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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thermoregulation of the human body

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Academic literature on the topic 'Thermoregulation of the human body'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

1

Wang, Lijuan, Yudong Wang, Guohua Tian, and Yuhui Di. "Human transient response under local thermal stimulation." Thermal Science 21, suppl. 1 (2017): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci17s1019w.

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Human body can operate physiological thermoregulation system when it is exposed to cold or hot environment. Whether it can do the same work when a local part of body is stimulated by different temperatures? The objective of this paper is to prove it. Twelve subjects are recruited to participate in this experiment. After stabilizing in a comfort environment, their palms are stimulated by a pouch of 39, 36, 33, 30, and 27?C. Subject?s skin temperature, heart rate, heat flux of skin, and thermal sensation are recorded. The results indicate that when local part is suffering from harsh temperature, the whole body is doing physiological thermoregulation. Besides, when the local part is stimulated by high temperature and its thermal sensation is warm, the thermal sensation of whole body can be neutral. What is more, human body is more sensitive to cool stimulation than to warm one. The conclusions are significant to reveal and make full use of physiological thermoregulation.

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Bobrova, V. I., S. M. Nikiforov, and L. A. Shevchenko. "Thermoregulation of the human body: norm and pathology." Ukrainian Neurological Journal, no. 3—4 (December 15, 2018): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/unj2018-3-17.

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Yang, Kai, Mingli Jiao, Sifan Wang, Yuanyuan Yu, Quan Diao, and Jian Cao. "Thermoregulation properties of composite phase change materials in high temperature environmental conditions." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-11-2017-0173.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate thermoregulation properties of different composite phase change materials (PCMs), which could be used in the high temperature environmental conditions to protect human body against the extra heat flow. Design/methodology/approach Three kinds of composite PCM samples were prepared using the selected pure PCMs, including n-hexadecane, n-octadecane and n-eicosane. The DSC experiment was performed to get the samples’ phase change temperature range and enthalpy. The simulated high temperature experiments were performed using human arms in three different high temperature conditions (40°C, 45°C, 50°C), and the skin temperature variation curves varying with time were obtained. Then a comprehensive index TGP was introduced from the curves and calculated to evaluate the thermoregulation properties of different composite PCM samples comprehensively. Findings Results show that the composite PCM samples could provide much help to the high temperature human body. It could decrease the skin temperature quickly in a short time and it will not cause the over-cooling phenomenon. Comparing with other two composite PCM samples, the thermoregulation properties of the n-hexadecane and n-eicosane composite PCM is the best. Originality/value Using the n-hexadecane and n-eicosane composite PCM may provide people with better protection against the high temperature conditions, which is significative for the manufacture of functional thermoregulating textiles, garments or equipments.

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Acharya, Saraswati, D. B. Gurung, and V. P. Saxena. "Human males and females body thermoregulation: Perfusion effect analysis." Journal of Thermal Biology 45 (October 2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.07.006.

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Ibraimov, A. I., and S. K. Tabaldiev. "Condensed Chromatin, Cell Thermoregulation and Human Body Heat Conductivity." Journal of Human Ecology 21, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2007.11905944.

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Masood, Rashid, Hafsa Jamshaid, and Muhammad Anam Khubaib. "Development of knitted vest fabrics for human body thermoregulation." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 139, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08430-2.

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NG, E. Y. K., and L. W. LIM. "STUDY OF HUMAN THERMOREGULATION: ADAPTIVE OPTIMIZATION CONTROL THEORY ANALYSIS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 08, no. 01 (March 2008): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021951940800253x.

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An example of homeostasis is temperature regulation at a desired level; this physiological process leads to the preservation of a stable biological environment. A control-theory–based model permits a biomedical engineer to understand the complex operation of thermoregulation, by converting general information to knowledge, and can be integrated to see how systemic parameters influence the entire system. The thermal inputs organized in the hypothalamus to activate thermoregulation responses to heat and cold stimuli, with the widely accepted set-point hypothesis for the regulation of body temperature from a control systems point of view, are, however, not entirely known. There are circumstances (e.g. fever) in which the presumed set-point mechanism appears to break down. This paper evaluates a novel set-level adaptive optimal thermal control paradigm inspired by Hebbian covariance synaptic adaptation, previously proposed based on its potential to predict the homeostatic respiratory system. It introduces a Hebbian feedback covariance learning (HFCL) concept in order to align a neuronal network into the analysis of the thermoregulation system. Hebbian theory is concerned with how neurons connect among themselves to become engrams. The passive-active mathematical model for simulating human thermoregulation during exercise was compared in cool, warm, and hot environments, and then was translated into MATLAB to predict thermoregulation. The two-node core and shell model predictions are comparable with observed thermoregulation responses from the existing literature. The thermoregulation changes with respect to proportionality constant and sensitivity of the receptors. A reasonably general agreement with the measured mean group data of earlier performed laboratory exercise studies was obtained for peak temperature, although it tended to overpredict the core body temperature.

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Tansey, Etain A., and Christopher D. Johnson. "Recent advances in thermoregulation." Advances in Physiology Education 39, no. 3 (September 2015): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00126.2014.

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Thermoregulation is the maintenance of a relatively constant core body temperature. Humans normally maintain a body temperature at 37°C, and maintenance of this relatively high temperature is critical to human survival. This concept is so important that control of thermoregulation is often the principal example cited when teaching physiological homeostasis. A basic understanding of the processes underpinning temperature regulation is necessary for all undergraduate students studying biology and biology-related disciplines, and a thorough understanding is necessary for those students in clinical training. Our aim in this review is to broadly present the thermoregulatory process taking into account current advances in this area. First, we summarize the basic concepts of thermoregulation and subsequently assess the physiological responses to heat and cold stress, including vasodilation and vasoconstriction, sweating, nonshivering thermogenesis, piloerection, shivering, and altered behavior. Current research is presented concerning the body's detection of thermal challenge, peripheral and central thermoregulatory control mechanisms, including brown adipose tissue in adult humans and temperature transduction by the relatively recently discovered transient receptor potential channels. Finally, we present an updated understanding of the neuroanatomic circuitry supporting thermoregulation.

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YOSHIDA, Shinji. "Relationship Between Wind Environment and Thermoregulation of a Human Body." Wind Engineers, JAWE 45, no. 3 (2020): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5359/jawe.45.206.

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Kumari, Babita, and Neeru Adlakha. "Two-dimensional finite difference model to study temperature distribution in SST regions of human limbs immediately after physical exercise in cold climate." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 04, no. 01 (March 2015): 1550002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684115500025.

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Thermoregulation is a complex mechanism regulating heat production within the body (chemical thermoregulation) and heat exchange between the body and the environment (physical thermoregulation) in such a way that the heat exchange is balanced and deep body temperatures are relatively stable. The external heat transfer mechanisms are radiation, conduction, convection and evaporation. The physical activity causes thermal stress and poses challenges for this thermoregulation. In this paper, a model has been developed to study temperature distribution in SST regions of human limbs immediately after physical exercise under cold climate. It is assumed that the subject is doing exercise initially and comes to rest at time t = 0. The human limb is assumed to be of cylindrical shape. The peripheral region of limb is divided into three natural components namely epidermis, dermis and subdermal tissues (SST). Appropriate boundary conditions have been framed based on the physical conditions of the problem. Finite difference has been employed for time, radial and angular variables. The numerical results have been used to obtain temperature profiles in the SST region immediately after continuous exercise for a two-dimensional unsteady state case. The results have been used to analyze the thermal stress in relation to light, moderate and vigorous intensity exercise.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

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Heuvel, Cameron J. van den. "The role of melatonin in human thermoregulation and sleep /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phv2272.pdf.

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Simmons, Grant H. "Cutaneous vasodilation at simulated high altitude : impacts on human thermoregulation and vasoconstrictor function/." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9495.

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Payne, Stephanie. "Phenotypic variation and thermoregulation of the human hand." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/285561.

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The hand has the highest surface area-to-volume ratio of any body part. This property offers the potential for the hand to serve an important function in thermoregulation through radiative heat loss. Theoretically, the capacity for heat loss may be influenced by hand and digit proportions, but the extent to which these proportions influence the hand's radiative properties remains under-investigated. Although hand morphology is highly constrained by both integration and functional dexterity, phenotypic variation in hand and digit proportions across human populations shows broad ecogeographic patterns. These patterns have been associated with climate adaptation. However, the theory linking climate adaptation to such ecogeographic patterns is based on underlying assumptions relating to thermodynamic principles, which have not been tested in vivo. This study sought to determine the influence of hand and digit proportions on heat loss from the hands directly, the additional anthropometric factors that may affect this relationship, and the impact of variation in hand proportions on dexterity in the cold. The relationship between hand proportions and thermoregulation was tested through both laboratory-based investigation and a field study. The laboratory investigation assessed the relationship between hand proportions and heat loss, the influence of body size and composition on this relationship, and the effect of morphological variation on manual dexterity. Participants (N=114; 18-50 years of age), underwent a 3-minute ice-water hand-immersion. Thermal imaging analysis was used to quantify heat loss. Hand and digit proportions were quantified using 2D and 3D scanning techniques; body size and composition were measured using established anthropometric methods and bio-impedance analysis. After accounting for body size, hand width, digit-to-palm length ratio, and skeletal muscle mass were significant predictors of heat loss from the hand, whilsthand length and fat mass were not. A separate set of participants (N=40) performed a Purdue pegboard dexterity test before and after the immersion test, which demonstrated that digit width alone negatively correlated with dexterity. The field study tested whether phenotypic variation in upper limb proportions could be attributed to cold adaptation or selection for dexterity in living populations exposed to significant energetic stress. Upper limb segment lengths were obtained from participants (N=254; 18-59 years of age), from highland and lowland regions of the Nepalese Himalayas using established anthropometric methods, and relative hand proportions were assessed in relation to severe energetic stress associated with life at high altitude. Relative to height, hand length and hand width were not reduced with altitude stress, whilst ulna length was. This indicates that cold adaptation is not shaping hand proportions in this case, although phenotypic variation in other limb segments may be attributed to cold adaptation or a thrifty phenotype mechanism. The current study provides empirical evidence to support the link between surface area-to-volume ratio, thermodynamic principles and ecogeographical patterns in human hand morphology. However, this research also demonstrates the complexity of the hand's role in thermoregulation; not only do other factors such as muscularity affect heat loss from the hand, but hand morphology is also highly constrained by integration and dexterity.

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Bolster, Douglas R. "The effects of precooling on thermoregulation during subsequent exercise in the heat." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041903.

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The purpose of this study was to lower body core temperature prior to a simulated portion of a triathlon (swim-15min; bike-45min) and examine whether precooling could attenuate thermal strain and increase subjective exercise tolerance in the heat. Six endurance trained triathletes (mean ± SE, 28 ± 2 yr, 8.2 ± 1.7 % body fat) completed two randomly-assigned trials, one week apart. The precooling trial (PC) involved lowering body core temperature (-0.5°C) in water prior to swimming and cycling. The control trial (CON) was identical except no precooling was performed. Water temperature and environmental conditions were maintained at -25.6°C and -26.6°C/60% RH respectively, throughout all testing. Mean time to precool was 31:37 ± 8:03 and average time to reach baseline temperature during cycling was 9:35 ± 7:60. Oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal sensation (TS), and skin (Tsk) and core (Ta) temperatures were recorded following the swim segment and throughout cycling. No significant differences in mean body (TO or Tsk were noted between PC and CON, but a significant difference (P<0.05) in T, between treatments was noted through the early phases of cycling. No significant differences were reported in HR, V02, RPE, TS or sweat rate (SR) between treatments. Body heat storage (S) was negative following swimming in both PC (92 ± 6 W/m2) and CON (66 ± 9 W/m2). A greater increase in S occurred in PC (109 ± 6 W/m2) vs. CON (79 ±4 W/m2) during cycling (P<0.05) . Precooling attenuated the rise in T,, but this effect was transient. Based on the results from this study, precooling is not recommended prior to endurance exercise in the heat.
School of Physical Education

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Amoros, Claire. "Influences de la charge thermique et de l'etat de vigilance sur la reponse sudorale a des stimulations thermiques locales." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13062.

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El, Kadri Mohamad. "Modèle thermo-neurophysiologique du corps humain pour l'étude du confort thermique en conditions climatiques hétérogènes et instationnaires." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS006.

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Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous avons développé un nouveau modèle de thermorégulation du corps humain basé sur la neurophysiologie et nommé Neuro Human Thermal Model (NHTM). Il est dédié à prédire les variables physiologiques dans des environnements instationnaires et hétérogènes. De plus, ce modèle est couplé au modèle de confort thermique de Zhang pour prédire la sensation et le niveau de confort thermique des occupants dans les espaces intérieurs. Le système passif du modèle NHTM est basé sur celui du modèle de Wissler. Ce système est couplé à un système actif basé sur les signaux des thermorécepteurs. Le système passif consiste en 21 cylindres représentants les segments du corps humain. Chaque élément est divisé en 21 couches dont 15 pour les tissus et 6 pour les vêtements. Puis, chaque couche est divisée en 12 secteurs angulaires. Le modèle NHTM calcule la production de chaleur par le métabolisme, le transfert de chaleur par conduction entre les tissus et les échanges de chaleur par convection et rayonnement entre le corps et l’environnement. Le système actif calcule les mécanismes physiologiques grâce aux signaux des thermorécepteurs cutanés et centraux. Ces signaux sont calculés par le modèle de Mekjavic et Morrisson qui ont développé également le modèle de frissonnement utilisé dans le modèle NHTM. Le débit sanguin cutané est calculé par le modèle de Kingma. Par manque de données expérimentales, le modèle de sudation est basé sur l’approche du signal d’erreur des températures cutanée et centrale. Une comparaison a été effectuée entre le modèle de sudation de Wissler et celui de Fiala et al. Au vu des résultats obtenus, ce dernier a été retenu. Le modèle NHTM est en capacité de pouvoir simuler plusieurs types de populations. Pour ce faire, une analyse de sensibilité a été effectuée, grâce à la méthode de Morris, sur les paramètres des systèmes passif et actif pour déterminer les paramètres les plus influents. Ensuite, afin d’optimiser le modèle NHTM, un algorithme génétique a été utilisé pour déterminer le vecteur des paramètres qui correspond à la population des expérimentations de Munir et al. Les résultats ainsi obtenus ont été comparés aux modèles développés par différents auteurs et ont montré que le modèle NHTM est le plus performant dans la très grande majorité des cas. Le modèle NHTM a été couplé au modèle de Zhang pour pouvoir calculer la sensation et le confort thermique. Le modèle de Zhang a été choisi pour sa capacité à calculer les sensations et les niveaux de confort thermique locaux qui correspondent aux segments du corps humain dans des environnements hétérogènes. Il est aussi capable de calculer ces réponses lors des transitions thermiques. Ce modèle effectue le calcul grâce aux sorties du modèle NHTM à savoir les températures cutanées et de l’œsophage
In this thesis, we have developed a new thermoregulation model of the human body based on neurophysiology called Neuro Human Thermal Model (NHTM). It is dedicated to predict physiological variables in asymmetric transient environments. In addition, it is coupled with Zhang’s thermal comfort model to predict the sensation and the thermal comfort of the occupants in indoor spaces.The passive system of the NHTM model is based on that of the Wissler model. This passive system is coupled to an active system based on the signals of thermoreceptors. The passive system is segmented into 21 cylinders which represent the segments of the human body. Each element is divided into 21 layers, in which 15 for tissues and 6 for clothing. Then, each layer is divided into 12 angular sectors. The NHTM model simulates the heat production by metabolism, heat transfer by conduction within the tissues and heat exchange by convection and radiation between the body and the surrounding. The active system simulates physiological mechanisms thanks to signals of central and peripheral thermoreceptors. These signals are calculated by the model of Mekjavic and Morrisson who also developed the shivering model. The skin blood flow is calculated by the Kingma model. We could not develop a sweating model based on the signals of thermoreceptors since experimental data are not available. A comparison was made between the sweating model of Wissler and that of Fiala et al. and the last one was chosen.The NHTM model is able to simulate several types of population. This was done by a sensitivity analysis carried out, using the Morris method, on the parameters of the passive and active systems to find the most influential parameters. Then, an optimization of the NHTM model was done to determine the vector of the parameters which corresponds to the subjects of the experiments of Munir et al. using a genetic algorithm. The obtained results were compared to the models developed by several authors and showed that the NHTM model is the most efficient in most cases.The NHTM model has been coupled to the Zhang model to assess the sensation and thermal comfort. Zhang's model was chosen for its ability to assess local sensations and thermal comfort levels in non-uniform transient environments. Zhang’s model performs the calculation using the NHTM model outputs, namely the skin and esophagus temperatures

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Stone, Graham N. "Endothermy and thermoregulation in solitary bees." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d1e6747a-afdc-4d85-8ff8-2b0c4078cc60.

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This thesis examines the roles of endothermy and body size in the thermal biology of solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) within the species Anthophora plumipes (Anthophoridae) Amegilla sapiens (Anthophoridae) and Creightonellafrontalis (Megachilidae), within the genus Anthophora, and over the Apoidea as a whole. The effects of body size, climate and sexual interactions on the biology of Anthophora plumipes were investigated in Oxford between 1987 and 1989. Both ambient temperature and body size had a significant effect on females' ability to forage, what time they initiated foraging in the morning, and the type and mass of provisions collected. The behaviour of males was also strongly dependent on ambient temperature, which affected not only when they emerged from their nest tunnels, but also how long they spent basking, when and where they fed, and whether they showed courtship behaviour. The activity patterns and behaviour of male and female A. plumipes over time were shown to correlate with a complex array of factors. Activity patterns of females depended on the quality of floral resources available at foraging sites, body mass, ambient temperature, the position of the female in her nest-provisioning cycle, and levels of male interference at foraging sites. Male behaviour not only depended on body size and ambient temperature, but also on which other bees (particularly male and female conspecifics) were encountered while patrolling food sources and at the nest site. Endothermy in bees is much more widespread than previously thought, and warm-up before flight was present to some degree in all the species examined. Levels of thermoregulation achieved, however, varied considerably between species. Warm-up rates in bees, and thoracic temperatures in free and tethered flight, are shown to depend on ambient temperature and body mass within a species (for temperate and tropical examples), across members of the genus Anthophora and across the Apoidea as a whole. The persistence of these relationships over a range of comparative levels suggests that they are of fundamental importance. The form of these relationships differs between families in the Apoidea, and significant patterns only emerge when a comparative technique controlling for phylogeny is applied. Furthermore, body temperatures may also depend, in at least some cases, on sex and there may be differences within a group of related species between provisioning and parasitic forms. The interaction of all these factors is complex, and the predictive value of a variable such as body mass does not always emerge unless sophisticated techniques are used to control for other variables. The errors associated with two common methods in the measurement of insect body temperatures have often been loosely discussed but rarely quantified. This thesis examines (a) the magnitude and possible effects of errors in 'grab-and-stab' measurement of body temperature, and (b) the errors in measurement of body temperature using fixed sensors linked by thermally conducting leads to measuring devices. In neither case do the demonstrated errors preclude use of the technique, but care with interpretation is required. In both cases, measurement of thoracic temperature in small bees involves the largest errors, and this is the most serious obstacle to comparisons of endothermic and thermoregulatory abilities over the full range of body sizes found in the Apoidea.

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Fougères, Erin M. "Thermoregulation in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-1/r3/fougerese/erinfougeres.pdf.

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Claessens-van, Ooijen Anne Marie Japke. "Human thermoregulation individual differences in cold induced thermogenesis /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=12772.

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O'Connor, Candace Sharon. "Thermoregulation in Mice under the Influence of Ethanol." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1181.

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Thermoregulation after acute ethanol, during chronic exposure and during withdrawal from ethanol dependency was studied using genetically heterogeneous (HS) mice, and lines of mice selected in replicate for smaller (HOT1, HOT2) or greater (COLD1, COLD2) decline in rectal temperature (Tre ) after intraperitoneal ethanol. First, HS mice were injected with 20% ethanol in 0.9% NaCI, or NaCI alone during sessions of behavioral thermoregulation in individual temperature gradients (9-38°C). Internal temperature (Tj ) was monitored with implanted telemetry devices. An imaging system recorded selected temperature (Tsel ) within the gradient every 5 sec. Acute 2.25 and 2.60 g ethanol/kg produced significantly lower Tj than NaCI. 2.60 g/kg also produced significantly lower Tsel than 2.25 g/kg or NaCI. 2.75 g/kg and above incapacitated mice. Comparison of responses using a thermoregulatory index indicated 2.25 or 2.60 g/kg decreased the regulated temperature. Similar methodology was followed using the selected lines and 10% ethanol (2.0, 2.25, 2.65 g/kg to COLD mice; 2.65, 2.85 g/kg to HOT mice; 3.0 g/kg to HOT2 mice) or NaCI. All responded similarly to NaCl, with transient rise in Tj After an effective ethanol dose mice manifested a regulated decrease in Tj by lowering Tsel concomitant with falling Tj . In both replicate pairs COLD mice were more sensitive than HOT, indicating that a true difference in the CNS regulator of body temperature was selected for in these animals. Photoperiod effect was characterized by quantifying thermoregulatory behavior of COLD2 mice after acute 2.60 g 7.5% ethanol/kg or NaCl, at 0400 , 0800 , 1200, 1600 , 2000 and 2400 hours , using above methodology. Baseline T₁ was significantly lower during hours of light, than during darkness. Photoperiod had little effect on thermoregulatory response to ethanol, possibly because of arousal associated with experiments. Thermoregulatory tolerance to ethanol was investigated using HS mice implanted with telemetry devices and monitored in the gradient on days 1, 2, 4, 7 and 11 of 11 consecutive days of 10% ethanol (2.75 g/kg) or NaCl injections. Dispositional, rapid and chronic tolerance developed, indicating that functional tolerance is a regulated phenomenon in mice. In a separate experiment HS mice were implanted with telemetry devices and injected with ethanol for 11 consecutive days at constant temperature; dispositional but not functional tolerance developed. To characterize thermoregulation during withdrawal, HS mice were made dependent upon ethanol using a vapor chamber; T; Tsel and activity were monitored in the gradient until 26 hours post withdrawal. Withdrawing mice showed unaltered regulated temperature, but lower Tsel than controls. This suggested increased metabolic heat production. Thermoregulation during withdrawal was similarly studied using the selected mouse lines. COLD mice responded like HS mice. Withdrawing HOT1 mice were more active than controls; withdrawing HOT2 mice showed lowest Tsel of any genotype but maintained Ti above controls. These results suggest a more severe withdrawal reaction in HOT, than in COLD mice. To investigate a possible mechanism underlying ethanol hypothermia, responses of HOT and COLD mice to intracerebroventricular serotonin were characterized. Dose-dependent decreases in Tre were measured in mice equipped with indwelling brain cannulae and held at constant temperature after injection of 0.3, 0.8, 2.0, 5.0 or 11.0 μg serotonin into the lateral brain ventricle. COLD mice were significantly more sensitive than HOT mice. Subsequently HOT1 and COLD1 mice were equipped with brain cannulae and implanted telemetry devices; thermoregulatory behavior after 11.0 μg serotonin was monitored. Both genotypes lowered Tj significantly more in the gradient than did similar mice at constant ambient temperature, indicating that decline in Tj after serotonin was a regulated phenomenon. The serotonergic system was altered during selection for differential Tre response to ethanol, indicating a role for serotonin in mediating ethanol hypothermia.

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Books on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

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Human selective brain cooling. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Matrichnoe teplovidenie v fiziologii: Issledovanie sosudistykh reakt︠s︡iĭ, perspirat︠s︡iĭ i termoreguli︠a︡t︠s︡ii u cheloveka = FPA-based infrared thermography in physiology : investigation of vascular response, perspiration, and thermoregulation in humans. Novosibirsk: Izdatelʹstvo Sibirskogo otdelenii︠a︡ Rossiĭskoĭ akademii nauk, 2004.

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TePas, Kathryn E. Thermoregulation in newborns. Edited by Raff Beverly S, Albers Lolita, and March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation. White Plains, N.Y: March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 1988.

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International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation (7th 1988 Odense, Denmark). Thermoregulation: Research and clinical applications. Edited by Lomax Peter 1928- and Schönbaum E. Basel: Karger, 1989.

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International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation (10th 1996 Memphis, Tenn.). Thermoregulation: Tenth International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1997.

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1928-, Lomax Peter, and Schönbaum E, eds. Thermoregulation: The pathophysiological basis of clinical disorders. Basel: Karger, 1992.

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M, Blatteis Clark, ed. Thermoregulation: Recent progress and new frontiers. New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences, 1997.

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Seidlitz, Lauri. Human body. New York, NY: Weigl Publishers, 2008.

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Human Body. London: Scholastic, 2014.

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Books, Time-Life, ed. Human body. Alexandria, Va: Time-Life, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

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Grodzinsky, Ewa, and Märta Sund Levander. "Thermoregulation of the Human Body." In Understanding Fever and Body Temperature, 49–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21886-7_5.

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Flouris, Andreas D. "Human Thermoregulation." In Heat Stress in Sport and Exercise, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93515-7_1.

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Cooper, K. E. "Basic Thermoregulation." In Comprehensive Human Physiology, 2199–206. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60946-6_111.

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Tyler, Christopher J. "Basics of human thermoregulation." In Maximising Performance in Hot Environments, 6–32. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351111553-2.

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Parsons, Ken. "Human Thermoregulation in the Cold." In Human Cold Stress, 13–20. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003092391-3.

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Marino, Frank E. "The Evolutionary Basis of Thermoregulation and Exercise Performance." In Thermoregulation and Human Performance, 1–13. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151545.

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Marino, Frank E. "Comparative Thermoregulation and the Quest for Athletic Supremacy." In Thermoregulation and Human Performance, 14–25. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151547.

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Tucker, Ross. "Thermoregulation, Fatigue and Exercise Modality." In Thermoregulation and Human Performance, 26–38. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151548.

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Cheung, Stephen S. "Neuromuscular Response to Exercise Heat Stress." In Thermoregulation and Human Performance, 39–60. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151549.

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Lambert, G. Patrick. "Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, Endotoxemia, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: The ‘Canary in the Coal Mine’ during Exercise-Heat Stress?" In Thermoregulation and Human Performance, 61–73. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151550.

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Conference papers on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

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Das, Shashikant, Krishan Upadhyay, Sudhakar Subudhi, and Rajasekar Elangovan. "Study of physiological thermoregulation of human body at extreme thermal condition." In Proceedings of the 25th National and 3rd International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (IHMTC-2019). Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihmtc-2019.1560.

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Gharbi, Adnene, Mourad El khabbaz, Stephan Heuer, Wilhelm Stork, and Klaus Dieter Mueller-Glaser. "A Computer Model of Human Thermoregulation Extended with an Active Body Climate Control System." In Biomedical Engineering. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2011.723-089.

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Gharbi, Adnene, Mourad El khabbaz, Stephan Heuer, Wilhelm Stork, and Klaus Dieter Mueller-Glaser. "A COMPUTER MODEL OF HUMAN THERMOREGULATION EXTENDED WITH AN ACTIVE BODY CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM." In Biomedical Engineering. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.723-089.

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Hensley, Daniel W., Andrew E. Mark, Eugene H. Wissler, and Kenneth R. Diller. "Quantitative Analysis of Glabrous Skin Blood Flow and its Role in Human Thermoregulation." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80854.

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Glabrous (hairless) skin found on the hands, feet, face, and ears is a unique component of the thermoregulatory system. Its anatomy and control physiology differ markedly from those of the rest of the skin. Glabrous regions contain vascular networks capable of supporting large blood flows due to the presence of highly tortuous and densely packed arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) and associated venous collecting networks [1]. When dilated, these vessels bring large volumes of blood close to the body surface where they function as highly efficient heat exchangers. Furthermore, the manner in which this blood flow is controlled is very unique, exhibiting, for example, rapid and high-magnitude responses, as well as a greater sensitivity to central core signals [1]. In this light, glabrous skin is an important but often overlooked tool the body uses to rapidly and finely adjust energy balance to maintain thermal equilibrium.

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Bouzida, Nabila, Abdelhakim Bendada, and Xavier P. Maldague. "Observation of the human body thermoregulation and extraction of its vein signature using NIR and MWIR imaging." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Brian M. Cullum and D. Marshall Porterfield. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.818285.

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Matjushev, Timofey V., Nikolay N. Khabarovsky, Edward A. Kurmazenko, and Ivan V. Dokunin. "Simulation Model of the Human Body Thermoregulation System and Its Applications for Design of Air/Space Autonomous Life Support Systems." In Digital Human Modeling For Design And Engineering Conference And Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-2097.

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Vesnovsky, Oleg, L. D. Timmie Topoleski, Laurence W. Grossman, Jon P. Casamento, and Liang Zhu. "Evaluation of Temperature Transients at Various Body Temperature Measuring Sites Using a Fast Response Thermistor Bead Sensor." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14065.

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Body temperature monitoring of humans has been an important tool for helping clinicians diagnose infections, detect fever, monitor thermoregulation functions during surgical procedures, and assess post-surgery recovery.1–3 Fever itself is typically not considered a disease. It is a response of the body to a disease, which is often inflammatory in nature. Elevation of the set point at the body temperature control center, the brain hypothalamus, is caused by circulating pyrogens produced by the immune system responding to diseases. Since the brain hypothalamus is not easily accessed by thermometers, other body locations have been identified as alternative measuring sites. Those sites include the pulmonary artery, rectum, bladder, distal esophagus and nasopharynx, sublingual surface of the tongue, under the armpit, tympanic membrane, and forehead.

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Amare, Rohan, Amir A. Bahadori, and Steven Eckels. "Modeling Heat Regulation With a Structured Mesh, Finite Volume Approach in a Voxelized Domain." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88036.

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Modeling human thermal behavior is important for applications involving medical device design, non-ionizing radiation dosimetry, and human comfort. Most thermal models use the finite element method (FEM) to represent the complicated domain structure. With the FEM, challenges in mesh and equation derivation limit rapid implementation. Finite difference (FDM) and finite volume (FVM) methods are alternatives to the FEM but have their own limitations. The FDM faces challenges in discontinuous domains at the boundaries. The FVM provides a possible solution to problems faced with FDM and FEM use. In a computational human phantom generated from medical imaging data, the finite volume structure is readily available in the form of two-dimensional pixels and three-dimensional voxels. However, geometric characteristics of rectangular prisms prevent acceptable surface-area convergence for curved surfaces, introducing an error that substantially impacts boundaries between regions such as a convection interface. The present work focuses on developing surface-area corrections for a domain generated from computed tomography scans. These geometric corrections are coupled with an FVM heat-transfer solution on a structured mesh. Solutions are demonstrated for thermoregulation in a domain similar to a section of the human forearm. The ultimate goal of this work is to evaluate human body temperature distributions under the influence of external stimuli and internal heat generation.

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Gurupatham, Sathish K., Priyanka Velumani, and Revathy Vaidhya. "Calculation of Convective and Radiative Heat Transfer Coefficient Using Thermography During a Physical Exercise." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23120.

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Abstract A detailed model of human thermoregulation and a numerical algorithm to predict thermal comfort is a novel field of research and has wide applications in the auto/transportation industry and in the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) industry. Anatomically specific convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients for the human body will be required to understand the human thermal physiological and comfort models. It necessitates to create hygienic and thermally comfortable spaces for the best productivity of the users. The physiological nature of thermal comfort during a transient condition such as a physical exercise or travel in an automobile are not yet well understood. In this paper, thermography has been applied to measure the convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients which has not been done before. Three different recovery processes were considered after the running of a human model on a treadmill with a range of speeds starting from 2 miles/hour to 10 miles/hour for stretch of twenty minutes. The recovery process included, (a) fan-assisted cooling with an air velocity of 0.5 m/s for 30 minutes, (b) fan-assisted cooling with an air velocity of 1.5 m/s for 30 minutes, and (c) natural cooling with no assistance of fan for 30 minutes. Thermal images were taken for forehead, trunk, arms, hands, legs of the models and the convective heat transfer coefficient and radiative heat transfer coefficient were calculated. The human models included both male and female, and belonged to two different age groups of less than 15 and above 40 with a total of 24 participants. The results show that though the temperatures, measured using thermography, for various parts of the human body changed locally, the overall calculated radiative heat transfer coefficients matched with the ASHRAE handbook values, and the calculated convective heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of air velocity, while the models cooled down after the workout. Interestingly, the skin temperature decreased, initially, as the exercise progressed. After the completion of exercise, the skin temperature exhibited a quick rise during the recovery period with a subsequent decrease in the temperature, later. This trend was the same with all different age groups and sex of the models. The results also confirm that thermal images can be relied on for calculating the convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients of the human body to determine the heat transfer rate.

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Saw, Wee-Hee, Sam Thornton, and Satish S. Nair. "Overall Uncertainties of Human Thermoregulation Studies." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2541.

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Reports on the topic "Thermoregulation of the human body"

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Stachenfeld, Nina. Hormonal Contraception, Body Water Balance and Thermoregulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410450.

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Stachenfeld, Nina. Hormonal Contraception, Body Water Balance and Thermoregulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391575.

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Wray, W. O., and T. Aida. Deformable human body model development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/672307.

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Cottle, Frederick S., Pamela V. Ulrich, and Karla P. Simmons. Human Body Form: What Does It Mean? Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-450.

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Flanders, Benjamin J. An Alternative Representation of a Simulated Human Body. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591351.

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Matsumoto, David, Hyisung C. Hwang, Adam M. Fullenkamp, and C. M. Laurent. Human Deception Detection from Whole Body Motion Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626755.

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Park, Jinhee, and Yun-Ja Nam. Development of Bodice Basic Pattern Algorithm Using 3D Human Body Shape Body Surface Pattern Flattening. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1710.

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MacLeod, Tynan, Timothy P. Rioux, Miyo Yokota, Peng Li, Brian D. Corner, and Xiaojiang Xu. Individualized Human CAD Models: Anthropmetric Morphing and Body Tissue Layering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609587.

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Dogaru, Traian, and Calvin Le. Validation of Xpatch Computer Models for Human Body Radar Signature. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada478870.

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Kirose, Getachew. Animating a Human Body Mesh with Maya for Doppler Signature Computer Modeling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada500578.

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