Journal articles: 'Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals (TILCs)'

1

Axenov, Kirill V., and Sabine Laschat. "Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals." Materials 4, no. 1 (January 14, 2011): 206–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma4010206.

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Huang, Zhaohui, Ping Qi, Yihan Liu, Chunxiao Chai, Yitong Wang, Aixin Song, and Jingcheng Hao. "Ionic-surfactants-based thermotropic liquid crystals." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 28 (2019): 15256–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02697e.

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Bruce, Duncan W., David A. Dunmur, Elena Lalinde, Peter M. Maitlis, and Peter Styring. "Novel types of ionic thermotropic liquid crystals." Nature 323, no. 6091 (October 1986): 791–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/323791a0.

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4

Gridyakina, A. V. "Electric Properties of Ionic Thermotropic Liquid Crystals." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 61, no. 6 (June 2016): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe61.06.0502.

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Rizzo, Carla, Ignazio Fiduccia, Silvestre Buscemi, Antonio Palumbo Piccionello, Andrea Pace, and Ivana Pibiri. "Shaping 1,2,4-Triazolium Fluorinated Ionic Liquid Crystals." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 2947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13052947.

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The synthesis and thermotropic behaviour of some di-alkyloxy-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolium trifluoromethane-sulfonate salts bearing a seven-carbon atom perfluoroalkyl chain on the cation is herein described. The fluorinated salts presenting a 1,2,4-triazole as a core and differing in the length of two alkyloxy chains on the phenyl ring demonstrated a typical liquid crystalline behaviour. The mesomorphic properties of this set of salts were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. The thermotropic properties are discussed on the grounds of the tuneable structures of the salts. The results showed the existence of a monotropic, columnar, liquid crystalline phase for the salts tested. An increase in the temperature mesophase range and the presence of two enantiotropic mesophases for the sixteen-atom alkyloxy chain salt can be observed by increasing the length of the alkyloxy chain on the phenyl ring.

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Wang, Yong-Lei, Bin Li, and Aatto Laaksonen. "Coarse-grained simulations of ionic liquid materials: from monomeric ionic liquids to ionic liquid crystals and polymeric ionic liquids." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 35 (2021): 19435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp02662c.

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A novel coarse-grained model for ethyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids were developed to study thermotropic phase behaviors of monomeric ionic liquids and to explore ion association structures and ion transport quantities in polymeric ionic liquids with different architectures.

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Qiao, Xuanxuan, Panpan Sun, Aoli Wu, Na Sun, Bin Dong, and Liqiang Zheng. "Supramolecular Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals Formed via Self-Assembled Zwitterionic Ionic Liquids." Langmuir 35, no. 5 (December 18, 2018): 1598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03448.

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Bhowmik, Pradip, Haesook Han, Ivan Nedeltchev, and James Cebe. "Room-Temperature Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals: Viologen Bis(Triflimide) Salts." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 419, no. 1 (January 2004): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400490478272.

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Veltri, Lucia, Gabriella Cavallo, Amerigo Beneduci, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Maurizio Ursini, Roberto Romeo, Giancarlo Terraneo, and Bartolo Gabriele. "Synthesis and thermotropic properties of new green electrochromic ionic liquid crystals." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 46 (2019): 18285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj03303c.

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10

Phillips, M. L., T. M. Barbara, S. Plesko, and J. Jonas. "Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals. V. Deuterium NMR study of sodiumn‐alkanoates." Journal of Chemical Physics 84, no. 9 (May 1986): 5143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450667.

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Dvinskikh, Sergey V. "Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of translational diffusion in thermotropic ionic liquid crystals." Liquid Crystals 47, no. 13 (July 31, 2019): 1975–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2019.1647569.

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12

Weber, Melina S., Margit Schulze, Giuseppe Lazzara, Antonio Palumbo Piccionello, Andrea Pace, and Ivana Pibiri. "Oxadiazolyl-Pyridinium as Cationic Scaffold for Fluorinated Ionic Liquid Crystals." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 10347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110347.

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The synthesis and characterization of a new class of 1,2,4-oxadiazolylpyridinium as a cationic scaffold for fluorinated ionic liquid crystals is herein described. A series of 12 fluorinated heterocyclic salts based on a 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety, connected through its C(5) or C(3) to an N-alkylpyridinium unit and a perfluoroheptyl chain, differing in the length of the alkyl chain and counterions, has been synthesized. As counterions iodide, bromide and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide have been considered. The synthesis, structure, and liquid crystalline properties of these compounds are discussed on the basis of the tuned structural variables. The thermotropic properties of this series of salts have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. The results showed the existence of an enantiotropic mesomorphic smectic liquid crystalline phase for six bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide salts.

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Haristoy, Denis, and Dimitris Tsiourvas. "Effect of counterions on the thermotropic and thermochromic properties of ionic liquid crystals." Liquid Crystals 31, no. 5 (May 2004): 697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678290410001675110.

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Garbovskiy, Yuriy, Alexander Koval'chuk, Alexandra Grydyakina, Svitlana Bugaychuk, Tatyana Mirnaya, and Gertruda Klimusheva. "Electrical conductivity of lyotropic and thermotropic ionic liquid crystals consisting of metal alkanoates." Liquid Crystals 34, no. 5 (May 2007): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678290701292439.

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15

ARTZNER, FRANCK, MICHELE VEBER, MARIANNE CLERC, and ANNE-MARIE LEVELUT. "Evidence of nematic, hexagonal and rectangular columnar phases in thermotropic ionic liquid crystals." Liquid Crystals 23, no. 1 (July 1997): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026782997208631.

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16

Chachaty, C., T. Bredel, A. M. Tistchenko, J. P. Caniparoli, and B. Gallot. "Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals of pyridinium octylphosphate A N.M.R. and X-ray study." Liquid Crystals 3, no. 6-7 (June 1988): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678298808086538.

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17

Jiang, Yunxia, Shuxia Liu, Jing Zhang, and Lixin Wu. "Phase modulation of thermotropic liquid crystals of tetra-n-alkylammonium polyoxometalate ionic complexes." Dalton Transactions 42, no. 21 (2013): 7643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3dt50277e.

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18

Gridyakina, O., H. Bordyuh, and O. Bilous. "Nonlinear optical properties of metal-alkanoate liquid crystalline media." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 3 (2018): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2018/3.13.

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This work presents the analysis of experimental data on studies of optical and nonlinear optical properties of lyotropic ionic liquid crystals of potassium caprylate doped with electrochromic viologen admixtures, and smectic glasses of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals of cobalt alkanoates homologous series (number of carbon atoms in alkanoate chain n = 7, 9, 11) and their multicomponent mixtures. Prior to performing nonlinear optical experiment the optical absorption spectra for all samples were investigated. Laser induced dynamic grating recording under the action of nanosecond laser pulses was realized, observed and analyzed for the proposed absorptive media. It was discovered that studied materials are characterized by cubic optical nonlinearity and have values of cubic nonlinear susceptibility χ(3) and hyperpolarizability γ comparable with the best characteristics of organic dyes. The possible mechanism of nonlinear response in studied systems was considered on the base of obtained data. The nonlinear response mechanism is connected with nonlinear polarization of π-electrons in the field of laser radiation.

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Canilho, Nadia, Markus Scholl, Harm-Anton Klok, and Raffaele Mezzenga. "Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals via Self-Assembly of Cationic Hyperbranched Polypeptides and Anionic Surfactants." Macromolecules 40, no. 23 (November 2007): 8374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma071558v.

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Dai, Jing, Boris Kharkov, and Sergey Dvinskikh. "Molecular and Segmental Orientational Order in a Smectic Mesophase of a Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystal." Crystals 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010018.

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We investigate conformational dynamics in the smectic A phase formed by the mesogenic ionic liquid 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate. Solid-state high-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra are recorded in the sample with the mesophase director aligned in the magnetic field of the NMR spectrometer. The applied NMR method, proton encoded local field spectroscopy, delivers heteronuclear dipolar couplings of each 13C spin to its 1H neighbours. From the analysis of the dipolar couplings, orientational order parameters of the C–H bonds along the hydrocarbon chain were determined. The estimated value of the molecular order parameter S is significantly lower compared to that in smectic phases of conventional non-ionic liquid crystals.

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21

Ichikawa, Takahiro, Yui Sasaki, Tsubasa Kobayashi, Hikaru Oshiro, Ayaka Ono, and Hiroyuki Ohno. "Design of Ionic Liquid Crystals Forming Normal-Type Bicontinuous Cubic Phases with a 3D Continuous Ion Conductive Pathway." Crystals 9, no. 6 (June 14, 2019): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9060309.

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We have prepared a series of pyridinium-based gemini amphiphiles. They exhibit thermotropic liquid–crystalline behavior depending on their alkyl chain lengths and anion species. By adjusting the alkyl chain lengths and selecting suitable anions, we have obtained an ionic amphiphile that exhibits a normal-type bicontinuous cubic phase from 38 °C to 12 °C on cooling from an isotropic phase. In the bicontinuous cubic liquid–crystalline assembly, the pyridinium-based ionic parts align along a gyroid minimal surface forming a 3D continuous ionic domain while their ionophobic alkyl chains form 3D branched nanochannel networks. This ionic compound can form homogeneous mixtures with a lithium salt and the resultant mixtures keep the ability to form normal-type bicontinuous cubic phases. Ion conduction measurements have been performed for the mixtures on cooling. It has been revealed that the formation of the 3D branched ionophobic nanochannels does not disturb the ion conduction behavior in the ionic domain while it results in the conversion of the state of the mixtures from fluidic liquids to quasi-solids, namely highly viscous liquid crystals. Although the ionic conductivity of the mixtures is in the order of 10–7 S cm–1 at 40 °C, which is far lower than the values for practical use, the present material design has a potential to pave the way for developing advanced solid electrolytes consisting of two task-specific nanosegregated domains: One is an ionic liquid nano-domain with a 3D continuity for high ionic conductivity and the other is ionophobic nanochannel network domains for high mechanical strength.

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22

Phillips, M. L., and J. Jonas. "Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals VI. Structural Parameters of Solid and Liquid Crystal Phases of Anhydrous Short-Chain Sodium Alkanoates." Liquid Crystals 2, no. 3 (May 1987): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678298708086679.

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23

Jo, Tae Soo, Haesook Han, Pradip K. Bhowmik, Benoît Heinrich, and Bertrand Donnio. "Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline and Light-Emitting Properties of Poly(pyridinium) Salts Containing Various Diamine Connectors and Hydrophilic Macrocounterions." Polymers 11, no. 5 (May 10, 2019): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050851.

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A set of poly(pyridinium) salts containing various diamine moieties, as molecular connectors, and poly(ethyleneglycol)-4-nonylphenyl-3-sulfopropyl ether, thereafter referred to as “Macroion”, as the hydrophilic counterion, were prepared by metathesis reaction from the respective precursory tosylated poly(pyridinium)s in methanol. The structure of these ionic polymers was established by spectroscopy and chromatography techniques. The shape-persistent ionic poly(pyridinium) materials, inserting rigid or semi-rigid diamine spacers, display thermotropic liquid-crystalline properties from room-temperature up to their isotropization (in the temperature range around 160–200 °C). The nature of the LC phases is lamellar in both cases as identified by the combination of various complementary experimental techniques including DSC, POM and variable-temperature SAXS. The other polymers, inserting bulky or flexible spacers, only form room temperature viscous liquids. These new macromolecular systems can then be referred to as polymeric ionic liquid crystals (PILCs) and or polymeric ionic liquids (PILs). All the ionic polymers show excellent thermal stability, in the 260–330 °C temperature range as determined by TGA measurements, and a good solubility in common organic solvents as well as in water. Their optical properties were characterized in both solution and solid states by UV−Vis and photoluminescent spectroscopies. They emit blue or green light in both the states and exhibit a positive solvatochromic effect.

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24

Phillips, M. L., and J. Jonas. "Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals. VII. Calculation of sodium‐23 quadrupole coupling constants in lamellar phases of sodium alkanoates." Journal of Chemical Physics 86, no. 7 (April 1987): 4294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.451889.

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25

Arkas, Michael, Marilina Douloudi, Michail Vardavoulias, and Theodora Katsika. "Lamellar Tetragonal Symmetry of Amphiphilic Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals in the Framework of Other Closely Related Highly Ordered Structures." Symmetry 14, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020394.

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An overview of the chemical compounds forming the rare smectic T phases is presented with references to the historical context. Thermodynamics (transition temperatures, enthalpies) along with the factors (stereochemical constraints, electrostatic interactions, aliphatic chain stacking, intermolecular forces) contributing to the adoption of tetragonal scaffolds are also discussed. Characteristic optical microscopy textures and X-ray diffraction patterns are presented. In parallel, a comparison of the geometrical parameters such as distances between atoms, molecular areas, volumes, and lattice parameters with the closest two-dimensional and three-dimensional organizations, is performed.

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26

Ichikawa, Takahiro, Masafumi Yoshio, Atsushi Hamasaki, Junko Kagimoto, Hiroyuki Ohno, and Takashi Kato. "3D Interconnected Ionic Nano-Channels Formed in Polymer Films: Self-Organization and Polymerization of Thermotropic Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid Crystals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 133, no. 7 (February 23, 2011): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja106707z.

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27

Fernandes, Ricardo M. F., Yujie Wang, Pedro B. Tavares, Sandra C. C. Nunes, Alberto A. C. C. Pais, and Eduardo F. Marques. "Critical Role of the Spacer Length of Gemini Surfactants on the Formation of Ionic Liquid Crystals and Thermotropic Behavior." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 121, no. 46 (November 9, 2017): 10583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b08618.

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28

Lo Celso, Fabrizio, Ivana Pibiri, Alessandro Triolo, Roberto Triolo, Andrea Pace, Silvestre Buscemi, and Nicol? Vivona. "Study on the thermotropic properties of highly fluorinated 1,2,4-oxadiazolylpyridinium salts and their perspective applications as ionic liquid crystals." Journal of Materials Chemistry 17, no. 12 (2007): 1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b615190f.

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29

Maeda, Hiromitsu. "Ordered Arrangement of Charged Porphyrins in π-Electronic Ion-Pairing Assemblies." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0114982mtgabs.

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π-Electronic ions with appropriate geometries and peripheral substituents provide assemblies through the interactions between charged building subunits, resulting in fascinating electronic properties. Structures and properties of the assemblies can be controlled by the combined negatively and positively charged species in the assemblies. Thus far, diverse π-electronic ions along with ion-responsive π-electronic systems have afforded dimension-controlled ion-pairing assemblies as crystals, supramolecular gels, and thermotropic liquid crystals.[1] Highly ordered arrangement of charged species has been found to be a key factor to exhibit the enhanced performance as fascinating electronic materials. In fact, ion pairs of porphyrin–AuIII complexes as π-electronic cations, prepared with the combination of various anions including π-electronic anions, formed dimension-controlled assemblies as thermotropic liquid crystals, whose ionic components were highly organized by i π– i π interactions (mainly electrostatic and dispersion forces).[2] Furthermore, π-electronic ion pairs comprising porphyrin-based π-electronic anions[3] have exhibited characteristic assembling modes via i π– i π interactions and resulting electronic properties such as solid-state absorption, which was correlated with the arrangement of constituent charged π-systems, and photoinduced electron transfer.[4] References [1] Recent reviews: (a) Haketa, Y. et al. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. 2020, 5, 757; (b) Yamasumi, K. et al. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2021, 94, 2252. [2](a) Haketa, H. et al. iScience 2019, 14, 241; (b) Tanaka, H. et al. Chem. Asian J. 2019, 14, 2129; (c) Tanaka, H. et al. Chem. Asian J. 2020, 15, 494; (d) Fumuto, N. et al. Org. Lett. 2021, 23, 3897; (e) Kuno, A. et al. Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 27, 10068. [3](a) Sasano, Y. et al. Dalton Trans. 2017, 46, 8924. (b) Sasano, Y. et al. Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 6712. [4] Sasano, Y.; Tanaka, H. et al. Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 9645.

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Otón, Eva, Morten Andreas Geday, Caterina Maria Tone, José Manuel Otón, and Xabier Quintana. "Aligning lyotropic liquid crystals with unconventional organic layers." Photonics Letters of Poland 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i1.701.

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Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLC) are a kind of LCs far less known and more difficult to control than conventional thermotropic nematics. Nevertheless, LCLCs are a preferred option -often the only one- for applications where hydrophilic materials must be employed. Being water-soluble, LCLC can be used in numerous biology related devices, for example in target detection in lab-on-chip devices. However, their properties and procedures to align them are still less explored, with only a very limited number of options available, especially for homeotropic alignment. In this work, novel organic alignment layers and alignment properties have been explored for selected LCLCs. Non-conventional organic alignment layers were tested and new suitable procedures and materials for both homogeneous and homeotropic alignments have been found. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS.L. Hefinstine, O.D. Lavrentovich, C.J. Woolverton, "Lyotropic liquid crystal as a real-time detector of microbial immune complexes", Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 43, 27 (2006). CrossRef M.A. Geday, M. Ca-o-García, J.M. Escolano, E. Otón, J.M. Otón, X. Quintana, Conference on Liquid Crystals CLC'16, Poland (2016).M.A. Geday, E. Otón, J.M. Escolano, J.M. Otón, X. Quintana, Patent WO 2015193525 (2015). DirectLink Yu.A. Nastishin et al., "Optical characterization of the nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals: Light absorption, birefringence, and scalar order parameter", Phys. Rev. E, 72 (4) 41711 (2005). CrossRef A. Mcguire, et al., "Orthogonal Orientation of Chromonic Liquid Crystals by Rubbed Polyamide Films", Chem. Phys. Chem. 15 (7) (2014). CrossRef J. Jeong, et al., "Homeotropic Alignment of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Using Noncovalent Interactions", Langmuir 30(10) 2914 (2014). CrossRef J.Y. Kim, H.-Tae Jung, "Macroscopic alignment of chromonic liquid crystals using patterned substrates", Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 10362 (2016). CrossRef E. Otón, J.M. Escolano, X. Quintana, J.M. Otón, M.A. Geday, "Aligning lyotropic liquid crystals with silicon oxides", Liq. Cryst. 42 (8) 1069 (2015). CrossRef H.S. Park, et al., "Condensation of Self-Assembled Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystal Sunset Yellow in Aqueous Solutions Crowded with Polyethylene Glycol and Doped with Salt", Langmuir 27, 4164 (2011). CrossRef H.S. Park, et al., "Self-Assembly of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystal Sunset Yellow and Effects of Ionic Additives", J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 16307 (2008). CrossRef R Caputo et al., "POLICRYPS: a liquid crystal composed nano/microstructure with a wide range of optical and electro-optical applications", J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 11, 024017 (2009). CrossRef

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31

Asaftei, Simona, Marius Ciobanu, Ana Maria Lepadatu, Enfeng Song, and Uwe Beginn. "Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals by molecular assembly and ion pairing of 4,4′-bipyridinium derivatives and tris(dodecyloxy)benzenesulfonates in a non-polar solvent." Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, no. 29 (2012): 14426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2jm31830j.

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Toskic-Radojicic, Marija, and Zorka Nonkovic. "Influence of base on the release of antibiotics from officinal ointments." Vojnosanitetski pregled 62, no. 5 (2005): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0505383t.

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Backgraund. Officinal basis for the antibiotic ointments according to the 4th Yugoslav Pharmacopoeia is a hydrophobic base containing only aliphatic hydrocarbons. The fact that antibiotics are predominantly not lipophylic raises the question about the suitability of that particular type of the base for the manufacturing of antibiotic ointments. Recent studies of the lipid analysis of the skin corneal layer indicated that lipids had shown the bilamellar organization in the skin intercorneal space. Such structural organization could be seen in the ambiphylic bases whose structure was based on carefully selected emulsifier couple, consisting of the lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. The aim of this study was to test the velocity of antibiotics (klindamycin hydrochloride, erythromycin base and chloramphenicol) release from the hydrophobic ointment-type bases, and from ambiphylic bases of anionic and non-ionic types. Methods. Membrane-free agar diffusion test as the basic method for testing the release velocity in vitro and Staphylococcus aureus as the strain highly susceptible to the chosen antibiotics were used. All the analyzed samples were manufactured as the suspension-type ointments. Results. The highest growth inhibition zone of the Staphylococcus aureus strain for all three analyzed antibiotics was achieved from the non-ionogenic ambiphylic base; the clear growth inhibition zone area for Staphylococcus aureus strain in the preparations containing anionic ambiphylic base was smaller by 10-31.28%, and in the preparations containing aliphatic hydrocarbon-type base, the decrease was 11.46-31.28%, compared to the results achieved with the non-ionogenic ambiphylic base. Conclusion. The optimal release velocity for the analyzed antibiotics was achieved from the non-ionic ambiphylic base.

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33

Corkery, Robert W. "Metal organic framework (MOF) liquid crystals. 1D, 2D and 3D ionic coordination polymer structures in the thermotropic mesophases of metal soaps, including alkaline earth, transition metal and lanthanide soaps." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 13, no. 4 (August 2008): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2008.03.001.

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34

Maeda, Hiromitsu. "Ion Pairs of Charged Porphyrins: Ordered Arrangement and Radical-Pair Formation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 15 (August 28, 2023): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01151401mtgabs.

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π-Electronic ions with appropriate geometries and peripheral substituents provide assemblies through the interactions between charged building subunits, resulting in fascinating electronic properties. Structures and properties of the assemblies can be controlled by the combined positively and negatively charged species in the assemblies.[1,2] In fact, π-electronic ion pairs comprising porphyrin-based π-electronic anions[3] have exhibited characteristic assembling modes via i π– i π interactions and resulting electronic properties such as solid-state absorption, which was correlated with the arrangement of constituent charged π-systems, and photoinduced electron transfer.[4] On the other hand, ion pairs of porphyrin–AuIII complexes as π-electronic cations, prepared with the combination of various anions including π-electronic anions, formed assemblies as crystals and thermotropic liquid crystals, whose ionic components were highly organized by i π– i π interactions (mainly electrostatic and dispersion forces).[5] Among various combinations of these porphyrin cations and anions, the “activated” ion pair of meso-EWG (electron-withdrawing group)-substituted cation and meso-EDG (electron-donating group)-substituted anion exhibited the electron transfer in the steady state according to solvent polarity, resulting in the production of the radical pair. The ESR in frozen toluene revealed the formation of a heterodiradical in a close stacking structure by the antiferromagnetic dipolar interaction and temperature-dependent spin transfer behavior.[6,7] [1] Recent reviews: (a) Haketa, Y. et al. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. 2020, 5, 757; (b) Yamasumi, K. et al. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2021, 94, 2252. [2] Recent reports on pyrrole-based π-electronic molecules: (a) Watanabe, Y. et al. Chem. Eur. J. 2020, 26, 6767; (b) Haketa, Y. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 16420; (c) Kuno, A. et al. Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 27, 10068; (d) Fujita, M. et al. Chem. Commun. 2022, 58, 9870. [3] (a) Sasano, Y. et al. Dalton Trans. 2017, 46, 8924; (b) Sasano, Y. et al. Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 6712. [4] Sasano, Y.; Tanaka, H. et al. Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 9645. [5] (a) Haketa, H. et al. iScience 2019, 14, 241; (b) Tanaka, H. et al. Chem. Asian J. 2019, 14, 2129. [6] Tanaka, H. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 21710. [7] The details of excited-state radical pairs: Tanaka, H. et al. to be submitted.

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Gridyakina, Aleksandra. "CONDUCTIVITY OF THERMOTROPIC IONIC LIQUID CRYSTALS." Proceedings of National Aviation University 64, no. 3 (October 13, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2306-1472.64.9016.

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36

Gridyakina, A. V. "Conductivity of composites of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals." Electronics and Control Systems 2, no. 44 (September 28, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/1990-5548.44.8881.

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37

Majhi, Debashis, and Sergey V. Dvinskikh. "Ion conformation and orientational order in a dicationic ionic liquid crystal studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (March 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85021-y.

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AbstractIonic liquids crystals belong to a special class of ionic liquids that exhibit thermotropic liquid-crystalline behavior. Recently, dicationic ionic liquid crystals have been reported with a cation containing two single-charged ions covalently linked by a spacer. In ionic liquid crystals, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions in ionic sublayer and van der Waals interaction in hydrophobic domains are the main forces contributing to the mesophase stabilization and determining the molecular orientational order and conformation. How these properties in dicationic materials are compared to those in conventional monocationic analogs? We address this question using a combination of advanced NMR methods and DFT analysis. Dicationic salt 3,3′-(1,6-hexanediyl)bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dibromide was studied. Local bond order parameters of flexible alkyl side chains, linker chain, and alignment of rigid polar groups were analyzed. The dynamic spacer effectively “decouples” the motion of two ionic moieties. Hence, local order and alignment in dicationic mesophase were similar to those in analogous single-chain monocationic salts. Bond order parameters in the side chains in the dicationic smectic phase were found consistently lower compared to double-chain monocationic analogs, suggesting decreasing contribution of van der Waals forces. Overall dication reorientation in the smectic phase was characterized by low values of orientational order parameter S. With increased interaction energy in the polar domain the layered structure is stabilized despite less ordered dications. The results emphasized the trends in the orientational order in ionic liquid crystals and contributed to a better understanding of interparticle interactions driving smectic assembly in this and analogous ionic mesogens.

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PHILLIPS, M. L., T. M. BARBARA, S. PLESKO, and J. JONAS. "ChemInform Abstract: Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals. Part 5. Deuterium NMR Study of Sodium n-Alkanoates." Chemischer Informationsdienst 17, no. 34 (August 26, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.198634084.

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Kanazawa, A., and T. Ikeda. "Two-Dimensional Superlattice Self-Formed by Novel Ionic Liquid Crystals and Its Photofunctional Property." MRS Proceedings 559 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-559-201.

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ABSTRACTThermotropic liquid-crystalline behavior of various complex salts, which are structurally simple amphiphiles without rigid cores, was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. The phosphonium salts, consisting of positive phosphorus and negative chloride ions, were found to show a smectic A phase in which a homeotropic structure was formed spontaneously. It is significant that the phosphonium salts possess an advantageous feature as thermotropic liquid crystals and show a stable liquid-crystalline phase and a simple phase transition behavior in comparison with commonly available ammonium analogs. Furthermore, the introduction of divalent metal ions into the amphiphiles was revealed to result in enhancement of the thermal properties. Although the ammonium chlorides as parent compounds showed no liquid-crystalline phase (or indistinct transition behavior), the ammonium complexes possessing tetrachlorometalate ions exhibited clearly the smectic A phase in the expanded temperature range. Additionally, through the evaluation of dipolar alignment in the solid-state phosphonium assembly by second harmonic generation, it was assumed that the self-assembly can be regarded as layered polar thin films produced by two-dimensional ionic layers with an overall permanent electric polarization.

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"Hybridizing Organic and Solid State Single-Ion Conductors: Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals for Lithium Battery Electrolytes." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2016-03/2/690.

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Devi, Manisha, Kavyasree A, Ipsita Pani, Soma Sil, and Santanu Kumar Pal. "Label-Free Detection of Ochratoxin A Using Aptamer as Recognition Probe at Liquid Crystal-Aqueous Interface." Frontiers in Soft Matter 2 (March 23, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frsfm.2022.835057.

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Aqueous interfaces of stimuli-responsive, thermotropic nematic liquid crystals (LC) have been utilized in the design of biosensing platforms for a range of analytes. Owing to the orientational changes in LC, these interfaces can easily report aptamer-target binding events at the LC-aqueous interface. We demonstrate a label-free, simple and robust technique for the detection of Ochratoxin A (OTA) using aptamer as the recognition probe. The self-assembly of CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; cationic surfactant) at aqueous-LC interface gives a homeotropic orientation of LC. In presence of negatively charged OTA specific aptamer, aptamer forms a complex with CTAB. Formation of aptamer-CTAB complex results in ordering transition of LCs to planar/tilted. In presence of OTA, OTA forms a strong and stable G-quadruplex structure of aptamer that results in the redistribution of CTAB at LC-aqueous interface and leads to homeotropic orientation of LC. The designed LC aptasensor exhibits a detection limit of 0.1 nM. We observed that the sensitivity of LC aptasensor was affected by the pH and ionic strength. In addition, we demonstrated the applicability of the designed LC aptasensor for the detection of OTA in tap water and apple juice. This approach offers advantages over the conventional detection methods in terms of fabrication, ease of operation, and analysis.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals (TILCs)'

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