Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Thermal modification'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Thermal modification.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Perry, Paul Anthony. "Plasticisation and thermal modification of starch." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340970.
Full textMelissa, Agustin. "Thermal Stabilization of Nanocellulose by Chemical Modification." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225674.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第20449号
農博第2234号
新制||農||1050(附属図書館)
学位論文||H29||N5070(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科森林科学専攻
(主査)教授 矢野 浩之, 教授 木村 恒久, 教授 髙野 俊幸
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Boonstra, Michiel. "A two-stage thermal modification of wood." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10002/document.
Full textThermal modification or heat treatment is an effective method to improve the dimensional stability and biological durability of wood. An undesired side effect is the reduction of mechanical properties of wood, mainly due to the high temperatures involved (150-280°C). In this thesis the effects of heat treatment on wood properties are discussed in relation to anatomical and molecular changes found in wood after heat treatment. The results are based on investigations of a full-scale industrial heat treatment method under relative mild conditions (< 200°C) including a moist and dry treatment stage. Several changes and/or modifications of the main components of wood (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) appear to be involved in the effects of heat treatment on important wood properties like dimensional stability, strength/stiffness and biological durability. Although the effect of heat treatment on the anatomical structure of wood is limited, changes have been found affecting the properties of wood. This thesis provides a better understanding of thermal modification, which probably contributes to a more controlled use of heat-treated wood in service conditions
Dagbro, Ola. "Studies on Industrial-Scale Thermal Modification of Wood." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Träteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26624.
Full textFör godkännande; 2016; 20160314 (olahof); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Ola Dagbro Ämne: Träfysik/Wood Physics Avhandling: Studies on Industrial-Scale Thermal Modification of Wood Opponent: Associate Professor Lidia Gurau, Faculty of Wood Engineering, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania. Ordförande: Professor Diego Elustondo, Avd för träteknologi, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet, Luleå. Tid: Torsdag 16 juni, 2016 kl 10.00 Plats: Luleå tekniska universitet, Campus Skellefteå
Boonstra, Michiel Van Acker Joris Pizzi Antonio. "A two-stage thermal modification of wood Une modification thermique du bois en deux étapes /." S. l. : S. l. : Nancy 1 ; Gent University, 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2008_0002_BOONSTRA.pdf.
Full textAlkac, Dilek. "Modification Of Magnetic Properties Of Siderite By Thermal Treatment." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608729/index.pdf.
Full text#8211
Deveci siderite orevia preliminary thermal treatment has been the basic target of the thesis study.Thermal decomposition characteristics of samples, determined bythermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), were referenced in advancement of thestudy. Heat treatment experiments, particularly roasting, were carried out byconventional heating and microwave heating. Results showed that roasting of Hekimhan&
#8211
Deveci siderite samples could not be achieved by microwave energywhilst conventional heating experiments recorded success. Subsequentlow&
#8211
intensity magnetic separation of roasted samples gave recovery above 90%, where low&
#8211
intensity magnetic separation of run&
#8211
of&
#8211
mine sample had failed. Formation of high magnetic susceptibility phases was verified by magneticsusceptibility balance and x&
#8211
ray diffraction analysis (XRD), on roasted samples. Statistical modeling was applied to determine the optimum conditions of roastingin conventional heating system
based on heating temperature, time of heating, particle size as factors.It was concluded that roasting at T= 560 º
C, for t= 45 minutes was adequate toobtain desired results. Particle size was noted to be not much effective on the process as other factors at the studied size range. Kinetics (E, n) and reaction mechanism for the thermal decomposition in conventional heating system were evaluated with different solid&
#8211
state reaction models by interpretation of the model graphs.Three&
#8211
dimensional diffusion reaction models reported to characterize the thermal decomposition well, with values of activation energy (E), E= 85.53 kJ/mol (Jander)
E= 85.49 kJ/mol, (Ginstling&
#8211
Brounshtein).
Jones, Jeffrey R. "Modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) through thermal and photochemical crosslinking." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30045.
Full textMabb, John Ashley. "Modification of Atrium Design to Improve Thermal and Daylighting Performance." Queensland University of Technology, 2001. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15780/.
Full textFredi, Giulia. "Multifunctional polymer composites for thermal energy storage and thermal management." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/265328.
Full textPapini, Fabio. "Synthesis and modification of hydrotalcite as a thermal stabiliser for poly(vinylchloride)." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8562.
Full textLiangruksa, Monrudee. "Nanoscale thermal transport for biological and physical applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29770.
Full textPh. D.
Trinh, Pham Thi Doan. "Chemical/thermal modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) film for enhanced water vapour barrier properties." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2015. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20225/.
Full textKalan, Steven V. "Surface Modification of Silicon Through Thermal Annealing and Rinsing of Solvent Cast Polystyrene Films." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1316651768.
Full textWang, Xue. "Thermal Resistance Of Surface Modified, Dispersion Controlled CNT Foams." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1460425184.
Full textClark, John Graham. "The modification of Waxy Oil for preparing a potential feedstock for needle coke production." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26510.
Full textThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Chemical Engineering
unrestricted
Lane, Paul David. "Nanoscale surface modification studied by reflection anisotropy spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5660.
Full textJohnson, Richard Kwesi. "TEMPO-oxidized Nanocelluloses: Surface Modification and use as Additives in Cellulosic Nanocomposites." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29342.
Full textPh. D.
White, Lauren. "The Modification of Silica Aerogel Materials for Contemporary Use." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4204.
Full textIslamoglu, Erol Hamza. "Thermal Analysis Of Eutectic Modified And Grain Refined Aluminum-silicon Alloys." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606503/index.pdf.
Full textto see the effect of these agents on mechanical properties, hardness, tensile strength and percent elongation values were investigated. In this study the possibility of predicting the mechanical properties prior to casting by thermal analysis method was examined by regression analysis method. By this method relationship between thermal analysis parameters and mechanical properties was established.
Daba, Bedada Tadessa. "Effects of Solvent Engineering and Chemical Modification on the Activity and Stability of Wheat β-Amylase." Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188753.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第18315号
農博第2040号
新制||農||1020(附属図書館)
学位論文||H26||N4822(農学部図書室)
31173
京都大学大学院農学研究科食品生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 保川 清, 教授 安達 修二, 教授 入江 一浩
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Zaeni, Akhmad Materials Science & Engineering Faculty of Science UNSW. "Modification of fly ash colour from grey black to near white and incoporation of fly ash in polypropylene polymer." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Materials Science & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43755.
Full textLiu, Jing. "Mechanisms of lifetime improvement in Thermal Barrier Coatings with Hf and/or Y modification of CMSX-4 superalloy substrates." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3423.
Full textPh.D.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science & Engr PhD
Reza, S. M. Mohsin. "Design modification for the modular helium reactor for higher temperature operation and reliability studies for nuclear hydrogen production processes." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1354.
Full textQi, Letian, and Lihong Fu. "Effects of Choline Chloride, Urea and Their Deep Eutectic Solvents on the Modification of Leather - 155." Verein für Gerberei-Chemie und -Technik e. V, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34305.
Full textPazat, Alice. "Chemical Modification of Graphite-based Derivates and Their Uses in Elastomer Nanocomposites." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1050/document.
Full textThe aim of this study was the investigation of various dispersion methods for graphite-based fillers in elastomers such as polyisoprene, to enhance mechanical and barrier properties. To increase graphite-rubber interactions and so decrease filler-filler aggregation, graphite-based fillers have been chemically modified. Graphite was previously oxidized into graphite oxide (GO), bearing epoxide, hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups, which could further act as anchor sites for molecules and polymer chains. To increase the compatibility between GO and the polymeric matrix, amines and alkoxysilanes, as well as polymer chains, were grafted on GO. Grafting contents between 4-50 wt% were obtained, depending on the functionalization technique which was used. A thermal modification path of GO was also investigated and led to the formation of porous graphite structure. Polyisoprene composites containing 15 phr of these graphite-based fillers were prepared and showed decreased air permeability (-70 % for composites containing thermally-treated graphite filler, as compared to those containing carbon black only) as well as enhanced tensile properties. Finally, the use of ionic liquids as dispersing agents was investigated. Natural rubber – graphite composites with 1 wt% of ionic liquid displayed enhanced reinforcement (+ 25 % for the stress at 300 % strain) while maintaining similar strain at break to composites containing carbon black only
Sharma, Kartikeya. "Structural modifications of polyester fibres induced by thermal and chemical treatments to obtain high-performance fibres." Thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296254.
Full textPart A: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres In this work, various methods to produce Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) monofilaments (diameter: 30-50µm) with a radial gradient are presented along with a newly developed Raman spectroscopy technique to map these induced radial gradients in e.g. crystallinity. On similar lines, FTIR-ATR technique has been modified and adapted to study the surface properties of these fine filaments. Industrial filament samples and in-house melt-spun PET filaments have been successfully modified using various thermal and chemical treatments to obtain fibres with improved mechanical properties and reduced fibrillation. The structural changes occurring in the filaments on the microscopic level were characterized using infrared analysis, thermal analysis, Raman microscopy and X-ray techniques (SAXS and WAXD) among others. The fibrillation properties were tested by the industrial partners using a technique developed in-house followed by testing of masterbatch fibres on a weaving simulator. Lab-scale results revealed the structural anisotropy and radial gradient maps of the fibres which also demonstrated reduced fibrillation with some impact on mechanical properties also being observed. Part B: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) fibres This work presents studies on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) fibres with reversible structural changes. Previously reported literature shows that crystallization of P3HB fibres takes place majorly in the orthorhombic α-crystal form. However, the stress-annealing results in a change of the material behaviour of P3HB. P3HB fibres compose of amorphous regions, crystalline regions and mesophase in their structure. The mesophase is supposed to be located in between the α-crystals of the material as highly oriented tie-chains. This study targets to observe the effect of stress-annealing of the mesophase present in the P3HB fibres and its dependence on the annealing conditions. The changes in the mesophase content are observed with the help of a highly adapted polarized Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The presented results from polarized ATR-FTIR show that the mesophase is present in as-spun and high stress annealed fibres while it is absent in fibres annealed with low stress. However, the mesophase can be re-obtained in low stress annealed fibres through tensile drawing. In-situ ATR-FTIR was utilized to study the changes in the material behaviour during a tensile drawing process to observe the cyclicity in the occurrence of the mesophase. It was found that the existence of mesophase is a highly reversible process observed as a function of the peak intensities of the polarized ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
Starke, Robert. "Research on thermal modification of African alpine bamboo (Yushania alpina [K. Schumann] Lin) in terms of woven strand board (WSB) product development in Ethiopia." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-173554.
Full text’African Bamboo PLC’ setzt sich zum Ziel, als erstes Unternehmen Holzwerkstoffe aus Bambus nach Europa und Amerika zu exportieren. Afrikanischer Hochgebirgsbambus (Yushania alpina), welcher vor allem im Hochland von Äthiopien vorkommt, wurde dazu verwendet ”woven strand boards” (WSB) zu entwickeln. Untersuchungen zur thermischen Modifizierung waren dabei Bestandteil der Produktentwicklung. Die dafür notwendigen Bambusproben wurden hauptsächlich in Tetechia (6°33‘34‘‘ N 38°32‘25‘‘ W, 2650-2700 m ü. NN), einem Dorf in Sidama, entnommen. Es wurden dazu je drei Bambushalme der Altersklassen zwei, drei, vier und fünf Jahre geerntet. Proben für die Bestimmung von Holzfeuchte und Dichte wurden in der Mitte jedes Internodiums entnommen. Diese spielten als Referenzprobe eine große Rolle. Neben den Referenzprobekörpern wurden die jeweiligen Stücke für die thermische Behandlung heraus gesägt, wobei dies nach einer bestimmten Systematik erfolgte. Neben den Proben aus Tetechia wurden für die Untersuchungen zudem Proben aus anderen Gebieten und von einer anderen Art, dem Tieflandbambus (Oxytenanthera abyssinica), hinzugefügt. Die thermische Modifizierung erfolgte unter Wasserdampf, welcher oxidative Prozesse verhinderte. Insgesamt erfolgten acht Modifizierungen bei Temperaturen von 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C und 220 °C und einer jeweiligen Haltezeit von drei oder fünf Stunden. In Anbetracht der unbehandelten und behandelten Proben wurden der Masseverlust, die Bruchschlagarbeit, der Eindruckswiderstand und die chemische Zusammensetzung analysiert. Yushania alpina ist ein dünnwandiger Bambus mit Durchmessern bis zu 6 cm, Holzfeuchten bis 150 % und Dichten zwischen 0,5 g/cm² und 0,8 g/cm². Holzfeuchte, Durchmesser und Wandstärke verringerten sich mit der Halmhöhe, wobei die Dichte hingegen anstieg. Zweijähriger Bambus hatte die geringsten und dreijähriger Bambus die höchsten Dichten. Der Masseverlust folgte einem expontiellem Verlauf mit Werten von 2 % bei 160 °C und 16 % bei 220 °C. Er widerspiegelte den Abbau der Hemicellulose, welche bei 220 °C schon nicht mehr vorhanden war. Exktraktgehalte fluktuierten mit Werten unter 5 %. Der Ligningehalt lag bei ungefähr 30 % und stieg merklich an. Der Cellulosegehalt erreichte Werte von etwa 45 %, wobei die Cellulose bei höheren Temperaturen leicht abgebaut wurde. Die chemischen Veränderungen, welche maßgeblich von der angewandten Temperatur statt der Behandlungsdauer beeinflusst wurden, wirkten sich auf das Sorptionsverhalten und mechanische Eigenschaften aus. Je nach ausgesetztem Klima und erfolgter Modifikation wurde die Ausgleichsfeuchte der Proben um 10 % bis 40 % reduziert. Die Abnahme der Ausgleichsfeuchte stabilisierte sich im Temperaturbereich von 200 °C bis 220 °C. Die Bruchschlagarbeit des unbehandelten Bambus betrug 3,8 J/cm², die des behandelten nur 1,4 J/cm². Die Bruchschlagarbeit variierte unabhängig von der Modifikation zwischen dem inneren und äußeren Abschnittes innerhalb des Halmquerschnitts. Der Eindruckswiderstand nahm mit der thermischen Behandlung ebenfalls ab. Unbehandelte Proben hatten 47 N/mm², während die modifizierten Proben nur noch 20 N/mm² aufwiesen. Anhand der Ergebnisse und erworbenen Erfahrungen lies sich schlussfolgern, dass Temperaturen zwischen 180 °C und 200 °C bei einer Haltezeit von drei Stunden für die thermische Modifizierung von Äthiopischem Hochlandbambus in Bezug auf die Entwicklung von ”woven strand boards” empfehlenswert waren
Cademartori, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de, and Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori. "Propriedades tecnológicas da madeira termorretificada de três espécies de Eucalyptus." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1303.
Full textThis study aimed to evaluate physicomechanical and chemical behaviour of Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus cloeziana thermally modified wood. To achieve this, six trees of each species were randomly selected and samples measuring 1.6 x 1.6 x 25cm were prepared. The samples were thermally modified through exposure to nine treatments in an oven and in an autoclave steriliser. The process conditions in the oven were: temperatures between 180 and 240ºC and time of exposure of 4h, whereas for the treatments in autoclave a constant temperature (127°C) and pressure (1.5kgf/cm²) were used for 1h. The evaluation of the physical properties was done through the performance of weight loss, equilibrium moisture content, stability dimensional and specific gravity tests. Colour changes and wettability were measured by colorimetric and contact angle techniques, respectively. Regarding mechanical properties, thermally modified wood was evaluated through the performance of static bending tests and non-destructive ultrasonic tests. Chemical modifications were qualitatively measured through infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). The main results showed that thermal treatments significantly influenced weight loss, equilibrium moisture content and dimensional stability. On the other hand, specific gravity did not show a great behaviour in order to explain the influence of thermal treatments on wood. A gradual darkening in both radial and tangential sections was observed, mainly due to a high reduction of L* after treatment 2 (180°C), since a* and b* showed distinct behaviour. Generally, stiffness remained constant when related to the control treatment, whereas mechanical strength decreased significantly, mainly after the treatments 6, 7, 8 and 9. The use of the non-destructive ultrasound technique obtained coefficients of determination between 0.66 and 0.80 for the relationship MOE x Ed. The wettability of thermally modified wood presented the best results in the treatments 2, 3, 4 and 5 for all the species, with the contact angle increasing and remaining with high stability as a function of time of exposure. Infrared spectroscopy showed modifications in different peaks, mainly related to the hemicelluloses and crystallinity of the structure, representing thermal degradation of the material as a function of temperature of treatment. Therefore, the thermal treatments reduced hygroscopicity and modified the colour of the wood. The mechanical strength was reduced significantly and the ultrasound was efficient in order to estimate the modulus of elasticity. Wettability decreased significantly as a function of the thermal treatments and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) demonstrated to be an excellent tool for the qualitative analysis of chemical modifications due to thermal treatments.
O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento físico, mecânico e químico das madeiras de Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus cloeziana submetidas a diferentes tratamentos de termorretificação. Para tal, selecionaram-se ao acaso seis árvores de cada espécie para a confecção de corpos de prova com dimensões de 1,6 x 1,6 x 25cm. Submeteram-se os corpos de prova a nove tratamentos de termorretificação a partir da utilização de uma estufa e uma autoclave de esterilização. As condições de processo para os tratamentos em estufa foram temperatura entre 180 e 240°C e tempo de exposição de 4h, enquanto que a temperatura dos tratamentos em autoclave permaneceu constante em 127°C e pressão de 1,5 kgf/cm² durante 1h. A avaliação das propriedades físicas foi realizada por meio de ensaios de perda de massa, teor de umidade de equilíbrio, estabilidade dimensional e massa específica. Verificaram-se as alterações na coloração e molhabilidade por meio das técnicas de colorimetria e ângulo de contato, respectivamente. Mecanicamente, o material foi avaliado por meio de ensaios de flexão estática e ultrassom. As modificações químicas foram avaliadas qualitativamente por espectroscopia no infravermelho (ATR-IR). Os principais resultados mostraram significativa influência da termorretificação na perda de massa, teor de umidade de equilíbrio e estabilidade dimensional. Por outro lado, a massa específica não apresentou comportamento capaz de explicar a influência da termorretificação. Observou-se escurecimento gradual na madeira das três espécies em ambas as seções, em que se ressalta uma forte redução do L* após o tratamento 2 (180°C), diferentemente do a* e b* que apresentaram comportamento distinto. Verificou-se que, enquanto a rigidez da madeira termorretificada manteve-se inalterada quando relacionada ao tratamento de referência, a resistência do material foi significativamente reduzida, principalmente após os tratamentos 6, 7, 8 e 9. Já a utilização da técnica não destrutiva de ultrassom permitiu a obtenção de coeficientes de determinação entre 0,66 e 0,80 para a relação MOE x Ed. A molhabilidade da madeira termorretificada apresentou os melhores resultados para os tratamentos 2, 3, 4 e 5 na madeira das três espécies, em que o ângulo de contato elevou-se e manteve-se com maior estabilidade ao longo do tempo. A técnica de ATR-IR identificou modificações nos picos relacionados, principalmente as hemiceluloses e também à cristalinidade da estrutura, incitando a degradação térmica do material conforme o aumento da temperatura. Dessa maneira, concluiu-se que os tratamentos empregados foram suficientes para reduzir a higroscopicidade, bem como modificar os tons de cor para cada temperatura utilizada. A resistência mecânica foi significativamente reduzida e, ao mesmo tempo, o ultrassom mostrou-se eficiente quanto à predição do módulo de elasticidade. A molhabilidade da madeira reduziu significativamente conforme o emprego dos tratamentos. A ATR-IR mostrou-se como uma excelente ferramenta de análise qualitativa das modificações químicas ocorridas durante a termorretificação.
Mubarok, Mahdi. "Valorization of beech wood through development of innovative and environmentally friendly chemical modification treatments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0141.
Full textIn this study, improvement of physical and biological durability properties of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) has been performed through different bulking impregnation treatments. The first modification was based on the impregnation of vinylic derivatives of glycerol or polyglycerol as additive followed with different thermal modification conditions in the opened system (OHT) or in the closed system (HPS). The second modification was based on the in-situ polyesterification of sorbitol and citric acid at different concentrations and curing temperatures in the opened system. Various physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological durability properties of the modified woods were evaluated, including certain properties during modification. The results have disclosed that certain treatments can improve significantly physical and biological durability properties of wood against decay (white rot, brown rot, and soft rot fungi) and termites attacks in comparison to untreated wood or thermally modified woods
Shahverdi, Ali. "Synthesis of chemically-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes by counter-current ammonia gas injection into the induction thermal plasma process." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6630.
Full textSpeyer, Lucie. "Élaboration de mousses de graphène par voie solvothermale et modification de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0120/document.
Full textGraphene-based materials have attracted a great interest these last years, due to their outstanding properties. In particular, graphene foams offer a part of the properties of graphene, combined with a high surface area: they show great potentiality in some application domains such as energy. This thesis work is focused on the elaboration of graphene foams by a solvothermal-based process, an original method involving a solvothermal reaction between an alcohol and sodium, followed by a thermal treatment. The study of the compounds produced by the solvothermal reaction and the pyrolysis under a nitrogen flow was lead through multi-scale and complementary characterization techniques: mechanisms of formation of the solvothermal compound and graphenic foams have been proposed. The optimal conditions of pyrolysis were also determined, and provide the obtaining of graphene foams with a high structural quality and a large specific surface area. Furthermore, some types of post-elaboration treatments were carried out: notably, a vacuum annealing significantly improves the structural quality and the purity of the samples. Lastly, the modification of the physico-chemical properties of the foams through the chemistry of carbon materials intercalation has been studied. Graphene films were prepared from the intercalated foams and their electrical properties were evaluated
Segerholm, Kristoffer. "Characteristics of wood plastic composites based on modified wood : Moisture properties, biological performance and micromorphology." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Byggnadsmaterial, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105217.
Full textQC 20121119
Liu, Jing. "EFFECT OF AMYLOSE AND PROTEIN OXIDATION ON THE THERMAL, RHEOLOGICAL, STRUCTURAL, AND DIGESTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAXY AND COMMON RICE FLOURS AND STARCHES." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/23.
Full textWentzel, Maximilian [Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Militz, Christian [Gutachter] Brischke, Carsten [Gutachter] Mai, Andrea [Gutachter] Polle, Christian [Gutachter] Ammer, and František [Gutachter] Hapla. "Process optimization of thermal modification of Chilean Eucalyptus nitens plantation wood / Maximilian Wentzel ; Gutachter: Christian Brischke, Carsten Mai, Andrea Polle, Christian Ammer, František Hapla ; Betreuer: Holger Militz." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179449177/34.
Full textWentzel, Maximilian Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] [Militz, Christian [Gutachter] Brischke, Carsten [Gutachter] Mai, Andrea Gutachter] Polle, Christian [Gutachter] [Ammer, and František [Gutachter] Hapla. "Process optimization of thermal modification of Chilean Eucalyptus nitens plantation wood / Maximilian Wentzel ; Gutachter: Christian Brischke, Carsten Mai, Andrea Polle, Christian Ammer, František Hapla ; Betreuer: Holger Militz." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E5A0-2-2.
Full textBehr, Georg [Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Militz, Holger [Gutachter] Militz, and Andreas [Gutachter] Krause. "The influence of melamine treatment in combination with thermal modification on the properties and performance of native hardwoods / Georg Behr ; Gutachter: Holger Militz, Andreas Krause ; Betreuer: Holger Militz." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209358204/34.
Full textBehr, Georg [Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Militz, Holger Gutachter] Militz, and Andreas [Gutachter] [Krause. "The influence of melamine treatment in combination with thermal modification on the properties and performance of native hardwoods / Georg Behr ; Gutachter: Holger Militz, Andreas Krause ; Betreuer: Holger Militz." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1389-B-7.
Full textLizotte, Jeremy Richard. "Synthesis and Characterization of Tailored Macromolecules via Stable Free Radical Polymerization Methodologies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28998.
Full textPh. D.
Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M. "The secret life of small alcohols : the discovery and exploitation of fragmentation, adduct formation and auto-modification phenomena in differential ion mobility spectrometry leading to next-generation toxicity screening." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23270.
Full textJunior, Virgilio Tattini. "Efeito da liofilização sobre a estrutura e mudanças de fase da albumina bovina modificada por reação com metoxi-polietilenoglicol." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9134/tde-19092006-194927/.
Full textPEG conjugation masks the proteins surface and increases the molecular size of the polypeptide, thus reducing its renal ultrafiltration, preventing the approach of antibodies or antigen processing cells and reducing the degradation by proteolytic enzymes. The PEG conveys to molecules its physico-chemical properties and therefore modifies also biodistribution and solubility of peptide and non-peptide drugs. This property opens new techniques in biocatalysis and in pharmaceutical technology where many insoluble drugs are solubilized by PEG conjugation and thus more easily administered. Aqueous protein solutions are readily denatured (often irreversibly) by numerous stresses arising in solution, e.g., heating, agitation, freezing, pH changes, and exposure to interfaces or denaturants, usually resulting in lost of clinical efficacy and increase the risk of adverse side effects. Even if its physical stability is maintained, a protein can be degraded by chemical reactions (e.g., hydrolysis and deamidation), many of which are mediated by water. The practical solution to the protein stability dilemma is to remove the water. Lyophilization is most commonly used to prepare dehydrated proteins, which, theorecally, should have the desired long-term stability at ambient temperatures. The protein used in this study was the bovine serum albumin (BSA), largely studied in the biochemical field. Through Raman spectroscopy associated with thermal analysis using DSC, Colorimetric analysis and the determination of water content It was observed that the fast freezing (30 °C/min.) favored the maintenance of the conformational structure in the protein after lyophilization, however increased the primary drying in seven hours with regard to the slow freezing (2,5 °C/min.). After the modification of bovine serum albumin with methoxy-PEG it was observed that the BSA-PEG (1:0,25) showed a lower degree of structural alterations and consequently a lower variation on the physical-chemical characteristics, moreover optimized the conditions during the lyophilization process and storage of the protein when it was compared to BSA-PEG (1:0,5).
Radwan, Badreddin. "Treatment of a Liquid Al-Si Alloy : Quality Control and Comparison of Two Melt Degassing Processes." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Material och tillverkning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48236.
Full textApicella, Fernandez Sergio. "Surface energy modification of metal oxide to enhance electron injection in light-emitting devices : charge balance in hybrid OLEDs and OLETs." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25097.
Full textDavid, Sarah-Anne. "Impact de l'acclimatation embryonnaire à la chaleur sur des modifications post-traductionnelles des histones chez le poulet." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4036.
Full textPerinatal environment changes may alter gene expression throughout life via epigenetic modifications. A strategy to improve thermal tolerance of heat-sensitive chickens is a thermalmanipulation during embryogenesis (TM). During a heat challenge at the end of the rearing period (D35), modifications of gene expression have been reported in thermally-manipulated chickens. These alterations could be linked to epigenetic modifications induced during the TM that persist throughout life. This work focused on two histone post-translational modifications (HPTM): H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. We adjusted two methods of chromatin immunoprecipitation to conduct a whole genome study of these HPTM at D35, in the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle. We demonstrated that the TM has a major impact in the hypothalamus, especially on H3K4me3. These alterations seem to modulate the hypothalamic morphogenesis and its response to hormones, therefore possibly contributing to better adaptive capacities of TM chickens
Moreira, Ana Sofia Pereira. "Study of modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment in oligo and polysaccharides of coffee by mass spectrometry." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17074.
Full textOs polissacarídeos são os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café verde e torrado e da bebida de café. Os mais abundantes são as galactomananas, seguindo-se as arabinogalactanas. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas sofrem modificações estruturais, as quais estão longe de estar completamente elucidadas devido à sua diversidade e à complexidade estrutural dos compostos formados. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas reagem com proteínas, ácidos clorogénicos e sacarose, originando compostos castanhos de alto peso molecular contendo nitrogénio, designados de melanoidinas. As melanoidinas do café apresentam diversas atividades biológicas e efeitos benéficos para a saúde. No entanto, a sua estrutura exata e os mecanismos envolvidos na sua formação permanecem desconhecidos, bem como a relação estrutura-atividade biológica. A utilização de sistemas modelo e a análise por espectrometria de massa permitem obter uma visão global e, simultaneamente, detalhada das modificações estruturais nos polissacarídeos do café promovidas pela torra, contribuindo para a elucidação das estruturas e mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas. Com base nesta tese, oligossacarídeos estruturalmente relacionados com a cadeia principal das galactomananas, (β1→4)-Dmanotriose (Man3), e as cadeias laterais das arabinogalactanas, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose (Ara3), isoladamente ou em misturas com ácido 5-Ocafeoilquínico (5-CQA), o ácido clorogénico mais abundante nos grãos de café verde, e péptidos compostos por tirosina e leucina, usados como modelos das proteínas, foram sujeitos a tratamento térmico a seco, mimetizando o processo de torra. A oxidação induzida por radicais hidroxilo (HO•) foi também estudada, uma vez que estes radicais parecem estar envolvidos na modificação dos polissacarídeos durante a torra. A identificação das modificações estruturais induzidas por tratamento térmico e oxidativo dos compostos modelo foi feita por estratégias analíticas baseadas principalmente em espectrometria de massa, mas também em cromatografia líquida. A cromatografia de gás foi usada na análise de açúcares neutros e ligações glicosídicas. Para validar as conclusões obtidas com os compostos modelo, foram também analisadas amostras de polissacarídeos do café obtidas a partir de resíduo de café e café instantâneo. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos oligossacarídeos modelo quando submetidos a tratamento térmico (seco), assim como à oxidação induzida por HO• (em solução), indicam a ocorrência de despolimerização, o que está de acordo com estudos anteriores que reportam a despolimerização das galactomananas e arabinogalactanas do café durante a torra. Foram ainda identificados outros compostos resultantes da quebra do anel de açúcares formados durante o tratamento térmico e oxidativo da Ara3. Por outro lado, o tratamento térmico a seco dos oligossacarídeos modelo (individualmente ou quando misturados) promoveu a formação de oligossacarídeos com um maior grau de polimerização, e também polissacarídeos com novos tipos de ligações glicosídicas, evidenciando a ocorrência de polimerização através reações de transglicosilação não enzimática induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco. As reações de transglicosilação induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco podem ocorrer entre resíduos de açúcares provenientes da mesma origem, mas também de origens diferentes com formação de estruturas híbridas, contendo arabinose e manose como observado nos casos dos compostos modelo usados. Os resultados obtidos a partir de amostras do resíduo de café e de café instantâneo sugerem a presença de polissacarídeos híbridos nestas amostras de café processado, corroborando a ocorrência de transglicosilação durante o processo de torra. Além disso, o estudo de misturas contendo diferentes proporções de cada oligossacarídeo modelo, mimetizando regiões do grão de café com composição distinta em polissacarídeos, sujeitos a diferentes períodos de tratamento térmico, permitiu inferir que diferentes estruturas híbridas e não híbridas podem ser formadas a partir das arabinogalactanas e galactomananas, dependendo da sua distribuição nas paredes celulares do grão e das condições de torra. Estes resultados podem explicar a heterogeneidade de estruturas de melanoidinas formadas durante a torra do café. Os resultados obtidos a partir de misturas modelo contendo um oligossacarídeo (Ara3 ou Man3) e 5-CQA sujeitas a tratamento térmico a seco, assim como de amostras provenientes do resíduo de café, mostraram a formação de compostos híbridos compostos por moléculas de CQA ligadas covalentemente a um número variável de resíduos de açúcar. Além disso, os resultados obtidos a partir da mistura contendo Man3 e 5-CQA mostraram que o CQA atua como catalisador das reações de transglicosilação. Por outro lado, nas misturas modelo contendo um péptido, mesmo contendo também 5-CQA e sujeitas ao mesmo tratamento, observou-se uma diminuição na extensão das reações transglicosilação. Este resultado pode explicar a baixa extensão das reações de transglicosilação não enzimáticas durante a torra nas regiões do grão de café mais ricas em proteínas, apesar dos polissacarídeos serem os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café. A diminuição das reações de transglicosilação na presença de péptidos/proteínas pode dever-se ao facto de os resíduos de açúcares redutores reagirem preferencialmente com os grupos amina de péptidos/proteínas por reação de Maillard, diminuindo o número de resíduos de açúcares redutores disponíveis para as reações de transglicosilação. Além dos compostos já descritos, uma diversidade de outros compostos foram formados a partir dos sistemas modelo, nomeadamente derivados de desidratação formados durante o tratamento térmico a seco. Em conclusão, a tipificação das modificações estruturais promovidas pela torra nos polissacarídeos do café abre o caminho para a compreensão dos mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas e da relação estrutura-atividade destes compostos.
Polysaccharides are the major components of green and roasted coffee beans, and coffee brew. The most abundant ones are galactomannans, followed by arabinogalactans. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans undergo structural modifications that are far to be completely elucidated due to their diversity and complexity of the compounds formed. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans react with proteins, chlorogenic acids, and sucrose, originating high molecular weight brown compounds containing nitrogen, known as melanoidins. Several biological activities and beneficial health effects have been attributed to coffee melanoidins. However, their exact structures and the mechanisms involved in their formation remain unknown, as well as the structure-biological activity relationship. The use of model systems and mass spectrometry analysis allow to obtain an overall view and, simultaneously, detailed, of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting, contributing to the elucidation of the structures and formation mechanisms of melanoidins. Based on this thesis, oligosaccharides structurally related to the backbone of galactomannans, (β1→4)-D-mannotriose, and the side chains of arabinogalactans, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose, alone or in mixtures with 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, the most abundant chlorogenic acid in green coffee beans, and dipeptides composed by tyrosine and leucine, used as models of proteins, were submitted to dry thermal treatments, mimicking the coffee roasting process. The oxidation induced by hydroxyl radicals (HO•) was also studied, since these radicals seem to be involved in the modification of the polysaccharides during roasting. The identification of the structural modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment of the model compounds was performed mostly by mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies, but also using liquid chromatography. Gas chromatography was used in the analysis of neutral sugars and glycosidic linkages. To validate the conclusions achieved with the model compounds, coffee polysaccharide samples obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee were also analysed. The results obtained from the model oligosaccharides when submitted to thermal treatment (dry) or oxidation induced by HO• (in solution) indicate the occurrence of depolymerization, which is in line with previous studies reporting the depolymerization of coffee galactomannans and arabinogalactans during roasting. Compounds resulting from sugar ring cleavage were also formed during thermal treatment and oxidative treatment of Ara3. On the other hand, the dry thermal treatment of the model oligosaccharides (alone or when mixed) promoted the formation of oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerization, and also polysaccharides with new type of glycosidic linkages, evidencing the occurrence of polymerization via non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment. The transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment can occur between sugar residues from the same origin, but also of different origins, with formation of hybrid structures, containing arabinose and mannose in the case of the model compounds used. The results obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee samples suggest the presence of hybrid polysaccharides in these processed coffee samples, corroborating the occurrence of transglycosylation during the roasting process. Furthermore, the study of mixtures containing different proportions of each model oligosaccharide, mimicking coffee bean regions with distinct polysaccharide composition, subjected to different periods of thermal treatment, allowed to infer that different hybrid and non-hybrid structures may be formed from arabinogalactans and galactomannans, depending on their distribution in the bean cell walls and on roasting conditions. These results may explain the heterogeneity of melanoidins structures formed during coffee roasting. The results obtained from model mixtures containing an oligosaccharide (Ara3 or Man3) and 5-CQA and subjected to dry thermal treatment, as well as samples derived from spent coffee grounds, showed the formation of hybrid compounds composed by CQA molecules covalently linked to a variable number of sugar residues. Moreover, the results obtained from the mixture containing Man3 and 5-CQA showed that CQA acts as catalyst of transglycosylation reactions. On the other hand, in the model mixtures containing a peptide, even if containing 5-CQA and subjected to the same treatment, it was observed a decrease in the extent of transglycosylation reactions. This outcome can explain the low extent of non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions during roasting in coffee bean regions enriched in proteins, although polysaccharides are the major components of the coffee beans. The decrease of transglycosylation reactions in the presence of peptides/proteins can be related with the preferential reactivity of reducing residues with the amino groups of peptides/proteins by Maillard reaction, decreasing the number of reducing residues available to be directly involved in the transglycosylation reactions. In addition to the compounds already described, a diversity of other compounds were formed from model systems, namely dehydrated derivatives formed during dry thermal treatment. In conclusion, the identification of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting pave the way to the understanding of the mechanisms of formation of melanoidins and structure-activity relationship of these compounds.
Somer, Aloisi. "EFEITOS DE MODIFICAÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS SOBRE A DIFUSIVIDADE TÉRMICA EFETIVA EM SISTEMAS COM DUPLA CAMADA MEDIDA PELA TÉCNICA DE CÉLULA FOTOACÚSTICA ABERTA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2016. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/853.
Full textFundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná
The generation of mechanical waves can be produced in the air in contact with the surface of a sample since a modulated light focus on that sample. This feature is well known, and there are several techniques and theoretical models to elucidate this process. One of the techniques used to measure such waves is the technique of cell Open Photoacoustic (OPC), and why it is can estimate the thermal diffusivity of a sample. The hypothesis in this thesis is that small structural changes in thin superficial layers can influence on effective thermal diffusivity measured by the OPC technique. Initially, it was carried out a review of mathematical models presented in the literature for samples with double layer, and the approach of a second thin layer. It has been found that the influence of a thin layer on a thick sample is negligible, and, therefore, the effective thermal diffusivity tends to the value of the thermal diffusivity of the bulk sample in all models. To check the influence of structural modification in a second thin layer were produced two sets of samples with two kinds of surface structural changes in samples with metallic volume. The first set was with changes in the proportions of rutile and anatase, the structural phases TiO2 film which was grown by thermal oxidation treatment in three types of titanium metal: two degrees of purity titanium, Ti and TiG2, and a TiG5 alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). The correlation of effective thermal diffusivity and the structural modification of layers grown by different thermal treatment (at 600 and 700ºC) in various treatment times was established. The effective thermal diffusivity determined by OPC is directly proportional to anatase quantity in the thermally grown layer of samples. In the second set were created different concentrations of structural martensite phase by mechanical polishing of austenitic AISI304 steel samples, having an austenitic volume. The effective thermal diffusivity values are influenced as the ratio martensite/austenite as the thickness of the sample. It was expected a decrease in effective thermal diffusivity values with decreasing the martensite quantity on the surface of samples as with the increase in the thickness of samples. This behavior was partially observed, however for small proportions of martensite and higher thickness values the effective thermal diffusivity increases. This feature can be associated with non-linear effects. Also, a method to check the thermal diffusivity values obtained by the OPC technique was proposed. This procedure comes from the dependency of the weight parameter thermoelastic bending C2, which depends on the thickness of the sample. If the dependence of C2 is as close to ls-3 confirms the values of thermal diffusivity. The method was tested for aluminum samples successfully. In conclusion, the variation in concentration of structural changes on sample´s surface and thin layers can influence the effective thermal diffusivity obtained by OPC technique, contrary to the theoretical models predict.
A geração de ondas mecânicas pode ser produzida no ar em contato com a superfície de uma amostra desde que sobre a mesma incida uma luz modulada. Isso já é bem conhecido e existem várias técnicas e modelos para elucidar tal processo. Uma das técnicas utilizadas na mensuração de tais ondas é a técnica de Célula Fotoacústica Aberta (OPC – Open Photoacoustic Cell), pela qual é possível estimar a difusividade térmica de uma amostra. A hipótese levantada nesta tese é que pequenas modificações estruturais em finas camadas superficiais possam influenciar a difusividade térmica efetiva mensurada pela técnica OPC. Inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica dos modelos matemáticos para amostras com dupla camada, e para a aproximação de uma segunda camada muito fina. Foi verificado que a influência de uma fina camada sobre uma amostra espessa é desprezível, e consequentemente, a difusividade térmica efetiva tende ao valor da difusividade térmica do volume da amostra, em todos os modelos. Para verificar a influência de uma modificação estrutural em uma segunda camada muito fina foram produzidos dois conjuntos de amostras, com dois tipos de modificações estruturais superficiais em amostras metálicas. O primeiro conjunto com alterações das proporções entre rutilo e anatásio, fases estruturais do filme de TiO2, que foi crescido por meio de tratamento de oxidação térmico um volume de titânio metálico para três tipos deste metal: dois graus de pureza de titânio, Ti e TiG2, e uma liga TiG5 (Ti-6Al-4V). A correlação de difusividade térmica e a microestrutura das camadas crescidas por tratamento de oxidação térmico sobre Ti, TiG2 e TiG5 a 600 ºC e 700 ºC, em diferentes tempos foi estabelecida. Observou-se que a difusividade térmica efetiva medida pela técnica OPC é diretamente proporcional a quantidade de anatásio na camada criada por tratamento térmico. No segundo conjunto foram criadas diferentes concentrações da fase estrutural martensita por polimento mecânico em amostras de aço austenítico AISI304, que possui um volume austenítico. Foi observado que a difusividade térmica efetiva teve influência tanto da razão martenstia/austenita quanto da espessura do volume da amostra. Esperava-se uma diminuição da difusividade térmica efetiva com a redução da quantidade de martensita na superfície e com o aumento da espessura do volume da amostra. Esse comportamento foi parcialmente observado, mas para pequenas proporções de martensita e maiores espessuras a difusividade térmica efetiva tornou a aumentar. Comportamento que pode ser associado a possíveis efeitos não lineares. Ainda, foi proposto um método de confirmação para os valores da difusividade térmica medida pela técnica OPC. Esse método parte da dependência do parâmetro peso da flexão termoelástica C2, o qual depende da espessura da amostra. Quando a dependência medida para o parâmetro C2 estiver próxima ls-3 confirma-se os valores da difusividade térmica. O método foi testado para amostras de alumino com êxito. Em conclusão é constatado que modificações na concentração da fase estrutural na superfície e em finas camadas têm influência na difusividade térmica efetiva medida pela técnica OPC, ao contrário do constatado pelos modelos teóricos presentes na literatura.
Vacek, Petr. "Modifikace vrstev deponovaných technologiemi HVOF a cold spray pomocí technologie elektronového paprsku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254211.
Full textGablech, Imrich. "Polovodičové senzory plynů na bázi oxidu ciničitého." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221035.
Full textNorin, Lars. "Secondary Electromagnetic Radiation Generated by HF Pumping of the Ionosphere." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Astronomi och rymdfysik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9393.
Full textSilva, Cássia Cavalcanti [UNESP]. "Efeito de inoculantes para refino de grão e modificador de eutético na curva de resfriamento da liga A356 e da liga A356 reciclada." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141999.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-03T16:09:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvia_cc_dr_guara.pdf: 9369604 bytes, checksum: d9e7dedc0ffe91324f392628a9e5c12f (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:09:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvia_cc_dr_guara.pdf: 9369604 bytes, checksum: d9e7dedc0ffe91324f392628a9e5c12f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-07
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A liga AA 356 é uma liga Al-Si amplamente utilizada tanto na indústria automobilística como na aeronáutica. Para melhorar suas propriedades mecânicas, são usados inoculantes para o refino de grão e para modificação eutética. Os componentes solidificados em moldes metálicos, que são mais eficientes na extração de calor, em geral, têm propriedades mecânicas superiores àqueles solidificados em moldes de areia que apresentam uma menor taxa de extração de calor. A curva de resfriamento que é uma curva da temperatura em função do tempo obtida da extremidade de um termopar localizado no centro do molde e conectado a um sistema de aquisição de dados é uma ferramenta que permite avaliar tanto o refino de grão quanto a modificação eutética. Essa ferramenta permite observar também a formação de fases intermetálicas, e é influenciada por fatores como a taxa de resfriamento. A primeira derivada da curva de resfriamento que representa a taxa de resfriamento é parte da ferramenta, pois melhora a precisão dos dados obtidos com a curva de resfriamento. Para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho foram preparados lingotes variando-se o material do molde (areia e aço), o teor de modificador de eutético e a adição de refinador de grão, ambos na forma de ligas-mãe (ante-liga) Al-10Sr e Al-5Ti-1B, respectivamente. Os valores para traçar as curvas de resfriamento foram obtidos monitorando a temperatura do metal desde o vazamento até sua completa solidificação e posterior resfriamento. Amostras do material foram preparadas para metalografia e obtidas imagens de macroestrutura e microestrutura. Da microestrutura foram obtidas as imagens com o ataque químico convencional e o ataque químico profundo; foram realizadas medidas de fração de porosidade por área, por técnica de microscopia, além de medidas de dureza Vickers e Brinell. Os resultados confirmam que a técnica da análise térmica da curva de resfriamento é uma excelente ferramenta, pois além de fornecer as temperaturas solidus e liquidus, as temperaturas de transformações de fases e informações sobre a eficácia do refino de grão e modificação eutética, pode ser utilizada na avaliação da presença de impurezas e na identificação de fases presentes nas ligas, tanto da liga primária quanto da liga reciclada.
The alloy AA 356 is an Al-Si alloy widely used in the automotive and aeronautics industry. To improve the mechanical properties of this alloy inoculants are used to grain refine and eutectic modification. The solidified components in metal mold, with a higher heat extraction rate, generally have mechanical properties superior to those solidified in sand mold with a lower heat extraction rate. The cooling curve is a curve of temperature versus time obtained in the end of a thermocouple located in the center of the mold and connected to a data acquisition system. It is a tool to evaluate both the grain refinement as the eutectic modification. This tool also can also be used to observe the formation of intermetallic phases, and is influenced by factors such as the cooling rate. The first derivative of the curve representing the cooling rate is part of the tool because it improves the accuracy of the data obtained from the curve. For the development of this work ingots were prepared varying the mold material (sand and steel), the content of eutectic modifier and the grain refiner addition , both in the form of master alloys Al-10Sr and Al-5Ti-1B, respectively.The data for plotting the cooling curves were obtained experimentally during solidification; Samples of the material were prepared for metallography and macrostructure and microstructure images were obtained. Through microstructure images obtained with conventional etching and deep etching. Porosity fraction area was measured by microscopy technique and hardness measurements were performed by Vickers and Brinell metdhod. The results confirm that the thermal analysis of the cooling curve is an excellent tool because provides the solidus and liquidus temperatures and the phase transformations on the effectiveness of the grain refining and eutectic modification and it can be used to assess the presence of impurities in the phase identification, for both the primary alloy and the recycled alloy.
Petrasová, Zuzana. "Koncepce integrovaných zařízení pro jednotky „waste-to-energy“." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416432.
Full text