised at itsconclusion; only, possibly, a heightening of awareness, an expansion ofunderstanding.. This provides an opportunity to revisit, indeed to rethink thecomplexities of migrant experience as not only transcending dichotomies ofinsider/outsider, belonging/alterity which are encoded in the narrative of a nation,while simultaneously affirming the processes of hybridity as crucial to theformation of a ‘double selved’ identity.
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Refatto, Antonella 1967. "Contact phenomena between Veneto, Italian and English in the third generation in Australia." Monash University, Dept. of Linguistics, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7734.
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com, rosalea cameron@gmail, and Rosalea Cameron. "The ecology of Third Culture Kids:The experiences of Australasian adults." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20041014.111617.
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The ecology of human development has been shown to be different for different cultures and sub-cultures within a particular culture, and to play a significant part in shaping the outcome traits or character profile exhibited by individuals who experience a given ecology. This is the case for members of that sub-culture of children who spend childhood years abroad; who expect to eventually repatriate to their passport country.
Those who experience the phenomenon have been called Third Culture Kids or TCKs, and the outcome profile for those with a North American background has been identified. However, no literature on children in the Australasian context exists. A progressive naturalistic study, using both qualitative and quantitative methodology, was undertaken providing foundational data on the experience of adult Australasians (Australians and New Zealanders) who had experienced such a childhood ecology. The Australasian self-reported reflections were compared with descriptions of the North American and international experience presented in existing literature. Further, accepted models of human development were merged and adapted to produce a TCK-specific model of human development. This model was a significant product of this research project.
Components of particular importance to development that nurtured the outcome profile traits were identified and represented in the model. The study incorporated three phases: phase 1 involved the in-depth interview of 3 respondents who had experienced the TCK ecology on three different continents, phase 2 involved data collection on the demographics of the broader Australasian TCK population asking questions about family choices, education, and career trajectories (N=50), and phase 3 collected in-depth descriptions of the childhood TCK ecology through voluntary response to an extensive written survey and asked for comparison with the imagined alternative ecology had respondents remained in their passport country (N=45). In both phases 1 and 3 respondents were asked to describe character traits they believed they manifested as a direct result of immersion in the TCK ecology and then suggest traits they might otherwise have manifested had the imagined alternative ecology been the nurturing environment. Tabulation of the emerging data allowed comparison and contrast with the North American outcome profile traits that have been described in literature. In both tabulations many outcome profile traits were identified as being in polar contrast with each other; the TCK could manifest either or both of the apparently opposing traits.
Manifestation was dependent upon the immediate context within which the TCK was functioning. There was shown to be a significant overlap in the outcome profile for Australasians and North Americans. However, in this study Australasians presented stronger in their self-report of altered relational patterns and traits related to resourcefulness and practical abilities than was described in the North American literature. In comparing outcome profile traits of the real TCK ecology and those that were associated with the imagined alternative ecology respondents reported that they would have been more confident and more socially competent, but less tolerant and less globally aware had they been raised in the passport country. The self-reported outcome traits or profile were linked to the developmental ecology by exploring the processes and tensions that were at work. It was shown that dynamic tensions emerged and increased in valence as the individual gradually developed polarised traits that manifested according to engagement in the multiple contexts the TCK was required to manage. The results of this study have implications for those who deploy families abroad, as well as those who educate, and nurture the social potential of TCKs. This study has served to extend understanding of the phenomenon at the international level and laid a foundation for specific understanding of the Australasian context.
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Watson, Norma. "Interaction between humanitarian social movements and the state in Australia on selected Third World Issues, 1945-1985." Thesis, Watson, Norma (1991) Interaction between humanitarian social movements and the state in Australia on selected Third World Issues, 1945-1985. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1991. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51017/.
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This thesis examines the interaction between Australian social movements with a humanitarian focus and sections of the Australian state concerned with foreign policy making in the period between 1945 and 1985, regarding four issues: Official Development Assistance; the Vietnam War and conscription; racialism and colonialism in Southern Africa; and Indonesia's invasion and annexation of East Timor. The focus is domestic even though the interaction centres on foreign policy matters.
The purpose is to understand the nature of this interaction, utilising two major and contending post-war perspectives on collective action and the state in social science; pluralism and Marxism. Studies concerning collective action and the state on Third World issues are few, and, to the author's knowledge, no major comparative study of the four topics has previously been undertaken. Nor have pluralists and Marxists done much theorising about collective action in the foreign policy realm.
This thesis argues that contemporary pluralist and Marxist theories have converged in many areas. The points of convergence concern state bias, manipulation of public opinion, the possibility of open-ended outcomes, the complexity of the state in its international setting, the conjunction of economic and political factors .in this context, the importance of issues and forces other than class ones, inequality amongst pressure groups and attitudes towards the social order. The points on which pluralists and Marxists agree help to illuminate the case studies, and the evidence supports the points on which they have converged. The Marxist perspective appears to be the stronger in that, where convergence exists, it has come about more by pluralists moving towards Marxists than vice versa, and in that Marxists have more to say on most aspects of the state and collective behaviour, their points are substantiated by the evidence, and their observations are often more subtle. The thesis draws a number of specific conclusions about the interaction between social movements with a humanitarian focus and the Australian state.
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Spencer, Alex M. Hall Hines Holt. "A Third Option Imperial Air Defense and the Pacific Dominions, 1918-1939 /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1561.
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Lord, David J. "Priesthood in a ministering community: Towards an ecclesiology for the Third Millennium." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/214.
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Within the Anglican Communion a Ministering Community is where all the people of God, the baptised in a community of faith that gathers for worship each week, are the ministers. The people are the ministers by virtue of their baptism; each one being gifted by the Holy Spirit for the mission and ministry of the church in that place at that time. God will provide sufficient giftedness for that community at that time. There is no need to look outside of that community for ministry as the entire ministry that is required is present within that community. Some people within the community will be gifted to lead people in worship and prayer, some in pastoral care, some in outreach and mission, some in education and teaching, and others to lead people in whatever other ministry that is required for that community at that time. There are various out-workings of what is a Ministering Community around the Anglican Communion; however, one of the common difficulties is the vexed question of the Theology of Priesthood in a Ministering Community. All the other roles of ministry leadership within a Ministering Community are often supported and encouraged amongst a wide range of theological viewpoints; however, the theology of Priesthood in a Ministering Community opens up a wide range of views and theological beliefs. I believe that the differences in theology stems from a misunderstanding of what priesthood is and how the theology of priesthood has developed over time since the New Testament. It is my contention that the Theology of Priesthood in a Ministering Community is ontologically the same as priesthood in a Christendom model of ministry, gathering, consecrating, breaking, blessing and absolving. There is, however, a difference of function between Ministering Community Priesthood and Christendom Priesthood. Functionally a priest in a Ministering Community is not in charge, unlike a Rector or Vicar of a parish that is in charge of a cure. This thesis will endeavour to show that the difference between Christendom Priesthood and Ministering Community Priesthood is one of function and being in charge, the question of authority plays a large part in the theology of priesthood. Authority within the structures of the Anglican Communion has been under review and question for a number of years, therefore there are still outstanding questions with regard to exactly what are the authorities within an Anglican Church. Authority is not however, merely limited to outside influences; people are also subject to their own internal authorities. Fowler's Stages of Faith (1981) helps crystallise the issues of internal authority for a person in leadership in a Ministering Community. If people have not progressed beyond Stage Three on Fowler's Stages of faith then the best that they can be is a helper as she will always need to defer to a higher external authority, whereas a person who is in stage Four or beyond on Fowler's Stages of Faith will have sufficient internal authority to be involved in leadership. Priesthood in a Ministering Community should never be seen in isolation, but always in the context of their community of faith. Communities of faith who become Ministering Communities do so as a whole, with the community commissioned for their work together which includes all the positions of leadership. The leadership is then not hierarchical in nature but rather dispersed and collegial in style. This thesis will show that the Theology of Priesthood in a Ministering Community is very different from Priesthood in a Christendom model of ministry. It will show that Priesthood in a Ministering Community is closer to the presbyters that we find in the pages of the New Testament than the inherited theology of Christendom Priesthood.
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Guraieb, Izaguirre Gloria Astrid. "Social enterprises: Examining accountability for social and financial performance." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91455/1/Gloria_Guraieb_Izaguirre_Thesis.pdf.
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This research examined the influence commercial customers have on the social and financial accountability of social enterprises, specifically considering whether a dominant or diversified customer base impacts on social enterprise accountability. Findings revealed that social enterprise accountability was influenced by social enterprises' main stakeholder(s), not necessarily the dominant customer. Accountability practices focused on fulfilling social enterprises' main stakeholders' accountability demands, and reporting to them rather than reporting on performance to a broader range of stakeholders. This research enhances the understanding of stakeholder impact on social enterprises' accountability, and develops an understanding of accountability theory in a social enterprise context.
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Mersinis, Themistoklis G. "The case for contractual solutions in third party pure economic loss : a comparative review of the law in Germany, Greece, the United States, Scotland, England, Australia, Canada and New Zealand." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26773.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine third party loss in a number of jurisdictions. Third party loss is the loss suffered by persons not party to a contract as a result of the violation of a contractual obligation. Compensation poses a problem when the violation is careless as opposed to intentional and the loss that is caused is purely economic. The starting point of this work is German law where, in order to protect third parties, two contract-based mechanisms have been judicially developed, because the law of delict, based on a system of restrictively enumerated, statutory delicts, provides no protection for pure economic loss. The two mechanisms are Drittschadensliquidation and contract with protective effects vis-á-vis third parties concerns the violation of protective duties which do not concern performance, affecting personal, property, and/or financial interests of the third party not related tot he performance. The mechanisms were developed mainly in the course of the present century and have expanded to numerous applications, for instance: indirect agency; expert opinion, including valuators' and auditors' liability; attorney liability; liability for services, works, medical treatment. The mechanisms, debated vigorously by theorists, are remarkable examples of judicial law-making. The mechanisms of German law, their applications, the theoretical bases, the relationship between them and the judicial activism that led to their formulation are presented and analysed. In Greek law, where the law of delict is based on a general clause and not on enumerated delicts, protection in delict for pure economic loss probably exists. Therefore, as in a similar system, that of France, third party loss is not a distinct, pressing problem. On the other hand, there are certain doubts whether delictual protection is certain or whether it is the best option. Thus the possibility of contractual solutions is worth examining, even if only to reject their relevance to Greek law. In American law, in comparison to other common law jurisdictions, more efficient protection for third parties exists. The third party beneficiary rule, a contractual mechanism to confer benefits to non parties, has expanded impressively. Moreover, liability in tort for pure economic loss is more extended than elsewhere in the common law world but, nevertheless, is substantially deficient. It is argued that contract could expand to cover cases of third party (pure economic) loss and that this is the most viable and preferable way for improvement. Despite the existence of a general clause in delict and the jus quaesitum tertio (a means to confer benefits on non parties by contract), Scots law is seriously handicapped in dealing with pure economic loss cases due to the influence of English law. It is argued that the Scots law of pure economic loss is not identical to English law and that reform by increasing the role of the contract is desirable and manageable, provided the necessary judicial determination is present. Among Commonwealth major systems, Canadian, Australian, New Zealand and English laws, the latter stands as an exception, clinging to traditional doctrines and applying, with few exceptions, an exclusionary rule to pure economic loss claims. In the other jurisdictions, otherwise so closely connected, the law is distinctly different. It is difficult to evaluate this different approach to pure economic loss. Commonwealth systems should also contemplate reform tending towards encouraging contract-based approaches. Most likely, this reform will require more than judicial law-making. The conclusion focuses principally on the desirability of an increased role for contract in third party loss cases, on the advantages of a more unified civil liability system - a system with greater intechangeability between contract and delict - and on the importance of judicial assertiveness in the process of keeping the law up-to-date and responding to new social needs.
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Whitehead, Eileen. "A Leap In The Dark: Identity, Culture And The Trauma Of War Mediated Thorough The Visual Arts Of North-East European Migrants And Émigrés To Australia After 1945." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1438.
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This thesis explores the contribution to the cultural life of post-war Australia by migrant artists from north-eastern Europe. It researches the lives and work not only of displaced artists arriving in the mass exodus from Europe after the Second World War, but also second and third generation artists descended from original migrant families, and much later émigré artists.
Art histories written to date about the post-war period provide little coverage of the contributionto the art and culture of Australia by migrant artists from north-eastern Europe. The coverage in the literature written about the visual art produced by established Australian artists is far greater than that given to the migrant artists also exhibiting at the same time. Insofar as the ‘gap’ in the literature is concerned, this research reveals a number of factors which appear to have influenced the non-recognition of migrant art—such as, poor reception of abstract art in Australia post-war and the protection of established Australian artists. The impact of European abstract expressionism that migrants introduced in the 1950s had a lasting effect on Australian modern art, together with the innovation of their contemporary sculpture, which changed the urban landscape of Australian cities.
This research questions the possible long term repercussions emanating from colonial Anglocentric Australian government policies, which in turn leads to questions about the importance and location of cultural heritage, sense of identity, third space and cultural hybridity. With a focus on migrant artists from north-eastern Europe—the Baltic States and Poland—the research investigates how second and third generation artists locate their visual art in relation to their cultural environment and how they navigate between their cultural heritage and the cultural mosaic of an Australian context. The impact of war on artists from migrant families through the subjugated experience of those families is also addressed to ascertain any effect on the visual art currently being produced.
Interviews were conducted with ten artists of north-east European ancestry, using an ethnographic qualitative research methodology incorporating in-depth interviews together with close analysis of artwork during interview or subsequent contact in the artists’ studios and at exhibitions of their work.
Research revealed that, regarding a sense of belonging and identity, nine of the ten artists still retain a perception of living between cultures, which appears congruous with the importance of the retention of language and ‘home’ culture. Making art appears to strengthen their sense of living between cultures, and their creative praxis combines experiences passed down through the generations fused into their own Australian life-world, modified and shaped within a third space of meaning. The thesis argues that second and third generation Australian artists, whilst engaging with contemporary issues, make reference to cultural traditions interspersed with comment on contemporary conditions, resulting in a syncretic articulation which forms a third space of cultural transformation and unity.
The investigation into the impact of war, particularly World War II, revealed that only five participating artists directly manifest war themes in their visual art. However, the repercussions of that war and the Cold War, which lasted for many years after the Second World War, appear to have been subconsciously imprinted on the artwork of all three categories of artist, i.e. second and third generation and émigré artists.
The cultural aesthetics migrants introduced has had a long-lasting effect on Australian tastes generally and on art education in particular. This research underlines the particular contribution of migrant artists from north-east Europe, revealing the aesthetic value such cultural integration has produced. This research seeks to initiate dialogue and a growing understanding of the rich and complex history of art and culture which migration has stimulated in Australia since the 1950s.
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Danenberg, James Marcus. "Australian non-government organizations' involvement in third world forestation : a comparative analysis /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ard179.pdf.
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Cutten, Julie Michele. "'Equal partners'? : the construction of third world women within Australian development agencies /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armc991.pdf.
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Goh, Talisha. "Re-Composing Feminism: Australian women composers in the new millennium." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2194.
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In the age of postfeminism and fourth-wave feminism online, Australian women composers are theoretically able to “have it all,” however, the proportion of women in the occupation appears to have plateaued in recent years. In this thesis, I explore the multiple ways in which gender and feminism interact with practising Australian women composers. Feminist musicology has had a large impact on the Australian musicological scene, with theorists such as McClary and Macarthur bringing the subject of women in music to the fore in the 1990s, aiding efforts to advocate for reform on behalf of women composers. Additionally, third-wave feminist scholars such as Hartsock have argued for the study of women’s experiences within maledominated disciplines such as musicology. Using feminist standpoint theory as a foundation, this thesis examines the experiences of practising Australian women composers, finding multi-faceted and contradictory views of feminism and gender. A principal case study of composer Kate Moore examines how gender has shaped her career trajectory. Finally, a neo-Riemannian analysis of Moore’s work, Violins and Skeletons (2010), illustrates how gender may shape compositional strategies, speculating upon the fraught relationship women composers have with the conventions of Western art music because their work implicitly functions outside of, or against, the canon. This research highlights the importance of studying minority experiences in musicology, and how they relate to the dominant aesthetic and intellectual traditions.
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Yazdani, Anuschirawan. "The professional and personal impact of the Australian and New Zealand comprehensive gynaecological surgery training program on specialists in training and third-party stakeholders." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235134/1/Anuschirawan_Yazdani_Thesis.pdf.
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This research explores why specialists undertake further training in advanced gynaecological surgery, how and why such training pathways develop and how they are regulated.
This research advocated for the acceptance of alternative training pathways and shaped postgraduate medical education and workforce planning.
Through a mixed-methods approach, this thesis constructs a historical timeline as the foundation for a critical analysis of the professionalization of operative gynaecology and establishes the main reasons for advanced training as the development of surgical competency, recognition, certification, and involvement in academic activities, emphasizing the training unit, surgical case load, a structured curriculum and peer group.
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Mallett, Ross A. History Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of History, 1999. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710.
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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the interplay between the technology, tactics and organisation of the First AIF. Warfare in the twentieth warfare is characterised by the presence of certain technologies that give it a distinctive nature and which first appeared in the Great War. It was in the Great War that the highly dispersed form of tactics that we know today emerged. Thus, it is a natural starting point not only for the examination of warfare in the era of technology but for considering the nature of technological change itself. My Australian perspective enabled issues to be looked at to a depth that would not be possible in a work of this length with a broader view. I have argued that the Great War was characterised by the problem of trench warfare, and I have traced the progress of tactical, technological and organisational developments that ultimately supplied the solutions. I have also shown how the Great War was not only a war of technology in which new technologies were introduced and developed, but also one which saw the spread of new ways of thinking about military technology. In preparing this thesis, I have inspected the actual battlefields in France, Belgium and Turkey. I have drawn on a broad range of published material, but the thesis is largely based upon the primary documents found in the Australian War Memorial and Australian National Archives.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Bergin, Anthony Samuel. "Australia and the third United Nations conference on the law of the sea." Phd thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/132094.
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The Third United Nations conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 111) that took
place between 1973-1982 was the most comprehensive political and legislative work ever
undertaken by the United Nations. Arguably the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea
that resulted from the conference in terms of the range of interests involved is the most
important multilateral treaty Australia has ever signed after the UN Charter itself.
Australia was an influential player at the negotiations in which almost every state in the
world participated. The Australian position on most issues at the conference was
accepted in the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea.
This thesis provides a history of Australian law of the sea diplomacy at UNCLOS 111.
The study seeks to analyse Australian policy objectives at the conference in terms of
Australian negotiating strategies and tactics. It is argued that at UNCLOS 111 Australia
moved away from its traditional position on law of the sea issues which was to support
the maritime powers. Instead Australia moved at the conference to align itself with
coastal state positions. The study seeks to identify Australia’s overall role in the
negotiations and analyse the reasons why Australian negotiators were remarkably
successful in promoting Australia’s interests.
The study draws certain lessons from Australia’s UNCLOS 111 experience that may be
relevant for Australian participation in future exercises in conference diplomacy. The
study concludes with a consideration of whether Australia should ratify the 1982
Convention and discusses Australia’s implementation of the Convention. Conclusions
are drawn on the relevance of Australia’s law of the sea diplomacy for the future direction
of Australian foreign policy.
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Fiveash, Tina Dale Media Arts College of Fine Arts UNSW. "The enigma of appearances: photography of the third dimension." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44259.
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The Enigma of Appearances is an examination into the medium of three-dimensional photography, with particular focus on the technique of stereoscopy. Invented in the mid-Victorian era, stereoscopy was an attempt to simulate natural three-dimensional perception via a combination of optics, neurology, and a pair of dissimilar images. Whilst successful in producing a powerful illusion of spatial depth and tangibility, the illusion produced by stereoscopy is anything but ??natural??, when compared to three-dimensional perception observed with the naked eye. Rather, stereoscopic photography creates a strange and unnatural interpretation of three-dimensional reality, devoid of atmosphere, movement and sound, where figures appear frozen in mid-motion, like waxwork models, or embalmed creatures in a museum. However, it is precisely stereoscopic photography??s unique and enigmatic interpretation of three-dimensional reality, which gives it its strength, separating it from being a mere ??realistic?? recording of the natural world. This thesis examines the unique cultural position that stereoscopy has occupied since its invention in 1838, from its early role as a tool for the study of binocular vision, to its phenomenal popularity as a form of mass entertainment in the second half of the 19th century, to its emergence in contemporary fine art practice in the late 20th and 21stt centuries. Additionally, The Enigma of Appearances gives a detailed analysis of the theory of spatial depth perception; it discusses the dichotomy between naturalia versus artificialia in relation to stereoscopic vision; and finally, traces the development of experimental studio practice and research into stereoscopic photography, undertaken for this MFA between 2005 and 2007. The resulting work, Camera Mortuaria (Italian for ??Mortuary Room??), is a powerful and innovative series of anaglyptic portraits, based upon an experimental stereoscopic technique that enables the production of extreme close-up three-dimensional photography. Applying this technique to the reproduction of the human face in three-dimensional form, Camera Mortuaria presents a series of ??photo sculptures??, which hover between reality and illusion, pushing the boundaries of stills photography to the limit, and beyond.
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Pickles, Katrien Louise. "Children’s and adults’ experiences of neighbourhood playgrounds in regional Australia: a mixed methods study of how families build their social networks and children's social competency at their neighbourhood playgrounds." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1426858.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Knowledge of how natural and built environments affect human development and wellbeing has increased substantially over the past three decades. Policies and programs have been implemented aiming to enhance the neighbourhoods that children and their families live and grow in, based on evidence describing how our environments shape our opportunities and behaviours. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how a person affects their development by influencing their neighbourhood. This thesis describes how children and adult caregivers enhance their experiences of neighbourhood playgrounds (public playgrounds provided by a local council in their neighbourhood), and ultimately build social competency and social networks. By highlighting individual social development as it relates to family relationships and wider social ecologies, this thesis contributes to existing research in the discipline of family studies. The historical precedents affecting the design, provision and maintenance of contemporary, neighbourhood playgrounds are questioned and interrogated against the perceptions and lived experiences of children aged 5 - 12 years and adult caregivers in present-day Australia. The processes family groups use to navigate and/or negotiate with their available social networks to enhance their neighbourhood playground experiences are investigated. The geographical site of this study is Wagga Wagga, a regional city located in the state of New South Wales, half-way between Melbourne and Sydney with a population of around 64,000 people (.id, 2016). Wagga Wagga was voted the “most family friendly city” in Australia, in 2014 (Suncorp Bank, 2014). The research employed a methodology flowing from the bioecological model of human development, developed by Bronfenbrenner and Morris (2006). This model emphasises that “the relations between an active individual and [their] active and multilevel ecology constitute the driving force of human development” (Bronfenbrenner, 2005, p. xix). By focusing on these relationships, the ability for a person to influence their own development is highlighted. A mixed-methods approach was designed to generate data to respond to the two key research questions: 1. What behavioural processes do children and their adult caregivers engage in to influence the quality of their neighbourhood playground experiences, across the varied socio-economic demographics in Wagga Wagga? 2. How does the quality of their neighbourhood playground experiences affect children's and adult caregivers' opportunities to develop social competency and family social networks? Two additional research questions emerged to enhance the gathering and analysis of the data: 3. How do playground provider stakeholders' beliefs of the purpose and value of neighbourhood playgrounds influence the design, provision and placement of neighbourhood playgrounds? 4. How do children's (aged from 5–12 years) and adult caregivers' beliefs of neighbourhood playgrounds in Wagga Wagga overlap with, or differ from, playground provider stakeholders’ beliefs? An argument catalogue analysis methodology was used to analyse the thematic overlaps and dissonances in participant responses (Abrami, Bernard, & Wade, 2006). This study identifies two key dissonances, which can be used to re-imagine neighbourhood playground provision and maintenance to better align with the beliefs of families in Wagga Wagga, in high and low income neighbourhoods. The first dissonance is between adult caregiver beliefs of responsibility, and playground provider stakeholders' beliefs of responsibility. The second dissonance is between children's beliefs of belonging and playground provider stakeholders' beliefs of belonging. By focusing on the behavioural processes that adult caregivers and children aged 5 - 12 years engage in to enhance their neighbourhood playground experiences, this research highlights the importance for individuals to be able to 1) manipulate, 2) adapt and 3) care for their neighbourhood playgrounds. Neighbourhood playgrounds offer a unique environment where responsibility for urban design can be shared between professionals and families, enhancing families' sense of support and self-worth. This research offers the concept of "neighbourhood playgrounds as a third space" as a way for children, adult caregivers and playground providers to re-imagine how the responsibility for neighbourhood playground provision and maintenance can be shared. The research findings have the potential to strengthen the link between child and family support initiatives and neighbourhood planning.
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Cutten, Julie Michele. "'Equal partners'? : the construction of third world women within Australian development agencies." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/114744.
Full textAbstract:
Analyses the way in which Third World women are constructed within two Australian development agencies - AusAID and Community Aid Abroad. Seeks to show the relevance of feminism and postmodernism to development agencies and their policies.Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Women's Studies, 1996?
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Veles, Natalia. "University professional staff in collaborative third space environments: a multiple case study of the Australian and Singapore campuses of one university." Thesis, 2020. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/69092/1/JCU_69092_Veles_2020_thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Natalia Veles conducted a qualitative multiple case study of the university third space collaboration of professional and academic staff of one Australian university across two culturally dissimilar contexts (Australia and Singapore). She developed a novel "Conceptual framework of the university cross-boundary collaboration", which is intended to improve university professional practice.
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Hawkins, John Michael. "The Limits of Fire Support: American Finances and Firepower Restraint during the Vietnam War." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151185.
Full textAbstract:
Excessive unobserved firepower expenditures by Allied forces during the Vietnam War defied the traditional counterinsurgency principle that population protection should be valued more than destruction of the enemy. Many historians have pointed to this discontinuity in their arguments, but none have examined the available firepower records in detail. This study compiles and analyzes available, artillery-related U.S. and Allied archival records to test historical assertions about the balance between conventional and counterinsurgent military strategy as it changed over time.
It finds that, between 1965 and 1970, the commanders of the U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV), Generals William Westmoreland and Creighton Abrams, shared significant continuity of strategic and tactical thought. Both commanders tolerated U.S. Army, Marine Corps, and Allied unobserved firepower at levels inappropriate for counterinsurgency and both reduced Army harassment and interdiction fire (H&I) as a response to increasing budgetary pressure. Before 1968, the Army expended nearly 40 percent of artillery ammunition as H&I – a form of unobserved fire that sought merely to hinder enemy movement and to lower enemy morale, rather than to inflict any appreciable enemy casualties. To save money, Westmoreland reduced H&I, or “interdiction” after a semantic name change in February 1968, to just over 29 percent of ammunition expended in July 1968, the first full month of Abrams’ command. Abrams likewise pursued dollar savings with his “Five-by-Five Plan” of August 1968 that reduced Army artillery interdiction expenditures to nearly ten percent of ammunition by January 1969. Yet Abrams allowed Army interdiction to stabilize near this level until early 1970, when recurring financial pressure prompted him to virtually eliminate the practice. Meanwhile, Marines fired H&I at historically high rates into the final months of 1970 and Australian “Harassing Fire” surpassed Army and Marine Corps totals during the same period. South Vietnamese artillery also fired high rates of H&I, but Filipino and Thai artillery eschewed H&I in quiet areas of operation and Republic of Korea [ROK] forces abandoned H&I in late 1968 as a direct response to MACV’s budgetary pressure. Financial pressure, rather than strategic change, drove MACV’s unobserved firepower reductions during the Vietnam War.