Journal articles: 'Thiosulfate'

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Munawarah, Fitriatul, Budy Wiryono, and Muliatiningsih Muliatiningsih. "PERANAN FITOREMEDIASI PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG EMAS DI KECAMATAN JONGGAT KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH." Jurnal Agrotek Ummat 4, no. 2 (August 20, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/agrotek.v4i2.982.

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Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan Amonium thiosulfat dan Sodium thiosulfat sebagai bahan pengkhelat pada proses Fitoremediasi dengan menggunakan tanaman Paspalum conjugatum (Rumput Paitan). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental yang dilakukan di lapangan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2017. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan variasi perlakuan: PAT1 = pemberian Amonium thiosulfat sebanyak 1 gr, PAT2 = pemberian Amonium thiosulfat sebanyak 2 gr, PST1 = pemberian Sodium thiosulfat sebanyak 1 gr, PST2 = pemberia Sodium thiosulfat sebanyak 2 gr. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 12 unit percobaan. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi konsentrasi Hg pada tanaman, berat berangkasan, dan tinggi tanaman. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan standar deviasi mean. Bahan pengkhelat Amonium thiosulfat lebih tinggi mengikat Hg di bandingkan dengan Sodium thiosulfat. Konsentrasi kadar total Hg tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan Amonium thiosulfat dosis 2 gr/15 liter sebesar 1137,87 ppm. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi Hg pada tanah mengakibatkan pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat.Abstract: Ammonium thiosulfate and Sodium thiosulfate as chelating material in the Phytoremediation process using Paspalum conjugatum (Paitan Grass). The method used in this study is an experimental method conducted in the field from May to July 2017. The study was designed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with a variety of treatments: PAT1 = giving 1 gr Ammonium thiosulfate, PAT2 = giving 2 gr Ammonium thiosulfate giving, PST1 = giving 1 gr Sodium thiosulfate, PST2 = giving 2 grams of Sodium thiosulfate. Each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 12 experimental units. The parameters observed in this study include the concentration of Hg in plants, the weight of stature, and plant height. Observation data were analyzed using the standard deviation of the mean. The chelating agent Ammonium thiosulfate is higher in binding to Hg compared to Sodium thiosulfate. The highest concentration of total Hg was found in Ammonium thiosulfate treatment with a dose of 2 gr / 15 liters of 1137.87 ppm. The higher the concentration of Hg on the soil resulted in stunted plant growth.

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González Lara, Juan, Francisco Cardona, Antonio Vallmajor, and Montserrat Cadevall. "Oxidation of Thiosulfate with Oxygen Using Copper (II) as a Catalyst." Metals 9, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040387.

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Thiosulfate effluents are generated in the photography and radiography industrial sectors, and in a plant in which thiosulfates are used to recover the gold and silver contained in ores. Similar effluents also containing thiosulfate are those generated from the petrochemical, pharmaceutical and pigment sectors. In the future, the amounts of these effluents may increase, particularly if the cyanides used in the extraction of gold and silver from ores are substituted by thiosulfates, or if the same happens to electronic scrap or in metallic coating processes. This paper reports a study of the oxidation of thiosulfate, with oxygen using copper (II) as a catalyst, at a pH between 4 and 5. The basic idea is to avoid the formation of tetrathionate and polythionate, transforming the thiosulfate into sulfate. The nature of the reaction and a kinetic study of thiosulfate transformation, by reaction with oxygen and Cu2+ at a ppm level, are determined and reported. The best conditions were obtained at 60 °C, pH 5, with an initial concentration of copper of 53 ppm and an oxygen pressure of 1 atm. Under these conditions, the thiosulfate concentration was reduced from 1 g·L−1 to less than 20 ppm in less than three hours.

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Okuniewski, Andrzej, Jaroslaw Chojnacki, Katarzyna Baranowska, and Barbara Becker. "Bis(diisopropylammonium) thiosulfate and bis(tert-butylammonium) thiosulfate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 69, no. 2 (January 26, 2013): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270113001327.

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Two new dialkylammonium thiosulfates, namely bis(diisopropylammonium) thiosulfate, 2C6H16N+·S2O32−, (I), and bis(tert-butylammonium) thiosulfate, 2C4H12N+·S2O32−, (II), have been characterized. The secondary ammonium salt (I) crystallizes withZ= 4, while the primary ammonium salt (II), with more hydrogen-bond donors, crystallizes withZ= 8 and a noncrystallographic centre of inversion. In both salts, the organic cations and thiosulfate anions are linked within extensive N—H...O and N—H...S hydrogen-bond networks, forming extended two-dimensional layers. Layers are parallel to (10\overline{1}) in (I) and to (002) in (II), and have a polar interior and a nonpolar hydrocarbon exterior. The layered structure and hydrogen-bond motifs observed in (I) and (II) are similar to those in related ammonium sulfates.

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Sari, Alifiana Permata, Fadila Arum Rhamadani, Nur Layli Amanah, and Agung Nugroho. "Study of Efficiency and Reaction Rates Dechlorination of Nata De Coco Wastewater Using Sodium Thiosulfate." Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.57102/jescee.v1i2.17.

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Chemical reduction with sodium thiosulfate is commonly used to dechlorinate chlorinated waste. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommends sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) as a dechlorinating agent for waste samples containing residual chlorine before being released into the environment or entering the distribution system. However, sodium thiosulfate's efficiency and chlorination kinetics at different concentrations are still unknown due to a lack of information on chlorination kinetics. The study was conducted by determining the number of efficient doses of sodium thiosulfate and observing chlorination kinetics using sodium thiosulfate as a dechlorination agent observed at different stoichiometric ratios (1x, 1.5x, and 2x). Sodium thiosulfate at a stoichiometric dose of 2x can reduce chlorine residue by up to 0.4 ppm. The regression analysis of and constant rate are used in the kinetic analysis of sodium thiosulfate dechlorination processes. The kinetics of the chlorination process employing sodium thiosulfate is first order to the total concentration of chlorine in solution at a stoichiometric dosage of 2x, according to the findings.

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Loučka, Tomáš. "Adsorption and Oxidation of Thiosulfate on the Platinum Electrode in a Slightly Alkaline Medium." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 65, no. 1 (2000): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20000001.

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The aim of this research was to study the oxidation and reduction of the adsorbed thiosulfate on the platinum electrode in a slightly alkaline medium. The adsorption was performed at the open circuit conditions. The reduction of the adsorbed layer in the hydrogen region is slower in a slightly alkaline medium than in acid. The mechanism of reduction and oxidation of adsorbed molecules is probably the same. The nonstationary currents measured in presence of thiosulfates showed that the change in the oxidation number does not take place during the adsorption in the double layer region. In the hydrogen region, thiosulfate replaces the adsorbed hydrogen while beeing reduced. Nonstationary currents at higher concentrations of thiosulfate indicate the presence of more layers on the electrode. Upon reaching higher concentrations of thiosulfate the oxidation reaction takes place between thiosulfate in solution and adsorbed product of its reduction. The open circuit potential of the platinum electrode measured in a thiosulfate solution was 0.780 and 0.783 V against the hydrogen electrode in the same solution.

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Al-Khazaal, A. Z., F. Ahmad, and N. Ahmad. "Study on the Removal of Thiosulfate from Wastewater by Catalytic Oxidation." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 2 (April 10, 2019): 4053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2553.

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Wastewater streaming from industrial plants, including petroleum refineries, chemical plants, pulp and paper plants, mining operations, electroplating operations, and food processing plants, can contain offensive substances such as cyanide, sulfides, sulfites, thiosulfates, mercaptans and disulfides that tend to increase the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the streams. In the present work, removal of thiosulfate from wastewater by catalytic oxidation using aluminum oxide as a catalyst was studied. Four main factors were considered, namely the initial thiosulfate concentration, the hydrogen peroxide concentrations, the amount of the catalyst and the operating temperatures. The analysis of thiosulfate and sulfate was carried out by using UV Visible Spectrophotometer. An empirical rate equation was developed.

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Orzeszko, Andrzej, Anna Niedźwiecka-Komaś, Ryszard Stolarskic, and Zygmunt Kazimierczuk. "Synthesis and Conformation of Nucleoside 5'-S-Thiosulfates." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, no. 10 (October 1, 1998): 1191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-1015.

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AbstractReaction between 5′-bromo-5′-deoxy- (or 5′-tosyl-) nucleosides and sodium thiosulfate gives the respective 5′-S-thiosulfates (nucleoside Bunte salts). Conformation and some physicochemical properties of the new nucleotide analogs are described

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Lehner, Anna J., Lisa V. Schindler, and Caroline Röhr. "Kristallstrukturen der Alkalimetall-Thiosulfate A2S2O3 nH2O (A/n = K/0, K/⅓ , Rb=1) / Crystal Structures of the Alkali Thiosulfates A2S2O3 · nH2O (A/n = K/0, K/⅓ , Rb=1)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 68, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2013-3089.

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The potassium and rubidium thiosulfates (hydrates) considered in this work were originally obtained as by-products during several syntheses of mixed sulfido=oxido metallates. The interesting complexity of their structural chemistry has motivated us to investigate them in detail. The crystal structures of all title compounds have been determined using single-crystal X-ray data. The structure of the anhydrous potassium thiosulfate K2S2O3 (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a=1010.15(14), b=910.65(12), c=1329.4(2) pm, b =111.984(11)º, Z =8, R1=0.0665) exhibits two crystallographically different thiosulfate anions, overall coordinated by 9=10 potassium cations. Their packing in the structure leads to a complex structure with a pseudo orthorhombic unit cell. The structure of the anhydrous salt is discussed in comparison with the known even more complicated 1=3 hydrate K2S2O3·1/3H2O (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a=938.27(6), b=602.83(4), c=3096.0(2) pm, b =98.415(6)º, Z =12, R1=0.0327). Under the chosen experimental conditions, rubidium forms the monohydrate Rb2S2O3 ·H2O, which also crystallizes with a new, in this case less complex structure (monoclinic, space group C2/m, a=1061.4(1), b=567.92(4), c=1096.4(1) pm, b =97.40(1)º, Z =4, R1=0.0734). Its thiosulfate ions form double layers of equally oriented tetrahedral units. The bond lengths and angles of the thiosulfate ions in all title compounds and in the sodium salts used for comparison vary only very slightly (dS-S =199.8 - 203.0 pm, dS-O =144.8 - 147.4 pm), and the deviation from the ideal C3v symmetry is very small, despite their complex packing. The overall coordination number of the thiosulfate ions by the alkali cations (and water molecules) increases systematically with the ionic radius of the counter cations and the amount of water molecules. For all known alkali thiosulfates, both the conventional and the calculated effective coordination numbers (ECoN) of the alkali cations as well as the partial molar volumes of the cations and the water molecules are compared and discussed.

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Landry, Greg M., Taku Hirata, Jacob B. Anderson, Pablo Cabrero, Christopher J. R. Gallo, Julian A. T. Dow, and Michael F. Romero. "Sulfate and thiosulfate inhibit oxalate transport via a dPrestin (Slc26a6)-dependent mechanism in an insect model of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 310, no. 2 (January 15, 2016): F152—F159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00406.2015.

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Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common urinary tract disorders, with the majority of kidney stones composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx). Given its prevalence (US occurrence 10%), it is still poorly understood, lacking progress in identifying new therapies because of its complex etiology. Drosophila melanogaster (fruitfly) is a recently developed model of CaOx nephrolithiasis. Effects of sulfate and thiosulfate on crystal formation were investigated using the Drosophila model, as well as electrophysiological effects on both Drosophila (Slc26a5/6; dPrestin) and mouse (mSlc26a6) oxalate transporters utilizing the Xenopus laevis oocyte heterologous expression system. Results indicate that both transport thiosulfate with a much higher affinity than sulfate Additionally, both compounds were effective at decreasing CaOx crystallization when added to the diet. However, these results were not observed when compounds were applied to Malpighian tubules ex vivo. Neither compound affected CaOx crystallization in dPrestin knockdown animals, indicating a role for principal cell-specific dPrestin in luminal oxalate transport. Furthermore, thiosulfate has a higher affinity for dPrestin and mSlc26a6 compared with oxalate These data indicate that thiosulfate's ability to act as a competitive inhibitor of oxalate via dPrestin, can explain the decrease in CaOx crystallization seen in the presence of thiosulfate, but not sulfate. Overall, our findings predict that thiosulfate or oxalate-mimics may be effective as therapeutic competitive inhibitors of CaOx crystallization.

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Anandham, R., P. Indiragandhi, M. Madhaiyan, Kyounga Kim, Woojong Yim, V. S. Saravanan, Jongbae Chung, and Tongmin Sa. "Thiosulfate oxidation and mixotrophic growth of Methylobacterium oryzae." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 7 (July 2007): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w07-057.

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Thiosulfate oxidation and mixotrophic growth with succinate or methanol plus thiosulfate was examined in nutrient-limited mixotrophic condition for Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20, which was recently characterized and reported as a novel species isolated from rice. Methylobacterium oryzae was able to utilize thiosulfate in the presence of sulfate. Thiosulfate oxidation increased the protein yield by 25% in mixotrophic medium containing 18.5 mmol·L–1of sodium succinate and 20 mmol·L–1of sodium thiosulfate on day 5. The respirometric study revealed that thiosulfate was the most preferable reduced inorganic sulfur source, followed by sulfur and sulfite. Thiosulfate was predominantly oxidized to sulfate and intermediate products of thiosulfate oxidation, such as tetrathionate, trithionate, polythionate, and sulfur, were not detected in spent medium. It indicated that bacterium use the non-S4intermediate sulfur oxidation pathway for thiosulfate oxidation. Thiosulfate oxidation enzymes, such as rhodanese and sulfite oxidase activities appeared to be constitutively expressed, but activity increased during growth on thiosulfate. No thiosulfate oxidase (tetrathionate synthase) activity was detected.

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Nakajima, Takatsugu, Yusuke Kawano, Iwao Ohtsu, Akiko Maruyuama-Nakashita, Alaa Allahham, Muneo Sato, Yuji Sawada, Masami Yokota Hirai, Tadashi Yokoyama, and Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu. "Effects of Thiosulfate as a Sulfur Source on Plant Growth, Metabolites Accumulation and Gene Expression in Arabidopsis and Rice." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 8 (May 11, 2019): 1683–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz082.

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Abstract Plants are considered to absorb sulfur from their roots in the form of sulfate. In bacteria like Escherichia coli, thiosulfate is a preferred sulfur source. It is converted into cysteine (Cys). This transformation consumes less NADPH and ATP than sulfate assimilation into Cys. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thiosulfate promoted growth more than sulfate. In the present study, the availability of thiosulfate, the metabolite transformations and gene expressions it induces were investigated in Arabidopsis and rice as model dicots and monocots, respectively. In Arabidopsis, the thiosulfate-amended plants had lower biomass than those receiving sulfate when sulfur concentrations in the hydroponic medium were above 300 μM. In contrast, rice biomass was similar for plants raised on thiosulfate and sulfate at 300 μM sulfur. Therefore, both plants can use thiosulfate but it is a better sulfur source for rice. In both plants, thiosulfate levels significantly increased in roots following thiosulfate application, indicating that the plants absorbed thiosulfate into their root cells. Thiosulfate is metabolized in plants by a different pathway from that used for sulfate metabolism. Thiosulfate increases plant sulfide and cysteine persulfide levels which means that plants are in a more reduced state with thiosulfate than with sulfate. The microarray analysis of Arabidopsis roots revealed that 13 genes encoding Cys-rich proteins were upregulated more with thiosulfate than with sulfate. These results together with those of the widely targeted metabolomics analysis were used to proposes a thiosulfate assimilation pathway in plants.

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&NA;. "Sodium thiosulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1365 (August 2011): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113650-00160.

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&NA;. "Sodium thiosulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1404 (June 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214040-00124.

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Chan, C. W., and Isamu Suzuki. "Thiosulfate oxidation by sulfur-grown Thiobacillus thiooxidans cells, cell-free extracts, and thiosulfate-oxidizing enzyme." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 816–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-130.

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The oxidation of thiosulfate by Thiobacillus thiooxidans grown on sulfur was studied in cells, cell-free extracts, and a thiosulfate-oxidizing enzyme system. Thiosulfate was oxidized to tetrathionate by cells treated with N-ethylmaleimide with a pH optimum at 2.3. The cell-free extracts also oxidized thiosulfate with the same pH optimum and O2 consumption. Untreated cells, on the other hand, oxidized thiosulfate to sulfite in the presence of 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide, an inhibitor of sulfite oxidation. The cells treated with N-ethylmaleimide showed two Km values for thiosulfate while the cell-free system showed only one Km. The Km value for thiosulfate generally increased with the increasing pH. A soluble thiosulfate-oxidizing enzyme system was extracted from the cells at pH 2.5 in the presence of 1 M ammonium sulfate by passage through a French pressure cell. The system contained a native cytochrome c that was reduced by thiosulfate at pH 2.5 and a thiosulfate-ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity with a pH optimum around 2.0. The acidic extract also contained a component that reduced horse heart cytochrome c at a neutral pH. The reduction at an acidic pH required sulfite.Key words: thiosulfate oxidation, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, tetrathionate, sulfite.

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Fleck, Michel, and Ladislav Bohatý. "Compounds of glycine with metal sulfates and thiosulfates: glycine cobalt sulfate pentahydrate, glycine sodium thiosulfate dihydrate and glycine potassium thiosulfate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 62, no. 1 (December 24, 2005): m22—m26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270105040606.

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Brezeanu, Maria, Mikaela Badea, Georges Morgant, Bernard Viossat, Sylvie Bouttier, Jacky Fourniat, Dana Marinescu, and Dung Nguyen Huy. "Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Diaqua(1,10-Phenanthroline-N,N′)(Thiosulfato-O,S)Manganese(II). Biological Properties." Metal-Based Drugs 5, no. 5 (January 1, 1998): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mbd.1998.305.

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The synthesis of diaqua(1,10-phenanthroline-N,N′)(thiosulfato-O,S)manganese(ll) [Mn(phen)(S2O3)(H2O)2] was investigated. Its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction from 2418 reflections (I > 3 σ(I)) to a final value of R = 0.047 and Rw = 0.054. Crystal data are as follows : space group P21 ; a = 10.356(3), b = 7.097(3), c = 20.316(2) Å, β = 94.29(2)°, V = 1489.1(8) , Å3, Z = 2. There are two independent title compounds in the asymetric unit. Each manganese atom has a distorted octahedral Mn(SO)N2O2 geometry with the S and O atoms (from two neighbouring thiosulfate ligands) mutually trans, two N atoms from the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand and two water oxygen. The thiosulfate group behaves as a bridging ligand, connecting, through sulfur and oxygen, Mn atoms related by the binary b translation, thus forming infinite chains running parallel to this axis. Infrared and electronic spectra are reported.

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Lawrence, J. R., and J. J. Germida. "Enumeration of sulfur-oxidizing populations in Saskatchewan agricultural soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 71, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss91-011.

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Heterotrophic and autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing populations in 35 Saskatchewan agricultural soils were enumerated. These populations included heterotrophs that produce thiosulfate and or sulfate during elemental sulfur (S°) oxidation, heterotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers, and autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers. Populations of Thiobacillus thiooxidans and T. ferrooxidans were not detected in any of the soils tested. Heterotrophs that oxidized S° to thiosulfate as the major oxyanion were the most abundant oxidizers enumerated (107–108 cells g−1) and were found in all soils. Autotrophic thiosulfate-oxidizers were detected in 10 of the soils surveyed. Heterotrophic S° and thiosulfate-oxidizing populations exhibited positive trends with soil pH, total-S, hydriodic reducible-S, and clay content, whereas populations of autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers were negatively correlated with these factors and positively related to sand content and increasing C:S ratios. In soils containing autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers the amount of thiosulfate relative to sulfate detected was reduced although no effect on S° oxidation rate was detected. Amendment of 15 selected agricultural soils with 0.5% S° significantly reduced total heterotrophic populations, whereas autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers increased from undetectable levels to 104 cells g−1. Therefore most Saskatchewan soils contain abundant populations of heterotrophic S° oxidizers, and populations of autotrophs that respond to S° applications. Key words: Sulfur oxidation, autotrophic sulfur oxidizers, heterotrophic sulfur oxidizers, soil properties

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Chen, Zhigang, Yongzhen Xia, Huaiwei Liu, Honglei Liu, and Luying Xun. "The Mechanisms of Thiosulfate Toxicity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Antioxidants 10, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050646.

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Elemental sulfur and sulfite have been used to inhibit the growth of yeasts, but thiosulfate has not been reported to be toxic to yeasts. We observed that thiosulfate was more inhibitory than sulfite to Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing in a common yeast medium. At pH < 4, thiosulfate was a source of elemental sulfur and sulfurous acid, and both were highly toxic to the yeast. At pH 6, thiosulfate directly inhibited the electron transport chain in yeast mitochondria, leading to reductions in oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular ATP. Although thiosulfate was converted to sulfite and H2S by the mitochondrial rhodanese Rdl1, its toxicity was not due to H2S as the rdl1-deletion mutant that produced significantly less H2S was more sensitive to thiosulfate than the wild type. Evidence suggests that thiosulfate inhibits cytochrome c oxidase of the electron transport chain in yeast mitochondria. Thus, thiosulfate is a potential agent against yeasts.

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Makzum, Somaye, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib, Hamid Babavalian, Hamid Tebyanian, and Fatemeh Shakeri. "Study on Haloalkaliphilic Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium for Thiosulfate Removal in Treatment of Sulfidic Spent Caustic." International Letters of Natural Sciences 57 (August 2016): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.57.49.

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Due to the disadvantages of physiochemical methods for sulfidic spent caustic treatment, attentions are drawn to the environmental-friendly biotreatments including sulfur-oxidizing halo-alkaliphiles.Thioalkalivibrio versutusDSM 13738 was grown at alkaline (pH10) autotrophic medium with sodium carbonate/bicarbonate as the sole source of carbon and amended with sodium thiosulfate as the electron and energy source. The effect of various parameters including temperature (25-40 °C), pH (8-11), NaCl concentration (0.5-5 % w/v) and sodium thiosulfate concentrations (100-750 mM) was evaluated on bacterial growth and thiosulfate removal. This strain could eliminate sodium thiosulfate at very high concentrations up to 750 mM. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate was pH 9.5 and thiosulfate removal ofThioalkalivibrio versutusoccurred at pH 10.5. The optimum salt concentration for thiosulfate removal was 2.5 % w/v and 5 % NaCl and specific growth rate elevated 2.5% w/v. It was also specified that this strain thrives occurred in 37 °C and at 35 and 37 °C higher removal of thiosulfate. Following chemical oxidation of sulfide to thiosulfate, application ofThioalkalivibrio versutuscould be promising for spent caustic treatment. Since thiosulfate is utilized as an energy source, highest removal efficiency occurred at marginally different conditions compared to optimal growth.

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Makzum, Somaye, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib, Hamid Babavalian, Hamid Tebyanian, and Fatemeh Shakeri. "Study on Haloalkaliphilic Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium for Thiosulfate Removal in Treatment of Sulfidic Spent Caustic." International Letters of Natural Sciences 57 (August 3, 2016): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-56z5bk.

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Due to the disadvantages of physiochemical methods for sulfidic spent caustic treatment, attentions are drawn to the environmental-friendly biotreatments including sulfur-oxidizing halo-alkaliphiles. Thioalkalivibrio versutus DSM 13738 was grown at alkaline (pH10) autotrophic medium with sodium carbonate/bicarbonate as the sole source of carbon and amended with sodium thiosulfate as the electron and energy source. The effect of various parameters including temperature (25-40 °C), pH (8-11), NaCl concentration (0.5-5 % w/v) and sodium thiosulfate concentrations (100-750 mM) was evaluated on bacterial growth and thiosulfate removal. This strain could eliminate sodium thiosulfate at very high concentrations up to 750 mM. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate was pH 9.5 and thiosulfate removal of Thioalkalivibrio versutus occurred at pH 10.5. The optimum salt concentration for thiosulfate removal was 2.5 % w/v and 5 % NaCl and specific growth rate elevated 2.5% w/v. It was also specified that this strain thrives occurred in 37 °C and at 35 and 37 °C higher removal of thiosulfate. Following chemical oxidation of sulfide to thiosulfate, application of Thioalkalivibrio versutus could be promising for spent caustic treatment. Since thiosulfate is utilized as an energy source, highest removal efficiency occurred at marginally different conditions compared to optimal growth.

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Chen, Jin-Xiang, Qing-Feng Xu, Yong Zhang, Sharifuddin M. Zain, Seik Weng Ng, and Jian-Ping Lang. "S-[4-(Trimethylammonio)phenyl]thiosulfate, an aromatic organic thiosulfate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 60, no. 8 (July 21, 2004): o572—o574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010827010401443x.

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Chen, Junnan, Feng Xie, Wei Wang, Yan Fu, and Jian Wang. "Leaching of Gold and Silver from a Complex Sulfide Concentrate in Copper-Tartrate-Thiosulfate Solutions." Metals 12, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12071152.

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The leaching behaviors of gold and silver from a complex sulfide concentrate in copper-tartrate-thiosulfate solutions were investigated in this paper. Experimental parameters, including temperature, initial pulp pH, and concentration of copper, tartrate, and thiosulfate, were systematically studied. The copper-tartrate-thiosulfate leaching system exhibits promising performance in dealing with the complex sulfide concentrate. Thiosulfate consumption could be greatly reduced due to the in-situ generation of thiosulfate derived from sulfur or disulfide ions. Increasing the temperature and concentrations of copper, tartrate, and thiosulfate can promote gold leaching. A low tartrate content and a moderate increase in temperature and copper and thiosulfate concentrations can accelerate silver leaching, but a higher temperature or copper content may depress silver extraction. A suitable pulp pH is critical for gold and silver leaching in copper-tartrate-thiosulfate solutions. An extraction of 74.50% Au and 36.33% Ag was obtained with the direct leaching of the concentrate, while the percentages can be significantly increased up to 82.60% and 70.38%, respectively, when leaching the calcine following the oxidative roasting pretreatment. The recycling of leaching solutions demonstrates that a suitable free tartrate content is of great significance in maintaining the stability of the novel system. As an alternative to the traditional cyanide or copper-ammonia-thiosulfate leaching processes, the copper-tartrate-thiosulfate leaching system provides an environmentally friendly, nontoxic, and relatively low-cost method for gold and silver leaching from ores or concentrates.

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23

Elferink, F., W. J. van der Vijgh, I. Klein, and H. M. Pinedo. "Interaction of cisplatin and carboplatin with sodium thiosulfate: reaction rates and protein binding." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.4.641.

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Abstract Toxicity of cisplatin can be decreased by concomitant administration of sodium thiosulfate, which perhaps chemically inactivates this platinum compound. We studied the disappearance of cisplatin and carboplatin in aqueous solutions of thiosulfate at 37 degrees C by means of liquid chromatography. At initial concentrations that were similar to therapeutic concentrations in plasma, both drugs disappeared, with half-lives of 66 and 537 min for cisplatin and carboplatin, respectively. At higher thiosulfate concentrations, as found in urine, the respective half-lives were 3.7 and 33.8 min. These values suggest that direct chemical interaction in the plasma compartment has limited therapeutic consequences, whereas the anti-toxic effect of thiosulfate might be explained by the rapid inactivation of cisplatin in the kidneys. Reaction products of cisplatin and thiosulfate bound instantaneously and mainly reversibly to plasma proteins. Protein-bound cisplatin was not released by added thiosulfate--which may explain why thiosulfate, to be effective, must be given in advance of and during cisplatin administration.

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24

Leskova, Anna, Sibile Pardue, John D. Glawe, Christopher G. Kevil, and Xinggui Shen. "Role of thiosulfate in hydrogen sulfide-dependent redox signaling in endothelial cells." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 313, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): H256—H264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00723.2016.

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Recent reports have revealed that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts critical actions to promote cardiovascular homeostasis and health. Thiosulfate is one of the products formed during oxidative H2S metabolism, and thiosulfate has been used extensively and safely to treat calcific uremic arteriopathy in dialysis patients. Yet despite its significance, fundamental questions regarding how thiosulfate and H2S interact during redox signaling remain unanswered. In the present study, we examined the effect of exogenous thiosulfate on hypoxia-induced H2S metabolite bioavailability in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Under hypoxic conditions, we observed a decrease of GSH and GSSG levels in HUVECs at 0.5 and 4 h as well as decreased free H2S and acid-labile sulfide and increased bound sulfide at all time points. Treatment with exogenous thiosulfate significantly decreased the ratio of GSH/GSSG to total sulfide of HUVECs under 0.5 h of hypoxia but significantly increased this ratio in HUVECs under 4 h of hypoxia. These responses reveal that thiosulfate has different effects at low and high doses and under different O2 tensions. In addition, treatment with thiosulfate also diminished VEGF-induced cystathionine-γ-lyase expression and reduced VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. These results indicate that thiosulfate can modulate H2S metabolites and signaling under various culture conditions that impact angiogenic activity. Thus, thiosulfate may serve as a unique sulfide donor to modulate endothelial responses under pathophysiological conditions involving angiogenesis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This report provides new evidence that different levels of exogenous thiosulfate dynamically change discrete sulfide biochemical metabolite bioavailability in endothelial cells under normoxia or hypoxia, acting in a slow manner to modulate sulfide metabolites. Moreover, our findings also reveal that thiosulfate surprisingly inhibits VEGF-dependent endothelial cell proliferation associated with a reduction in cystathionine-γ-lyase protein levels.

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25

McNeice, James, Harshit Mahandra, and Ahmad Ghahreman. "Biogenic Production of Thiosulfate from Organic and Inorganic Sulfur Substrates for Application to Gold Leaching." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 16666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416666.

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Gold mining and processing is an activity with large environmental impact due to the low concentration of gold in ore deposits and chemical resistance to most chemicals. Over 75% of gold is leached from ores using cyanide, however less toxic lixiviants have been proposed in the literature. Thiosulfate is one of these alternative reagents, but high reagent consumption has slowed acceptance in mining operations. Reducing the cost and impact of thiosulfate production is a way to reduce the cost of reagent consumption during leaching. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of leaching gold from ore with biogenic thiosulfate. Biogenic thiosulfate was produced using a marine methylotroph bacterium from three substrates: sodium sulfide, elemental sulfur, and dimethyl sulfide for application in bioleaching. The different substrates were evaluated to determine conversion efficiency from the sulfur source to biogenic thiosulfate and verified by titration and ion chromatography. Optimal conditions for conversion to thiosulfate were determined to be in the range of pH = 7–8, 25–30 °C, with sodium sulfide as a substrate in a sealed system to prevent sulfide from escaping as hydrogen sulfide gas. An oxide gold ore with a grade of 4.02 g/t was selected as a gold source for leaching experiments. The leaching of gold using the biogenic thiosulfate was compared with chemical thiosulfate solutions under experimental conditions of pH = 9.5, 50 mg/L copper, 500 RPM mixing, and 0.1 L/min air. The efficiency of gold bioleaching was measured using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and fire assay. Gold extraction efficiencies ranging from 20–60% were achieved using the biogenic thiosulfate, and 27–77% with sodium thiosulfate solutions, respectively. It was concluded that the sodium sulfide substrate was best for producing higher biogenic thiosulfate concentrations and leaching efficiency.

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26

Pfeifle, C. E., S. B. Howell, R. D. Felthouse, T. B. Woliver, P. A. Andrews, M. Markman, and M. P. Murphy. "High-dose cisplatin with sodium thiosulfate protection." Journal of Clinical Oncology 3, no. 2 (February 1985): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1985.3.2.237.

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Nephrotoxicity frequently limits the dose of cisplatin to less than 120 mg/m2 per injection. Sodium thiosulfate is a neutralizing agent for cisplatin that protects against renal damage. To determine whether injection of thiosulfate would permit larger doses of cisplatin to be administered, a fixed 9.9-g/m2 dose of thiosulfate was given intravenously over three hours concurrently with escalating doses of cisplatin. Cisplatin was administered over the last two hours of the thiosulfate infusion. Using this technique, it was possible to escalate the cisplatin dose to 225 mg/m2 before dose-limiting toxicities were encountered. Comparison of cisplatin pharmacokinetics in patients treated with 202.5 mg/m2 plus thiosulfate to those in patients treated with 100 mg/m2 without thiosulfate indicated that there were no changes in the elimination rate constant, volume of distribution, or total body clearance of cisplatin. The total drug exposure for the plasma was approximately twofold at the higher cisplatin dose. This study demonstrates that concurrent administration of thiosulfate permits at least a twofold increase in dose and total exposure to cisplatin.

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27

Trachevskii, V. V., S. V. Zimina, and E. P. Rodina. "Thiosulfate metal complexes." Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry 34, no. 9 (September 2008): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070328408090066.

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28

Baggio, S., M. I. Pardo, R. Baggio, and O. González. "Cadmium Thiosulfate Dihydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 53, no. 11 (November 15, 1997): 1521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270197006446.

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29

Generali, Joyce A., and Dennis J. Cada. "Sodium Thiosulfate: Calciphylaxis." Hospital Pharmacy 50, no. 11 (November 2015): 975–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj5011-975.

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30

Jackson, Bradley E., and Michael J. McInerney. "Thiosulfate Disproportionation byDesulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 3650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3650-3653.2000.

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ABSTRACT Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum, but notDesulfotomaculum nigrificans, Desulfotomaculum ruminis, or Desulfosporosinus orientis, grew by disproportionation of thiosulfate, forming stoichiometric amounts of sulfate and sulfide; sulfite was not disproportionated. The addition of acetate enhanced growth and thiosulfate disproportionation by D. thermobenzoicum compared to those observed with thiosulfate alone.

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31

Li, Ke, Qian Li, Bin Xu, Yongbin Yang, and Tao Jiang. "An Electrochemical Study of Gold Dissolution in Thiosulfate Solution with Cobalt–Ammonia Catalysis." Metals 12, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020317.

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Alkali agents could be used to enhance the extraction of zinc from solution, but excess alkali can lead to emulsification of the solution. In this study, the redox couples of Co(III)/Co(II) could be formed based on the thermodynamic analysis, and catalyze the dissolution of gold in a cobalt–ammonia–thiosulfate system. The catalytic mechanism of cobalt–ammonia for gold dissolution in the thiosulfate solution was further proposed by the analysis of polarization curves to be that NH3 catalyzes the dissolution of gold in the anodic area, and Co(NH3)63+ catalyzes the reduction of dissolved oxygen in the cathodic area. In the dissolution of gold, the concentration of NH3, Co3+ and S2O32− increased, and the dissolution of gold increased. The apparent activation energy for gold dissolution is 41.15 kJ/mol in a temperature range of 25–40 °C, and this demonstrates that gold dissolution is chemically controlled. The SEM-EDS and XPS analyses indicate that the precipitate coating on gold surfaces is mainly S2− in CoS and S8. The decomposition of thiosulfate was also carried out in different thiosulfate solutions. Results have shown that the increase of NH3 concentration can reduce thiosulfate decomposition, while the increase of Co3+ and S2O32− concentration can accelerate thiosulfate decomposition. The apparent activation energy for thiosulfate decomposition with the temperature range of 26.6–41 °C is determined to be 22.12 kJ/mol, which shows that thiosulfate decomposition is mixed chemical-diffusion-controlled.

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32

Han, Wang, Zou, and Shi. "Separation of Ag and Cu from Their Aqueous Thiosulfate Complexes by UV-C Irradiation." Metals 9, no. 11 (October 31, 2019): 1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9111178.

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In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the use of thiosulfate as a substitute for cyanide in silver leaching. Copper thiosulfate leaching without ammonia was applied to extract silver from silver sulfide, resulting in the production of Ag–Cu polymetallic thiosulfate complexes in solutions. It is necessary to separate Ag–Cu polymetallic thiosulfate complexes with the purposes of silver recovery and copper recycling. In this paper, the feasibility study on the use of UV-C irradiation to separate Ag–Cu polymetallic thiosulfate complexes was investigated based on the different photosensitivity of silver and copper. First, a kinetic study on the photolysis of silver and copper thiosulfate complexes by UV-C was investigated, indicating that the reactions follow first-order kinetics. The rate constant reactions were calculated, and it decreased with solution concentrations. On the other hand, the photoproducts of the silver and copper thiosulfate complexes were characterized by XRD and XPS in order to confirm the phase and chemical composition. It indicated that the silver photoproducts are Ag2S, S, Ag and the copper photoproducts are Cu2S, CuS, CuO, Cu, S. Finally, the four-step continuous separation of Ag–Cu polymetallic thiosulfate complexes by UV-C irradiation was investigated. The silver component was recovered with the accumulated recovery ratio of 97%, and the copper component was recycled with the accumulated recycle ratio of 51%, which made it possible for silver recovery and copper recycling.

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33

Geng, Cui Yu, Xiao Yu, Zheng Chang, Xiao Dong Lei, Xiao Ming Sun, and Liang Luo. "Kinetics and Thermodynamics Study of Thiosulfate Removal from Water by Calcined MgAl-CO₃ Layered Double Hydroxides." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 880–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.880.

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are potential scavengers for anionic contaminants due to their “memory effect”. Here we report the removal of thiosulfate anion from contaminated water by calcined MgAl–CO3 LDH (CLDH). The results indicate that CLDH exhibits a good performance in adsorption of thiosulfate.We studied the kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption of thiosulfate from water. The equilibrium isotherm showed that the uptake of thiosulfate anion well agrees with the Langmuir equation, the positive value of △HӨ demonstrates the endothermic feature of the adsorption, the pseudo-second order kinetics model can be uItalic textsed to describe the uptake process and the value of Ea was calculated to be 75.898 kJ/mol. Our results suggest that the process of thiosulfate uptaking was controlled by the reaction rate of thiosulfate with the CLDH rather than diffusion.

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34

Skłodowska, Aleksandra. "Polythionates and adenosine-5-phosphosulfate formation during thiosulfate oxidation by Thiobacillus neapolitanus." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 1283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-225.

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The intermediates formed during thiosulfate oxidation by Thiobacillus neapolitanus were examined. Tetrathionate occurred as an intermediate compound and trithionate as one of the by-products. Adenosine-5-phosphosulfate was formed from the inner sulfur of the thiosulfate molecule, without reductive cleavage of Na2S2O3. A pathway for thiosulfate oxidation by T. neapolitanus is proposed.

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35

Masuda, Sachiko, Shima Eda, Seishi Ikeda, Hisayuki Mitsui, and Kiwamu Minamisawa. "Thiosulfate-Dependent Chemolithoautotrophic Growth of Bradyrhizobium japonicum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 8 (February 19, 2010): 2402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02783-09.

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ABSTRACT Thiosulfate-oxidizing sox gene homologues were found at four loci (I, II, III, and IV) on the genome of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110, a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium in soil. In fact, B. japonicum USDA110 can oxidize thiosulfate and grow under a chemolithotrophic condition. The deletion mutation of the soxY 1 gene at the sox locus I, homologous to the sulfur-oxidizing (Sox) system in Alphaproteobacteria, left B. japonicum unable to oxidize thiosulfate and grow under chemolithotrophic conditions, whereas the deletion mutation of the soxY 2 gene at sox locus II, homologous to the Sox system in green sulfur bacteria, produced phenotypes similar to those of wild-type USDA110. Thiosulfate-dependent O2 respiration was observed only in USDA110 and the soxY 2 mutant and not in the soxY 1 mutant. In the cells, 1 mol of thiosulfate was stoichiometrically converted to approximately 2 mol of sulfate and consumed approximately 2 mol of O2. B. japonicum USDA110 showed 14CO2 fixation under chemolithotrophic growth conditions. The CO2 fixation of resting cells was significantly dependent on thiosulfate addition. These results show that USDA110 is able to grow chemolithoautotrophically using thiosulfate as an electron donor, oxygen as an electron acceptor, and carbon dioxide as a carbon source, which likely depends on sox locus I including the soxY 1 gene on USDA110 genome. Thiosulfate oxidation capability is frequently found in members of the Bradyrhizobiaceae, which phylogenetic analysis showed to be associated with the presence of sox locus I homologues, including the soxY 1 gene of B. japonicum USDA110.

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36

Tanaka, Yoshiki, Kunihito Yoshikaie, Azusa Takeuchi, Muneyoshi Ichikawa, Tomoyuki Mori, Sayaka Uchino, Yasunori Sugano, et al. "Crystal structure of a YeeE/YedE family protein engaged in thiosulfate uptake." Science Advances 6, no. 35 (August 2020): eaba7637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba7637.

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We have demonstrated that a bacterial membrane protein, YeeE, mediates thiosulfate uptake. Thiosulfate is used for cysteine synthesis in bacteria as an inorganic sulfur source in the global biological sulfur cycle. The crystal structure of YeeE at 2.5-Å resolution reveals an unprecedented hourglass-like architecture with thiosulfate in the positively charged outer concave side. YeeE is composed of loops and 13 helices including 9 transmembrane α helices, most of which show an intramolecular pseudo 222 symmetry. Four characteristic loops are buried toward the center of YeeE and form its central region surrounded by the nine helices. Additional electron density maps and successive molecular dynamics simulations imply that thiosulfate can remain temporally at several positions in the proposed pathway. We propose a plausible mechanism of thiosulfate uptake via three important conserved cysteine residues of the loops along the pathway.

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37

Huang, Jean J., Erin K. Heiniger, James B. McKinlay, and Caroline S. Harwood. "Production of Hydrogen Gas from Light and the Inorganic Electron Donor Thiosulfate by Rhodopseudomonas palustris." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 23 (October 1, 2010): 7717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01143-10.

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ABSTRACT A challenge for photobiological production of hydrogen gas (H2) as a potential biofuel is to find suitable electron-donating feedstocks. Here, we examined the inorganic compound thiosulfate as a possible electron donor for nitrogenase-catalyzed H2 production by the purple nonsulfur phototrophic bacterium (PNSB) Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Thiosulfate is an intermediate of microbial sulfur metabolism in nature and is also generated in industrial processes. We found that R. palustris grew photoautotrophically with thiosulfate and bicarbonate and produced H2 when nitrogen gas was the sole nitrogen source (nitrogen-fixing conditions). In addition, illuminated nongrowing R. palustris cells converted about 80% of available electrons from thiosulfate to H2. H2 production with acetate and succinate as electron donors was less efficient (40 to 60%), partly because nongrowing cells excreted the intermediary metabolite α-ketoglutarate into the culture medium. The fixABCX operon (RPA4602 to RPA4605) encoding a predicted electron-transfer complex is necessary for growth using thiosulfate under nitrogen-fixing conditions and may serve as a point of engineering to control rates of H2 production. The possibility to use thiosulfate expands the range of electron-donating compounds for H2 production by PNSBs beyond biomass-based electron donors.

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38

Hsu, Chien-Ning, Wei-Ling Chen, Wei-Ting Liao, Guo-Ping Chang-Chien, Sufan Lin, and You-Lin Tain. "Hydrogen Sulfide-to-Thiosulfate Ratio Associated with Blood Pressure Abnormalities in Pediatric CKD." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081241.

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Identifying children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent CVD events and mortality later in life. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule participating in CVD and CKD. Thiosulfate is not only an oxidation product of H2S but is also a H2S donor. We examined whether H2S, thiosulfate, and their combined ratio have differential associations with CVD risk markers in 56 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years with CKD stages G1–G4. Up to two-thirds of CKD children showed higher BP load on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), even in the early stage. CKD children with ABPM abnormalities had a higher H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio, while H2S-related parameters were not affected by the severity of CKD. The H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio was positively correlated with 24 h systolic BP (SBP), nighttime SBP, and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT). After adjusting for confounders, H2S was negatively associated with LV mass, thiosulfate was positively associated with 24-DBP, and the H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio was positively correlated with nighttime SBP and cIMT. Our data demonstrate differential associations in circulating H2S, thiosulfate, and their combined ratio with CVD risk in childhood CKD. Further studies are required to determine whether targeting the H2S signaling pathway can develop novel therapeutic strategies against CVD in this high-risk population.

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39

Marchioretto, Lucas De Ross, Andrea De Rossi, Micheli Fochesato Michelon, Julio Cesar Orlandi, and Leonardo Oliboni do Amaral. "Ammonium thiosulfate as blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple trees." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 10 (October 2018): 1132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001000006.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using ammonium thiosulfate as a chemical blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple (Malus domestica) trees and its effects on fruit quality. The experiment was carried out in an experimental orchard in the Southern Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with five replicates. Ammonium thiosulfate was sprayed on the apple trees at the full bloom stage, at 0, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%. Evaluations were performed for the effects on crop load, fruit set, yield efficiency, and fruit quality parameters such as weight, shape, total soluble solids, seed number, flesh firmness, color, and russeting occurrence. Ammonium thiosulfate at 2.5% is effective to reduce crop load and to improve fruit quality. The thinning effect of ammonium thiosulfate is not dependent on the weather conditions during the crop season. The rate of 3.5% of ammonium thiosulfate causes overthinning and does not result in the improvement of fruit quality.

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40

Spring, Stefan. "Function and Evolution of the Sox Multienzyme Complex in the Marine Gammaproteobacterium Congregibacter litoralis." ISRN Microbiology 2014 (March 31, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/597418.

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Core sets of sox genes were detected in several genome sequenced members of the environmental important OM60/NOR5 clade of marine gammaproteobacteria. However, emendation of media with thiosulfate did not result in stimulation of growth in two of these strains and cultures of Congregibacter litoralis DSM 17192T did not oxidize thiosulfate to sulfate in concentrations of one mmol L−1 or above. On the other hand, a significant production of sulfate was detected upon growth with the organic sulfur compounds, cysteine and glutathione. It was found that degradation of glutathione resulted in the formation of submillimolar amounts of thiosulfate in the closely related sox-negative strain Chromatocurvus halotolerans DSM 23344T. It is proposed that the Sox multienzyme complex in Congregibacter litoralis and related members of the OM60/NOR5 clade is adapted to the oxidation of submillimolar amounts of thiosulfate and nonfunctional at higher concentrations of reduced inorganic sulfur compounds. Pelagic bacteria thriving in the oxic zones of marine environments may rarely encounter amounts of thiosulfate, which would allow its utilization as electron donor for lithoautotrophic or mixotrophic growth. Consequently, in evolution the Sox multienzyme complex in some of these bacteria may have been optimized for the effective utilization of trace amounts of thiosulfate generated from the degradation of organic sulfur compounds.

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41

Becerra Araneda, Abraham A., Mariano A. Kappes, Martín A. Rodríguez, and Ricardo M. Carranza. "Low Potential Pitting Corrosion of Ni-Cr-Fe Alloys in Chloride Plus Thiosulfate Solutions: Determination of Potential and Concentration Boundaries." Corrosion 76, no. 8 (June 13, 2020): 786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3562.

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Low potential pitting corrosion (LPPC) of Alloys 690 and 800 (UNS N06690 and N08800) was studied in neutral solutions, containing chloride ions from 0.1 M to 1 M and thiosulfate ions from 5 × 10−5 M to 10−3 M. LPPC occurred close to the corrosion potential (–0.25 VAg/AgCl) by a synergic effect of the chloride and thiosulfate ions. The threshold concentrations of aggressive species for LPPC occurrence were identified by potentiostatic tests with mechanical scratching of the surface, which yielded more conservative estimations compared to other electrochemical tests. The ranges of potential and concentration of chloride and thiosulfate where LPPC occurred and where it merged with the conventional chloride pitting were determined. The lowest threshold concentrations were measured in Alloy 800, with a lower Cr content than Alloy 690. Thermally-aged Alloys 800 and 690 had lower resistance to LPPC than the corresponding solution-annealed material. In 1 M chloride-based solutions, for aged Alloy 800, LPPC occurred at a thiosulfate concentration as low as 5 × 10−5 M; in 10−3 M thiosulfate-based solutions, the chloride threshold was 0.1 M. For thermally-aged alloys, pits propagated intergranulary in some experiments. In solutions with chloride and thiosulfate concentrations close to the threshold required for pitting, repassivation of LPPC was observed after a sustained period of pit growth, originally initiated by scratching the surface. Such a repassivation has not been reported before in the literature in chloride and thiosulfate solutions. Two possible explanations were presented for this phenomenon.

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42

Masau, Rosemarie Jefferey Y., Jae Key Oh, and Isamu Suzuki. "Mechanism of oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds by thiosulfate-grown Thiobacillus thiooxidans." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w01-015.

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Thiobacillus thiooxidans was grown at pH 5 on thiosulfate as an energy source, and the mechanism of oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds was studied by the effect of inhibitors, stoichiometries of oxygen consumption and sulfur, sulfite, or tetrathionate accumulation, and cytochrome reduction by substrates. Both intact cells and cell-free extracts were used in the study. The results are consistent with the pathway with sulfur and sulfite as the key intermediates. Thiosulfate was oxidized after cleavage to sulfur and sulfite as intermediates at pH 5, the optimal growth pH on thiosulfate, but after initial condensation to tetrathionate at pH 2.3 where the organism failed to grow. N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) inhibited sulfur oxidation directly and the oxidation of thiosulfate or tetrathionate indirectly. It did not inhibit the sulfite oxidation by cells, but inhibited any reduction of cell cytochromes by sulfur, thiosulfate, tetrathionate, and sulfite. NEM probably binds sulfhydryl groups, which are possibly essential in supplying electrons to initiate sulfur oxidation. 2-Heptyl-4-hydroxy-quinoline N-oxide (HQNO) inhibited the oxidation of sulfite directly and that of sulfur, thiosulfate, and tetrathionate indirectly. Uncouplers, carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), inhibited sulfite oxidation by cells, but not the oxidation by extracts, while HQNO inhibited both. It is proposed that HQNO inhibits the oxidation of sulfite at the cytochrome b site both in cells and extracts, but uncouplers inhibit the oxidation in cells only by collapsing the energized state of cells, ΔµH+, required either for electron transfer from cytochrome c to b or for sulfite binding.Key words: Thiobacillus thiooxidans, thiosulfate, oxidation, sulfite.

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Milić, B., N. Magazin, Z. Keserović, and M. Dorić. "Flower thinning of apple cultivar Braeburn using ammonium and potassium thiosulfate: Short communication." Horticultural Science 38, No. 3 (August 22, 2011): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/57/2011-hortsci.

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Ammonium and potassium thiosulfate are used commercially or experimentally as flower thinners because they are considered user, environment and consumer safe. The thinning trials were conducted in 2009 and 2010, on three- and four-year-old Braeburn Mariri Red* trees. The chemicals were applied at 1%, 2% and 3% rates of ammonium and 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of potassium thiosulfate. Both thinning agents reduced fruit set, but were more efficient in 2009, when applied at 20% full bloom, than in 2010, when they were applied at 80% full bloom. Flower thinning with ammonium and potassium thiosulfate increased the average fruit weight, but the highest chemical rates retarded fruit growth. Ammonium and potassium thiosulfate did not affect fruit shape and firmness, but they increased starch degradation, total soluble solids content and titratable acidity. The treatments increased the percentage of flower buds, except at the highest chemical rates, where leaf damage reduced flower bud formation. Ammonium or potassium thiosulfate application may be recommended as the first step in a chemical thinning program

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Yu, Hong, Futing Zi, Xianzhi Hu, Yanhe Nie, Yunlong Chen, and Huiling Cheng. "Adsorption of gold from thiosulfate solutions with chemically modified activated carbon." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 1-2 (March 20, 2017): 408–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417698864.

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Adsorption of the gold–thiosulfate complex ion ([Formula: see text]) on silver ferrocyanide (AgFC)-impregnated activated carbon in aqueous solution has been studied in order to find an effectual adsorbent for the thiosulfate extracting gold from ores. This study was performed using AgFC-impregnated activated carbon (AC-Ag-R-FC: AC: activated carbon, Ag: silver nitrate, R: heating, FC: potassium ferrocyanide) and an artificial aqueous solution of [Formula: see text]. Gold–thiosulfate complex adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies were carried out at pH = 9.0 on modified materials. It has been also found that the adsorption fits the intraparticle diffusion and Freundlich isotherm well. In order to understand the adsorption mechanism, raw and modified materials were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption measurements at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The maximum adsorption capability of [Formula: see text]on AC-Ag-R-FC is 3.55 kgt−1. Clearly, the extraordinary adsorption capacity of AC for [Formula: see text] offers a new approach to address challenging gold–thiosulfate complex separation and could promote the future development of thiosulfate leaching gold process.

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45

Zi, Fu Ting, Xian Zhi Hu, Wen Bin Zhang, and Su Qiong He. "Thiosulfate Leaching of Middle-Refractory Gold Ore with Ferricyanide as Oxidant." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.309.

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In order to decrease the consumption of lixiviant, study on dissolution of pure gold and middle-refractory gold ore using a novel thiosulfate leaching system with ferricyanide as oxidant was carried out. The results showed that the advantage of the novel system is that the thiosulfate consumption is negligible though the potential of ferricyanide is much higher than that of traditional cupric ammine complex. And compared to the ferric oxalate system, novel system could be used at relatively high pH condition which benefit to the stability of thiosulfate because ferricyanide can’t transfer to iron hydroxide in base solution. It is unlikely that very high dissolution rate of gold can be obtained using an air saturated thiosulfate- ferricyanide system without thiourea catalyst. However gold dissolution rate was increased with the increasing of concentration of ferricyanid in 5 mmol/L to 30mmol/L. When 0.1mmol/L thiourea was presented, the dissolution of gold approximately 1.5 times faster than that of in the absence of thiourea. Leaching of middle-refractory gold ore show that both of the consumption of thiosulfate and leaching rate was decreased compare to the traditional copper–ammonia thiosulfate system. Thiourea is not stable in base solution, but it was found that gold dissolution rates can be increased with a little thiourea ,the mechanism is still unclear.

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46

Eklund, Lars, Tomas S. Hofer, Alexander K. H. Weiss, Andreas O. Tirler, and Ingmar Persson. "Structure and water exchange of the hydrated thiosulfate ion in aqueous solution using QMCF MD simulation and large angle X-ray scattering." Dalton Trans. 43, no. 33 (2014): 12711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt01010h.

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Experimental and simulation data of the thiosulfate ion show large similarities in hydration structure and mechanism with the sulfate ion but with weaker hydration of the terminal sulfur atom in thiosulfate.

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47

Yang, Yun-Xia, and Seik Weng Ng. "Bis(tetramethylammonium) thiosulfate tetrahydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 67, no. 7 (June 18, 2011): o1664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536811021672.

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48

Tykodi, R. J. "In praise of thiosulfate." Journal of Chemical Education 67, no. 2 (February 1990): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed067p146.

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Prieto, José L., José R. Pérez-Castiñeira, and José M. Vega. "Thiosulfate reductase from Chlamydomonas." Journal of Plant Physiology 151, no. 4 (January 1997): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0176-1617(97)80001-6.

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50

Yanbo, Chen, Qin Guanglin, Li Guangsheng, Zhu Xingfu, Yu Congquan, Lu Zhongbo, Ji Qiang, et al. "Experimental study on thiosulfate leaching of gold from a high copper gold concentrate." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127104001.

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The conventional cyanide leaching process is used to extract gold from a high copper gold concentrate. Because the copper associated minerals consume sodium cyanide in large quantities, the cost of the reagents is high and the economic benefit is not ideal. At the same time, a large number of cyanide tail slag are produced, which brings a series of environmental problems. In order to solve the environmental problems caused by excessive sodium cyanide consumption and cyanogen slag, the feasibility of leaching gold by thiosulfate in copper ammonia system was studied. The gold leaching rate of thiosulfate was increased to more than 90% by using the direct thiosulfate leaching process and pretreatment thiosulfate leaching process, which was close to the gold leaching index of sodium cyanide at the production site.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Thiosulfate'

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