Journal articles on the topic 'Thermophilic bacteria'
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1
Allgood, Gregory S., and Jerome J. Perry. "Oxygen defense systems in obligately thermophilic bacteria." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 11 (November 1, 1985): 1006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-190.
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Ten strains of Gram-negative, aerobic, obligately thermophilic bacteria were examined for their response to oxygen toxicity by comparing static with shaken cultures. All of the organisms tested had measurable levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Aeration generally did not result in an increased level of superoxide dismutase in any of the thermophiles. Aeration of organisms obligate for n-alkane substrate caused an increase in cellular peroxidase levels and a corresponding decrease in catalase. The thermophiles that grew on either n-alkanes or complex media did not grow on the hydrocarbon in aerated culture but on a complex medium, aeration effected an increased level of catalase. With the exception of a pink-pigmented thermophile which, when aerated, did not have an increased level of the three oxygen defense enzymes, most of the thermophiles surveyed had an increased level of catalase or peroxidase when exposed to increased oxygen tension. The activity of the enzymes was determined at temperatures from 25 to 65 °C and the former temperature was satisfactory for these experiments.
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Kim and Lee. "Effects of a Groundwater Heat Pump on Thermophilic Bacteria Activity." Water 11, no. 10 (October 6, 2019): 2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102084.
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Groundwater samples were collected from the tubular wells of a groundwater heat pump (GWHP), and the psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic bacteria inhabiting the collected groundwater were cultured and isolated. Using the isolated bacteria, we analyzed temperature-dependent changes in autochthonous bacteria based on the operation of the GWHP. Microbial culture identified eight species of bacteria: five species of thermophilic bacteria (Anoxybacillus tepidamans, Bacillus oceanisediminis, Deinococcus geothermalis, Effusibacillus pohliae, and Vulcaniibacterium thermophilum), one species of mesophilic bacteria (Lysobacter mobilis), and two species of psychrophilic bacteria (Paenibacillus elgii and Paenibacillus lautus). The results indicated A. tepidamans as the most dominant thermophilic bacterium in the study area. Notably, the Anoxybacillus genus was previous reported as a microorganism capable of creating deposits that clog above-ground wells and filters at geothermal power plants. Additionally, we found that on-site operation of the GWHP had a greater influence on the activity of thermophilic bacteria than on psychrophilic bacteria among autochthonous bacteria. These findings suggested that study of cultures of thermophilic bacteria might contribute to understanding the bio-clogging phenomena mediated by A. tepidamans in regard to GWHP-related thermal efficiency.
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Mikulík, Karel, Magdalena Melčová, and Jarmila Zídková. "Antibacterial peptides from thermophilic bacteria." International Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25125/engineering-journal-ijoer-apr-2017-15.
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Safitri, Ratu, Rika Okta Pylia, and Shabarni Gaffar. "Amylolytic Geobacillus from Kamojang Crater Hot Springs, Garut, Indonesia." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 26, no. 10 (September 25, 2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2610rjce062069.
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The hot springs area of Kamojang Crater, Garut Indonesia is a prospective habitat for amylase-producing thermophile bacteria. Researchers have been drawn to thermophilic bacteria because they produce thermostable enzymes that can be used in biotechnological processes. Thermostable enzyme produced by thermophilic bacteria is used extensively in industrial processes. This study aims to isolate and characterize the amylolytic thermophilic bacteria and archaea from Kamojang Crater hot springs, Garut, Indonesia. Samples were grown in Thermus, Luria Bertani and hot spring medium at 70°C and pH 6, characterized morphologically, microscopically, biochemically etc. Two amylolytic thermophilic bacteria HSM6T1 and TM6T2SP1 were successfully identified, which have amylolytic index 1,07 dan 0,31 mm respectively. Molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the HSM6T1 has 99.93% similarity with Geobacillus sp. strain PCH167 and the TM6T2SP1 has 99.86% similarities with Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain CCB-US3-UF5.
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KHALILA, RUHUL, Lenni Fitri, and SUHARTONO SUHARTONO. "Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria as Cellulolytic Enzyme Producer from the Hot Spring of Ie Seuum Aceh Besar, Indonesia." Microbiology Indonesia 14, no. 1 (August 11, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.4.
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Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophile bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers,. The sampling method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 oC, 60 oC and 50 oC. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic bacteria isolated recovered at 70 oC, five isolates at 60 oC, and seven isolates at 50 oC. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values were obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.
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Vavitsas, Konstantinos, Panayiotis D. Glekas, and Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou. "Synthetic Biology of Thermophiles: Taking Bioengineering to the Extremes?" Applied Microbiology 2, no. 1 (February 14, 2022): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol2010011.
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Synthetic biology applications rely on a well-characterized set of microbial strains, with an established toolbox of molecular biology methods for their genetic manipulation. Since there are no thermophiles with such attributes, most biotechnology and synthetic biology studies use organisms that grow in the mesophilic temperature range. As a result, thermophiles, a heterogenous group of microbes that thrive at high (>50 °C) temperatures, are largely overlooked, with respect to their biotechnological potential, even though they share several favorable traits. Thermophilic bacteria tend to grow at higher rates compared to their mesophilic counterparts, while their growth has lower cooling requirements and is less prone to contamination. Over the last few years, there has been renewed interest in developing tools and methods for thermophile bioengineering. In this perspective, we explain why it is a good idea to invest time and effort into developing a thermophilic synthetic biology direction, which is the state of the art, and why we think that the implementation of a thermophilic synthetic biology platform—a thermochassis—will take synthetic biology to the extremes.
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Mawati, Sefi Desfeni, Esti Harpen, and Hilma Putri Fidyandini. "SKRINING BAKTERI TERMOFILIK POTENSIAL AMILOLITIK DARI SUMBER AIR PANAS WAY BELERANG KALIANDA LAMPUNG SELATAN." Journal of Aquatropica Asia 6, no. 1 (July 6, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/aquatropica.v6i1.2458.
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Thermophilic bacteria that produced amylase and protease have been isolated from Way Belerang hot spring, Kalianda, South Lampung. This research aims to screen and identify thermophilic bacteria that have the potential to produce thermostable amylase and protease enzymes.The research procedures included sampling, isolation of enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria, a series of phenotypic and biochemical tests, and molecular identification by 16s rRNA. This study used 2 treatments, namely incubation temperature 37 and 50 ºC with 3 repetitions. The results showed that the optimum temperature for growth of thermophilic bacterial isolates and thermophilic bacterial isolates producing amylase enzymes was 50ºC. The bacteria isolate that had the best amylolytic enzyme activity was Isolate A.WB.50.1 with a diameter of the inhibitory zone was 15.44 mm. Isolate A.WB.50.1 has been identified by the species Pseudomonas stutzeri.
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Ebrahimpour, Arezoo, and Ashraf Kariminik. "Isolation, characterization and molecular identification of protease producing bacteria from Tashkooh mountain located in Ahvaz, Iran." International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12054.
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Thermophilic microorganisms have gained worldwide importance due to their remarkable potential to produce thermostable and thermoactive enzymes that have wide applications in pharmaceuticals and industries. Therefore, the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from natural sources and their identification are very important in terms of discovering new industrial enzymes. The aim of this research was therefore the isolation of protease producing thermophilic bacteria from Tashkooh or firing mount located in Ahvaz, Iran. 8 bacterial isolates were screened. These strains were examined for the existence of extracellular protease activity. All 8 isolated bacteria showed proteolytic activity on nutrient agar with skim-milk. 3 bacteria showed their optimum growth at alkaline pH and grew maximally at different temperature in the thermophilic range and had proteolytic activity at pH 11 in 70?C and pH 9 in 55?C.The best carbon source for proteolytic activity was starch. After performing some phenotypic tests determined that all the isolates were Gram positive, endospore forming rods, aerobic, capable to produce catalase, amylase and gelatinase enzymes and they were identified as Bacillus sp. The best isolated bacteria was identified molecularly with the aid of 16S rRNA sequencing and data revealed that the Bacillus subtilis strain G-13 (GenBank accession No. KJ139434.1).The investigation confirmed that the isolate to be a true thermophile and could be a source of thermostable protease which can be exploited for pharmaceutical and industrials applications.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12054 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 39-42
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Jasilionis, Andrius, Algirdas Kaupinis, Marija Ger, Mindaugas Valius, Donaldas Chitavichius, and Nomeda Kuisiene. "Gene expression and activity analysis of the first thermophilic U32 peptidase." Open Life Sciences 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 587–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0047-y.
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AbstractPeptidase family U32 is one of the few whose catalytic type and structure has not yet been described. It is generally accepted that U32 peptidases represent putative collagenases and contribute to the pathogenicity of some bacteria. Meanwhile, U32 peptidases are also found in nonpathogenic bacteria including thermophiles and hyperthermophiles. Here we report cloning of the U32.002 peptidase gene from thermophilic Geobacillus thermoleovorans DSM 15325 and demonstrate expression and characterization of the recombinant protein. It has been determined that U32.002 peptidase is constitutively expressed in the cells of thermophilic G. thermoleovorans DSM 15325. The recombinant oligomeric enzyme showed its activity only against heat-treated collagen. It was unable to degrade albumin, casein, elastin, gelatine and keratin. In contrast to this, the monomeric recombinant protein showed no activity at all. This paper is the first report about the thermophilic U32 peptidase. As the thermophilic bacteria are non-pathogenic, the role of constitutively expressed extracellular collagenolytic U32 peptidase in these bacteria is unclear.
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Ifandi, Slamet, and Muh Alwi. "Isolation of Thermophilic Bacteria from Bora Hot Springs in Central Sulawesi." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 10, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14905.
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Thermophilic bacteria can survive at high temperature, in which hot spring is one of its habitats. Indonesia has many hot springs with potential as a habitat for thermophilic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates thermophilic bacteria from Bora hotspring located in Central Sulawesi. This study applied a descriptive-observational study design, characteristics of bacterial properties identified using conventional methods according to the Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The study was conducted in 3 stages. The first stage was bacteria cultivation on the appropriate media, followed by stage of isolated and the last stage by identified characteristics of thermophilic bacteria which included microscopic and macroscopic morphology, Physiological and biochemistry test. The results of the isolates indicted 4 representative isolated of thermophilic bacteria from Bora Hot Spring namely TM022, TM023, TM024, TM026. The bacteria isolates obtained were bacillus, coccus and Gram negative and positive, while the physiological test of all isolates were able to grow and showed changes in the medium. This study is useful in providing characteristic of indigenous thermophilic bacteria isolates that produces thermostable enzymes.
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Korehi, Hananeh, and Axel Schippers. "Bioleaching of a Marine Hydrothermal Sulfide Ore with Mesophiles, Moderate Thermophiles and Thermophiles." Advanced Materials Research 825 (October 2013): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.229.
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Marine hydrothermal polymetallic sulfide ores contain high amounts of valuable metals such as Cu, Pb, Zn, Au, Ag, as well as In, Ge, Bi, and Se. Samples from a site in the Indian Ocean were taken during a BGR ship cruise, crushed and sieved for bioleaching experiments to reveal the extraction of the various metals. Chalcopyrite was the main mineral, the total copper content was 38.5 %wt. Comparative bioleaching with mesophilic, moderate thermophilic and thermophilic acidophilic iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and archaea was investigated. Batch culture experiments were conducted at 2% (w/v) pulp density in shake flasks in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidiphilium sp. and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans as mesophiles (30°C), a mixed culture of moderate thermopilic iron- and sulfur oxidizing bacteria (50°C) and the thermophile Acidianus brierleyi (70°C). The results after four weeks showed most effective dissolution of copper in the presence of A. brierleyi (up to 4.3 g/l), compared with moderate thermophiles and mesophiles (3.3 g/l and 2.5 g/l, respectively). Furthermore, the bioleaching performance was approved with dissolved iron concentrations. Conclusively, an increase in temperature from 30 °C to 70 °C had a major impact on bioleaching efficiency. Copper and iron extraction efficiency occurred in the order thermophiles, moderate thermophiles, mesophiles.
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COGAN, TIMOTHY M., MANUELA BARBOSA, ERIC BEUVIER, BRUNA BIANCHI-SALVADORI, PIER S. COCCONCELLI, ISABEL FERNANDES, JESUS GOMEZ, et al. "Characterization of the lactic acid bacteria in artisanal dairy products." Journal of Dairy Research 64, no. 3 (August 1997): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029997002185.
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In all, 4379 isolates from 35 products, including 24 artisanal cheeses, were surveyed with a view to identifying strains that could be used as starters in commercial dairy fermentations. Of the isolates, 38% were classified as Lactococcus, 17% as Enterococcus, 14% as Streptococcus thermophilus, 12% as mesophilic Lactobacillus, 10% as Leuconostoc and 9% as thermophilic Lactobacillus. Acid production by the isolates varied considerably. Of the 1582 isolates of Lactococcus and 482 isolates of mesophilic Lactobacillus tested, only 8 and 2% respectively produced sufficient acid to lower the pH of milk to <5·3 in 6 h at 30°C. In contrast, 53, 32 and 13% of Str. thermophilus, thermophilic Lactobacillus and Enterococcus isolates respectively reduced the pH to 5·3. These isolates were found only in some French, Italian and Greek cheeses. Bacteriocins were produced by 11% of the 2257 isolates tested and 26 of them produced broad-spectrum bacteriocins which inhibited at least eight of the ten target strains used, which included lactic acid bacteria, clostridia and Listeria innocua. The most proteolytic of the 2469 isolates tested were Str. thermophilus from Fontina cheese followed by Enterococcus from Fiore Sardo and Toma cheese and thermophilic Lactobacillus from all sources. Exopolysaccharides were produced by 5·3% of the 2224 isolates tested.
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Çulha, Mustafa, Ahmet Adigüzel, M. MÜGE Yazici, Mehmet Kahraman, Fikrettin Slahin, and Medine Güllüce. "Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Applied Spectroscopy 62, no. 11 (November 2008): 1226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370208786401545.
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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can provide molecular-level information about the molecules and molecular structures in the vicinity of nanostructured noble metal surfaces such as gold and silver. The three thermophilic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Geobacillus pallidus, a Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, and a Gram-positive bacterium B. megaterium are comparatively characterized using SERS. The SERS spectra of thermophilic bacteria are similar, while they show significant differences compared to E. coli and B. megaterium. The findings indicate that a higher number of thiol residues and possible S–S bridges are present in the cell wall structure of thermophilic bacteria, providing their stability at elevated temperatures. Incubating the thermophilic bacteria with colloidal silver suspension at longer times improved the bacteria–silver nanoparticle interaction kinetics, while increased temperature does not have a pronounced effect on spectral features. A tentative assignment of the SERS bands was attempted for thermophilic bacteria. The results indicate that SERS can be a useful tool to study bacterial cell wall molecular differences.
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Abed, Hayder H., Aamer M. Ali, and Zahrah S. Mahdi. "Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplement on the Semen Quality in Human Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 29, no. 5 (April 27, 2022): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.29.5.562-569.
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Thermophilic bacteria are a source of bioactive compounds that have many benefits for human life. One of them is as a source of antimicrobials. This research aimed to identify and characterize the promising thermophilic bacterial isolates by analyzing bioactive compounds and their potential as antimicrobial agents. Thermophilic bacteria with the code LBKURCC were taken from the collection of the Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Riau. Forty-four purified strains of thermophilic bacteria were tested for antimicrobial ability. These thermophilic bacteria were taken from hot springs located in the Sumatra provinces of West Sumatra and Riau. Strain LBKURCC218 isolated from Rimbo Panti hot springs in West Sumatra was chosen to further investigate antimicrobials production. Isolates of hot spring bacteria that produced the highest antimicrobial were identified by comparing the similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. BLAST result and phylogenetic tree showed that the selected thermophilic bacterial strain was similar to Bacillus paramicoides with the similarity index of 99.93%. Analysis of bioactive compounds of the ethyl acetate extract of liquid cultures of B. paramycoides LBKURCC218 showed the best producer of antimicrobial compounds compared to other isolates. The most identified compounds from the ethyl acetate extract were Dodecanoic acid, representing 23.62% of the total compounds, followed by 11-Dodecanoic acid at 17.84%. Ethyl acetate extract of B. paramycoides LBKURCC218 has a high inhibition zone against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.
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Octarya, Zona, Titania Tjandrawati Nugroho, Yuana Nurulita, and Saryono. "Molecular Identification, GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Thermophilic Bacteria Derived from West Sumatra Hot-Spring Indonesia." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 29, no. 4 (April 27, 2022): 549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.29.4.549-561.
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Thermophilic bacteria are a source of bioactive compounds that have many benefits for human life. One of them is as a source of antimicrobials. This research aimed to identify and characterize the promising thermophilic bacterial isolates by analyzing bioactive compounds and their potential as antimicrobial agents. Thermophilic bacteria with the code LBKURCC were taken from the collection of the Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Riau. Forty-four purified strains of thermophilic bacteria were tested for antimicrobial ability. These thermophilic bacteria were taken from hot springs located in the Sumatra provinces of West Sumatra and Riau. Strain LBKURCC218 isolated from Rimbo Panti hot springs in West Sumatra was chosen to further investigate antimicrobials production. Isolates of hot spring bacteria that produced the highest antimicrobial were identified by comparing the similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. BLAST result and phylogenetic tree showed that the selected thermophilic bacterial strain was similar to Bacillus paramicoides with the similarity index of 99.93%. Analysis of bioactive compounds of the ethyl acetate extract of liquid cultures of B. paramycoides LBKURCC218 showed the best producer of antimicrobial compounds compared to other isolates. The most identified compounds from the ethyl acetate extract were Dodecanoic acid, representing 23.62% of the total compounds, followed by 11-Dodecanoic acid at 17.84%. Ethyl acetate extract of B. paramycoides LBKURCC218 has a high inhibition zone against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.
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Hamana, Koei, Teruhiko Akiba, Fuji Uchino, and Shigeru Matsuzaki. "Distribution of spermine in bacilli and lactic acid bacteria." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m89-069.
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Obligate moderately thermophilic bacilli and obligate moderately thermoacidophilic bacilli contained spermine as the major polyamine in addition to putrescine and spermidine. The identity of spermine was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography before and after treatment with putrescine oxidase. Using these methods, thermospermine and spermine can be separated; thermospermine was not present in these organisms. On the other hand, various facultative thermophiles and mesophilic strains of the genus Bacillus, including alkalophiles and halophiles, lack spermine and other tetraamines. No spermine was detected in several strains of mesophilic or facultative slightly thermophilic lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus.Key words: polyamine, spermine, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus.
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Adhikari, Hriush, Sangam Ghimire, Binod Khatri, and Yuvraj K.C. "Enzymatic Screening and Molecular Characterization of Thermophilic Bacterial Strains Isolated from Hotspring of Tatopani, Bhurung, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (September 25, 2015): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.12724.
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Background and Aim: In Nepal not much of study of Thermophilic area and Thermophiles have been done. Thermophilic bacteria are less studied but are important group of microorganisms due to their ability to produce industrially important enzymes. Methods: In this study, thermophilic bacteria were isolated from hot spring of Bhurung, Nepal. Wide range of bacteria that could grow at high temperatures and tolerate extreme temperature were characterized by morphology, biochemistry and sequencing of its 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolates were screened for production of extracellular enzymes like protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, caseinase, pectinase and xylanase activity. Phylogenetic tree construction and G+C content evaluation of the isolate was also studied.Results: 15 isolates with ability to tolerate high temperatures were identified as Bacillus sp. by morphology, biochemistry and sequencing of its 16S rRNA gene sequence. BLAST search analysis of the sequence was performed and result showed maximum identity (99% similarity) with Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus. Isolated strains exhibited considerable amount of extracellular exozymes activity. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolates revealed the relatedness among the species. The G+C content of each species was also evaluated and was found to be in range of 54.87 to 55.54%.Conclusion: The study of isolates confirmed that the isolated Bacillus sp. to be a true thermophile and could be a source of various thermostable exozymes which can be exploited for pharmaceutical and industrials applications. Much detailed study of the isolates can Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 392-397
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Mahestri, Laras, Esti Harpeni, and Agus Setyawan. "Isolation and Screening of Amylolytic and Proteolytic Thermophilic Bacteria from Way Panas Hot Spring, Kalianda, South Lampung." Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan 26, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jpk.26.3.161-168.
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Amylolytic and proteolitic activity from thermophilic bacteria have been observed from the Way Panas hot springs, Kalianda, South Lampung. This study aims to isolate and screen amylase and protease enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria and their potential in fisheries. A total of 8 bacterial isolates were examined from the Way Panas hot spring, Kalianda. Each was cultured on selective medium for amylase and protease production. The results showed that 4 bacterial isolates were able to hydrolyze starch (A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.3, and A.WP.50.4) were able hydrolyze starch and no bacterial isolates had hydrolysis activity against protein. The highest activity of amylolitic was achieved by A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate. Based on the phenotype, biochemistry assay, and 16s rDNA sequencing, the A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate have high similarity and identified as Bacillus cereusAmylolytic and proteolitic activity from thermophilic bacteria have been observed from the Way Panas hot springs, Kalianda, South Lampung. This study aims to isolate and screen amylase and protease enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria and their potential in fisheries. A total of 8 bacterial isolates were examined from the Way Panas hot spring, Kalianda. Each was cultured on selective medium for amylase and protease production. The results showed that 4 bacterial isolates were able to hydrolyze starch (A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.3, and A.WP.50.4) were able hydrolyze starch and no bacterial isolates had hydrolysis activity against protein. The highest activity of amylolitic was achieved by A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate. Based on the phenotype, biochemistry assay, and 16s rDNA sequencing, the A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate have high similarity and identified as Bacillus cereus
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Suharti, Nin Suharti, and Geminsah Putra. "ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI TERMOFILIK PENGHASIL AMILASE DARI SUMBER AIR PANAS SIDEBUK-DEBUK SUMATERA UTARA." Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/pannmed.v17i1.1277.
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Hot springs or hot springs are springs that are produced as a result of the release of groundwater from the earth's crust after experiencing geothermal heating. Indonesia is one of the most active tectonic regions in the world with more than 70 active volcanoes, and has many geothermal areas. Hot springs are a suitable growth medium for thermophilic bacteria. Thermophilic bacteria are a group of bacteria that adapt to high-temperature environmental conditions, with temperatures ranging from 50°C-75°C. The natural habitat of thermophilic bacteria is widespread throughout the earth's surface, including in hot springs, volcanic craters or volcanic areas. One of the hot springs in North Sumatra province is sidebuk-debuk, which is located in Bandar Baru sub-district. is a hot spring, which has a temperature between 50°C – 75°C. At this time thermophilic bacteria are studied and researched intensively for reasons of developing basic research and biotechnology applications. Thermophilic bacteria have the potential to produce heat-resistant/ thermostable enzymes and can be used in industry, waste treatment processes and mineral weathering. Amylase is an important enzyme that is widely used in industrial applications through synthesis reactions and hydrolysis reactions, accounting for almost 65% of the total sales of enzymes in the world. Researchers are interested in knowing more about the role of thermostable enzymes in modern biotechnology today, therefore it is necessary to conduct research aimed at isolating and identifying local isolates of thermophilic bacteria as potential sources of enzymes, especially in North Sumatra. From this study, 19 isolates of Bacillus sp bacteria were obtained from Sidebuk-debuk hot springs based on phenotypic characters by looking at macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical characteristics, with 9 isolates of thermophilic bacteria that have the potential to produce amylase as indicated by the presence of a clear zone around the bacterial colonies.Keywords: Hot Springs, Bacillus sp Bacteria,
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Gladden, John M., Martin Allgaier, Christopher S. Miller, Terry C. Hazen, Jean S. VanderGheynst, Philip Hugenholtz, Blake A. Simmons, and Steven W. Singer. "Glycoside Hydrolase Activities of Thermophilic Bacterial Consortia Adapted to Switchgrass." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 16 (July 1, 2011): 5804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00032-11.
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ABSTRACTIndustrial-scale biofuel production requires robust enzymatic cocktails to produce fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass. Thermophilic bacterial consortia are a potential source of cellulases and hemicellulases adapted to harsher reaction conditions than commercial fungal enzymes. Compost-derived microbial consortia were adapted to switchgrass at 60°C to develop thermophilic biomass-degrading consortia for detailed studies. Microbial community analysis using small-subunit rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing and short-read metagenomic sequencing demonstrated that thermophilic adaptation to switchgrass resulted in low-diversity bacterial consortia with a high abundance of bacteria related to thermophilic paenibacilli,Rhodothermus marinus, andThermus thermophilus. At lower abundance, thermophilicChloroflexiand an uncultivated lineage of theGemmatimonadetesphylum were observed. Supernatants isolated from these consortia had high levels of xylanase and endoglucanase activities. Compared to commercial enzyme preparations, the endoglucanase enzymes had a higher thermotolerance and were more stable in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]), an ionic liquid used for biomass pretreatment. The supernatants were used to saccharify [C2mim][OAc]-pretreated switchgrass at elevated temperatures (up to 80°C), demonstrating that these consortia are an excellent source of enzymes for the development of enzymatic cocktails tailored to more extreme reaction conditions.
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Łubkowska, Beata, Joanna Jeżewska-Frąckowiak, Ireneusz Sobolewski, and Piotr M. Skowron. "Bacteriophages of Thermophilic ‘Bacillus Group’ Bacteria—A Review." Microorganisms 9, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071522.
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Bacteriophages of thermophiles are of increasing interest owing to their important roles in many biogeochemical, ecological processes and in biotechnology applications, including emerging bionanotechnology. However, due to lack of in-depth investigation, they are underrepresented in the known prokaryotic virosphere. Therefore, there is a considerable potential for the discovery of novel bacteriophage-host systems in various environments: marine and terrestrial hot springs, compost piles, soil, industrial hot waters, among others. This review aims at providing a reference compendium of thermophages characterized thus far, which infect the species of thermophilic ‘Bacillus group’ bacteria, mostly from Geobacillus sp. We have listed 56 thermophages, out of which the majority belong to the Siphoviridae family, others belong to the Myoviridae and Podoviridae families and, apparently, a few belong to the Sphaerolipoviridae, Tectiviridae or Corticoviridae families. All of their genomes are composed of dsDNA, either linear, circular or circularly permuted. Fourteen genomes have been sequenced; their sizes vary greatly from 35,055 bp to an exceptionally large genome of 160,590 bp. We have also included our unpublished data on TP-84, which infects Geobacillus stearothermophilus (G. stearothermophilus). Since the TP-84 genome sequence shows essentially no similarity to any previously characterized bacteriophage, we have defined TP-84 as a new species in the newly proposed genus Tp84virus within the Siphoviridae family. The information summary presented here may be helpful in comparative deciphering of the molecular basis of the thermophages’ biology, biotechnology and in analyzing the environmental aspects of the thermophages’ effect on the thermophile community.
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Budagaeva, Valentina Grygoryevna, and Darima Dondokovna Barkhutova. "THERMOPHILIC ORGANOTROPHIC BACTERIA OF THE GENUS MEIOTHERMUS IN ALKALINE HYDROTHERMS OF PRIBAIKALYE (BURYATIA)." Samara Journal of Science 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20152108.
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Aerobic, facultative anaerobic hydrolytic bacteria are widespread in the sediments and microbial mats of alkaline hot springs in Baikal region (Buryatia). Typical representatives of hydrolytic bacteria are alkalotermophylic bacilli which are capable of utilizing organic matter in alkaline hot spring waters. Two pure cultures of bacteria growing on acetate, pyruvate and soetone were isolated from the microbial mat of Baikal region thermal springs (Buryatia). These strains were non-sporeforming straight or curved rods that morphologically similar to the representatives of the genus Meiothermus. Bacteria on agar medium formed small smooth pink colonies. Ecophysiological properties of isolates are studied (with respect to temperature and pH). Optimal growth temperature of culture Um-14-2-1 was 450C, the temperature range was 35-600C. The temperature range of strain Al-14-3 was 30-60C, with an optimum 50 C. The pH range of strain Um-14-2-1 is 6.5 to 9.5, the optimum of 8.0. The pH range of strain Al-14-3 is 6.5 to 9.5, the optimum of 8.5. Two thermophilic heterotrophic bacteria are similar to the genus Meiothermus by morphophysiological properties and the ability to thermophile, and are moderate thermophiles.
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Tasturganova, Elmira, Fatima Dikhanbaeva, Alexandr Prosekov, Gulzat Zhunusova, Bagila Dzhetpisbaeva, and Ainur Matibaeva. "Research of Fatty Acid Composition of Samples of Bio-Drink Made of Camel Milk." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 6, no. 2 (August 25, 2018): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.6.2.23.
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Adequate nutrition is the most important determinant of the human health. Taking into account this factor, development of the technology for special purpose dairy products based on camel milk using probiotic starter cultures that will have the ability to destroy toxic metabolites, produce amino acids, volatile fatty acids and synthesize vitamins is the urgent task. In connection with the objective set, we have developed 4 samples of dairy products based on camel milk, and examined fatty acid composition thereof on the basis of the Scientific Research Institute of Biotechnology FSBEI HE Kemerovo Institute of Food Science and Technology (University). In the scientific article four samples of the product based on milk are considered. The first sample of the fermented Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid lactococcus, propionic acid and acetic acid bacteria and Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks АНВ. The second sample was prepared using Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks АВ and Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid lactococcus, propionic acid and acetic acid bacteria. The third sample fermented Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks Бн and Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks АНВ. The fourth sample prepared with the addition of Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks АВ and Bacterial leaven of thermophilic lactic acid sticks Бн. Using the method of chemical ionization with positive and negative ions recording on a chromatographic mass-spectrometer, we determined the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the samples studied. High content of these acids was found in samples № 1 and № 2. In samples 3 and 4, the acid content was low.
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Lee, Yong-Jik, Dariimaa Ganbat, DoKyung Oh, HyeWon Kim, Ga Eul Jeong, In-Tae Cha, Seong-Bo Kim, Gaewon Nam, You-Jung Jung, and Sang-Jae Lee. "Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from Hot Springs in Republic of Korea." Microorganisms 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2022): 2375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122375.
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Thermophiles that produce extracellular hydrolases are of great importance due to their applications in various industries. Thermophilic enzymes are of interest for industrial applications due to their compatibility with industrial processes, and the availability of the organisms is essential to develop their full potential. In this study, a culture-dependent approach was used to identify thermophilic bacteria from five hot springs in Republic of Korea. Characterization, taxonomic identification, and extracellular hydrolase (amylase, lipase, and protease) activity of 29 thermophilic bacterial isolates from the Neungam carbonate, Mungang sulfur, Deokgu, Baegam, and Dongnae hot springs were investigated. Identification based on the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strains belonged to the phylum Bacillota and were classified as Aeribacillus, Bacillus, Caldibacillus, Geobacillus, and Thermoactinomyces genera. It was found that 22 isolates could produce at least one extracellular enzyme. Geobacillus, representing 41.4% of the isolates, was the most abundant. The highest amount of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes was secreted by strains of the genus Geobacillus, whereas Caldibacillus species produced the highest amount of amylolytic enzyme. The Geobacillus species producing hydrolytic extracellular enzymes appeared to be the most promising.
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Kha Mong, Tran, Le Thi Thanh Van, Nguyen Vu Phong, and Nguyen Huu Tri. "Isolation and molecular identification of obligate thermophiles from hot springs in Ba Ria – Vung Tau and Khanh Hoa provinces, Vietnam." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 20, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/15863.
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Environments with temperatures from 50°C to 80°C are rare in nature and are almost exclusively associated with geothermal regions including hot springs, solar-heated soils and volcanic areas. Thermophilic bacteria already exist and prefer in such habitats. Since innate tolerance to thermal environment and potential chassis for extracellular enzymes such as lipase, protease and amylase, which are utilized widely in the industrial fermentation, thermophilic bacteria have been becoming one of the objects for microbiologists worldwide, recently. This study aimed to isolate and identify thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in several provinces in Vietnam such as Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Khanh Hoa. In the results, six moderate thermophilic bacterial strains (namely BM7, BS5, NS1, NS3, NS4, and NW6) that could grow at 55oC were purified from the hot spring ecosystems. All micro morphology of isolates were recorded as rod-shaped, Gram positive, and endospore forming. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that these isolate belonged to group I of Bacillus genus (the thermophilic group). The isolated strains NS1, NS3, NS4, BS5, NW6 and BM7 were identified to belong to the Bacillus genus, species as Bacillus sp. Resulting strains are potential candidates for industrial applications due to its stable fitness in a hash environment, particularly at high temperature. In addition, this study provides a useful insight into the diverse community of thermophilic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) in several hot springs of Vietnam, that can be applied as bacterial cell factories to produce biomaterials, biofuels, or valuable compounds in the future.
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Shieh, Wung Yang, and Wen Dar Jean. "Alterococcus agarolyticus, gen.nov., sp.nov., a halophilic thermophilic bacterium capable of agar degradation." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-051.
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Five strains of facultatively anaerobic moderately thermophilic bacteria were isolated from two hot springs in the intertidal zone of Lutao, Taiwan. They produced extracellular agarase on agar medium, yielding reducing sugars and organic acids as the end products under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The growth temperature range was approximately 3858°C with an optimal temperature of about 48°C. The five strains tolerated a relatively narrow pH range from 7.0 to 8.5. They were Gram-negative halophiles growing optimally at 2.02.5% NaCl (ca. 0.340.43 M). They were capable of anaerobic growth by fermenting glucose and producing various organic acids such as butyrate, propionate, formate, lactate, and acetate. Cells grown in liquid medium were motile monotrichous cocci, normally 0.80.9 µm in diameter. They possessed saturated anteiso-15-carbon acid (anteiso-C15:0) as the most abundant cellular fatty acid (46.051.3 mo1%) and had G+C contents ranging from 65.5 to 67.0 mo1%. They are the first thermophiles found to degrade agar and also the first halophilic thermophilic bacteria known to be capable of both aerobic and anaerobic fermentative growth. These bacteria are considered to represent a new genus that we named Alterococcus, and Alterococcus agarolyticus is the type species. Key words: Alterococcus agarolyticus, thermophilic bacteria, halophilic bacteria, agar-degrading bacteria, fermentative bacteria.
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Murtiyaningsih, Hidayah, Laras Sekar Arum, and Rendi Anggriawan. "Selection of Polymerase-Producing Thermophilic Bacteria from Ijen Crater, East Java." Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47007/ijobb.v6i1.123.
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Thermophilic bacteria are a group of bacteria that adapt to environmental conditions with high temperatures, ranging from 45 ° - 90 ° C. as the ring of fire, Indonesia has many volcanic areas as the source of thermophilic bacteria, once is in Ijen Crater, East Java. Thermophilic bacteria have the potential to produce heat-resistant / thermostable enzymes such as polymerase. DNA polymerase is a key enzyme in amplification process of DNA fragment. The objective of this study was to found the novels thermophilic bacteria isolated from Ijen Crater which has potential to be the source of DNA polymerase production. This study was carried out by growing the bacterial strains on suitable media, followed with thermal screening (70-900C), isolating and identifying the morphological and molecular characteristics of the selected isolates. Total of 12 isolates have selected after thermal screening in 700C for, which were identified as positive and negative bacteria in gram staining assay. All the selected isolates found to have same colony color in white, but various types in shape, border, elevation, and border with. There were 4 isolates that selected after incubation in 900C for 30 minutes, which were isolate 1, 5, 9, and 11. The DNA genome of four selected isolates then amplified using universal primer (16S rDNA) and pol1 to detect the presence of gene encoding polymerase. The result indicated that isolate 1, 5, 9, 11 were able to be the candidate thermophilic bacteria to produce DNA polymerase.
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Lingga, Rahmad, Budi Afriyansyah, Reti Septiani, and Ina Miranti. "Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Asal Sumber Air Panas Non-Vulkanik." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 4, no. 2 (August 17, 2021): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v4i2.2423.
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This study aims to isolate and characterize bacteria that live in hot springs on Bangka Island. The research methods used include bacterial isolation; morphological characterization, Gram group determination and biochemical tests; identification; and thermophilic bacteria temperature resistance test. Hot water samples were obtained from 2 locations, namely Pemali Village and Permis Village. The hot water temperature range at both locations is between 38ºC to 52ºC. The results showed that 22 pure isolates were consisting of 9 isolates from Permis Village and 13 isolates from Pemali Village. In conclusion, the characterization results showed that all bacterial isolates were gram-negative bacteria with various biochemical characteristics.
Keywords: Thermophilic Bacteria, Non-Volcanic, Bangka Island
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Octarya, Zona, Sumaryati Syukur, and Endang Purwati. "Purifikasi Parsial Enzim Ekstraseluler (Anoxybacillus sp.) yang Diisolasi dari Sumber Air Panas Bukit Kili Solok serta Aplikasinya untuk Menghidrolisis Limbah Berserat." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 15, no. 2 (July 27, 2015): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.15.2.106-114.
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Termostable enzyme from thermophilic bacteria is very potential to improve technical enzyme in industry which used hightemperature. High water temperature exerts selection pressure on microbial species leading to specific flora that survivesand tolerates heat stress. The relative isolation and unique physical properties of Bukit Kili Ketek Hot Springs in Solok,West Sumatera may yield unique thermophiles. The generation of extracellular enzymatic bacterial is highly desirable forproduction of hydrolitic enzymes, which are useful in various industrial application and in animal feeds. This study,conducted to purify extracellular enzymes from thermophilic bacteria (Anoxybacillus sp.). This bacteria was isolated inBukit Kili Ketek Hot Springs, and after identified by analysis of 16S rRNA gene, 97% of similiarty with Anoxybacillus sp.was of obtained. The temperature of the hot waters was 52°C and the pH was 8. Extracellular and hydrolytic enzymeproduction were screened by qualitative SDS-PAGE method. SDS-PAGE analysis gave protein bands at ±110 kDa, ±80 kDa,±60 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, and ±10 kDa, respectively. Extracellular enzymes were used to degrade cellulose waste. Thecellulose activity for degradation of baggasse and pineapple pulp was 0,451 IU/mL and 0,310 IU/mL at 50°C and pH 6.
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Zang, Xiangyun, Meiting Liu, Han Wang, Yihong Fan, Haichang Zhang, Jiawen Liu, Enlu Xing, Xiuhong Xu, and Hongtao Li. "The distribution of active β-glucosidase-producing microbial communities in composting." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 12 (December 2017): 998–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0368.
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The composting ecosystem is a suitable source for the discovery of novel microorganisms and secondary metabolites. Cellulose degradation is an important part of the global carbon cycle, and β-glucosidases complete the final step of cellulose hydrolysis by converting cellobiose to glucose. This work analyzes the succession of β-glucosidase-producing microbial communities that persist throughout cattle manure – rice straw composting, and evaluates their metabolic activities and community advantage during the various phases of composting. Fungal and bacterial β-glucosidase genes belonging to glycoside hydrolase families 1 and 3 (GH1 and GH3) amplified from DNA were classified and gene abundance levels were analyzed. The major reservoirs of β-glucosidase genes were the fungal phylum Ascomycota and the bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Deinococcus–Thermus. This indicates that a diverse microbial community utilizes cellobiose. The succession of dominant bacteria was also detected during composting. Firmicutes was the dominant bacteria in the thermophilic phase of composting; there was a shift to Actinomycetes in the maturing stage. Proteobacteria accounted for the highest proportions during the heating and thermophilic phases of composting. By contrast, the fungal phylum Ascomycota was a minor microbial community constituent in thermophilic phase of composting. Combined with the analysis of the temperature, cellulose degradation rate and the carboxymethyl cellulase and β-glucosidase activities showed that the bacterial GH1 family β-glucosidase genes make greater contribution in cellulose degradation at the later thermophilic stage of composting. In summary, even GH1 bacteria families β-glucosidase genes showing low abundance in DNA may be functionally important in the later thermophilic phase of composting. The results indicate that a complex community of bacteria and fungi expresses β-glucosidases in compost. Several β-glucosidase-producing bacteria and fungi identified in this study may represent potential indicators of composting in cellulose degradation.
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Brochier-Armanet, Céline, and Patrick Forterre. "Widespread distribution of archaeal reverse gyrase in thermophilic bacteria suggests a complex history of vertical inheritance and lateral gene transfers." Archaea 2, no. 2 (2006): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/582916.
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Reverse gyrase, an enzyme of uncertain funtion, is present in all hyperthermophilic archaea and bacteria. Previous phylogenetic studies have suggested that the gene for reverse gyrase has an archaeal origin and was transferred laterally (LGT) to the ancestors of the two bacterial hyperthermophilic phyla, Thermotogales and Aquificales. Here, we performed an in-depth analysis of the evolutionary history of reverse gyrase in light of genomic progress. We found genes coding for reverse gyrase in the genomes of several thermophilic bacteria that belong to phyla other than Aquificales and Thermotogales. Several of these bacteria are not, strictly speaking, hyperthermophiles because their reported optimal growth temperatures are below 80 °C. Furthermore, we detected a reverse gyrase gene in the sequence of the large plasmid ofThermus thermophilusstrain HB8, suggesting a possible mechanism of transfer to theT. thermophilusstrain HB8 involving plasmids and transposases. The archaeal part of the reverse gyrase tree is congruent with recent phylogenies of the archaeal domain based on ribosomal proteins or RNA polymerase subunits. Although poorly resolved, the complete reverse gyrase phylogeny suggests an ancient acquisition of the gene by bacteria via one or two LGT events, followed by its secondary distribution by LGT within bacteria. Finally, several genes of archaeal origin located in proximity to the reverse gyrase gene in bacterial genomes have bacterial homologues mostly in thermophiles or hyperthermophiles, raising the possibility that they were co-transferred with the reverse gyrase gene. Our new analysis of the reverse gyrase history strengthens the hypothesis that the acquisition of reverse gyrase may have been a crucial evolutionary step in the adaptation of bacteria to high-temperature environments. However, it also questions the role of this enzyme in thermophilic bacteria and the selective advantage its presence could provide.
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McMullan, G., J. M. Christie, T. J. Rahman, I. M. Banat, N. G. Ternan, and R. Marchant. "Habitat, applications and genomics of the aerobic, thermophilic genus Geobacillus." Biochemical Society Transactions 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0320214.
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Thermophilic bacteria belonging to Bacillus genetic group 5 have been reclassified as being members of Geobacillus gen. nov., with G. stearothermophilus as the type strain. Geobacillus species, literally meaning earth or soil Bacillus, are widely distributed and readily isolated from natural and man-made thermophilic biotopes. Work within our group has however shown that an abundance of genetically distinct Geobacillus isolates can be obtained from temperate Irish soils. As with many thermophiles there is considerable interest in potential industrial application of these bacteria and their gene products. This review describes two novel applications for Geobacillus isolates, firstly in the metabolism of the herbicide glyphosate and secondly in the metabolism of quorum-sensing signal molecules from Gram-negative bacteria. Finally the current state of the art is described for Bacillus genomics, with details given of three independent genome-sequencing projects of Geobacillus isolates.
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Rehse, Peter H., Maki Kumei, and Tahir H. Tahirov. "Compact reduced thioredoxin structure from the thermophilic bacteria Thermus thermophilus." Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 61, no. 4 (October 21, 2005): 1032–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20623.
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Bai, Jing, Jiang Kang Wen, Song Tao Huang, Biao Wu, and Bo Wei Chen. "The Bioleaching Characteristics of Chalcopyrite with Different Genetic Types." Advanced Materials Research 825 (October 2013): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.443.
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The copper extraction yield from thermophilic bioleaching of chalcopyrite depends on temperature, pH, and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), the activity of the thermophile used, as well as on the different genetic type of the chalcopyrite used. The bioleaching characteristics of chalcopyrite from marine volcanic type and porphyry type, and the influence of genetic type on microbial community were studied. The results indicated that the bioleaching of chalcopyrite is controlled by the ORP rather than by the pH. The thermophiles composition of marine volcanic type bioleaching wasMetallosphaeracuprinaandSulfobus spHB59.Metallosphaeracuprinawas the dominate bacteria during porphyry chalcopyrite bioleaching. The different leachability between marine volcanic type and porphyry type is attributed to their nature which caused by genetic type.
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Suddin, Simanjuntak, Yermia Semuel Mokosuli, Welerubun Marcelina, Naharia Orbanus, and Kapahang Ardi. "Molecular Barcoding Based 16S rRNA Gene of Thermophilic Bacteria from Vulcanic Sites, Linow Lake, Tomohon." Materials Science Forum 967 (August 2019): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.967.83.
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Thermophilic bacteria live at temperatures above 450 C. Many investigations focused on their potential as sources of highly active enzymes ‘termostable enzyme’ and other products such as antibiotics and compatible solutes. Lake Linow is an active volcanic lake located in Tomohon City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Lake Linow becomes the habitat of thermophilic bacteria. A study has been conducted to obtain isolates of thermophilic bacteria and to identifikasi berdasarkan gen 16 s RNA. Bacterial DNA extraction procedure using the Presto TM Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit Geneaid protocol, with modifications. Amplification of 16s RNA gene using PCR method. Visualization of 16 s RNA amplicon genes with automatic electrophoresis capiler Qiaxel, Qiagen. Sequencing was carried out using Singapore's First BASE Sequencing service. The results showed that IL2 isolates and IL3 isolates could live up to 700C. Alignment analysis results using NCAST BLBI IL2 isolates showed 99% similarity with Bacillus thuringiensis strain H2682 (accession number CP009720.1). While isolate of IL3 thermophilic bacteria showed 94% similarity with Bacillus licheniformis strain 14DA11 (accession number CP023168.1). The results of phylogeny reconstruction with neighbor joining method, gene sequence 16S rRNA isolate IL2 showed the closest relation with Bacillus thuringiensis strain HD1011 (accession number CP009335.1). While IL3 isolate showed the closest relation with Bacillus licheniformis strain 14DA11 (accession number CP023168.1).
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Lyon, Pierre-François, Trello Beffa, Michel Blanc, Georg Auling, and Michel Aragno. "Isolation and characterization of highly thermophilic xylanolyticThermus thermophilusstrains from hot composts." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 46, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 1029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w00-075.
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This is the first detailed report of xylanolytic activity in Thermus strains. Two highly thermophilic xylanolytic bacteria, very closely related to non-xylanolytic T. thermophilus strains, have been isolated from the hottest zones of compost piles. Strain X6 was investigated in more detail. The growth rate (optical density monitoring) on xylan was 0.404·h-1at 75°C. Maximal growth temperature was 81°C. Xylanase activity was mainly cell-bound, but was solubilized into the medium by sonication. It was induced by xylan or xylose in the culture medium. The temperature and pH optima of the xylanases were determined to be around 100°C and pH 6, respectively. Xylanase activity was fairly thermostable; only 39% of activity was lost after an incubation period of 48 h at 90°C in the absence of substrate. Xylanolytic T. thermophilus strains could contribute to the degradation of hemicellulose during the thermogenic phase of industrial composting.Key words: Thermus, thermophilic aerobic bacteria, xylanase, thermostable enzyme, compost.
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Lande, Fidhia Rara, Wahyu Widayat, and Yurika Sastyarina. "Isolasi Bakteri Termofilik dari Tanah Hutan Mangrove." Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences 10 (February 5, 2020): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v10i1.383.
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Mangrove forest soil is a habitat and source of diversity of microorganisms, including thermophilic bacteria. The utilization of thermophilic bacteria has been carried out in the pharmaceutical field, especially as a source of raw materials for pharmaceutical products. This study aims to provide an overview of the population of thermophilic bacteria found in mangrove forest soils. Soil samples were obtained by random stratification with a depth of 5-10 cm at 9 points from 3 strata. The isolation media used were Starch Casein Agar (SCA), and the groups of bacteria determined by using the Gram staining method. The selected thermophilic bacteria from mangrove forest soil totaling 64 isolates consisted of Gram-negative that divides into 20 bacilli, 9 cocci, 6 vibrios, and Gram-positive consisted of 26 bacilli, 3 cocci. The highest population of thermophilic bacteria from mangrove forest soils was Gram-negative as many as 35 isolates.
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Kurtböke, D. I., N. E. Murphy, and K. Sivasithamparam. "Use of bacteriophage for the selective isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes from composted eucalyptus bark." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-007.
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A method was developed to reduce the numbers of thermophilic bacteria on isolation plates, which in turn facilitated the detection and isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes. The method involves exposing the test material to bacteriophage suspensions prior to inoculation on isolation plates. This method was applied to composted eucalyptus bark samples, which were then inoculated on R8 and 1/2 TSA + 0.2% casein hydrolysate agar plates. The phage susceptibility of thermophilic bacteria provided a selective means of reducing their numbers on isolation plates and hence increased the numbers of Thermomonospora, Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, and thermophilic Streptomyces spp. on these media in comparison with the numbers recorded from control plates.Key words: bacteriophage, thermophilic bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, composted eucalyptus bark.
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Al-Mulla, Ahmed Anwar, and Ashraf Khalifa. "Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria Indigenous to Al-Ahsa Desert." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 14, no. 3 (August 28, 2020): 2157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.14.3.56.
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Deciphering the biological resources across the Saudi niches is highly recommended for the prosperity. To this end, the aim of the current work was to isolate thermophilic bacteria from unexplored areas of Al-Ahsa region, and investigate their phenotypic characteristics. Three soil samples were collected from different desert sites of Al-Ahsa region. Thermophilic bacteria were isolated directly for soil samples into Thermus medium broth as a standard method. Single colonies of the actively growing bacterial isolates were preserved in 20% glycerol then kept at -80°C. The isolates were screened for production of thermostable enzymes using the commercially available kit API20E strip (bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). Incubation were carried out at 50°C. It can be concluded that thermophilic bacteria in Al-Ahsa region harbor novel thermostable enzymes that might have biotechnological applications, in future.
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Runtuboi, Dirk Y. P., Tri Gunaedi, Maria Simonapendi, and Nadya N. L. Pakpahan. "Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Termofilik dari Sumber Air Panas di Moso Distrik Muara Tami Kota Jayapura Provinsi Papua." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 10, no. 2 (December 24, 2018): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.474.
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Thermophilic bacteria are bacteria that are able to survive in environmental conditions with high temperatures. Thermophilic bacteria are one of the important sources of thermostable enzymes that can be isolated from geothermal environments such as hot springs with temperatures ranging from 50–80 oC. Aims of the study to isolate and identify local isolates of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Moso Muara Tami District, Papua. The results showed that 7 isolates (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, and B3) that were isolated and identified based on phenotypic characters were included in the genus Bacillus. Key words: Thermophilic, characterization, isolation, identification, phenotypic.
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Gu, Guo Hua, Hui Sha Yang, and Chong Qing Wang. "Bioleaching of Pyrrhotite by Moderately and Extremely Thermophilic Bacteria." Advanced Materials Research 825 (October 2013): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.274.
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Pyrrhotite ores are always mingled with very finely disseminated gold and other precious metal particles, which raise the disposal of such refractory ores to bacterial leaching level. In this paper, the bioleaching tests of pyrrhotite were carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks with moderately thermophilic Leptospirillum ferriphilum (at 40°C) and extremely thermophilic Acidianus manzaensis(at 65°C). The effects of bacterial strains, temperature, and acid tolerance on the extraction of iron were investigated, and the bioleaching residues were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that high temperature and low pH have important positive effects on the dissolution of iron under abiotic control, and extreme thermophilies are unsuitable for leaching pyrrhotite. As the pH value rapidly increased to above 4.4 and amounts of sulfur and goethite were generated at the initial stage during the process of bioleaching by A. manzaensis, the cell concentration dramatically declined. In comparison, more than 44% extraction of iron was achieved in the presence of L. ferriphilumafter four days of leaching. At the end of bioleaching, jarosite, sulfur and goethite, which could effectively block bioleaching process, were detected on the surface of residues by using XRD and SEM.
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TSUKAMOTO, Takashi, and Yuki SUDO. "Retinal Proteins in Thermophilic Bacteria." Seibutsu Butsuri 55, no. 2 (2015): 092–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.55.092.
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Meraz, M., O. Monroy, A. Noyola, and K. Ilangovan. "Studies on the dynamics of immobilization of anaerobic bacteria on a plastic support." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 8 (October 1, 1995): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0309.
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The paper presents a comparative study of the immobilization dynamics of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic bacteria. The support used was fine polyethylene particles and the immobilization system was a down flow fluidized bed. The maximum acetoclastic specific activity of the mesophilic bioparticles was of 0.0083 mmol acetate/mg VSS/h while for the thermophilic bioparticles was near zero. The final immobilized VSS content for both system was around 45 mg/g dry support. The substrate affinity determined only for mesophilic bioparticles was of 68 mg COD/1; for the thermophilic bioparticles could not be determined due to the low acetoclastic rates presented. The SEM studies showed that predominantly the bacterial group attached was Methanothrix-like bacilli, and the mesophilic was structurally different from the thermophilic one.
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Ginting, Elvy Like. "Screening and Characterization of Proteolytic Thermophiles Bacteria from Moinit Coastal Hot-Spring, North Sulawesi." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 8, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.8.1.2020.28628.
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Thermophilic bacteria have been recognized as the ideal producers of thermostable enzymes and therefore they have a long time become an interesting target for research. Thermophilic proteolytic bacteria from Moinit coastal hot-spring North Sulawesi Indonesia have been isolated and some of them, have been identified and reported. In this research, we reported another eleven thermophilic proteolytic bacteria from Moinit coastal hot-spring, North Sulawesi, Indonesia which designated as 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 11a, 11b, 16a, 16b, and 16c. Those thermophilic proteolytic bacteria had different colony and cell morphology characteristics, and biochemical characteristics. Bacterial isolate 1a, 1b, 2a, 16a and 16c were Gram negative-bacilli, 3a, 3b and 11b were Gram positive-bacilli, 4a, 11a and 16b were Gram positive-coccus. These bacterial isolates could produce proteolytic activities at 55oC. This showed their ability to produce thermostable protease extracellularly which has the potential to explore biotechnological industries.Keywords: Moinit, protease, screening, thermophilic ABSTRAKBakteri termofilik dikenal sebagai produsen enzim termostabil dan menjadi target yang menarik untuk diteliti. Bakteri proteolitik termofil dari sumber air panas pantai Moinit Sulawesi Utara telah berhasil diisolasi dan bahkan 5 isolat bakteri telah diidentifikasi dan dilaporkan. Dalam tulisan ini, diuraikan sebelas isolat bakteri proteolitik termofil lainnya dalam kemampuannya menghasilkan protease dan karakteristik bakteri tersebut. Kesebelas bakteri adalah 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 11a, 11b, 16b, 16b, 16b, dan 16c yang menunjukkan karakteristik morfologi koloni dan sel bakteri, serta karakteristik biokimia yang berbeda. Isolat 1a, 1b, 2a, 16a, 16c adalah Gram negatif-basil, isolat 3a, 3b, 11b adalah Gram positif-basil, dan isolat 4a, 11a,16b adalah Gram positif-kokus. Keseluruhan isolat bakteri ini memiliki kemampuan aktivitas proteolitik pada 55oC. Hal ini menunjukkan kemampuan bakteri tersebut dalam menghasilkan protease termostabil ekstraseluler yang berpotensi untuk dieksplorasi dalam pemanfaatannya dalam bidang industri bioteknologi.Kata kunci: Moinit, protease, penapisan, termofilik
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Nunes, O. C., C. M. Manaia, M. S. Da Costa, and H. Santos. "Compatible Solutes in the Thermophilic Bacteria Rhodothermus marinus and "Thermus thermophilus"." Applied and environmental microbiology 61, no. 6 (1995): 2351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.6.2351-2357.1995.
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SKEENS, JORDAN W., MARTIN WIEDMANN, and NICOLE H. MARTIN. "Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Dairy Powders Can Be Found in Bacteriological Grade Agar–Agar Supply." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 12 (July 14, 2020): 2074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-195.
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ABSTRACT Thermophilic spore-forming bacteria are found ubiquitously in natural environments and, therefore, are present in a number of agricultural food products. Spores produced by these bacteria can survive harsh environmental conditions encountered during food processing and have been implicated in food spoilage. During research efforts to develop a standardized method for enumerating spores in dairy powders, the dairy powder–associated thermophilic sporeformer Anoxybacillus flavithermus was discovered growing in uninoculated control plates of tryptic soy agar (TSA) supplemented with 1% (w/v) starch, after incubation at thermophilic (55°C) growth temperatures. This article reports the investigation into the source of this thermophilic sporeformer in TSA medium components and characterization of the bacterial isolates collected. Aqueous solutions of tryptic soy broth powder from four suppliers and four agar–agar powders (two manufacturing lots from one supplier [agar A_1 and agar A_2] and two from separate suppliers [agar B and agar C]) were subjected to two different autoclave cycle times (121°C for 15 min or 121°C for 30 min) and then prepared as TSA. After incubation at 55°C for 48 h, bacterial growth was observed only in media prepared from both lots of agar A agar–agar powder, and only when they were subjected to a 15-min autoclave cycle, implicating these powders as a source of the sporeformer contamination. Genetic characterization of 49 isolates obtained indicated the presence of five unique rpoB allelic types of the thermophilic sporeformer Geobacillus spp. in agar–agar powder from agar A. These results not only highlight the importance of microbiological controls but also alert researchers to the potential for survival of thermophilic sporeformers such as Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus in microbiological media used for detection and enumeration of these same thermophilic sporeformers in products such as dairy powders. HIGHLIGHTS
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Vetriani, Costantino, Yein S. Chew, Susan M. Miller, Jane Yagi, Jonna Coombs, Richard A. Lutz, and Tamar Barkay. "Mercury Adaptation among Bacteria from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 1 (January 2005): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.1.220-226.2005.
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ABSTRACT Since deep-sea hydrothermal vent fluids are enriched with toxic metals, it was hypothesized that (i) the biota in the vicinity of a vent is adapted to life in the presence of toxic metals and (ii) metal toxicity is modulated by the steep physical-chemical gradients that occur when anoxic, hot fluids are mixed with cold oxygenated seawater. We collected bacterial biomass at different distances from a diffuse flow vent at 9�N on the East Pacific Rise and tested these hypotheses by examining the effect of mercuric mercury [Hg(II)] on vent bacteria. Four of six moderate thermophiles, most of which were vent isolates belonging to the genus Alcanivorax, and six of eight mesophiles from the vent plume were resistant to >10 μM Hg(II) and reduced it to elemental mercury [Hg(0)]. However, four psychrophiles that were isolated from a nearby inactive sulfide structure were Hg(II) sensitive. A neighbor-joining tree constructed from the deduced amino acids of a PCR-amplified fragment of merA, the gene encoding the mercuric reductase (MR), showed that sequences obtained from the vent moderate thermophiles formed a unique cluster (bootstrap value, 100) in the MR phylogenetic tree, which expanded the known diversity of this locus. The temperature optimum for Hg(II) reduction by resting cells and MR activity in crude cell extracts of a vent moderate thermophile corresponded to its optimal growth temperature, 45�C. However, the optimal temperature for activity of the MR encoded by transposon Tn501 was found to be 55 to 65�C, suggesting that, in spite of its original isolation from a mesophile, this MR is a thermophilic enzyme that may represent a relic of early evolution in high-temperature environments. Results showing that there is enrichment of Hg(II) resistance among vent bacteria suggest that these bacteria have an ecological role in mercury detoxification in the vent environment and, together with the thermophilicity of MR, point to geothermal environments as a likely niche for the evolution of bacterial mercury resistance.
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Sekiguchi, Yuji, Yoichi Kamagata, Kazunori Nakamura, Akiyoshi Ohashi, and Hideki Harada. "Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Using 16S rRNA-Targeted Oligonucleotides Reveals Localization of Methanogens and Selected Uncultured Bacteria in Mesophilic and Thermophilic Sludge Granules." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 1280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.3.1280-1288.1999.
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ABSTRACT 16S rRNA-targeted in situ hybridization combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to elucidate the spatial distribution of microbes within two types of methanogenic granular sludge, mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (55°C), in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors fed with sucrose-, acetate-, and propionate-based artificial wastewater. The spatial organization of the microbes was visualized in thin sections of the granules by using fluorescent oligonucleotide probes specific to several phylogenetic groups of microbes. In situ hybridization with archaeal- and bacterial-domain probes within granule sections clearly showed that both mesophilic and thermophilic granules had layered structures and that the outer layer harbored mainly bacterial cells while the inner layer consisted mainly of archaeal cells. Methanosaeta-,Methanobacterium-, Methanospirillum-, andMethanosarcina-like cells were detected with oligonucleotide probes specific for the different groups of methanogens, and they were found to be localized inside the granules, in both types of which dominant methanogens were members of the genusMethanosaeta. For specific detection of bacteria which were previously detected by whole-microbial-community 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-cloning analysis (Y. Sekiguchi, Y. Kamagata, K. Syutsubo, A. Ohashi, H. Harada, and K. Nakamura, Microbiology 144:2655–2665, 1998) we designed probes specific for clonal 16S rDNAs related to unidentified green nonsulfur bacteria and clones related toSyntrophobacter species. The probe designed for the cluster closely related to Syntrophobacter species hybridized with coccoid cells in the inner layer of the mesophilic granule sections. The probe for the unidentified bacteria which were clustered with the green nonsulfur bacteria detected filamentous cells in the outermost layer of the thermophilic sludge granule sections. These results revealed the spatial organizations of methanogens and uncultivated bacteria and their in situ morphologies and metabolic functions in both mesophilic and thermophilic granular sludges.
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Olsson, J., S. Schwede, E. Nehrenheim, and E. Thorin. "Microalgae as biological treatment for municipal wastewater – effects on the sludge handling in a treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 3 (July 24, 2018): 644–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.334.
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Abstract A mix of microalgae and bacteria was cultivated on pre-sedimented municipal wastewater in a continuous operated microalgae-activated sludge process. The excess material from the process was co-digested with primary sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in semi-continuous mode (5 L digesters). Two reference digesters (5 L digesters) fed with waste-activated sludge (WAS) and primary sludge were operated in parallel. The methane yield was slightly reduced (≈10%) when the microalgal-bacterial substrate was used in place of the WAS in thermophilic conditions, but remained approximately similar in mesophilic conditions. The uptake of heavy metals was higher with the microalgal-bacterial substrate in comparison to the WAS, which resulted in higher levels of heavy metals in the digestates. The addition of microalgal-bacterial substrate enhanced the dewaterability in thermophilic conditions. Finally, excess heat can be recovered in both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
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Yin, Yanan, Jie Gu, Xiaojuan Wang, Xiaxia Tuo, Kaiyu Zhang, Li Zhang, Aiyun Guo, and Xin Zhang. "Effects of copper on the composition and diversity of microbial communities in laboratory-scale swine manure composting." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 6 (June 2018): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0622.
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This study investigated the effects of adding copper at 3 treatment levels (0 (control: CK), 200 (low: L), and 2000 (high: H) mg·kg−1 treatments) on the bacterial communities during swine manure composting. The abundances of the bacteria were determined by quantitative PCR and their compositions were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the abundance of bacteria was inhibited by the H treatment during days 7–35, and principal component analysis clearly separated the H treatment from the CK and L treatments. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial taxa, and a high copper concentration decreased the abundances of bacteria that degrade cellulose and lignin (e.g., class Bacilli and genus Truepera), especially in the mesophilic and thermophilic phases. Moreover, network analysis showed that copper might alter the co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities by changing the properties of the networks and the keystone taxa, and increase the competition by increasing negative associations between bacteria during composting. Temperature, water-soluble carbohydrates, and copper significantly affected the variations in the bacterial community according to redundancy analysis. The copper content mainly contributed to the bacterial community in the thermophilic and cooling phases, where it had positive relationships with potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Corynebacterium_1 and Acinetobacter).