Academic literature on the topic 'Thigh muscles'
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Journal articles on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Wang, Fengdan, Haiping Zhang, Chanyuan Wu, Qian Wang, Bo Hou, Yi Sun, Tobias Kober, et al. "Quantitative T2 mapping accelerated by GRAPPATINI for evaluation of muscles in patients with myositis." British Journal of Radiology 92, no. 1102 (October 2019): 20190109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190109.
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Objective: Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) make up the largest group of potentially treatable myopathies and require early diagnosis. This study investigates whether the edema of thigh muscles in DM/PM can be quantitatively assessed by a novel accelerated T2 mapping technique—GRAPPATINI. Methods: Three conventional MR sequences and GRAPPATINI accelerated T2 mapping of bilateral thighs from 20 patients (7 DM and 13 PM) and 10 healthy volunteers were prospectively carried out on a 3 T MR scanner. Afterwards, T2 values of 477 thigh muscles from the patients and the healthy controls were manually measured. In addition, the correlations between T2 values and serum muscle enzymes in patients were also analyzed. Results: The new GRAPPATINI technique made quantitative T2 mapping of bilateral thighs feasible with a scanning time of only 2 min 18 s. Moreover, GRAPPATINI-generated T2 values of muscles from patients were markedly higher than those from healthy subjects (p < 0.001). GRAPPATINI accelerated T2 mapping appeared a more sensitive technique in that some DM/PM muscles appearing normal per conventional MRI had increased T2 relaxation time. Furthermore, GRAPPATINI-generated T2 values of DM/PM thigh muscles positively correlated with serum enzyme levels (p < 0.001), which reflected the severity of myopathy. Conclusion: GRAPPATINI can significantly shorten acquisition time of T2 mapping and may potentially be applied clinically in DM and PM. Advances in knowledge: GRAPPATINI acceleration makes T2 mapping feasible in clinical practice in providing quantitative information regarding thigh muscle inflammation in DM and PM.
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Ou, Zhengmiao, Yanyan Shi, Qingqing Li, Yun Wu, and Fenfen Chen. "Effects of Sex on the Muscle Development and Meat Composition in Wuliangshan Black-Bone Chickens." Animals 12, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 2565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192565.
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This study was conducted to illustrate the morphological features of the breast and thigh muscles at four developmental stages (1, 42, 84, and 126 days of age) of Wuliangshan Black-bone chickens and to compare the chemical composition, fatty acid, and amino acid contents of their meat at 126 days of age (D126). In total, 80 chickens (male, n = 40 and female, n = 40) in the sixth generation from the breeding farm were used in the experiment under free-range rearing conditions. The cross-sectional areas (CSA) of muscle fibers and meat composition were compared between different sex and different muscle types. The results showed that gender did not affect the CSA of the breast muscle fibers but did affect the CSA of the thigh muscle fibers at D42, D84, and D126 (p < 0.05). Muscle types affected the CSA of muscle fibers: male chickens exhibited significantly higher values than female chickens at D42, D84, and D126 (p < 0.05). The results of moisture, crude protein, and crude fat at D126 showed that moisture contents were higher in the thigh muscles than in the breast muscles in male and female chickens (p < 0.05). Gender affected the crude protein contents and crude fat contents: the breast muscle crude protein content was significantly higher than that in the thigh muscle, both in males and females (p < 0.05), whereas the crude fat contents were significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05); moreover, the thigh muscle fat contents were significantly higher than those of the breast muscles both in males and females (p < 0.05). Gender and muscle types also affected the fatty acid contents: the PUFA contents of the breast and thigh muscles were significantly higher in male than in female chickens (p < 0.05). Muscle types significantly influenced the total EAA, NEAA, and flavor amino acid contents. The total EAA contents of the breast muscles were significantly higher than those of the thigh muscles in males and females (p < 0.05), whereas the total NEAA and total flavor amino acid contents of the thigh muscles were significantly higher than those of the breast muscles (p < 0.05). Our results may lead to a better understanding of the effects of gender on the breast and thigh muscle development and meat composition of Wuliangshan Black-bone chicken.
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Yoshii, Ryo, Yu Konishi, Daisuke Ando, Satoshi Ochiai, Tetsuo Hagino, and Shohei Dobashi. "Effect of Subcutaneous Tissue on Changes in Thigh Circumference Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 08 (July 9, 2019): 544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0893-5838.
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AbstractCircumference measurements have been used to estimate muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in clinical settings. Measurements of thigh circumference are affected by muscle and subcutaneous fat (SF). In fact, SF could increase over a short period. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between thigh circumference and muscle and SF following ACL reconstruction is important. This study’s primary purpose was to examine pre- and post-operative changes in thigh circumference, thigh muscles and SF CSAs in both legs. Secondary, the relationship between thigh circumference and muscle and SF CSAs was examined to demonstrate that circumference measurements could be used to detect atrophy. Quadriceps, hamstrings, and SF CSAs at 15, 10, and 5 cm proximal to the patella were measured by MRI pre- and 4 weeks postoperatively to examine how reconstruction affected those tissues in the thighs. The results showed increases in SF CSA (r=0.72 at 10 cm, r=0.67 at 15 cm) greatly affected thigh circumference in females on the surgical side. In males, increases in SF CSA (r=0.83) at 15- and 5-cm and decreases in quadriceps muscle CSA (r=0.73) at 5 cm affected thigh circumference on the surgical side. Thigh circumference measurements might not reflect actual muscle CSA in ACL patients.
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Skalická, M., P. Naď, L. Bujňák, and A. Marcin. "Impact of Dietary Humic Substances Supplementation on Selected Minerals in Muscles of Broiler Chickens." Folia Veterinaria 65, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2021-0027.
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Abstract In this study, we assessed the effect of humic substances on the changes of some mineral (Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn) content in the thigh and breast muscle of broilers. Group 1 (G1) was supplemented with 0.7 % Humac Natur Mycosorb (HNMy), and G2 with 0.3 % HNMy. The control group (GC) received a basal diet without any supplements. In the breast muscle of broilers from the group G1 we found a statistically significantly higher (P < 0.05) Ca content and significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the thigh muscle Ca content from the group G2 compared to the control group (GC). A statistically significant increase in Mg content (P < 0.05) was analyzed in breast muscles in the group G1 and also significant reduction (P ≤ 0.01) in Cu in the breast and thigh muscles was found in the group G1 and in the breast muscle from the group G2 compared to the GC. Significantly lower content of Zn (P ≤ 0.05) was found in the breast and thigh muscles of broilers in the group G2 and strong positive correlation (r = 0.9093) were observed between Ca in breast muscle from the group G2 and Ca in thigh muscle from the control group. A negative correlation (r = –0.7656) was shown for Mg between thigh muscle from the group G2 and Ca in thigh muscle from the GC. A strong negative correlation was confirmed (r = –0.9221) for Zn content in breast muscles between groups G2 and G1. The high positive correlation for Zn was occurred between breast muscle from the control group and thigh muscle from the group G1 (r = 0.9786).
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Isakov, E., H. Burger, M. Gregorič, and Č. Marinčcek. "Stump length as related to atrophy and strength of the thigh muscles in trans-tibial amputees." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 20, no. 2 (August 1996): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649609164425.
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Stump length and the thigh muscles strength of the amputated limb are among the major factors influencing outcome of prosthetic rehabilitation of trans-tibial amputees. In the present study the authors evaluated and compared the strength of quadriceps and hamstrings muscles of both limbs in trans-tibial amputees, as measured by means of an electrical dynamometer. The obtained results showed that the thigh muscles of the sound limbs are significantly stronger than those of the amputated limbs (p<0.01). The results obtained for amputees with shorter stumps were compared to those with longer stumps. In the group of amputees (n=9) with a stump shorter than 15.1 cm, values of peak torque (in isokinetic contraction) and maximal average torque (in isometric contraction) were significantly (p<0.5) weaker when compared to those (n=9) with a stump longer than 15.1 cm. The results obtained for amputees with a higher rate of thigh muscle atrophy were compared to those with lesser atrophy. In the group of amputees where muscle atrophy was accompanied by decrease in thigh girth of over 5.9 cm, muscles strength did not significantly decrease (p<0.5) as compared to amputees where thigh girth decrease was less than 5.9 cm. It is concluded that atrophy of the thigh muscles of trans-tibial amputees is accompanied with a significant decrease in strength. In amputees with a short stump, the short lever action provided by the stump interferes with the ability of the thigh muscles to control the prosthesis efficiently during daily activities such as standing and walking.
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Gondoh, Yuichi, Manabu Tashiro, Masatoshi Itoh, Mohammad M. Masud, Hiroomi Sensui, Shoichi Watanuki, Kenji Ishii, Hiroaki Takekura, Ryoichi Nagatomi, and Toshihiko Fujimoto. "Evaluation of individual skeletal muscle activity by glucose uptake during pedaling exercise at different workloads using positron emission tomography." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 2 (August 2009): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90821.2008.
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Skeletal muscle glucose uptake closely reflects muscle activity at exercise intensity levels <55% of maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max). Our purpose was to evaluate individual skeletal muscle activity from glucose uptake in humans during pedaling exercise at different workloads by using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET). Twenty healthy male subjects were divided into two groups (7 exercise subjects and 13 control subjects). Exercise subjects were studied during 35 min of pedaling exercise at 40 and 55% V̇o2max exercise intensities. FDG was injected 10 min after the start of exercise or after 20 min of rest. PET scanning of the whole body was conducted after completion of the exercise or rest period. In exercise subjects, mean FDG uptake [standardized uptake ratio (SUR)] of the iliacus muscle and muscles of the anterior part of the thigh was significantly greater than uptake in muscles of control subjects. At 55% V̇o2max exercise, SURs of the iliacus muscle and thigh muscles, except for the rectus femoris, increased significantly compared with SURs at 40% V̇o2max exercise. Our results are the first to clarify that the iliacus muscle, as well as the muscles of the anterior thigh, is the prime muscle used during pedaling exercise. In addition, the iliacus muscle and all muscles in the thigh, except for the rectus femoris, contribute when the workload of the pedaling exercise increases from 40 to 55% V̇o2max.
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Chiang, Chen, and Lin. "Altered Body Composition of Psoas and Thigh Muscles in Relation to Frailty and Severity of Parkinson's Disease." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 3667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193667.
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Background: To investigate the relationship between fat content and the cross-sectional area of psoas and thigh muscles, and clinical severity in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited. All subjects underwent MRI study to determine the fat content of the bilateral psoas and thigh muscles. Muscle quality was measured by grasp, walking speed, and cross-sectional area. All patients underwent clinical surveys to evaluate disease severity and frailty, and analyses of the correlations between muscle quality and disease severity were performed. Results: Compared with the controls, patients exhibited higher fatty content in the measured muscles. The higher fat infiltration of measured muscles was significantly correlated with increased disease severity and frailty in patients. The fat fraction of the bilateral medial compartment of the thigh was correlated with the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-I results and the fat fraction of the bilateral anterior compartment of the thigh was correlated with weakness and exhaustion in patients. Conclusions: Decreased quality in psoas and thigh muscles is prominent in Parkinson’s disease which is further associated with disease severity and frailty. Awareness of the risk of sarcopenia and associated sequelae might improve patient care and outcomes.
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Diachkova, G. V., N. M. Kliushin, K. A. Diachkov, V. D. Gayuk, I. V. Sutyagin, and T. A. Larionova. "MSCT-semiotics of muscles in chronic osteomyelitis of the femur and lower leg." Genij Ortopedii 28, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2022-28-2-216-222.
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Introduction It is known that the function and structure of the muscles of the thigh and lower leg are closely related to the function of the lower limb, which is impaired to one degree or another in all patients with chronic osteomyelitis. However, the nature of structural changes in the muscles, which, in turn, affect the condition of the bones, has not been well studied. Purpose of the work To study the features of changes in the muscles of the thigh and lower leg in patients with chronic osteomyelitis according to MSCT data. Material and methods The study is retrospective conducted at a single centre of Evidence level IV. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) was used in 112 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of long bones of the lower extremities to study the radiological morphology of the muscles of the thigh and lower leg, including density, muscle belly area, and anatomical features. Twenty patients had chronic osteomyelitis in the area of transosseous elements (pins). The mean age of the patients was 48.5 ± 9.8 years. Males prevailed among the patients (87.5 %). The cause of osteomyelitis in 107 cases was trauma or surgery, five patients had consequences of hematogenous osteomyelitis. Results The results of the study showed that the muscles of the thigh and lower leg in patients with chronic osteomyelitis have pronounced dystrophic changes. In 89.4 % of patients, they were manifested by an increase in the density of the anterior tibial muscle, long extensor of the toes (84.7 %), peroneal muscles (78.5 %) and a decrease in the density of the head of the gastrocnemius muscle (91.3 %). In 10.6 % of the patients, there was a decrease in the density of the anterior tibial muscle, the long extensor of the fingers. In all patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the femur, the density of the muscles of the anterior and posterior groups was reduced, except for the musculus vastus intermedius of the thigh that was characterized by fibrotic changes with an increase in density. Conclusion The data obtained indicate that radiological morphological changes in muscles occur in all patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the femur and lower leg. The most pronounced alterations in the architectonics were in the anterior tibial and gastrocnemius muscles, and the intermediate broad muscle of the thigh.
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Gazulla, José, Esteban Mayayo-Sinués, Isabel Benavente, Pedro J. Modrego, and José Berciano. "Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay: MR and Clinical Results in Lower-Limb Musculature." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 41, no. 1 (January 2014): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100016231.
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Objective:Peripheral neuropathy is a cardinal manifestation of the autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix- Saguenay (ARSACS), although its type of neuromuscular involvement has not been definitely established, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the assessment of muscle and nerve diseases. The objective of this work has been to define the patterns of muscle weakness and of abnormal muscular MRI in ARSACS.Patients and Methods:Five patients with a molecular diagnosis of ARSACS, aged 39 to 59 years, whose electrophysiological findings were consistent with an axonal neuropathy of distal distribution superimposed on a developmental defect of myelinization, underwent neurological and MRI lower-limb examinations. Conventional FSE T1-weighted and STIR sequences were performed, looking for fatty infiltration and oedema in the musculature of the thighs, legs and feet, together with their distribution along the longitudinal axis of the muscle bellies.Results:On clinical examination, paralysis was apparent in foot muscles; moderate weakness, in leg musculature; and normal strength, in thigh muscles. MRI demonstrated massive fat deposition in the foot muscles and medial gastrocnemii in every case, distal fat infiltration and oedema in every leg muscle group, and preservation of thigh muscles, albeit with diffuse minimal non-specific fat infiltration. An inverse correlation between strength and degree of fat infiltration in lower-limb muscles became apparent.Conclusion:The preponderance of weakness and MRI abnormalities in distal muscle groups was concordant with the presence of a length-dependent axonopathy, as described in ARSACS.
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Krssak, Martin, Kitt Falk Petersen, Raynald Bergeron, Thomas Price, Didier Laurent, Douglas L. Rothman, Michael Roden, and Gerald I. Shulman. "Intramuscular Glycogen and Intramyocellular Lipid Utilization during Prolonged Exercise and Recovery in Man: A 13C and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study1." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 85, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 748–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.2.6354.
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Depletion of muscle glycogen is considered a limiting performance factor during prolonged exercise, whereas the role of the intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) pool is not yet fully understood. We examined 1) intramyocellular glycogen and lipid utilization during prolonged exercise, 2) resynthesis of muscle glycogen and lipids during recovery, and 3) changes in glycogen content between nonexercising and exercising muscles during recovery. Subjects ran on a treadmill at submaximal intensity until exhaustion. Glycogen concentrations were assessed in thigh, calf, and nonexercising forearm muscle, and IMCL content was measured in soleus muscle using magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques. At the time of exhaustion, glycogen depletion was 2-fold greater in calf than in thigh muscles, but a significant amount of glycogen was left in both leg muscles. The glycogen concentration in nonexercising forearm muscle decreased during the initial 5 h of recovery to 73% of the baseline value. During the exercise, the IMCL content decreased to 67% and subsequently during recovery increased to 83% of the baseline value. In summary, we found during prolonged running 1) significantly greater muscle glycogen utilization in the calf muscle group than in the thigh muscle group, 2) significant utilization of IMCL in the soleus muscle, and 3) a decrease in glycogen content in nonexercising muscle and an increase in glycogen content in recovering muscles during the postexercise phase. These latter data are consistent with the hypothesis that there is transfer of glycogen by the glucose→lactate and the glucose→alanine cycle from the resting muscle (forearm) to recovering muscles (thigh and calf) after running exercise .
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Sole, Gisela, and n/a. "Neuromuscular control of thigh and gluteal muscles following hamstring injuries." University of Otago. School of Physiotherapy, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20081103.100628.
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Although traditional prevention and management strategies for hamstring injuries have focussed on optimising muscle strength, flexibility and endurance, incidence and/or recurrence rates of these injuries remains high. A theoretical framework was developed considering additional factors that increase the stabilising demand of the hamstrings. These factors included loss of related stability at the knee and lumbopelvic regions and extrinsic factors during functional and sporting activities. The aims of this research were to determine whether electromyographic (EMG) derived hamstrings, quadriceps and gluteal muscle activation patterns as well as isokinetic torque generation patterns could differentiate athletes who had incurred a hamstring injury from uninjured control athletes. It was hypothesised that the EMG activity of the injured participants would be decreased compared to uninjured control participants during maximal activities, but increased during weight bearing activities.
The research included the identification of laboratory-based tasks relevant to the function of the hamstring muscles; test-retest reliability of EMG variables recorded during these tasks; and a comparative cross-sectional study of hamstring-injured (hamstring group, HG) and control athletes (control group, CG). Electromyographic activation patterns were determined during assessment of concentric and eccentric isokinetic strength of the thigh muscles, during transition from double- to single-leg stance, and forward lunging.
Isokinetic and EMG onset and amplitude variables were compared both within- and between-groups. Despite no significant differences for peak torque, the HG injured limb generated lower average eccentric flexor torque towards the outer range of motion in comparison to the HG uninjured limb (P = 0.034) and the CG bilateral average (P = 0.025). Furthermore, the EMG root mean square (RMS) decrease from the start to the end range of the eccentric flexor contraction was greater for the HG injured limb hamstrings than the CG bilateral average.
During the transition from double- to single-leg stance, the EMG onsets of the HG injured limb (biceps femoris [BF] P < 0.001, medial hamstrings [MH] P = 0.001), and the HG uninjured limb (BF P = 0.023, MH P = 0.011) were earlier in comparison to the CG bilateral average. The transition normalised EMG RMS was significantly higher for the HG injured side BF (P = 0.032), MH (P = 0.039) and vastus lateralis (VL, P = 0.037) in comparison to the CG bilateral average. During the forward lunge, no significant differences were observed within- and between-groups for the normalised EMG amplitude prior to and following initial foot contact.
These results suggest that during maximal isokinetic eccentric flexor contractions, the average torque and EMG activity is decreased towards the lengthened position of the hamstring-injured limb. This may be due to structural changes or neurophysiological inhibitory mechanisms. During the static weight bearing task an earlier onset of the HG hamstring muscles was evident in comparison to controls. The hamstrings and the VL of the injured limbs were activated at greater normalised amplitude. The increased muscle activation in the hamstring-injured limbs during the support phase may indicate a greater demand towards stability of the kinetic chain or changes in proprioceptive function. Future research should consider the mechanisms and clinical implications underlying a loss of eccentric flexor torque towards the outer range of contraction, and investigate why increased activation of thigh muscles occurs during the static weight bearing task in hamstring-injured athletes.
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Shaubari, Ezak Fadzrin Ahmad. "Automatic segmentation of the human thigh muscles in magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621007/.
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Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and analysis techniques have improved diagnosis and patient treatment pathways. Typically, image analysis requires substantial technical and medical expertise and MR images can su↵er from artefacts, echo and intensity inhomogeneity due to gradient pulse eddy currents and inherent e↵ects of pulse radiation on MRI radio frequency (RF) coils that complicates the analysis. Processing and analysing serial sections of MRI scans to measure tissue volume is an additional challenge as the shapes and the borders between neighbouring tissues change significantly by anatomical location. Medical imaging solutions are needed to avoid laborious manual segmentation of specified regions of interest (ROI) and operator errors. The work set out in this thesis has addressed this challenge with a specific focus on skeletal muscle segmentation of the thigh. The aim was to develop an MRI segmentation framework for the quadriceps muscles, femur and bone marrow. Four contributions of this research include: (1) the development of a semi-automatic segmentation framework for a single transverse-plane image; (2) automatic segmentation of a single transverseplane image; (3) the automatic segmentation of multiple contiguous transverse-plane images from a full MRI thigh scan; and (4) the use of deep learning for MRI thigh quadriceps segmentation. Novel image processing, statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms were developed for all solutions and they were compared against current gold-standard manual segmentation. Frameworks (1) and (3) require minimal input from the user to delineate the muscle border. Overall, the frameworks in (1), (2) and (3) o↵er very good output performance, with respective framework's mean segmentation accuracy by JSI and processing time of: (1) 0.95 and 17 sec; (2) 0.85 and 22 sec; and (3) 0.93 and 3 sec. For the framework in (4), the ImageNet trained model was customized by replacing the fully-connected layers in its architecture to convolutional layers (hence the name of Fully Convolutional Network (FCN)) and the pre-trained model was transferred for the ROI segmentation task. With the implementation of post-processing for image filtering and morphology to the segmented ROI, we have successfully accomplished a new benchmark for thigh MRI analysis. The mean accuracy and processing time with this framework are 0.9502 (by JSI ) and 0.117 sec per image, respectively.
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Silvestri, Chiara. "Development and validation of a knee-thigh-hip LSDYNA model of a 50th percentile male." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-042908-144927/.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Keywords: active muscles, out-of-position, fracture mechanisms, impacts, KTH, dynamic ligament failure model. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 353-365).
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Dragana, Golik-Perić. "Razlike u izokinetičkim parametrima natkolene muskulature u odnosu na bol u leđima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Asocijacija centara za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije i istraživanja, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101143&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Bol je subjektivno, neprijatno opažanje i osećaj. Čovek često oseća bol u delu tela kojije znatno udaljen od mesta nastanka bola. U istraživanju je primenjena transverzalnametoda, jednokratnog merenja. Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 136 ispitanika, aktivnihfudbalera, starosti 18-35 (20.49±3.73) godina. Sva merenja su vršena od 2006. do2016.godine. Ispitanici su ispunili anketu o postojanju bola u leđima, pre samogpočetka testiranja, gde su intenzitet bolnosti subjektivno procenili Rolandovom skalombola). Celokupan uzorak je stratifikovan proporcionalnom tehnikom u pet grupa naosnovu subjektivnog osećaja bola u leđima. Multivarijantnom metodom varijanseutvrđivane su razlike na generalnom sistemu uzorkovanih varijabli, prilikom čega jeustanovljeno da postoji statistički značajna razlika između navedenih grupa ispitanikapodeljenih na osnovu subjektivnog osećaja bola u leđima u izokinetičkim varijablamakoje su uzete u obzir ovim istraživanjem dok su Univarijantnom analizom varijanseutvrđene razlike u pojedinačnim varijablama. Iz navedenih empirijskih saznanja irelevantnih podataka iz stručne literature dobija se uvid u faktore koji utiču na bolnostanje određene regije, disfunkciju i slabost pojedinih mišićnih grupa, uticaj pojedinihmišićnih grupa na druge, kao i poremećaj u kinetičkom lancu lokomotornog aparatakod fudbalera. Samo istraživanje ukazuju na značaj i potrebu da se standardizujuprotokoli i konstruišu odgovarajući algoritmi za komparativnu sistematizaciju varijablidobijenih specifičnim ispitivanjima izokinetičkom dinamometrijom kod ispitanika kojise bave timskim sportom sa loptom (fudbal, kosarka, rukomet i dr). Dobijeni podaciposlužiće jednim delom kao deo monitoringa sportskog treninga, kao i efekatarazličitih trenažnih protokola na parametre mišićne snage kod fudbalera. Sportskomedicinski značaj na polju testiranja parametara mišićne snage izokinetičkomdinamometrijom se ogleda u prevenciji sportskih povreda ili u brzoj i efikasnojdijagnostici i terapiji istih, što značajno utiče na ekonomski aspekt, s obzirom da jeprofesionalni sport postao visoko komercijalizovan.Pain is a subjective, uncomfortable perception and feeling. Human often feelspain in the part of the body that is significantly away from the place of origin of pain.The transversal method was performed during study, with a one-time measurement.The study included 136 subjects, active players, ages 18-35 (20:49 ± 3.73) years. Allmeasurements were carried out from 2006 to 2016. Before the start of the test,examinee completed the survey on the existence of back pain, where the intensity ofthe pain was subjectively assessed according to Roland pain scale. The entire sample was stratified by proportional technique into five groups, based on the subjective experience of back pain. Multivariate variance method for detection of differences in the general system of sampled variables, during which it was established that there is a statistically significant difference between the groups of examinee, who were divided on the basis of subjective experience of back pain of the isokinetic variables that are taken into account in this study while the univariate analysis of variance determined differences in the individual variables. From the empirical findings above and relevant information from technical literature, an insight was obtained into the factors that influence the painful condition of a particular region, dysfunction and weakness of certain muscle groups, the impact of certain muscle groups on others, as well as the disruption in the kinetic chain of the locomotor apparatus. The research highlights the importance of and the need to standardize protocols and construct appropriate algorithms for comparative systematization of variables obtained by isokinetic dynamometry specific trials in subjects who are engaged in team sports with a ball (football, basketball, handball, etc.). The data will serve partially as part of the monitoring of sports training, as well as the effects of various parameters of training protocols on muscle strength in football. Sports and medical significance in the field of testing parameters with isokinetic muscle strength dynamometry is reflected in the prevention of sports injuries or in the quick and efficient diagnosis and treatment of the same, which significantly affects the economic aspect, considering that professional sport has become highly commercialized.
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Chakouch, Mashhour. "Viscoelastic properties of in vivo thigh muscle and in vivo phantom using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2236/document.
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Résumé de l'étude in vitro. L'objectif de cette étude in vitro était de créer un fantôme avec la même architecture musculaire (fibre, aponévrose ...) et les mêmes propriétés mécaniques que le muscle en condition passive et active. Deux fantômes homogènes ont été fabriqués avec différentes concentrations de plastisol pour simuler les propriétés élastiques du muscle en condition passive (50% plastisol) et active (70% de plastisol). Pour cela, des fils en Téflon (d = 0,9 mm) ont été insérés dans la partie supérieure du fantôme (50%) pour représenter les fibres musculaires. De plus, une feuille en matière plastique (8 x 15 cm) a également été placée au milieu du fantôme pour imiter la structure de l'aponévrose. Ensuite, des tests ERM ont été effectués à 90 Hz avec deux stimulateurs pneumatiques de différentes formes (tube en silicone, membrane circulaire) pour analyser l'effet du type du stimulateur sur la propagation des ondes. La longueur d'onde a été mesurée à partir des images phase et les propriétés élastiques (module de cisaillement) ont été calculées. Les deux fantômes (50% et 70%) ont montré des propriétés élastiques similaires à celles du muscle à l’état passif (2,40 ± 0,18 kPa) et actif (6,24 ± 0,21 kPa). Le stimulateur en forme de tube a donné des valeurs plus élevées (environ 1,2 kPa à 1,53 kPa). L'analyse du comportement des ondes a révélé un glissement le long de la feuille plastique. Ce phénomène a aussi été observé in vivo le long de l’aponévrose. L'onde a également été sensible à la présence des fils en téflon car des coupures, des trous, ont été identifiés au cours de la propagation de l’onde. Une nouvelle méthode de post-traitement a été créée pour mesurer les paramètres G' et G" à partir de tests ERM réalisés à plusieurs fréquences (60, 80, 100 Hz) et en utilisant des modèles rhéologiques. Cette méthode a été testée sur un fantôme (50%) qui n’avait pas d’inclusion. Les résultats des mesures viscoélastiques (G', G") ont été validés avec la technique HFVS (Hyper-Fréquence viscoélastique Spectroscopy). Des valeurs similaires, G' et G’’, ont été obtenues avec les deux techniques. Ce dernier résultat valide la nouvelle méthode de post-traitement pour mesurer les propriétés viscoélastiques. Résumé de l'étude in vivo. L'objectif de cette étude in vivo a été de développer des protocoles ERM pour caractériser les propriétés élastiques (module de cisaillement) des neuf muscles de la cuisse. Ces tests ont été effectués à une seule fréquence (90 Hz). Différents modules de cisaillement ont été trouvés entre les muscles. Le gracilis a révélé des propriétés élastiques plus élevées que les autres muscles. Ces différentes élasticités peuvent être dues à différentes compositions physiologiques et architecturales entre les tissus. Ensuite, les propriétés viscoélastiques des muscles ischio (ST, SM, et la BC) et du muscle Gr ont été déterminées en appliquant la nouvelle méthode de post-traitement des données (précédemment validée sur le fantôme 50%) avec des tests ERM multi fréquences (70, 90 et 120 Hz) et en utilisant des modèles rhéologiques. Les résultats ont montré que deux modèles rhéologiques, Zener et springpot, peuvent être utilisés pour mesurer les propriétés viscoélastiques des muscles à l’état passif. De plus, des résultats similaires ont été trouvés entre G "/ G ', obtenus expérimentalement à 90 Hz, et la valeur α du modèle de springpotSummary of the vitro studies. The objective of this in vitro study was to create a phantom witch the same muscle architecture (fiber, aponeurosis …) and mechanical properties of muscle in passive and active states. Two homogeneous phantoms were manufactured with different concentrations of plastisol to simulate the muscle elastic properties in passive (50% of plastisol) and active (70% of plastisol) muscle conditions. Moreover, teflon tubing pipes (D = 0.9 mm) were thread in the upper part of the phantom (50%) to represent the muscle fibers and a plastic sheet (8 x 15 cm) was also included in the middle of the phantom to mimic the aponeurosis structure. Subsequently, MRE tests were performed at 90Hz with two different pneumatic drivers, tube and round shapes, to analyze the effect of the type of driver on the wave propagation. The wavelength was measured from the phase images and the elastic properties (shear modulus) were calculated. Both phantoms revealed elastic properties which were in the same range as in vivo muscle in passive (2.40 ± 0.18 kPa) and active (6.24 ± 0.21 kPa) states. The impact of the type of driver showed higher values with the tube (range: 1.2 kPa to 1.53 kPa). The analysis of the wave behavior revealed a sliding along the plastic sheet as it was observed for in vivo muscle study. The wave was also sensitive to the presence of the fibers where gaps were identified. A new post processing method was established to measure G’ and G” from experimental multi frequencies (60, 80, 100 Hz) MRE (MMRE) tests and rheological models. This method was tested on the phantom (50%) made without fiber. Cross validation of the viscoelastic (G’, G”) results was made with Hyper-Frequency Viscoelastic Spectroscopy (HFVS). Both techniques showed similar range of values for G’ and G” at the same frequencies. This last result validated our new data processing for the viscoelastic measurement. Summary of the in vivo studies. The objective of this in vivo study was to develop MRE protocols to characterize the elastic properties (shear modulus) of the nine thigh muscles. These tests were performed at a single frequency (90Hz). Different shear moduli were found between the muscles. The gracilis revealed the highest elastic properties compared to all the other muscles. These different elasticities may be due to different physiological and architectural compositions between the tissues. Then the viscoelastic properties of the ischio (ST, SM, and BC) and Gr muscles were determined based on our new data-processing method (validated on the phantom 50%) using MMRE tests (70, 90 and 120Hz) and rheological models. The results revealed that two rheological models, zener and springpot, can be used to measure the viscoelastic properties in passive state. A similar trend was found between the experimental ratios G”/G’ obtained at 90 Hz and the α value of the springpot model. The present MRE muscle protocol, and the viscoelastic data base, could be used as non-invasive diagnostic tools to evaluate tissue alterations, the progression of diseases, and the effect of treatments, such as the ongoing therapeutic trials for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
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Nuell, Turon Sergi. "Influence of thigh muscularity on sprint mechanical properties and performance = Influència del desenvolupament muscular de la cuixa sobre les propietats mecàniques de l’esprint i el rendiment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667536.
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Sprint performance is one of the most highly prized faculties in the vast majority of sports, from short accelerations seen in team sports to high maximal speeds reached in track and field events. The capacity to accelerate rapidly and to reach very high speeds is an extremely desirable quality across the sports world. Although many factors influence sprint performance, the ability to produce high horizontal ground reaction forces (GRFs) throughout the sprint seems the ultimate determinant. This ability is inclusive of mechanical properties of the muscles, morphological features and neural mechanisms as well as the ability of the given athlete to orient horizontal GRFs. Moreover, it is known that muscle volume (MV) is closely' related to the ability to produce force and power in any given muscle, therefore, it is logical to suppose that larger muscles would be advantageous for sprint performance. However, enlargement of a muscle increases inertia in the segment and reduces angular acceleration and velocity, which is counterproductive for the goal of improving sprint performance. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to analyse the influence of thigh muscularity (quadriceps, hamstrings and adductors) in sprint performance by examining different populations with different levels of sprint performance and to study the adaptation of these muscles during sprint-training periods in national-level sprinters.
In the first study (Study I), we analysed and compared thigh MVs, sprint performance and sprint mechanical properties (SMPs) from recreationally trained young men and male sprinters. Results from this study showed that sprinters accelerated better than trained males (ES = 2.12-3.68, P < 0.01), but more importantly, they were much faster at high speeds (ES= 4.53, P < 0.01). Sprinters also had larger thigh muscle volumes (ES = 1.12-2.11, P < 0.01), especially in the hamstring musculature. Moreover, strong correlations were found between hamstrings MV and sprint performance (r = -0.670, P < 0.01), and moderate correlations between adductors MVand sprint performance (r = -0.563, P < 0.05). Based on differences in thigh muscularity between these groups and the correlations found, we concluded that hamstrings muscularity plays an important role in sprint performance.
Through the second study (Study II) we compared thigh muscularity, SMPs and performance between sprinters of both sexes. The analysis revealed that only normalised hamstrings MV differed between the sexes, being larger in males (ES
= 1.26, P < 0.05), while quadriceps and adductors showed no differences. Males were much faster than females (ES = 5.01-6.68, P < 0.001) and exhibited greater SMPs (ES = 1.98-6.97, P < 0.01), especially at maximal velocity. As in Study I, strong correlations were found between hamstrings MV and sprint performance (r = -0.685, P < 0.01), and moderate between adductors MV and performance (r
= -0.530, P < 0.05). Moreover, hamstrings muscularity was related to maximal velocity and not to maximal horizontal force, while adductors muscularity showed the opposite correlations. We concluded that hamstrings muscularity is more important than adductors muscularity in determining performance in sprinting. Moreover, hamstrings MV seems more important for reaching very high speeds than adductors MV.
Finally, in the third study (Study Ill) we examined the effect of a 5-month sprint based training macrocycle (SBTM) on sprint performance, thigh MVs and SMPs of national-level sprinters. The athletes were tested before, during and after the SBTM. Sprinters improved their sprint performance in all distances analysed (ES
= 0.46-1.11, P < 0.01) as well as improving maximal velocity (ES= 0.40, P < 0.01)
and the ability to produce horizontal GRFs throughout the sprint (ES = 0.91, P < 0.01). Moreover, we observed a highly consistent hypertrophic pattern in quadriceps, hamstrings and adductors, with increases during the first half of the period of training and maintenance during the second half. Hamstrings and adductors increases were almost the same, and double that of quadriceps. The greater increase in hamstrings and adductors might be related to the prominent role of these muscle groups during sprinting.La capacitat d'esprintar es una de les qualitats més apreciades en la majoria d'esports, des de les curtes acceleracions típiques d'esports col·lectius a les extremes velocitats màximes de curses de velocitat de l'atletisme. La capacitat d'accelerar ràpidament i aconseguir velocitats molt altes sempre és una qualitat molt desitjada dins el món de l'esport. Tot i que molts factors influencien el rendiment en l'esprint, sembla que la capacitat de produir grans forces horitzontals durant l'esprint és el determinant més important. Aquesta capacitat inclou propietats mecaniques dels músculs, factors d'arquitectura i morfologia muscular, propietats del sistema nerviós, com també l'habilitat de l'atleta per orientar endavant aquestes forces. D'altra banda, és sabut que el volum muscular (MV) està estretament lligat a la capacitat de produir força i potència d'un múscul, llavors, sembla lògic pensar que músculs més grossos suposaran un avantatge per al rendiment en l'esprint. Malgrat això, l'engrandiment d'un múscul implica un augment del seu moment d'inèrcia, i així mateix, una reducció de l'acceleració i velocitat angular del segment, la qual cosa és contraproduent per al bon rendiment en l'esprint. Així, l'objectiu de la tesi va ser analitzar la influència del desenvolupament dels grups musculars de la cuixa (quadriceps, isquiosurals i adductors) sobre el rendiment en esprint, analitzant diferents poblacions amb diferent nivell de rendiment, així com estudiar l'adaptació d'aquests grups musculars a un període d'entrenament d'esprint en velocistes de nivell nacional. En el primer estudi (Estudi I), vam analitzar i comparar els MVs de la cuixa, les propietats mecàniques de l'esprint (SMPs) i el rendiment en un grup d'homes joves actius i entrenats i un grup d'homes velocistes. Els resultats d'aquest estudi van mostrar que els velocistes acceleraven molt millor que els actius (ES = 2,12- 3,68; P < 0,01), però, sobretot, van ser molt més ràpids a velocitats altes (ES = 4 ,53; P < 0,01). Els velocistes també van mostrar tenir els músculs de la cuixa més grossos que els actius (ES = 1,12-2,11; P < 0,01), especialment els isquiosurals. A més, es van trobar fortes correlacions entre l'MV dels isquiosurals i el rendiment (r = -0,670; P < 0,01) i moderades entre l'MV dels adductors i el rendiment (r = -0,530; P < 0,05). Basant-nos en les diferències entre MVs entre grups, es va concloure que l'MV dels isquiosurals juga un paper important en el rendiment en l'esprint. En el segon estudi (Estudi II) vam comparar MVs de la cuixa, SMPs i rendiment entre velocistes de diferents sexes. Els resultats revelaren que només l'MV dels isquiosurals diferia entre sexes, essent més gran en els homes (ES = 1,26; P < 0,05), mentre que el de quadriceps i adductors no presentaven diferencies. Els homes van ser molt més rapids que les dones (ES = 5,01-6,68; P < 0,001) i mostraren SPMs molt superiors (ES = 1,98-6,97; P < 0,01), especialment la velocitat màxima. lgual que en el primer estudi, es van trobar fortes correlacions entre l'MV dels isquiosurals i el rendiment (r = -0,685; P < 0,01) i moderades entre l'MV dels adductors i el rendiment (r = -0,530; P < 0,05). A mes, l'MV dels isquiosurals va correlacionar amb la velocitat maxima i no ho va fer amb la força màxima horitzontal, mentre que l'MV dels adductors va mostrar correlacions oposades. Després de tot, vam concloure que el desenvolupament muscular dels isquiosurals sembla més important que el dels adductors de cara al rendiment en l'esprint. A mes, l'MV dels isquiosurals sembla més important que el dels adductors per aconseguir velocitats molt altes. Finalment, en el tercer i ultim estudi (Estudi Ill) vam analitzar l'efecte d'un període d'entrenament específic d'esprint (SBTM) de 5 mesos sobre el rendiment, els MVs de la cuixa i les SMPs en velocistes de nivell nacional. Els atletes van ser sotmesos a tests abans, durant i després de l'SBTM. Els resultats mostren que els velocistes van millorar el rendiment en totes les distàncies analitzades (ES= 0,46-1,11; P < 0,01), juntament amb una millora de la velocitat màxima (ES = 0,40; P < 0,01) i un increment de la producció de forces horitzontals durant l'esprint (ES = 0,91; P < 0,01). A mes vam observar un patró hipertròfic molt consistent en quadriceps, isquiosurals i adductors, amb increments en l'MV durant la primera meitat del període i manteniment durant la segona meitat. També vam veure que !'augment en l'MV d'isquiosurals i adductors va ser pràcticament igual, i fou el doble que el dels quadriceps. Aquest increment tan gran en isquiosurals i adductors, comparat amb els quadriceps, podria estar relacionat amb el rol que tenen aquests grups musculars en el rendiment en l'esprint.
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Affagard, Jean-Sébastien. "Identification des propriétés hyperélastiques des muscles de la cuisse à l'état passif : couplage des techniques de corrélation d'images aux techniques d'imagerie médicale." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975741.
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La compréhension du comportement musculaire est un champ d'investigation primordial dans divers domaines tels que le sport, le crash automobile et la médecine. Peu de techniques in vivo permettent aujourd'hui de caractériser les propriétés mécaniques du muscle. Aussi, l'objectif de ce travail est de développer une méthode d'identification in vivo à partir demesures de champs de déplacement. La méthode d'identification est composée de 3 étapes interdépendantes. La première consiste à réaliser une IRM de la cuisse pour segmenter manuellement différents tissus musculaires (quadriceps, ischios, gracilis et sartorius) et le tissu adipeux. Un comportement Néo-Hookéen est choisi pour modéliser le comportement hyperélastique (C10, D). Dans un second temps, un dispositif expérimental de compression est développé pour mesurer le champ de déplacement in vivo à partir des techniques d'imagerie échographique et de Corrélation d'Images Numériques. Finalement, une méthode inverse est mise en œuvre pour identifier les paramètres C10 et D de chaque tissu. Par le biais d'un exemple numérique, l'erreur sur les paramètres identifiés est évaluée. Les cartographies des champs de déplacement expérimentaux confirment les observations qualitatives obtenues sur les images échographiques et sont validées par les champs de déformation obtenus par approximation diffuse. Une faible erreur d'identification (C10<3%, D<7%) est obtenue à partir de l'exemple numérique, et les paramètres mécaniques identifiés sont en accord avec la littérature. Ces résultats valident la démarche inverse mise en œuvre qui permettra, à terme, de suivre l'évolution des pathologies et de mener des simulations prédictives.
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Sonnekalb, Sara. "Impact of different warm-up conditions on hamstring torque and power." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Thesis (M. Ed.)--Bowling Green State University, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-44). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Judkovich, Michael. "An Active Contour Approach for 3D Thigh Muscle Segmentation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1618866341802777.
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Skarpsno, Eivind Schjelderup. "The effect of delayed onset muscle soreness in quadriceps on habitual thigh muscle activity." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25606.
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Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute quadriceps pain, caused by delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), on long-term habitual muscle activity in knee extensors and flexors. A second purpose was to investigate the effect of DOMS on controlled muscle activation in the laboratory, and to compare this with the habitual recordings. Methods: Eighteen healthy subjects (10 females and 8 males, mean age 23 years, range 20-31) participated in the study. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded bilaterally from vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medialis and biceps femoris on two weekdays with one day of rest between recordings. The laboratory tests (standing, walking in stairs, standing up from a seated posture, isometric contraction, and maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]) were performed before the long-term field recordings. Body posture (sitting, standing, and walking) was recorded with an accelerometer, and heart rate was recorded with electrocardiography (ECG). Immediately after the first long-term recording, the subjects performed an eccentric exercise (Barbell lunges) with use of the dominant leg only. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), pain scored on visual analogue scale (VAS) and maximum force during a maximal isometric contraction were used to assess symptoms of DOMS. Results: There were no differences in time spent in different body postures or heart rate between the first and second long-term recording. DOMS was indicated by a significant reduction of PPT in the quadriceps muscle, a significant raised VAS-score, and a significant reduction in maximum knee extension force in the exercised leg. Habitual sEMG activity (median sEMG level, μV) of the antagonist in the exercised thigh increased from first to second long-term recording during seated posture, while sEMG activity in the exercised vastus medialis decreased from first to second long-term recording during periods with standing posture (P<.05 for both comparisons). Thigh sEMG activity remained unchanged for the untrained leg in all postures during the long-term recordings. During the laboratory tests, sEMG activity of the antagonist of the painful thigh increased during walking in stairs (P=.003), but remained unchanged in other controlled contractions. When comparing standing posture in the laboratory with standing posture during the long-term field recording, the same tendency was observed, i.e., decreased agonist and increased antagonist activity in the exercised leg. Conclusion: The present findings indicate that DOMS has no or only moderate effect on muscle activity, and the results indicates that the responses to muscle pain is not so stereotypical as suggested by the pain adaption model. Thus, the current findings support the notion that pain models should include a task dependency aspect. Key words: Delayed onset muscle soreness, electromyography, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, posture, habitual activity patterns, vicious cycle theory, pain adaption model
Books on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Slimmingyour hips and thighs. Wellingborough: Stephens, 1987.
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Drumm, Wendy Stehling. Thin thighs in 30 days. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin, 2010.
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Thin thighs in 30 days. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin, 2010.
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O'Sullivan, Kieran. The role of muscle strength in hamstring injury. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.
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A comparison of concentric and eccentric hamstring to quadricep peak torque ratios at various speeds of muscle contraction as determined by the Kinetic Communicator. 1990.
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A comparison of concentric and eccentric hamstring to quadricep peak torque ratios at various speeds of muscle contraction as determined by the Kinetic Communicator. 1990.
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A comparison of concentric and eccentric hamstring to quadricep peak torque ratios at various speeds of muscle contraction as determined by the Kinetic Communicator. 1990.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Quadriceps Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0014.
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Quadriceps muscles extend the knees and are important for walking and balance. Knee buckling is the most common presentation of quadriceps weakness. Knee buckling is common in the elderly as it can also be caused by knee arthritis. Patients with quadriceps weakness often modify their lifestyle for years before they seek medical advice. Quadriceps muscles are very sensitive to immobility and they may lose 50% of their bulk within 2 weeks of immobility. On the other hand, they build mass quickly by exercises. Sometimes, quadriceps muscles are selectively and severely involved, leading to an early disability. Severe thigh pain, if continued for a few weeks, may lead to disuse atrophy. Severe neuropathic thigh pain and atrophy are typically seen in diabetic amyotrophy. Other causes of thigh pain include L3 radiculopathy, meralgia paresthetica, and muscle infarction. Examination of the knee extension should never be deleted from neuromuscular evaluation.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Quadriceps Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0014.
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Quadriceps muscles extend the knees and are important for walking and balance. Knee buckling (sudden giving away of the knees) is the most common presentation of quadriceps weakness. Knee buckling is common in the elderly, as it can also be caused by knee arthritis. Patients with quadriceps weakness often modify their lifestyle for years before they seek medical advice. Quadriceps muscles are very sensitive to immobility, and they may lose half their bulk within 2 weeks. On the other hand, they build mass quickly with exercise. Sometimes quadriceps muscles are selectively and severely involved, leading to early disability. Severe thigh pain, if it continues for a few weeks, may lead to disuse atrophy. Severe neuropathic thigh pain and atrophy are typically seen in diabetic amyotrophy. Other causes of thigh pain include L3 radiculopathy, meralgia paresthetica, and muscle infarction. Examination of the knee extension should always be part of neuromuscular evaluation.
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Dugan, Ann. Slimming Your Hips and Thighs. Haynes Publishing Group, 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Silvestri, Enzo, and Claudio Mazzola. "Thigh Compartments." In Ultrasound Anatomy of Lower Limb Muscles, 161–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14894-6_18.
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Hassel, Bruno, Pedro Henrique Martins, Silvana Mendonça, Clarissa Canella, and José Luiz Runco. "Posterior Compartment of the Thigh Muscles Injuries." In Sports and Traumatology, 285–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43344-8_17.
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Rahni, Ashrani Aizzuddin Abd, Mohd Izuan Ibrahim, Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh, Noor Ibrahim Mohamed Sakian, and Suzana Shahar. "Development of Automated Segmentation of the Thigh Muscles from Dixon MRI for Fat Fraction Quantification." In 6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2021, 437–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90724-2_47.
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Loeb, G. E., J. A. Hoffer, N. Sugano, W. B. Marks, M. J. O’Donovan, and C. A. Pratt. "Activity Patterns of Identified Alpha Motoneurons to Cat Anterior Thigh Muscles during Normal Walking and Flexor Reflexes." In Motor Control, 159–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7508-5_28.
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Fernández-Jaén, Tomas, and Pedro Guillén García. "Thigh/Muscle Injuries." In Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports, 153–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60752-7_23.
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Mesbah, Samineh, Ahmed Shalaby, Sean Stills, Ahmed Soliman, Andrea Willhite, Susan Harkema, Enrico Rejc, and Ayman El-baz. "A Novel Automatic Segmentation Method to Quantify the Effects of Spinal Cord Injury on Human Thigh Muscles and Adipose Tissue." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 703–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66185-8_79.
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Gong, Zhendi, Rosemary Nicholas, Susan T. Francis, and Xin Chen. "Thigh and Calf Muscles Segmentation Using Ensemble of Patch-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network on Whole-Body Water-Fat MRI." In Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, 262–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12053-4_20.
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Kotake, Tomomitsu, Mikoto Baba, Nobuyuki Dohi, Toshio Kajiwara, Yoshiki Koyama, and Yoshimasa Setoguchi. "A Computed Tomography Study of Skeletal Muscle in the Thigh in Hemiplegics." In Adapted Physical Activity, 103–6. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68272-1_17.
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Tang, Zihao, Chenyu Wang, Phu Hoang, Sidong Liu, Weidong Cai, Domenic Soligo, Ruth Oliver, Michael Barnett, and Ché Fornusek. "Automatic Segmentation of Thigh Muscle in Longitudinal 3D T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance (MR) Images." In Data Driven Treatment Response Assessment and Preterm, Perinatal, and Paediatric Image Analysis, 14–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00807-9_2.
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Amer, Rula, Jannette Nassar, David Bendahan, Hayit Greenspan, and Noam Ben-Eliezer. "Automatic Segmentation of Muscle Tissue and Inter-muscular Fat in Thigh and Calf MRI Images." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 219–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32245-8_25.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Ahmad, Ezak, Jamie S. McPhee, Hans Degens, and Moi Hoon Yap. "Automatic Segmentation of MRI Human Thigh Muscles." In the 2018 8th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3208955.3208958.
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Ciobanu, Laura, Vasile Maciuc, and Razvan Mihail Rusu-Radu. "Correlations between peritoneal fat, mid-thigh fat and mid-thigh muscles in chronic respiratory patients." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa606.
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Di Nardo, F., A. Mengarelli, E. Maranesi, L. Burattini, and S. Fioretti. "Influence of gender on the myoelectric signal of thigh muscles." In 2014 IEEE/ASME 10th International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications (MESA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mesa.2014.6935538.
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Shabani, Arya, and Mohammad J. Mahjoob. "Bio-signal interface for knee rehabilitation robot utilizing EMG signals of thigh muscles." In 2016 4th International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICROM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrom.2016.7886851.
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Ahmad, Ezak, Moi Hoon Yap, Hans Degens, and Jamie S. McPhee. "Atlas-registration based image segmentation of MRI human thigh muscles in 3D space." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Claudia R. Mello-Thoms and Matthew A. Kupinski. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2043606.
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Schiehlen, Werner, and Marko Ackermann. "Estimation of Metabolical Costs for Human Locomotion." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84229.
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Metabolical energy is the chemical energy consumed by skeletal muscles to generate force. This quantity is useful to understand the comfort of human gait and to evaluate, in terms of effort required, the performance of devices or therapies designed to improve gait quality of persons presenting gait disorders. Firstly, this paper presents the frequently used estimations of energy expenditure based lonely on joint torques and mechanical costs obtained by inverse dynamics of passive and active walking devices. Secondly, a more advanced approach is discussed consisting of modeling the musculoskeletal system with Hill-type phenomenological muscle models and computing the metabolical expenditure adopting expressions recently proposed in the literature. As an example a musculoskeletal model of the lower limb in the sagittal plane consisting of thigh, shank and foot with three degrees of freedom and actuated by eight muscles is considered. This model is used to estimate metabolical costs for known normal gait kinematical data obtained in a gait analysis laboratory.
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Sakamoto, Mitsuki, Yuta Hiasa, Yoshito Otake, Masaki Takao, Yuki Suzuki, Nobuhiko Sugano, and Yoshinobu Sato. "Automated segmentation of hip and thigh muscles in metal artifact contaminated CT using CNN." In International Forum on Medical Imaging in Asia, edited by Hiroshi Fujita, Feng Lin, and Jong Hyo Kim. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2521440.
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Krenn, M., D. Rafolt, E. Gallasch, H. Kern, and W. Mayr. "The relationship between electrical stimulus and viscoelastic parameters of the denervated anterior thigh muscles." In 2009 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2009.4906631.
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Prescott, J. W., M. Priddy, T. M. Best, M. Pennell, M. S. Swanson, F. Haq, R. D. Jackson, and M. N. Gurcan. "An automated method to detect interstitial adipose tissue in thigh muscles for patients with osteoarthritis." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5333260.
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McGee, Michael, and Said Shakerin. "Leg Stretcher for Rehabilitation." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60258.
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To alleviate some of the problems associated with upper motor neuron diseases, passive movement and stretching are often prescribed. However, the patient has to make continual and frequent visits to a physical therapist, which is expensive and inconvenient. Therefore, there is a need for devices by which the patient can self-administer some of the prescribed exercise(s) at home. In this paper, the design of a portable unit for self-administered stretching of thigh muscles is presented.
Reports on the topic "Thigh muscles"
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Volunteer Kinematics and Reaction in Lateral Emergency Maneuver Tests. SAE International, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-22-0013.
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It is important to understand human kinematics and muscle activation patterns in emergency maneuvers for the design of safety systems and for the further development of human models. The objective of this study was to quantify kinematic behavior and muscle activation in simulated steering tests in several realistic conditions. In total 108 tests were performed with 10 volunteers undergoing purely lateral maneuvers at 5 m/s2 deceleration or simulated lane change maneuvers at 5 m/s2 peak acceleration and peak yaw velocity of 25 °/s. Test subjects were seated on a rigid seat and restrained by a 4-point belt with retractor. Driver subjects were instructed to be relaxed or braced and to hold the steering wheel while passenger subjects were instructed to put their hands on their thighs. Subjects were instrumented with photo markers that were tracked with 3D high-speed stereo cameras and with electromyography (EMG) electrodes on 8 muscles. Corridors of head displacement, pitch and roll and displacement of T1, shoulder, elbow, hand and knee were created representing mean response and standard deviation of all subjects. In lane change tests for the passenger configuration significant differences were observed in mean peak of head left lateral displacement between the relaxed and the braced volunteers, i.e. 171 mm (σ=58, n=21) versus 121 mm (σ=46, n=17), respectively. Sitting in a relaxed position led to significantly lower muscle activity of the neck muscles. It was concluded that significantly more upper body motion and lower muscle activity was observed for relaxed subjects than for braced subjects.