Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Théorie des Buts Cadres'
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Jezierski, Théo. "L'acceptabilité sociale d'un outil numérique de prévention des inondations : l'influence de la perception du risque et de la perception de contrôle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nîmes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NIME0009.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the design of a digital flood prevention tool. Our work has two objectives: to determine the psychological levers that can be used to improve the tool's a priori social acceptability, and to evaluate the tool's effectiveness once it has been designed. We are meeting these objectives through three studies. In the first, we use Goal Frame Theory to determine which major motivation is the most important - with regard to perceptions of risk and control - for improving the acceptability of the application. Our results show that normative motivation, which focuses on collective aspects, is the most effective in getting individuals to use the tool. Furthermore, the perception of risk remains a good predictor of the tool's acceptability. Next, with the aim of being able to specifically measure individuals' perception of flood control, we validated an adaptation of the Spheres of Control scale. Our analyses show a correct factor structure in three factors: Flood Control, Personal Control, Controllable Nature. We can therefore use it in our latest study on the evaluation of the digital tool. In a three-stage pre/post study (before - after - 2 weeks after), we measure the effect of the tool on participants' perceptions of risk and control. We also compared the tool with a video on climate risk used as a control group. Our results indicate that participants' knowledge and perception of flood control increased more than the control group after using the tool. However, our study appears to be very expensive, which may have biased our other results.This thesis enabled us to understand that Framework Goal Theory - which had never been used in the field of risk - can be a good predictor of acceptability when accompanied by risk perception. This work led to the creation of a specific insert within the tool to reinforce their motivation to use it. We also showed that the tool could improve people's knowledge and perceptions of the behaviours they should adopt to prevent flooding
Duprat, Jérôme. "Contribution à une théorie explicative des systèmes de contrôle et d'incitation des responsables de divisions et de filiales." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOE003.
Full textThrough this research, we try to construct an explanatory theory of the control and incentive systems of the units' managers. We use agency theory, transaction cost economics and contingency theory to analyse the dimensions of the control and incentive systems inside industrial firms. These ones consist of a sub-system for partitioning decision rights, a performance and evaluation sub-system and a reward and punishment sub-system. The important incentive mechanisms of the units' managers are promotions, bonus and stock options. We pursue two main objectives. First, we study the relations between the control and incentive mechanisms on the one hand and the characteristics of the firms, of the units and of the managers themselves on the other hand. The second objective consists in analysing the effects of the legal position of the unit (division or wholly-owned subsidiary) on the manager's control. We made up a sample of 199 units' managers who belong to 104 french or foreign industrial firms. Many original results have been found about the influences of the caracteristics of the firms, of the units and of the managers on the control and incentive mechanisms. Then, some interactions between these mechanisms have been proved. Finally, we showed the impact of the choice of the unit's legal position on these mechanisms
Villatte, Matthieu. "Apport de la Théorie des cadres relationnels à l'étude des troubles de la Théorie de l'esprit dans la schizophrénie et l'anhédonie sociale." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0012.
Full textTheory of Mind refers to one’s ability to attribute mental states. Different models have been proposed in the field of cognitive psychology and neurosciences to explain how this ability operates. Relational Frame Theory (RFT), a new behavioural approach to language and cognition, has recently assumed that deictic relational responding lies at the core of perspective-taking skills, which underpin Theory of Mind. According to this view, these repertoires of relational responding are learned through social interactions. A substantial body of research has highlighted the Theory of Mind impairments of people with schizophrenia. Some of these studies suggest that this dysfunction is a result of a specific alteration in allocentric simulation, whereas egocentric simulation is preserved. Social anhedonia, which is characterized by social disinterest, is one of the main dimensions of schizotypy and schizophrenia. Due to the lack of social experience that is associated with social anhedonia, a high level on this dimension might be one of the causes of deficit in Theory of Mind in schizophrenia. The current research aims to examine RFT predictions, as well as the assumptions of an impaired Theory of Mind in social anhedonia and of a specific alteration in adopting another’s point of view. Four experimental tasks (one Theory of Mind task, two deictic relational responding tasks and one visual perspective-taking task) were used with 30 participants with a high level of social anhedonia, 15 patients with schizophrenia, and control participants. The results show poorer performance of participants with a high level of social anhedonia in comparison with control participants on the Theory of Mind task and on the higher levels of relational complexity in the relational responding tasks. Poorer performance appears also on the visual perspective-taking task when it is required to change perspective. In the group of patients with schizophrenia, the difference with the control group is more important on the four tasks. Several elements support the hypothesis of a specific deficit in taking another’s point of view in social anhedonia, but not in schizophrenia. A correlation appears between performances on the two deictic relational responding tasks and the Theory of Mind task. The findings of the research support RFT view by showing that two populations impaired in the ability to attribute mental states present also a deficit in responding in accordance with deictic frames. The alteration in visual perspective-taking suggests that these difficulties are not limited to the attribution of mental states, but concern a general capacity to change perspective. Finally, social anhedonia might play a key-role in the development of Theory of Mind impairments and, more specifically, of the ability to attribute a mental state to another in people with schizophrenia
Grazzini, Frédérique. "Les rôles managériaux dans le processus de formation de la stratégie : une lecture ancrée dans la théorie des représentations sociales." Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE21037.
Full textMany researchers have highlighted the major roles of top and middle managers in the strategy process (Jarzabkowski, 2005 ; Ikävalko, 2005; Mantere, 2005), yet rare are those who describe these roles precisely and concretely. On the basis of a literature review, this research first emphasizes the need for researchers in strategic management to adopt more dynamic and integrating frames for the future when studying phenomenon such as managerial roles. It appears particularly fruitful to take behavioral and socio-psychological dimensions into account. Thus, from this perspective, relying on the young Strategy-as-Practice research field, combined with the Theory of Social Representations (Moscovici, 1961), this research proposes construction of a theoretical model intended to explain the constitution of managerial roles in strategy process. More largely, this theoretical model is anchored in critical management studies, especially those linked with Foucault’s work. From a discursive perspective, the present research invites consideration that the strategic discourses to which managers are exposed influence managerial roles in strategy process via the social representations these discourses contribute to developing. These roles are simultaneously constructed at the crossroads between strategic discourses and strategic practices. The theoretical model proposed here then leads to an empirical study of managerial roles in strategy process. This study is notably based on the three steps proposed by Clémence et al. (1994) to study social representations. A 79 item questionnaire was constructed and administered to top and middle managers : 1033 complete responses were collected. Some items enable highlighting manager's social representations concerning strategy; others are intended to interpret these social representations in terms of managerial roles. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, four conceptions of managerial role have been emphasized. This typology highlights the influence of strategic discourses, and socio-psychological and socio-demographic variables in the constitution of managerial roles in strategy process
Baruel-Bencherqui, Dominique. "La validation des acquis de l'expérience chez les cadres : une approche par la théorie de l'auto-efficacité." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010012.
Full textXu, Hong. "Généralisation de la théorie des chirps à divers cadres fonctionnels et applications à leur analyse par ondelette." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090001.
Full textWe are concerned with a sort of signal (or function) called “chirp”. Our object is to describe them in terms of mathematics. We build our model for such signals by writing them in two parts: one part plays a role of the amplitude; the other gives the measurement of the oscillations. For the study of the second part, we introduce a notion called «infinitely oscillated”, and many proprieties related to this notion will be shown. This model is based on the works of EL. T Bouyachi, S. JAffard, Y. Meyer. We will generalize their works in two directions: 1. We are going to do our works in the multidimensional spaces. 2. The space of reference adopted in our works is more general. Firstly, a generation for the classical 2-microlocal space will be presented, since it’s helpful to characterize the chirps more precisely. Then we are going to apply the wavelet techniques to the chirps to obtain a characteristic by means of «the Marseille algorithm”. The latter can be used to find the connections between the chirps and the 2-microlocal analysis (all of them are discussed in a general sense). As an application of the theory developed here, we are going to attack the Riemann’s function (in a general form too), we will be able to prove that it has a chirp’s structure on regular points
Mejia, Candide. "Mobilité internationale : attitudes, motivations et profils de personnalité des cadres français expatriés." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0017.
Full textMalozi, René. "Essai sur les cadres juridiques de l'économie mixte au Congo : contribution à l'étude de l'économie mixte en droit congolais." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010319.
Full textThe mixed economy is essentially based on the skates of power. It has brought about the juridical scopes inherent with its own leading ambition: to endow public power with prerogatives liable to balance power of private partners. The study of terms and conditions carried out in this respect in congo brazzaville ains at throwing the necessary light on the content of a notion that takes up too much of the the contemporary political debate though its accurate significance is not clearily defined
Tiote, Lassana. "Problématique de la fidélité des cadres dans un environnement concurrentiel à la lumière de la théorie de l’équité." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0953.
Full textThe intent of this thesis is to understand the influence of equity on the executives’ loyalty, especially those working in the mobile phone industry in Ivory Coast. Relying on literature review, we built a research model and came up with hypotheses.Data collected from 111 salaried managers have been quantitatively analyzed. The principal results exhibit the impact of equity on managers’ loyalty. However, the relationship between those two variables is essentially indirect. These imply that other relevant factors, in this case the satisfaction of the wage-earner, significantly impact the loyalty of the salaried managers. Finally, the relationship between equity and loyalty is strongly moderated by personal parameters, mainly the one related to the age of employees
Martakouche, Naeem. "Les motivations des cadres français pour accepter une affectation internationale : une étude empirique basée sur la théorie d’Ajzen." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30007.
Full textIn the context of international mobility, we aim to explore in this thesis the motivations of the French executives regarding their intentions to accept an international assignment.Our study is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and enabled us to conclude that the intentions to accept international assignment does not depend solely on the attitudes. The perceived behavioral control also contribute to the determination of this intention. The theoretical contribution of our research is to apply the model of TPB on the French executives who have the intention to accept an international assignment. The managerial contribution is to offer the firms some key guidelines to broaden their understanding pertaining to the improvement in their practices of mobility by identifying the motivations of the executives for an international assignment.The methodological contribution is the proposition of scenarios based on country of destination for exhibiting the contribution of three determinants of this intention in terms of attitudes, social norms and perceived control
Desit-Ricard, Isabelle. "Relations entre performances académiques, motivation, sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et buts d’accomplissement : une étude menée auprès d’étudiants de classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles scientifiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3041.
Full textThis research has been carried out among French science students enrolled in CPGE (Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Ecoles). One of its objectives is to study how motivational variables influence academic achievement. Academic self-efficacy, achievement goals or self-determined motivation are reported to play an important part in academic achievement. By relating self-efficacy, goal orientations and motivation, as conceptualized in self-determination theory, to both preceding and subsequent academic achievement, it is possible to further investigate the structural relation between these variables. Therefore, we aim at analysing the mutual influences which exist among them.Psychometric tools, among which an academic self-efficacy scale, were created and validated. Path analysis were performed in order to produce a multivariate model including motivational variables, previous academic performance and subsequent academic achievement. Our results showed that:- self-efficacy is the only motivational variable that directly influences academic achievement; - mastery approach goal, which is influenced by self-efficacy, enhances intrinsic motivation but is negatively related to amotivation;- performance approach goal enhances extrinsic motivation and identified regulated extrinsic motivation is positively related to self-efficacy while externally regulated extrinsic motivation is negatively related to it;- amotivation is negatively related to self-efficacy;- Self-efficacy beliefs are mediators between amotivation and subsequent academic achievement.Future research could build on these findings. Suggestions of applications are provided
Etcheu, Jeannette. "L'efficacite des PME camerounaises par la formation professionnelle des cadres : une approche culturelle." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10035.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to give an account of the importance of the professional training of the managers of the small and medium-size companies (PME) in the explanation of the organisational effectiveness.Research is put in perspective in a context characterized by heterogeneity of the leaders according to their practice of management and their cultural origin. In this particular cultural context, which is Cameroun, the urgency of training, in particular vocational, is notable not only for the company which initiates it but also for the employee who profits from it. The approach by the management of the formation based on the culture and, more precisely the approach of the cultural contingency was mobilized. This one offers, indeed, a frame of reference for better explaining the effectiveness of SME by the training.Studies of 4 cases of SME, supplemented by that of 41 questionnaires at SME, were undertaken. Their results show the existence of the factors not only of a managerial and Community nature, but they reveal also a model with two dimensions of culture, explaining the organisational effectiveness: an individualistic dimension and a dimension collectivist. The first dimension, relating to the Bamileke group, privileges the capacity of the employees to the training and the second dimension, inherent in the Sawa-Pahouin group, appreciates the improvement of competences of the employees.This thesis shows that, more the owner-leader of SME a behaviour collectivist has, more it tends to improve competences of its framework-employees
Golik, Mariela. "La perception du climat organisationnel : une analyse des facteurs de contingence." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010079.
Full textNagels, Marc. "Analyse de l’activité et développement de l’auto-efficacité : Contribution à une théorie agentique de la formation des compétences critiques des cadres et dirigeants de la santé publique." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100050.
Full textThe aim of this research was to measure the contribution of activity analysis to the development of self-efficacy in the workplace. Our population was comprised of public health executives and managers in training at the French School of Public Health. The research question focused on how to articulate the notion of critical competencies, notoriously difficult to acquire, with cognitive theory and the theory of conceptualization in action. These different but complementary theoretical approaches lead to the idea that activity analysis and agency may contribute explicitly to establishing a model of critical competencies training. Three sources of information data have been exploited. The first characterizes critical competencies in the field of public health management. The second results from measures of the level of job-related self efficacy (697 trainees from the EHESP). The third demonstrates how a system of activity analysis pertaining to managerial decision-making contributes to an increase in self efficacy. This result is particularly significant for those trainees with an initially low level of self efficacy. These results indicate that in all cases in which an increase in self efficacy has occurred, irrespective of whether the individuals concerned have benefited or not from established modes of training, activity analysis or self-conducted activity analysis has been the most determining factor in promoting an increase in self efficacy. Thus, this research strengthens the hypothesis that activity analysis and agency represent two major conditions for the formation of critical competencies, i. E. Of effective adaptation of the professional to his work environment
Nagels, Marc. "Analyse de l'activité et développement de l'auto-efficacité. Contribution à une théorie agentique de la formation des compétences critiques des cadres et dirigeants de la santé publique." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00285214.
Full textBalicco, Christian. "Approche des mecanismes de prise de decision dans le choix et l'utilisation des methodes d'evaluation et de selection dans le recrutement des cadres en france." Paris, CNAM, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CNAM0350.
Full textFasshauer, Ingrid. "Les interactions entre contrôle et stratégie : redéfinition du rôle des cadres intermédiaires et du levier interactif de contrôle." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798234.
Full textMao-Wu, Jie. "L'impact des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines et de management des compétences sur la fidélisation des jeunes cadres dans les firmes multinationales en Chine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1071.
Full textIn the context of increasing globalization, multinational companies set up abroad have a real challenge at present and for the near future: how to attract and retain talent in a global competition. This is particularly crucial issue in China, in a context of rapid growth and of talent shortage. The rate of turnover in multinational companies in China is very high. The frequent mobility of young cadres moving between foreign companies is a real managerial threat. The objective of this research is to determine the best HRM practices, and especially, the practices of management skills that improve the loyalty of senior executives of multinational companies. The loyalty is translated by a low intention to depart and a strong organizational implication. Therefore, our research question is: What are the factors that influence on the one hand, the intention to depart of the young talents, and the organizational implication on the other?
Agostoni, Egede Carlo. "Blowing the Whistle : Narratives and Frames of Truth-Telling." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0004.
Full textThis dissertation posits that whistleblowing is factual truth-telling, or truthful public denunciation. In scholarship, media, and in the popular perception of whistleblowing, the truth-claim is often overlooked, and in many occasions hampered by the dominant ways it is framed (e.g. as leak, which is explored among other frames as a problematic conceptual metaphor). Interestingly, the representation of the whistleblower is different in cultural narratives. Through close readings of a selection of cases, the pursuit, importance, and impact of truth will appear as the central theme in the explored plots, but also the moments where truth becomes impotent, due to its coercive nature as factuality - a process that furthermore connects whistleblowing with the idea of the tragic. Put differently, the special literary interest of narratives of whistleblowing is to turn ignorance into knowledge, knowledge into telling, and how the unraveling of truth becomes a reversal of fortune for the truth-teller who enters a particular tragic conflict. As frame, as narrative, and as a modern phenomenon of truthful public denunciation, whistleblowing offers particular moments of truth, often about moments of falsehood, and ultimately seeks to be a moment of impetus: for the public to restore justice, and for readerships and audience of narrative and dramatic configurations to choose or to distance themselves from multiple proposals of justice emplotted - not only ethical justice, but also epistemic, hermeneutical, and testimonial justice. In other words, whistleblowers, by telling the truth, seek to expand the epistemic space in the public sphere and hold people and power accountable
Loup, Pierre. "Influence des Technologies Nomades sur le bien-être au travail : une lecture par la théorie de la conservation des ressources." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD033/document.
Full textAt a time where welfare at work seems to be a priority for managers and organizations, and where mobile technologies allow permanent access to business information, increasing the porosity of borders between private and professional life; this thesis questions the impact of mobile technologies on employees’ psychological health and more specifically about their well-being (effects of nomadic technologies on the border between private and professional life, interpersonal relations, etc.). To explore this issue, we mobilized the Resources Conservation Theory (Hobfoll, 1989), a motivational theory which is based on the variety of resources available to a person in order to maintain, or reach, a situation of well-being and balance. The sales teams of a large French group, which were fitted in 2012 with Mobile Technologies (MT) constitute our field of investigation. The literature review and the results of an exploratory qualitative analysis, conducted using a semi-structured interview, with 34 commercials and managers, lead us to submit a structural model of the influence of mobile technologies on well-being at work, combining organizational, individual, and technological variables. This model was tested via a survey at a national level. From the 850 questionnaires which were sent, 400 usable responses were studied. First, our empirical results lead us to identify five categories of mobile technologies use, both depending on the nature of the technological support and on the performed task. The five obtained variables, became the input variables, through the modeling stage realized by the structural equations method. The test of research hypotheses emphasizes the role of certain resources such as autonomy, the meaning of work, the usefulness of technologies or organizational social support, especially to cope with the invasion of technology into the private sphere and the pressure related to its use. Overall, our results suggest that, despite the changes brought by the arrival of MT, there is no duality regarding the direct or indirect effect of these technologies on the stress level or on the welfare at work. Few interviewees are adamant on purely negative or purely positive impact of mobile technologies about welfare at work. However, a large majority of commercial and interviewed managers considered that the arrival of mobile technologies has "somewhat" favored well-being at work, despite the increased workload and technological invasion that it induced. In the end, MT seem to constitute constrained resources. To conclude this work, the theoretical and managerial contributions are presented as well as future opportunities of research
Cognat, Aurélie Sara. "Dynamique des rôles managériaux dans une administration publique en transformation : du manager idéal au management réparti." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0090/document.
Full textWhen organisational context is evolving, what are the consequences for the role of managers ? Litterature about managerial work considered for a long time that the managerial role was single and steady whatever was its organisational background. Nevertheless, researches in organizational design point that a deep development of organizational configuration impact the company's hierarchy and the managerial role of coordination. How to proceed to change managerial roles ? Which actions can transform managers practices?This thesis adressed this issue on the basis of a several years collaborative research in a public administration. This administration decided to transform managerial roles after a deep change of its environment and its missions. We applied an analytical framework built from a review of managerial identity work litterature. The framework guides us to study the new managerial role and how managers can perform this new role. The study implies a diagnosis of cognitive, strategic and subjective ressources available for managers individually and collectivelly.The case of a procedure of management professionalization, set up in this administration, shows the means used to have managers acquire new competences. This also shows how difficult it is to explicit and to transfer the managerial competences by this type of training. Moreover, managers don't have collectively the required strategic ressources to do what they are supposed to do. Besides, some managers don't have individually the needed subjective ressources. Hence a block of role dynamic could be anticipated.A study of evolutions during severals years allow to show three situations where block are resolved :1. roles are not the same for all managers and some of them have more ressources than others when activity requires a deep role evolution. 2. when ressources are insufficient, some managers tried to acquire new ressources. 3. or, sometimes the organization evolved towards situations of shared management to take charge of the managerial function, which managers can't stand because of a lack of ressources, collectively and/or individually
Le, Bellu Sophie. "Capitalisation des savoir-faire et des gestes professionnels dans le milieu industriel : mise en place d'une aide numérique au compagnonnage métier dans le secteur de l'énergie." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630386.
Full textTorres, Arnaud. "Pilotage de la transmission des compétences et des savoir-faire par le manager de proximité comme facteur de développement et de performances socio-économiques." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30029.
Full textThe transfer of skills and know-how (TS/TKH) in organizations are of strategic importance for their survival and development and therefore require careful and rigorous control to provide any added value preparation.The first explicit conceptual and methodological research foundations and has lots of investigation and experimentation of our assumptions and tools part . It presents the issues related to the transfer of skills and know-how from the analysis of interviews, dysfunctions and their hidden regulatory costs. We study the importance of the definition of a policy of TS / TKH by management and the roles and practices of human resource skills management and transfer.In the second part, we study the key role held by the manager of proximity, its strategic position in the organization and management practices in the management and implementation of the policy of transfer of know -how, as well as in the monitoring and development of individual and collective performance. We also study the socio -economic impacts of actions TS / TKH and control these actions by local managers. Finally, we propose the concept of proximity manager - developer relying on the evolution of management in the twentieth century, the concept of integrated training and the importance of education. We offer management tools to allow local managers to better manage the TS / TKH
Giroux, Marilyn. "Étude du rôle de la rétroaction auditive dans la production et la perception de la prosodie de l'interrogation chez des sourds postlinguistiques implantés." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5002/1/M12499.pdf.
Full textGalarreta-Piquette, Daniel. "Intégration de VerbNet dans un réalisateur profond." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21112.
Full textGrenier, Fanny. "Étude des types de compliments et leurs liens avec l’estime de soi et les processus motivationnels d’enfants de 8 à 12 ans." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24818.
Full textDifferent lines of research have focused on compliments that parents should avoid in order not to jeopardize the development of children’s self-esteem and optimal motivational processes (e.g. Kamins and Dweck, 1999; Kast and Konnor, 1988). However, no study had yet attempted to identify potentially optimal compliments to favor these developments. Through three studies, this exploratory thesis thus aimed at comparing different compliments conceptualized as positive in the literature using a sample of mother-child dyads (N = 65, mean age of the children = 10.20 years). The first study examined the relations between different types of compliments, on one hand, and children's self-esteem and motivational processes on the other, while controlling for demographic variables of children’s sex and age. Given that the different types of compliments were likely to coexist but were never compared in a single study, their relations with the dependent variables were examined while also controlling for their interrelations using multiple regressions. The second study aimed at highlighting the links between children's perception of their mother typical parenting practices and the different types of compliments conceptualized as positive in the literature. To investigate these relations, we relied on questionnaires filled out by two different respondents (children and their mothers). The third study relied on an experimental design to investigate the situational impacts of comparative, result-oriented and descriptive compliments on children's perceived competence (or their situational self-esteem) and motivational processes, with a focus on the potential impacts of three moderators likely to accentuate, or reduce, the effect of the experimental manipulation (i.e. sex, age and children's global self-esteem). The main results show that it is possible to provide a comprehensive portrait of the compliments conceptualized as positive in the literature by distinguishing four types: comparative, result-oriented, process-oriented and descriptive compliments. Two of these compliments, namely result-oriented compliments and process-oriented compliments, seem to be the most used. The thesis also reveals that only descriptive compliments seem positively related to children's self-esteem (global and situational), especially for girls and children reporting lower than average self-esteem. Through the pursuit of these three objectives, this thesis contributes to the advancement of knowledge on compliments, to self-determination theory (SDT) and helps identify intervention avenues that will allow parents to intervene and communicate optimally with their children.