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1
Molloy, Sheilagh. "Early social behaviour in T. b. brucei." Nature Reviews Microbiology 12, no. 12 (November 14, 2014): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3395.
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Smith, D. F. E., and J. W. S. Bradshaw. "Social behaviour and stress in rescued cats." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 31, no. 3-4 (August 1991): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(91)90019-t.
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Nicol, C. J. "The social transmission of information and behaviour." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 44, no. 2-4 (September 1995): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)00607-t.
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Jenner, Sue. "Clinical child psychology—social learning, development and behaviour." Behaviour Research and Therapy 30, no. 4 (July 1992): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(92)90060-t.
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Haider, Syed Zubair, Uzma Munawar, and Shaista Noreen. "PUSH AND PULL FACTORS OF NEGATIVE SOCIAL BEHAVIOURS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS." SEPTEMBER 37, no. 03 (September 20, 2021): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51380/gujr-37-03-06.
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Education is considered critical for both showing positive behaviour and regulating negative social behaviour and affecting the social attitudes by improving one's ability to perceive others. Hence, this research examined the push and pull factors of Negative Social Behaviour among secondary school students. In this research, we collect data over two self-developed questionnaires. Thus, total 500 students (252 female, 248 male) and 120 teachers (60 male, 60 female) from 04 districts of Punjab were selected conveniently. The EFA revealed 06 dimensions possibly be extracted from two questionnaires designed for the students and teachers separately. Multilevel analyses mean SD, Pearson correlation, and independent-sample t-test were performed. Findings reveal that parents’ conflicts, peer’ bullying, teachers’ insulting behaviours and students’ sarcastic attitude are the major push factors that cause de-motivation and promote NSB among students. These factors severely influence students’ personality, and as a result, students lost study interest, behave roughly and violate the institutions’ rules.
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Wolter, Riccarda, Volker Stefanski, and Konstanze Krueger. "Parameters for the Analysis of Social Bonds in Horses." Animals 8, no. 11 (October 27, 2018): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani8110191.
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Social bond analysis is of major importance for the evaluation of social relationships in group housed horses. However, in equine behaviour literature, studies on social bond analysis are inconsistent. Mutual grooming (horses standing side by side and gently nipping, nuzzling, or rubbing each other), affiliative approaches (horses approaching each other and staying within one body length), and measurements of spatial proximity (horses standing with body contact or within two horse-lengths) are commonly used. In the present study, we assessed which of the three parameters is most suitable for social bond analysis in horses, and whether social bonds are affected by individual and group factors. We observed social behaviour and spatial proximity in 145 feral horses, five groups of Przewalski’s horses (N = 36), and six groups of feral horses (N = 109) for 15 h per group, on three days within one week. We found grooming, friendly approaches, and spatial proximity to be robust parameters, as their correlation was affected only by the animals’ sex (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.001, t = −2.7, p = 0.008) and the group size (GLMM: N = 145, SE < 0.001, t = 4.255, p < 0.001), but not by the horse breed, the aggression ratio, the social rank, the group, the group composition, and the individuals themselves. Our results show a trend for a correspondence between all three parameters (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.004, t = 1.95, p = 0.053), a strong correspondence between mutual grooming and friendly approaches (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.021, t = 3.922, p < 0.001), and a weak correspondence between mutual grooming and spatial proximity (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.04, t = 1.15, p = 0.25). We therefore suggest either using a combination of the proactive behaviour counts mutual grooming and friendly approaches, or using measurements of close spatial proximity, for the analysis of social bonds in horses within a limited time frame.
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Yıldırım Usta, Yasemin, Yurdanur Dikmen, Songül Yorgun, and İkbal Berdo. "Predictors of foot care behaviours in patients with diabetes in Turkey." PeerJ 7 (February 8, 2019): e6416. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6416.
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Background The management of diabetic foot complications is challenging, time-consuming and costly. Such complications frequently recur, and the feet of individuals with diabetes can be easily infected. The variables that predict foot care behaviours must be identified to improve foot care attitudes and behaviours. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the predictors of foot care behaviours in individuals with diabetes and the role of these variables. Methods This descriptive and analytic study was carried out between July 2015 and July 2016, and 368 outpatients with diabetes from a public hospital in Turkey were included. The participants had no communication, psychiatric or neurological problems and had been diagnosed with diabetes for at least 1 year. Foot care behaviour was the dependent variable and was evaluated with the foot care behaviour questionnaire. The relationship among foot care behaviours and sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes-related attitudes, disease perception, health beliefs and perceived social support was evaluated. Factors that independently predicted effective foot care behaviours were estimated via a linear regression analysis. Results The foot care behaviour score of the participants was above average (54.8 ± 5.0). Gender (t = −2.38, p = 0.018), history of a foot wound (t = −2.74, p = 0.006), nephropathy (t = 3.13, p = 0.002), duration subscale of the illness perception scores (t = 2.26, p = 0.024) and personal control subscale of the health belief scores (t = −2.07, p = 0.038) were significant predictors of foot care behaviours. These variables, which provided model compatibility, accounted for approximately 22.0% of the total variance of the foot care behaviour score (R = 0.47, R2 = 0.22, F = 5.48, p ≤ 0.001). Discussion Our results show factors that may affect diabetic foot care behaviours. Several of these factors prevent individuals from practising these behaviours. Further studies on the roles of barriers as predictors of foot care behaviours must be conducted.
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Zhao, Xin, and Catherine A. Marler. "Pair bonding prevents reinforcing effects of testosterone in male California mice in an unfamiliar environment." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1788 (August 7, 2014): 20140985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0985.
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Testosterone (T) can be released by stimuli such as social interactions, and thereby influence future social behaviours. Because the reinforcing effects of T can induce preferences for specific environmental locations, T has the potential to alter behaviour through space use. In a monogamous species, this T pulse may contribute differently to space use in sexually naive (SN) and pair-bonded (PB) males: SN males may be more likely to explore new areas to set up a territory than PB males, which are more likely to defend an existing, established territory. In this study, we test for variation in T-driven space use by examining variation in the formation of conditioned place preferences (CPPs) in SN and PB male California mice. In the three-chambered CPP apparatus, subcutaneous administrations of physiological levels of T were used to repeatedly condition SN and PB males to a side chamber, which is an unfamiliar/neutral environment. The final tests revealed that T-induced CPPs in the side chamber are developed in SN, but not PB males. This study fills a gap in our knowledge about plasticity in the rewarding nature of T pulses, based on past social experience.
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Zanfrini, Laura. "Editoriale." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 125 (March 2012): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2012-125001.
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Persistent stereotypes and myths of ageing in societies and cultures influence the attitudes and behaviours of leaders and colleagues in social and professional contexts. The aim of this article is to analyse the leader's perception of their own ageing and of the ageing of their employees as well as the attitudes and behaviour of leaders towards individualised, age-related leadership. This research draws on Weber's social closure theory and Luhmann's inclusion/ exclusion theory to explain age discrimination as a cultural process and to understand t he i nfluence o f s tatus a nd p ower o n i nteractive l eadership behaviour towards older employees. The article presents the concept of individualised, age-related leadership and an empirical analysis of the four social dimensions associated with this concept, aiming at a better understanding of age perceptions and images of leaders, and of their leadership attitudes and behaviours towards older and ageing employees.
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Kotarska, Katarzyna, Malgorzata Paczynska-Jedrycka, Katarzyna Sygit, Marian Sygit, and Maria Alicja Nowak. "THE INTENSITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIOUR OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF SELECTED MAJORS." Acta kinesiologica, N1 2021 (2021): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.11.
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The health of a society is conditioned by healthy lifestyle choices. A significant role in shaping health-related behaviour is played by university students, who should be leaders in the scope of health in the future. Our aim was to determine the intensity of physical activities and their relation with the intensity of health-related behaviours of university students of selected majors. Our research covered 372 students of physical education (292) and social sciences (108) from Poznań and Szczecin. We applied Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (MLTPAQ) and Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI). The relations between the level of physical activity (PA) and the health behaviour of the students were determined by intra-group correlations (r). The value of p<0.05 was adopted as statistically significant. Physical education (PE) and public health (PH) students showed higher levels of PA and health behaviour as compared to the students of social sciences (SS). The total activity metabolic index (AMI) indicated a lower level of PA among women, regardless of major. PA [4; 6) MET of tourism and recreation (T&R) students was highly and positively correlated with preventive behaviours (PB) (r=0.69). PA <4 MET of female T&R students and male PE students positively correlated with correct eating habits (CEH). We found negative correlations between PA ≥6 MET of female PE students and male PH students [4-6) and ≥6 MET and health practices (HP), as well as PA [4-6 MET) of male PE students and positive mental attitude (PMA). Positive and negative correlations between free-time physical activity and health-related behaviours indicate the need for regular physical and health education of students. Physical activity, correct eating habits and preventive behaviour of students will increase their chances of promoting a healthy lifestyle in society.
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Anzulewicz, Ashley, Kate Fenner, Michelle Hyde, Susan Heald, Bibiana Burattini, Nicole Romness, Jessica McKenzie, Bethany Wilson, and Paul McGreevy. "The Impact of the Sex of Handlers and Riders on the Reported Social Confidence, Compliance and Touch Sensitivity of Horses in Their Care." Animals 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11010130.
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Current evidence of how human sex-related differences in riders and handlers may influence horse behaviour is limited. The Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ) was used to collect demographic data on riders and handlers (n = 1420) and behavioural data on their horses. It includes demographic items about the sex of the respondent and how frequently the horse has been ridden or handled by male and female humans. The questionnaire then gathers observations on the horse’s behaviour on the ground and under saddle or when driven. Using E-BARQ’s battery of 97 questions, the current study showed differences in ridden and non-ridden horse behaviour that were related to the sex of the rider or handler. Data were evaluated using multivariate analysis and revealed that horses handled by male humans were significantly more difficult to catch (t-value = −3.11; p = 0.002) and significantly more defensive when approached (t-value = −2.104; p = 0.035), but significantly less likely to pull on the reins/brace the neck or toss their head (t-value 1.980; p = 0.048) than horses handled more frequently by female humans. The differences found between male and female horse handlers suggest that sex is an important factor to consider when understanding equine behaviour. Our study explored reported differences in confidence, handling and working compliance and touch sensitivity among horses ridden and handled by male and female humans and suggested further research into how these differences are gendered.
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Anzulewicz, Ashley, Kate Fenner, Michelle Hyde, Susan Heald, Bibiana Burattini, Nicole Romness, Jessica McKenzie, Bethany Wilson, and Paul McGreevy. "The Impact of the Sex of Handlers and Riders on the Reported Social Confidence, Compliance and Touch Sensitivity of Horses in Their Care." Animals 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11010130.
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Current evidence of how human sex-related differences in riders and handlers may influence horse behaviour is limited. The Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ) was used to collect demographic data on riders and handlers (n = 1420) and behavioural data on their horses. It includes demographic items about the sex of the respondent and how frequently the horse has been ridden or handled by male and female humans. The questionnaire then gathers observations on the horse’s behaviour on the ground and under saddle or when driven. Using E-BARQ’s battery of 97 questions, the current study showed differences in ridden and non-ridden horse behaviour that were related to the sex of the rider or handler. Data were evaluated using multivariate analysis and revealed that horses handled by male humans were significantly more difficult to catch (t-value = −3.11; p = 0.002) and significantly more defensive when approached (t-value = −2.104; p = 0.035), but significantly less likely to pull on the reins/brace the neck or toss their head (t-value 1.980; p = 0.048) than horses handled more frequently by female humans. The differences found between male and female horse handlers suggest that sex is an important factor to consider when understanding equine behaviour. Our study explored reported differences in confidence, handling and working compliance and touch sensitivity among horses ridden and handled by male and female humans and suggested further research into how these differences are gendered.
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Hughes, B. O., G. S. Hughes, D. Waddington, and M. C. Appleby. "Behavioural comparison of transgenic and control sheep: movement order, behaviour on pasture and in covered pens." Animal Science 63, no. 1 (August 1996): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800028320.
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AbstractBecause of the evidence that growth hormone gene transfer in pigs and mice can result in widespread pathological changes and more general concerns that transgenesis techniques themselves may have deleterious effects, a study was undertaken to compare the behaviour of two populations of immature female sheep, one of transgenic and one of control animals. The gene transferred was that for human alpha-1 antitrypsin factor. In the first part of the study the behaviour of 25 transgenic (T) and 25 control (C) sheep was compared in three separate situations: competition for a limited quantity of supplementary concentrate, six categories of normal behaviour on pasture and movement order when driven through a crush. With two minor exceptions (idling and ‘other’ behaviour in focally sampled animals), none of the differences observed between the two populations was significant and in most cases the mean values observed for T and C sheep were very similar. In the second part 25 T and 25 C sheep (different individuals from those in part 1) were compared in straw-littered covered pens for both normal behaviour and competition for a complete diet provided in a trough. The only significant differences in the seven categories of normal behaviour were a lower incidence of idling and ‘other’ behaviour in T sheep. There was a difference between T and C sheep in their social interaction under very competitive conditions (the T sheep reached food less quickly). The behavioural differences found in this study were all slight. Overall, the findings suggest that the gene transferred had no detectable deleterious effects on the normal behaviour of immature animals.
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Alshiban, Afra S. "Applying Labelling Theory to Selected Short Stories by James T. Farrell." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 9, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.5p.143.
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For decades, “societal reaction theory” or “labelling theory” has provided the most significant explanation for deviant behaviour, particularly in the case of juveniles. The theory argues that once a stigma is attached to an individual, an irreversible process occurs whereby the labelled individual begins to identify as deviant and to embark on a deviant career. Hence, rather than deter bad behaviour, stigmatisation and shaming serve only to amplify it. Although the labelling perspective is rooted in sociology, we find proponents of some version of labelling theory in other disciplines, even in literature. The present study posits that in the short stories of Irish-American writer James Thomas Farrell entitled “Big Jeff,” “The Fastest Runner on Sixty-First Street,” “Young Convicts,” and “The Scarecrow,” labelling processes emerge as essential elements in a comprehensive understanding of each story. All four stories are the least critically acknowledged works by the author even though they demonstrate the author’s remarkable talent for illuminating the social and psychological factors associated with deviant behaviour among juveniles.
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COX, D. M., and C. V. HOLLAND. "The relationship between numbers of larvae recovered from the brain of Toxocara canis-infected mice and social behaviour and anxiety in the host." Parasitology 116, no. 6 (June 1998): 579–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182098002649.
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The effect of the nematode Toxocara canis on social behaviour and anxiety levels of adult male outbred (LACA) mice was examined following infection with a single dose of 2000 ova. The actual number of larvae recovered from the brain of each individual mouse was determined after behavioural testing. The effect of the parasite on mouse behaviour was analysed by both the initial dose administered (i.e. infected versus control) and the degree of infection in the brain. There was substantial variation in the number of larvae recovered from the brains of the individual mice and the magnitude of behavioural change was associated with the level of infection. Examination of social behaviour for both analyses revealed that the infection reduced levels of aggressive behaviour and increased levels of flight and defensive behaviours. High infection in the brain induced the greatest degree of behavioural change which decreased in mice with lower infections. In contrast the analysis of anxiety levels in mice by initial dose administered revealed no difference between infected and control mice. Mice with low infection in the brain, however, displayed a greater level of risk behaviour by spending more time in the vicinity of a predator odour and in the light area of a light/dark paradigm than control or high infection mice. The results suggest that the behaviour of mice infected with T. canis is influenced by the number of larvae accumulated in the brain. This may have important consequences for the conclusions drawn on the effect of this parasite on murine behaviour.
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Permadi, Benny Angga. "Pengaruh Kecintaan Siswa Pada Al-Qur’an Terhadap Perilaku Sosial di Sekolah Dasar Al Islam Plus Kabupaten Sidoarjo." Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 4, no. 1 (May 22, 2021): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54069/attadrib.v4i1.128.
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Students nowadays are reluctant to go to the mosque to learn Quran. Their characters are influenced by technology such as television, the internet, and video game which then make parents and teachers worried and anxious if they will act negatively. This thesis uses research design of mixed-method with the objective to complete the image of research result about the phenomenon and to strengthen the analysis. The research strategy is done by combining the data from observation, interviews, and questionnaires in order to get qualitative and quantitative data. The data analysis is continuous qualitative-quantitative analysis, it is done by analyzing qualitative data and followed by analyzing the data through quantitative one. The hypothesis testing is done by using simple linear regression analysis with SPSS 18 program.
The result of qualitative data is the students’ affection on Quran in Islamic Elementary School through Quran memorizing a program. Students’ social behavior is positive, whether toward friends and teachers in school. The result of quantitative data shows that students affection on Quran is 44% categorized as high, 40% as fair, and 16% as low. Students’ social behaviour shows that 74% as high, 10% as fair and 16% as low. The hypothesis testing uses t-test and the result of tcount is 6.356 with the significance of 0.026. The tcount ? ttable (6.356 ? 2.010) or sig. t ? 5% (0.026 ? 0.05), it can be concluded that the variable of students’ affection on Quran has significant influence toward the variable of students’ social behaviour. The students’ social behavior is influenced by 55% of a variable of students’ affection on Quran while 45% is influenced by other variables outside this research
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Malla, Ashok K. "Characteristics of Patients who Receive Electroconvulsive Therapy." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 8 (November 1988): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378803300804.
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Case records of all non-forensic psychiatric admissions (n = 5,729), over a three year period, to all the inpatient psychiatric facilities, within one geographic area were studied on a number of demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics. Patients who had received E. C. T. were compared with those who did not receive this treatment. The results showed that a high proportion (21%) had received E. C. T. In comparison with patients not receiving E. C. T., E. C. T. recipients were significantly older, more often female, had greater number of previous admissions, greater incidence of violent behaviour, and longer stays in hospital. E. C. T. patients did not differ from others on social class, education, and marital status, nor was E. C. T. prescribed more often to patients who had demonstrated suicidal behaviour, even if they had a diagnosis of depression. E. C. T. and non E. C. T. patients received an equal number of psychotropic drugs.
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Hick, Kristina, Adam R. Reddon, Constance M. O’Connor, and Sigal Balshine. "Strategic and tactical fighting decisions in cichlid fishes with divergent social systems." Behaviour 151, no. 1 (2014): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003122.
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The costs and benefits of engaging in a contest will differ depending on the social situation of the individuals involved. Therefore, understanding contest behaviour can help to elucidate the trade-offs of living in differing social systems and shed light on the evolution of social behaviour. In the current study, we compared contest behaviour in two closely related species of Lamprologine cichlid fish. Neolamprologus pulcher and Telmatochromis temporalis are both pair-breeding cichlids, but N. pulcher are highly social, group-living fish, while T. temporalis display no grouping behaviour. To examine how competition varies by species, sex and familiarity, we staged same-sex conspecific contests over a shelter, a resource that is highly valued by both species, where contestants were either familiar or unfamiliar to one another. When we examined tactical and strategic components of these contests, we found that the highly social species had shorter contests and engaged in fewer costly aggressive acts than did the non-social species. Individuals of the highly social species were also more likely to resolve conflicts through the use of submissive displays, while individuals of the non-social species were more likely to flee from conflict. Familiarity increased the use of submissive displays in the highly social species but not in the less social species. Our findings suggest that conflict resolution behaviour and dominance hierarchy formation are fundamentally linked to the evolution of complex social systems.
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OJO,, Solomon Yinde, Rafiu Akanji BANKOLE, and Toluwalope ADEBOLA. "ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND TRUST IN MANAGER AS PREDICTORS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AMONG BANK EMPLOYEES." LASU Journal of Employment Relations & Human Resource Management 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 248–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/ljerhrm/0202.02.0171.
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This study investigated the influence of perceived organizational justice, organizational commitment and trust in manager as predictors of organizational citizenship behaviour among bank employees. Essentially, the issue of organizational justice, trust in managers and organizational commitment are subjects of interest in organizational behaviour and human resource management and as such this could be investigated in the banking industry in order to assess how they influence organizational citizenship behaviour. The study was a survey which employed Ex-Post Factor design. The design was found appropriate because the variables of interest were already in existence in the study area. Data was collected from 186 respondents. Using a structured questionnaire collected data were analysed using the inferential and descriptive statistics of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The result revealed that perceived organizational justice was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour [r(184)=.51** P<.01]; organizational commitment was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour among bank employees [r(184)=.48**, P<.01]; trust in managers was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour among bank employees [t(184)=.36**, P<.0.1]; perceived interactional justice was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour (t184=6.37<.05]; perceived procedural justice was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour {t(184)=.30**, P<.01]; perceived distributive justice was significantly and positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour among bank employees {r(184)=.43**, P<.01). Finally, the findings revealed that the predictor variables (perceived organizational justice, organizational commitment and trust in manager) showed significantly independent and joint prediction of organizational citizenship behavior among bank employees {F=78.74, P<.05, R2=.56.12}. It was concluded that organizational justice, trust in manager and organizational commitment significantly were significantly related to organizational citizenship behaviour among bank employees respectively and jointly. It was therefore recommended that organizational citizenship behavior should be more encouraged in the banking industry and other allied industries.
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Berdoy, M., J. P. Webster, and D. W. Macdonald. "Parasite-altered behaviour: is the effect of Toxoplasma gondii on Rattus norvegicus specific?" Parasitology 111, no. 4 (November 1995): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000065902.
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SUMMARYThe effect of Toxoplasma gondii on rat behaviour was assessed in a colony of 36 free-ranging wild/laboratory hybrid rats allowed to compete freely for food and mates in a (100 m2) outdoor naturalistic enclosure. T. gondii infection had no effect on social status or mating success, both the product of costly and competitive activities. However, the propensity to explore novel stimuli in their environment was higher in infected than uninfected individuals. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that T. gondii only affects the behavioural traits which selectively benefit the parasite, rather than causing a general alteration of rat behaviour.
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Ragusa, Angela T., and Andrea Crampton. "(In)Conveniently Disposable: Waste Concern doesn‟t Affect Plastic Consumption." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 12, no. 8 (2021): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2021.12.8.1347.
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Mixed-methods analysis of >400 online social surveys conducted at an Australian organisation is presented to identify individuals most likely to consider the environmental impact of packaging when making purchase decisions, including bottled water, and/or take their own shopping bags/coffee cups to minimise plastic consumption. Findings are compared for two social groups, the minority (33%) who articulated ‘waste’ as a personal environmental concern, and the majority. With high disposable coffee cup consumption existing alongside ‘most’ product-choices based on their pro-environmental packaging, findings further green ‘attitude/behaviour’ gap explorations. Given legislated plastic reduction initiatives yielded greatest individual behavioural change (bringing/reusing grocery bags) regardless of respondents’ waste-production concern, continued promotion of consumer preference-based, non-punitive incentives promoted in research literature may come at high ecological cost.
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Cutler, M. G. "Effects of chronic treatment with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, BRL 43694, on the social behaviour of mongolian gerbils." European Journal of Pharmacology 183, no. 5 (July 1990): 1947–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(90)92295-t.
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Nurjan, Syarifan, Heru Kurnianto Tjahjono, and Muhammad Nurul Yamin. "META-ANALYSIS ON ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR DELINQUENCY." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7235.
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Purpose of the study: Purpose of the study to meta-analysis on trends of adolescent delinquency behavior. This analysis was taken to obtain hypothesis and map analysis of theories trends of adolescent delinquency behavior as the foundation of the theory of research on the tendency of adolescent delinquency behavior in Islamic Education Institution of Ponorogo Regency.
Methodology: The research methods are: a) library research, b) inclusion criteria are: first, the primary study of the behavior of juvenile delinquents, second, research reports that require statistical information, third, research gaps and maps from various journals totaling 89, 3) data analysis to change the F value to t, d and r, sampling error and measurement error correction.
Main Findings: The primary studies there is a positive relationship between social cohesion and behaviour delinquency, errors in sampling of 3.634% and error in the measurement of 0.22%.The results of empirical research that the tendency of adolescent delinquency is influenced by the parental environment and no empirical research support is influenced by the religious environment of Pesantren, religious friendship, and psychosocial control.
Applications of this study: This research can be useful for adolescents who develop in Pesantren through religious environments, religious friendships, and psychosocial control. This research in Ponorogo District, East Java, Indonesia which consisted of 88 Pesantren (in the form of Salafy, ‘Ashry and combinations) from 161 high schools. This meta-analysis is to find out empirical and not empirical research to develop research theory.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Social bonding is reflected in the psychology of adolescent development, as important element for understanding and constructing theories about adolescent delinquency behaviour. Social cohesion, social control and psychosocial control assumes that the behaviour tendencies delinquency adolescents is influenced by internal and environmental factors such as religiosity boarding school, religiosity family, and religiosity friendship.
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Wicaksono, Bima Setyo, Jubaedah Jubaedah, and Siti Hidayati. "Understanding Investment Behavior Intention to Adopt Online Mutual Funds Based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 10 (November 2, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i10.2054.
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This research build up a calculatede model that consolidates unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), perceived risk and perceived return with age and gender as moderating effect to explain investors behaviour intention and usage behaviour of mutual funds investor in Indonesia. The sample was conducted by stratified random sampling method. Collecting data was conducted by a questionnaire and distributed online using typeform to Indonesian online mutual funds investors as much 396 questionnaires. The statistical used was SPSS, PLS-SEM and PLS-MGA, with hypotheses testing of statistic t-tests and p-value. The consequence of this examination indicatated that the connections of UTAUT, such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and also the role of perceived return as a stronger predictor of investment behavior intention. This UTAUT extention model was then tested using the original data and found to out perform the investment behaviour intention with determinant value of 74 percent and this research also found that the investor behaviour intention didn’t significantly affect the actual investor usage behaviour.
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Alić, Amel, Haris Cerić, and Sedin Habibović. "Students' Cultural Background as a Determinant of Various Categories of Social Behaviour." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 11, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v11i2.p267-282.
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The aim of this research was to assess in which way the cultural background of students should be taken into account working with students as well as the adjustments of school activities by the school management, and what differences are possible to be noticed in regard to their cultural background. The empiric part of the research covered the sample of students of United World College in Mostar, comprising of 124 examinees coming from total of 47 different countries, but wider part of the research covered and comparisons with 67 students of Gymnasia Mostar, in total, the sample consisting of 191 examinees. In this piece of work, only the results considering the characteristics of students of United World College Mostar. Employing of Hofstede's operationalization’s of national cultures, the students have been, in respect to culture they come from, grouped according to established dimensions: Individualism – Collectivism, Power Distance index, Uncertainty Avoidance index and Masculinity vs. Femininity. Within separate dimensions the comparisons have been carried out regarding to the level of expressed social distance toward the others, level of empathy, intercultural sensibility, locus of control and the assertion of parental control and emotionality dimension. Using t-test, and descriptive statistics, differences between the students have been stated regarding to considered criteria variables, while Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for variable being in linear relation.
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Subramaniam, Muthaloo. "THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON INDIVIDUAL TAX COMPLIANCE." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (April 26, 2019): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i3.823.
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Tax revenue is one of important government’s sources of revenue and the taxation system vary across countries. Malaysia went through the paradigm shift by employing the self-assessment system (SAS) on 2001 where responsibility of calculating taxes had shifted successfully from the Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM) to taxpayers. Since then, the voluntary tax compliance through SAS in Malaysia has been paying a greater role in meeting the statutory tax obligations and collection, effectively and efficiently. The study is aimed to examine the ethical, moral, religious and cultural background considerations on individual voluntary tax compliance in Malaysia by engaging quantitative research approach by utilising 200 valid questionnaire from respondents who are the individual taxpayer in Malaysia. Multiple regression analysis conducted to identify the effect of ethicality, morality, religiosity and cultural background on the individual voluntary tax compliance in Malaysia. Findings shows that all the variables have significant positive relationship, however the multiple regression analysis proven that ethicality and religiosity have strong significant effect on the individual tax compliance behaviour and on the other hand, morality and cultural background doesn’t have significant effect on individual tax compliance behaviour.
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Ha, Hong-Youl, Joby John, J. Denise John, and Yong-Kyun Chung. "Temporal effects of information from social networks on online behavior." Internet Research 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 213–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-03-2014-0084.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the temporal effects of perceptions of information obtained from social networks (SNS) on online shopping behavior using trust as a mediator. The model adopts the two dimensional view of trust: cognitive and affective trust. The direct effects and indirect effects of information perceptions on behavioral intentions are empirically explored using a longitudinal approach. Specifically, we investigate the comparative roles of cognitive and affective trust on the influence of perceptions of information from SNS on online shopping behavior. Design/methodology/approach – The study was fielded at two points in time (T and T+1) that were approximately 14 months apart. The survey (T) was distributed via e-mail to 1,484 prospects. From this mailing, 297 prospects who had not replied and another 145 with missing data were removed, leaving 1,042 respondents. In all, 14 months later, the survey (T+1) was e-mailed to these 1,042 respondents who took part in the survey at time point T. At time point T+1, only 341 respondents from the original sample responded. After excluding those with missing values, the final sample included 313 respondents. Findings – The results show significant carryover effects from time T to time T+1 in perceptions of information obtained from a social network, in behavioral intentions and in both dimensions of trust. Furthermore, the study revealed that over time, the influence of affective trust is greater than that of cognitive trust, both in its effect on behavioral intentions as well as in its mediating role between information perceptions and behavioral intentions. Originality/value – The study contributes to the literature on the mediating roles of cognitive and affective trust in the development of behavioral intentions on over time in the social network environment.
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Evans-Lacko, Sara, Estelle Malcolm, Keon West, Diana Rose, Jillian London, Nicolas Rüsch, Kirsty Little, Claire Henderson, and Graham Thornicroft. "Influence of Time to Change's social marketing interventions on stigma in England 2009-2011." British Journal of Psychiatry 202, s55 (April 2013): s77—s88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126672.
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BackgroundEngland's Time To Change (TTC) social marketing campaign emphasised social contact between people with and without mental health problems to reduce stigma and discrimination.AimsWe aimed to assess the effectiveness of the mass media component and also that of the mass social contact events.MethodOnline interviews were performed before and after each burst of mass media social marketing to evaluate changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviour and associations between campaign awareness and outcomes. Participants at social contact events were asked about the occurrence and quality of contact, attitudes, readiness to discuss mental health and intended behaviour towards people with mental health problems.ResultsPrompted campaign awareness was 38-64%. A longitudinal improvement was noted for one intended behaviour item but not for knowledge or attitudes. Campaign awareness was positively associated with greater knowledge (β = 0.80, 95% CI 0.52-1.08) and more favourable attitudes (commonality OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.10-1.70; dangerousness OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.22-1.63) and intended behaviour (β = 0.75, 95% CI 0.53-0.96). Social contact at events demonstrated a positive impact (M=2.68) v. no contact (M = 2.42) on perceived attitude change; t(211)= 3.30, P=0.001. Contact quality predicted more positive attitude change (r=0.33, P<0.01) and greater confidence to challenge stigma (r=0.38, P<0.01).ConclusionsThe favourable short-term consequences of the social marketing campaign suggest that social contact can be used by anti-stigma programmes to reduce stigma.
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Chaverri, Gloriana, and Erin H. Gillam. "Repeatability in the contact calling system of Spix's disc-winged bat ( Thyroptera tricolor )." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 1 (January 2015): 140197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140197.
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Spix's disc-winged bat ( Thyroptera tricolor ) forms cohesive groups despite using an extremely ephemeral roost, partly due to the use of two acoustic signals that help individuals locate roost sites and group members. While the calls that aid in group cohesion are commonly used, some bats rarely or never produce them. Here, we examine whether the differences observed in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor are repeatable; that is, whether individual differences are consistent. We recorded contact calls of individuals in the field and rates and patterns of vocalization. To determine whether measured variables were consistent within individuals, we estimated repeatability ( R ), which compares within-individual to among-individual variance in behavioural traits. Our results show that repeatability for call variables was moderate but significant, and that repeatability was highest for the average number of calls produced ( R =0.46–0.49). Our results demonstrate important individual differences in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor ; we discuss how these could be the result of mechanisms such as frequency-dependent selection that favour groups composed of individuals with diverse vocal strategies. Future work should address whether changes in social environment, specifically group membership and social status, affect vocal behaviour.
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Putra, Ary Antony, Ida Windi Wahyuni, Alucyana, and Ajriya. "Pengaruh Penggunaan Handphone Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar." Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan 18, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/al-hikmah:jaip.2021.vol18(1).6531.
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The problem in this study is the misuse of cell phones by elementary school students, resulting in deviant student behaviour. Some cases found in the community are students' emotional uncontrolled, easily angry, indifferent, and selfish. The type of this research is quantitative research. The research sample was 180 students. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires and documentation. At the same time, the data analysis of this research uses descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. The results of this study show that there is no significant effect in the use of cellphone on the social behaviour of student at SDN 011 Simalinyang Kampar Kiri Tengah District Kampar Regency, which the following information; The value of t-test < t-tabel namely 1.933 < 2 means that Ha is rejected and Ho is accepted. The variable use of the mobile phone has a significance level of 0.057 > 0.005. The meaning is insignificant, with Ha rejected, and Ho accepted. So the conclusion is that there is no significant influence between the use of cellphones on the social behaviour of students at SDN 011 Simalinyang, Kampar Kiri Tengah District, Kampar Regency.
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Schulz, Kalynn M., Julia L. Zehr, Kaliris Y. Salas-Ramirez, and Cheryl L. Sisk. "Testosterone Programs Adult Social Behavior before and during, But Not after, Adolescence." Endocrinology 150, no. 8 (May 7, 2009): 3690–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-1708.
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Whereas the adolescent brain is a major target for gonadal hormones, our understanding of hormonal influences on adolescent neural and behavioral development remains limited. These experiments investigated how variations in the timing of testosterone (T) exposure, relative to adolescence, alters the strength of steroid-sensitive neural circuits underlying social behavior in male Syrian hamsters. Experiment 1 simulated early, on-time, and late pubertal development by gonadectomizing males on postnatal d 10 and treating with SILASTIC brand T implants for 19 d before, during, or after adolescence. T treatment before or during, but not after, adolescence facilitated mating behavior in adulthood. In addition, preadolescent T treatments most effectively increased mating behavior overall, indicating that the timing of exposure to pubertal hormones contributes to individual differences in adult behavior. Experiment 2 examined the effects of preadolescent T treatment on behavior and brain regional volumes within the mating neural circuit of juvenile males (i.e. still preadolescent). Although preadolescent T treatment did not induce reproductive behavior in juvenile males, it did increase volumes of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, sexually dimorphic nucleus, posterodorsal medial amygdala, and posteroventral medial amygdala to adult-typical size. In contrast, juvenile anterodorsal medial amygdala and ventromedial hypothalamus volumes were not changed by preadolescent T treatment yet differed significantly in volume from adult controls, suggesting that further maturation of these brain regions during adolescence is required for the expression of male reproductive behavior. Thus, adolescent maturation of social behavior may involve both steroid-independent and -dependent processes, and adolescence marks the end of a postnatal period of sensitivity to steroid-dependent organization of the brain.
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Zafeiroudi, Aglaia, Mathildi Pipinia, Georgia Yfantidou, and Sotiriοs Georgomanos. "The Effects of Yoga Practice on Practitioners' Environmental Behaviours & Sustainability." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v10i3.18887.
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Yoga philosophy includes ethical codes of conduct, guidelines, meditation and other practices that respect the Earth, its natural resources, humans and other living beings. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of yoga practice on practitioners' environmental behaviours and sustainability. A total of 195 adults (66 men and 129 women) from two cities in Greece participated in this study. The participants completed the General Environmental Responsible Behaviour scale (Zafeiroudi & Hatzigeorgiadis, 2013) and provided additional information about their personal lifestyles, leisure activity preferences and frequency of participation in outdoor activities. Independent sample T-test analysis was used to investigate differences between practitioners' demographics and the General Environmental Responsible Behaviour scale as the dependent variable. The results indicated statistically significant differences in environmental behaviour scores among practitioners in different yoga demographics. On the basis of yoga philosophy, the study findings suggested that participation in yoga practices strengthens beliefs, behaviours and awareness regarding the environment. The individual values taught by the philosophy of yoga also foster friendlier attitudes and behaviours towards the environment. Moreover, the findings indicated that yoga practice might be an effective supplement and tool to promote green sustainable programs currently run by environmental and social organizations.
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Zafeiroudi, Aglaia, Mathildi Pipinia, Georgia Yfantidou, and Sotiriοs Georgomanos. "The Effects of Yoga Practice on Practitioners' Environmental Behaviours & Sustainability." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v10i3.18894.
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Yoga philosophy includes ethical codes of conduct, guidelines, meditation and other practices that respect the Earth, its natural resources, humans and other living beings. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of yoga practice on practitioners' environmental behaviours and sustainability. A total of 195 adults (66 men and 129 women) from two cities in Greece participated in this study. The participants completed the General Environmental Responsible Behaviour scale (Zafeiroudi & Hatzigeorgiadis, 2013) and provided additional information about their personal lifestyles, leisure activity preferences and frequency of participation in outdoor activities. Independent sample T-test analysis was used to investigate differences between practitioners' demographics and the General Environmental Responsible Behaviour scale as the dependent variable. The results indicated statistically significant differences in environmental behaviour scores among practitioners in different yoga demographics. On the basis of yoga philosophy, the study findings suggested that participation in yoga practices strengthens beliefs, behaviours and awareness regarding the environment. The individual values taught by the philosophy of yoga also foster friendlier attitudes and behaviours towards the environment. Moreover, the findings indicated that yoga practice might be an effective supplement and tool to promote green sustainable programs currently run by environmental and social organizations.
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Lansverk, Allison L., Katie M. Schroeder, Sarah E. London, Simon C. Griffith, David F. Clayton, and Christopher N. Balakrishnan. "The variability of song variability in zebra finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) populations." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 5 (May 2019): 190273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190273.
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Birdsong is a classic example of a learned social behaviour. Song behaviour is also influenced by genetic factors, and understanding the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences remains a major goal. In this study, we take advantage of captive zebra finch populations to examine variation in a population-level song trait: song variability. Song variability is of particular interest in the context of individual recognition and in terms of the neuro-developmental mechanisms that generate song novelty. We find that the Australian zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata castanotis ( TGC ) maintains higher song diversity than the Timor zebra finch T. g. guttata ( TGG ) even after experimentally controlling for early life song exposure, suggesting a genetic basis to this trait. Although wild-derived TGC were intermediate in song variability between domesticated TGC populations and TGG , the difference between domesticated and wild TGC was not statistically significant. The observed variation in song behaviour among zebra finch populations represents a largely untapped opportunity for exploring the mechanisms of social behaviour.
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Osalusi, Dr (Mrs) F. M., and Prof G. Olu Oyinloye Oyinloye. "MINIMIZING THE RATE OF STUDENTS DEVIANT BEHAVIOURS THROUGH INSTRUCTION IN SOCIAL STUDIES IN EKITI AND ONDO STATES, NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 4, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v4i3.3282.
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This study examines the need to reduce deviant behaviours among junior secondary schools through the teaching of Social Studies. Deviant behaviours manifest in many ways among the junior secondary school students in Nigeria. The impact of such behaviour is not only felt in the academic achievement of students but also manifests in the social vices committed by these students in the community. This study raises question about the nature of deviant behaviours manifested by these students and also raises questions about the causative factors and the influence of Social Studies instruction in minimizing the rate of deviant behaviours among the students. The population of the study is the Social Studies teachers in Ekiti and Ondo States Secondary Schools. The sample consists of One hundred and fifty teachers of Social Studies selected through random sampling technique from Ekiti and Ondo States. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated for the study. The Instrument for the study was a questionnaire designed for teachers. The questionnaire elicits information on the teachers perception on if Social Studies instruction could serve as a means of reducing students deviant behaviours. The data collected from the respondents were analysed using t. test statistics. It was found that teachers perceived that the deviant behaviours of the students will reduce significantly if they were taught Social Studies contents in school specifically in its areas that teach morals and culture. It was therefore recommended that the teachers should emphasise the lessons derived from the teaching of any Social Studies concepts in the secondary school.
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Madigan, Sarah, Kate Paton, and Naomi Mackett. "The Springfield Project service: evaluation of a Solihull Approach course for foster carers." Adoption & Fostering 41, no. 3 (September 18, 2017): 254–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575917719373.
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Many young people in care have experienced trauma. The emotional and behavioural issues that often ensue, along with foster carers’ varying levels of confidence and skills, are cited as the main reasons for placement disruption. Placement breakdown can represent a further trauma for young people and is also highly costly for local authorities. The need for interventions to develop foster carers’ competence and confidence in understanding and managing foster children’s behaviour is therefore significant. The Solihull Approach (SA) promotes the parent and child relationship by emphasising the need for emotional containment and a reciprocal relationship so as to form a framework for thinking about, understanding and effectively managing behaviour. The ‘Solihull Approach course for foster carers: understanding your foster child’s behaviour’ is a 12-week programme tailored to the demands of this task. It has been run within the Springfield Project in Fife, Scotland for the past four years. In the reported study 83 participants completed evaluation forms. A thematic analysis of their replies revealed that the most important things learned were: taking a step back; understanding the effects of trauma; reciprocity; communication and play; containment (of my child); understanding my child; and the ability to offload when full up. The course helped participants to better understand their foster child by clarifying the nature of the relationship and their role, understanding the impact of the child’s early experiences and appreciating that she or he is not to blame. Participants took from the course: increased understanding; being part of the group; staying calm and thinking before they act; feeling more confident; and looking after themselves and seeking containment. Pre- and post-Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) questionnaires were collected from 34 carers with children in the six to 18 age group and 13 looking after children aged one-and-a-half to five years. Paired samples t-tests revealed no statistically significant difference in pre- and post-scores in either the six- to 18-year-olds (t(33) = 1.6, p = 0.114) or the one-and-a-half- to five-year-olds (t(12) = 2, p = 0.069). Possible reasons for this and its implications are explored. However, the identified qualitative themes suggest that the aims of the training are being met. There was a strong overall sense that foster carers found the course helpful and informative, suggesting that it could represent a valuable intervention for promoting placement security.
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Flores, Victoria, Gerald G. Carter, Tanja K. Halczok, Gerald Kerth, and Rachel A. Page. "Social structure and relatedness in the fringe-lipped bat ( Trachops cirrhosus )." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 4 (April 2020): 192256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.192256.
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General insights into the causes and effects of social structure can be gained from comparative analyses across socially and ecologically diverse taxa, such as bats, but long-term data are lacking for most species. In the neotropical fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus , social transmission of foraging behaviour is clearly demonstrated in captivity, yet its social structure in the wild remains unclear. Here, we used microsatellite-based estimates of relatedness and records of 157 individually marked adults from 106 roost captures over 6 years, to infer whether male and female T. cirrhosus have preferred co-roosting associations and whether such associations were influenced by relatedness. Using a null model that controlled for year and roosting location, we found that both male and female T. cirrhosus have preferred roosting partners, but that only females demonstrate kin-biased association. Most roosting groups (67%) contained multiple females with one or two reproductive males. Relatedness patterns and recapture records corroborate genetic evidence for female philopatry and male dispersal. Our study adds to growing evidence that many bats demonstrate preferred roosting associations, which has the potential to influence social information transfer.
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Karl, Florian M., Jennifer Smith, Shannon Piedt, Kate Turcotte, and Ian Pike. "Applying the health action process approach to bicycle helmet use and evaluating a social marketing campaign." Injury Prevention 24, no. 4 (August 5, 2017): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042399.
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BackgroundBicycle injuries are of concern in Canada. Since helmet use was mandated in 1996 in the province of British Columbia, Canada, use has increased and head injuries have decreased. Despite the law, many cyclists do not wear a helmet. Health action process approach (HAPA) model explains intention and behaviour with self-efficacy, risk perception, outcome expectancies and planning constructs. The present study examines the impact of a social marketing campaign on HAPA constructs in the context of bicycle helmet use.MethodA questionnaire was administered to identify factors determining helmet use. Intention to obey the law, and perceived risk of being caught if not obeying the law were included as additional constructs. Path analysis was used to extract the strongest influences on intention and behaviour. The social marketing campaign was evaluated through t-test comparisons after propensity score matching and generalised linear modelling (GLM) were applied to adjust for the same covariates.Results400 cyclists aged 25–54 years completed the questionnaire. Self-efficacy and Intention were most predictive of intention to wear a helmet, which, moderated by planning, strongly predicted behaviour. Perceived risk and outcome expectancies had no significant impact on intention. GLM showed that exposure to the campaign was significantly associated with higher values in self-efficacy, intention and bicycle helmet use.ConclusionSelf-efficacy and planning are important points of action for promoting helmet use. Social marketing campaigns that remind people of appropriate preventive action have an impact on behaviour.
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Sylus, Raichel M. "PSYCHO-SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES IN TANYA MENDONSA’S THE DREAMING HOUSE." Kongunadu Research Journal 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj171.
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Tanya Mendonsa is a prolific contemporary writer, an abstract painter and more than everything, a lover. Two volumes of her poems entitled The Dreaming House, All the Answer I Shall Ever Get and an enchanting narration The Book of Joshua are published so far. A writer’s role to his/her role is inevitably a contributing one to her society. The object of “peeling back the layers of personal memory and experience” helps in understanding “the often irrational roots of human motivation, thoughts, and behaviour” (Kandel). In coordination with personal memory, Mendonsa’s early life and way of upbringing can be considered with relevance to the context of psycho social impact of nature in literature. In The Dreaming House she records the pattern of a true nature lover throughout her poems. In other words, “[T]he near and the remote are yoked together” in the poems of Tanya Mendonsa (Prasad 104).
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Widowski, T. M., Y. Yuan, and J. M. Gardner. "Effect of accommodating sucking and nosing on the behaviour of artificially reared piglets." Laboratory Animals 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0023677053739701.
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Neonatal piglets are often used in biomedical research applications that require artificial rearing. Social housing can be problematic because the piglets develop belly nosing, navel and ear sucking that can result in injury. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of using feeding devices that provide various opportunities for sucking and nosing behaviour on reducing piglet-directed behaviour of group-housed laboratory piglets. Fifteen piglets were used in each of four trials. The piglets nursed their dam for approximately 72 h to obtain passive immunity before transfer to a laboratory facility where they were allotted, five per group, to one of three stainless steel isolator units. Each unit featured a different style of feeding system for the delivery of milk replacer: a plastic trough (T), a nipple (N) mounted on a smooth plexiglass wall, or a nipple mounted on a pliant bag of sterile water (artificial udder [AU]). Each system had five feeding spaces so that all piglets fed simultaneously. Milk was provided at 6-h intervals, and behaviour was recorded on alternate days for 12 days post-weaning. Although trough-fed piglets began to eat much sooner than those piglets fed from nipples, time spent nosing, chewing or sucking on pen-mates and belly nosing were markedly higher in T piglets than in either N or AU, overall (mean: P <0.05) and over time (quadratic: P <0.05). Over time, N piglets developed a stereotypic snout rubbing on the wall behind the nipples, while AU piglets massaged and often fell asleep in contact with the udder from day 2 of the trial. Resting patterns were also affected. N and AU piglets settled down to rest more quickly (P <0.01) and spent significantly more time resting in the hour following feeding than T piglets (P <0.05). A feeding device that accommodates both sucking and massage can significantly reduce piglet-directed behaviour and may facilitate social housing of artificially reared piglets.
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Ambrée, Oliver, Christina Ruland, Peter Zwanzger, Luisa Klotz, Bernhard T. Baune, Volker Arolt, Stefanie Scheu, and Judith Alferink. "Social Defeat Modulates T Helper Cell Percentages in Stress Susceptible and Resilient Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14 (July 17, 2019): 3512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143512.
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Altered adaptive immunity involving T lymphocytes has been found in depressed patients and in stress-induced depression-like behavior in animal models. Peripheral T cells play important roles in homeostasis and function of the central nervous system and thus modulate behavior. However, the T cell phenotype and function associated with susceptibility and resilience to depression remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized splenic T cells in susceptible and resilient mice after 10 days of social defeat stress (SDS). We found equally decreased T cell frequencies and comparably altered expression levels of genes associated with T helper (Th) cell function in resilient and susceptible mice. Interleukin (IL)-17 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers in the spleen were significantly increased in susceptible mice. These animals further exhibited significantly reduced numbers of regulatory T cells (Treg) and decreased gene expression levels of TGF-β. Mice with enhanced Th17 differentiation induced by conditional deletion of PPARγ in CD4+ cells (CD4-PPARγKO), an inhibitor of Th17 development, were equally susceptible to SDS when compared to CD4-PPARγWT controls. These data indicate that enhanced Th17 differentiation alone does not alter stress vulnerability. Thus, SDS promotes Th17 cell and suppresses Treg cell differentiation predominantly in susceptible mice with yet unknown effects in immune responses after stress exposure.
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Majhi, Paresh C., Chandra S. Patro, Gyan P. Singh, and Datteswar Hota. "Role of sexual partner and social networking in fracture penis aetiology." Trauma 20, no. 1 (December 18, 2016): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408616683207.
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Introduction Fractured penis is a well-recognised urological emergency resulting from blunt trauma to the erect penis. The incidence and severity of penile fracture mostly relies on the method of sexual practice adopted by the couple which again depends on their psychosocial behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the different circumstances that accompany this injury in relation to severity, such as associated urethral injury, and to address the contribution of the patients’ partners in possible aetiologies and prevalences. Methods A prospective observational study over two years of all patients presenting to our institution with a fractured penis. All patients who were subjected to detailed history and clinical examination, which included educational status, profession and access to internet. The patients’ partners were asked the same questions as well as a sexual behaviour questionnaire to grade their level of sexual appetite. Results Thirteen patients were included; all patients were married with an average age of 37. The coital positions associated with this injury were female on top position (four cases), T position (three cases), knee–elbow coital position (two), male superior coital position (two) and lateral coital position (one); one couple were unable to explain the exact position. Overall, 11/13 (85%) female partners showed moderate to high sexual appetite and only two (15.5%) showed low appetite. Out of the 26 patients and partners, only nine (34.6%) had a profession related to computers, but 16 (61.5%) of them had access to the internet. Conclusions High aggressive sexual behaviour may be a factor for vigorous sexual activity and increase the chance of penile injury. The exact role of social networking though not well established may precipitate more injury through the learning of different coital positions; ‘female on top position’ may be related to a higher incidence of fractured penis.
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Fang, Wei-Ta, Eric Ng, Shu-Mei Liu, Yi-Te Chiang, and Mei-Chuan Chang. "Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan." PeerJ 9 (June 18, 2021): e11635. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11635.
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Introduction Although there is evidence linking the relationships between smartphone usage with health, stress, and academic performance, there is still inadequate knowledge about the influence on pro-environmental behaviors. This study seeks to bridge this gap by adapting the theory of attribution framework to examine the effects of personal norms, social norms, perceived behavioral control on pro-environmental behavior of smartphone usage in children. Methods A total of 225 children aged between 11 to 12 from eight selected public primary schools at the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan were surveyed. Two distinct groups (excessive versus moderate usage) were purposefully selected for comparison, of which 96 participants were excessive smartphone users while the remaining 129 were moderate smartphone users. Results Findings revealed significant differences between excessive and moderate smartphone usage children groups in personal norms (p < 0.001), social norms (p = 0.002), perceived behavioral control (p = 0.001), and pro-environmental behavior (p = 0.001). Findings for excessive smartphone usage children showed that social norms (β = 0.428, t = 4.096***, p < 0.001) had a direct predictive impact on pro-environmental behavior. In contrast, while there was no direct path established between personal norms and pro-environmental behavior (β = 0.177, t = 1.580, p > 0.05), as well as social norms and pro-environmental behavior for moderate smartphone usage children (β = 0.181, t = 1.924, p > 0.05), but such a relationship could be developed through the mediating effect of perceived behavioral control (β = 0.497, t = 4.471***, p < 0.001). Discussion The results suggested that excessive smartphone usage children lack positive perceived behavioral control, and their pro-environmental behavior could only be predicted through explicit social norms, whereas pro-environmental behavior of moderate smartphone usage children was implicitly influenced by personal norms through perceived behavioral control.
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Camras, Linda A., and Virginia B. Sachs. "Social referencing and caretaker expressive behavior in a day care setting." Infant Behavior and Development 14, no. 1 (January 1991): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0163-6383(91)90052-t.
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Izgar, Hüseyin. "HEADTEACHERS' LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2008): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.4.535.
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In this research, the relationship between headteachers' leadership behaviors and problem-solving skills was investigated. The sample comprised 268 headteachers, 53 female and 215 male. The research instruments used were the Leadership Behavior Scale of Turkish Public Administration (Ergun, 1981) and the Problem Solving Inventory (Heppner & Peterson, 1982). The data were analyzed using the independent t test, variance analysis, Tukey test and correlation test. The results revealed: 1) that there was no significant difference according to gender in the leadership behavior subscale, 2) that there was a significant difference between headteachers' leadership behavior and the type of school at which they were employed, and 3) that there was a significant relationship between headteachers' leadership behavior and problem-solving skills.
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Bischof, Hans-Joachim. "Social Influences on Vocal Development Charles T. Snowdon Martine Hausberger." Condor 101, no. 2 (May 1999): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1370015.
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Roth, Henry, and Charles Nicholson. "Earliest School Recollections as a Diagnostic Device for Identifying Gifted and Talented Students with Social Adjustment Problems at School." Gifted Education International 4, no. 3 (January 1987): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142948700400309.
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The researchers devised a system for classifying different types of Gifted and Talented students with social adjustment problems at school. To determine the validity of this system, judges classified 25 elementary-age G-T students into behavioral categories according to their earliest school recollection. Judges' classifications were compared with teachers' classifications of the same students on the basis of the students' observable behaviour patterns. The agreement between judges and teachers was examined. A statistically significant agreement was found between judges' classifications of students and teachers' classifications of students.
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Waro, Mochammad Choirul, and Alifiati Fitrikasari. "Profile of Schizophrenia Aggressiveness with the Risk of Suicide based on the Personality and Social Performance Score." Scientia Psychiatrica 2, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/scipsy.v2i1.27.
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A B S T R A C TIntroduction. The risk of schizophrenia for suicide is 10%, of which 10% -15% ofpeople with schizophrenia die of suicide at 20 years of follow-up. Aggressiveness is afactor to be watched out. Other factors are hallucinations, suicide, early-onset,history of schizophrenia, surveillance, age, gender, education, genetics, affect ofdepression. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic profile,aggressiveness, hallucinations of suicide in schizophrenic patients. Methods. Thedesign of this study is descriptive research. The number of samples in this study was49 schizophrenic patients at risk of suicide. The risk of aggressiveness is measuredby the Personality and Social Performance Score. Results. Of the 49 patients, it wasfound that the proportion of male patients was 31 people (63.3%) and 18 women(36.7%). Aggressive behaviour based on PSP score was divided into modestaggressiveness of 22 people (44.9%), severe 20 people (40.8%), very severe two people(4.1%). Suicidal hallucinations were also found in 11 patients (22.4%). Conclusion.There are markedly aggressive behaviour and hallucinations of suicide in the majorityof schizophrenic patients.
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BOUDIAF, Naoual. "THE ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF THIRD YEAR SECONDARY STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP T." Route Educational and Social Science Journal 7, no. 48 (January 1, 2020): 120–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17121/ressjournal.2645.
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Kaya, İsa. "Investigation of the relationship between children's prosocial behaviour and self-regulation skills." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 15, no. 5 (October 29, 2020): 877–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v15i5.5071.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between children's prosocial behavior and self-regulation skills. To collect the data of the study, demographic information form developed by the researcher was used for the demographic information of children, the prosocial behavior sub-dimension of the social behavior scale was used for the prosocial behavior, and the self-regulation skills scale was used for the self-regulation skills of the children. The collected data were analyzed by independent sample t-test, Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis in a computer package software. As a result of the research, while the self-regulation and prosocial behaviors of children differed according to gender and age of children, the situation of the children whether they have siblings and duration of the pre-school education did not make any significant difference. According to these results, girls' self-regulation and prosocial behavior scores were higher than that of boys and 6 years of age children’s scores were higher than that of 5 years of age children. While there was a moderate positive significant relationship between self-regulation skills and prosocial behavior, it was concluded that the prosocial behavior of children predicted self-regulation skills at the level of 11%.
Keywords: Prosocial behavior, self-regulation skills, early childhood, preschool