Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thermal object

Academic literature on the topic 'Thermal object'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermal object"

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Morgan, D., and R. Henda. "Object-oriented Thermal Radiation Simulator." Education for Chemical Engineers 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/ece06010.

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Kostyleva, Liliya Yu, Oleg V. Loginovskiy, Evgeniya A. Retc, and Igor M. Yachikov. "Possibilities of using mathematical models for thermal nondestructive testing of defects in multilayer bimetallic plates." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 22, no. 1 (January 2022): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr220104.

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There is an actual task of delamination detection in multilayer bimetallic materials. Various methods of nondestructive testing (NDT) are used to solve it, including the method of transient thermal NDT. This method consists in remote registration, visualization and analysis of thermal (temperature) fields, which depend on thermophysical and geometric characteristics, thermal effect capacity and internal structure features of the object. The internal structure defects cause the appearance of abnormal temperature zones on the object surface. Their analysis allows us to judge the presence of changes in the material as a whole or in individual areas. It is possible to understand whether there is a defect under the anomalous site, and what its parameters are, if there is an adequate mathematical model that theoretically describes the dependence of the measuring results on the properties of the object and the selected technological modes. This model is a significant component of thermal NDT systems. For the same object or process, a certain set of mathematical models can be compiled, differing in the number of factors taken into account, the assumptions made, the completeness and accuracy of the description of the state of the object or the conditions of the process. The set of factors is determined by the purpose of the study, and in order to unambiguously determine the model of the thermal state, it is necessary to describe the characteristics of the object (geometric shape and thermophysical characteristics of the material) and the heat exchange process (characteristics of heat sources, initial and boundary conditions). Aim. To analyze the existing mathematical models for the research object – a multilayer bimetallic plate with delaminations between the outer and inner layers, and to identify common approaches to modeling the processes of thermal NDT of multilayer objects. Materials and methods. The structure of the mathematical model of the thermal state of the object is determined. An analytical review of mathematical models of thermal NDT of multilayer objects is performed. Results. The requirements, assumptions and limitations for a mathematical model of thermal NDT of a multilayer bimetallic plate with delamination defects are formulated. Conclusion. On the basis of the considered approaches to the mathematical modeling of the thermal state of multilayer objects with ideal layers contact and delamination defects, the necessary factors for the development of a model for the transient thermal NDT processes of the studied objects are determined.
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Sadek, Toufic Abd El-Latif, Yousef Attalah, and Ghaleb Faour. "Optimal Timing for Capturing Satellite Thermal Images of Asphalt Object." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 3 (January 30, 2016): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n3p235.

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The best extraction of asphalt object from satellite thermal images is the aim of the study. The best original data of thermal images occurred at a specific times during the days of the year. by preventing the gaps in times which give the close and same brightness from different objects. Finally, to achieve easy and efficient extraction of asphalt object from the satellite thermal images and then better analysis. The study were done using seven sample objects, asphalt, concrete, metal, rock, dry soil, vegetation, and water, located at one place carefully investigated in a way that all the objects achieve the homogeneous in acquired data at same time and same weather conditions. The samples of the objects was at roof of building at position taking by global positioning system (GPS) which its geographical coordinates is: Latitude= 33° 37´ 25.402”, longitude= 35° 28´ 57.260", height= 600 m. It has been found that the first choice and the best time for capturing the satellite thermal images for better extraction of the asphalt object in february, march, November is at 1:00 pm, in august, october at 2:00 pm and coincide with the mean. In april, may at 3:00 pm, in june at 4:00 pm and not coincide with mean. It can be noted too that the time 1:00 pm is valid in all the months and coincide with mean.
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Mingalev, A. V., A. V. Belov, I. M. Gabdullin, R. R. Agafonova, and S. N. Shusharin. "Test-object recognition in thermal images." Computer Optics 43, no. 3 (June 2019): 402–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-2019-43-3-402-411.

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The paper presents a comparative analysis of several methods for recognition of test-object position in a thermal image when setting and testing characteristics of thermal image channels in an automated mode. We consider methods of image recognition based on the correlation image comparison, Viola-Jones method, LeNet classificatory convolutional neural network, GoogleNet (Inception v.1) classificatory convolutional neural network, and a deep-learning-based convolutional neural network of Single-Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) VGG16 type. The best performance is reached via using the deep-learning-based convolutional neural network of the VGG16-type. The main advantages of this method include robustness to variations in the test object size; high values of accuracy and recall parameters; and doing without additional methods for RoI (region of interest) localization.
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Pavlovic, Milan, Ivan Ciric, Danijela Ristic-Durrant, Vlastimir Nikolic, Milos Simonovic, Milica Ciric, and Milan Banic. "Advanced thermal camera based system for object detection on rail tracks." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 5 (2018): 1551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci18s5551p.

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In this paper, an advanced thermal camera-based system for detection of objects on rail tracks is presented. Developed system is powered by advanced image processing algorithm, in order to achieve greater reliability and robustness, and tested on set of infrared images captured at night conditions. The goal of this system is to detect objects on rail tracks and next to them and estimate distances between camera stand and detected objects. For that purpose, different edge detection methods are tested, and finally Canny edge detector is selected for rail track detection and for determination of region of interest, further used for analysis in object detection process. In determined region of interest, region-based segmentation is used for object detection. For estimation of distances between camera stand and detected objects, homography based method is used. Validation of estimated distances is done, in respect to real measured distances from camera stand to objects (humans) involved in experiment. Distances are estimated with a maximum error of 2%. System can provide reliable object detection, as well as distance estimation, and for improved robustness and adaptability, artificial intelligence tools can be used.
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Brickner, Michael S., and Amir Zvuloni. "The Effect of Polarity on Object Recognition in Thermal Images." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 1 (October 1993): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700132.

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Thermal imaging (TI) systems, transform the distribution of relative temperatures in a scene into a visible TV image. TIs differ significantly from regular TV images. Most TI systems allow their operators to select preferred polarity which determines the way in which gray shades represent different temperatures. Polarity may be set to either black hot (BH) or white hot (WH). The present experiments were designed to investigate the effects of polarity on object recognition performance in TI and to compare object recognition performance of experts and novices. In the first experiment, twenty flight candidates were asked to recognize target objects in 60 dynamic TI recordings taken from two different TI systems. The targets included a variety of human placed and natural objects. Each subject viewed half the targets in BH and the other half in WH polarity in a balanced experimental design. For 24 out of the 60 targets one direction of polarity produced better performance than the other. Although the direction of superior polarity (BH or WH better) was not consistent, the preferred representation of the target object was very consistent. For example, vegetation was more readily recognized when presented as dark objects on a brighter background. The results are discussed in terms of importance of surface determinants versus edge determinants in the recognition of TI objects. In the second experiment, the performance of 10 expert TI users was found to be significantly more accurate but not much faster than the performance of 20 novice subjects.
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Головин, Д. Ю., А. И. Тюрин, А. А. Самодуров, and Ю. И. Головин. "Определение температуропроводности материалов методом нестационарного точечного нагрева." Письма в журнал технической физики 46, no. 1 (2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2020.01.48863.18052.

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Express thermographic method for measuring thermal diffusivity of thin flat objects is described in the paper. It could be considered as modification or a branch of laser flash method, however it does not require sample cutting or two side access to the object. The method comprises step-like heating of the small area (~ 0.1 mm2) at the object surface by focused laser beam and continuous recording temperature distribution at the surface by thermal camera. Developed data processing technique does not require information about absolute temperatures or absorbed energy for determination of thermal diffusivity coefficient.
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Gritzo, Louis A., and Vernon F. Nicolette. "Coupling of Large Fire Phenomenon with Object Geometry and Object Thermal Response." Journal of Fire Sciences 15, no. 6 (November 1997): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490419701500601.

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The effect of an object in or near a large fire on the physical pro cesses which result in the heat flux from the fire is defined by the object geometry and temperature, and therefore the fire phenomena and the object physical states can be coupled. Two primary modes of coupling, radiative and convective, and their relative influence on heat flux, are investigated using observations from ex perimental data and numerical simulations. Radiative coupling occurs when a comparatively cold object reduces the incident heat flux (by up to 65%) due to radiative cooling of nearby media. Convective coupling includes: (1) changes in the geometry of the flame zone, and (2) object-induced turbulence which alters and often enhances the flow, mixing, and, hence, combustion processes within the fire. Increases in the heat flux approaching a factor of three have been observed due to these phenomena.
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Ho, Hsin-Ni, Hiu Mei Chow, Sayaka Tsunokake, and Warrick Roseboom. "Thermal-Tactile Integration in Object Temperature Perception." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2019.2894153.

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Xia, Haiping, Yunhao Chen, Jinling Quan, and Jing Li. "Object-Based Window Strategy in Thermal Sharpening." Remote Sensing 11, no. 6 (March 15, 2019): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11060634.

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The trade-off between spatial and temporal resolutions has led to the disaggregation of remotely sensed land surface temperatures (LSTs) for better applications. The window used for regression is one of the primary factors affecting the disaggregation accuracy. Global window strategies (GWSs) and local window strategies (LWSs) have been widely used and discussed, while object-based window strategies (OWSs) have rarely been considered. Therefore, this study presents an OWS based on a segmentation algorithm and provides a basis for selecting an optimal window size balancing both accuracy and efficiency. The OWS is tested with Landsat 8 data and simulated data via the “aggregation-then-disaggregation” strategy, and compared with the GWS and LWS. Results tested with the Landsat 8 data indicate that the proposed OWS can accurately and efficiently generate high-resolution LSTs. In comparison to the GWS, the OWS improves the mean accuracy by 0.19 K at different downscaling ratios, in particular by 0.30 K over urban areas; compared with the LWS, the OWS performs better in most cases but performs slightly worse due to the increasing downscaling ratio in some cases. Results tested with the simulated data indicate that the OWS is always superior to both GWS and LWS regardless of the downscaling ratios, and the OWS improves the mean accuracy by 0.44 K and 0.19 K in comparison to the GWS and LWS, respectively. These findings suggest the potential ability of the OWS to generate super-high-resolution LSTs over heterogeneous regions when the pixels within the object-based windows derived via segmentation algorithms are more homogenous.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermal object"

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Mozok, E. M. "Monitoring condition of thermal object." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34870.

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Thermal power plants are producing more than a third of consumed electricity and become main enterprise which generate electricity, both in Ukraine and other countries. To achieve optimal control of the combustion process it is necessary to provide individual adjustment of the following parameters: distribution of the combustion zone according to the project plan; control of air distribution and air/fuel ratio in combustion zone. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34870
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Kaba, Utku. "Moving Hot Object Detection In Airborne Thermal Videos." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614532/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, we present an algorithm for vision based detection of moving objects observed by IR sensors on a moving platform. In addition we analyze the performance of different approaches in each step of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm is composed of preprocessing, feature detection, feature matching, homography estimation and difference image analysis steps. First, a global motion estimation based on planar homography model is performed in order to compensate the motion of the sensor and moving platform where the sensors are located. Then, moving objects are identified on difference images of consecutive video frames with global motion suppression. Performance of the proposed algorithm is shown on different IR image sequences.
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Bergenroth, Hannah. "Use of Thermal Imagery for Robust Moving Object Detection." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177888.

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This work proposes a system that utilizes both infrared and visual imagery to create a more robust object detection and classification system. The system consists of two main parts: a moving object detector and a target classifier. The first stage detects moving objects in visible and infrared spectrum using background subtraction based on Gaussian Mixture Models. Low-level fusion is performed to combine the foreground regions in the respective domain. For the second stage, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset is used to classify the detected targets into one of the pre-defined classes; human and vehicle. The performance of the proposed object detector is evaluated using multiple video streams recorded in different areas and under various weather conditions, which form a broad basis for testing the suggested method. The accuracy of the classifier is evaluated from experimentally generated images from the moving object detection stage supplemented with publicly available CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets. The low-level fusion method shows to be more effective than using either domain separately in terms of detection results.

Examensarbetet är utfört vid Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap (ITN) vid Tekniska fakulteten, Linköpings universitet

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Yigit, Ahmet. "Thermal And Visible Band Image Fusion For Abandoned Object Detection." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611720/index.pdf.

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Packages that are left unattended in public spaces are a security concern and timely detection of these packages is important for prevention of potential threats. Operators should be always alert to detect abandoned items in crowded environments. However, it is very difficult for operators to stay concentrated for extended periods. Therefore, it is important to aid operators with automatic detection of abandoned items. Most of the methods in the literature define abandoned items as items newly added to the scene and stayed stationary for a predefined time. Hence other stationary objects, such as people sitting on a bench are also detected as suspicious objects resulting in a high number of false alarms. These false alarms could be prevented by discriminating suspicious items as living/nonliving objects. In this thesis, visible band and thermal band cameras are used together to analyze the interactions between humans and other objects. Thermal images help classification of objects using their heat signatures. This way, people and the objects they carry or left behind can be detected separately. Especially, it is aimed to detect abandoned items and discriminate living or nonliving objects
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López, Mas Joan. "Parallel object-oriented algorithms for simulation of multiphysics : application to thermal systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/387441.

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The present and the future expectation in parallel computing pose a new generational change in simulation and computing. Modern High Performance Computing (HPC) facilities have high computational power in terms of operations per second -today peta-FLOPS (10e15 FLOPS) and growing toward the exascale (10e18 FLOPS) which is expected in few years-. This opens the way for using simulation tools in a wide range of new engineering and scientific applications. For example, CFD&HT codes will be effectively used in the design phase of industrial devices, obtaining valuable information with reasonable time expenses. However, the use of the emerging computer architectures is subjected to enhancements and innovation in software design patterns. So far, powerful codes for individually studying heat and mass transfer phenomena at multiple levels of modeling are available. However, there is no way to combine them for resolving complex coupled problems. In the current context, this PhD thesis presents the development of parallel methodologies, and its implementation as an object-oriented software platform, for the simulation of multiphysics systems. By means of this new software platform, called NEST, the distinct codes can now be integrated into single simulation tools for specific applications of social and industrial interest. This is done in an intuitive and simple way so that the researchers do not have to bother either on the coexistence of several codes at the same time neither on how they interact to each other. The coupling of the involved components is controlled from a low level code layer, which is transparent to the users. This contributes with appealing benefits on software projects management first and on the flexibility and features of the simulations, later. In sum, the presented approaches pose a new paradigm in the production of physics simulation programs. Although the thesis pursues general purpose applications, special emphasis is placed on the simulation of thermal systems, in particular on buildings energy assessment and on hermetic reciprocating compressors.
Las expectativas puestas en el uso de la computación en paralelo plantean un cambio generacional en simulación y computación. Las más modernas instalaciones computacionales de alto nivel -High Performance Computing (HPC)- alcanzan ya la capacidad de realizar gran cantidad de operaciones por segundo -hoy del orden de peta-FLOPS (1e15 FLOPS) y dirigiéndose hacia exaFlops (1e18 FLOPS)-. Esto abre la posibilidad de usar la simulación por ordenador en un amplio espectro de nuevas aplicaciones en ciencia e ingeniería. Por ejemplo, los códigos de CFD&HT van a poder usarse de una forma más efectiva en la fase de diseño de dispositivos industriales ya que se obtendrán resultados muy valiosos en tiempos de ejecución razonables. Por el momento, hay muchos códigos disponibles para el estudio individual de fenómenos de transferencia de calor i de masa con distintos niveles de modelización. Sin embargo, estos códigos no se pueden combinar entre sí para abordar problemas más complejos, en los cuales varios fenómenos físicos interactúan simultáneamente. Bajo este contexto, en esta tesis doctoral se presenta el desarrollo de una metodología de estrategia paralela, y su implementación en una plataforma informática, para la simulación de sistemas multi-físicos. De éste modo, ahora los distintos códigos pueden ser integrados para la creación de nuevas herramientas de simulación destinadas a aplicaciones específicas de interés tanto social como industrial. Esto se hace de una manera intuitiva y simple de manera que los investigadores no tienen que preocuparse ni por la coexistencia de varios códigos simultáneamente ni en cómo hacer que interactúen entre ellos. El acoplamiento entre los diferentes componentes involucrados en una simulación se realiza mediante un código más básico con el cual el usuario solamente interacciona a través de una interfase. Esto aporta interesantes beneficios tanto en la gestión de los proyectos de programario como en la flexibilidad y las características de las simulaciones. En resumen, la estrategia que se propone plantea un nuevo paradigma en la producción de programas de simulación de fenómenos físicos. Aunque la tesis persigue aplicaciones de propósito general se ha puesto especial atención en la simulación de sistemas térmicos, en particular en la evaluación energética de edificios y en compresores herméticos alternativos.
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Viau, Claude. "Multispectral Image Analysis for Object Recognition and Classification." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34532.

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Computer and machine vision applications are used in numerous fields to analyze static and dynamic imagery in order to assist or automate some form of decision-making process. Advancements in sensor technologies now make it possible to capture and visualize imagery at various wavelengths (or bands) of the electromagnetic spectrum. Multispectral imaging has countless applications in various field including (but not limited to) security, defense, space, medical, manufacturing and archeology. The development of advanced algorithms to process and extract salient information from the imagery is a critical component of the overall system performance. The fundamental objectives of this research project were to investigate the benefits of combining imagery from the visual and thermal bands of the electromagnetic spectrum to improve the recognition rates and accuracy of commonly found objects in an office setting. The goal was not to find a new way to “fuse” the visual and thermal images together but rather establish a methodology to extract multispectral descriptors in order to improve a machine vision system’s ability to recognize specific classes of objects.A multispectral dataset (visual and thermal) was captured and features from the visual and thermal images were extracted and used to train support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The SVM’s class prediction ability was evaluated separately on the visual, thermal and multispectral testing datasets. Commonly used performance metrics were applied to assess the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of each classifier. The research demonstrated that the highest recognition rate was achieved by an expert system (multiple classifiers) that combined the expertise of the visual-only classifier, the thermal-only classifier and the combined visual-thermal classifier.
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Beyan, Cigdem. "Object Tracking For Surveillance Applications Using Thermal And Visible Band Video Data Fusion." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612743/index.pdf.

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Individual tracking of objects in the video such as people and the luggages they carry is important for surveillance applications as it would enable deduction of higher level information and timely detection of potential threats. However, this is a challenging problem and many studies in the literature track people and the belongings as a single object. In this thesis, we propose using thermal band video data in addition to the visible band video data for tracking people and their belongings separately for indoor applications using their heat signatures. For object tracking step, an adaptive, fully automatic multi object tracking system based on mean-shift tracking method is proposed. Trackers are refreshed using foreground information to overcome possible problems which may occur due to the changes in object&rsquo
s size, shape and to handle occlusion, split and to detect newly emerging objects as well as objects that leave the scene. By using the trajectories of objects, owners of the objects are found and abandoned objects are detected to generate an alarm. Better tracking performance is also achieved compared a single modality as the thermal reflection and halo effect which adversely affect tracking are eliminated by the complementing visible band data.
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Yevseienko, Oleg, Anatoliy Gapon, and Dmytro Salnikov. "Searching for Optimal Control Parameters of Thermal Object Using Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Control with Predictive Filter." Thesis, Lviv Polytechnic Publishing House, 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/41116.

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The thesis is devote to the temperature control of objects with lumped or distributed parameters. The problems of choosing the right value of regulator’s heater power and prediction period are discussed. The major attention is paid to the process of searching the minimum value of control quantities. It is shown that the approximated second-order plane has an exact accordance with the original data. It is concluded that algorithm of PWM-control with prediction filter provides good quality control.
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Stigson, Magnus. "Object Tracking Using Tracking-Learning-Detection inThermal Infrared Video." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93936.

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Automatic tracking of an object of interest in a video sequence is a task that has been much researched. Difficulties include varying scale of the object, rotation and object appearance changing over time, thus leading to tracking failures. Different tracking methods, such as short-term tracking often fail if the object steps out of the camera’s field of view, or changes shape rapidly. Also, small inaccuracies in the tracking method can accumulate over time, which can lead to tracking drift. Long-term tracking is also problematic, partly due to updating and degradation of the object model, leading to incorrectly classified and tracked objects. This master’s thesis implements a long-term tracking framework called Tracking-Learning-Detection which can learn and adapt, using so called P/N-learning, to changing object appearance over time, thus making it more robust to tracking failures. The framework consists of three parts; a tracking module which follows the object from frame to frame, a learning module that learns new appearances of the object, and a detection module which can detect learned appearances of the object and correct the tracking module if necessary. This tracking framework is evaluated on thermal infrared videos and the results are compared to the results obtained from videos captured within the visible spectrum. Several important differences between visual and thermal infrared tracking are presented, and the effect these have on the tracking performance is evaluated. In conclusion, the results are analyzed to evaluate which differences matter the most and how they affect tracking, and a number of different ways to improve the tracking are proposed.
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Samaei, Amiryousef. "Evaluating the effect of different distances on the pixels per object and image classification." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25880.

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In the last decades camera systems have continuously evolved and have found wide range of applications. One of the main applications of a modern camera system is surveillance in outdoor areas. The camera system, based on local computations, can detect and classify objects autonomously. However, the distance of the objects from the camera plays a vital role on the classification results. This could be specially challenging when lighting conditions are varying. Therefore, in this thesis, we are examining the effect of changing dis-tances on object in terms of number of pixels. In addition, the effect of distance on classification is studied by preparing four different sets. For consideration of high signal to noise ratio, we are integrating thermal and visual image sensors for the same test in order to achieve better spectral resolution. In this study, four different data sets, thermal, visu-al, binary from visual and binary from thermal have been prepared to train the classifier. The categorized objects include bicycle, human and vehicle. Comparative studies have been performed in order to identify the data sets accuracy. It has been demonstrated that for fixed distances bi-level data sets, obtained from visual images, have better accuracy. By using our setup, the object (human) with a length of 179 and width of 30 has been classified correctly with minor error up to 150 meters for thermal, visual as well as binary from visual. Moreover, for bi-level images from thermal, the human object has been correctly classified as far away as 250 meters.
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Books on the topic "Thermal object"

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Spaans, Ronny. Dangerous Drugs. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462982543.

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In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic was the centre of the world trade in exotic drugs and spices. They were sought after both as medicines, and as luxury objects for the bourgeois class, giving rise to a medical and moral anxiety in the Republic. This ambivalent view on exotic drugs is the theme of the poetry of Joannes Six van Chandelier (1620-1695). Six, who himself ran the drug shop ‘The Gilded Unicorn’ in Amsterdam, addresses a number of exotic medicines in his poems, such as musk, incense, the miracle drug theriac, Egyptian mumia, and even the blood of Charles I of England. In Dangerous Drugs, these texts are studied for the first time. The study shows how Six, through a process of self-presentation as a sober and restrained merchant, but also as a penitent sinner, thirsting for God’s grace, links early modern drug abuse to different desires, such as lust, avarice, pride and curiosity. The book shows also how an early modern debate on exotic drugs contributed to an important shift in early modern natural science, from a drug lore based on mythical and fabulous concepts, to a botany based on observation and systematic examination.
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Dzelzītis, Egīls. Application of Alternative Energy Trigeneration for Balancing of Loads and Sustainable Quality Assurance in Smart Energy Networks. RTU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227158.

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The object of the research is micro-grids in district heating systems and the end consumers of the thermal energy from these systems. Topicality of the Thesis: The National Energy and Climate Plan of Latvia for 2030. The aim of the Doctoral Thesis is to design the energy management model for micro-grids with passive buildings and ecological trigeneration by using renewable energy resources.
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B, Dove James, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Jörn, Wilms, Begelman Mitchell C, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Jörn, Wilms, Begelman Mitchell C, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Jörn, Wilms, Begelman Mitchell C, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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B, Dove James, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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B, Dove James, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Self-consistent thermal accretion disk corona models for compact objects. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Mark, James E., Dale W. Schaefer, and Gui Lin. The Polysiloxanes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181739.001.0001.

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Polysiloxanes are the most studied inorganic and semi-inorganic polymers because of their many medical and commercial uses. The Si-O backbone endows polysiloxanes with intriguing properties: the strength of the Si-O bond imparts considerable thermal stability, and the nature of the bonding imparts low surface free energy. Prostheses, artificial organs, objects for facial reconstruction, vitreous substitutes in the eyes, and tubing take advantage of the stability and pliability of polysiloxanes. Artificial skin, contact lenses, and drug delivery systems utilize their high permeability. Such biomedical applications have led to biocompatibility studies on the interactions of polysiloxanes with proteins, and there has been interest in modifying these materials to improve their suitability for general biomedical application. Polysiloxanes examines novel aspects of polysiloxane science and engineering, including properties, work in progress, and important unsolved problems. The volume, with ten comprehensive chapters, examines the history, preparation and analysis, synthesis, characterization, and applications of these polymeric materials.
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Book chapters on the topic "Thermal object"

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Faucett, D. Calvin, Jennifer Wright, Matt Ayre, and Sung R. Choi. "Foreign Object Damage (FOD) in Thermal Barrier Coatings." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 245–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118491867.ch25.

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Mahajan, Jayant R., Neetu Agarwal, and Chandansingh Rawat. "Motion Object Tracking for Thermal Imaging Using Particle Filter." In Applied Computer Vision and Image Processing, 161–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4029-5_16.

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Kumar, Sachin, and Deepak Gaur. "Thermal Object Detection Using Yolov3 and Spatial Pyramid Pooling." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 553–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4087-9_46.

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Amemiya, Tomohiro. "Visualizing Thermal Traces to Reveal Histories of Human-Object Interactions." In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments, 477–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02710-9_52.

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Felsberg, Michael, Matej Kristan, Jiři Matas, Aleš Leonardis, Roman Pflugfelder, Gustav Häger, Amanda Berg, et al. "The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking VOT-TIR2016 Challenge Results." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 824–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48881-3_55.

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Kuś, Zygmunt, Joanna Radziszewska, and Aleksander Nawrat. "Weighted Pattern Vector for Object Tracking with the Use of Thermal Images." In Advanced Technologies in Practical Applications for National Security, 75–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64674-9_5.

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Wu, Shenming, Yishuo Huang, Yu-Min Su, and Yuan-Zhih Lin. "Evaluating the Thermal Characteristics of Rubberized Asphalt by Applying the Object-Based Approach." In Testing and Characterization of Asphalt Materials and Pavement Structures, 12–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95789-0_2.

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Goel, Rohini, Avinash Sharma, and Rajiv Kapoor. "An Efficient Object and Railway Track Recognition in Thermal Images Using Deep Learning." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 241–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8774-7_20.

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Wu, Falin, Guopeng Zhou, Jiaqi He, Haolun Li, Yushuang Liu, and Gongliu Yang. "Efficient Object Detection and Classification of Ground Objects from Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Image Based on Deep Learning." In Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, 165–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88013-2_14.

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Shimomura, Mitsuhiko, Masahiro Fujiwara, Yasutoshi Makino, and Hiroyuki Shinoda. "Estimation of Frictional Force Using the Thermal Images of Target Surface During Stroking." In Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications, 234–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_27.

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AbstractWe propose a method for estimating the frictional force between a contacted surface and the human touch using thermal video images captured using an infrared thermographic camera. Because this method can estimate force remotely, its application to various situations, in which the measurement is difficult to obtain using conventional contact-based methods, is expected. Furthermore, thermal images have the advantage of measuring physical quantities directly related to frictional force. As a result of machine learning using the measured data from multiple subjects and materials, we succeeded in estimating the frictional force with a high accuracy from the information of the temperature change on the surface. In addition, we account for both the frictional and direct heat transferred between the finger and object affecting the temperature change; therefore, we attempted to improve the accuracy by extracting only frictional heat. Consequently, our method succeeded in improving the accuracy.
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Conference papers on the topic "Thermal object"

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Blackmore, Byron, Robin Bornoff, Joe Proulx, and Andras Vass-Varnai. "Automated structure function object mapping." In 2018 34th Thermal Measurement, Modeling & Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/semi-therm.2018.8357361.

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Berg, Amanda, Jorgen Ahlberg, and Michael Felsberg. "A thermal Object Tracking benchmark." In 2015 12th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/avss.2015.7301772.

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Kondratov, Petr, Vitaliy Goj, and Sergey A. Voronov. "Multispectral observation for thermal object." In International Workshop on Optoelectronic and Hybrid Optical/Digital Systems for Image/Signal Processing, edited by Simon B. Gurevich, Zinovii T. Nazarchuk, and Leonid I. Muravsky. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.388448.

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Ippalapally, Rohan, Sri Harsha Mudumba, Meghana Adkay, and Nandi Vardhan H. R. "Object Detection Using Thermal Imaging." In 2020 IEEE 17th India Council International Conference (INDICON). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indicon49873.2020.9342179.

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Pashchenko, F. F., Y. I. Kudinov, A. F. Pashchenko, and E. S. Duvanov. "Fuzzy Quadratic Control of Thermal Object." In 2019 1st International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modelling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa48161.2019.8947607.

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Shih, Y. C., J. M. Khodadadi, and K. H. Weng. "Transient Leading to Periodic Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Cavity With Constant Temperature Walls Due to an Isothermal Rotating Object." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32193.

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Computational analysis of transient phenomenon followed by the periodic state of laminar flow and heat transfer due to a rotating object in a square cavity is investigated. A finite-volume-based computational methodology utilizing primitive variables is used. Various isothermal rotating objects (circle, square and equilateral triangle) with different sizes are placed in the middle of the cavity. A combination of a fixed computational grid with a sliding mesh was utilized for the square and triangle shapes. The motionless object is set in rotation at time t = 0 and its temperature is maintained constant but different from the temperature of the walls of the cavity. Natural convection heat transfer is neglected. For a given shape of the object and a constant angular velocity, a range of rotating Reynolds numbers are covered for a Pr = 5 fluid. The Reynolds numbers were selected so that the flow fields are not generally affected by the Taylor instabilities (Ta < 1750). The evolving flow field and the interaction of the rotating objects with the recirculating vortices at the four corners are elucidated. Similarities and differences of the flow and thermal fields for various shapes is discussed. Transient variations of the average Nusselt numbers on the surface of the rotating object and cavity walls show that for high Re numbers, a quasi-periodic behavior due to the onset of Taylor instabilities is dominant, whereas for low Re numbers, periodicity of the system is clearly observed. Time-integrated average Nusselt number of the cavity is correlated to the rotational Reynolds number and shape of the object. The triangle object clearly gives rise to high heat transfer followed by the square and circle objects.
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Yan Zhang, Ting Zhao, Jian Gu, and Shengyang Yu. "Accurate moving object detection in thermal imagery." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering (CSAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csae.2011.5952681.

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Shih, Y. C., J. M. Khodadadi, K. H. Weng, and H. F. Oztop. "Transient Leading to Periodic Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Differentially-Heated Cavity Due to an Insulated Rotating Object." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32192.

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Computational analysis of transient phenomenon followed by the periodic state of laminar flow and heat transfer due to an insulated rotating object in a square cavity is investigated. A finite-volume-based computational methodology utilizing primitive variables is used. Various rotating objects (circle, square and equilateral triangle) with different sizes are placed in the middle of the cavity. A combination of a fixed computational grid with a sliding mesh was utilized for the square and triangle shapes. The cavity is maintained as a differentially-heated enclosure and the motionless insulated object is set in rotation at time t = 0. Natural convection heat transfer is neglected. For a given shape of the object and a constant angular velocity, a range of rotating Reynolds numbers are covered for a Pr = 5 fluid. The Reynolds numbers were selected so that the flow fields are not generally affected by the Taylor instabilities (Ta < 1750). The evolving flow field and the interaction of the rotating objects with the recirculating vortices at the four corners are elucidated. The corresponding thermal fields in relation to the evolving flow patterns and the skewness of the temperature contours in comparison to conduction-only case were discussed. The skewness is observed to become more marked as the Reynolds number is lowered. At the same time, similarity of the thermal fields for various shapes for the same Reynolds number varifies the appropriate selection of the hydraulic diameter. Transient variations of the average Nusselt numbers on the two walls show that for high Re numbers, a quasi-periodic behavior due to the onset of the Taylor instabilities is dominant, whereas for low Re numbers, periodicity of the system is clearly observed. Time-integrated average Nusselt number of the cavity is correlated to the rotational Reynolds number and shape of the object. The triangle object clearly gives rise to high heat transfer followed by the square and circle objects.
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Kolodner, Paul, Marc Hodes, Ingo Ewes, and Paul Holmes. "Thermal-Resistance Measurements on Mechanical Gap Fillers." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73084.

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This paper discusses spring-loaded mechanical structures that can be used to make thermal connections between an object to be cooled, such as an integrated circuit, and a dissipative structure, like a cooling plate or heat sink. These metal structures are flexible and resilient, adapting to variations in orientation of the two objects to be coupled. Precision experiments and computations demonstrate that they have much lower thermal resistance than elastomeric “gap-filler” pads that are usually used to perform this function.
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Liebmann, Frank. "Determination of Emissivity by Using Reflected Thermal Radiation." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2014.07.

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The determination of emissivity is crucial in any temperature measurement using radiation thermometry. Without this knowledge, large measurement uncertainties result. There is a lack of information on emissivity for common materials. Where there are databases, these databases often give emissivity for a specific material in a range or give emissivity for different conditionings of the material. This information may not apply to certain uses of the material. This creates quite a bit of doubt for anyone making measurements in the field. What is needed is a method to determine emissivity for a material object in the field. In 2011, Yamada and Ishii discussed a method that was set up in a fixed geometry to determine the emissivity of a specular object. In this paper, a method is discussed to determine the emissivity of both specular and diffuse objects using a thermal radiation source. The theory is presented. Then, practical measurements which were made are discussed. These measurements are compared to emissivity determined by other methods.
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Reports on the topic "Thermal object"

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Clausen, Jay, Michael Musty, Anna Wagner, Susan Frankenstein, and Jason Dorvee. Modeling of a multi-month thermal IR study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41060.

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Inconsistent and unacceptable probability of detection (PD) and false alarm rates (FAR) due to varying environmental conditions hamper buried object detection. A 4-month study evaluated the environmental parameters impacting standoff thermal infra-red(IR) detection of buried objects. Field observations were integrated into a model depicting the temporal and spatial thermal changes through a 1-week period utilizing a 15-minute time-step interval. The model illustrates the surface thermal observations obtained with a thermal IR camera contemporaneously with a 3-d presentation of subsurface soil temperatures obtained with 156 buried thermocouples. Precipitation events and subsequent soil moisture responses synchronized to the temperature data are also included in the model simulation. The simulation shows the temperature response of buried objects due to changes in incoming solar radiation, air/surface soil temperature changes, latent heat exchange between the objects and surrounding soil, and impacts due to precipitation/changes in soil moisture. Differences are noted between the thermal response of plastic and metal objects as well as depth of burial below the ground surface. Nearly identical environmental conditions on different days did not always elicit the same spatial thermal response.
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Christie, Benjamin, Osama Ennasr, and Garry Glaspell. ROS integrated object detection for SLAM in unknown, low-visibility environments. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42385.

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Integrating thermal (or infrared) imagery on a robotics platform allows Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) to function in low-visibility environments, such as pure darkness or low-density smoke. To maximize the effectiveness of this approach we discuss the modifications required to integrate our low-visibility object detection model on a Robot Operating System (ROS). Furthermore, we introduce a method for reporting detected objects while performing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) by generating bounding boxes and their respective transforms in visually challenging environments.
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Clausen, Jay, Christopher Felt, Michael Musty, Vuong Truong, Susan Frankenstein, Anna Wagner, Rosa Affleck, Steven Peckham, and Christopher Williams. Modernizing environmental signature physics for target detection—Phase 3. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43442.

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The present effort (Phase 3) builds on our previously published prior efforts (Phases 1 and 2), which examined methods of determining the probability of detection and false alarm rates using thermal infrared for buried object detection. Environmental phenomenological effects are often represented in weather forecasts in a relatively coarse, hourly resolution, which introduces concerns such as exclusion or misrepresentation of ephemera or lags in timing when using this data as an input for the Army’s Tactical Assault Kit software system. Additionally, the direct application of observed temperature data with weather model data may not be the best approach because metadata associated with the observations are not included. As a result, there is a need to explore mathematical methods such as Bayesian statistics to incorporate observations into models. To better address this concern, the initial analysis in Phase 2 data is expanded in this report to include (1) multivariate analyses for detecting objects in soil, (2) a moving box analysis of object visibility with alternative methods for converting FLIR radiance values to thermal temperature values, (3) a calibrated thermal model of soil temperature using thermal IR imagery, and (4) a simple classifier method for automating buried object detection.
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Gritzo, L. A., J. L. Moya, and D. Murray. Fire characterization and object thermal response for a large flat plate adjacent to a large JP-4 fuel fire. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/437679.

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Clausen, Jay, Susan Frankenstein, Jason Dorvee, Austin Workman, Blaine Morriss, Keran Claffey, Terrance Sobecki, et al. Spatial and temporal variance of soil and meteorological properties affecting sensor performance—Phase 2. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41780.

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An approach to increasing sensor performance and detection reliability for buried objects is to better understand which physical processes are dominant under certain environmental conditions. The present effort (Phase 2) builds on our previously published prior effort (Phase 1), which examined methods of determining the probability of detection and false alarm rates using thermal infrared for buried-object detection. The study utilized a 3.05 × 3.05 m test plot in Hanover, New Hampshire. Unlike Phase 1, the current effort involved removing the soil from the test plot area, homogenizing the material, then reapplying it into eight discrete layers along with buried sensors and objects representing targets of inter-est. Each layer was compacted to a uniform density consistent with the background undisturbed density. Homogenization greatly reduced the microscale soil temperature variability, simplifying data analysis. The Phase 2 study spanned May–November 2018. Simultaneous measurements of soil temperature and moisture (as well as air temperature and humidity, cloud cover, and incoming solar radiation) were obtained daily and recorded at 15-minute intervals and coupled with thermal infrared and electro-optical image collection at 5-minute intervals.
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Jernigan, Dann A., and Thomas K. Blanchat. Temperature and heat flux datasets of a complex object in a fire plume for the validation of fire and thermal response codes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1018449.

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Kuznetsov, Victor, Vladislav Litvinenko, Egor Bykov, and Vadim Lukin. A program for determining the area of the object entering the IR sensor grid, as well as determining the dynamic characteristics. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/bykov.0415.15042021.

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Currently, to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of objects, quite a large number of devices are used in the form of chronographs, which consist of various optical, thermal and laser sensors. Among the problems of these devices, the following can be distinguished: the lack of recording of the received data; the inaccessibility of taking into account the trajectory of the object flying in the sensor area, as well as taking into consideration the trajectory of the object during the approach to the device frame. The signal received from the infrared sensors is recorded in a separate document in txt format, in the form of a table. When you turn to the document, data is read from the current position of the input data stream in the specified list by an argument in accordance with the given condition. As a result of reading the data, it forms an array that includes N number of columns. The array is constructed in a such way that the first column includes time values, and columns 2...N- the value of voltage . The algorithm uses cycles that perform the function of deleting array rows where there is a fact of exceeding the threshold value in more than two columns, as well as rows where the threshold level was not exceeded. The modified array is converted into two new arrays, each of which includes data from different sensor frames. An array with the coordinates of the centers of the sensor operation zones was created to apply the Pythagorean theorem in three-dimensional space, which is necessary for calculating the exact distance between the zones. The time is determined by the difference in the response of the first and second sensor frames. Knowing the path and time, we are able to calculate the exact speed of the object. For visualization, the oscillograms of each sensor channel were displayed, and a chronograph model was created. The chronograph model highlights in purple the area where the threshold has been exceeded.
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Workman, Austin, and Jay Clausen. Meteorological property and temporal variable effect on spatial semivariance of infrared thermography of soil surfaces for detection of foreign objects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41024.

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The environmental phenomenological properties responsible for the thermal variability evident in the use of thermal infrared (IR) sensor systems is not well understood. The research objective of this work is to understand the environmental and climatological properties contributing to the temporal and spatial thermal variance of soils. We recorded thermal images of surface temperature of soil as well as several meteorological properties such as weather condition and solar irradiance of loamy soil located at the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab (CRREL) facility. We assessed sensor performance by analyzing how recorded meteorological properties affected the spatial structure by observing statistical differences in spatial autocorrelation and dependence parameter estimates.
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Clausen, Jay, Jason Dorvee, Anna Wagner, Susan Frankenstein, Blaine Morriss, Keran Claffey, Terrance Sobecki, et al. Spatial and temporal variance in the thermal response of buried objects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/37799.

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