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San, Roque Craig, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Health Humanities and Social Ecology Faculty, and School of Social Ecology. "Intoxication: facts about the black snake, songs about the cure : an exploration in inter cultural communication through the Sugarman Project." THESIS_FHHSE_SEL_SanRoque_C.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/521.
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This is a narrative of the Sugarman Project, a community project in Central Australia concerned with research into ancient Mediterranean and Greek traditions of alcohol use and abuse. The project was initiated as a response to a request from an Aboriginal man for a ‘story about alcohol’ which would fill a missing link in traditional Aboriginal conceptualisation of alcohol. The ‘story’ would have a role in indigenous treatment of alcohol abuse, put in a symbolic form consistent with oral teaching methods of indigenous custom. The project is centred around the development of an original performance script. The thesis describes the origin, context, development, rationale and implications of the project, especially with a view to considering the potential of the mythologem of Dionysos as a therapeutic paradigm in intercultural substance abuse work. Particular attention is given to the relationship between Aboriginal and European therapeutic practitioners and the use of myth, metaphor, symbolic function and specific Aboriginal ‘dreaming stories’ as a source and backup to therapeutic practice. Principal themes include the role of mythopoetic symbol formation in the development of thinking; reflections on the presence of theriomorphic serpentine imagery in the work; the role of stories as mental containers of therapeutic theory; reflections on the ‘milieu’ needed for implementing intercultural therapeutic procedures; examples of positive indigenous responses to alcohol work; preliminary notions on cross cultural transference communications; and reflections on primal states associated with alcohol intoxication. The conclusion is that the experience of developing a Western myth in concert with Aboriginal colleagues confirms the value of the initial, seminal suggestion that ‘dreaming stories’ have an authentic place in the repertoire of alcohol treatment and educationDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Ramez-Baydoun, Lubna Lulu. "Novel chelating agents for therapeutic use." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406043.
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Betz, Jennifer. "The Use of Improvisation in Therapeutic Practices." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1557312650223249.
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Patterson, Lee E. "The use of kinship myth in Greek interstate relations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091954.
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Xiang, Hong. "Effects of myo-inositol and, or triiodothyronine (T₃) treatment on cardiac dysfunction and elevated myocardial lipid levels in STZ-diabetic rats." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26675.
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A number of experimental studies have implied a link between diabetes-induced lipid accumulation in the myocardium and the development of cardiomyopathy. Since diabetics excrete large amounts of myo-inositol which is a lipotropic agent, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of myo-inositol on the elevated myocardial lipid levels and the depressed cardiac performance of diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats (190-215 g) with streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg, i.v.). Three days after diabetes induction, myo-inositol was administered in the drinking water (2.5 g/kg/day) for a 8 week period. Untreated diabetics exhibited a loss of body weight, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and hypothyroidism. These effects were not altered after myo-inositol treatment. STZ-diabetes also produced a significant elevation of plasma and myocardial triacylglycerol, cholesterol and phospholipid. Myo-inositol treatment decreased these lipid levels. In addition, hearts from diabetic animals had a decreased ability to develop left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and both the rate of pressure rise (+dP/dt) and the rate of pressure decline (-dP/dt) were also reduced. Hearts from myo-inositol-treated diabetic animals showed a partial but definite improvement of cardiac function.
As diabetes-induced hypothyroidism was not altered after myo-inositol supplementation, a combination treatment of both myo-inositol (2.5 g/kg/day, p.o. daily) and T₃ (30 ug/kg/day, s.c. daily) was then undertaken to determine whether heart function of diabetic rats could be further improved. STZ-diabetic rats were characterized by a loss of body weight, hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia; none of which were altered by either T₃ or myo-inositol plusT₃ treatment. T₃ treatment normalized the thyroid state of diabetic animals as shown by Tahiliani and McNeill (1984). However, plasma and myocardial triacylglycerol, cholesterol and phospholipid levels of diabetic rats either remained elevated or were further increased with T₃ or myo-inositol plus T₃ treatment. In addition, T₃ treatment alone did not prevent cardiac dysfunction in diabetic rats. There was, however, some improvement in heart function in the groups treated with both myo-inositol and T₃, but the improvement was not as pronounced as with myo-inositol treatment alone.Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of
Graduate
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Alder, Louise B. A. "Immunoregulatory properties of polyclonal immunoglobulin for therapeutic use." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361937.
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Lloyd, Jonathan. "The therapeutic use of metaphor : a heuristic study." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-therapeutic-use-of-metaphor-a-heuristic-study(a020949f-3653-4812-af1d-ccbf49e53f98).html.
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Background: This research was designed to explore the experience and understanding of counsellors' and psychotherapists' engagement with metaphors in the therapeutic process. The aim is to reflect on the experience of therapists involved in therapeutic metaphors from differing perspectives. Methodology: In a heuristic study a group of seven therapists (counsellors and psychotherapists) shared their use of metaphors in their therapy practice. Data were collected through an informal conversational interview that supported the participants to share their experiences in a natural dialogue. Findings: The experience of using metaphor in therapy appears to involve a multi-faceted web of generation, construction and development between the therapist and client. Various levels of depth of metaphor in therapy were identified along with links to transferential and cultural issues. Metaphors of hope also appear to be potentially important. Discussion: The findings suggest that the use of metaphors in therapy is pervasive. Metaphors that reflect an empathic connection and encounter between therapist and client were identified. Dualistic thinking around the origination of metaphors in therapy is challenged and the concept of co-creation and the mutual development of moving metaphors is discussed. Environmental and cultural influences are considered alongside transferential aspects. Conclusion: It appears that the use of metaphor in therapy is pervasive and offers an opportunity for therapeutic change. The consideration of the construction of metaphors and their mutual development may be useful for therapists to consider. This research highlights the need for more investigation with regard to client perspectives, the environmental impacts on metaphors in therapy and who the therapist and client stand for metaphorically for each other.
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Ngwa, Conelius. "Use of peptide nucleic acids as therapeutic agents." Thesis, Aston University, 2014. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/24385/.
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Marnewick, Jeanine Lucasta. "Cancer modulating properties of unique South African herbal teas (rooibos and honeybush) in short term in vitro and in vivo carcinogenesis assays." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21888.
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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis provides the first scientific evidence on the cancer modulating properties of two unique South African herbal teas, rooibos (Aspalathus Iinearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia) utilizing in vitro as well as in vivo carcinogenesis assays by: • Demonstrating the in vitro antimutagenic activity of aqueous extracts of the herbal teas against the metabolic activated mutagens, 2-acetylaminofluorene (2- AAF) and the mycotoxin, aflatoxin B1 (AFB,) as well as, to a certain extent, against the direct acting mutagen, hydrogen peroxide, utilizing the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay. • Increasing the activity of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, glutathione Stransferase alpha and UPD-glucuronosyl transferase, and reduced the oxidative stress by stabilizing the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) resulting in an increased hepatic reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio (GSG:GSSG). No toxic effects were noticed in rats consuming the herbal teas for 10 weeks as their sole source of drinking fluid. • Demonstrating the ex vivo modulation of 2-AAF- and AFB1-induced mutagenesis by sub- cellular hepatic fractions of rats consuming the herbal teas in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay. Hepatic cytosolic fractions protected against mutagenesis of both mutagens, while the microsomal fractions exhibited a reduced capacity to metabolize AFB1 to its active mutagenic metabolite. • Providing evidence for the in vivo modulation of tumour promotion using the liver as well as the two-stage skin carcinogenesis animal models. The unprocessed herbal teas arrested proliferation of the placental form of glutathione-Stransferase (GSTP+) altered cells as well as reduced the total number of enzyme altered foci in the liver of rats. Topical application of polyphenolic fractions of the various herbal teas prior to 12-0-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) tumour promotion, reduced tumour formation in mouse skin initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[ ajanthracene (DMBA). The protective effect was illustrated by a decreased tumour incidence, a reduction in tumour volume as well as a delayed onset of tumour development. The f1avanol/proanthocyanidin content of the fractions could playa major role in the protection against skin tumour promotion. • Proposing possible mechanisms whereby rooibos and honeybush herbal teas could exert their cancer modulating properties with respect to in vitro and ex vivo antimutagenicity, in vivo oxidative status and reduced tumour promotion. • Providing evidence that the herbal teas mimic the cancer modulating properties of green and black teas although differences exist, presumably due to differences in the polyphenolic constituents. • Suggesting that rooibos and honeybush herbal teas may play an important role as chemopreventive agents in the modulation of cancer.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bevat die eerste ondersoek na die effek van waterige en polifenoliese ekstrakte van rooibos (Aspalathus Iinearis) en heuningbos (Cyclopia intermedia) op verskeie aspekte van kankerontwikkeling. Die twee kruietees is uniek aan Suid-Afrika en kan 'n belangrike rol speel in die voorkoming van kanker. Verskillende in vitro so wei as in vivo studies het die volgende getoon: • Antimutageniese aktiwiteite teen die metabolies-geaktiveerde mutagene, 2- asetielaminofluoreen (2-AAF) en die mikotoksien, aflatoksien B1 (AFB1) in die Salmonella fyphimurium mutagenisiteitstoets. 'n Beperkte mate van beskerming is ook verleen teen die oksidatiewe mutageen, waterstofperoksied, sonder metaboliese aktivering. • Verhoogde aktiwiteite van die fase II ensieme, glutatioon S-tranferase alfa en UDP-glukuronidase, wat liggaamsvreemde verbindings metaboliseer. Die kruietees verlaag die oksidasietoestand soos weerspieel word deur 'n toename van gereduseerde glutatioon tot die geoksideerde vorm in die lewer van rotte wat 10 weke hierdie kruietees gedrink he!. Die kruietees het geen toksiese uitwerking op die rotte gehad nie. • Antimutageniese aktiwiteite van subselluiE~re fraksies van die lewer teenoor 2- AAF en AFB1 in die Salmonella toets. Die sitosolfraksie van die rotlewer bied beskerming teen die ge"induseerde mutagenese van beide mutagene, terwyl die mikrosomale fraksie ook die metaboliese aktivering van AFB1 na die aktiewe mutageniese metaboliet verminder. • In vivo modulering van kankerpromosie met behulp van bekende rotlewer en muisvel kankerontwikkelingsmodelle. In die lewermodel het die ongeprosesseerde kruietees beide die ontwikkeling en getal van GSTP+ fokusse onderskeidelik vertraag en verminder. In die geval van die velkankermodel het aanwending van polifenoliese fraksies van die kruietees beskerming gebied teen die ontwikkeling van velkankers by muise. Die aantal en grootte van die tumors het afgeneem terwyl die verskyning daarvan ook vertraag is. • Verskeie meganismes waardeur rooibos- en heuningboslee moonllik kanker kan moduleer word voorgeslel. Verskille in die polifenoliese sameslelling asook hul onderskeie konsenlrasies kan 'n belangrike rol speel in die kankerveranderende effekle van die lees. • Oal gereelde inname van rooibos- en/of heuningboslee moonllik 'n belangrike rol kan speel in die voorkoming van dieel- en omgewings-geYnduseerde kankers.
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Twycross, Fiona. "Approaching Ragnarok : use of Norse mythology in late twentieth century Scandinavian literature." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22706.
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The core premise in this thesis is that each generation rediscovers and reinterprets mythology from its own perspective; and that individual authors within each generation make intertextual use of mythology accordingly. With this premise in mind I will examine the intertextual use, interpretation, and revision of Norse mythology, particularly the material from Snorri's Edda and the Poetic Edda, in Scandinavian literature of the 1980s and early 1990s. Through an analysis of the use of mythology by individual authors, I aim to examine the appeal of myth generally, both to authors and readers, and will discuss how the presence of mythological material in literature can reinforce the underlying ideology in the work as a whole, and may also influence the reader's receptiveness to the work. Alongside this, the works will be analysed individually in their social and literary context. The thesis will be divided into three sections. The first section will introduce the earliest literary accounts of Norse mythology, and the cosmology they depict. The re-use of the mythology in literature generally will be discussed, and the tradition of literary re-use of Norse mythology will be presented. The second section will form the main body of the thesis. The first chapter will provide a brief survey of the works to be covered. These are taken from across Scandinavia - primarily from Denmark and Norway. In all the works, which range from post-modern poetry to picture books for children, the use of Norse mythology is a central element. The works will then be analysed in individual chapters. The first four of these (2-5) examine the use of myth in novels: Ragnarok [The Downfall of the Gods] (1982) by Danish author Villy Sørensen; Kärleksguen Frö [The Love God Freyr] (1988) by Swedish writer Torgny Lindgren; Gunnlaðar saga [The Story about Gunnlod] (1987) by Icelandic writer Svava Jakobsdóttir; and Norwegian Vera Henriksen's Ravn og Due [Raven and Dove] (1991). These will be analysed in turn showing how they utilise similar material with a variety of results.
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Cheng, Ka-wing, and 鄭家榮. "Preventive potential and mechanism of dietary phenolics on the formation of mutagenic heterocyclic amines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4284177X.
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The Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Dentistry, Engineering, Medicine and Science (University of Hong Kong), Li Ka Shing Prize,2008-2009published_or_final_version
Biological Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Stapleton, Graham Neil. "A study of the effects of sucralfate in the bile duct litigated pig peptic ulcer model with particular reference to the effects on the physico-chemical properties of gastric mucus and including comparisons with famotidine and misoprostol." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25727.
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Sucralfate is a drug that effectively heals duodenal, gastric and oesophageal ulcers. It is not absorbed systemically and it has been shown to act locally by coating the ulcer base. However when it was also shown to prevent stress ulcers and ethanolinduced gastric mucosa! lesions, it seemed likely that it acted in some way to improve the effectiveness of the gastric mucosa! barrier. Some investigators suggested that it did so by stimulating local prostaglandin release. The Slomiany group, on the basis of in vitro work on the effects of Sucralfate on pig gastric mucus, claimed that Sucralfate acted by altering the physico-chemical properties of mucus to increase the viscosity and retard the back diffusion of H+ ions. The work described in this dissertation set out to verify, in vivo, these claimed effects on mucus, using an experimental porcine model of peptic ulceration, the bile duct ligated pig. In addition, the effects of Sucralfate were compared with those of Famotidine and Misoprostol, and changes in mucous prostaglandins, gastric juice pepsin and gastric flora were sought. By way of introduction, the known and postulated actions of Sucralfate, current understanding of gastric mucus physiology and pathogenesis of peptic ulceration, have been reviewed, as have experimental animal models of peptic ulceration, in order to justify using the bile duct ligated pig model.
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Thomas, Becky L. "The Use of Therapeutic Rituals in Substance Abuse Treatment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2001. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2712.
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This study explored the use of rituals in substance abuse counseling. Data were obtained from a total of 25 mental health workers in the substance abuse field from the northern region of Utah. Four research questions were asked about rituals and their use in substance abuse counseling: (I) Are addictions therapists using rituals? (2) How did therapists determine when to use rituals? (3) What types of rituals do they use? and (4) How do therapists assess ritual effectiveness? Results indicated that about three fourths of the mental health workers questioned were using rituals in their treatment protocol with substance abuse clients. The most common methods used for determining when to implement rituals into treatment were (a) clients were emotionally stuck, (b) client's cognitive ability, and (c) therapist's perception. The findings also suggested that therapists presented means of assessing the effectiveness of the rituals they implemented, but the data also supported past literature findings that showed little empirical means of assessment.
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Kjellin, Jessica, and Sara Norman. "Arbetsterapeutstudenters utvecklande av ”therapeutic use of self” - En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84409.
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Treece, Christine A. "Psychologists' Use of Dogs in Psychotherapy: A Therapeutic Exploration." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1554402231989459.
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Hakala, John C. "The therapeutic use and effectiveness of humor in psychotherapy." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998hakalaj.pdf.
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Parsons, Ann Bernardene. "Designing a resource guide for horticultural therapy programs at botanical gardens and arboreta." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104531.
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余詩德 and Sze-tak Yu. "Effects of Chinese green tea and tea catechins on lipolysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969677.
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Zhang, Jingjing, and 张晶晶. "The anti-cancer properties of cyclometalated gold(III) complexes and organogold(III) supramolecular polymers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208171.
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Prompted by the successful clinical application of cisplatin in cancer therapy, worldwide efforts have been devoted to develop new metal-based drugs for anticancer treatment. Gold(III) complexes at first received attention as anti-cancer drug candidates because of their square-planar geometry which resembles that of platinum(II) complexes. Subsequent studies revealed that various gold(III) complexes displayed promising anti-cancer activities with different biological mechanisms. Although some achievements have been obtained in the development of anti-cancer gold(III) complexes, challenges including the improvement of bioavailability, stability and selectivity, elucidation of the action mechanisms, and the development of novel delivery approaches of gold(III) complexes to reduce systematic toxicity, remain to be exploited.
A panel of anti-cancer complexes [AuIII(R-C^N)(L)]n+ (wherein HC^N is 2-phenylpyridine, L is biguanide or biuret) have been identified and described in Chapter 3. Biguanide or biuret have been employed to improve the solubility of the complexes in aqueous solutions. Meanwhile, the lipophilicity could readily be adjusted by varying the R group to obtain a balance between lipophilicity and aqueous solubility. Among the synthesized complexes, the cationic complexes, [AuIII(butyl-C^N)biguanide]Cl (3.1) and [AuIII(C^N)biguanide]Cl (3.2) are soluble in aqueous solutions with solubility over 5 mg/mL. Besides, introduction of butyl groups to 3.1 and [AuIII(butyl-C^N)biuret] (3.3) resulted in higher cellular uptake of gold, which might enhance their cytotoxic activities (IC50 values: 1.5–17 μM) compared with 3.2 and [AuIII(C^N)biuret] (3.4) (IC50 values: 9.4–47.3 μM). Moreover, 3.1 was also found to induce cell cycle arrest in S-phase and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) damage in human cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa) cells, and display significant anti-angiogenic activity at its sub-cytotoxic concentrations.
In Chapter 4, a series of gold(III) complexes with dithiocarbamate and 2-phenylpyridine ligands to target deubiquitinases (DUBs), have been designed. These complexes achieved significant inhibition on purified DUBs. Notably, [AuIII(2-(4-nbutylphenyl) pyridyl)(diethyldithiocarbamate)]PF6 (4.1) inhibited both the purified (IC50 values: 46–223 nM) and cell-based DUBs activities with high efficiency. Its interaction with DUB UCHL1 and peptides which are present in several types of DUBs and contain active cysteine residue were confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis. All complexes displayed significant cytotoxicities, and those containing diethyldithiocarbamate ligand displayed specific cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells. Accumulation of a tumor suppressor p53, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptotic cell death were induced in breast cancer cells by 4.1. Besides, 4.1 also showed anti-angiogenic effects. These biological activities might be related with DUBs inhibition.
In Chapter 5, a cytotoxic complex [AuIII(C^N^C)(4-dpt)](CF3SO3) (5.1, HC^N^CH = 2,6-diphenylpyridine; 4-dpt = 2,4-diamino-6-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine) has been designed to self-assemble into supramolecular polymers (5.1-SP) in acetonitrile. In physiologically relevant solutions, 5.1-SP displayed a sustained-release property of the anti-angiogenic ligand 4-dpt, and in the presence of glutathione (GSH), [AuIII(C^N^C)-GSH] adduct(s) were also gradually released. The supramolecular polymers 5.1-SP also showed selective cytotoxicity toward cancerous cells, and could act as drug-carriers of other cytotoxic agents to achieve sustained-release behavior.published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Roberts, Jacintha. "Studies on bisphosphonate elution from orthopaedic implants." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112582.
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In a 6-week rat model it was demonstrated that a small dose of peri-implant zoledronic acid (ZA) increased local bone formation 3-fold compared with controls. Ancillary in vitro studies using 14C-labeled ZA implant doses demonstrated biphasic elution profiles for implants coated with hydroxyapatite; complete ZA release occurred within one to three weeks in serum compared with only 60% ZA release after 12 weeks in water. Implants without hydroxyapatite coating showed more burst-type release profiles and full ZA elution within 24 hours of hydration in serum or water. Canine studies at 6 weeks using implants with 14C-labeled ZA showed that the compound remained localized, with the greatest ZA concentration immediately adjacent to the implant. Although there was evidence of skeletal ZA distribution via diffusion into the circulation, the levels were two orders of magnitude less than at the implant site.
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Kilinkissa, Ornella Edlyne Youdaga. "Physical chemical properties of selected pharmaceutical co-crystals." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/731.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Magister Technologiae: Chemistry
in the Faculty of Applied Sciences at the
CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
2014The solid state modification of a given active pharmaceutical ingredient is a desired way to alter its physicochemical properties, such as solubility or bioavailability. The solubilitymelting point relationship of the ensuing co-crystal or salt is not fully understood. In this thesis, a series of model co-crystals and pharmaceutical co-crystals and salts of baclofen were investigated. The model co-crystals were prepared from 4,4’-bipyridine (BIPY) and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (ETBIPY) used as host compounds which were combined with a series of carboxylic acids as co-formers, such as p-toluic acid (PTA), rac-phenylbutyric acid (racPBA), racemic and S-phenylsuccinic acid (racPSA and S-PSA, respectively). In the second part, six new multicomponent crystals of baclofen (BAC, (RS) 4-amino-3-(4- chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid), were prepared with mono- and dicarboxylic acids: two pharmaceutical co-crystals obtained with benzoic acid (BAC•BA) and p-toluic acid (BAC•PTA) and four pharmaceutical salts with 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, (BAC+)(HNA-), oxalic acid, 2(BAC+)(OA2-), maleic acid, (BAC+)(MA-) and p-toluene sulfonic acid, (BAC+)(PTSA-)•IPA. The compounds prepared were analysed by single crystal and powder X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry and their solubility was measured in water and ethanol. From the analysis of the model co-crystals it was concluded that their aqueous solubility is inversely related to the melting point values and this can be explained by packing features. Also, the introduction of a chiral building block, compared to its racemic counterpart, is a valuable way to limit the formation of the intermolecular interactions in the new multicomponent crystal and thus decrease the efficiency of the packing which eventually leads to lower melting points and better solubility. The analysis of the baclofen crystals suggests that a strong, robust and predictable hydrogen bonding network with a combination of molecular building blocks which show acceptable molecular flexibility is a good recipe for successful co-crystal design.
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Otten, Sooser G. "Existential presentation of the mythic in the modern novel." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376613.
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Zhang, Xiao, and 張瀟. "The effects of l-tetrahydropalmatine and rhynchophylline, alkaloids derived from herbal medicines, on cellular and molecular neurotoxicityof cocaine in PC12 cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43572248.
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Wang, Ning Michael, and 王宁. "The preventive and curative potential of berberine and coptis on humanhepatocellular carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48079637.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary cancer of liver. It is the fifth common malignant tumor in men while seventh common in women. Aetiology of HCC is complex; however, it is now believed that sustained chronic liver injury and fibrosis are critically involved in the development of HCC. Prevention and treatment of HCC is far from desirable and prognosis remains poor. Coptis is a Chinese herbal Medicine which has been used for more than thousands years for clearing heats, dampness and toxics. Recently, studies from our group reported the hepatoprotective effect of Coptis and its major active component, berberine, on acute liver injury and berberine was extensively studied for their anti-tumor effect. However, there’s no comprehensive investigation focusing on the preventive and curative potential of berberine on HCC. Hence, here we hypothesized Coptis and berberine exhibits both preventive and curative effects on HCC. The prevention of HCC by berberine and Coptis may rely on their effects on chronic liver damage and fibrosis, and the curative action may depend on their actions on the angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion of HCC. Both in vitro cell models and in vivo animal system were used in our study and some molecular events were investigated. We found that berberine and Coptis could significantly attenuate the chronic liver injury and fibrosis by restoring the anti-oxidative enzyme SOD activity in CCl4-, bile duct ligation- and alcohol-induced liver injury and fibrosis model. Recovery of SOD activity prevents the hepatocytes from apoptosis by inhibiting the oxidative stress-induced Erk1/2 signaling activation. The prevention of berberine and Coptis on chronic liver injury and fibrosis may contribute to its preventive effect against HCC. Then we found that berberine (as representative to Coptis) could suppress the angiogenesis of HCC, in which berberine does not directly act on the blood vessel formation, but suppress the expression and secretion of pro-angiogenic factors VEGF in HCC cells, and Id-1 inhibition by berberine plays a central role in the suppression of HIF-1α/VEGF and NF-κB pathways. We also found that berberine could induce both apoptotic and autophagic cell death in HCC, and the mitochondria related-caspases activation confers the apoptosis while mTOR inhibition initiates autophagy in berberine treated- cells. We found that berberine could suppress the migration and invasion of HCC cells as well, and Rho-GTPases/ROCK signaling is the particular target in berberine’s anti-invasive action. Finally, to dig out some molecular events involved in berberine’s action on HCC, we studied critically the mechanism underlying berberine’s inhibition on Cyclin D1 in HCC. We found berberine may promote the IKKα-induced Cyclin D1 phosphorylation at T286, and this may initiate the ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation of Cyclin D1 in berberine-treated HCC cells and contribute to berberine’s anti-HCC action. Critical clinical trials and OMICS techniques were planned to further our comprehensive study on Coptis and berberine’s effects on HCC. In all, we found that berberine targets on different stages and molecules and exerts preventive and curative potential against HCC. Our study sheds light on the clinical application of berberine in HCC treatment.published_or_final_version
Chinese Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Chan, Chung-ling Pansy, and 陳鍾靈. "The long-term effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on cognitive function and clinical symptoms in early psychosis : a follow-up randomized control trial." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206585.
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Background: A study of the impact of yoga and aerobic exercise and psychosis was conducted in 2012 by Lin et al., from The University of Hong Kong. The study indicated significant improvement in the aspects of physical fitness, cognitive functions, psychosocial and emotional functioning in patients with psychosis after a 12-week yoga or aerobic intervention program. Long-term effect of exercise intervention, however, had yet been determined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms in early psychosis. Patients who originally participated in Lin et al.’s 2012 study were recruited and re-assessed in this current 18-month follow-up study.
Methods: Two intervention groups (yoga and aerobic exercise group) and one control group (wait-list control group) of a total 57 subjects from the initial study were recruited in this follow-up study. Cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms were assessed at three time points (T1:Baseline, T2:12-week, T3:18-month).
Results: No significant changes or significant deterioration were found in cognitive functioning, clinical symptoms and depression between T2 (12-week) and T3 (18-month) in both intervention groups (yoga and aerobic group). Significant improvement of clinical symptoms was observed in wait-list control group at T3.
Conclusions: Although there is no significant finding in this current study, it is still recommended that further study on the relationship between physical exercise intervention and psychosis should carried out in order to explore other adjunct, and especially low cost, treatment to antipsychotics in treating people with psychosis.published_or_final_version
Psychological Medicine
Master
Master of Psychological Medicine
26
Hall, Clifford Michael. "Relative efficacy of hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone in acute severe asthma." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25562.
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Razmovski-Naumovski, Valentina. "Characterisation of Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Saponins Affecting Cholesterol Homeostasis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29787.
Full textAbstract:
G. pentaphyllum (Thun.) Makino (Cucurbitaceae) is a perennial climbing herb,
mainly found in southern tropical areas of Asia. Traditional use of the herb
dates back 500 years and includes treatment for chronic tracheitis, bronchitis,
infectious hepatitis, pyelitis and gastroenteritis. Its numerous medicinal
applications include anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic, anti-tussive and
expectoratory actions. The plant is not endemic to Australia and, as far as the
author knows, has never been cultivated in this region. Therefore, cultivation
of G. pentaphyllum was undertaken in Sydney, Australia in order assess its
growth in a new environment and to provide local material for further chemical
and biological assessment (Chapter 2). It was observed that G. pentaphyllum
adapted successfully to the Sydney soil, light and water conditions and the
yields provided ample supply of material for extraction purposes.
28
Meyer, Kevin J. "The relationship between therapists' use of humor and therapeutic alliance." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186189837.
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Cowell, Richard Pennant Wynn. "Studies on the therapeutic use of pacing in myocardial dysfunction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299473.
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Carvalho, George. "Studies on the inotropic effect of insulin and glucose : a new diet for the ischemic heart?" Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101840.
Full textAbstract:
The present project investigated the effect of glucose, high dose insulin and normoglycemia (GIN) therapy in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery. A reduction in myocardial injury as measured by cardiac troponin I was the primary end point. Cardiac function based on hemodynamics and vasoactive drug requirements as well as clinical outcome were evaluated. Hormones and metabolites and cardiac metabolism were investigated concurrently as potential mechanisms of GIN therapy. The major findings of the present study are that GIN therapy reduced post-operative myocardial injury and myocardial dysfunction leading to a decrease in major complications following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The mechanism of the overall improvement in cardiac function and decreased morbidity following CABG with GIN therapy is likely to be multi-factorial, but from the present results, is influenced by improved myocardial metabolism. GIN therapy is thus an effective diet for the ischemic heart.
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Braun, Marle. "Total antioxidant capacity of stewed tomato and onion flavoured with parsley: effect of thermal household processing." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/766.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Consumer Sciences: Food and Nutrition))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006Fruit and vegetables are the major antioxidant contributors to the diet Antioxidants assist in the prevention of oxidative damage in the body and may as a result prevent the causation of degenerative diseases. Thermal household processing plays an integral part in South African consumers' lives, as most fruit and vegetables consumed are processed at home. Consumers' perceptions that food processing causes nutrient losses, especially of vitamin C, have been corroborated by studies that investigated thermal household processing of single foods or that of industrial processing. No studies have determined the effect of thermal household processing on mixed dishes. A popular consumed South African mixed dish, namely, stewed tomato and onion flavoured with parsley, was investigated by using three recipes, each using a different preparation method. The traditional recipe for the preparation of stewed tomato and onion was modified (control recipe) to contain parsley. Two other recipes (Recipe 1 and 2) were compiled based on the recipe formulation of the control recipe but differed in the preparation methods used. In Recipe 1, raw onion was added to cooked tomato and in Recipe 2, sauteed onions were added to cooked tomato.
32
Flood, Biruta Livija. "Barbarian sources of imaging and use of northern mythology in twelfth century Burgundian sculpture." Master's thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150037.
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Hu, Yaxin, and 胡亞欣. "Biophysical interactions between therapeutic ultrasound and live cell." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208032.
Full textAbstract:
Therapeutic ultrasound employs the acoustic energy carried by high-frequency mechanical wave to induce beneficial effects on living systems. This therapeutic approach is advantageous in that its energy could be remotely focused on the targeted tissue in a non-invasive manner. Although ultrasound therapy has been shown to be feasible and effective in both laboratory experiments and clinical trials, its safety and efficacy are still challenged by the lack of fundamental knowledge of how ultrasound wave exerts physical effects on the cell system and how the cell functionally responds to the ultrasound stimulation. Motivated by the above insight, this thesis aims to provide direct experimental evidence for illustrating the biophysical details of how ultrasound wave (alone or combined with microbubble) interacts with live cells.
An acoustic experimental platform with well-calibrated ultrasound field and live-cell imaging modality was developed to observe ultrasound-cell interaction. Based on this platform, a series of single-cell studies was then conducted to monitor the structural and functional changes of the live cell as well as its fluorescently-labelled components over the course of ultrasound exposure. Results obtained in this thesis provided image-level evidence for characterizing the ultrasound-cell interactions in the following three aspects. First, it was found that low-intensity ultrasound pulsing could directly perturb the plasma membrane, the cytoskeletal
network and the inner nucleus of live neuroblastoma cells. This cytomechanical perturbation would result in reversible and structural alternations of subcellular components. Second, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, when applied on neuronal cells, could exert morphological impact through inducing neurite retraction and cell body displacement, and electrophysiological impact in the form of membrane depolarization and calcium influx. This finding verified the potential of ultrasound in modulating neuronal development and excitability. Last, the cell membrane perforation and resealing dynamics induced by the ultrasound-activated microbubble were visualized and characterized. The subsequent cellular responses to this ultrasound-induced sonoporation were also identified at both membrane and cytoskeleton levels.
The significance of this study is to provide direct and solid experimental evidence for understanding the biophysical interactions between ultrasound wave and live cell. This advanced scientific interpretation is definitely crucial for establishing the cellular mechanisms of therapeutic ultrasound and for providing technical insights into ultrasound treatment.published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
34
Zhang, Jingxuan, and 张静璇. "Therapeutic landscape in high-density urban environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4754479X.
Full textAbstract:
Hong Kong’s compacted urban form brings about potential problems including mental illness. Meanwhile stressful life mainly originates from working pressure brought a lot of physical and mental problems for the people themselves and generating serious family and social problems. As more and more people start to aware mental health issue, the current mental health services system is no longer sustainable due to increasing number of patients. This thesis aims to excavate the potential for landscape to become element in healthcare delivery in the context of community as following: refine the definition of therapeutic landscape, define the scope of work, and identify components essential for therapeutic environment. Last but not least, dig out possible interpretation/physical form through set an example of a particular design introduce for a typical site.
Therapeutic landscape which introduce to community recreation system will become a new approach to backup mental health service system as well provide people more convenient and broad healthcare service to cultivate healthy personality. Thus promote community organic development to become a thoughtful and institutional environment.published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture
35
Peternelli, Loris. "The relationship between emotionality and in-session therapeutic phenomena." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0019/NQ37011.pdf.
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Chan, Wing-yan Veronica, and 陳詠恩. "An examination of neuroprotective effects of 17B-estradiol and extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and HypericumPerforatum against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)induced nigral-striatal neuronal degeneration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3122720X.
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O’Gorman, Maurice R. G. "Reduced in vitro IgG secretion following in vivo injection of interferon (wellferon R) in multiple sclerosis patients." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24876.
Full textAbstract:
An in vitro IgG secretion assay was developed to investigate the regulation of the humoral immune response in humans. Pokeweed mitogen (PWM), a plant lectin derived from Phytolacca americana stimulates human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) to divide and resting B-lymphocytes to differentiate into immunoglobulin secreting cells (ISC). This differentiation requires that both monocytes and T-lymphocytes be present in the culture system. The amount of IgG secreted by these differentiated B-lymphocytes in response to PWM appears to be the net result of a balance between the functional activity of the regulatory T-helper and T-suppressor cells. Alterations, qualitative or quantitative in any of these leukocyte subsets could conceivably alter the amount of IgG secreted by the B-lymphocyte subpopulation.
We have employed this assay to investigate the immune status in a group of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to assess the immunoregulatory effects of interferon (Wellferon R, INF) administered in vivo to this selected group. Their mononuclear cells (MNC) were studied in this PWM induced IgG secretion assay before INF treatment and again after 7 days of daily sub-cutaneous injections (5 X 10⁶ u/day). Twenty patients received the interferon (INF) preparation and eighteen received normal saline. The study was carried out in a double blind manner and the code was broken only after individual results had been calculated.Medicine, Faculty of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of
Graduate
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Faghihi, Shahabeddin. "Effects of crystal size and orientation of novel titanium-based substrates on cell adhesion : implication for medical implants." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111882.
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The high performance of bone implants depends on the positive response of osteoblasts to the surface of the materials manufactured for the implant. Cell response in turn strongly depends on the nature of the initial interaction of macromolecules involved in cell adhesion and proliferation with the atomic structure of the surface of the material used for the implant. The initial interaction between bone specific extracellular matrix proteins and the solid substrate influences cell response at the cell-implant interface. This interaction is crucial for implant stability, long-term durability, and osseointegration. Despite extensive research undertaken to develop high-quality material for implants in order to improve the cell-substrate interaction, little is known about the significance of the atomic structure of the substrate and the role of molecular machinery involved in cell-substrate interaction. Using a combined approach involving material sciences and cell and molecular biology, the objectives of this research are to evaluate the response of pre-osteoblast and fibroblast cell lines to novel bulk polycrystalline and single crystal titanium based material and assess the role of crystal size and orientation.Novel bulk nano-structured titanium substrates were produced by the process of high-pressure torsion (HPT). These materials have a significant advantage compared to conventional titanium-based materials by having higher surface wettablity, mechanical properties as well as a distinct surface oxide layer and atomic structure. A co-culture system was adapted to investigate the differential response of pre-osteoblast and fibroblast cell lines to titanium and titanium dioxide single-crystal substrates.
The results of this study provide clear evidence that crystal size and specific crystallographic orientation can be used to improve cell adhesion and proliferation. The nanostructured titanium substrates show strong interaction with pre-osteoblast cells as evident by the higher expression of fibronectin and the formation of extensive focal adhesion. Differential cell behaviour of pre-osteoblasts and fibroblasts are observed in cultures grown on the substrates with specific crystallographic orientations. The degree of cell attachment of the pre-osteoblasts is considerably higher on Ti-(1120) crystal face compared with the fibroblasts. These findings have profound implications for the improved osseointegration and inhibition of fibrosis leading to long-term implant consolidation and stability.
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Albacker, Turki B. "High dose insulin therapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101833.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a step forward in evaluating insulin therapy and defining its role in cardiac surgery first described as Glucose-Insulin-Potassium (GIK) solution 40 years ago.Chapter (I) includes a review of the literature on insulin therapy in cardiac surgery and illustrates the scientific bases and controversies in this therapy.
Chapter (II) entitled: "Myocardial Protection During Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Using High Dose Insulin Therapy" represents a manuscript that was presented in the following meetings: (A) Local meetings: (1) McGill cardiovascular research day, February 1/2007, Montreal, Canada. (2) Fraser Gurd annual research day, McGill surgery department, May 31/2007, Montreal, Canada. (B) National meetings: (1) 11th Annual Terrence Donnelly research day for Canadian cardiac surgery residents, May 26/2007, Toronto, Canada. (C) International meetings: (1) 43rd Annual meeting of the Society of thoracic surgeons (STS), January 30/2007, San Diego, United States. A full manuscript was submitted to "The Annals of Thoracic Surgery" for review.
Chapter (III) entitled: "High Dose Insulin Therapy Attenuates Systemic Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting" represents a manuscript that was presented in the following meetings: (A) Local meetings: (1) Fraser Guard McGill Surgery department annual research day, May 3/2006, Montreal, Canada. (B) National meetings: (1) 10th Annual Terrence Donnelly research day for Canadian cardiac surgery residents, May 26/2007, Toronto, Canada. (2) Young investigator forum, Canadian Society of Clinical Investigators (CSCI), September 28/2006, Ottawa, Canada. (3) 59 th annual meeting of Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS), October 21/2006, Vancouver, Canada. (C) International meetings: (1) American Heart Association (AHA), November 12/2006, Chicago, United states.
Abstracts from this work were published in the following journals: (1) Clinical and Investigative Medicine, Vol. 29, No. 4, August 2006. (2) The Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 22 supp D, October 2006 (3) Circulation, Vol. 114 supp, No. 18, October 2006.
A full manuscript was submitted to "the journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery" for review.
40
衛穎賢 and Wing-yin Eric Wai. "Effect of herbal medicine (Ganoderma lucidum) on nitric oxide production in macrophages." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3197126X.
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趙詠頤 and Wing-yee Chiu. "Effect of chronic green tea consumption on lipolysis in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970461.
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Liu, Jie, and 劉潔. "Intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508452.
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Khalil, Tayma. "Basal-like breast cancers : characterization and therapeutic approaches." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112520.
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Background. Both basal-like subtype and BRCA1-related breast cancers tend to have a poor overall prognosis and lack of effective treatments. Given that the lung cancer drug gefitinib and the leukemia drug dasatinib inhibit proteins also belonging to the molecular signature of this subtype, we and others hypothesized that they might be useful therapies for those two breast cancer subgroups.Methods. Eight breast cancer cell lines were characterized by immunohistochemistry and western blotting and were treated with both drugs. Response was measured by using the sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay.
Results. Two out of six basal-like cell lines were sensitive to gefitinib and five of six to dasatinib. BRCA1-related breast cancers were also responsive to dasatinib (three out of four). Moreover, EGFR and caveolin-1 act as markers for dasatinib sensitivity, but do not appear to be the primary targets of this drug. The presence of SRC but not ABL is necessary to achieve a response to dasatinib.
Conclusion. Dasatinib is more effective in the treatment of basal-like breast cancers than gefitinib and acts by inhibiting SRC and other molecules that are yet to be determined.
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Naidoo, Leanne. "Soul tattoos : an exploration of the therapeutic self - the indelible and the disposable." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/373.
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From a social constructionist perspective, the self of the therapist is the only tool that she takes into therapy with her. The study of the therapeutic self therefore becomes important as this impacts on the quality of therapy received by the client. This treatise explores the development of the researcher’s therapeutic self through the storying of significant learning experiences in the course of her training in counselling psychology. An analysis of the narrative reveals the substance of some of the soul tattoos that make up her therapeutic self. The study was undertaken from an action research approach, thus emphasising the investigation of the therapeutic self in the field and feeding this information back into the practice of counselling psychology in the course of the research project. The themes extracted in the analysis reveal the process of action learning and what constituted significant learning experiences for the researcher. The researcher found that certain conditions were required for the formation of soul tattoos and that merely obtaining a masters degree in counselling psychology was not sufficient preparation for the practice of counselling psychology.
45
Miller, David West. "A critical incident study of poetry therapy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31838.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the effectiveness of poetry as an ancillary psychotherapeutic technique in a group counselling setting. Five adult immigrants/refugees (less than five years in Canada and who were learning English as an additional language) from Hong Kong, Iran, Guatamala, Colombia, and one Canadian Native Indian volunteered for and completed a workshop, "Settling in Canada", and participated in subsequent data collection procedures.
Flanagan's (1954) Critical Incident Technique was used to discover what poetic events facilitate and what poetic events hinder the process of settling in Canada. Non—poetic events were analysed in the same fashion.
Data was drawn from three sources. Two post—workshop critical incident interviews provided data from which 10 poetic and 8 non—poetic facilitating categories, and 1 poetic and 2 non—poetic hindering categories were induced. These categories were supported by workshop leader observations and by poetry produced by the participants.
The results indicate that poetry used in a variety of ways facilitates exploration of and expression of feelings, increases self—esteem and confidence, promotes dialogue among workshop participants and others, expands one's definition of self, and enhances personal problem solving. The participants in the Settling in Canada workshop stated that these factors helped them settle in Canada.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
46
Epasinghe, Don Jeevanie. "Applications of proanthocyanidin in dentistry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197558.
Full textAbstract:
In dentistry, repair and restoration of tooth structure to regain its mechanical properties is the ultimate aim of caries management. Currently, preventive therapies are preferred to operative interference. New preventive approaches are necessary to treat dental caries.
Dentine is composed of an organic matrix, consisting of type 1. Degradation of collagen matrix is the main reason for breakdown of resin-dentine bonds and development of secondary caries over time. Hence, preservation of collagen fibrils is essential for preventive and reparative procedures in minimum intervention dentistry. Proanthocyanidin (PA) is a natural collagen cross-linker, which can be obtained from grape seeds, pine bark or elm tree. It has a high affinity to proline-rich proteins, like collagen. Cross-linking of the collagen fibrils increases their mechanical properties and their resistance to breakdown by proteolytic enzymes.
Thus, in the first part of the study, with the aim of discovering other possible natural dentine collagen cross-linkers, the effect of two smaller molecular size flavonoids, naringin and quercetin, on the mechanical properties of demineralized dentine was compared to PA. Demineralized dentine treated with PA showed the greatest increase in mechanical properties, followed by quercetin and naringin. The protease inhibitory effect of PA was evaluated by examining its actions on soluble and collagen-bound matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins. Proanthocyanidin, even at low concentration of 1%, exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on soluble and matrix-bound proteases.
Secondly, PA was incorporated in a dental adhesive to facilitate its application in clinical situations. The effect of PA incorporation on durability of resin-dentine bond was evaluated. Up to 2% of PA could be added to dental adhesive with no adverse effects on immediate resin-dentine bond strength. However, the bond strengths of PA-incorporated adhesives dropped significantly following ageing. This could be attributed to the free radical scavenging effect of PA, which might also have interfered with polymerization of dental adhesive.
The mechanical properties of PA-incorporated adhesive were evaluated and it was shown that up to 1% PA could be incorporated into an adhesive resin. With the addition of higher concentration of PA, the mechanical properties of the adhesive resin were reduced with increased solubility. Proanthocyanidin release from the cured resin showed an initial burst for 48 hours and was stabilized after five days.
Finally, the remineralization potential of PA on artificial root caries was also compared with quercetin and naringin. All three flavonoids showed remineralization potential; however, their effects were inferior to fluoride. Proanthocyanidin formed a precipitate band on the superficial layer of carious lesion, preventing further mineral deposition. Subsequently, PA was incorporated in a CPP-ACFP (casein phosphoproteins amorphous calcium fluorophosphates) containing-paste to increase the mineral uptake in subsurface layer of caries lesion. Simultaneous application of PA and CPP-ACFP was shown to have a favourable outcome on mineral deposition in root caries lesion.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
47
陳澤楠. "淺論武夷肉桂茶的中醫學功效." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/235.
Full textAbstract:
本文主要通過查閱和收集近年來有關武夷肉桂茶及茶葉研究相關的文獻和文章，介紹了武夷肉桂茶的產地、生物特性、製作工藝、審評、他學組分、相關藥理作用的研究等各方面的內容。分析了武夷肉桂茶的性味歸經、中醫學功效進而提出了目前的研究中尚存的一些問題，以及對茶療這一療法今後的研究和發展方向表達了自己的見解。 武夷肉桂茶，無性奈、灌木型、小葉類、中晚生種。原產於國家一級自然保護區武夷山，香氣辛銳濃長似桂皮香。其含有多種營養成分和藥理活性成分，如茶多盼、茶氯酸、咖啡鹼、茶多糖、複合糖、茶皂素、有機酸、芳香物質、類胡蘿蔔素、葉綠素、黃闢類、維生素C 、多種B 屬維生素、維生素P 及磷、主甲、鈣、鎮、鋒、氣、晒等礦物元素，均為人體保健的功能性物質。 經過武夷岩茶的製作工藝後的肉桂茶，其性味表現為“味辛，甘，苦，性溫’歸心、肺、腎、胃經。具有發汗解肌、補火助陽、他氣行水、溫經通絡、溫通心陽、溫脾胃、提神醒腦等功效。可用於治療外戚表邪、膀恍氣化失常、痛痹、心陽不振、下元虛冷、脾胃虛寒等證。 近年來研究資料顯示：武夷肉桂茶中的有效成分具有抗菌抗病毒、增強免疫力、利尿、抗炎、降血脂和抗動脈粥樣硬化、抗凝血及抗血桂、降壓、降血糖、對中樞性和末梢性血管系統的興奮和強心作用等因此，肉桂茶可用於外戚風寒、前列腺增生、月經不調、精神不振、風濕性關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、冠心病、高血壓、高血脂、高血糖、胃腸疾病、等防治以及日常養生。 然而，對於武夷肉桂茶乃至整個茶療體系的研究還是存在著一些問題，例如沒有從中醫方面進行有關療效的闡述等。所以，我們在瞭解中醫茶療歷史的前提下及茶葉組分的藥理研究的背景下，應當重新審視茶的醫療保健價值，開拓臨床治療及養生保健的新思路。
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何翠歡. "中國清代茶葉藥用功能研究." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/124.
Full textAbstract:
在中國醫藥史上，茶用作於治病已有很長的歷史。人們在食用茶葉的過程中，積累了不少經驗，茶葉除了成為日常的飲料外，亦廣泛地應用於治療疾病上。本論文旨在了解清代的醫家及養生家對茶葉藥用功能的認識。清代的茶文化雖然沒有唐、宋及明代的雅興，但從地域、階層、茶類的廣度變化，及在茶功能的認識、飲茶方式、茶具製作、茶館文化等的深度變他，可見茶在清代有相當的發展。而在清代考證的學術風氣及實踐臨床醫學風氣的影響下，茶葉在清代醫療上，亦有廣度及深度的發揮。 從廣度而言，茶葉廣泛地用於各科病種，在內科、婦科、兒科、眼科、耳鼻喉科、口齒科、外科及傷科，茶葉都能發揮其治病的功能。而使用茶葉的方法， 亦有以單味茶葉、茶葉與諸藥合煎劑、茶調下方、外洗、外敷等，配合各種病症的需要而選擇使用。而深度而言，清代本草醫家對各種茶品的認識更為深入， 使用技巧更有深度。除了適當地運用不同品種、不同炮製方法的茶葉，利用其性昧、升降的不同， 治療不同的疾病。茶葉在組方上的使用更見靈活，使茶葉能針對不同的病症，充分地利用茶的特性，發揮茶的治病功能。清代綜合了前朝茶療的經驗及知識，又完備六大茶品，所以清代茶藥的應用，是傳統中醫藥對茶作為藥品的一個知識總結。了解清代醫家如何理解茶葉的性味、功能，如何將茶葉應用於臨床治病之中，對現代中醫藥的臨床治療及用藥亦有所啟發。 有鍵詞： 清代、茶療、茶葉功能
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Zhou, Shanshan. "Integrating multi-omics to investigate the correlation between the quality and efficacy of ginseng." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/693.
Full textAbstract:
Ginseng, the root and rhizome of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (Araliaceae), is one of the most famed dietary and medicinal herbs worldwide due to its multifaceted efficacies. Ginsenosides and carbohydrates are demonstrated the major bioactive components of ginseng. Ginseng materials are always formed under various conditions, e.g. different growth years or different post-harvest processing/handling manners. These conditions can impact chemical profiles and thereby cause different quality and efficacy of ginseng. To address this issue, it will be necessary to understand the correlation between the quality and efficacy of ginseng materials formed under different conditions. Previous studies have attempted to investigate how growth years and post-harvest processing/handling manners affect the quality and efficacy of ginseng. In the most of these cases, several chemical components and biological parameters were selected as the indicators for evaluating the quality and efficacy of ginseng, respectively. However, it has been well recognized that the therapy of ginseng is featured by "multiple components against multiple targets". Therefore, several selected indicators may fail to comprehensively characterize the quality and efficacy of ginseng, thus cannot accurately reveal their correlations. Instead, holism-based approaches should be employed. In this study, we integrated chemomics, metabolomics and gut microbiota genomics to investigate the correlation between the quality and efficacy of ginseng in the conditions of growth years, steam-processing and sulfur-fumigation. First, chemomics approach was developed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine major ginsenosides and carbohydrates (poly-, oligo- and monosaccharides) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) for characterizing the overall quality of ginseng. Second, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based gut microbiota genomics coupled with biochemical parameters determination were performed to evaluate anti-fatigue and anti-obesity activities of the different ginseng on animal models. Third, the obtained multi-omics data were processed by multivariate statistical analysis and then were integrated to discuss the correlation between the quality and efficacy of ginseng materials in different conditions. The results indicated that: 1) ginseng with 4-6 growth years possessed different anti-fatigue activity in multiple targets due to the different effects of ginsenosides and carbohydrates on endogenous metabolism and gut microbiota; 2) steam-processing qualitatively and quantitatively altered ginsenosides and carbohydrates in ginseng, resulting in different anti-obesity activity between white ginseng and red ginseng, and the mechanisms potentially involve chemically structural/compositional specificity to gut microbiota; 3) SO2 residual content caused by sulfur-fumigation did not correlate with the quality, efficacy and toxicity changes of sulfur-fumigated ginseng, more specifically, less SO2 residue did not indicate higher quality, better efficacy nor weaker toxicity. The research provides scientific insights for guiding the clinical and dietary practice of ginseng and offers new methodology for comprehensively exploring the correlation between the quality and efficacy of herbal medicines
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文詩泳. "紫杉醇脂質體製備工藝和處方的改進." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2010. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1134.
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