Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thermografic Camera

Academic literature on the topic 'Thermografic Camera'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermografic Camera"

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Yastikli, Naci, and Esra Guler. "Performance evaluation of thermographic cameras for photogrammetric documentation of historical buildings." Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas 19, no. 4 (December 2013): 711–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1982-217020130004000012.

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Thermographic cameras record temperatures emitted by objects in the infrared region. These thermal images can be used for texture analysis and deformation caused by moisture and isolation problems. For accurate geometric survey of the deformations, the geometric calibration and performance evaluation of the thermographic camera should be conducted properly. In this study, an approach is proposed for the geometric calibration of the thermal cameras for the geometric survey of deformation caused by moisture. A 3D test object was designed and used for the geometric calibration and performance evaluation. The geometric calibration parameters, including focal length, position of principal point, and radial and tangential distortions, were determined for both the thermographic and the digital camera. The digital image rectification performance of the thermographic camera was tested for photogrammetric documentation of deformation caused by moisture. The obtained results from the thermographic camera were compared with the results from digital camera based on the experimental investigation performed on a study area.
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Dziarski, Krzysztof, and Joanna Parzych. "The solutions used for long wave thermographic cameras designed for observing elements in SMD housings." ITM Web of Conferences 19 (2018): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20181901038.

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The article presents example detector matrices used in long wave thermographic cameras facilitating observations of elements enclosed in SMD housings. Infrared radiation detector matrices parameters and an optical system used in modern long wave thermographic cameras are discussed. The criteria for selecting camera parameters and their impact on the performed measurement are considered.
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Dolgov, I. M., M. G. Volovik, O. V. Nikitina, and T. P. Shkurat. "Thermography screening of thyroid gland: how to distinguish health from pathology." Medical alphabet 3, no. 29 (November 17, 2019): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-3-29(404)-32-39.

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This research is organized to investigate if the thermal gradient (Tgrad) (difference between temperature maximum and minimum in the region of interest over thyroid gland on neck thermogramm) could be a marker of normal/ abnormal thyroid function and, if so, find out the cut-off value and check it screening validity.Materials and methods. Thermography examination was performed using a TVS-300 med (S-Petersburg, Russia) thermal imaging camera with a resolution of 384 × 288 pixels and sensitivity was <0.04 °C according to European Association of Thermology standards. Anterior neck thermografic images were performed and collected in cloud database, where, by mean of program tools, region of interest were marked and Tgrad calculated. Totally 1025 pts with different thyroid pathology (group 1: female 944, age 15–90 (55,4±15,8), male 81, age 14–86 (53,6±18,8)), and 395 healthy persons (group 2: male 324 age 17–26 (21,8±4,4), female 71 age 16–70т (34,6±12,7)) were investigated. To check the quality of the model another 314 persons (18 male and 296 female) were studied in screening mode.Results. Calculated Tgrad value was 1,65±0,53 °C, Ме 1,53(1,24; 1,90) and 0,98±0,23 °C, Me 1,01(0,82; 1,15) for group 1 and 2 accordingly. By mean of binary logistic regression analysis we found good correlation between Tgrad value and presence/absence of thyroid pathology: significance level р<0,0001, χ² = 838,84, df = 1, β 0 = 9,984, β 1 = –9,033. Area under curve in ROC analysis was 0,922 (95 % CI 0,908; 0,935), р<0,001; optimal cut off value for Tgrad was 1,21 °C for maximal sensitivity (79,8 %) and specificity (83,3 %). In screening evaluation, according to optimal cut-off value 1,2 °C for Tgrad , 82,2 % of cases were classified correctly: true-positive and true-negative results were achieved in 258 from 314 pts.Conclusion. Thermography test, based on Tgrad value calculation, could help to distinguish persons with normal and abnormal function of thyroid gland.
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König, Sebastian, Berndt Gutschwager, Richard Dieter Taubert, and Jörg Hollandt. "Metrological characterization and calibration of thermographic cameras for quantitative temperature measurement." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-425-2020.

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Abstract. We present the metrological characterization and calibration of three different types of thermographic cameras for quantitative temperature measurement traceable to the International Temperature Scale (ITS-90). Relevant technical specifications – i.e., the non-uniformity of the pixel-to-pixel responsivity, the inhomogeneity equivalent temperature difference (IETD), the noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD), and the size-of-source effect (SSE) – are determined according to the requirements given in the series of Technical Directives VDI/VDE 5585. The measurements are performed with the camera calibration facility of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. The data reference method is applied for the determination and improvement of the non-uniformity, leading to an improved IETD for all three cameras. Finally, the cameras are calibrated according to the different procedures discussed in the VDI/VDE 5585 series. Results achieved with the different calibration procedures are compared for each type of camera and among the three cameras. An uncertainty budget for the calibration of each camera is given according to GUM (ISO, 1995) and VDI/VDE 5585.
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Guerra, Victor, Jaime R. Ticay-Rivas, Victor Alonso-Eugenio, and Rafael Perez-Jimenez. "Characterization and Performance of a Thermal Camera Communication System." Sensors 20, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 3288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113288.

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This work presents a novel communications technology named Thermal Camera Communication (TCC), which is analogous to Optical Camera Communication (OCC). Thermographic cameras and Peltier cells are proposed as receiver and transmitter, respectively, changing completely their usual field of application. Furthermore, a comprehensive characterization of the Peltier–Thermal camera pair is carried out, presenting their bandwidth, achievable data rate under On-Off-Keying (OOK) modulation, noise characteristics, and energy efficiency. A comparison against the current state-of-the-art OCC technology is also provided, showing that TCC is a promising technology suitable for sensor networks. The thorough analysis of TCC performed in this work shows that commercial Peltier cells can be re-thought under a communications viewpoint in order to improve their performance. This novel communication technology can be applied in environments such as the access to public transportation or buildings due to the new health emergency situation. The use of thermographic cameras will become massive and dual measurement and communication purposes could be considered for applications such as sensor networks, using a yet unexploited wavelength range.
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Nunak, N., K. Roonprasang, T. Suesut, and T. Nunak. "Emissivity Estimation Using Thermographic Camera." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.380.

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This paper proposes a method based on the spectra response of IR detectors mounted on thermographic camera for emissivity measurement at various target surface temperatures, while the reflected temperature istaken into account, and also studies on the effect of surface roughness on the emissivity value. The emissivity (ε8-14μm) of general engineering material such as iron, stainless steel, brass, copper and aluminum obtained in this paper are in agreement with other literatures. Finally, results found that the roughness and emissivity of equipment increases with increasing of the operating time.
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Brili, Nika, Mirko Ficko, and Simon Klančnik. "Automatic Identification of Tool Wear Based on Thermography and a Convolutional Neural Network during the Turning Process." Sensors 21, no. 5 (March 9, 2021): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051917.

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This article presents a control system for a cutting tool condition supervision, which recognises tool wear automatically during turning. We used an infrared camera for process control, which—unlike common cameras—captures the thermographic state, in addition to the visual state of the process. Despite challenging environmental conditions (e.g., hot chips) we protected the camera and placed it right up to the cutting knife, so that machining could be observed closely. During the experiment constant cutting conditions were set for the dry machining of workpiece (low alloy carbon steel 1.7225 or 42CrMo4). To build a dataset of over 9000 images, we machined on a lathe with tool inserts of different wear levels. Using a convolutional neural network (CNN), we developed a model for tool wear and tool damage prediction. It determines the state of a cutting tool automatically (none, low, medium, high wear level), based on thermographic process data. The accuracy of classification was 99.55%, which affirms the adequacy of the proposed method. Such a system enables immediate action in the case of cutting tool wear or breakage, regardless of the operator’s knowledge and competence.
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Rochatka, Tomasz. "Measurements of heterogeneous heat streams permeating through damage to refrigerated bodies." Journal of Automation, Electronics and Electrical Engineering 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/jaeee.2019.003.

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This paper presents a description of the author's method of determining the heat flux penetrating the partition on the basis of a thermographic image. The method is based on a comparison of the temperatures of two areas, one of which is a heat-loaded area with a known heat flux (measured in this case by means of a heating box) and the other control area that was not heat-loaded. Based on preliminary tests, a "calibration" of the method based on differential measurements was carried out using a thermographic camera. Two areas were observed with a thermographic camera, one of which was thermally loaded with various heat fluxes and temperature increases were observed using a thermographic camera in relation to the surface temperature of an identical reference plate but not thermally loaded. As a result of "calibration", a relationship arose that linked the temperature difference with a registered thermographic camera to the heat flux measured with the heating box. The new method was validated by making subsequent series of measurements, this time with models of heat bridges that most often occur in refrigerated bodies and after determining the heat flux, the calculated values were compared with the results of measurements with a heating box.
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Švejdová, Kateřina, Miloslav Šoch, Anna Šimková, Luboš Zábranský, Pavel Novák, Jan Brouček, Bohuslav Čermák, Václav Pálka, and Kristýna Šimák-Líbalová. "MEASURING THE BODY SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF ANIMALS USING A THERMOGRAPHIC CAMERA." Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2013-0017.

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Abstract in this experiment it was used contactless measurement method using a thermographic camera. Surface temperatures were recorded from three different parts of the animal,(the surface of the core body, the eyes and the udde)r. The aim of this study was to determine how much the temperature values that are obtained using the thermographic camera are accurate.. Its accuracy depends on many factors such as particularly good settings of the thermographic camera, a microclimate of environment, an emissivity of measured object, the character and colour of the coat or the degree of muscles. It was also monitor the correlation of the measured surface temperatures with a rectal temperature, which is an indicative of the internal body temperature.
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Bieszczad, Grzegorz, and Mariusz Kastek. "Measurement of Thermal Behavior of Detector Array Surface with the Use of Microscopic Thermal Camera." Metrology and Measurement Systems 18, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 679–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10178-011-0064-6.

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Measurement of Thermal Behavior of Detector Array Surface with the Use of Microscopic Thermal Camera Modern infrared cameras are constructed with two main types of infrared detectors: photon detectors and thermal detectors. Because of economic reasons, vast numbers of modern thermal cameras are constructed with the use of infrared microbolometric detectors which belong to the group of thermal detectors. Thermal detectors detect incident infrared radiation by measuring changes of temperature on the surface of a special micro-bridge structure. Thermal detectors, like microbolometric detectors on one hand should be sensitive to changing temperature to accurately measure incoming infrared radiation from the observed scene, on the other hand there are many other phenomena that change the temperature of the detector and influence the overall response of the detector. In order to construct an accurate infrared camera, there is a need to evaluate these phenomena and quantify their influence. In the article the phenomenon of self heating due to the operation of the readout circuit is analyzed on an UL 03 19 1 detector. The theoretical analysis is compared with the results of conducted measurements. Measurements with a type SC7900VL thermographic camera were performed to measure the thermodynamic behavior of the UL 03 19 1 detector array.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermografic Camera"

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Berndtsson, Therese. "Thermographic Measurements of Hot Materials Using a Low- to High-speed RGB-camera : Prospect of RGB-cameras Within the Field of Thermographic Measurements." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74655.

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Monitoring the thermal behavior of material while heated or cooled is of great importance in order to understand the structural behavior of materials. This thesis aims to investigate the prospects for imaging hot materials using an RGB-camera. The main motivation of using an RGB-camera is the very simple set-up and, in comparison to thermal IR-cameras, low price. A method and code enabling thermographic measurements in the temperature range of 800°C up to 1500°C has been produced. Calibration of the RGB-camera was made, the accuracy was predicted to be poor within the temperature range of 1000°C up to about 1200°C. The poor accuracy of the calibration within this range has its source in the non-linear (and irregular) response of the CMOS sensor prohibiting a valid exposure time function to be accurately determined. The calibration is thus performed with different settings (i.e different exposure times and aperture settings) but without any correction for the setting change. The validation experiments were performed in (or very close to) the temperatures where the temperature error was predicted to be the largest. An under-estimation of approximately 30-50°C in the temperature range between 950°C and 1015°C could be seen corresponding to an absolute error of about 3-5% in this temperature range. The accuracy is however thought to increase with the temperature above a temperature of approximately 1250°C . It is possible to perform a temperature transform of target images with temperatures above 1500°C since the Look-up-table produced for the temperature transform extends to about 3000°C . However, the accuracy is unknown since no calibration or validation experiments within these ranges were performed. The result of the calibration and experiments along with the theoretical assessment within the thesis gave background to the discussion of optimal imaging system for thermographic measurements. In order to receive more accurate temperature measurements, a CCD-sensor is to prefer since producing more uniform images with a more linear and predictable response. This would most likely enable the implementation of the camera setting influence. To receive better color accuracy but mainly to prevent channel overlap a system using three sensors instead of one (as for the current imaging system) is to prefer. This would result in larger freedom of channel choice and thus, the temperature transform can somewhat be customized for the specific measured temperature ranges. A brief discussion concerning the overall choice of camera was also brought up. Since the temperature range is large and the red, green and blue channels are sensitive to temperature changes the demands on the sensor dynamic range will be high in order to receive a linear response, or even a fully predictable response, across the whole temperature range. A suggested option to the RGB-camera, still offering the very simple set up, is a dual-wavelength camera in the near (or medium wavelength) infrared range.
Kartläggning av materialförändringar vid uppvärmning eller nedkylning är av stor betydelse för förståelsen för ett materials strukturella beteende. Denna masteruppsatts syftar till att utforska utsikterna för termisk avbildning av varma material med en RGB-kamera. I detta inkluderas kalibrering av kamera, validerings experiment och teoretiska efterforskningar. Det huvudsakliga motivet för användning av en RGB-kamera är den enkla uppställningen (endast en kamera där de olika färg-lagren är alignerade) och det, i jämförelse med många IR-kameror, låga priset. En metod och en kod som möjliggör termografiska mätningar (både video och stillbild) inom temperaturområdet 800°C till 1500°C har tagits fram där kalibrering av kameran är inkluderat. Efter utförd kalibrering förutspåddes att noggrannheten av mätningarna mest troligt skulle vara bristfälliga i området 1000°C upp till cirka 1200°C.  Denna bristfälliga noggrannheten har sin grund i den icke-linjära (och i vissa fall oregelbundna) sensorresponsen vilket, i huvudsak, försvårade bestämning av exponeringstidens signalinflytande. Med anledning av detta gjordes en kalibrering med fixa inställningar, det vill säga; fixa exponeringstider och bländarinställningar för mätningar inom specifika temperaturområden, men utan korrigering vid förändring av kamerainställningar. Valideringsexperimenten som utfördes var i (eller mycket nära) det temperaturområde där de största temperaturavvikelserna förutspåddes vara.  Utförd validering av metod för temperaturavbildning visade att mätningen med RGB-kameran underskattade temperaturerna med cirka 30-50°C i temperaturområdet mellan 975-1015° motsvarar ett absolut fel på cirka 3-5% inom detta temperaturområde. Det är dock troligt att noggrannheten av mätningarna ökar då temperaturerna av det avbildade objektet är större än 1250°C då man i kalibreringsprocessen kunde se mindre avvikelser i detta område.  Med producerad look-up table (skapad i kalibreringsprocessen) är det möjligt att utföra temperaturtransformationer för avbildningar av objekt som har temperaturer över 1500°C, dock med okända osäkerheter då varken kalibrerings- eller valideringsexperiment har utförts för så pass höga temperaturer.  Resultatet av kalibreringen och experimenten, tillsammans med en teoretisk utredning av begränsningar och möjliga förbättringar vid termografiska mätningar, lade grunden till diskussion gällande optimalt bildsystem. Rekommendationer för att i framtiden utföra mer exakta termografiska mätningar med en RGB-kamera togs fram där en 3-CCD kamera föreslogs för att förbättra mätresultaten.  En CCD sensor är att föredra framför en CMOS sensor då de icke-verkliga pixel-avvikelserna inte är lika kritiska för en CCD-sensor som för en CMOS-sensor. CCD-sensorn är dessutom i många aspekter mer tillförlitlig vid vetenskapliga mätningar och har oftast mer linjär och förutsägbar respons vilket mest troligt skulle möjliggöra inkludering av exponeringstidens signalinflytande.  En kort diskussion gällande val av kanaler (våglängdsområden) som kan användas vid temperaturmätningar tas även upp i avhandlingen. Eftersom temperatur-mätområdet är stort och den röda, gröna och blå kanalen är känsliga för temperaturförändringar (liten förändring av temperatur ger stor förändring i uppmätt emission) så kommer kravet på det dynamiska omfånget av sensorn vara högt.  Ett alternativ till RGB-kameran, som fortfarande har en enkel uppställning, är en dubbel-sensor-kamera med ett dubbelt bandpass-filter i det när-infraröda (NIR) området. Detta kräver dock en utredning för hur sensorer i detta område påverkar den uppmätta signalen.
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COSTA, HUMBERTO SILVINO ALVES DA. "CALIBRATION OF A THERMOGRAPHIC CAMERA FOR PRODUCTION PLANNING." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11021@1.

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INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METROLOGIA, QUALIDADE E TECNOLOGIA
LIGHT
O aumento da temperatura de equipamentos de produção de energia elétrica é um indicativo de seu mau funcionamento ou da necessidade de uma manutenção preventiva antes que limites críticos sejam alcançados. Uma técnica utilizada para o diagnóstico é a interpretação do sinal infravermelho captado por uma câmera que fornece uma imagem do campo visual em questão, normalmente conhecida por termovisor. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para interpretar o seu sinal tendo em vista o planejamento de manutenção. Inicialmente, foi projetado um dispositivo para calibração de um termovisor na PUC-Rio. Ele consta de um bloco cilíndrico de latão, imerso em um banho de temperatura controlada. A seguir, o termovisor foi calibrado no corpo negro do INMETRO. Através da comparação entre os valores medidos pelo termovisor na PUC-Rio e no INMETRO, a emissividade da superfície pode ser determinada, e ajustada no instrumento para medição de temperatura com superfícies semelhantes. Com o termovisor calibrado, foi feita uma análise do impacto da incerteza de medição de temperatura sobre os procedimentos atualmente empregados pela concessionária de energia elétrica, LIGHT ENERGIA S.A., de modo a otimizar os procedimentos de manutenção de seus equipamentos.
The operating temperature increase of electric energy production equipments is a sign of poor performance or the need of maintenance before critical limits be attained. As a diagnostic tool, the interpretation of the infrared signal, as received by a camera that registers the image of a target, is often used and referred as a thermographic camera. In this work, a methodology was developed to interpret the infrared signal from a camera, aiming a maintenance planning. Initially, a device was designed to calibrate the thermographic camera at PUC-Rio. It consists of a cylindrical brass block, placed inside a controlled temperature bath, having its upper surface painted black and placed about 3 mm above the liquid surface of the bath. Holes were drilled radially, slightly bellow the block upper surface, so that its temperature could be measured by inserted thermocouples. Next, the instrument was calibrated with a black body at INMETRO. The surface emissivity was calculated as a result of the comparison between the calibration results in PUC-Rio and INMETRO. After calibration, the impact of the uncertainty of several parameters in temperature measurement was calculated, following the procedures that are presently adopted by the electric energy utility company LIGHT ENERGIA S.A., so that to optimize the maintenance procedure of equipments.
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Březina, Jan. "Energetický posudek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240486.

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The first part of the final thesis is focused on the use of thermovision for diagnosing defects and failures in building industry. Documented history, physical principles and conditions for the measuring of thermographic camera are described in this part. Thermal images of the object described below were used for demonstrating the defects. The second part is dedicated to the elaborated energy assessment for a nine-storey slab block building. In total, there are five energy economic measures developed for the building. Three of those are of structural character and two of those are for building equipment. There are two variants designed based on the measures, one of which is recommended and evalu-ated. The final section is focused on the measurement of slab block building indoor environment (CO2, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point) and its assessment in concern with the current legislation.
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Hsu, Cheng-I., and 許正宜. "Thermographic Detection of Creep-rupture Tubes Using a CCD Camera." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58148628057755008207.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
96
This study aims to use a low-cost camera to detect abnormal high-temperature areas on tubes before creep rupture occurs. Based on image gray level, the infrared energy radiated by high surface temperature can be detected, so heat distribution difference caused by tube flaws can be revealed and the temperature can also be calculated. Gray level influenced by external illumination or surface color can be corrected through image processing. Thus, through contactless full-range temperature detection, creep rupture of tubes under high temperature can be identified and the surface temperature can also be measured. Keywords: creep-rupture, charged coupled device, infrared, thermographic.
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Book chapters on the topic "Thermografic Camera"

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Luhmann, Thomas, Johannes Piechel, and Thorsten Roelfs. "Geometric Calibration of Thermographic Cameras." In Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing, 27–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6639-6_2.

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Müller, W., H. Piazena, A. R. Thomsen, and Peter Vaupel. "Thermography and Thermometry in wIRA-Hyperthermia." In Water-filtered Infrared A (wIRA) Irradiation, 55–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92880-3_4.

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AbstractContact-free temperature determination is based on the measurements of electromagnetic radiation. The corresponding physical laws are related to the properties of black bodies. This background allows for the development of thermometric and thermographic systems for remote temperature measurements. Precise absolute temperature data, required in hyperthermia, do not only depend on the technical quality of the systems (hardware and software) and their calibration, but also depend on accurate determination of the emissivity of human skin. Pyrometers are restricted to temperature measurements within a small area (measurement spot), while thermographic cameras allow measurements across a relatively large region on the target area in real time. The subdivision of the IR image into spatially separated pixels allows access to temperature data of small areas on the skin and thus combines thermometry and thermography. Quality assurance standards of the European Society of Hyperthermic Oncology for water-filtered IR-A-hyperthermia (wIRA-HT) are met, except for the accuracy of the absolute temperature. Since the relation between the temperatures at the skin surface and in deeper tissue layers, considering irradiation and heating time, in wIRA-HT can be assessed, the temperature needed for efficient thermal treatment of superficial tumors within superficial tissue layers can therefore be achieved in a controlled manner.
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Rizvi, Syed Zeeshan, Muhammad Umar Farooq, and Rana Hammad Raza. "Performance Comparison of Deep Residual Networks-Based Super Resolution Algorithms Using Thermal Images: Case Study of Crowd Counting." In Digital Interaction and Machine Intelligence, 75–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11432-8_7.

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AbstractHumans are able to perceive objects only in the visible spectrum range which limits the perception abilities in poor weather or low illumination conditions. The limitations are usually handled through technological advancements in thermographic imaging. However, thermal cameras have poor spatial resolutions compared to RGB cameras. Super-resolution (SR) techniques are commonly used to improve the overall quality of low-resolution images. There has been a major shift of research among the Computer Vision researchers towards SR techniques particularly aimed for thermal images. This paper analyzes the performance of three deep learning-based state-of-the-art SR algorithms namely Enhanced Deep Super Resolution (EDSR), Residual Channel Attention Network (RCAN) and Residual Dense Network (RDN) on thermal images. The algorithms were trained from scratch for different upscaling factors of ×2 and ×4. The dataset was generated from two different thermal imaging sequences of BU-TIV benchmark. The sequences contain both sparse and highly dense type of crowds with a far field camera view. The trained models were then used to super-resolve unseen test images. The quantitative analysis of the test images was performed using common image quality metrics such as PSNR, SSIM and LPIPS, while qualitative analysis was provided by evaluating effectiveness of the algorithms for crowd counting application. After only 54 and 51 epochs of RCAN and RDN respectively, both approaches were able to output average scores of 37.878, 0.986, 0.0098 and 30.175, 0.945, 0.0636 for PSNR, SSIM and LPIPS respectively. The EDSR algorithm took the least computation time during both training and testing because of its simple architecture. This research proves that a reasonable accuracy can be achieved with fewer training epochs when an application-specific dataset is carefully selected.
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Shimomura, Mitsuhiko, Masahiro Fujiwara, Yasutoshi Makino, and Hiroyuki Shinoda. "Estimation of Frictional Force Using the Thermal Images of Target Surface During Stroking." In Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications, 234–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_27.

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AbstractWe propose a method for estimating the frictional force between a contacted surface and the human touch using thermal video images captured using an infrared thermographic camera. Because this method can estimate force remotely, its application to various situations, in which the measurement is difficult to obtain using conventional contact-based methods, is expected. Furthermore, thermal images have the advantage of measuring physical quantities directly related to frictional force. As a result of machine learning using the measured data from multiple subjects and materials, we succeeded in estimating the frictional force with a high accuracy from the information of the temperature change on the surface. In addition, we account for both the frictional and direct heat transferred between the finger and object affecting the temperature change; therefore, we attempted to improve the accuracy by extracting only frictional heat. Consequently, our method succeeded in improving the accuracy.
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Araújo, Marcus Costa de, Luciete Alves Bezerra, Kamila Fernanda Ferreira da Cunha Queiroz, Nadja A. Espíndola, Ladjane Coelho dos Santos, Francisco George S. Santos, and Rita de Cássia Fernandes de Lima. "The Evolution of New Trends in Breast Thermography." In Biomedical Computing for Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis, 128–71. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3456-4.ch007.

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In this chapter, the theoretical foundations of infrared radiation theory and the principles of the infrared imaging technique are presented. The use of infrared (IR) images has increased recently, especially due to the refinement and portability of thermographic cameras. As a result, this type of camera can be used for various medical applications. In this context, the use of IR images is proposed as an auxiliary tool for detecting disease and monitoring, especially for the early detection of breast cancer.
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Della Bella, Emiliano. "Thermographic Survey for the Preservation and Restoration of Architectural Cultural Heritage." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 91–118. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0680-5.ch005.

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This chapter provides technical information and physics background to the use of thermographic cameras in the field of preservation and restoration of architectural cultural heritage. After an overview on how IR cameras work, both applications and common cases will be presented so that the operator may easily deal and recognize building pathologies and masonry anomalies. These, described in detail, range from water moist problems to structural gaps. As moisture and humidity related problems represent the majority of IR surveying cases in the field of architecture, they will be handled in a comprehensive way so that both the operator and the scholar are well prepared to understand and treat the pathologies these may cause. The operator is instructed on how to perform a project survey on a step by step layout based on the UNI 9252, the UNI EN 13187 and the ISO 9712:2005 regarding the methodologies of IR survey and the procedures of non destructive tests.
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Morales, Edith Obregón, José de Jesús Pérez Bueno, Juan Carlos Moctezuma Esparza, Diego Marroquín García, Arturo Trejo Pérez, Roberto Carlos Flores Romero, Juan Manuel Olivares Ramírez, et al. "3D Scanning and Simulation of a Hybrid Refrigerator Using Photovoltaic Energy." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, 1277–96. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch110.

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In this chapter, a methodology that starts from the measurement and recording of real prototype geometries up to simulations to evaluate parameters, improvements or performance under various conditions is proposed. Here it is presented a case study of a solar powered refrigerator with storage capacity for 50 kg of fruit. The refrigerator comprises two systems, vapor-compression and Peltier. The methodology consisted in acquiring by a 3D laser scanner or Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) and in some small complex items using a 3D photogrammetry scanner. These data were transferred first as a CAD or SolidWorks® geometry and subsequently transferred to domains geometry useful for ANSYS or COMSOL simulation software. These models with high-resolution brings the simulations closer to real prototypes. As a source of direct information from the prototypes, thermal images obtained using a thermographic camera were taken. Also, wireless sensors were installed for temperature and humidity monitoring. The analyses of the energy efficiencies of both prototypes were performed.
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Morales, Edith Obregón, José de Jesús Pérez Bueno, Juan Carlos Moctezuma Esparza, Diego Marroquín García, Arturo Trejo Pérez, Roberto Carlos Flores Romero, Juan Manuel Olivares Ramírez, et al. "3D Scanning and Simulation of a Hybrid Refrigerator Using Photovoltaic Energy." In Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Artificial Intelligence, Computer Simulation, and Human-Computer Interaction, 312–36. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch024.

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In this chapter, a methodology that starts from the measurement and recording of real prototype geometries up to simulations to evaluate parameters, improvements, or performance under various conditions is proposed. Here a case study of a solar powered refrigerator with storage capacity for 50 kg of fruit is presented. The refrigerator comprises two systems: vapor-compression and Peltier. The methodology consisted in acquiring by a 3D laser scanner or coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and in some small complex items using a 3D photogrammetry scanner. These data were transferred first as a CAD or SolidWorks® geometry and subsequently transferred to domains geometry useful for ANSYS or COMSOL simulation software. These models with high-resolution brings the simulations closer to real prototypes. As a source of direct information from the prototypes, thermal images obtained using a thermographic camera were taken. Also, wireless sensors were installed for temperature and humidity monitoring. The analyses of the energy efficiencies of both prototypes were performed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Thermografic Camera"

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Sampaio, Daniel J. B. S., Victor G. S. Sousa, Ruben Glatt, Daniel Rubbo, and Alan F. Costa. "Thermographic inspection using a microcontroller-based camera positioning system." In 2014 3rd International Conference on Applied Robotics for the Power Industry (CARPI 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/carpi.2014.7030044.

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Rosa Ribeiro da Silva, Leonardo, Felipe Chagas Rodrigues de Souza, Felipe dos Anjos Rodrigues Campos, Pedro Henrique Pires França, Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues Vieira, Gustavo Fernandes, CARLA RAMOS, and Wisley Sales. "PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE USING INFRARED THERMOGRAPHIC CAMERA IN AGRICULTURAL MACHINES." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-1925.

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Cândido, Márcia Gabrielle Lima, Ilda de Fátima Ferreira Tinôco, Lucas P. Herker, Talissa F. P. Ireno, Rafaella Resende Andrade, and Richard S. Gates. "Evaluation of a Low Cost Thermographic Camera for Poultry Temperature." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-143.

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Gundupalli Paulraj, Sathish, Subrata Hait, and Atul Thakur. "Automated Municipal Solid Waste Sorting for Recycling Using a Mobile Manipulator." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59842.

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Municipal solid waste (MSW), generated at an unprecedented rate due to rapid urbanization and industrialization contains useful recyclable materials like metals, plastic, wood, etc. Recycling of useful materials from MSW in the developing countries is severely constrained by limited door-to-door collection and poor means of segregation. Recovery of recyclables is usually performed by waste pickers, which is highly risky and hazardous for their health. This paper reports the development of a robotic mobile manipulation system for automated sorting of useful recyclables from MSW. The developed robot is equipped with a thermal imaging camera, proximity sensor and a 5-DOF robotic arm. This paper presents an approach for sorting based on automated identification from thermographic images. The developed algorithm extracts keypoint features from the thermographic image and feeds into clustering model to map them into a bag-of-word vectors. Finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used for identifying the recyclable material. We used the developed algorithm to detect three categories of recyclables namely, aluminum can, plastic bottle and tetra pack from given thermographic images. We obtained classification rate of 94.3% in the tests. In future, we plan to extend the developed approach for classifying a wider range of recyclable objects as well as to incorporate motion planning algorithms to handle cluttered environments.
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Rahman, Md Ashiqur, Javier Becerril, Dipannita Ghosh, Nazmul Islam, and Ali Ashraf. "Non-Destructive Infrared Thermographic Curing Analysis of Polymer Composites." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-96116.

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Abstract Infrared (IR) thermography is a non-contact method of measuring temperature that analyzes the infrared radiation emitted by an object. Properties of polymer composites are heavily influenced by the filler material, filler size, and filler dispersion, and thus thermographic analysis can be a useful tool to determine the curing and filler dispersion. In this study, we investigated the curing mechanisms of polymer composites at the microscale by capturing real-time temperature using an IR Thermal Camera. Silicone polymers with fillers of Graphene, Graphite powder, Graphite flake, and Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) were subsequently poured into a customized 3D printed mold for thermography. The nanocomposites were microscopically heated with a Nichrome resistance wire, and real-time surface temperatures were measured using different Softwares. This infrared thermal camera divides the target area into 640 × 480 pixels, allowing measurement and analysis of the sample with a resolution of 65 micrometers. Depending on the filler material, the temperature rises to a certain maximum point before curing, and once curing is complete, polymer composites exhibit a rapid temperature change indicating a transition from viscous fluid to solid. MoS2, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) without filler, and PDMS with larger filler are ranked in order of maximum constant temperature. PDMS (without filler) cures in 500s, while PDMS-Graphene and PDMS Graphite Powder cure in about 800s. The curing time for PDMS Graphite flake is slightly longer (950s), while MoS2 is around 520s. Therefore, this technique can indicate the influence of fillers on the curing of composites at the microscale, which is difficult to achieve by conventional methods such as differential scanning calorimetry. This nondestructive, low-cost, fast infrared thermography can be used to analyze the properties of polymer composites with different fillers and dispersion qualities in a variety of applications including precision additive manufacturing and quality control of curable composite inks.
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Chyu, M. K., and D. J. Bizzak. "Measurement of Surface Temperature Using a Laser-Induced Fluorescence Thermal Imaging System." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-214.

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This paper describes a novel, non-intrusive thermal imaging system based on the fluorescence properties of an europium-doped lanthanum oxysulfide (Eu+3:La2O2S) thermographic phosphor. In this system the phosphor coating on a test surface is excited by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The resulting fluorescent emission of the temperature-sensitive 512 nm transition, along with that of the relatively temperature independent 620 nm transition, is acquired using an image-intensified charged coupled device (ICCD) camera. The ratio of the 512- and 620-nm emissions, integrated over a set gating period, is then correlated with temperature. Quality data obtained from a calibration procedure have demonstrated that the present approach can be more advantageous than many existing thermal imaging techniques. The system has been specifically designed to provide two-dimensional temperature measurements with high accuracy and exceptional spatial resolution. Because of the extremely short fluorescent lifetimes of various thermographic phosphors (∼μs), applicability of the technique to fast-moving or rotating surfaces is very promising.
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"Low-Energy Sonic Thermographic Inspection of Impact Damage in Aerospace Composites." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-7.

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Abstract. This paper details an investigation into the use of an alternate sonic thermography inspection process which uses both low-energy acoustic coupling and an inexpensive microbolometer camera to detect barely visible impact damage in composite structures. The impetus is to create a system that is affordable, robust, rugged and easy to use in the field. This paper shows that the new system is capable of detecting barely visible impact damage with a performance comparable to that of conventional sonic thermography.
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Stout, Arthur, and Robert Kienlen. "Portable thermographic camera development incorporating an AC-coupled ferroelectric focal plane array." In AeroSense 2003, edited by Bjorn F. Andresen and Gabor F. Fulop. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.488263.

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Anishchenko, Lesya, Alexander Tataraidze, Aleksandr Bugaev, and Vladimir Razevig. "Automated long-term contactless temperature monitoring in animals via a thermographic camera." In 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037061.

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Vollheim, B., M. Gärtner, G. Dammass, and M. Krausz. "Application of cooled IR focal plane arrays in thermographic cameras." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Gerald C. Holst and Keith A. Krapels. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2222783.

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