Academic literature on the topic 'Theory of truth'

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Journal articles on the topic "Theory of truth"

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Romero, Gustavo E. "Truth and Relevancy." Metatheoria – Revista de Filosofía e Historia de la Ciencia 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.48160/18532330me7.150.

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There are several types of truths. In this paper I focus on semantic truths, and within these on factual truths. These truths are attributed to statements. I review the theory of the truth proposed by Bunge and discuss some problems that it presents. I suggest that a theory of truth of factual statements should be complemented by a theory of relevance, and propose the basic tenets of it. Finally, I briefly discuss the nature of propositions and the problem of scientific truth in the light of the presented semantic theory.
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DiChristina, Mariette. "Theory and Truth." Scientific American 315, no. 5 (October 18, 2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1116-4.

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Ameri, Amer. "On Truth, In Theory." American Journal of Semiotics 10, no. 1 (1993): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ajs1993101/221.

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Sayward, C. "Prior's theory of truth." Analysis 47, no. 2 (March 1, 1987): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/47.2.83.

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Tanesini, Alessandra. "Nietzsche's theory of truth." Australasian Journal of Philosophy 73, no. 4 (December 1995): 548–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048409512346891.

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Levine, Timothy R. "Truth-Default Theory (TDT)." Journal of Language and Social Psychology 33, no. 4 (May 23, 2014): 378–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x14535916.

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Kvernbekk, Tone. "Truth matters – The correspondence theory of truth meets an educational theory." Nordic Studies in Education 27, no. 03 (November 6, 2007): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1891-5949-2007-03-02.

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Rifai, Afga Sidiq. "KEBENARAN DAN KERAGUAN DALAM STUDI KEISLAMAN (TELAAH PEMIKIRAN CHARLES SANDER PEIRCE DALAM BUKU CONTEMPORARY ANALYTIC PHILOSHOPHY)." Jurnal Penelitian Agama 20, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/jpa.v20i1.2019.pp95-109.

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Theory of belief and doubt Charles Sander Peirce gives fresh air to the problems faced by Muslims who are trapped in madzhabiyah and class fanaticism. Charles S. Peirce with the theory of Pragmatism tries to pioneer new philosophical thinking, where good theory must lead to the discovery of new facts and the consequences of theoretical thinking in practice does not stop at doctrine and truth claims (truth claim). Arguments that want to be proposed are beliefs about the truth if a test can be carried out to find truths about their beliefs that will give meaning. In religious studies the approach of Charles S. Peirce's theory is important to find the meaning of a truth that is believed. Keywords: Belief, doubt, Islamic study, Charles Sander Peirce
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Gready, Paul. "NOVEL TRUTHS: LITERATURE AND TRUTH COMMISSIONS." Comparative Literature Studies 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 156–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25659704.

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Gready, Paul. "Novel Truths: Literature And Truth Commissions." Comparative Literature Studies 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 156–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/complitstudies.46.1.0156.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Theory of truth"

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Hamman, Jay. "The Spinozist Theory of Truth." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/602.

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Is Spinoza's theory of truth a correspondence, coherence, or ontological theory? There is disagreement in Spinoza scholarship with regard to this question. Various scholars privilege different aspects of Spinoza's writings in order to make him a correspondence, coherence, or ontological theorist. But is there another reading of Spinoza that one could offer to bridge the gap between these different theories of truth? In this thesis I show that Spinoza's theory of truth is not exclusively correspondence, coherence, or ontological. On the reading I defend, Spinoza offers a theory of truth that is an amalgam of doctrines suited to the metaphysical commitments of his system.
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Marquis, Jean-Pierre. "Towards a theory of partial truth." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75841.

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The nature of truth has occupied philosophers since the very beginning of the field. Our goal is to clarify the notion of scientific truth, in particular the notion of partial truth of facts. Our strategy consists to brake the problem into smaller, more manageable, questions. Thus, we distinguish the truth of a scientific theory, what we call the "global" truth value of a theory, from the truth of a particular scientific proposition, what we call the "local" truth values of a theory. We will present a new local theory of partial truth and will have few things to say about the global level. Moreover, we will also introduce some purely formal results, the most important being the introduction of a new class of algebraic structures which have some interesting connections with classical logic.
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Manolakaki, Eleni. "Truth evaluability in radical interpretation theory." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1791.

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The central problem of the dissertation concerns the possibility of a distinction between truth-evaluable and non-truth-evaluable utterances of a natural language. The class of truth-evaluable utterances includes assertions, con. ectures and other kinds of speech act susceptible of truth evaluation. The class of non-truth-evaluable utterances includes commands, exhortations, wishes i.e. utterances not evaluated as being true or false. The problem is placed in the context of radical interpretation theory and it shown that it is a substantial problem of Davidson‘s early theory of radical interpret at ion. I consider the possibility of distinguishing between locutionary and illocutionary act in uttering a sentence and its significance in the present project. I discuss the suggestion that the mood of the verb of the sentence signifies the required distinction between truth-evaluable utterances and non-truth-evaluable ones. I argue that no criterion for the distinction based on the mood of the verb is adequate. The solution that I propose to the problem of classifylng truth-evaluable utterances appeals to mental states. The view that grounds this line of inquiry is that the truth-evaluability of an utterance is a characteristic of it exclusively relevant to the doxastic dimension of the speaker’s mind. I discuss the constraints that the nature of radical interpretation puts upon the way we construe the notion of belief. I propose that a possible classification of mental states into doxastic and non-doxastic that would result in a classification of utterances into truth-evaluable and non-truthevaluable ones can be given by an elaborated version of a decision theoretic scheme. I suggest that a decision theoretic scheme based on a decision theory that, like Savage’s theory, grants independence axioms is a better candidate to offer a solution to the central problem of the dissertation than a scheme based on a non- standard decision theory such as Richard Jeffrey’s. I conclude by showing that the proposal I make satisfies the constraints I have considered and that it can be accommodated by a radical interpretation theory.
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Alexander, Emil. "A behaviorist correspondence theory of truth." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för teoretisk filosofi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417232.

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For many decades there has been an ongoing feud between the fields of behaviorism and cognitive science. This feud is not about specific scientific findings, it is about deep philosophical convictions, and about what terms and methods it makes sense to use when studying psychology. In the late 1950’s, behaviorism was declared dead when it was convincingly argued that behaviorism could not explain the nature of language, a centerpiece of human psychology. But since then behaviorism has slowly risen from its grave, as a new behaviorist theory of language emerged. The new behaviorist theory of language is called Relational Frame Theory (RFT), and it is part of a new behaviorist paradigm called Contextual Behavioral Science (CBS). This paradigm also includes a behaviorist psychotherapy called Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which in the last decade has become popular across the world. Thus, the feud has once again become active, and the question about which philosophical principles are most suitable for the science of psychology is yet again something that needs an answer. But things have changed since the mid-1900’s when the discussion was last active. The philosophy of CBS is not exactly like that of earlier versions of behaviorism, having developed into a more explicit and coherent set of philosophical principles, summarized under the name functional contextualism. Old arguments against behaviorism do not apply to the same degree. So it is time for a new look at this debate, taking into consideration what functional contextualism and RFT has to offer. According to Contextual behavioral science, cognitive science generally entails a commitment to the correspondence theory of truth, the idea that something is true if it corresponds with reality, or a worldly fact. CBS, on the other hand, makes an explicit commitment to a pragmatic theory of truth, which focuses on the consequences (i.e. usefulness) of a statement or theory, instead of its correspondence with reality. Because of the supposed centrality of these theories of truth for the divide between cognitive science and behaviorism, I will focus on what exactly this divide is about, and whether there is any way that the differences can be reconciled. I will argue that the divide isn’t as big as it may seem when we take a closer look at the philosophical principles and empirical theories of CBS, and that it may in fact be possible to bridge this divide by formulating a version of the correspondence theory that is compatible with CBS. In part 1 I present a quick sketch of behaviorism as contrasted with cognitive science, and the connection between behaviorism and the pragmatic theory of truth, as well as the connection between cognitive science and the correspondence theory of truth. In part 2 I give a more detailed description of the philosophy and science of Contextual behavioral science, including the tools for understanding language in CBS terms. In part 3 I present a more detailed description of the correspondence theory of truth, giving an overview of the different versions of this theory that have been proposed throughout the history of philosophy. In part 4 I make a careful evaluation of the CBS objections towards the correspondence theory of truth, and arrive at a version of the correspondence theory that can be expressed in CBS terms. I will conclude that this version is compatible with the underlying philosophy of CBS, even though the CBS pragmatic theory of truth claims otherwise. I call it a behaviorist correspondence theory of truth.
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Fujimoto, Kentaro. "Axiomatic studies of truth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:075b7c37-efe2-4662-a108-e50ca3fb0d68.

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In contemporary formal theory of truth, model-theoretic and non-classical approaches have been dominant. I rather pursue the so-called classical axiomatic approaches toward truth and my dissertation begins by arguing for the classical axiomatic approach and against the others. The classical axiomatic approach inevitably leads to abandonment of the nave conception of truth and revision of the basic principles of truth derived from that nave conception such as the full T-schema. In the absence of the general guiding principles based on that nave conception, we need to conduct tedious but down-to-earth eld works' of various theories of truth by examining and comparing them from various points of view in searching for satisfactory theories of truth. As such attempt, I raise two new criteria for comparison of truth theories, make a proof-theoretic study of them in connection to the foundation of mathematics.
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Hulatt, Owen. "Texturalism and performance : Adorno's Theory of Truth." Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1904/.

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This thesis establishes a new reading of Adorno’s theory of truth. I argue that Adorno posits truth as being mutually constituted by dialectical philosophical texts, and the agent’s cognitive engagement and ‘performance’ of these texts. This reading is founded on an interpretation of Adorno as a transcendental philosopher, who grounds the transcendental necessity of concepts in the requirements of self-preservation. The agent’s performative interaction with the text is held to provide access to truth by virtue of interfering with the conceptual mediation of the agent’s experience. I go on to argue that this conception of truth is also at play in Adorno’s philosophy of art. I claim that the artwork, for Adorno, presents a dialectically constituted whole which, when performatively engaged with by the agent, disrupts the conceptual mediation of his or her experience, and provides access to the truth. While I show that Adorno considers his theory of truth content for art and philosophy to be unified, I also demonstrate that Adorno nonetheless maintains the differentiation between art and philosophy. I do this by providing a new interpretation of the relationship which Adorno draws between aesthetic autonomy and heteronomy.
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Taylor, Neil. "Davidson's truth conditions theory and scientific realism." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1985. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848102/.

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How does language refer to objective reality and relate to speakers? Davidson's truth-conditions theory provides a method of interpretation and, notwithstanding difficulties in relating artificial languages to natural languages, articulates the true structure of all of natural language whilst simultaneously furnishing a theory of logical form. But how does language refer to the world. Davidson's scientific realism abandons any assumed foundational basis in extra-linguistic reality; hence, reference to facts is otiose. Only via the truth-conditions structure of language can the true structure of reality be described. From within language, reality is reconstructed as extensional reference to simultaneously-postulated entities. Yet reference to Davidson's abstracta and the internal causal structure of such events is problematic. Nevertheless, in languages of normal expressive-power, we must refer- even if it proves possible to eliminate an unwanted ontology. Convention (t), however, allows scope for alternative theories discriminating reality. Reference to objective reality being a linguistic action, cognizance must be taken of background features of a speaker's psychological reality guiding and constraining such use. Any foundational basis is again rejected:Davidson's analysis of 'A believes that p' (etc.) abjures reference to Fregean propositions (or to sentences). Furthermore, extra-linguistic Gricean intentions are unacceptable. Only via true, structured, elements of language can the true, structured intensional and intentional elements be described. Thus,beliefs (etc. ) are analyzed within the extensional metalanguage. But Davidson's extensional reconstruction of postulated attitudes, and also reference to 'reasons' as causes, are contentious. Still, it is argued, we must refer to such independent 'reasons', despite shortcomings in Davidson's account. Hence, reference to objective reality and the background attitudes of speakers are all reconstructed within the truth-conditions structure of language as theoretical postulations. Reality is immanent within language, but,crucially, the disclosures of its structured network of interpretants must refer to the structured, true being of a reality beyond itself.
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Kortum, Richard Dennis. "Theory of meaning : sense, force, tone and truth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3995121e-4d4f-4621-a5a7-ed3da6958fd3.

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This thesis examines Michael Dummett's form of a theory of meaning for natural language. I argue that Dummett's extension of Frege's formal techniques to the semantics of natural language, based on the categories of sense, force and tone, and the centrality of truth, provides an inadequate theoretical account of linguistic competence. Part One examines the celebrated sense-force distinction. Dummett's schematic model of force-indicators and sentence-radicals ignores or mishandles semantic features of numerous ordinary expressions and linguistic forms. In many cases the distinction is blurred, and worse, univocity is sacrificed. A chief culprit is the restrictive nature of true-false polarity. The principal thesis that force attaches only to complete sentences is compromised, and Dummett's handling of force-indication fails to account for the distinct elements of word-order, verbal mood and intonation contour. In Part Two I attempt to distinguish genuine varieties of tone, inspecting the different differences among e.g., 'lift'-'elevator', 'cheekbone'-'zygoma', 'ere'- 'before 1 , 'Chinese'-'Chink', 'and'-'but 1 and others, as well as the contribution of adverbs like 'still' and 'almost'. Both Frege and Dummett consign to this general category many expressions which do not belong; for some other cases, tonality is a matter of use, but not meaning. Minimally, the sense-tone boundary needs redrawing. More accurately, the notion of sense, identified with the determination of truth-conditions, must either be broadened to incorporate some non-truth-conditional aspects of word-meaning, or else be replaced by another term possessing the broader role. In Part Three a single general characterization of meaning is advanced which accommodates both individual expressions and linguistic forms. I support the idea that a formulation in terms of a primitive notion of 'making things out to be a certain way', aligned with the poles of correctness and incorrectness, captures in a systematic way the expressions and forms which proved resistant to Dummett's canonical form of explanation.
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Mitchell, David Michael Charles. "Conative rationality : study of a truth-centred theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670352.

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Sievers, Kenneth Henry. "F.H. Bradley and The Coherence Theory of Truth /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487932351059625.

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Books on the topic "Theory of truth"

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Paul, Sartre Jean. Truth and existence. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

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Inc, ebrary, ed. Truth and truth-making. Stocksfield [England]: Acumen, 2009.

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Habermas, Jürgen. Truth and justification. Cambridge: Polity, 2003.

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Dodd, Julian. An identity theory of truth. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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Dodd, Julian. An identity theory of truth. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 2000.

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Pathak, Akhileshwar. Law, theory, power, and truth. Anand, Gujarat: Institute of Rural Management Anand, 2000.

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Dodd, Julian. An Identity Theory of Truth. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230584266.

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Gupta, Anil. The revision theory of truth. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1993.

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Taylor, Billie B. A theory of the truth. New York: Vantage Press, 1998.

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1930-, Belnap Nuel D., ed. The revision theory of truth. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Theory of truth"

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Kuukkanen, Jouni-Matti. "Truth." In The Routledge Companion to Historical Theory, 316–31. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367821814-20.

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Levine, Timothy R. "Truth-Default Theory." In Engaging Theories in Interpersonal Communication, 403–13. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003195511-35.

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Ramsey, Frank Plumpton, Nicholas Rescher, and Ulrich Majer. "The Coherence Theory of Truth." In On Truth, 95–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3738-6_9.

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Hugly, Philip, and Charles Sayward. "Prior’s Core Theory." In Intensionality and Truth, 13–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0293-0_2.

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Goldwasser, Shafi, Saleet Klein, and Daniel Wichs. "The Edited Truth." In Theory of Cryptography, 305–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70500-2_11.

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Maitra, Dipanjan. "Truth in Literature." In Literature and Theory, 79–92. London: Routledge India, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003043942-11.

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Li, Deshun. "Value, Truth and Practice." In Value Theory, 211–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25617-2_9.

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Maddalena, Giovanni, and Guido Gili. "Post-Truth in Theory." In The History and Theory of Post-Truth Communication, 35–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41460-3_3.

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Walhof, Darren. "Disclosing Truth." In The Democratic Theory of Hans-Georg Gadamer, 13–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46864-8_2.

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Granström, Johan Georg. "Truth and Knowledge." In Treatise on Intuitionistic Type Theory, 13–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1736-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Theory of truth"

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Tait, Tim M. P. "Truth (Top Theory Overview)." In HADRON COLLIDER PHYSICS: 15th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics: HCP2004. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1896701.

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Topsoe, Flemming. "On truth, belief and knowledge." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - ISIT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205905.

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Schwartz, A., and C. M. Stanton. "Analyzing surfaces: the truth about elimination theory." In the third annual symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/41958.41996.

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PEI, DAOWU, LONG LI, and LINGLI XIE. "TRUTH DEGREE OF FORMULAS AND STATE THEORY." In Proceedings of the QL&SC 2012. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814401531_0023.

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Sengor, T. "Inflective Spaces: Contribution into the Physical Truth." In 2019 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory (EMTS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursi-emts.2019.8931478.

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"Pragmatic Theory of Truth as Guide in Management Technology." In International Conference on Research in Social Sciences, Humanities and Education. Universal Researchers (UAE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/uruae.uh0516077.

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Jinglei Li, Qinghai Yang, Fenglin Fu, and Kyung Sup Kwak. "Enforcing truth-telling with game theory in relay networks." In 2010 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2010.5674820.

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Dudin, Boris Mikhailovich. "The Truth and Falsehood of the Aether Dynamic Theory." In Педагогика и психология: прикладные исследования и разработки. Москва: Профессиональная наука, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54092/9781684747467_23.

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Reddy, Poli Venkata Subba. "Fuzzy Truth Maintenance System for Non-Monotonic Reasoning." In 2021 International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Its Applications (iFUZZY). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifuzzy53132.2021.9605089.

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Ma, Yingcang, Lu Wang, Huan Liu, and Xiaogai Wang. "Theory of α-truth degrees in 3-valued prerough logic." In 2012 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Intelligence Systems (CCIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccis.2012.6664314.

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Reports on the topic "Theory of truth"

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MARKOV, R. S., E. A. BURTSEVA, and E. I. SHURUPOVA. THE ORIGIN OF THE STATE IN THE SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL PARADIGM K. LEONTIEV. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-14-1-2-29-37.

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The article deals with the philosophical understanding of the social phenomenon of the origin of the state, presented in the works of the pre-revolutionary Russian thinker and conservative publicist K Leontiev. Arguments both confirming and refuting the truth of the proposed concept are studied. It is proved that the Leontiev paradigm is an original interpretation of the organic theory of the origin of the state, which is supported by examples from the natural world and world history.
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Attias, Kobe. Are there any absolute truths left? ResearchHub Technologies, Inc., April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55277/researchhub.rv6w9o6r.

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Opiyo, Newton. What are the impacts of teaching critical appraisal skills in healthcare settings? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/161211.

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Critical appraisal is the process of assessing and interpreting evidence by systematically considering its validity (closeness to the truth), results and relevance to an individual’s work. The goal of formal training in critical appraisal skills is to help healthcare workers in understanding results of research studies and their relevance to patient care. This review focused on training for qualified health professionals in practice, and not health professional students.
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Opiyo, Newton. What are the impacts of teaching critical appraisal skills in healthcare settings? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/161114.

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Critical appraisal is the process of assessing and interpreting evidence by systematically considering its validity (closeness to the truth), results and relevance to an individual’s work. The goal of formal training in critical appraisal skills is to help healthcare workers in understanding results of research studies and their relevance to patient care. This review focused on training for qualified health professionals in practice, and not health professional students.
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Kriegel, Francesco. Learning description logic axioms from discrete probability distributions over description graphs (Extended Version). Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.247.

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Description logics in their standard setting only allow for representing and reasoning with crisp knowledge without any degree of uncertainty. Of course, this is a serious shortcoming for use cases where it is impossible to perfectly determine the truth of a statement. For resolving this expressivity restriction, probabilistic variants of description logics have been introduced. Their model-theoretic semantics is built upon so-called probabilistic interpretations, that is, families of directed graphs the vertices and edges of which are labeled and for which there exists a probability measure on this graph family. Results of scientific experiments, e.g., in medicine, psychology, or biology, that are repeated several times can induce probabilistic interpretations in a natural way. In this document, we shall develop a suitable axiomatization technique for deducing terminological knowledge from the assertional data given in such probabilistic interpretations. More specifically, we consider a probabilistic variant of the description logic EL⊥, and provide a method for constructing a set of rules, so-called concept inclusions, from probabilistic interpretations in a sound and complete manner.
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Batyr, A. V., Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, and E. P. Sedov. The Cyclic Surgings as One of the Reasons of the Modern Economical Crisis. Information Systems Management Institute, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1130.

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Since the problem of the world economical crisis is gaming importance nowadays, it becomes necessary to reveal its real nature and reasons, in order to act in the most adequate way. The cycle theory is a possible explanation for the current situation in the economy.We have carried out our own investigation, during which the economies of USA, United Kingdom and France in 1961-2007 were compared. The real GDP and unemployment dynamics were taken into consideration. We also paid attention to historical events of the period and Kondratiev’s empiric truths, in order to explain both the most powerful crises and the modern one.
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7

Haider, Huma. Transitional Justice and Reconciliation in the Western Balkans: Approaches, Impacts and Challenges. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.033.

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Countries in the Western Balkans have engaged in various transitional justice and reconciliation initiatives to address the legacy of the wars of the 1990s and the deep political and societal divisions that persist. There is growing consensus among scholars and practitioners that in order to foster meaningful change, transitional justice must extend beyond trials (the dominant international mechanism in the region) and be more firmly anchored in affected communities with alternative sites, safe spaces, and modes of engagement. This rapid literature review presents a sample of initiatives, spanning a range of sectors and fields – truth-telling, art and culture, memorialisation, dialogue and education – that have achieved a level of success in contributing to processes of reconciliation, most frequently at the community level. It draws primarily from recent studies, published in the past five years. Much of the literature available centres on Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), with some examples also drawn from Serbia, Kosovo and North Macedonia.
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Crispin, Darla. Artistic Research as a Process of Unfolding. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.503395.

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As artistic research work in various disciplines and national contexts continues to develop, the diversity of approaches to the field becomes ever more apparent. This is to be welcomed, because it keeps alive ideas of plurality and complexity at a particular time in history when the gross oversimplifications and obfuscations of political discourses are compromising the nature of language itself, leading to what several commentators have already called ‘a post-truth’ world. In this brutal environment where ‘information’ is uncoupled from reality and validated only by how loudly and often it is voiced, the artist researcher has a responsibility that goes beyond the confines of our discipline to articulate the truth-content of his or her artistic practice. To do this, they must embrace daring and risk-taking, finding ways of communicating that flow against the current norms. In artistic research, the empathic communication of information and experience – and not merely the ‘verbally empathic’ – is a sign of research transferability, a marker for research content. But this, in some circles, is still a heretical point of view. Research, in its more traditional manifestations mistrusts empathy and individually-incarnated human experience; the researcher, although a sentient being in the world, is expected to behave dispassionately in their professional discourse, and with a distrust for insights that come primarily from instinct. For the construction of empathic systems in which to study and research, our structures still need to change. So, we need to work toward a new world (one that is still not our idea), a world that is symptomatic of what we might like artistic research to be. Risk is one of the elements that helps us to make the conceptual twist that turns subjective, reflexive experience into transpersonal, empathic communication and/or scientifically-viable modes of exchange. It gives us something to work with in engaging with debates because it means that something is at stake. To propose a space where such risks may be taken, I shall revisit Gillian Rose’s metaphor of ‘the fold’ that I analysed in the first Symposium presented by the Arne Nordheim Centre for Artistic Research (NordART) at the Norwegian Academy of Music in November 2015. I shall deepen the exploration of the process of ‘unfolding’, elaborating on my belief in its appropriateness for artistic research work; I shall further suggest that Rose’s metaphor provides a way to bridge some of the gaps of understanding that have already developed between those undertaking artistic research and those working in the more established music disciplines.
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9

Loignon, Andy, Stephanie Wormington, and George Hallenbeck. Reconsidering Myths about Teamwork Using CCL’s Framework on Team Effectiveness. Center for Creative Leadership, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2022.2052.

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In this paper we discuss several pervasive myths and misperceptions about teams and teamwork. We also introduce an evidence-based framework for moving beyond these myths and misperceptions. We shared several statements about teamwork to over 1,300 working adults. On average, across all the myths and respondents, 62% of respondents agreed with the myths we presented, 21% were uncertain, and only 17% disagree. This suggests that over 80% of respondents either endorsed, or expressed uncertainty about, myths relating to fundamental aspects of teamwork. Given the pervasiveness and lack of clarity surrounding myths about teams, we provide a research-grounded framework to better support holistic team effectiveness while also illuminating nuances about common myths. Together, we leverage this framework and our review of the teams literature to offer four broader “truths” that leaders and organizations can keep in mind to support effective teamwork. These include: Effective teams need intentional and systemic support. Teams need to be intentionally supported with ongoing development and an appreciation of their place in broader systems. Teams simultaneously reflect “wholes” and “parts.” Although teams come together to achieve shared and collective goals, they are, fundamentally, a combination of distinct individuals. Teams are dynamic. It is best to re-evaluate where a team is at any point in time rather than assume stability. Beliefs about teams and teamwork need to be (re)surfaced. Given the pervasiveness of myths and misconceptions about teamwork, there is value in openly discussing, questioning, and challenging assumptions about how teams can be the most effective.
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Lylo, Taras. THE IDEOLOGEME «DICTATORSHIP OF RELATIVISM» IN THE ROBERTO DE MATTEI’S ESSAYS: POSTMODERN AND POST-COMMUNIST CONTEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11100.

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The article considers relativism as a philosophical principle and the moral standpoint of a journalist. In particular, the main argumentation of Roberto de Mattei’s work «Dictatorship of Relativism» is analyzed. Like Ratzinger, the Italian publicist describes modern life as ruled by a dictatorship of relativism which does not recognize anything as definitive and whose ultimate goal consists solely of satisfying «the desires of one’s own ego». In his view, the boundaries of the main conflict of modernity lie between two visions of the world: one that believes in the existence of immutable, absolute values, and one that argues that there is nothing stable, that everything is conditional, time-dependent and can be discussed in the media. The markers of this conflict are our attitude to the famous statement of Protagoras about «man as a measure of all things: of the things that are, that they are, of the things that are not, that they are not», as well as to the non-debatable values, the status of natural and positive law, the worldview neutrality, the dehierarchization and multiplicity of truths, the equalization of all worldviews and axiological standpoint in foreign and Ukrainian media. A special attention in the article is paid to the ideological program of media-relativism, as well as to the postmodern and post-communist contexts of the issue of the penetration of relativism into the journalistic values.
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