Journal articles: 'Thermoplastic composite armors reinforced'

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Bandaru, Aswani Kumar, Vikrant V. Chavan, Suhail Ahmad, R. Alagirusamy, and Naresh Bhatnagar. "Ballistic impact response of Kevlar® reinforced thermoplastic composite armors." International Journal of Impact Engineering 89 (March 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.10.014.

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Bandaru, Aswani Kumar, Suhail Ahmad, and Naresh Bhatnagar. "Ballistic performance of hybrid thermoplastic composite armors reinforced with Kevlar and basalt fabrics." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 97 (June 2017): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.12.007.

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Mayer, P., D. Pyka, K. Jamroziak, J. Pach, and M. Bocian. "Experimental and Numerical Studies on Ballistic Laminates on the Polyethylene and Polypropylene Matrix." Journal of Mechanics 35, no. 02 (November 15, 2017): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2017.103.

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ABSTRACTThe paper analyzes the issues relating to the applicability of innovative material systems for flexible composite armors. The authors made several samplings of aramid fibers (Kevlar 49) by replacing the epoxy resin base, which is often described in the literature, with the thermoplastic matrix - polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP). The samples were fired with .38 Special Full Metal Jacketed (FMJ) ammunition produced by the S&B Company, and then the process of firing was modeled in the ABAQUS program. The advantages and disadvantages of the new material system including the possibility of its use in the construction of hybrid composite armors have been presented on the basis of the results of numerical analyses and ballistic tests.

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Ayvaz, Mehmet, and Hakan Cetinel. "Ballistic performance of powder metal Al5Cu-B4C composite as monolithic and laminated armor." Materials Testing 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0084.

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Abstract In this study, ballistic performances of x wt.-% B4C (x = 5, 10, and 20) reinforced Al5Cu matrix composite samples were investigated as a monolithic and laminated composite armor component. Composite armor plates were produced by the powder metallurgy method. The prepared powders were pressed under 400 MPa pressing pressure. Green compacts were pre-sintered at 400 °C for 30 minutes in order to blow the lubricant. Subsequently, liquid phase sintering was performed at 610 °C for 210 minutes. In ballistic tests, 7.62 mm caliber armor-piercing bullets were used as the ballistic threat. In the ballistic tests of monolithic armors, only 10 mm thick powder metal composite plates were tested. In the ballistic tests of laminated composite armors, these powdered metal plates were layered with 10 mm thick alumina ceramic plate front layers and 10 mm thick AA5083 plates. Although all of the monolithic powder metal composite armors were penetrated, they showed multi-hit capability. All of the laminated composite armors provided full ballistic protection. It was determined that with the increase in B4C reinforcement rate, the ballistic resistance also increased due to the improvement in strength, hardness, and abrasive feature.

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Kling, Veronika, Sohel Rana, and Raul Fangueiro. "Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Rods." Materials Science Forum 730-732 (November 2012): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.730-732.331.

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The present investigation is concerned with the development of fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite rods using braiding process. An innovative technique has been developed to produce composite rods with outer braided layer of polyester fibres and axially reinforced with high performance glass fibres. Polypropylene filaments which were introduced in to the core along with the glass fibres during the braiding process formed the thermoplastic matrix upon melting. A special mould has been designed for uniform application of heat and pressure during the consolidation of the composite rods as well as for the alignment of core fibres. The cross-section of composite rods was characterized with help of optical microscopy in order to see the distribution of core fibres and matrix. The effect of amount of glass fibres on the mechanical properties (tensile and flexural) of composite rods has been investigated and discussed.

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Vasquez, Jasmin Z., and Leslie Joy L. Diaz. "Unidirectional Abaca Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch Composite." Materials Science Forum 894 (March 2017): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.894.56.

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Unidirectional abaca fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch composite was prepared via compression molding by varying the fiber volume fraction, compression pressure and fiber treatment. Factorial analysis at 95% confidence level has shown that changing fiber volume from 5% to 10% has a significant effect on the tensile strength of the composite. A treatment-pressure interaction was also found to have significant effect on the tensile strength of the composite. Result of tensile test showed that composite fabricated using 6.89 MPa (1000 psi) compression pressure, 10% fiber volume, and treated fibers exhibited the highest tensile strength of 19.73MPa while composite fabricated using 6.89 MPa (1000 psi) compression pressure, 10% fiber volume and untreated fibers exhibited only a tensile strength of 12.30 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the transverse cross section has shown that alkali treatment was able to improve the interfacial bond between the fibers and the thermoplastic starch matrix resulting to an increase in strength of the composite fabricated at 6.89 MPa (1000 psi). However, using a compression pressure of 13.79 MPa (2000 psi) during fabrication induced damage, i.e. internal cracking, on the alkali treated fibers, thereby reducing the strength of the composite.

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Azrin Hani Abdul, Rashid, Ahmad Roslan, Mariatti Jaafar, Mohd Nazrul Roslan, and Saparudin Ariffin. "Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Woven Coir and Kevlar Reinforced Epoxy Composites." Advanced Materials Research 277 (July 2011): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.277.36.

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The utilization of coconut fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites has been increase significantly due to their low cost and high specification of mechanical properties. Whereas kevlar fibers has widely used as the core material in flexible body armors due to its great mechanical properties, such as high strength, light weight, good chemical resistance and thermal stability. The research work is concerned with the evaluation of high speed impact and flexural test of hybrid textile reinforced epoxy composites. Samples were prepared from coir yarn, kevlar yarn, interlaced of coir and kevlar yarn with different warp/weft orientation and pure epoxy as control specimen. The woven samples were produced using handloom and the composites specimens were prepared using hand lay-up technique. From the results obtained, it was found that woven kevlar composites samples displayed the highest impact properties while it exhibits the lowest flexural properties. Results also showed that the composite plate for woven coir yarn (warp) and kevlar yarn (weft) has the flexural strength and impact strength of 17 MPa and 67 kJ/m², which presented as the nearest properties to woven Kevlar composite respectively. These results indicate that coir as a natural fiber can be used as a potential reinforcing material for high impact resistance such as body armors in order to reduce the usage of synthetic materials whilst utilizing the natural resources.

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Ostgathe, M., C. Mayer, and M. Neitzel. "Continuous Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Composite Sheets." Engineering Plastics 4, no. 7 (January 1996): 147823919600400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919600400705.

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For high speed press forming of fibre reinforced thermoplastic sheet materials, a high impregnation quality is advantageous for utilisation of the potential regarding mechanical properties. Hence, the impregnation process is crucial to material properties and economy. In this paper the influence of process parameters on mechanical properties is investigated using an isobaric double belt press technique. Relevant process parameters are defined and varied using the Taguchi technique. Evaluating impregnation quality with 3-point bending tests and micrographs, the influence and meaning of process parameters is specified. Process parameters are optimised regarding flexural stress and strength, and a process window for a fabric reinforced polyamide PA 12 is defined.

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Ostgathe, M., C. Mayer, and M. Neitzel. "Continuous Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Composite Sheets." Polymers and Polymer Composites 4, no. 7 (October 1996): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119600400705.

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For high speed press forming of fibre reinforced thermoplastic sheet materials, a high impregnation quality is advantageous for utilisation of the potential regarding mechanical properties. Hence, the impregnation process is crucial to material properties and economy. In this paper the influence of process parameters on mechanical properties is investigated using an isobaric double belt press technique. Relevant process parameters are defined and varied using the Taguchi technique. Evaluating impregnation quality with 3-point bending tests and micrographs, the influence and meaning of process parameters is specified. Process parameters are optimised regarding flexural stress and strength, and a process window for a fabric reinforced polyamide PA 12 is defined.

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de Miranda, L. F., L. H. Silveira, Leonardo Gondim Andrade e Silva, and Antônio Hortêncio Munhoz Jr. "Irradiation of a Polypropilene-Glass Fiber Composite." Advances in Science and Technology 71 (October 2010): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.71.138.

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The use of composite materials, mainly reinforced thermoplastic has increased on the polymer industry, mainly the polypropylene resins (PP) reinforced by glass fibers (GF). The ionizing radiation can promote alterations in the polymeric chains by scission and crosslinking reactions. The objective of this work is to study the effect of the ionizing radiation in the properties of the polypropylene long fiber glass reinforced thermoplastic. Pellets with 1,3 cm of length, contend 15wt% of the unidirectional long glass fiber were obtained by extrusion and, subsequently, the samples were molded by injection, irradiated and submitted to thermal and mechanical tests. The mechanical (tensile and impact) properties and thermal (HDT and Vicat softening temperature) of irradiated and non irradiated reinforced thermoplastic were determined. The doses of the irradiation of the samples were 30, 50 and 100 kGy in a source of 60Co. The results showed a reduction in the thermal and mechanical performances indicating a degradation of the polymeric matrix.

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Iwasa, Masahiko, and Manabu Nomura. "Injection Molded Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite." Seikei-Kakou 5, no. 7 (1993): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.5.454.

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Quadrini, Fabrizio, Claudia Prosperi, and Loredana Santo. "Rubber-Toughened Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 2, no. 4 (October 2012): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2012100104.

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A rubber-toughened thermoplastic composite was produced by alternating long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene prepregs and rubber particles. Several composite laminates were obtained by changing the number of plies, the rubber powder size distribution, and the stacking sequence. Quasi-static mechanical tests (tensile and flexure) and time dependent tests (dynamic mechanical analysis and cyclic flexure) were carried out to evaluate strength and damping properties. As expected, 10 wt% rubber-filled laminates showed lower strengths than rubber-free laminates but the effect of the rubber on the composite damping properties was evident. At low rates, the rubber particles can also double the dissipated energy under cyclic loading, even if this effect disappears by increasing the test rate.

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Lu, Panfang, Min Zhang, Yong Liu, Jiuling Li, and Ming Xin. "Characteristics of vermiculite-reinforced thermoplastic starch composite films." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 126, S1 (March 15, 2012): E116—E122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36342.

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de Castro Monsores, Karollyne Gomes, Ricardo Pondé Weber, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Influence of Degradation on the Ballistic Behavior of Aramid Fabric Reinforced Polymeric Armor Composites." Materials Science Forum 1012 (October 2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1012.43.

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Polymeric fibers are used for reinforcement of composites in all kinds of applications, from sport and recreation products to military equipment. Since these fibers have high energy absorption on ballistic impact, the defense industry uses them to manufacture lightweight armor. In many cases, armors are exposed to degradation agents such as heat, humidity, and radiation. The macromolecular changes of polymer fibers exposed to degradation agents can affect the mechanical and ballistic properties of the composite. The present work studies the ballistic performance of aromatic polyamide (aramid) fabric-reinforced composite using two different matrices, degraded by gamma radiation. The results suggest that gamma radiation can change the penetration failure mechanism of the composite in a variety of ways depending on the matrix, compromising its performance.

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Kim, Jin Woo, and Dong Gi Lee. "Effect of Fiber Content and Fiber Orientation on the Tensile Strength in Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.337.

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The study for strength calculation of one way fiber-reinforced composites and the study measuring precisely fiber orientation distribution were presented. Need the systematic study for the DB that can predict mechanical properties of composite material and fiber orientation distribution by the fiber content ratio was not constructed. Therefore, this study investigated what affect the fiber content ratio and fiber orientation distribution have on the strength of composite sheet after making Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet by changing fiber orientation distribution with the fiber content ratio. The result of this study will become a guide to design data of the most suitable parts design or fiber reinforced polymeric composite sheet that uses the Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet in industry part, because it was conducted in terms of developing products. It studied the effect the fiber orientation distribution has on tensile strength of Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet and achieved this result below. The increasing range of the value of Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet’s tensile strength in the fiber orientation direction is getting wider as the fiber content increases.

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Lin, Kunyang, Xiaofei Ma, Zhen Cui, Youwei Kang, Pengfei Huang, Huanxiao Li, Di Wu, Guanlong Su, and Xiaoyong Tian. "Electrical Property of 3D Printed Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Mesh Reflecting Surfaces." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2022 (October 11, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5424839.

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Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites have been widely used in modern aerospace and other high-end manufacturing fields because of their light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance properties. Due to the reinforcement of carbon fiber strands, continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites have good conductivity which makes it a potential material for the preparation of space-borne antennas reflecting surfaces. The reflecting surfaces of common mesh antennas are usually prepared by gold-plated molybdenum wire which is expensive and hard to produce. In this study, the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites mesh reflecting surfaces are prepared by 3D printing technology. The effect of different mesh shape and mesh size on the electrical properties are investigated systematically. The electrical property of the reflecting surface were tested by waveguide method at the S band with the frequency of 1.9 ~ 2.3GHz. The results show that the reflection loss of the 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite mesh reflecting surfaces are lower than 0.25 dB, which can well meet the requirement of space-borne antennas in the S waveband. The reflection loss of the 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite mesh reflecting surfaces increases with the increase of mesh size accordingly for both the quadrangular and the triangular mesh reflecting surface. The reflecting property of the mesh reflecting surface tends to be better with a higher surface mass density. The results foresee that the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites can be used to develop the reflector of large mesh antenna in the future work.

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Chen, Zhiyong, Yingqiang Xu, Miaoling Li, Bin Li, Weizhi Song, Li Xiao, Yulong Cheng, and Songyan Jia. "Investigation on Residual Strength and Failure Mechanism of the Ceramic/UHMWPE Armors after Ballistic Tests." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 25, 2022): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030901.

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In this paper, the ballistic damage mechanism and residual bearing capacity of ceramic/backing plate armor were investigated. First, a series of lightweight armors were prepared, consisting of ceramic and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber-reinforced resin matrix composite (UHMWPE) plates, and were wrapped in a high-strength fabric. Then, the ceramic/UHMWPE armors were hit by one or two bullets, and finally subjected to compression testing. The results showed that the main failure mode of integral ceramic/UHMWPE armors was ceramic brittle fracture. Many zigzag patterns on the compression curve indicated that the specimens had undergone the stages of crack propagation, ceramic fragment reorganization, plastic deformation of UHMWPE backing plate, interlaminar tearing, and overall fracture. The failure of spliced ceramic/UHMWPE armors was mainly due to the dislocation between ceramic sheets; the smooth compression curves indicated that there was no recombination of ceramic fragments and obvious interlayer debonding during the compression. Under the maximum load, each ceramic/UHMWPE armor with ballistic damage did not suddenly break and fail. The structure and thickness of ceramic plates all had an impact on residual strength: under the same structure, the greater the thickness, the greater the residual strength, but the relationship between them was not linear; under the same thickness, the residual strength of the spliced ceramic/UHMWPE armor was higher. The residual strength was also related to the number of shots: after two bullets hit, its value was only one-third of that after one bullet hit.

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Xiaoyin, Wang, Liu Xiandong, Shan Yingchun, Wan Xiaofei, Liu Wanghao, and Pan Yue. "Lightweight design of automotive wheel made of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 10 (May 21, 2015): 1634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215583081.

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Aiming to the lightweight design of the long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic (LGFT) composite wheel, this paper constructs the design process and the strength analysis method of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic wheel. First, the multi-objective topology optimization under multiple design spaces and multiple loading cases is conducted to obtain the robust structure, where the complicated ribs generated in design spaces are quite distinct from conventional steel or aluminum alloy wheel. The effects of weighting factors of two objectives and three loading cases on the topological results are discussed. And the long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic wheel including the aluminum alloy insert is also designed in detail based on the concept structure and molding process. The novel metallic insert molded-in is another typical feature of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic wheel. Capturing the material anisotropy, the strength performances of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic wheel are simulated by using the finite element analysis method. The results show that there is a larger safety margin than the baseline wheel based on the maximum stress failure criterion. The long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic wheel of 5.59 kg saves 22.3% weight compared to the aluminum alloy baseline. For the increasing requirement of automotive components lightweight design, the method and consideration in this paper may also provide some ways for the design and strength analysis of other carrying structures made of thermoplastic composite.

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ARI, Ali, Mehmet KARAHAN, Mehmet KOPAR, and Mazyar AHRARI. "The effect of manufacturing parameters on various composite plates under ballistic impact." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221144874.

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In this study, the usability of several composite plates in level III and level IV body armors were examined, along with the ballistic resistance, protection level, and production parameters of each plate. For level III protection, composite panels are made using the heat pressing method under various pressures, and for level IV composites, ceramic plates of various thicknesses are reinforced on the back with various composite materials. Ballistic tests using the NIJ standards were performed on the created composite panels. There were delaminations between the layers as a result of the ballistic test in the level III protective panels produced at 140 bar pressure, but there was no puncture in the panels produced at 250 bar pressure, and the depth of trauma was reduced to a minimum. These observations were made using samples produced at 90 bar pressure under controlled conditions. Level IV panels were subjected to dry and wet ballistic tests, and the results of these tests showed that K-flex reinforced ceramics were impervious to punctures. It has been found that aramid-reinforced epoxy ceramic panels and UD H62 reinforced ceramics have superior ballistic qualities and are 6% lighter.

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Coskun, S., L. A. S. A. Prado, T. S. G. Das, A. Kötter, S. Sterk, and J. Halm. "Circularity studies on high performance thermoplastic demonstrators for the aircraft industry – End-of-Life concepts for PEKK/carbon fiber." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2526, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012051.

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Abstract In this study, the circularity of the different end-of-life concepts for PEKK reinforced with high performance carbon fiber composite parts were investigated. For this, two different thermoplastic demonstrators from Clean Sky 2’s ecoTECH Project were used. Recycling and circularity of the thermoplastic components were demonstrated by scraping the continues fiber reinforced thermoplastic fuselage panel parts into small flakes, which then were to be re-used as short fiber reinforced composite particles to produce compression molded Window Frames. For scraping, two different technologies were compared by means of quality, efficiency and environmental impacts. Based on different recycling and re-use options for both thermoplastic fuselage and Window Frame demonstrators, Linear Flow Index (LFI) and Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) parameters were calculated and used to showcase the alternative circularity levels of each scenario

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Zhao, Hong Kai, Li Guang Xiao, and Jing Wu Gao. "Research of Penetration Model for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nylon Composite Material." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2032.

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The thermoplastic composite material with general plastics and high-performance engineering plastics as the matrix has become the hot spot of current research, because of big viscosity of thermoplastic resin melt, the focal point of research has been long concentrated on the aspect of impregnation technology, therefore, it is of particular importance to theoretically build the percolation model for fibers impregnated with thermoplastic resin. In this paper a theoretical model for fibers impregnated with thermoplastic resin melt through percolation is established, this model characterizes the influential laws of process parameters, melt viscosity and fiber structure on impregnation time. The model shows that theoretical volume fraction of fibers of the molten nylon resin composite material is hard to reach over 70%; for the nylon resin melt after viscosity reduction treatment, the time for complete impregnation is still very long, and raising temperature or increasing pressure can only improve the impregnation effect to a certain degree.

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Zhang, Jie, Sha Li, and Xiao Ming Qian. "Processing Parameter Optimization of Flax Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composite." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1541.

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Fiber reinforced composites have been an important way to utilize agriculture plant fibers. Flax fiber is plant fiber and strong, biodegradable, anti-fungi and bacterial. Flax fiber reinforced PP fiberboard is thermoplastic with the advantages of low density, low cost, low energy consumption, and recyclable. The influences of flax / PP fiber blending ratio, molding temperature, molding time on the mechanical properties of flax / PP board were carefully investigated. After mathematical manipulations and experimental validation, it was found that the thermoplastic composite board had maximum tensile and bending strengths when the flax fibers were at 50% of the total weight, the molding temperature was 181 ， and the molding time was 48 minutes.

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Okhawilai, Manunya, Tewarak Parnklang, Phattarin Mora, Salim Hiziroglu, and Sarawut Rimdusit. "The energy absorption enhancement in aramid fiber-reinforced poly(benzoxazine-co-urethane) composite armors under ballistic impacts." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 3 (October 29, 2018): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418808894.

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Energy absorptions under ballistic impacts of aramid fiber-reinforced poly(benzoxazine-co-urethane) composites at urethane mass concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.% were investigated. The energy absorption of the composite was investigated by subjecting eight plies of the specimen with 9 mm and .44 Magnum according to levels II and IIIA of the National Institute of Justice standard-0101.04. The composite having the urethane mass concentration of 20 wt.% exhibited the synergistic behavior in energy absorption at both levels II and IIIA. The 20 wt.% of PU composite also possessed the greatest tensile strength and modulus. The numerical prediction revealed that the ballistic limit of aramid fiber-reinforced poly(benzoxazine-co-urethane) ballistic panel was as high as 690 m s−1. High energy absorption capabilities of the composites can be tailored for fabricating the ballistic panels in soft armor applications.

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Storoshuk, I. P., V. M. Alekseev, N. G. Pavlukovich, A. S. Borodulin, A. N. Kalinnikov, and A. V. Poleshaev. "Thermoplastic polyether sulfones for composite materials reinforced with fabrics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1990, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1990/1/012038.

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Çelik Erbaş,, S., and S. B. Baştürk. "Fabrication and characterization of nanoclay-reinforced thermoplastic composite films." Materiali in tehnologije 53, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2018.086.

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Dmitruk, Anna, Paulina Mayer, and Joanna Pach. "Pull-off strength of thermoplastic fiber-reinforced composite coatings." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 32, no. 9 (November 2, 2017): 997–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2017.1393917.

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Warrior, N. A., M. J. Wilson, R. Brooks, and C. D. Rudd. "Modelling of glass reinforced thermoplastic composite side-impact structures." International Journal of Crashworthiness 6, no. 4 (June 6, 2001): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/cras.2001.0197.

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Stanley, W. F., and P. J. Mallon. "Intraply shear characterisation of a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 37, no. 6 (June 2006): 939–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.03.017.

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Dixon, D. G. "Spall failure in a carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite." Journal of Materials Science Letters 9, no. 5 (May 1990): 606–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00725892.

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Chen, Lu, and Shankar Kalyanasundaram. "Wrinkling Behavior of a Woven Thermoplastic Composite Material." Materials Science Forum 893 (March 2017): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.893.26.

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This article examines the prediction of wrinkling initiation in self-reinforced thermoplastic composite materials for potential application in rapid forming of this class of materials. Whilst most of recent researches concentrate on examining metallic wrinkling behavior, this article aims to introduce a wrinkling indicator for composite sheet. The material system involved in the study is a self-reinforced polypropylene woven composite with a fiber orientation of 0°/90° along the warp and weft directions. Square specimens were stretched uniaxially along diagonal direction until the onset of wrinkling. It is observed that when the wrinkling occurs, strain increment ratio exhibits an abrupt change. This fundamental observation leads to the prediction of onset of wrinkling by using abrupt changes in strain increment ratio as a metric.

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Asavavisithchai, Seksak, Teeranan Marlaiwong, and Nuthaporn Nuttayasakul. "Developement of Composite Armors Using Natural Rubber Reinforced with Steel Wire Mesh for Ballistic Resistance." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 409 (November 6, 2018): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/409/1/012001.

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Adumitroaie, Adi, Fedor Antonov, Aleksey Khaziev, Andrey Azarov, Mikhail Golubev, and Valery V. Vasiliev. "Novel Continuous Fiber Bi-Matrix Composite 3-D Printing Technology." Materials 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 3011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12183011.

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A new paradigm in continuous fiber-reinforced polymer fused filament fabrication based on a thermoset-thermoplastic bi-matrix material system is proposed and proved. This totally new 3-D printing concept has the potential to overcome the drawbacks and to combine the advantages of separate thermoset and thermoplastic-based, fused filament fabrication methods and to advance continuous fiber-reinforced polymer 3-D printing toward higher mechanical performances of 3-D printed parts. The novel bi-matrix 3-D printing method and preliminary results related to the 3-D printed composite microstructure and performances are reported.

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Öztekin, Hilal Filiz, Mustafa Gür, Serkan Erdem, and Mete Onur Kaman. "Effect of fiber type and thickness on mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composite plates reinforced with fabric plies." Journal of Structural Engineering & Applied Mechanics 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31462/jseam.2022.03161169.

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Studies on weight reduction in aviation and space vehicles have gained momentum recently. Thermoplastic matrix composite materials are important alternative materials, especially due to their high specific strength, formability and recyclability. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites for different fiber and layer configurations. Thermoplastic composite materials used in the study were produced by lamination technique. In composite production; Glass fiber and carbon-aramid hybrid fabrics were used as fiber, and polyethylene granules were used as matrix. Thermoplastic sheets were obtained by keeping polyethylene granules and woven fibers in the hot press for a certain period of time. The damage behavior of the composite test specimens under tensile load was tested for the number of layers and fiber type. As the number of layers increased, stiffness, damage load and deformations increased in thermoplastic composites. Using hybrid fabric instead of glass as fiber material increased the maximum damage load by 100%.

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Koroteeva, L. I., A. V. Sharonov, P. A. Astakhov, N. A. Mironov, and A. V. Sergeeva. "The Design of Composite Materials of Prescribed Structure and Properties." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 7 (July 2017): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704400704.

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The structure and properties of a composite material (basalt-fibre-reinforced plastic) reinforced by chaotically distributed discrete fibres were determined at the design stage with account taken of the fibre diameter, the critical length of the fibres, the arrangement of fibres within the matrix, and the stress distribution over the length of the fibres. The results of calculation were used in the manufacture of specimens of thermoplastic polymeric material by the developed technology. The given results of experimental investigation of specimens of the thermoplastic material showed that the calculated values of the properties of the composite differ little from experimental values.

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Kim, Dae Won, Jun Park, Chul Kyu Jin, Hyung Yoon Seo, and Chung Gil Kang. "Effect of Impregnation Process Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites." Key Engineering Materials 858 (August 2020): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.858.78.

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Carbon fabric-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP) composites, fortified with carbon fiber prepreg and epoxy base materials, have been mainly used for body parts for weight lightening, advanced high strength, and impact absorption In the current automotive industry However, as recycling of the composite material is required, attempts have been made to manufacture body parts using a thermoplastic polymeric material as a base substance. In order to produce various types of body parts by impregnating a liquid thermoplastic material into carbon fabric preform in methods of manufacturing a carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material (CFRTP), it is important to understand the effect of the impregnation process parameters (time, temperature, pressing force) on the mechanical properties of the composite material. Therefore, in this study, the influence of impregnation process parameters on the mechanical properties of CFRTP is proposed. In addition, this paper presents the problems and solutions when polymeric materials are impregnated in carbon fabric.

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Mahmud, Siti Zalifah. "Physico-Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Composite Reinforced with Kelempayan, Oil Palm Trunk and Bamboo as Fillers." Scientific Research Journal 19, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v19i1.13684.

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Thermoplastic composite panel can be used for a variety of applications. The wide distribution, renewability and recyclability of lignocelluloses can expand the market for low-cost thermoplastic composites. Lignocellulosic materials from fast growing and plantation species such as lesser-known timber, bamboo and palm tree are promising materials for particulate filler for the production of thermoplastic composite panel due to its accessibility, great substrate behaviour and high yield resources. This study was to determine the physico-mechanical properties of thermoplastic composite panel reinforced with particulate fillers from kelempayan (Neolamarckia cadamba), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and betong bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper). This study focused on the effect of particle size and three percent additive to dimensional stability and strength properties of a panel. The polypropylene plastic has been blended with the particulate fillers in a dispersion mixture at the temperature of 180 °C. Then, it was hot pressed for five to nine minutes and the mold was cold pressed for three minutes before the panel was conditioned for testing performance. Statistical analysis has proven that different particle sizes and the supplementary of three percent additive significantly influenced the physico-mechanical properties of the thermoplastic composite panel.

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Dong, Wei Gou, and Hai Ling Song. "Transverse Impact and Tensile Behavior of the Three-Dimensional Woven Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1238.

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Two forms of perform were prepared by a Glass fiber/Polypropylene fiber commingled yarn. One was a three-dimensional woven fabric with an angle-interlock structure, and another was a two-dimensional plain woven fabric laminate. The three-dimensional woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites(3-DWRC) and two-dimensional woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites(2-DWRC) were fabricated by hot-press process. The Impact and tensile performances of both 3-DWRC and 2-DWRC were examined. Compared to the 2-DWRC, the 3-DWRC have better impact properties, the energy required to initiate cracks, the threshold force of the first oscillation and maximum load increased by 41.90%, 54.41%, 38.75% respectively under the low-energy impact conditions. The tensile tests shown that the 3-DWRC presented batter fracture toughness than the 2-DWRC. The use of thermoplastic composites is growing rapidly because of their excellent properties, a high toughness and damage tolerance, short processing cycles, and the ability to be reprocessed. But thermoplastic materials usually have a difficulty to impregnate between reinforcing fibers, due to high melt polymer viscosity. It is a technology innovation that the commingled yarns composed of reinforced fibers and thermoplastic fibers are used as prepreg for thermoplastic composite materials. Because thermoplastic fiber and reinforced fiber are closely combined, which reduces distances of resin’s infiltration, this can effectively overcome the difficulties of resin’s impregnation. The commingled yarns can be woven and knitted, and can facilitate the processing of complex structural composites. Three-dimensional fabrics reinforced composites are ideal materials with excellent integrity because it is linked with yarns between layers. Its shearing strength between layers, damage tolerance and reliability are better than the two-dimensional fabric laminated composites. At present, the researches of thermoplastic materials with two-dimensional fabric reinforced structure made from commingled yarns are much more, such as manufacturing technology, material properties ,effects of process conditions on properties, relationship between structures and properties, and so on [1-8]. However, only a few studies appear in literature on the structure-property relationships of three-dimensional fabric reinforced thermoplastic composite materials made of commingled yarns [9-10]. Byun, Hyung Joon et al. [9] undertook the impact test and the tensile test on 3-D woven thermoplastic composite materials and 2-D plain woven laminate which is made by CF/PEEK mixed yarn. Dong Weiguo and Huang Gu[10] studied the porosity, tensile and bending properties on 3-D woven thermoplastic composites which make from core-spun yarn containing glass fibers and polypropylene fibers. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact behavior of and tensile properties of 3-D woven fabric thermoplastic composites made by a GF/PP commingled yarns. Attempts was made to identify the damage mode of the 3-D woven fabric thermoplastic composites under the low energy impact and tensile conditions.

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Wang, Qiushi, Haibin Ning, Uday Vaidya, Selvum Pillay, and Leigh-Ann Nolen. "Fiber content measurement for carbon fiber–reinforced thermoplastic composites using carbonization-in-nitrogen method." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 31, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705716679481.

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Carbon fiber–reinforced thermoplastic composites are gaining increasing interest in various applications thanks to their combined properties of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, and superior toughness. Their mechanical properties are highly dependent on the carbon fiber content. In this study, the carbonization-in-nitrogen method (CIN) developed in previous work is used to measure the fiber content of carbon fiber thermoplastic composites. Three types of carbon fiber thermoplastic composite samples were prepared using hot-melt impregnation. The carbon fiber thermoplastic composite sample is carbonized in a nitrogen environment alongside a neat resin sample that is used for calibrating the resin carbonization percentage. A good agreement is achieved between the nominal carbon fiber content and the carbon fiber content measured using the CIN method. It is concluded that the CIN method is an accurate and efficient way to characterize the carbon fiber content for carbon fiber thermoplastic composites. This work completes the verification of the CIN method, which enables extended application to thermoplastic composites. Moreover, it has its unique merits on evaluating the carbon fiber content for high-temperature and solvent-resistant thermoplastic composites that would encounter challenges using other methods.

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Tutunjian, Shahan, Martin Dannemann, Niels Modler, Michael Kucher, and Albert Fellermayer. "A Numerical Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Temperature Development during the Ultrasonic Spot Welding of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastics." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp4020030.

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The ultrasonic spot welding of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic laminates has received great interest from researchers, mainly in the fields of aerospace and automotive industries. It offers an efficient solution to join large thermoplastic composite parts through the spot welding approach with a high level of automation. In this paper, the temporal and spatial development of the temperature in an ultrasonic weld spot between two fibre-reinforced thermoplastic laminates was modelled. During the ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composite laminates without energy directors a sudden temperature jump in the weld spot is usually observed. The temperature increase occurs rapidly up to the decomposition of the thermoplastic matrix and causes the degradation of the weld spot. To understand the temperature distribution within the weld spot and to calculate its temporal development, the thermal problem was analysed using a two-dimensional explicit finite difference method. To evaluate the models, the calculated time traces of the temperature in the weld spot were compared with the experimentally obtained values under comparable conditions.

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Breuer, U., and M. Neitzel. "High Speed Stamp Forming of Thermoplastic Composite Sheets." Engineering Plastics 4, no. 2 (January 1996): 147823919600400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919600400205.

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Nowadays great efforts are undertaken in order to improve the performance/cost balance of fabric reinforced polymeric composites via high-speed manufacturing and shaping processes. In this paper a low-cycle non-isothermal stamp forming process is described with all related processing parameters. Best results were achieved by using a well consolidated sheet, heated by an infrared technique and pressed in a matched die tool.

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Abbassi, Fethi, A. Gherissi, Ali Zghal, Sébastien Mistou, and Joël Alexis. "Micro-Scale Modeling of Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 146 (December 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.146.1.

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Thin-walled textile-reinforced composite parts possess excellent properties, including lightweight, high specific strength, internal torque and moment resistance which offer opportunities for applications in mass transit and ground transportation. In particular, the composite material is widely used in aerospace and aircraft structure. In order to estimate accurately the parameters of the constitutive law of woven fabric composite, it is recommended to canvass multi-scale modeling approaches: meso, micro and macro. In the present investigation, based on the experimental results established by carrying out observations by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), we developed a micro-scale FEM model of carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastic using a commercial software ABAQUS. From the SEM cartography, one identified two types of representative volume elementary (RVE): periodic and random distribution of micro-fibers in the yarn. Referring to homogenization method and by applying the limits conditions to the RVE, we have extracted the coefficients of the rigidity matrix of the studied composites. In the last part of this work, we compare the results obtained by random and periodic RVE model of carbon/PPS and we compute the relative error assuming that random model gives the right value.

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Moothoo, Julien, Mahadev Bar, and Pierre Ouagne. "Mechanical Properties of Compression Moulded Aggregate-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Scrap." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 11 (November 14, 2021): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5110299.

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Recycling of thermoplastic composites has drawn a considerable attention in the recent years. However, the main issue with recycled composites is their inferior mechanical properties compared to the virgin ones. In this present study, an alternative route to the traditional mechanical recycling technique of thermoplastic composites has been investigated with the view to increase mechanical properties of the recycled parts. In this regard, the glass/polypropylene laminate offcuts are cut in different grain sizes and processed in bulk form, using compression moulding. Further, the effect of different grain sizes (i.e., different lengths, widths and thicknesses) and other process-related parameters (such as mould coverage) on the tensile properties of recycled aggregate-reinforced composites have been investigated. The tensile properties of all composite samples are tested according to ISO 527-4 test method and the significance of test results is evaluated according to Student’s t-test and Fisher’s F-test respectively. It is observed that the tensile moduli of the recycled panels are close to the equivalent quasi-isotropic continuous fibre-reinforced reference laminate while there is a noteworthy difference in the strengths of the recycled composites. At this stage, the manufactured recycled composites show potential for stiffness-driven application.

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Doan, Hai Giang Minh, and Pierre Mertiny. "Creep Testing of Thermoplastic Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Tubular Coupons." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 17, 2020): 4637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204637.

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Thermoplastic fiber-reinforced polymer composites (TP-FRPC) are gaining popularity in industry owing to characteristics such as fast part fabrication, ductile material properties and high resistance to environmental degradation. However, TP-FRPC are prone to time-dependent deformation effects like creep under sustained loading, which can lead to significant dimensional changes and affect the safe operation of structures. Previous research in this context has focused, mainly, on testing of flat coupons. In this study, a creep testing method for TP-FRPC tubular coupons was developed. Specimens were fabricated using tape winding and subjected to well-defined loading conditions, i.e., pure hoop tensile and pure axial compressive stress. Strain gauges and digital image correlation were both employed for strain measurements and were found to be in good agreement. The evolution of strain rate, Poisson’s ratio and creep compliance were investigated. The prediction of experimental data by the Burgers model and the Findley’s power law model were explored. The research findings suggest that the developed experimental and analysis approach provides valuable information for the design of material systems and structures.

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Vijayabhaskar, S., T. Rajmohan, E. Isaac Kennedy, and T. Jayanth Krishna. "Synthesis and characterization of natural fiber reinforced laminated thermoplastic composite." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 954 (October 23, 2020): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/954/1/012015.

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Wilson, Maywood L., John D. Buckley, George E. Dickerson, Gary S. Johnson, Edward C. Taylor, and Edward W. Covington. "Pultrusion Process Development of a Graphite Reinforced Polyetherimide Thermoplastic Composite." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 2, no. 3 (July 1989): 230–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089270578900200305.

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Ramakrishna, S., H. Hamada, Z. Maekawa, and H. Sato. "Energy Absorption Behavior of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Tubes." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 8, no. 3 (July 1995): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089270579500800307.

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Yapici, Ahmet, Ömer Sinan Sahin, and Hüseyin Arikan. "Buckling of Metal-reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Laminated Plates with Holes." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 24, no. 13 (September 2005): 1379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684405049885.

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Ramakrishna, S., H. Hamada, and N. K. Cuong. "Fabrication of Knitted Glass Fibre Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Laminates." Advanced Composites Letters 3, no. 6 (November 1994): 096369359400300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359400300601.

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It has been shown that knitted fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites can be fabricated by compression moulding in two ways namely, film stacking method and co-knitted fabric method. The processability of co-knitted fabric method was better than the film stacking method. Tensile properties in the wale direction of the knitted fabric were higher than those of the course direction.

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Dai, Heming, Michael J. Smith, and Karthik Ramani. "Design and processing of a thermoplastic composite reinforced wood structure." Polymer Composites 25, no. 2 (2004): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.20010.

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Jayaraman, Krishnan, and Rex Halliwell. "Blending of Natural Fibres and Thermoplastics by Screwless Extrusion." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 1141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.1141.

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Natural fibres, such as sisal, flax and woodfibres, are relatively inexpensive and originate from renewable resources. Thermoplastic polymers, such as polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and waste plastics, possess shorter manufacturing cycle times and reprocessability. Natural fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composite materials exhibit favourable values of modulus and strength when the fibres are properly compounded with the polymers. Common methods for manufacturing natural fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites, injection moulding and extrusion, require pre-compounding of the fibres and the thermoplastic due to the large difference in densities of the loose fibres and thermoplastic materials. Development and analysis of a screwless extruder that employs a reliable and low technology process for melt blending natural fibres and thermoplastic polymers is the main objective of this study.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermoplastic composite armors reinforced'

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