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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermal Dewetting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Gamboa, Arielle R., Michael P. Nitzsche, Valeria Saro-Cortes, Tianxing Ma, Lin Lei, and Jonathan P. Singer. "Thermocapillary Multidewetting of Thin Films." MRS Advances 3, no. 18 (2018): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.327.

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ABSTRACTThermocapillary dewetting of liquids and molten films has recently emerged as a viable alternative to conventional microprocessing methods. As this thermal gradient-induced mechanism is universal, it can be applied to any material. This work explores the sequential dewetting of materials with varying melting points, including polymers and metals, to create aligned morphologies. The variation in melting point allows for the dewetting of single layers at a time or mobility-limited simultaneous dewetting. As a result, a variety of multimaterial structures can be produced with built-in alignment, such as arrays of concentric circles, lines with periodic segmentation, or islands on holes. This approach employs photothermal methods to induce the necessary thermal gradient, manipulating several variables in order to influence the consequent structures. Adjusting laser power and light intensity allows for the control of temperature for selective dewetting of films; altering beam size and exposure time affects the extent of dewetting in terms of diameter size; overlap effects and simultaneous dewetting can result in complex architectures. This controlled writing of patterns also presents a technique to create both masks at low temperatures for conductive multilayers as well as templates for electrospray deposition.

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2

Bonvicini, Stephanie Nicole, Bo Fu, Alison Joy Fulton, Zhitai Jia, and Yujun Shi. "Formation of Au, Pt, and bimetallic Au–Pt nanostructures from thermal dewetting of single-layer or bilayer thin films." Nanotechnology 33, no. 23 (March 17, 2022): 235604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac5a83.

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Abstract Formation of Au, Pt, and bimetallic Au–Pt nanostructures by thermal dewetting of single-layer Au, Pt and bilayer Au–Pt thin films on Si substrates was systematically studied. The solid-state dewetting of both single-layer and bilayer metallic films was shown to go through heterogeneous void initiation followed by void growth via capillary agglomeration. For the single-layer of Au and Pt films, the void growth started at a temperature right above the Hüttig temperature, at which the atoms at the surface or at defects become mobile. Uniformly distributed Au (7 ± 1 nm to 33 ± 8 nm) and Pt (7 ± 1 nm) NPs with monodispersed size distributions were produced from complete dewetting achieved for thinner 1.7−5.5 nm thick Au and 1.4 nm thick Pt films, respectively. The NP size is strongly dependent on the initial thin film thickness, but less so on temperature and time. Thermal dewetting of Au–Pt bilayer films resulted in partial dewetting only, forming isolated nano-islands or large particles, regardless of sputtering order and total thin film thickness. The increased resistance to thermal dewetting shown in the Au–Pt bilayer films as compared to the individual Au or Pt layer is a reflection of the stabilizing effect that occurs upon adding Pt to Au in the bimetallic system. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopic analysis showed that the two metals in the bilayer films broke up together instead of dewetting individually. According to the x-ray diffraction analysis, the produced Au–Pt nanostructures are phase-segregated, consisting of an Au-rich phase and a Pt-rich phase.

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3

Kwak, Taejin, and Dongchoul Kim. "Controlling Equilibrium Morphologies of Bimetallic Nanostructures Using Thermal Dewetting via Phase-Field Modeling." Materials 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2021): 6697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216697.

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Herein, we report a computational model for the morphological evolution of bimetallic nanostructures in a thermal dewetting process, with a phase-field framework and superior optical, physical, and chemical properties compared to those of conventional nanostructures. The quantitative analysis of the simulation results revealed nano-cap, nano-ring, and nano-island equilibrium morphologies of the deposited material in thermal dewetting, and the morphologies depended on the gap between the spherical patterns on the substrate, size of the substrate, and deposition thickness. We studied the variations in the equilibrium morphologies of the nanostructures with the changes in the shape of the substrate pattern and the thickness of the deposited material. The method described herein can be used to control the properties of bimetallic nanostructures by altering their equilibrium morphologies using thermal dewetting.

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4

Pangpaiboon, Nampueng, and Nisanart Traiphol. "Dewetting Suppression of Polystyrene Thin Film Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles." Key Engineering Materials 608 (April 2014): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.608.218.

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Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on thermal stability of polymeric thin film are investigated in this study. Polystyrene with molecular weight of 52,000 g/mol is used as a base polymer. The concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in polystyrene are varied from 0-0.20 wt.%. Films are fabricated by spin casting on Si wafer substrate and annealed at 180 °C and 190 °C for various times in order to study dynamics of dewetting. Film morphologies are analysed by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Dewetting areas of each film as a function of annealing time are determined. It is found that addition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles suppresses dewetting in polystyrene film with thicknesses of ~30 nm and ~100 nm. The same titanium dioxide amounts, on the other hand, accelerate dewetting process in the film with thickness of ~265 nm. Mechanisms of dewetting suppression in polymeric film by titanium dioxide nanoparticles are discussed.

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5

Andrikaki, Sonia, Katerina Govatsi, Spyros N. Yannopoulos, George A. Voyiatzis, and Konstantinos S. Andrikopoulos. "Thermal dewetting tunes surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) performance." RSC Advances 8, no. 51 (2018): 29062–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra05451g.

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6

Beshr, M., E. Dexter, P. E. Tierney, A. D. Meade, S. Murphy, and G. Amarandei. "Towards plasmon mapping of SERS-active Ag dewetted nanostructures using SPELS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2172, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2172/1/012012.

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Abstract Thermal dewetting of silver thin flm can lead to SERS-active Ag nanoparticles. Here, we report our progress towards using scanning probe energy loss spectroscopy (SPELS) to map the plasmonic behaviour of SERS-active Ag nanoparticles (NP) by investigating NPs produced through the dewetting study of Ag thin flms on SiO2/Si and Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. The nanoparticles size and spatial distribution were controlled by the deposition and thermal annealing parameters. The results of preliminary SPELS measurements of these structures, alongside SERS data show that there is a correlation between the Raman enhancement and the nanoparticle size and interparticle spacing.

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7

Scandurra, Antonino, Maria Censabella, Stefano Boscarino, Guglielmo Guido Condorelli, Maria Grazia Grimaldi, and Francesco Ruffino. "Fabrication of Cu(II) oxide-hydroxide nanostructures onto graphene paper by laser and thermal processes for sensitive nano-electrochemical sensing of glucose." Nanotechnology 33, no. 4 (November 2, 2021): 045501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac2d0b.

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Abstract Glucose electrochemical sensors based on nanostructures of CuO/Cu(OH)2 onto graphene paper were prepared by thermal (solid) and nanosecond pulsed laser (molten phase) dewetting of a CuO layer 6 nm thin deposited by sputtering. Dewetted systems, obtained without the use of any binder, act as array of nanoelectrodes. Solid state and molten phase dewetting produce nanostructures of copper oxide-hydroxide with different average size, shape and surface composition. Molten phase dewetting originates particles with size below 100 nm, while solid state dewetting produces particles with average size of about 200 nm. Moreover, molten phase dewetting produce drop-shaped nanostructures, conversely nanostructures derived from solid state dewetting are multifaceted. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization revealed that the surface of nanostructures is formed by a copper(II) species CuO and Cu(OH)2. Shape of anodic branch of the cyclic voltammograms of glucose in alkali solution evidenced a convergent diffusion mechanism. Analytical performances in amperometric mode are as good as or better than other sensors based on copper oxide. Amperometric detection of glucose was done at potential as low as 0.4 V versus saturated calomel electrode by both types of electrodes. Linear range from 50 μM to 10 mM, sensitivity ranging from 7 to 43 μA cm−2 mM−1 and detection limit of 7 μM was obtained. Good analytical performances were obtained by laser dewetted electrodes with a low copper content up to 1.2 by atoms percentage of the surface. Analytical performance of the proposed electrodes is compliant for the determination of glucose both in blood serum, saliva or tear.

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8

Potejanasak, Potejana, Masahiko Yoshino, Motoki Terano, and Masahiro Mita. "Efficient Fabrication Process of Metal Nanodot Arrays Using Direct Nanoimprinting Method with a Polymer Mold." International Journal of Automation Technology 9, no. 6 (November 5, 2015): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2015.p0629.

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A new fabrication process of metal nanodot arrays using the thermal dewetting method was developed in this study. This process was comprised of three steps: thin Au film deposition on a quartz glass substrate, groove patterning by direct nanoimprinting, and self-organization of metal nanodot arrays by thermal dewetting. A new idea to utilize a polymer film mold for groove patterning by direct nanoimprinting was examined. The polymer film mold was prepared by hot-embossing groove patterns of a mother mold on a cyclo olefin polymer (COP) film. The mother mold was prepared from a silicon wafer. The polymer film mold was used for direct nanoimprinting on a metal film deposited on a quartz substrate. The experimental results revealed that the COP film mold can effectively form a micro groove pattern on the Au film despite the COP film mold being softer than the Au film. The micro groove on the Au film was also found to be effective in aligning the nanodots in lines. The micro groove patterning using the COP film mold was also confirmed to be useful in controlling the dot size and alignment during the thermal dewetting process.

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9

Potejanasak, Potejana, Masahiko Yoshino, and Motoki Terano. "Fabrication of Metallic Nanodot Arrays Using Nano-Chemical Stamping Technique with a Polymer Stamp." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 5 (September 5, 2016): 794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0794.

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The aim of this study is to develop metallic nanodot arrays with controlled morphology and alignment. To produce gold nanodot arrays with high throughput, the authors propose a new efficient fabrication process based on the templated thermal dewetting method, using a nano-chemical stamping technique with a polymer mold. This process comprises four steps: sputter etching on a quartz glass substrate, patterning of micrometer size by printing with acetone on the substrate by stamping with a polymer film stamp, deposition of a thin Au film on the substrate, and self-organization of the metal nanodot arrays by thermal dewetting. A new method, using a cyclo-olefin polymer film mold for chemical patterning by nano-chemical stamping, was examined. Since the acetone stamped on the substrate reduces the surface energy and affects the contact angle of the gold nanodots, the gold nanodots are distributed along the stamped pattern. It is found that the pattern stamped with acetone on the substrate works as a template for the thermal dewetting process. The nano-chemical stamping technique is useful in controlling the size and distribution of the nanodots.

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10

Clarke, Christian, Deming Liu, Fan Wang, Yongtao Liu, Chaohao Chen, Cuong Ton-That, Xiaoxue Xu, and Dayong Jin. "Large-scale dewetting assembly of gold nanoparticles for plasmonic enhanced upconversion nanoparticles." Nanoscale 10, no. 14 (2018): 6270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr08979a.

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11

Kim, Minjun, Hyun-Ju Ahn, Vanna Chrismas Silalahi, Damun Heo, Samir Adhikari, Yudong Jang, Jongmin Lee, and Donghan Lee. "Dual-Dewetting Process for Self-Assembled Nanoparticle Clusters in Wafer Scale." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 17 (August 23, 2023): 13102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713102.

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Plasmonic molecules, which are geometrically well-defined plasmonic metal nanoparticle clusters, have attracted significant attention due to their enhancement of light–matter interactions owing to a stronger electric field enhancement than that by single particles. High-resolution lithography techniques provide precise positioning of plasmonic nanoparticles, but their fabrication costs are excessively high. In this study, we propose a lithography-free, self-assembly fabrication method, termed the dual-dewetting process, which allows the control of the size and density of gold nanoparticles. This process involves depositing a gold thin film on a substrate and inducing dewetting through thermal annealing, followed by a second deposition and annealing. The method achieves a uniform distribution of particle size and density, along with increased particle density, across a 6-inch wafer. The superiority of the method is confirmed by a 30-fold increase in the signal intensity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering following the additional dewetting with an 8 nm film, compared to single dewetting alone. Our findings indicate that the dual-dewetting method provides a simple and efficient approach to enable a variety of plasmonic applications through efficient plasmonic molecule large-area fabrication.

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12

Liu, Chih-Ting, Chia-Chan Tsai, Chien-Wei Chu, Mu-Huan Chi, Pei-Yun Chung, and Jiun-Tai Chen. "Dewetting of polymer thin films on modified curved surfaces: preparation of polymer nanoparticles with asymmetric shapes by anodic aluminum oxide templates." Soft Matter 14, no. 15 (2018): 2772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm00318a.

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13

Knavel, S. A., T. V. Savina, M. V. Mroz, M. E. Kordesch, C. N. Eads, J. T. Sadowski, and S. A. Tenney. "A mathematical model of solid-state dewetting of barium thin films on W(112)." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 15 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2019040.

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Solid state dewetting occurs when a thin solid film is heated. The temperature of dewetting depends on the thickness of the film; dewetting can be observed in the range of 1∕3 to 1∕2 of the bulk melting temperature. While remaining solid, the film behaves in a manner similar to liquids dewetting and agglomerating to forming islands or droplets. One of the possible mechanisms is the conversion of a metastable thin film geometry into a more stable form. Heating the metastable film gives the film atoms higher mobility, and the films retract, dewetting the surface. This atomic motion can be restricted due to surface anisotropy. We present in situ emission microscopy observations of barium thin films deposited onto W(112) by thermal evaporation. From the modeling viewpoint, the evolution of the film in this system could be divided in four stages: (i) the nucleation and growth of the thin film as a simply connected region; (ii) formation of droplets/islands/hillocks; (iii) nucleation of holes; (iv) evolution of the components of the disconnected film to their equilibrium state. We present a continuum model that is qualitatively consistent with the evolution of the film observed at the initial stage of the experiment and discuss the later stages of the evolution of surface structures.

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14

Li, Ming-Yu, Mao Sui, Puran Pandey, Quan-zhen Zhang, Sundar Kunwar, Gregory J. Salamo, and Jihoon Lee. "Precise control of configuration, size and density of self-assembled Au nanostructures on 4H-SiC (0001) by systematic variation of deposition amount, annealing temperature and duration." CrystEngComm 18, no. 19 (2016): 3347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ce02439k.

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Hexagonal Au nano-crystals, round dome-shaped droplets and irregular nano-mounds were fabricated on GaN (0001) based on the combinational effects of thermal dewetting and surface free energy minimization.

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15

Fang, Xinyi, Mohammad Ayaz Masud, Gianluca Piazza, and James Bain. "Interface dewetting as a source of void formation and aggregation in phase change nanoscale actuators." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 5 (January 30, 2023): 051602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137456.

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This paper reports a phenomenon occurring between phase change material (PCM) germanium telluride (GeTe) and a thin encapsulation layer of alumina when the PCM undergoes the phase transformation, consistent with dewetting of the PCM from the surrounding alumina. Massive structural change, including formation of large voids, which take up to 21.9% of the initial GeTe volume after 10 000 phase change cycles is observed. Electrical and mechanical characterization of the structure confirms this interpretation. A rapid thermal annealing test of blanket films on alumina that demonstrates dewetting further validates this conjecture. The dewetting and associated gross material displacement can lead to an extraordinary actuation corresponding to a one-time 44 nm height change for a 178 nm GeTe thick layer. However, control of this phenomenon is required to build reliable actuators that do not suffer from rupture of the encapsulation layer.

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16

Wang, Lu, Zuobin Wang, Li Li, Jingran Zhang, Jinyun Liu, Jing Hu, Xiaomin Wu, et al. "Magnetic–plasmonic Ni@Au core–shell nanoparticle arrays and their SERS properties." RSC Advances 10, no. 5 (2020): 2661–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra10354f.

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In this paper, large-area magnetic–plasmonic Ni@Au core–shell nanoparticle arrays (NPAs) with tunable compositions were successfully fabricated by a direct laser interference ablation (DLIA) incorporated with thermal dewetting method.

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17

Yoshino, Masahiko, Yusuke Kubota, Yuki Nakagawa, and Motoki Terano. "Efficient Fabrication Process of Ordered Metal Nanodot Arrays for Infrared Plasmonic Sensor." Micromachines 10, no. 6 (June 8, 2019): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10060385.

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In this paper, a simple process to fabricate ordered Au nanodot arrays up to 520 nm in diameter that respond to infrared light is developed, and the feasibility of its application to infrared plasmonic sensors is shown. The developed process utilizes thermal dewetting to agglomerate a coated gold film into nanodots. It was difficult to produce large nanodots that responded to infrared light owing to dot separation. In this paper, therefore, the mechanism of dot agglomeration by thermal dewetting is studied via an experiment and theoretical model, and conditions to form single nanodots are clarified. Furthermore, Au nanodot arrays of 100 nm to 520 nm in diameter were fabricated by this process, and their absorption spectra were analyzed. In addition, an analysis of the change in the peak wavelength against the refractive index indicates the possibility of further improvement of the sensitivity of the infrared plasmon sensors.

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18

Scandurra, Antonino, Francesco Ruffino, Maria Censabella, Antonio Terrasi, and Maria Grazia Grimaldi. "Dewetted Gold Nanostructures onto Exfoliated Graphene Paper as High Efficient Glucose Sensor." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (December 16, 2019): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121794.

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Non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing was obtained by gold nanostructures on graphene paper, produced by laser or thermal dewetting of 1.6 and 8 nm-thick Au layers, respectively. Nanosecond laser annealing produces spherical nanoparticles (AuNPs) through the molten-phase dewetting of the gold layer and simultaneous exfoliation of the graphene paper. The resulting composite electrodes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, micro Raman spectroscopy and Rutherford back-scattering spectrometry. Laser dewetted electrode presents graphene nanoplatelets covered by spherical AuNPs. The sizes of AuNPs are in the range of 10–150 nm. A chemical shift in the XPS Au4f core-level of 0.25–0.3 eV suggests the occurrence of AuNPs oxidation, which are characterized by high stability under the electrochemical test. Thermal dewetting leads to electrodes characterized by faceted not oxidized gold structures. Glucose was detected in alkali media at potential of 0.15–0.17 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE), in the concentration range of 2.5μM−30 mM, exploiting the peak corresponding to the oxidation of two electrons. Sensitivity of 1240 µA mM−1 cm−2, detection limit of 2.5 μM and quantifications limit of 20 μM were obtained with 8 nm gold equivalent thickness. The analytical performances are very promising and comparable to the actual state of art concerning gold based electrodes.

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19

Ly, Linh Quy, Alison Joy Fulton, Stephanie Nicole Bonvicini, and Yujun Shi. "Pulsed laser-induced dewetting and thermal dewetting of Ag thin films for the fabrication of Ag nanoparticles." Nanotechnology 32, no. 33 (May 24, 2021): 335301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/abfee7.

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20

UENO, Takayuki, Masahiko YOSHINO, and Motoki TERANO. "2504 Development of Double Layer Nano-rod Resonators by Utilizing the Templated Thermal Dewetting Method." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2015.8 (2015): _2504–1_—_2504–5_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2015.8._2504-1_.

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21

POTEJANA, Potejanasak, Masahiko YOSHINO, and Motoki TERANO. "2503 Fabrication of nanodot arrays by the templated thermal dewetting method using nano chemical stamp technique." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2015.8 (2015): _2503–1_—_2503–5_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2015.8._2503-1_.

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22

Kim, Hyun-Joon, and Dae-Eun Kim. "Frictional behavior of Ag nanodot-pattern fabricated by thermal dewetting." Surface and Coatings Technology 215 (January 2013): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.05.146.

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23

Ueno, Takayuki, Motoki Terano, and Masahiko Yoshino. "Templated Thermal Dewetting Process by Utilizing Nano Plastic Forming Technology." Procedia Engineering 81 (2014): 1469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.175.

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24

Douaud, Alexandre, Sandra Helena Messaddeq, and Younès Messaddeq. "Microstructure formation in chalcogenide thin films assisted by thermal dewetting." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 28, no. 10 (October 28, 2016): 6989–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5937-8.

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25

Oda, Hirokazu, Tomoyuki Ohtake, Toshiaki Takaoka, and Masaru Nakagawa. "Photoreactive Chemisorbed Monolayer Suppressing Polymer Dewetting in Thermal Nanoimprint Lithography." Langmuir 25, no. 12 (June 16, 2009): 6604–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la900902f.

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26

Tamang, Siddharth, Nitish Kumar, and S. Aravindan. "Effect of Gold Nano Dots in Microwave Brazing: A Novel Approach to Join Ti6Al4V to MACOR^®." Key Engineering Materials 821 (September 2019): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.821.222.

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Nano structured surface generation is useful in inducing specific functionalities to the surface. This work attempts on generation of such surface through thermal dewetting. Enhanced adhesion behavior of such surface is utilized for joining MACOR® ceramic to Ti6Al4V alloy. Ti6Al4V alloy is brazed with MACOR® by microwave energy using TiCuSil as a braze alloy. MACOR® ceramic is subjected to pre-treatment called gold dewetting. For comparison plain ceramic is also used for joining. The reaction zone formed on joining Ti6Al4V to gold dewetted MACOR® is more uniform than the untreated MACOR® ceramic interface. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the reaction zone suggests the formation of Ti2Cu and Ti3Au intermetallic compounds. The shear strength of the pre-treated samples is observed to be higher than that of plain joints.

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27

Cho, Chia-Yu, Jui-Chen Chang, Min-Xian Cai, Pei-Ting Lin, and Yao-Joe Yang. "Dewetting Process of Silver Thin Films and Its Application on Percolative Pressure Sensors with High Sensitivity." Polymers 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15010180.

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This work reports on an innovative dewetting process of silver thin films to realize percolative nanoparticle arrays (NPAs) and demonstrates its application on highly sensitive pressure sensors. The dewetting process, which is a simple and promising technique, synthesizes NPAs by breaking the as-deposited metal film into randomly distributed islands. The NPA properties, such as the mean particle size and the spacing between adjacent particles, can be easily tailored by controlling the dewetting temperature, as well as the as-deposited metal-film thickness. The fabricated NPAs were employed to develop gauge pressure sensors with high sensitivity. The proposed sensor consists of a sealed reference-pressure cavity, a polyimide (PI) membrane patterned with an interdigital electrode pair (IEP), and a silver NPA deposited on the IEP and the PI membrane. The operational principle of the device is based on the NPA percolation effect with deformation-dependence. The fabricated sensors exhibit rapid responses and excellent linearity at around 1 atm. The maximum sensitivity is about 0.1 kPa−1. The advantages of the proposed devices include ultrahigh sensitivity, a reduced thermal disturbance, and a decreased power consumption. A practical application of this pressure sensor with high resolution was demonstrated by using it to measure the relative floor height of a building.

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28

Dinc, Dilek Ozden, Mehmet Yilmaz, Saime Sebnem Cetin, Mustafa Turk, and Erhan Piskin. "Gold-nanoisland-decorated titanium nanorod arrays fabricated by thermal dewetting approach." Surface Innovations 7, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jsuin.19.00013.

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29

Strobel, Sebastian, Christopher Kirkendall, Jae-Byum Chang, and Karl K. Berggren. "Sub-10 nm structures on silicon by thermal dewetting of platinum." Nanotechnology 21, no. 50 (November 22, 2010): 505301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/21/50/505301.

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30

Yi, Anchao, Fang Liu, Ming-hui Lin, and Guo-zhen Zhu. "Gold-Assisted Growth of Pyramid-shape SrTiO3 Bases During Thermal Dewetting." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, S2 (August 2019): 818–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619004823.

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31

Wang, Dong, and Peter Schaaf. "Thermal dewetting of thin Au films deposited onto line-patterned substrates." Journal of Materials Science 47, no. 4 (June 29, 2011): 1605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5716-0.

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32

Barrera, Gabriele, Federica Celegato, Matteo Cialone, Marco Coïsson, Paola Rizzi, and Paola Tiberto. "Effect of the Substrate Crystallinity on Morphological and Magnetic Properties of Fe70Pd30 Nanoparticles Obtained by the Solid-State Dewetting." Sensors 21, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 7420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217420.

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Advances in nanofabrication techniques are undoubtedly needed to obtain nanostructured magnetic materials with physical and chemical properties matching the pressing and relentless technological demands of sensors. Solid-state dewetting is known to be a low-cost and “top-down” nanofabrication technique able to induce a controlled morphological transformation of a continuous thin film into an ordered nanoparticle array. Here, magnetic Fe70Pd30 thin film with 30 nm thickness is deposited by the co-sputtering technique on a monocrystalline (MgO) or amorphous (Si3N4) substrate and, subsequently, annealed to promote the dewetting process. The different substrate properties are able to tune the activation thermal energy of the dewetting process, which can be tuned by depositing on substrates with different microstructures. In this way, it is possible to tailor the final morphology of FePd nanoparticles as observed by advanced microscopy techniques (SEM and AFM). The average size and height of the nanoparticles are in the ranges 150–300 nm and 150–200 nm, respectively. Moreover, the induced spatial confinement of magnetic materials in almost-spherical nanoparticles strongly affects the magnetic properties as observed by in-plane and out-of-plane hysteresis loops. Magnetization reversal in dewetted FePd nanoparticles is mainly characterized by a rotational mechanism leading to a slower approach to saturation and smaller value of the magnetic susceptibility than the as-deposited thin film.

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33

Roisman, I. V., J. Breitenbach, and C. Tropea. "Thermal atomisation of a liquid drop after impact onto a hot substrate." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 842 (March 6, 2018): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.123.

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This experimental study is focused on the mechanisms of thermal atomisation of a drop impacting onto a hot substrate. This phenomenon is characterised by the wetting and dewetting of the substrate, caused not by the rim dynamics, but induced by thermal effects. These thermal effects lead to the lamella evaporation, levitation and disintegration, generation of a vertical spray of fine droplets and consequently, drop breakup. A typical contact time of the drop before complete detachment is theoretically estimated. This estimation agrees very well with the experiments. It is shown that the Weber number, often used for describing splashing drops, is not a relevant parameter for thermal atomisation. Finally, a regime map is plotted, using a combination of the dimensionless contact time and the dimensionless heat flux at the substrate.

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Bleu, Yannick, Florent Bourquard, Jean-Yves Michalon, Yaya Lefkir, Stéphanie Reynaud, Anne-Sophie Loir, Vincent Barnier, Florence Garrelie, and Christophe Donnet. "Transfer-free graphene synthesis by nickel catalyst dewetting using rapid thermal annealing." Applied Surface Science 555 (July 2021): 149492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149492.

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Colmenares, Yormary Nathaly, Wagner Correr, Sandra Helena Messaddeq, and Younès Messaddeq. "Controlling thermal-induced dewetting of As20Se80 thin films for integrated photonics applications." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 6 (May 14, 2021): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.423938.

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Yoshino, Masahiko, Hiroki Osawa, and Akinori Yamanaka. "Effects of process conditions on nano-dot array formation by thermal dewetting." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 14, no. 4 (October 2012): 478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2012.09.012.

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37

Pandey, Puran, Mao Sui, Sundar Kunwar, Ming-Yu Li, Quanzhen Zhang, and Jihoon Lee. "Determination of growth regimes of Pt nanostructures on GaN (0001) based on the control of Pt thickness and annealing time: Morphological evolution of Pt nanostructures from the nanoparticles, nanoclusters to porous network." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 5 (June 19, 2017): 913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420717715878.

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Pt nanostructures are applicable in various applications such as sensors, solar cells, light emitting devices and catalysis and only slight changes in their configuration, density and size can induce significant changes in their properties and thus the functionality in the related applications. In this paper, the systematical evolution of Pt nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanoclusters and porous network on GaN (0001) is demonstrated by the systematic thermal annealing of Pt thin films based on the combinational effects such as thermal dewetting, Volmer-Weber growth model and coalescence growth. In particular, small dome-shaped self-assembled Pt nanoparticles with relatively smaller deposition amount (<2 nm) and wiggly Pt nanoclusters between 3 and 5 nm are formed based on the Volmer-Weber growth model and the partial coalescence of Pt nanoparticles, respectively. Between 10 and 30 nm, the growth of Pt nanoclusters is observed and eventually with the increased Pt thickness range between 40 and 100 nm, nanoclusters gradually develop into the porous Pt network by connecting neighboring structures owing to the enhanced coalescence growth. Meanwhile, along with the annealing time variation between 0 and 3600 s, the rate of dewetting is increased and as a result, the evolution of densely packed to separated nanoclusters is formed. In addition, the optical properties of corresponding Pt nanostructures demonstrate that the photoluminescence and Raman intensity are reduced along with the evolution of the surface coverage of Pt nanostructures, whereas the average reflectance is significantly enhanced accordingly at the same time.

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38

Kosmala, Tomasz, Pawel Palczynski, Matteo Amati, Luca Gregoratti, Hikmet Sezen, Cecilia Mattevi, Stefano Agnoli, and Gaetano Granozzi. "Strain Induced Phase Transition of WS2 by Local Dewetting of Au/Mica Film upon Annealing." Surfaces 4, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces4010001.

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Here, we present a proof-of-concept experiment where phase engineering at the nanoscale of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) flakes (from semiconducting 2H phase to metallic 1T phase) can be achieved by thermal annealing of a TMDC/Au/mica system. The local dewetting of Au particles and resulting tensile strain produced on the TMDC flakes, strongly bound to the Au surface through effective S-Au bonds, can induce a local structural phase transition. An important role is also played by the defects induced by the thermal annealing: when vacancies are present, the threshold strain needed to trigger the phase transition is significantly reduced. Scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) was revealed to be the perfect tool to monitor the described phenomena.

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Alizadeh Pahlavan, A., L. Cueto-Felgueroso, A. E. Hosoi, G. H. McKinley, and R. Juanes. "Thin films in partial wetting: stability, dewetting and coarsening." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 845 (April 27, 2018): 642–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.255.

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A uniform nanometric thin liquid film on a solid substrate can become unstable due to the action of van der Waals (vdW) forces. The instability leads to dewetting of the uniform film and the formation of drops. To minimize the total free energy of the system, these drops coarsen over time until one single drop remains. Here, using a thermodynamically consistent framework, we derive a new model for thin films in partial wetting with a free energy that resembles the Cahn–Hilliard form with a height-dependent surface tension that leads to a generalized disjoining pressure, and revisit the dewetting problem. Using both linear stability analysis and nonlinear simulations we show that the new model predicts a slightly smaller critical instability wavelength and a significantly (up to six-fold) faster growth rate than the classical model in the spinodal regime; this faster growth rate brings the theoretical predictions closer to published experimental observations. During coarsening at intermediate times, the dynamics become self-similar and model-independent; we therefore observe the same scalings in both the classical (with and without thermal noise) and new models. Both models also lead to a mean-field Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner (LSW)-type droplet-size distribution at intermediate times for small drop sizes. We, however, observe a skewed drop-size distribution for larger drops in the new model; while the tail of the distribution follows a Smoluchowski equation, it is not associated with a coalescence-dominated coarsening, calling into question the association made in some earlier experiments. Our observations point to the importance of the height dependence of surface tension in the early and late stages of dewetting of nanometric films and motivate new high-resolution experimental observations to guide the development of improved models of interfacial flows at the nanoscale.

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Espich, Taylor, Eduardo Salcedo, Ameya Kulkarni, Daniel Sung Choi, and Jong Eun Ryu. "Scalable nanoparticle assembly on carbon nanotubes using flash-induced dewetting." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 9 (December 6, 2016): 1299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316682310.

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Nanoparticle assembly through a novel photothermal dewetting was demonstrated on a macro-scale carbon nanotube (CNT) film. Intense pulsed Xe-light (IPL) was applied to transform a gold (Au) thin-film on CNT into nanoparticles (NPs). Au films measuring 3, 6, and 9 nm were completely dewetted by 10, 20, and 35 J/cm2 of IPL intensities, respectively. The means of NP diameters after dewetting were 7.25 nm (standard deviation, σ = 2.23 nm), 13.07 nm ( σ = 2.38 nm), and 21.02 nm ( σ = 5.86 nm) for the 3, 6, and 9 nm of Au films, respectively. On the other hand, the means of Au NPs formed by furnace annealing were 13.16 nm ( σ = 1.78 nm) and 20.98 nm ( σ = 15.60 nm) for 6 and 9 nm of Au films, respectively. The 6 and 9 nm of Au films on CNTs were annealed in a furnace at 300 and 400℃, respectively. The distributions of NPs induced by IPL were not significantly different from the result of conventional furnace annealing ( p values = 0.45 and 0.96 for 6 and 9 nm Au films, respectively). Finally, thermodynamic stability of IPL dewetted NPs was evaluated by comparing the samples treated with multiple IPL up to five times and with extended thermal annealing up to 10 h.

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YOSHINO, Masahiko, Li Zhenxing, and Akinori YAMANAKA. "J164032 Aggregation mechanism of a metallic nano dot array by thermal dewetting method." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _J164032–1—_J164032–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._j164032-1.

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Li, Zhenxing, Masahiko Yoshino, and Akinori Yamanaka. "Fabrication of three-dimensional ordered nanodot array structures by a thermal dewetting method." Nanotechnology 23, no. 48 (November 5, 2012): 485303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485303.

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43

Tesler, Alexander B., Lev Chuntonov, Tanya Karakouz, Tatyana A. Bendikov, Gilad Haran, Alexander Vaskevich, and Israel Rubinstein. "Tunable Localized Plasmon Transducers Prepared by Thermal Dewetting of Percolated Evaporated Gold Films." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115, no. 50 (November 28, 2011): 24642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp209114j.

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44

Niimura, Yusuke, Naoto Oonishi, Kyohei Okubo, Loan Le Thi Ngoc, and Edwin T. Carlen. "High-precision nanofabrication technology for metal nanoparticle ensembles using nanotemplate-guided thermal dewetting." Nanoscale 10, no. 30 (2018): 14390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01480a.

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We present a hybrid nanofabrication technology for realizing single-crystalline metal nanoparticle ensembles, such as trimers, heptamers and periodic arrays; well-suited for nanoplasmonics applications.

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45

Phuc, Truong Duc, Motoki Terano, and Masahiko Yoshino. "Fabrication of an ordered nanodot array by thermal dewetting on a patterned substrate." Manufacturing Letters 2, no. 2 (April 2014): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mfglet.2014.02.004.

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46

Kubo, Masaki, Yosuke Takahashi, Takeshi Fujii, Yang Liu, Ken-ichi Sugioka, Takao Tsukada, Kimitaka Minami, and Tadafumi Adschiri. "Thermal Dewetting Behavior of Polystyrene Composite Thin Films with Organic-Modified Inorganic Nanoparticles." Langmuir 30, no. 29 (July 14, 2014): 8956–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la502009x.

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47

Gao, Aiqin, Wenjing Xu, Yenisey Ponce de León, Yaocai Bai, Mingfu Gong, Kongliang Xie, Boris Hyle Park, and Yadong Yin. "Controllable Fabrication of Au Nanocups by Confined-Space Thermal Dewetting for OCT Imaging." Advanced Materials 29, no. 26 (May 3, 2017): 1701070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201701070.

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48

Kondic, Lou, Alejandro G. González, Javier A. Diez, Jason D. Fowlkes, and Philip Rack. "Liquid-State Dewetting of Pulsed-Laser-Heated Nanoscale Metal Films and Other Geometries." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 52, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010719-060340.

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Metal films of nanoscale thickness, deposited on substrates and exposed to laser heating, provide systems that involve several interesting multiphysics effects. In addition to fluid mechanical aspects associated with a free boundary setup, other relevant physical effects include phase change, thermal flow, and liquid–solid interactions. Such films are challenging to model, in particular because inertial effects may be relevant, and large contact angles require care when considering the long-wave formulation. Applications of nanoscale metal films are numerous, and the materials science community is actively pursuing more complex setups involving templated films and substrates, bimetallic films and alloys, and a variety of elemental film geometries. The goal of this review is to discuss our current understanding of thin metal film systems, while also providing an overview of the challenges in this research area, which stands at the intersection of fluid mechanics, materials science, and thermal physics.

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Scandurra, Antonino, Valentina Iacono, Stefano Boscarino, Silvia Scalese, Maria Grazia Grimaldi, and Francesco Ruffino. "Model of Chronoamperometric Response towards Glucose Sensing by Arrays of Gold Nanostructures Obtained by Laser, Thermal and Wet Processes." Nanomaterials 13, no. 7 (March 24, 2023): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13071163.

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Non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors are of great importance in biomedical applications, for the realization of portable diabetic testing kits and continuous glucose monitoring systems. Nanostructured materials show a number of advantages in the applications of analytical electrochemistry, compared to macroscopic electrodes, such as great sensitivity and little dependence on analyte diffusion close to the electrode–solution interface. Obtaining electrodes based on nanomaterials without using expensive lithographic techniques represents a great added value. In this paper, we modeled the chronoamperometric response towards glucose determination by four electrodes consisting of nanostructured gold onto graphene paper (GP). The nanostructures were obtained by electrochemical etch, thermal and laser processes of thin gold layer. We addressed experiments obtaining different size and shape of gold nanostructures. Electrodes have been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. We modeled the current-time response at the potential corresponding to two-electrons oxidation process of glucose by the different nanostructured gold systems. The finest nanostructures of 10–200 nm were obtained by laser dewetting of 17 nm thin and 300 °C thermal dewetting of 8 nm thin gold layers, and they show that semi-infinite linear diffusion mechanism predominates over radial diffusion. Electrochemical etching and 17 nm thin gold layer dewetted at 400 °C consist of larger gold islands up to 1 μm. In the latter case, the current-time curves can be fitted by a two-phase exponential decay function that relies on the mixed second-order formation of adsorbed glucose intermediate followed by its first-order decay to gluconolactone.

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Melekhov, Evgeny, Tatjana Penn, Tobias Weidauer, Valerius Abb, Martin Kammler, and Alfred Lechner. "Tunable nanopillar array on a quartz-fiber tip for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection." tm - Technisches Messen 89, no. 1 (December 16, 2021): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2021-0093.

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Abstract In this work, a simple two-step method to create tunable self-assembled three-dimensional nanostructure array-like nanoantennas directly on the tip of an optical quartz glass fiber is described. The structures are prepared by using dry etching of the fiber tip. For the etching process, gold nanoparticles fabricated by thermal dewetting technique were used as template. The structures are applied as sensors for label-free analysis of organic substances in ppb range, such as drug residues in liquid solutions. The measurements are carried out by a portable Raman device with an exchangeable sensor head utilizing the SERS-effect. This method allows in situ applications. In order to characterize the SERS cells, para-thiocresol and diclofenac sodium are used as model substances. For optimization of the substrate performance, different thicknesses of the dewetting-layer (6, 9, 12 nm), different etching times for formation of the pillars (6, 8, 10 and 12 min), and different thicknesses of SERS-metallization (25, 50, 75 nm) of gold and silver are compared. In order to show the applicability of the structure on the tip of a fiber, measurements from the upper side and from the underside of the substrate on quartz plates are compared. Reproducible SERS enhancement factors up to 10 7 {10^{7}} were achieved.

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