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Liebig, Michaela. "Funktionsanalyse der mitochondrialen Transportproteine UCP2, UCP3, UCPx und SOUP." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2004/0138/.
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Kim, Dongho, and n/a. "Regulation of mouse UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression." University of Otago. Department of Biochemistry, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070424.131549.
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Uncoupling protein, UCP, present in the inner mitochondrial membrane of brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to adaptive thermogenesis. UCP functions as a proton pore and can dissipate the proton electrochemical gradient established by the respiratory chain during fuel oxidation, and thus generates heat without producing ATP. However, the brown adipose tissue thermogenesis is not likely to be a major mechanism in controlling energy expenditure for humans because adults have only residual amounts of the tissue.
Two new members of the UCP family have been identified based on their high sequence homology to UCP in BAT and named UCP2 and UCP3. The original UCP was renamed UCP1. At the amino acid level, human UCP2 and UCP3 are 59% and 57% identical to UCP1, respectively. In contrast to UCP1, UCP2 is expressed in many tissues such as brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, muscle, spleen and macrophages. UCP3 is expressed preferentially in skeletal muscle in humans, and brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in rodents. Since their identification many functional studies, including transgenic animals and ectopic expression of UCP2 or UCP3 in yeast, showed uncoupling activity of UCP2 and UCP3. A number of studies have been done that show increased expression of UCP2 and UCP3 by fasting, high-fat diets and suckling of newborn mice. A common characteristic of these circumstances is an associated increase in plasma free fatty acid levels. This study aimed to investigate effects of fatty acids, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and other transcription factors on UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression and to explore the molecular mechanism of their regulation through analysis of the promoter of the UCP2 and UCP3 genes.
The 3.1 kb and 3.2 kb 5�-flanking regions of the mouse UCP2 and UCP3 genes, respectively, were cloned and used to construct promoter reporter gene (firefly luciferase) plasmids. The cloned region of the UCP2 and UCP3 genes contained putative binding motifs for several transcription factors, including PPAR, myogenin, and MyoD. Luciferase assays of both constructs showed basal promoter activity with 20~190-fold induction for the UCP2 promoter and 1.3~23-fold induction for the UCP3 promoter in several transfected cell lines, including 3T3-L1, C2C12, L6, COS7 and HepG2. Oleic acid (0.3 mM) up-regulated endogenous UCP2 mRNA by 2.3-fold in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes but not in C2C12 myotubes, and UCP3 mRNA by 2.5-fold in C2C12 myotubes. Responsiveness of the cloned promoter to oleic acid reflected the tissue-specific responsiveness of their endogenous genes but with less fold induction, 1.4-fold for UCP2 promoter in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and 1.5-fold for UCP3 promoter in C2C12 myotubes.
Forced expression of PPAR isotypes (PPARα, PPAR[delta] and PPARγ) showed tissue and isotype-specific activation of the UCP2 promoter. UCP2 promoter activity was induced by 2-fold by PPARγ in 3T3-L1 and by 2.8-fold by PPAR[delta] in C2C12. Treatment of oleic acid (0.3 mM) brought about further induction of the UCP2 promoter activity only in 3T3-L1. In contrast, all three isotypes induced activation of the UCP3 promoter in 3T3-L1, C2C12 and HepG2 cells. Treatment with oleic acid (0.3 mM) or isotype-specific agonist (10 [mu]M) resulted in further increased activity of the UCP3 promoter in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. In particular, rosiglitazone (10 [mu]M) induced a 41-fold increase in UCP3 promoter activity in PPARγ transfected HepG2 cells, and this induction returned to basal level by treatment with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) (50 [mu]M), an antagonist for PPARγ.
In addition, UCP3 promoter activity increased up to 20-fold 4 days after induction of C2C12 myoblasts differentiation, whereas UCP2 promoter activity increased only up to 2-fold. Forced expression of myogenin and MyoD in C2C12 myoblasts to mimic differentiation, induced UCP3 promoter activity in an additive manner, consistent with UCP3 being regulated by muscle differentiation.
In the present study, it has been shown that UCP2 and UCP3 genes are regulated differently by fatty acids. The tissue-type dependence in regulation of endogenous UCP2 and UCP3 paralleled the cell type-specific effect of oleic acid on the promoter-reporter constructs, suggesting that fatty acid effects are at the transcriptional level. UCP2 and UCP3 promoters showed differences in their response to PPARs. Mediation of the fatty acid effect through PPARs has been also demonstrated, but direct binding of PPARs and particular regulatory motifs on the cloned promoter region have not yet been investigated.
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Cassell, Paul Geoffrey. "Genetic susceptibility to type II diabetes and obesity : the role of UCP2, UCP3 and CAPN10 genes." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2002. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/28813.
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The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity is increasing, with obesity the most important predisposing factor contributing to the development of T2DM. Epidemiological and genetic evidence supports a major genetic component in both multifactorial and heterogeneous disorders. The identification of disease susceptibility genes in humans could greatly assist in the elucidation of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and allow the development of more effective preventative and therapeutic strategies for these conditions. Three candidate genes, uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 (UCP2; UCP3) and calpain 10 (CAPN10), are proposed and the rationale for their selection discussed. Gene variants were identified in UCP2 and UCP3. These variants were tested for association with T2DM, obesity and intermediate quantitative traits in a South Indian population and family collection, and also a cohort of British obese case/control subjects. No variant was associated with T2DM. However, investigations revealed positive associations with a UCP2 3'UTR 45bp Ins/Del and a novel UCP3 promoter variant (-55C/T) with variation in body mass (BMI) and fat distribution (WHR) respectively. The results support the view that uncoupling proteins may influence weight gain and hence progression to obesity/T2DM. A significant correlation with plasma leptin levels and the UCP2 Ins/Del variant might indicate one potential mechanism whereby weight could be modulated by uncoupling proteins. A linkage study in affected sibling pairs of North European descent, was negative for the putative T2DM susceptibility gene region, NIDDMI. In contrast, haplotypes of four sequence variants of a T2DM susceptibility gene (CAPN10) identified in this region positively associated with T2DM in a South Indian population. In conclusion, these investigations provide evidence that the three genes studied may contribute to susceptibility for development of T2DM or obesity. However, the findings are in agreement with the most likely genetic model for non-Mendelian complex diseases, that many genes are involved in determining susceptibility to disease with no single gene capable of determining the overall disease phenotype.
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Couplan, Elodie. "Invalidation du gène Ucp2 et surexpression du gène Ucp1 dans le muscle : études de bioénergétique mitochondriale." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066073.
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Van, Der Merwe Pieter de Wet. "UCTD." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96877.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Zygophyllum orbiculatum Welwitsch ex Oliv. from Angola and Zygophyllum stapffii Schinz from Namibia were described in the late 1800’s. Recent comparisons of these two species revealed that they were morphologically very similar except that Zygophyllum orbiculatum has unifoliolate leaves and Zygophyllum stapffii has bifoliolate leaves. The similarity of these two species was investigated using nuclear ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer, i.e. ITS1, 5.8SrDNA, ITS2) region sequence data as phylogenetic markers. Due to almost identical sequences and phylogenetic grouping, it was concluded that they were conspecific. However, the phylogenetic relationships of the major groups within the subfamily Zygophylloideae based on ITS sequences, were unresolved and unsupported, as was found in previous studies using chloroplast gene marker sequences. To resolve the phylogenetic relationships of the major groups within the subfamily Zygophylloideae, a next generation sequencing (NGS) approach was taken. Chloroplasts of taxa representing the major groups within the subfamily were isolated and chloroplast genome sequence data were generated using the Ion Torrent™ sequencer. Additional nuclear ITS cassette data (18SrDNA, ITS1, 5.8SrDNA, ITS2, 26SrDNA) were generated as a by-product and used to produce a large combined aligned sequence matrix for phylogenetic analysis. Model-based phylogenetic programs were able to retrieve strongly supported and resolved phylogenetic relationships of the major groups within Zygophylloideae. Two basal groupings were retrieved in the subfamily. The first grouping consisted of the genera Tetraena, Fagonia and Melocarpum. The second grouping consisted of the monotypic genus Augea and Zygophyllum orbiculatum/stapffii which were embedded within the genus Roepera. Using a gene duplication approach, the chloroplast marker data of genus Zygophyllum sensu stricto placed this genus basal to the Augea, Zygophyllum orbiculatum/stapffii, Roepera clade whilst the nuclear marker data of Zygophyllum sensu stricto, was found in a basal position to the entire subfamily. From this it is concluded that Zygophyllum sensu stricto shows evidence of incomplete lineage sorting. A revised taxonomy for the entire subfamily Zygophylloideae is proposed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Zygophyllum orbiculatum Welwitsch ex Oliv. uit Angola en Zygophyllum stapffii Schinz van Namibië is in die laat 1800's beskryf. Onlangse vergelykings van hierdie twee spesies het getoon dat hulle morfologies baie eners is, behalwe dat Zygophyllum orbiculatum unifoliolate blare besit en dat Zygophyllum stapffii bifoliolate blare besit. Hierdie ooreenkoms is ondersoek, met behulp van die nukleêre “ITS” (Internal Transcribed Spacer d.w.s. ITS1, 5.8SrDNA, ITS2) DNS-strook volgordedata as filogenetiese merkers. As gevolg van feitlik identiese geenopeenvolgings is bevind dat die twee spesies konspesifiek is. Die filogenetiese verwantskappe van die groot binnegroepe van die subfamilie Zygophylloideae, gebaseer op ITS geenopeenvolgings, was egter onopgelos en nie ondersteun nie, net soos in vorige studies waarin chloroplast geenmerkervolgordes gebruik was. Om die filogenetiese verwantskappe van die groot binnegroepe van die subfamilie Zygophylloideae op te los, was ‘n betreklik nuwe DNS volgordebepalingstegniek, naamlik “Next Generation Sequencing” (NGS), gebruik. Chloroplaste van taksa, wat die groot groepe binne-in die subfamilie verteenwoordig, is geïsoleer en chloroplast genoomdata is gegenereer met behulp van die Ion Torrent ™ (NGS) DNS-volgordebepaler. Bykomend was die nukleêre “ITS”-kasset volgordedata (18SrDNS, ITS1, 5.8SrDNS, ITS2, 26SrDNS) ook as 'n by-produk gegenereer en ook gebruik om 'n groot gesamentlike DNS oplyningmatriks vir filogenetiese doeleindes. Model-gebaseerde filogenetiese programme was in staat was om sterk ondersteuning en opgeloste filogenetiese verwantskappe van die groot groepe binne-in Zygophylloideae te ontravel. Die subfamilier toon twee basale groeperinge. Die eerste groepering bestaan uit die genera Tetraena, Fagonia en Melocarpum. Die tweede groepering bestaan uit die monotipiese genus Augea en Zygophyllum orbiculatum/stapffii, wat ingebed is binne-in die genus Roepera. Deur ‘n geendupliseringsbenadering te gebruik op die DNS geenopeenvolgings van die verteenwoordigende takson van Zygophyllum sensu stricto, is bevind dat die chloroplast DNS volgordes hierdie groep basaal aan ‘n Roepera/Augea/Zygophyllum orbiculatum/stapffii klade plaas, terwyl die nukleêre DNS volgordes hierdie groep basaal aan die hele subfamilie Zygophylloideae plaas. Hieruit is die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat Zygophyllum sensu scricto bewyse van onvolledige afstammelingsortering toon. ‘n Gewysigde taksonomie vir die hele subfamilie Zygophylloideae word voorgestel.
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Schnor, Noa Pereira Prada [UNESP]. "Associação de polimorfismos dos genes da UCP2 e UCP3 com características sociodemográficas e nutricionais de mulheres em pré operatório para cirurgia bariátrica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100963.
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schnor_npp_dr_arafcf.pdf: 558138 bytes, checksum: cdccd5cf2a3b51b49ef822ebbbd26df7 (MD5)Sabe-se que a obesidade possui etiologia multifatorial com forte influência de componentes genéticos. Os genes das UCPs, devido à influência no dispêndio de energia, no metabolismo lipídico, na utilização de glicose, na sensibilidade à insulina, na regulação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, se apresentam associados tanto com a obesidade quanto com suas comorbidades. Porém, poucos são os estudos que avaliaram a associação desses genes com aspectos sócio demográficos, retrospectiva da obesidade e padrões alimentares. Objetivou-se verificar associação de polimorfismos rs659366 (-866G/A) e rs660339 (A55V) do gene da UCP2 e rs1800849 (-55C/T) da UCP3 com características clínicas e nutricionais e com padrões alimentares em candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica. Foi realizado estudo transversal com 308 mulheres candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica com idade entre 21 e 45 anos. Na coleta dos dados foram incluídos: dados sócio-demográficos, peso atual, histórico de peso, estatura, Índice de Massa Corporal, idade de início da obesidade, três recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas, dosagens bioquímicas, exame de ultrassonografia, comorbidades presentes e genotipagem por PCR-real time dos genes selecionados. Foi notado risco de desenvolvimento da obesidade na adolescência em portadoras do alelo A do polimorfismo -866G/A do gene da UCP2 e chance menor de desenvolvimento da obesidade na fase adulta. Portadoras do alelo C do polimorfismo A55V do gene da UCP2 apresentaram risco maior de início da obesidade na idade adulta e portadoras do alelo T apresentaram maior risco de obesidade grau II enquanto que portadoras do alelo T do polimorfismo -55C/T do gene da UCP3 tiveram risco maior de apresentarem superobesidade após ajuste de renda per capita, maternidade e tratamentos para perda de peso. Não foi notada associação dos polimorfismos analisados...
The multifactorial etiology of obesity is strongly influenced by genetic components. Uncoupling protein genes (UCPs) are associated with obesity and its comorbidities because of their influence on energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, glucose use, insulin sensitivity, and regulation of reactive oxygen species. However, only a few studies have assessed whether these genes are associated with sociodemographic factors, obesity history, and eating patterns. This study investigated whether the rs659366 (-866G/A) and rs660339 (A55V) polymorphisms of the gene UCP2 and rs1800849 (-55C/T) polymorphism of the gene UCP3 are associated with the clinical and nutritional characteristics and eating patterns of bariatric surgery candidates. A cross-sectional study was done with 308 female bariatric surgery candidates aged 21 to 45 years. The following data were collected: sociodemographic data, current weight, weight history, height, body mass index, age at obesity onset, three 24-hour food recalls, biochemical tests, ultrasound examination, comorbidities, and real-time polymerase chain reaction genotyping of the genes of interest. Women with the UCP2 -866A allele were more likely to develop obesity during adolescence and less likely to develop it during adulthood. Women with the UCP2 A55V C allele were at higher risk of developing obesity during adulthood and those with the T allele were at higher risk of obesity grade 2. On the other hand, women with the UCP3 -55T allele were at higher risk of super-obesity after adjustment for per capita income, having children, and having undergone weight loss treatments. The study polymorphisms were not associated with eating patterns. After logistic regression of a subsample of 127 women, women with the UCP2 -866G allele were less susceptible to having high cholesterol and homozygotes for the C allele were more susceptible to having high... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Schnor, Noa Pereira Prada. "Associação de polimorfismos dos genes da UCP2 e UCP3 com características sociodemográficas e nutricionais de mulheres em pré operatório para cirurgia bariátrica /." Araraquara, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100963.
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Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de OliveiraCoorientação: Rozangela Verlengia
Banca: Thaís Borges César
Banca: Anderson Marliere Navarro
Banca: Celso Vieira de Souza Leite
Banca: Telma Maria Braga Costa
Resumo: Sabe-se que a obesidade possui etiologia multifatorial com forte influência de componentes genéticos. Os genes das UCPs, devido à influência no dispêndio de energia, no metabolismo lipídico, na utilização de glicose, na sensibilidade à insulina, na regulação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, se apresentam associados tanto com a obesidade quanto com suas comorbidades. Porém, poucos são os estudos que avaliaram a associação desses genes com aspectos sócio demográficos, retrospectiva da obesidade e padrões alimentares. Objetivou-se verificar associação de polimorfismos rs659366 (-866G/A) e rs660339 (A55V) do gene da UCP2 e rs1800849 (-55C/T) da UCP3 com características clínicas e nutricionais e com padrões alimentares em candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica. Foi realizado estudo transversal com 308 mulheres candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica com idade entre 21 e 45 anos. Na coleta dos dados foram incluídos: dados sócio-demográficos, peso atual, histórico de peso, estatura, Índice de Massa Corporal, idade de início da obesidade, três recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas, dosagens bioquímicas, exame de ultrassonografia, comorbidades presentes e genotipagem por PCR-real time dos genes selecionados. Foi notado risco de desenvolvimento da obesidade na adolescência em portadoras do alelo A do polimorfismo -866G/A do gene da UCP2 e chance menor de desenvolvimento da obesidade na fase adulta. Portadoras do alelo C do polimorfismo A55V do gene da UCP2 apresentaram risco maior de início da obesidade na idade adulta e portadoras do alelo T apresentaram maior risco de obesidade grau II enquanto que portadoras do alelo T do polimorfismo -55C/T do gene da UCP3 tiveram risco maior de apresentarem superobesidade após ajuste de renda per capita, maternidade e tratamentos para perda de peso. Não foi notada associação dos polimorfismos analisados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The multifactorial etiology of obesity is strongly influenced by genetic components. Uncoupling protein genes (UCPs) are associated with obesity and its comorbidities because of their influence on energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, glucose use, insulin sensitivity, and regulation of reactive oxygen species. However, only a few studies have assessed whether these genes are associated with sociodemographic factors, obesity history, and eating patterns. This study investigated whether the rs659366 (-866G/A) and rs660339 (A55V) polymorphisms of the gene UCP2 and rs1800849 (-55C/T) polymorphism of the gene UCP3 are associated with the clinical and nutritional characteristics and eating patterns of bariatric surgery candidates. A cross-sectional study was done with 308 female bariatric surgery candidates aged 21 to 45 years. The following data were collected: sociodemographic data, current weight, weight history, height, body mass index, age at obesity onset, three 24-hour food recalls, biochemical tests, ultrasound examination, comorbidities, and real-time polymerase chain reaction genotyping of the genes of interest. Women with the UCP2 -866A allele were more likely to develop obesity during adolescence and less likely to develop it during adulthood. Women with the UCP2 A55V C allele were at higher risk of developing obesity during adulthood and those with the T allele were at higher risk of obesity grade 2. On the other hand, women with the UCP3 -55T allele were at higher risk of super-obesity after adjustment for per capita income, having children, and having undergone weight loss treatments. The study polymorphisms were not associated with eating patterns. After logistic regression of a subsample of 127 women, women with the UCP2 -866G allele were less susceptible to having high cholesterol and homozygotes for the C allele were more susceptible to having high... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Barros, Maria Esmeralda. "Monitorização e Gestão da Dor na UCPA." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/8352.
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Relatório de Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem Médico-CirúrgicaNo âmbito do 2º Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica da Escola Superior de Saúde – Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, o presente relatório pretende transmitir todo o processo desenvolvido para a aquisição das Competências Comuns e Específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem em Pessoa em Situação Crítica. Inserido em contexto da Unidade Curricular Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica II, o Estágio III, compreende a implementação do projeto de intervenção em serviço de acordo com a metodologia de projeto com o título “ Monitorização e Gestão da Dor na unidade de cuidados pós-anestésicos”. A sua finalidade é a implementação de instrumentos de avaliação da Dor e a uniformização de procedimentos, numa unidade de cuidados pós-anestésicos de um Hospital do sul do país, de modo que, a presença de Dor e a sua intensidade sejam sistematicamente valorizadas, diagnosticadas, avaliadas e registadas. A dor pós-cirúrgica na unidade de cuidados pós-anestésicos é uma realidade problemática, a sua monitorização e gestão é fundamental para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados prestados. Para a consecução deste projeto foram delineados quatro objetivos específicos, bem como todas as atividades necessárias à sua operacionalização. O primeiro foi adequar a norma de intervenção de enfermagem de avaliação da dor na UCPA, o segundo a elaboração de um padrão de documentação de registo sistemático da dor, o terceiro a formação da equipa relativamente à avaliação, gestão e registo da dor e o quarto a elaboração de um caderno temático sobre a problemática em questão. O desenvolvimento de Competências Especificas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Pessoa em Situação Crítica foi também marcada pela realização do projeto de aprendizagens clínicas, seguindo igualmente a metodologia de projeto.
Abstract:Within the extent of the 2nd Master`s Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing , of the Polytechnic Institute -School of Health - in Setubal, this present report pretends to convey the whole process developed for the acquisition of Common and Specific Competencies of the Nursing Specialist in the Critical Patient Situation. Set in the context of the II Medical-Surgical Nursing course, the III internship consists in the implementation of the intervention project in service in accordance with project methodology entitled "Monitoring and Management of Pain in the post-anesthesia care unit." Its purpose is to implement pain assessment tools and standardization of procedures, in a post-anesthesia care unit of a hospital in the south of the country, so that the presence of pain and its intensity are systematically valued, diagnosed, assessed and registered. Post-surgical pain in the post-anesthesia care unit is a problematic reality, its monitoring and management is the key to improving the quality of care given. To achieve this project were outlined four specific objectives as well as all necessary to its operation activities. The first was to adjust the standard of nursing intervention for pain assessment in a post-anesthesia care unit, the second developing a standard for documentation of systematic recording of pain, the third training staff regarding the assessment, management and registration of pain and the fourth the development of a thematic dossier on the issue in question. The development of Specific Competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Critical Situation Patient care was also marked by the execution of the clinical learning project, equally following the project methodology.
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Sancerni, Tiphaine. "Rôle du transporteur mitochondrial UCP2 dans la leucémie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC088.
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La protéine mitochondriale UCP2 est un transporteur membranaire, pouvant exporter les intermédiaires du cycle de Krebs 4 carbones. Quand cette protéine est surexprimée dans des cellules de mélanome, elle réoriente le métabolisme cellulaire depuis la glycolyse vers la phosphorylation oxydative diminuant ainsi leur tumorigénicité. UCP2 est également présente dans les cellules immunitaires, contrôlant la prolifération des lymphocytes T activés et limitant la production des espèces réactives de l'oxygène des macrophages. Au cours de ma thèse, nous avons cherché à comprendre quel était le rôle de la protéine UCP2 dans un modèle de cancer immunitaires: les leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques de type T (LAL-T). Nous avons travaillé in vitro sur 4 lignées de LAL-T et in vivo sur un modèle murin surexprimant Notch 1ICD. Nous avons pu montrer que la protéine UCP2 permet l'utilisation de la glutamine par les cellules cancéreuses, un nutriment primordial pour la survie et la prolifération des LAL-T. Lorsque l'on diminue la protéine UCP2, les LAL-T réorientent leur métabolisme vers la glycolyse. L'inhibition de la protéine UCP2 pourrait être une stratégie d'affaiblir les cellules LAL-T, celles-ci perdant leurs capacitŽs d'adaptation ˆ des contraintes métaboliques (comme lors de métastases ou de chimiothérapie)UCP2 protein is a C4 metabolites transporter in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has been shown to decrease proliferation by rewiring metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation when it is overexpressed in melanoma cells. It also controls both activated LT proliferation and macrophages ROS production. Then during my thesis, we chose to investigate UCP2 role in an immune cancer: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). We studied in vitro 4 T-ALL cell lines and in vivo, a T-ALL mouse model overexpressing Notch1ICD. We showed that UCP2 is able to control glutamine use in T-ALL cells, a primordial nutrient for these cancer cells. When UCP2 is knockdown cells rewired their metabolism toward glycolysis. UCP2 inhibition could be design as a therapy to weaken T-ALL and avoid relapses, main problem after treatment
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Adjeitey, Cyril. "Control of Uncoupling Protein-1 (UCP1) by Phosphorylation and the Metabolic Impact of Ectopic UCP1 Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Mice." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24231.
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UCP1 is a member of the mitochondrial transmembrane anion carrier protein superfamily and is required to mediate adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Once activated, UCP1 uncouples mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis, thereby wasting the protonmotive force formed across the mitochondrial inner membrane as heat. It is hypothesized that proton leaks through UCP1 could be a molecular target to combat certain forms of obesity. Although it is well established that UCP1 is regulated by allosteric mechanisms, alternative methods such as post-translational modification still remain to be explored. The aims of the present study were to confirm the phosphorylation of UCP1 and the physiological relevance of this modification. Using isoelectric focusing, we confirmed that UCP1 displayed acidic shifts consistent with phosphorylation in BAT mitochondria isolated from cold exposed versus warm acclimated mice. A mouse model that ectopically expressed UCP1 in skeletal muscle was used to explore the link between the mitochondrial redox status and UCP1 function. Our results show that the expression of UCP1 in skeletal muscle led to decreases in body and tissues weights. In contrast, glucose uptake into skeletal muscle, food intake and energy expenditure was increased with the expression of UCP1. Finally, proton leaks through UCP1 were determined to be increased in isolated mitochondria from transgenic versus wild-type mice. Taken together these results indicate a complex interplay between mitochondrial redox status, post-translational modification and UCP1 function. Elucidation of novel mechanisms regulating UCP1 offers alternatives strategies that can be explored in order to modulate BAT thermogenesis.
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Silva, Miller da Costa Lima Batista e. "Produção de lipídeos e biomassa por mucorales (Mucor subtilíssimus UCP 1262, Cunninghamella echinulata UCP 1299 e Rhizopus microsporus UCP 1304) isolados da caatinga de Pernambuco." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2017. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/991.
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Lipids obtained from microorganisms appear as a promising alternative for various industrial applications due to the innumerable advantages when compared to lipids derived from plant and animal sources. In this context, the objective of this work was to select Mucorales (Mucor subtilissimus, Cunninghamella echinulata and R. microsporus) fungi isolated from the Pernambuco Caatinga soil, which are potentially capable of producing biomass and lipids using alternative renewable sources. The cultivation of the Mucorales was carried out in means of production containing different concentration of sugarcane molasses and, different concentrations pH. From the selected medium, the strain with high potential to produce biomass and lipids was grown in new concentrations established from factorial planning. The yields of the biomass were calculated by gravimetry, the total lipids quantified after extraction by chloroform and methanol and the identification of the fatty acids was performed by gas chromatography (GC). Subsequently, a histochemical study was performed with the selected fungus. The data obtained showed that Cunninghamella echinulata was able to simultaneously produce high production of biomass (9,05g / L) and total lipids (46,96%) in a medium constituted by 10% of sugarcane molasses and 5% of corncina, With pH 6.0. From this selected medium, the results of the planning showed that the maximum production of biomass (10,1g / L) and lipids (47.86%) occurred in condition 4, in a medium constituted by maize (8%), cane molasses Of sugar (12%) and pH 6.0. In this way the data obtained show the high potential of Cunninghamella echinulata as a promising microorganism for the simultaneous production of biomass and lipids from renewable raw material, constituting an important technology to minimize environmental problems.
Os lipídeos obtidos por via microbiológica surgem como uma alternativa promissora em diversas aplicações industriais, considerando as inumerosas vantagens que apresentam quando comparado aos lipídeos derivados de fontes vegetais e animais. Uma seleção de fungos da Ordem Mucorales (Mucor subtilíssimus UCP 1262, Cunninghamella echinulata UCP1299 e R. microsporus UCP 1304), isolados do solo da Caatinga de Pernambuco, foi realizada com a finalidade de avaliar a acumulação de lipídeos utilizando fontes alternativas renováveis. O cultivo dos fungos foi realizado em meios contendo diferentes concentrações de melaço de cana-de-açúcar e milhocina, e diferentes valores de pH, através de um planejamento fatorial de 2³. A linhagem selecionada com maior potencial de produção de biomassa e lipídeos foram obtidos por gravimetria. Os lipídeos totais foram quantifidados após extração com o sistema clorofórmio:metanol (v/v), e a identificação dos ácidos graxos foi realizada por cromatografia em fase gasosa (GC); e maior acumulação de lipídeos foi evidenciada pelo método histoquímico. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a Cunninghamella echinulata UCP 1299 produziu o maior conteúdo de biomassa (9,05g/L) e lipídeos totais (46,96%), no meio contendo 10% de melaço de cana de açúcar e 5% de milhocina, em pH 6.0. A seleção do micro-organismo e meio de produção foram evidenciadas através do planejamento fatorial na condição 4, (milhocina a 8%, melaço de cana-de-açúcar a 12% e pH 6), com máxima produção de biomassa de 10,1g/L e de lipídeos 47,86% respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que Cunninghamella echinulata UCP 1299 converteu os resíduos agroindustriais renováveis em biomassa, acumulando elevado teor de lipídeos, possibilitando a minimização resíduos ambientais, sem tratamento prévio, além de favorecer a elevação do valor agregado.
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Antoniou, Anna-Mari. "Complying shipping documents under UCP 600." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/210539/.
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This thesis analyses the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) against the backdrop of the question: ‘what documents must a beneficiary, acting as seller under an international sale of goods carried by sea, present to a bank, and how must he present them, in order for the presentation to be considered compliant?’. It interprets the rules through the answer to this question by looking at national law but also the range of supporting material published by the International Chamber of Commerce. This includes the International Standard Banking Practice, Banking Commission Opinions and Recommendations and DOCDEX decisions. It is unique, because it is one of the few pieces of academic research to place emphasis on these documents and argue that they provide clarification and addition to the UCP. The result of the analysis is a list of proposals for amendments and additions, specifically to UCP but also in some cases to letter of credit law generally. It is these proposals and the arguments for them that are the original contribution to research. Perhaps the most daring submission, never made before in another piece of legal writing, is the proposal that the location of the Fraud Exception to the Autonomy Principle of letters of credit, and indeed all exceptions to the principle, are to be found in the UCP themselves. Where past research has adamantly held that the UCP do not deal with fraud, I submit that they do, and the analysis of the corresponding articles evidence this. The law is stated as at 1 September 2011.
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Esteves, Pauline. "Etude de l’action anti-tumorale de la protéine mitochondriale UCP2." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05T024.
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Les cellules tumorales sont caractérisées par un métabolisme hautement glycolytique à l’inverse des cellules normales qui utilisent préférentiellement un métabolisme oxydatif. Cette adaptation métabolique permet aux cellules d’être moins dépendantes de l’oxygène et favorise les processus d’invasion. D’autres mécanismes associés aux espèces réactives de l’oxygène qui induisent des dommages de l’ADN contribuent à la transformation cellulaire et à l’initiation tumorale. Le transporteur mitochondrial UCP2 est le deuxième membre identifié dans la famille des UCP dont la fonction mitochondriale reste encore mal comprise. Cependant, UCP2 a été impliquée dans un grand nombre de fonctions biologiques telles la régulation de la production de radicaux libres, l’inflammation, la prolifération cellulaire ou encore le métabolisme énergétique. UCP2 est donc un bon candidat pour comprendre le dialogue entre ces événements connus pour favoriser l'initiation, la progression et l'invasion du cancer. Au cours de ma thèse, dans une première partie, nous avons montré que la surexpression d’UCP2 dans différentes lignées de cellules cancéreuses entraîne une diminution de leur prolifération. En effet, les cellules cancéreuses surexprimant UCP2 changent leur métabolisme de la glycolyse vers l’oxydation phosphorylante et deviennent peu tumorigènes. La modification de l’expression des enzymes de la glycolyse et de la phosphorylation oxydative contribue à ce changement métabolique. De plus, la surexpression d’UCP2 augmente la signalisation d’AMPK et diminue l’expression de HIF. UCP2 agit donc dans le contrôle du routage des substrats mitochondriaux. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié si UCP2 joue un rôle dans le développement des tumeurs in vivo en modulant le métabolisme énergétique cellulaire et la production des ROS. Ainsi, nous avons montré in vivo l’impact de l’invalidation du gène Ucp2 (souris Ucp2-/-) dans deux modèles murins de cancer colorectal : un modèle transgénique (souris APCmin/+) et un modèle chimique (azoxyméthane + dextran disulfate (AOM-DSS)). Chez des souris APCmin/+ Ucp2+/+ ou des souris Ucp2+/+ sous traitement AOM-DSS, les tumeurs présentent une augmentation d’expression d’UCP2 par rapport au tissu adjacent non tumoral. L’invalidation du gène Ucp2 dans le modèle APCmin/+ diminue la survie des animaux. Une augmentation du nombre total de tumeurs est observée dans les deux modèles. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’initiation tumorale pourrait être augmentée en absence d’UCP2Dysregulation of cellular metabolism has been associated with malignant transformation. Switching from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis for ATP production allows cancer cells to be less oxygen dependent, thus favoring invasion processes. Effects on metabolism, and more particularly mitochondria metabolism, thus represent a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a member of UCPs, a subfamily of the mitochondrial carriers. The function of UCP2 is still controversial but we recently showed its role in the modulation of cell metabolism. Therefore, UCP2 is a good candidate to address the crosstalk between metabolic alteration and promotion of cancer progression and invasion. We show that cancer cells overexpressing UCP2 shift their metabolism from glycolysis toward oxidative phosphorylation and become poorly tumorigenic. Altered expression of glycolytic and oxidative enzymes underlies the cell metabolic shift. Moreover, UCP2 overexpression is associated with an increased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling together with a downregulation of hypoxia-induced factor (HIF) expression. In line with our previous observations, UCP2 does not function as an uncoupling protein but rather controls mitochondrial substrate routing. To address UCP2 role in cancer in vivo, we investigate the impact of Ucp2 deletion in two colorectal cancer mice models: a transgenic mice model APCmin/+ and a chemical cancer mice model (azoxymethane + dextran disulfate (AOM-DSS)). These two models are complementary because they allow us to determine if the role of UCP2 in cancer differs in only one genetic background (APC) compared with an inflammatory model (AOM + DSS). We found in those two colorectal cancer models that UCP2 is more expressed in tumors instead of the adjacent healthy mucosa. Deletion of Ucp2 in APCmin/+ mice leads to decrease in animal survival and Ucp2 deletion is associated in both mice models with an increased number of tumors. Altogether the results suggest that tumor initiation could be increased with Ucp2 deletion. UCP2 thus appears as a critical regulator of cellular metabolism with a relevant action against tumor maintenance and malignancy
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Newman, Michael John 1976. "Design and control of a Universal Custom Power Conditioner (UCPC)." Monash University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5651.
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Kwok, Hon-hung Ken, and 郭漢洪. "The role of UCP5 in mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinsonian models." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508233.
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Rouger, Laurie. "Implication de la protéine Mitochondriale UCP2 dans la réponse immunitaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25244/25244.pdf.
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Rousset, Sophie. "La protéine découplante mitochondriale UCP2 : implications dans la réponse inflammatoire." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA11T059.
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Alves-Guerra, Marie-Clotilde. "Le rôle anti-oxydant de la protéine découplante mitochondriale UCP2." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA11TO49.
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Kwok, Hon-hung Ken. "The role of UCP5 in mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinsonian models." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41508233.
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Zhang, Jingbo. "Document examination and rejection under UCP 600." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/378253/.
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Letters of credit, which are a well-recognised payment instrument, have bridged international trade between different countries. The UCP, which is often regarded as “soft regulation” has provided a solid backing for the operation of documentary credits and nowadays the latest revision, UCP600 is universally incorporated into nearly all letters of credit. This thesis focuses on two vital but controversial parts in a documentary credit operation, i.e. document examination and rejection under UCP600. The central research question addressed by this thesis is: Has the UCP600 provided a sufficient framework for banks to fulfil their obligations concerning document examination and rejection under documentary credits? This question can be divided into three separate issues. Firstly, what requirements should a bank fulfil during document examination and rejection as judged by the law of documentary credits and market expectations? Secondly, what requirements have been expressly or implicitly set out in the UCP600 regime? Finally, has the current UCP system provided a proper and sufficient framework to the addressed areas? If not, what should and can be done next? In order to answer the above questions, this thesis draws upon other ICC sources, such as the ISBP, the ICC Opinions and DOCDEX decisions, which are frequently missed in other academic works. The novelty of this thesis lies in a below-the-surface analysis of the controversial areas of UCP600 by using the experience gained from recent case law before suggesting ways to move forward. The merits of this thesis are not limited to observing the current loopholes in the UCP system, but also in endeavouring to solve current problems by providing feasible suggestions for improvement for the next UCP revision.
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Kenji, Shiosaki Ricardo. "Aspectos bioquímicos e fisiológicos da biorremoção de pireno por Rhizopus arrhizus UCP 402 e R. arrhizus UCP 402X (mutante)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2004. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1902.
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Previous issue date: 2004Os fungos da ordem Mucorales têm se destacado pelo seu excelente potencial biológico na eliminação de contaminantes tóxicos do ambiente. Investigações foram realizadas no sentido de utilizar processos de biorremediação para a remoção de pireno por Rhizopus arrhizus. Estudos iniciais foram realizados para obtenção de um mutante fisiológico utilizando o teste de resistência ao pireno. O processo de germinação de esporos de R. arrhizus demonstrou que a presença de pireno (10 mg/L) nos meios de cultura testados BDA (Batata Dextrose e Ágar) e SAC (Peptona e Sacarose), acelerou o processo de germinação dos esporos das linhagens selvagem e mutante. O crescimento radial das linhagens de R. arrhizus foi inversamente proporcional ao aumento da concentração de pireno no meio de cultura. A linhagem mutante demonstrou melhor adaptação no meio de cultura contendo 50 mg/L de pireno, quando comparada à linhagem selvagem. Estudos subseqüentes foram realizados com os perfis de ácidos graxos e do sistema de ubiquinonas nas linhagens selvagem e mutante, mantidos no meio de cultura YMB contendo pireno (10 mg/L) e o controle (sem pireno). Os resultados com marcadores bioquímicos demonstraram alterações do percentual de ubiquinonas e do perfil de ácidos graxos. As duas linhagens apresentaram as Coenzimas Q7, Q9 e Q10. A linhagem selvagem demonstrou diferença no percentual da Coenzima principal Q9 (32%) em comparação com a linhagem mutante (8,4%). Uma redução discreta nos percentuais dos ácidos graxos também foi observada em ambas linhagens. A análise por cromatografia em fase gasosa (CG), evidenciou a presença dos ácidos graxos: oléico (18:1), palmítico (C16:0), palmitoléico (C16:1), esteárico (C18:0), linoléico (C18:2) e γ-linolênico (C18:3). Contudo, observou-se um aumento significativo dos percentuais de ácidos graxos saturados (C16:0) e (C18:0) e insaturados (C18:1) e (C18:2) na linhagem mutante, quando cultivada na presença de pireno (10mg/L). A análise através da cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) também demonstrou um aumento significativo no percentual da Coenzima Q9 na linhagem mutante, quando cultivada na presença de pireno (10 mg/L). Os processos de biorremoção/biossorção do pireno utilizando micélio inativado de R. arrhizus UCP402 e UCP402x, em ensaios a partir de um planejamento fatorial de dois níveis, demonstraram taxas elevadas de biossorção, 99,7% (linhagem selvagem) e 99.4% (linhagem mutante). No entanto, a cinética de remoção do pireno com o micélio vivo das linhagens selvagem e mutante, analisados através de CLAE confirmaram o excelente desempenho da biorremoção do pireno, correspondendo a 99,2% e 99,6% no meio YMB e 97,30% e 98,95% no meio SAC, respectivamente, para as linhagens selvagem e mutante. Os resultados obtidos com os processos de biorremoção/biossorção do pireno indicaram o grande potencial biotecnológico de R. arrhizus UCP 402x
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Lin, Jian-Man. "Islet insulin secretory patterns in diabetes and the role of UCP2." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Cell Biology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2989.
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During development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes plasma insulin patterns are altered. Since the islet insulin release pattern has been implicated in this development, insulin secretion from single islets was studied and linked to the islet protein levels of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2). Islets were isolated from NOD- and KKAy- mice, GK- and GK-derived congenic rats, which are animal models of diabetes, and three human subjects with type 2 diabetes. At basal glucose (3 mM), insulin release from such islets was pulsatile and the amount released was comparable to that of control islets. When the glucose concentration was raised to 11 mM insulin release was essentially unchanged in islets isolated from older NOD- and KKAy- mice, GK- and Niddm1i congenic rats, and NIDDM persons. In islets from Niddm1f congenic rats, younger NOD- and KKAy-mice, control animals and normal human donors the secretion rate increased 2-9 fold when the glucose concentration was raised. This rise in secretion was manifested as increase of the amplitude of the insulin oscillations without affecting their frequency. Impaired glucose-induced insulin release was associated with reduction in glucose oxidation measured in NOD-islets, unaffected respiration measured in GK-islets and higher protein level of UCP2 measured in KKAy-islets. When the UCP2 amounts in KKAy-islets were reduced by culture to those of control islets, glucose-induced insulin secretion was essentially normalized. Our studies suggest that the deranged plasma insulin patterns observed in diabetes are related to decrease in the amplitude of insulin oscillations from the islets rather than loss of the oscillatory activity. This reduction of pulse amplitude may be related to impaired glucose metabolism and/or increased mitochondrial uncoupling.
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Chu, Chi-yuen Andrew. "A study on mitochondrial uncoupling protein 4 (UCP4) in Parkinsonian models." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39634449.
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Chu, Chi-yuen Andrew, and 朱志遠. "A study on mitochondrial uncoupling protein 4 (UCP4) in Parkinsonian models." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39634449.
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MORAES, FILHO Marcos Antônio de. "Avaliação do potencial biotecnológico de Phanerochaete chrysosporium UCP 963 e Cunninghamella elegans UCP 596 na remoção de cobre e zinco." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2005. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/799.
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Previous issue date: 2005Investigações foram realizadas comparativamente sobre a habilidade de biossorção de cobre e zinco pela biomassa de Phanerochaete chrysosporium UCP 963 e Cunninghamella elegans UCP 596. A remoção dos metais pesados foi avaliada utilizando-se diferentes quantidades de biomassa (120 mg e 240 mg), viva e inativada, adicionadas a solução de cobre e de zinco (4 e 6 mM), pH 5.0 sob agitação de 150 rpm, à temperatura de 28 ºC, por 480 minutos. A amostra de C. elegans demonstrou habilidade de remoção dos metais pesados na concentração de 4 mM com rendimentos de 104 mg.g-1 (55% de remoção) para o cobre, 94,44 mg.g-1 (51% de remoção) de zinco, e na concentração de 6 mM zinco removeu 129,71 mg.g-1 (53%) e cobre 171 mg.g-1 (57%), todos os tratamentos foi utilizado 120 mg da biomassa. A biomassa inativada de P. chrysosporium foi mais eficiente na remoção de cobre na concentração de 6 mM com resultados de 134,18 mg.g-1 (45% de remoção) e em ambas concentrações de zinco (4 e 6 mM) apresentando uma sorção de 73-101 mg.g-1 (59-63 %), respectivamente, durante 480 minutos. Os resultados demonstram que tanto a utilização da biomassa inativada e/ou viva de P. chrysosporium e C. elegans apresentam habilidade no processo de remoção de cobre e zinco, possibilitando uma futura aplicação na sorção de metais pesados em ambientes contaminados
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Daňo, Peter. "Dokumentárny akreditív a zmeny vyvolané revíziou UCP 600." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4905.
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Práce charakterizuje dokumentární akreditiv jako jeden z významných platebních a zajišťovacích instrumentů v mezinárodním obchodě. V jednotlivých kapitolách jsou uvedené výhody a nevýhody jeho použití, typy dokumentárních akreditivů, použitelnost akreditivu a dokumenty používané při akreditivních operacích. Poslední kapitola je zaměřená na eUCP, elektronický akreditiv a systémy elektronického akreditivu.
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Pedraza, González Neus. "Estudi de la regulació transcripcional del gen de la proteïna desacobladora UCP3." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2987.
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El gen UCP3 s'expressa majoritàriament al múscul esquelètic i al TAM en rosegadors, i pràcticament de manera exclusiva al múscul esquelètic en humans. El gen s'activa en resposta a diferents estímuls, entre els quals trobem l'àcid retinoic, els àcids grassos no esterificats i les hormones tiroïdals. L'estudi de la regulació de la transcripció del gen UCP3 en cèl·lules musculars ens ha permès obtenir informació sobre els mecanismes moleculars responsables de l'expressió d'UCP3 al múscul esquelètic i de la modulació d'aquesta expressió deguda als estímuls esmentats. L'estudi de la regulació de l'expressió d'UCP3in vivo ens ha permès establir la importància d'alguns d'aquests mecanismes en un context fisiològic. D'acord amb l'expressió específica d'UCP3 al múscul, el factor de transcripció miogènic MyoD és necessari per l'activitat basal del promotor del gen UCP3. MyoD regula l'expressió del gen humà UCP3 a través d'unes seqüències semblants a Ebox properes al lloc d'inici de la transcripció (-29/-9). A més a més, l'activació del promotor del gen humà UCP3 per MyoD és necessària per tal que l'àcid retinoic, els àcids grassos o les hormones tiroïdals en modulin l'activitat.
L'àcid retinoic, un conegut activador transcripcional de l'expressió dels gens UCP1 i UCP2, activa l'expressió del gen UCP3 en cèl·lules musculars diferenciades. La resposta del gen UCP3 humà a l'àcid retinoic està mitjançada pels receptors d'àcid retinoic (RAR-RXR) i l'element de resposta a hormones DR1 (AGGTTTCAGGTCA) situat a la regió proximal (-71/-59) del promotor d'UCP3.
Per altra banda, l'activació del gen UCP3 pels àcids grassos es dóna a través de PPARalfa o PPARdelta (receptors activats per proliferadors peroxisomals) i de l'element DR1, in vitro i in vivo. En ratolins PPAR-alfa-KO s'ha observat una necessitat diferencial de PPAR-alfa per regular l'expressió del gen UCP3, en funció del teixit (cor o múscul esquelètic) i de l'estadi del desenvolupament (nounats i adults).
A nivell molecular, els processos d'acetilació són importants per l'activació del promotor del gen UCP3. El coactivador p300 és capaç de coactivar la resposta dependent de lligand de PPAR-alfa en el promotor, i l'activitat acetiltransferasa de p300 és necessària per aquesta coactivació. Tant l'estat d'acetilació de les histones com de MyoD són importants per l'activació del promotor del gen UCP3.
Finalment, s'ha observat que les hormones tiroïdals activen l'expressió del gen UCP3 humà i de ratolí al múscul esquelètic in vivo i en cèl·lules musculars en cultiu. Les hormones tiroïdals activen el promotor d'UCP3 a través dels receptors d'hormones tiroïdals (TR) i la regió del DNA que conté l'element DR1.
Per tant, l'element DR1 present en la regió proximal del promotor del gen UCP3 és un element multihormonal que mitjança l'activació del gen UCP3 per l'àcid retinoic, les hormones tiroïdals i els àcids grassos. En el futur, seria interessant estudiar la relació que s'estableix entre aquestes vies de senyalització in vivo.
UCP3 gene is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue in rodents, and almost exclusively in skeletal muscle in humans. The gene is activated in response to different stimulus, such as retinoic acid, fatty acids and thyroid hormones. In the present study we investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for UCP3 gene expression in skeletal muscle and for the retinoic acid, fatty acids and thyroid hormones-dependent activation. Studying UCP3 gene regulation in vivo has allowed to establish the importance of some of these mechanisms in a physiological context.
In agreement with the specific expression of human UCP3 in muscle, the myogenic transcription factor MyoD is needed for UCP3 promoter basal activity. MyoD regulates the expression of the human UCP3 gene through Ebox-like sequences near the initiation transcription site (-29/-9). Moreover, MyoD is necessary for retinoic acid, fatty acid or thyroid hormone-dependent activation of the UCP3 promoter.
Retinoic acid, a transcriptional activator of UCP1 and UCP2 gene expression, activates UCP3 gene expression in differentiated skeletal muscle cells. Human UCP3 gene response to retinoic acid is mediated by retinoic acid receptors (RAR-RXR) through a hormone response element DR1 (AGGTTTcAGGTCA) located in the proximal region of the promoter (-71/-59).
In addition, UCP3 gene activation by fatty acids is achieved by PPAR-alpha or PPAR-delta (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor) through the previously described DR1, in vitro and in vivo. Studies in PPAR-alpha-KO mice has revealed that PPAR-alpha is differentially required for UCP3 gene expression, depending on tissues (heart or skeletal muscle) and development stages (newborns and adults).
Finally, thyroid hormones activate human and mouse UCP3 gene expression in vivo and in vitro. This activation is mediated by thyroid hormone receptor (TR) through the DNA region that contains the DR1 element, in both human and mouse UCP3 promoter.
In conclusion, the DR1 element located in the proximal region of UCP3 gene promoter is a multihormonal response element able to mediate retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and fatty acid-dependent activation of UCP3 gene. In the future, it should be interesting to study the relationship between these signalling pathways in vivo.
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Modas, Diana Andreia Santos. "Cuidados de enfermagem ao cliente internado na UCPA submetido a cateterização vesical." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/14233.
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Relatório de Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem Médico-CirúrgicaO presente documento reporta ao relatório de trabalho de projeto realizado no âmbito do curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica (EMC), que contempla o Projeto de Intervenção em Serviço (PIS), englobando a metodologia de projeto, o qual consistiu na elaboração da Norma de Procedimento (NP) relativa aos cuidados de enfermagem ao cliente na cateterização vesical na Unidade de Cuidados Pós-Anestésicos (UCPA), suportada na evidência científica; e o estágio efetuado no âmbito médico-cirúrgico, com o objetivo do desenvolvimento de competências para a aquisição do grau de Especialista em EMC e Mestre concretizado através do Projeto de Aprendizagem Clínica (PAC). O estágio decorreu na UCPA do Hospital X, tendo-se prestado cuidados de enfermagem a clientes de todas as especialidades cirúrgicas, incluindo a vertente de cirurgia de ambulatório e de urgência. Procurando promover-se o bem estar e diminuição do desconforto e sofrimento da pessoa, preveniram-se e trataram-se complicações, maximizando-se a sua recuperação pós-operatória. Relativamente à metodologia de projeto, com o PIS elaborou-se a NP relativa aos cuidados de enfermagem ao cliente na cateterização vesical na UCPA, uma problemática da área de EMC, com base na evidência científica existente, cumprindo-se o processo da ADAPTE Collaboration, adaptando-se as recomendações, obtidas através da revisão de literatura efetuada, que eram transponíveis para a Unidade. Posteriormente, realizaram-se ações formativas à equipa de enfermagem para concretização da implementação da norma no serviço, uniformizando-se deste modo, a prestação de cuidados a estes clientes, promovendo-se um cuidado seguro e de qualidade. Durante este percurso foi possível desenvolver competências científicas, técnicas e humanas para prestar cuidados de enfermagem especializados na área da EMC, desenvolvendo-se um processo de aprendizagem autónomo e auto-orientado. O enfermeiro mestre e especialista em EMC presta cuidados de saúde ao cliente, realiza investigação, gestão e aplica o processo de tomada de decisão, com conhecimentos e competências especializadas, promovendo-se deste modo, a qualidade dos cuidados prestados.
The present document reports about the project work done in line with the Masters Course of Medical-Chirurgical Nursing (MCN) which contemplates the Service Intervention Project, that applies the project methodology in elaborating the Procedural Standard relative to nursing care to the medical client in using urethral catheters in the Post-Anaesthetic Care Unit (PACU), based on scientific evidences; and the Medical-Chirurgical internship that took place with the aim of developing further knowledge and skills in achieving the level of MCN Specialist and Master through the Clinical Learning Project. The internship took place in the PACU unit of the Hospital X, having been provided nursing care to clients of a large variety of medical specializations, including emergency and internment care. With the objective of promoting the well being and the reduction of pain and suffering in the subject, possible complications and recovery problems were prevented and precautions were taken maximising the patients post-procedure recovery. Regarding the project methodology a Procedural Standard was created using a Service Intervention Project stating the care to be given to patients in need of nursing care which included urethral catheters inside the PACU, which comprised one of the obstacles in the MCN area of application, as stated in the existing scientific referential documentation, in this way the process of ADAPTE Collaboration was applied, adapting recommendations from relevant literature which could be applied to the unit. Based on this evidence sessions of learning were prepared and lectured to the nursing team as a way of achieving the implementation of said Procedural Standard in the PACU Service, and, in this way, creating a standard for the nursing cares to provide to the clients and promoting a safe and high quality nursing care. During this period it was possible to develop new scientific, technical and personal skills in providing specialised nursing care in the field of MCN, applying an autonomous and self oriented learning process. The master nurse and MCN specialist provides nursing care to the client, investigates, manages and applies the decision making process, with specialised knowledge and skills, in this way promoting the quality of the nursing care.
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McBride, Skye. "Elucidating a Role for UCP3 in the Control of Mitochondrial Superoxide Flashes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31588.
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Mitochondria are a major site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cells. While ROS can cause oxidative damage, they are vital in many signaling processes. Recently, mitochondrial superoxide flashes (mSOF) were defined through sensitive measurements of temporal and spatial differences in superoxide production. mSOF are stochastic events of quantal bursts in superoxide production, which are temporally linked to transient mitochondrial inner membrane depolarizations. The aims of the present study were to characterize a hydrogen peroxide sensitive biosensor to monitor these events and elucidate a role for uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) and the mechanistic details of mSOF. While pHyPer- dmito was sensitive enough to monitor these dynamic changes its kinetics were insufficient to detect these ~20s long flashes. Additionally, analyses showed a prolonged duration of flashes in the absence of UCP3. Furthermore, we unearthed a novel relationship between flash amplitude and mitochondrial depolarization. Finally, investigations of mSOF in muscles of various fiber type compositions showed no differences, though additional investigations are warranted.
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Roy, Marie-Claude. "Implication de la protéine découplante 2 (UCP2) dans la réponse au stress." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30788/30788.pdf.
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Les protéines découplantes (UCPs) sont situées dans la membrane interne des mitochondries. La première découverte, UCP1, est connue pour son potentiel à découpler la synthèse de l’adénosine 5’ triphosphate (ATP) de l’oxydation des substrats énergétiques, ce qui entraîne une accélération du métabolisme et une production de chaleur. La protéine découplante 2 (UCP2), est distribuée de façon ubiquitaire et semble plutôt réguler la production des espèces réactives de l’oxygène (ROS) et l’utilisation des substrats énergétiques. À notre connaissance, le rôle d’UCP2 dans les différents segments de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal — HPA) est encore peu connu, tout comme l’implication potentielle de cette protéine dans la réponse au stress. Lors de cette étude, nous avons (i) regardé la distribution de l’ARN messager d’Ucp2 dans l’axe HPA, (ii) évalué les effets du stress sur l’expression d’Ucp2 et (iii) utilisé un modèle de souris déficiente en Ucp2 (Ucp2 KO) afin d’évaluer la réponse au stress en l’absence d’Ucp2. Sans avoir détecté de différence majeure dans la réponse au stress entre les souris de type sauvage (Wild-type — WT) et Ucp2 KO, il est sans équivoque qu’Ucp2 est exprimée en abondance dans l’axe HPA et que plusieurs régions du cerveau exprimant Ucp2 présentent une activation suite au stress.Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. The first discovered uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is well known for its potential to uncouple adenosine 5’ triphosphate (ATP) synthesis from energetic substrate oxidation, resulting in heat production. Its partially homologue uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is found in several tissues and has been reported to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and seems implicated in the regulation of energetic substrates. According to our knowledge, the expression of Ucp2 in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has not been described yet, neither its implication in stress response. Our study presents i) the distribution of Ucp2 mRNA in the HPA axis, ii) the effect of stress on Ucp2 expression in the brain and HPA axis and iii) the stress response of Ucp2 deficient mice (Ucp2 KO) to evaluate whether or not the absence of Ucp2 affects the stress response in mice. Although we do not detect any difference between Ucp2 KO mice and wild type (WT) mice following a stress, we have shown that Ucp2 is expressed in abundance in the HPA axis. Many brain regions also present an increase in Ucp2 expression after a stress.
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Piel, Mathilde. "Les bases moléculaires de la thermogenèse induite par la protéine découplante UCP1." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7025.
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La protéine découplante UCP1 est localisée dans la membrane interne des mitochondries du tissu adipeux brun. Elle fait partie de la famille des transporteurs mitochondriaux (SLC25). En présence d’acide gras à chaîne longue, UCP1 permet le passage des protons de l’espace intermembranaire vers la matrice, découplant ainsi la chaîne respiratoire de la production d’ATP. Ceci provoque un emballement de l’oxydation des substrats dans la mitochondrie et mène à la production de chaleur. Plusieurs mécanismes ont été proposés pour expliquer la conductance aux protons provoquée par l’ajout d’acides gras sur UCP1 mais la localisation précise du site de fixation des acides gras reste inconnue. Plusieurs modèles structuraux d’UCP1 et UCP2 ont été obtenus par RMN en présence de dodécylphosphocholine (DPC) et deux résidus, K56 et K269, ont été proposés comme étant cruciaux pour la fixation des acides gras et l’activation d’UCP1 en protéoliposomes. Des études antérieures ont cependant montré que le DPC inactive UCP1. Ces mutants ont donc été revisités dans le contexte plus physiologique des mitochondries de levure. Les mesures de respiration sur des sphéroplastes perméabilisés contenant des mitochondries exprimant les mutants ou la protéine sauvage permettent de visualiser l’activation ou l’inhibition de la protéine. Aucun défaut d’activation n’a été détecté pour les mutants K56S, K269S, ou le double mutant K56S/K269S dans notre système, réfutant ainsi les travaux de Zhao et al..Afin d’obtenir des informations sur le site de fixation des acides gras sur UCP1 deux approches ont été entreprises en parallèle. La première consiste à réaliser de la mutagenèse par triplet, un résidu dans chaque tiers de la protéine, afin d’explorer la cavité de la protéine dans sa hauteur. L’analyse des mutants par respiration à permis l’identification de deux mutants différents de la protéine sauvage : un mutant non activable par les acides gras et un mutant présentant une meilleure stimulation par les acides gras mais non inhibable par le GDP. Les premiers résultats de mutagenèse vont dans le sens d’un site de liaison des acides gras localisé dans le site commun des substrats des transporteurs mitochondriaux, probablement à proximité immédiate du site inhibiteur des nucléotides puriques.La deuxième approche fut de synthétiser des ligands fonctionnalisés avec des sondes photoactivables telle que l’AzDA (12-((4-azido-2-nitrophényl)amino)dodécanoïque)). La β-lactoglobuline (BLG), utilisée comme protéine modèle, a permis la détermination des conditions d’irradiation en solution ou sur des co-cristaux BLG/AzDA. Les premiers tests sur des mitochondries exprimant UCP1 montrent, par spectrométrie de masse linéaire, un photomarquage de la protéineUncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of brown adipocyte and belongs to the mitochondrial carrier family (SLC25). In the presence of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), UCP1 increases the H+ conductance to ‘short-circuit’ the proton-motive force, which, in turn, increases fatty acid oxidation and energy release as heat. Hypotheses have been made to explain this mechanism. The precise location of the LCFA binding site(s) has however not been determined. Different atomic models of UCP1 and UCP2 have been obtained by NMR in dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) and Zhao et al. proposed that K56 and K269 are crucial for LCFA binding and UCP1 activation in proteoliposomes. However DPC has been shown to inactivate UCP1. We therefore revisited those UCP1 mutants in a more physiological context by expressing them in the mitochondria of S. cerevisiae. Mitochondrial respiration, assayed on permeabilized spheroplasts, enables the determination of UCP1 activation and inhibition. The K56S, K269S and K56S/K269S mutants did not display any default in activation, which confirms that the NMR-DPC model is not relevant to understand UCP1 function.Two methods were used to address the identification of the fatty acid binding site in UCP1. Mutagenese was done with triple mutations, one at the same position of each third of the protein to scan different levels of the protein’s cavity. By respiration analyses on permeabilised spheroplasts two triplet mutants deviating from the wild-type protein were identified: one that can not be activated by fatty acids and one, which is more stimulated by fatty acids but can not be inhibited. Those first results seem to indicate that the LCFA binding site is located within the commun substrate binding site of mitochondrial carrier and partially overlap with nucleotide binding site.The second approach was to synthetise fatty acids based ligands functionalized with active probes, which are able to crosslink the protein under irradiation, such as the AzDA (12-((4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)amino)dodecanoic acid). We used β-lactoglobulin as a template to optimize crosslinking conditions either in solution or in crystals. The first crosslinking experiments on mitochondria expressing UCP1 led to the visualisation by linear mass spectrometry of UCP1 crosslinked to the AzDA
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Liu, Qian. "The role of C/EBPbeta in regulating UCP1 expressions in 3T3-L1 adipocytes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12469/.
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Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is essential for non-shivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) by dissipating proton-motive force to stimulate maximum mitochondrial respiration. cAMP-dependent protein kinase induction of UCP1, as well as the PPAR coactivator1α (PGC1α), is a typical characteristic in BAT but not in white adipose tissue (WAT). Previous work demonstrated that the overexpression of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β (C/EBPβ) could rescue the cAMP-induced PGC1α and UCP1 expression in white preadipocytes 3T3-L1 cell line, indicating a key regulatory role of C/EBPβ in brown adipogenesis. The overall aim of this study was to examine the role of C/EBPβ overexpression in regulating the transcription of UCP1 in 3T3-L1 white preadipocytes to transform them to a more brown-like cell phenotype. Tetracycline inducible (Tet on) lentiviral, adipose-specific expression vectors for overexpressing C/EBPβ (or the control Luciferase-GFP) gene were constructed with the pLenti6 lentiviral vector backbone with TRE tight and rtTA advance regulatory elements. In the absence of doxycycline there was low basal expression from the vectors and a dose-dependent, doxycycline-induced transient, adipose-specific overexpression was observed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Transduction of the pLenti6 positive control luciferase-RFP vector was successfully achieved but the C/EBPβ or LucGFP vectors constructed failed to produce highly infectious lentiviral particles, possibly due to the large size of insert which challenged the limit of the pLenti6 vector backbone. Therefore a stable inducible, adipose-specific, 3T3-L1 line overexpressing C/EBPβ was not achieved. Transient overexpression of C/EBPβ and PRDM16 significantly increased the transcriptional activity of UCP1 promoter in the presence of forskolin in 3T3-L1 cells without stimulating PGC1α promoter activity, implying a PGC1α-independent manner of activating UCP1 transcription in 3T3-L1s. C/EBPβ overexpression alone activated the PGC1α promoter in HIB-1B and Cos7 cells but not in 3T3-L1 cells, indicating the lack of some activators in 3T3-L1 or a potential 3T3-L1 specific repressive mechanism. Co-overexpression of C/EBPβ and PPARγ in 3T3-L1 markedly stimulated the PGC1α promoter in response to rosiglitazone and increased the UCP1 promoter activity in the presence of rosiglitazone and forskolin. This result suggests that PPARγ could make up for the lack of activator or release the 3T3-L1 repressive mechanism and mediated a PGC1α-dependent manner of activating UCP1 together with C/EBPβ in 3T3-L1 cells. Further studies demonstrated that both CRE and PPRE elements were indispensible in this PGC1α-dependent pathway of activating UCP1 promoter in 3T3-L1 cells. The results suggest that C/EBPβ and PPARγ cooperate to induce UCP1 expression in 3T3-L1 cells stimulated by PPARγ agonist and cAMP.
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Green, K. "UCP2 in pancreatic beta-cells : a radical way to short circuit glucose sensing?" Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599662.
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Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) catalyse proton transport across the mitochondrial inner membrane, thereby uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. UCP2 is expressed in several mammalian tissues including pancreatic β-cells. Since UCP2 activity uncouples the processes that link glucose metabolism (oxidation) to insulin secretion (phosphorylation), it is expected to attenuate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Published studies using UCP2 over-expressing and UCP2 ablated β-cells support this hypothesis. Therefore, identifying regulators of β-cell UCP2 activity may help develop novel ways to treat type II diabetes. Furthermore, β-cells present a valuable system with which to study UCP2 activity in situ. Studies using isolated mitochondria have demonstrated that the superoxide radical and particular reactive alkenals activate UCP2, and that novel, mitochondrially-targeted antioxidants (mito-antioxidants) prevent activation of UCP2 by superoxide. Mito-antioxidants and reactive alkenals are thus useful tools to investigate pancreatic β-cell UCP2 activity in situ. I hypothesised that endogenously produced superoxide activates UCP2 in β-cells to negatively regulate GSIS, and tested this hypothesis by measuring UCP2 activity in isolated β-cell mitochondria and GSIS in intact β-cells. Mito-antioxidants prevented superoxide-activation of UCP2 in isolated β-cell mitochondria but, surprisingly, did not potentiate GSIS. These unexpected findings suggested that either UCP2 was endogenously inactive, or endogenous UCP2 activity is not inhibited by mito-antioxidants. I sought to distinguish between these possibilities using UCP2 overexpressing β-cells, and by investigating isolated mitochondria in which UCP2 appeared to be endogenously active. Certain reactive alkenals both activated UCP2 in β cell mitochondria and attenuated GSIS in intact cells, suggesting that may attenuate insulin secretion physiologically, or provide valuable tools to probe UCP2 activity in cells.
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Aheng, Marie-Caroline. "Etude de la protéine mitochondriale UCP2 au cours de l'encéphalite auto-immune expérimentale." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066106.
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La protéine découplante UCP2 fait partie de la famille des transporteurs mitochondriaux. Son expression prédomine dans les cellules immunitaires. Chez la souris, le gène est situé dans une région chromosomique fortement associée à l’Encéphalite Auto-immune Expérimentale (EAE), un modèle murin de sclérose en plaques (SEP). En absence d’UCP2, la réponse auto-immune est amplifiée. Sur le plan clinique, cela se traduit par des troubles moteurs beaucoup plus sévères. Le but de ce travail était, dans un premier temps, de comprendre les relations entre UCP2 et la NO synthase inductible (iNOS), une enzyme surexprimée chez les souris Ucp2-/- pendant l’EAE. Chez les souris inactivées pour ces deux gènes, la maladie apparaît plus tardivement, l’inflammation et le stress oxydant sont diminués. Le gène Ucp2 s’exprime également dans diverses régions du système nerveux central. Ces observations nous ont conduit à étudier la réactivité des souris Ucp2-/- en réponse à un stress environnemental, reproduit expérimentalement par la disruption sociale. Les résultats montrent un état d’anxiété plus grand chez la souris Ucp2-/-. Enfin, l’étude d’UCP2 au cours de l’anesthésie montre que son expression est augmentée par différents produits anesthésiques. Par ailleurs, la délétion du gène entraîne un phénotype d’hyperactivité locomotrice.
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Brondani, Letícia de Almeida. "Polimorfismo -3826A/G no gene UCP1 : investigação de sua possível associação com retinopatia diabética em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e de seu efeito na expressão da UCP1 na retina." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/32860.
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Está bem definido que fatores genéticos têm um papel importante no desenvolvimento do diabetes mellitus (DM) e de suas complicações crônicas. Sendo assim, grandes esforços têm sido feitos para se identificar os genes associados com estas doenças. A proteína desacopladora 1 (UCP1), principalmente expressa no tecido adiposo marrom, desacopla a oxidação dos substratos da síntese de ATP pela ATPsintase, dessa forma, dissipando o potencial de membrana e, consequentemente, diminuindo a produção de ATP pela cadeia respiratória mitocondrial. Esse desacoplamento então leva à regulação do gasto energético, à termogênese e à proteção contra o estresse oxidativo. Um dos principais mecanismos pelo qual a hiperglicemia leva ao aparecimento das complicações crônicas do DM, como a retinopatia diabética (RD), é através do aumento da produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio pela mitocôndria. Portanto, é biologicamente plausível que o polimorfismo -3826A/G localizado na região promotora do gene UCP1 possa estar associado com a RD em pacientes com DM. No presente estudo, através de um delineamento de caso-controle, investigamos se o polimorfismo -3826A/G no gene UCP1 está associado à RD em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Além disso, em um estudo transversal realizado em doadores de córnea, avaliamos se a UCP1 está expressa na retina humana e se o polimorfismo -3826A/G modifica a sua expressão nesse tecido. Também avaliamos a expressão do gene MnSOD2, o qual codifica uma importante enzima antioxidante, de acordo com os diferentes genótipos do polimorfismo -3826A/G. No estudo de caso-controle, as frequências do polimorfismo -3826A/G foram avaliadas em 257 pacientes com DM1 diferenciados de acordo com a presença de RD (154 casos com RD e 103 controles sem RD). O estudo transversal incluiu 166 doadores cadavéricos de córneas. Em um subgrupo de 107 amostras de retina diferenciadas de acordo com a presença do alelo de risco do polimorfismo estudado, as concentrações dos mRNAs de UCP1 e MnSOD2 foram avaliadas pela técnica de PCR em tempo real. O alelo G do polimorfismo -3826A/G foi mais frequente em pacientes com RD do que em pacientes sem esta complicação (41,0% vs. 31,0%; P = 0,029). O genótipo G/G foi associado a um risco aumentado para RD, após o ajuste para idade, presença de hipertensão arterial e níveis de creatinina sérica (Razão de Chances = 3,503, IC 95% 1,04 – 11,80; P = 0,043). Nossos dados mostram pela primeira vez a expressão do mRNA de UCP1 na retina humana (0,93 ± 1,35 n fold). Além disso, os portadores do alelo G apresentaram uma maior expressão gênica de UCP1 do que os portadores do genótipo A/A (1,10 ± 1,50 vs. 0,51 ± 0,99 n fold; P = 0,034). Interessantemente, os portadores do alelo G também apresentaram uma expressão gênica aumentada de MnSOD2 (P = 0,031). Adicionalmente, as concentrações de UCP1 e de MnSOD2 na retina se correlacionaram positivamente (r = 0,29, P = 0,015). Em conclusão, nossos resultados mostram uma associação independente do polimorfismo -3826A/G com a RD em pacientes com DM1. Esse estudo é o primeiro a relatar que a UCP1 está expressa na retina humana e que o polimorfismo -3826A/G influencia a sua expressão nesse tecido. Possivelmente, a expressão de MnSOD2 influencia o efeito da UCP1 na proteção contra o estresse oxidativo. Estudos funcionais adicionais serão necessários para avaliar qual o efeito da UCP1 na retina humana e confirmar se mudanças na expressão do gene UCP1 também ocasionam mudanças nos níveis de proteína.It is well established that genetic factors play an important role in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its chronic complications. Therefore, great efforts have been made to identify genes associated with these diseases. The uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), mainly expressed in brown adipose tissue, acts uncoupling the oxidation of substrates from ATP synthesis by ATP-synthase, thereby dissipating the membrane potential and, consequently, decreasing the ATP production by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This uncoupling then leads to the regulation of energy expenditure, thermogenesis, and protection against oxidative stress. One of the main mechanisms by which hyperglycemia leads to the development of chronic diabetic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), is through the increased production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria. Thus, it is biological plausible that the - 3826A/G polymorphism located at the promoter region of the UCP1 gene might be associated with DR in patients with DM. In this study, through a case-control design, we investigated whether the - 3826A/G polymorphism in the UCP1 gene is associated with DR in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). In addition, in a cross-sectional study performed in cornea donors, we evaluated whether the UCP1 gene is expressed in human retina, and whether the -3826A/G polymorphism modifies its expression in this tissue. We also evaluated the MnSOD2 gene expression (which is a gene that codifies an important antioxidant enzyme) according to the different genotypes of the -3826A/G polymorphism. In the case-control study, the frequencies of the -3826A/G polymorphism were evaluated in 257 patients with DM1 differentiated according to the presence of DR (154 cases with DR and 103 controls without DR). The cross-sectional study included 166 cadaveric donor corneas. In a subgroup of 107 retinal samples differentiated according to the presence of the risk allele of the analyzed polymorphism, UCP1 and MnSOD2 mRNA concentrations were evaluated by real time-PCR technique. The G allele of the -3826A/G polymorphism was more frequent in patients with DR compared to patients without this complication (41.0% vs. 31.0%; P = 0.029). The G/G genotype was associated with an increased risk to DR, after adjusting for age, arterial hypertension and serum creatinine levels (Odds Ratio = 3.503; 95% 1.04 - 11.80; P = 0.043). Our data show for the first time the UCP1 mRNA expression in human retina (1.35 ± 0.93 n fold). Moreover, G allele carriers had a higher UCP1 mRNA expression than A/A genotype carriers (1.10 ± 1.50 vs. 0.51 ± 0.99 n fold, P = 0.034). Interestingly, G allele carriers also showed an increased MnSOD2 gene expression (P = 0.031). Additionally, UCP1 and MnSOD2 concentrations in retina were positively correlated (r = 0.29, P = 0.015). In conclusion, our results show an independent association between the -3826 A/G polymorphism and DR in DM1 patients. This is the first report showing that UCP1 is expressed in human retina, and that the -3826A/G polymorphism influences its expression in this tissue. Possibly, MnSOD2 expression might influence the UCP1 effect in the protection against oxidative stress. Further functional studies will be needed to evaluate the effect of UCP1 in human retina, and to confirm that changes in the UCP1 gene expression also cause changes in protein levels.
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Ryan, Orna. "Modularisation at UCD : an exploration of governance in higher education." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5795.
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Rizvi and Lingard (2010) suggest that there have been shifts in the development and institutional implementation of education policies, as the values promoted by national systems of education are not just established by the policy actors within the nation state but forged through transnational and global entities. In current studies, there are a number of reductionist accounts of global effects on education policy which do not take account of historical context. Drawing on the policy sociology literature, this thesis empirically investigates the policy process at University College Dublin when it modularised its undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. It reviews how supranational processes (including European integration and the work of the OECD) and policy making affected UCD's institutional dynamics and policy production during this process. In documenting and analysing the production of this institutional education policy, evidence suggests that policy is shaped predominantly by local policy actors and global influences situated outside of the nation-state. To explore the influence of macro factors on this policy process, UCD provides an outward-focused case study into this policy process at a micro level. Insight into this process is evidenced by collecting data through textual analysis of policy documents and semi-structured interviewing of 23 key policy actors at UCD and other influential policy agencies. To investigate the ‘black box’ by which power is exerted in this policy process, Bourdieu’s theoretical tools are utilised. Bourdieu’s ‘conceptual triad’ is pervasive in the education policy literature, clarifying why some of these policy practices remain national and localised within the global policy field. The study evidences the effects of globalisation manifest in UCD’s modular policy which responded to both internally generated reform and agencies external to the state. The pursuit and implementation of this policy demonstrates the capacity of non-national political structures, e.g. the EUA, OECD, and Bologna Process, to shape not only national policy (Henry et al., 2001) but also institutional governance and policy. The manifestation of these structures also provide confirmation of governance without government (Rosenau, 1992). This study sustains the suggestion of a global policy field (Lingard, et al., 2005) and demonstrates a resultant reconstitution of the local education policy field.
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Pecqueur-Hellman, Claire. "Une nouvelle protéine découplant mitochondriale UCP2 : le gène, la protéine et ses rôles physiologiques." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T047.
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La protéine découplante UCP2 est une protéine mitochondriale exprimée dans de nombreux tissus. Les variations du niveau d'expression de l'ARNm UCP2 observées dans certaines situations physiologiques suggéraient l'existence d'une régulation transcriptionnelle. Le clonage du gène humain a permis de mettre en évidence un promoteur riche en bases GC, ne comportant ni boîte TATA, ni boîte CAAT. Des transfections transitoires dans une lignée d'adipocytes bruns avec des constructions CAT ont permis de mettre en évidence une activité promotrice relativement forte. La mise en évidence d'une ORF1 dans la région 5' non codante a remis en cause la traduction de la phase de lecture codant la protéine UCP2. Cependant, cette ORFl n'a aucun effet sur l'efficacité de traduction de la protéine UCP2 dans des lysats de réticulocytes. Ces résultats n'ont pas pu être confirmés in vivo étant donné les résultats peu convaincants obtenus avec les anticorps anti-UCP2 disponibles à l'époque. La caractérisation de ces anticorps a constitué la première étape de l'étude immunologique de la protéine UCP2. L'immunoprécipitation des protéines mitochondriales détectées par les anticorps n'a pas permis leur identification. Cependant, l'invalidation du gène Ucp2, réalisée en parallèle, a fourni d'excellents témoins négatifs. Aucun des anticorps disponibles ne s'est avéré capable de détecter la protéine in vivo. Ces résultats incitèrent le laboratoire à produire un anticorps dirigé contre la protéine entière susceptible d'être plus sensible. La purification de la protéine puis l'obtention d'anticorps très sensible révéla la présence de la protéine dans la rate, le poumon, l'estomac et le tissu adipeux blanc. Cet anticorps a aussi permis de montrer une induction de l'expression de la protéine UCP2 dans les mitochondries d'estomac de souris à jeûn et dans les mitochondries de poumon de souris injectées au LPS. De manière surprenante, les variations d'expression de la protéine ne sont pas corrélées à des variations d'expression de l'ARNm. Des transfections transitoires dans des cellules COS ont montré que la traductibilité de la protéine UCP2 est nettement favorisée en absence de l'ORFl. Parallèlement, les souris Ucp2(-/-) ont été étudiées. Ces souris ne sont pas obèses et n'ont présenté aucun défaut de thermogenèse. Cependant, elles survivent à une infection par le toxoplasme contrairement aux souris contrôles. Ces résultats mettent en évidence un rôle relativement inattendu d'UCP2 dans la réponse immunitaire. Un rôle d'UCP2 associé à une production de ROS a ensuite été montréThe mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2 is widely expressed in various tissues. The analysis of variations of the mRNA level in different physiological situations suggested a transcriptional regulation of the Ucp2 gene. The cloning and sequencing of the human gene showed a GC rich promoter. Transfections of CAT-constructs in an adpocyte cell line showed a strong promoter activity. An ORFl, non-related tu UCP2, was detected in the exon 2. Nevertheless, the translation of UCP2 protein was not altered by the presence of the upstream ORFl in reticulocyte lysate. In order to study further the regulation of UCP2 protein synthesis in vivo reliable antibodies had to be generated. Characterization of anti-UCP2 antibodies commercially available showed that ail antibodies detected UCP2 when expressed in heterologous system, but not in vivo. Those antibodies revealed a pattern of proteins from control mice mitochondria that was identical to the one from Ucp2-deficient mice mitochondria. Expression of the whole UCP2 protein in Escherichia coli followed by its purification was carried out. The purified protein was injected into rabbits, antibodies were obtained and were purified with by affinity chromatography. One antiserum was highly sensitive and detected UCP2 in spleen, lung, stomach and white adipose tissue whereas no band was observed in tissues mitochondria from Ucp2-deficient mice. Expression of UCP2 protein was studied on mitochondria from starved mice or mice injected with LPS, physiological situations known to trigger an oxidative stress. Increased of UCP2 protein level, not associated with variation of the mRNA level, was observed in stomach and Jung. A marked translational regulation was shown linked to the presence or the absence of the upstream ORF1. In other experiments, Ucp2-deficient mice were studied. These mice exhibit neither thermogenesis defect nor obesity phenotype but are completely resistant to infection with Toxoplasma Gondii, in contrast to the wild-type littermate which survive. Further analysis revealed that the absence of UCP2 increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophage which confirm the hypothesis that a mild mitochondrial uncoupling prevent the production of ROS
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Ana, Yuliana. "Study on the regulatory mechanism for Uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in beige adipocytes." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244554.
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Monteiro, Tatiana Cavalcanti. "Pontos de caso de uso técnicos (TUCP) : uma extensão da UCP." Universidade de Fortaleza, 2005. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/69800.
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Previous issue date: 2005-08-05The software engineering argues the implantation of activities of size estimates, effort, period and cost, as forms of improving the software projects planning and tracking. In spite of there being several techniques of estimates, the use of the same ones in software companies is not still such a common practice. The technique UCP (Use Case Points), for instance, it is adherent to object-oriented software products and based on use cases. However, they have been finding some situations where there are difficulties of obtaining resulted fully satisfactory when using the UCP. This work presents an extension of the technique UCP that is TUCP (Technical Use Case Points) being looked for a calculation more refined for the projects effort. Besides, TUCP allows a more detailed vision of estimates in the main stages of the software cycle life, making possible the accomplishment of refinements of those estimates for an accompaniment more effective of the project.
A engenharia de software recomenda a implantação de atividades de estimativas de tamanho, esforço, prazo e custo, como formas de melhorar o planejamento e o acompanhamento de projetos de software. Apesar de haver várias técnicas de estimativas, a utilização das mesmas em empresas de software ainda não é uma prática tão comum. A técnica UCP (Pontos de Caso de Uso), por exemplo, é aderente a produtos de software orientados a objetos e baseados em casos de uso. No entanto, têm-se encontrado algumas situações, onde há dificuldades de se obter resultados plenamente satisfatórios ao se utilizar a UCP. Este trabalho apresenta uma extensão da técnica UCP a TUCP (Pontos de Caso de Uso Técnico) buscando-se um cálculo mais acurado para o esforço de projetos. Além disso, a TUCP permite uma visão mais detalhada de estimativas nas principais etapas do ciclo de vida do software, possibilitando a realização de refinamentos dessas estimativas para um acompanhamento mais efetivo do projeto.
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Cristina, Lapenda Lins Jeanne. "Produção e caracterização de prodigiosina isolada de Serratia marcescens UCP 1549." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1725.
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Previous issue date: 2010Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Prodigiosinas é uma família de pigmentos naturais, de cor vermelha caracterizado por um esqueleto comum pirrolilpirrometano, produzido por várias bactérias, porém primeiro produzido por Serratia marcescens. Este pigmento é uma droga promissora, devido às suas características de atividade antifúngica, imunossupressores e antiproliferativa. As condições ótimas para o aumento do crescimento em S. marcescens está relacionada ao aumento da produção do pigmento, sob o ponto de vista industrial. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados os meios convencionais Peptona glicerol e Manitol, bem como os meios alternativos, Caldo de arroz, de gergelim e de amendoim, visando à produção de prodigiosina pela bactéria isolada do solo semi-árido, Serratia marcescens UCP 1549, utilizando fermentação em estado sólido, a 280 C, durante 48 horas de cultivo. A produção da prodigiosina foi observada nos meios convencionais, principalmente meio Manitol, sendo obtidos 1,2g/g de biomassa, porém não foi detectada nos meios alternativos. O pigmento foi purificado por cromatografia de exclusão, empregando-se Sephadex LH-20, obtendo-se 96 frações que foram reunidas, sendo caracterizada por espectrofotometria e espectrometria de massa (GC-MS), sendo sugerido ser Undecilprodigiosina. Estudos foram realizados com a atividade citotóxica para Artemia salina demonstrando uma CL50 de 78,33μg/mL. A fitoxidade para sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa) e pimentão (Capsicum annuum) com inibição da germinação das sementes a partir de concentrações superiores a 40μg/mL, representando mais de 50% de inibição. Os resultados obtidos sugerem alto potencial biotecnológico na produção de Undecilprodigiosina pela nova linhagem de S. marcescens UCP 1549, como também indica como promissores os resultados com o meio Manitol em estado sólido, os processos de extração e purificação do pigmento
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Espinoza, Jorge, Pamela Loarte, Carlos Espinoza, Freddy Paz, and Juan Arenas. "A new software development model: Innovation through mobile application with UCD." Springer Verlag, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624691.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Pursuit of innovation projects with the absent of a methodology to follow hampers the development of the software product as its complexity grows since the freedom of its own advancement is confused with the lack of order on it. Traditional and agile methodologies do not adapt to this kind of projects therefore, in this paper we aim to design a model that incorporates characteristics of both of them to get a solution of a need found in society. In this study, we focus on the construction of a mobile application that answer to the lack of a system that integrates pharmaceutical products from different establishment through the appliance of usability concept with the UCD (User centered design) approach. In this case we only detail about four of the seven stages proposed in the model developed with its techniques, tools and activities conducted. Results obtained show that the model proposed achieve the expectative and its use is not limited to just mobile applications but to any kind of software project.
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Varatharajah, Thujeepan. "Integrating UCD with Agile Methods : From the perspective of UX-Designers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262705.
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With the increasing popularity of Agile methods in software development projects, an emerging question is how Agile incorporates user needs to their process – which is the staple of User Centered Design (UCD). Existing reports indicate that integrating Agile and UCD has shown to improve the process and end product and that they are a natural fit. However, there is also a general lack of guidelines of how an effective integration may be done, and further research is requested. This study aims to provide that by portraying some aspects of how Agile and UCD may be integrated in practice, but also some factors that may affect such an integration. This is done through an empirical study, by gaining insights from the perspective of UX-designers who are part of Scrum teams. TenUX-designers took part in semi-structured interviews, and based on a thematic analysis, results are portrayed in terms of suggested factors to consider when integrating Agile and UCD methods.Samtidigt som Agila metoder ökar i popularitet inom mjukvaruutvecklingsprojekt, så uppstår även frågan om hur Agilt arbete integrerar användarcentrerade krav i sin process ett område som är i fokus inom Användarcentrerad Design (ACD). Tillgängliga rapporter indikerar på att integrationen av Agilt och ACD har givit förbättrade processer och slutprodukt, samt att båda processer är kompatibla med varandra. Det anses dock finnas en brist på riktlinjer i hur man kan integrera båda processer, och det efterfrågas vidare studier i ämnet. Denna studie ämnar till att erbjuda just detta genom att presentera några faktorer av hur Agilt och ACD kan integreras i praktiken, men också exempel på faktorer som kan påverka hur väl integration lyckas. Detta tas fram genom en empirisk studie, genom att ta del av insikter från UX-designers som jobbar i olika Scrum projekt. Tio UX-designers deltog i semistrukturerade intervjuer, och baserat på en tematisk analys så presenteras resultat i form av föreslagna faktorer att ta del av när man vill integrera Agila och ACD metoder.
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Emre, Yalin. "Influence de la protéine découplante mitochondriale UCP2 sur la signalisation et le métabolisme des macrophages." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00182672.
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La protéine UCP2 (UnCoupling Protein 2) appartient à la famille des transporteurs de la membrane interne de la mitochondrie. Son expression est restreinte à certains tissus comme la rate, l'estomac ou l'intestin. Au niveau cellulaire, UCP2 est particulièrement présente dans les macrophages où elle régule la production de radicaux libres (ROS). L'analyse des souris Ucp2-KO a montré qu'elles survivent mieux à une infection par le parasite Toxoplasma gondii que les animaux sauvages grâce à des macrophages superactifs en terme de production de ROS. Par ailleurs, dans le modèle murin de l'athérosclérose humaine, les souris Ucp2-KO développent des plaques athéromateuses plus instables et plus larges, présentant une forte accumulation de macrophages et des dégats importants liés au monoxyde d'azote (NO). Au cours de ma thèse, nous avons cherché à approfondir les connaissances sur le rôle physiologique d'UCP2 ainsi que sur son activité biochimique.
Nous avons démontré que la diminution rapide d'UCP2 en réponse au LPS potentialise l'activation des MAPK dans les macrophages. La mitochondrie via UCP2 est ainsi au coeur d'une boucle d'amplification du signal impliquant la modulation des ROS mitochondriaux. Par conséquent, la signalisation et la vitesse d'activation des macrophages Ucp2-KO est accélérée, conduisant à une production accrue de NO et de cytokines.
La pertinance de ces résultats a ensuite été testée in vivo avec un volet infection et un volet auto-immunité. L'infection des souris par la bactérie Listeria monocytogenes a révélé une meilleure résistance des souris Ucp2-KO. Une production accrue de cytokines pro-inflammatoires chez les souris Ucp2-KO ainsi qu'un recrutement plus important de phagocytes au niveau de leur rate soulignent le rôle régulateur d'UCP2 sur l'immunité innée. En ce qui concerne, l'auto-immunité, l'induction expérimentale d'un diabète de type 1 est nettement accélérée chez les souris Ucp2-KO. L'analyse de ces souris montrent un rôle capital des macrophages dans le développement de la maladie grâce à leur forte capacité de production de cytokines et de NO.
L'activité biochimique d'UCP2, c'est-à-dire son activité de transport, a également été abordée. La glutamine est un inducteur spécifique de l'expression d'UCP2. Par conséquent, la comparaison du métabolisme de la glutamine dans les macrophages Ucp2-KO et Ucp2-WT a démontré que l'expression d'UCP2 est requise pour une oxydation correcte de la glutamine.
Enfin, grâce à la disponibilité de génomes complets de nombreuses espèces, l'étude phylogénomique des UCP a permis de tracer une histoire de l'évolution des UCP de mammifères et aviaire.
Nos études ont mis en évidence la participation d'UCP2 au métabolisme des macrophages. L'altération de celui-ci influe sur la signalisation et l'activité des cellules. Une meilleure compréhension de la fonction d'UCP2 et du métabolisme des cellules immunitaires pourrait ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques.
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Siepen, Maria [Verfasser]. "Die Bedeutung des mitochondrialen Proteins UCP2 in der Ausbildung eines Myokardinfarktes im Mausmodell / Maria Siepen." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079848118/34.
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Silva, Diana Perin da. "Efeitos do polimorfismo -866g/a no gene ucp2 sobre respostas metabólicas agudas ao exercício aeróbio." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/85186.
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Proteínas desacopladoras (UCPs) estão presentes na membrana mitocondrial interna e por meio do transporte de prótons do espaço intermembranas para a matriz mitocondrial desacoplam a oxidação dos substratos da síntese de ATP, dissipando a energia do potencial de membrana e, conseqüentemente, diminuindo a produção de ATP pela cadeia respiratória mitocondrial. O aumento na expressão de UCP2 está relacionado com um risco diminuído de obesidade e risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de diabetes melito. O polimorfismo - 866G/A na região promotora do gene da UCP2 está associado a um aumento da expressão do RNAm desta proteína. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o envolvimento do polimorfismo -866G/A no gene UCP2 nas respostas metabólicas ao exercício e na taxa metabólica basal em jovens saudáveis. Foram recrutados 27 homens com idades entre 20 e 35 anos, sem histórico de doenças e sem uso de medicamentos, eutróficos e que não estivessem envolvidos em nenhum tipo de treinamento físico. Os indivíduos foram alocados intencionalmente em três diferentes grupos, de acordo com o genótipo para o polimorfismo em questão: A/A(n=9), A/G (n=10) e G/G (n=8). Todos os indivíduos foram submetidos a uma análise de taxa metabólica basal e após uma refeição padrão realizavam 30 minutos de corrida em esteira em intensidade equivalente a 10% abaixo do 2º limiar ventilatório. Em jejum, antes do exercício, logo após realização do exercício, uma hora após e duas horas após o exercício foram realizadas coletas de sangue para a verificação do comportamento das concentrações de glicose, insulina e perfil lipídico. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre as respostas dos três grupos. Este estudo concluiu que isoladamente o polimorfismo -866G/A não exerce influência sobre a TMB e respostas de glicose, insulina e perfil lipídico ao exercício em jovens saudáveis.Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and through the transport of protons from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix to uncouple oxidation of substrates for ATP synthesis, dissipating the energy of the membrane potential and, consequently, decreasing the production of ATP by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The increased expression of UCP2 is associated with a decreased risk of obesity and increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The polymorphism -866G/A in the promoter region of the UCP2 gene is associated with an increased mRNA expression of this protein. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of the polymorphism -866G/A UCP2 gene in the metabolic responses to exercise and basal metabolic rate (BMR) in healthy young adults. We recruited 27 men aged between 20 and 35 years without history of disease and drug treatment, eutrophic and that were not involved in any type of physical training. The individuals were placed intentionally in three different groups according to genotype for the polymorphism related above: A/A (n=9), A/G (n=10) and G/G (n=8). All subjects underwent an analysis of BMR and after a standard meal performed 30 minutes of treadmill running at an intensity equivalent to 10% below the 2nd ventilatory threshold. Fasting, before exercise, immediately after exercise, after one hour and two hours after exercise, blood samples were collected to verify the behavior of glucose, insulin and lipid profile. No differences were found between the responses of the three groups. This study concluded that the polymorphism -866G/A in an isolated way does not influence BMR and responses of glucose, insulin and lipid profile over exercise in young healthy men.
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FLEURY, CHRISTOPHE. "Etude fonctionnelle des proteines decouplantes mitochondriales (ucps) par expression heterologue dans la levure saccharomyces cerevisiae." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112237.
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La proteine ucp1 (uncoupling protein-1) est un transporteur dans la membrane interne mitochondriale, specifique des adipocytes bruns thermogeniques. Ucp1 permet la rentree des protons dans la matrice mitochondriale et dissipe le gradient de protons genere par la chaine respiratoire. L'energie liberee par ce decouplage entre la respiration cellulaire et la phosphorylation de l'atp est dissipee sous forme de chaleur. Cette activite decouplante est inhibee par les nucleotides et activee par les acides gras libres. L'etude fonctionnelle d'ucp1 par expression heterologue dans la levure saccharomyces cerevisi a necessite la mise au point de techniques et protocoles, notamment de nouveaux outils (mutagenese, banque d'expression, cytometrie de flux). L'analyse de nombreux mutants a permis de mieux comprendre les relations entre la structure, la fonction d'ucp1 et les regulations de son activite. Nous avons ete conduits a postuler l'existence de nouveaux genes codant des proteines tres semblables a l'ucp1 de tissu adipeux brun. De nouveaux genes ont ete mis en evidence chez les mammiferes : - le gene ucp2, exprime dans de nombreux types cellulaires. - le gene ucp3, exprime principalement dans les muscles. - le gene ucp4, exprime preferentiellement dans le cerveau. Un gene homologue aux ucps de mammiferes a egalement ete identifie chez la pomme de terre (stucp) et arabidopsis thaliana (atucp). La constitution d'une famille de proteines decouplantes au sein de la superfamille des transporteurs mitochondriaux suggere que le decouplage des mitochondries doit revetir une importance physiologique et incite a reexaminer les mecanismes moleculaires de la thermogenese. La production de chaleur par tous les types de cellules est liee a un couplage imparfait de la respiration a la synthese d'atp. Les ucps sont donc de bon candidats pour expliquer les fuites de protons dans la membrane interne des mitochondries.
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Hurtaud, Corinne. "Contrôle de la traduction d' UCP2 : mise en évidence d' une régulation par la glutamine." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077100.
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Ozcelik, Ozgur. "A mechanics-based virtual model of NEES-UCSD shake table theoretical development and experimental validation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3320217.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 22, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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MILANESI, SILVIA. "IL GRUPPO LOMBARDO DELL'UNIONE CRISTIANA IMPRENDITORI DIRIGENTI (UCID), DALLA FONDAZIONE (1945) AI PRIMI ANNI '70." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/61870.
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Il Gruppo Lombardo dell’UCID fu costituito a Milano l’11 maggio 1945 per iniziativa di uomini provenienti dall’ambiente dell’Azione Cattolica, del SEDAS e dell’ICAS, nonché importanti esponenti dell’imprenditoria, del management e del mondo bancario lombardo e milanese del tempo. Scopo primo dell’Associazione era “formare gli aderenti ai principi della morale professionale e […] promuovere l’attuazione del pensiero sociale nel campo dell’industria e del lavoro”. Il Gruppo Lombardo è stato studiato con riferimento al periodo compreso tra la sua costituzione e la fine degli anni Sessanta/primi Settanta. In particolare, data l’importanza attribuita già da Statuto all’attività di formazione, ci si è concentrati sulla sua proposta formativa, sia da un punto di vista religioso e morale che tecnico e con riferimento a tematiche economiche, politiche, sociali o connesse all’attualità del tempo. Infine, si è presa in esame anche l’esperienza del Segretariato UCID di Servizio sociale e delle assistenti sociali collocate tramite tale ufficio presso diverse sedi della Giovanni Bassetti S.p.A.The Gruppo Lombardo had been founded in Milan on 11th May 1945 by a group of people belonging to the Italian Catholic Action or to other Catholic bodies and that were, at the same time, important Lombard entrepreneurs, managers or bankers. The Association’s main aim was to spread among its members the knowledge of the principles of the Catholic social doctrine and to encourage their use in everyday working life. The Gruppo Lombardo was studied from its foundation up to the late 1960s/early 1970s. More precisely, because of the importance given by the Association to training and education, we focused on its initiatives in these fields; moreover, we examined also the case of the Segretariato UCID di Servizio sociale and of social workers belonging to this office but working for Giovanni Bassetti S. p. A.
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MILANESI, SILVIA. "IL GRUPPO LOMBARDO DELL'UNIONE CRISTIANA IMPRENDITORI DIRIGENTI (UCID), DALLA FONDAZIONE (1945) AI PRIMI ANNI '70." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/61870.
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Il Gruppo Lombardo dell’UCID fu costituito a Milano l’11 maggio 1945 per iniziativa di uomini provenienti dall’ambiente dell’Azione Cattolica, del SEDAS e dell’ICAS, nonché importanti esponenti dell’imprenditoria, del management e del mondo bancario lombardo e milanese del tempo. Scopo primo dell’Associazione era “formare gli aderenti ai principi della morale professionale e […] promuovere l’attuazione del pensiero sociale nel campo dell’industria e del lavoro”. Il Gruppo Lombardo è stato studiato con riferimento al periodo compreso tra la sua costituzione e la fine degli anni Sessanta/primi Settanta. In particolare, data l’importanza attribuita già da Statuto all’attività di formazione, ci si è concentrati sulla sua proposta formativa, sia da un punto di vista religioso e morale che tecnico e con riferimento a tematiche economiche, politiche, sociali o connesse all’attualità del tempo. Infine, si è presa in esame anche l’esperienza del Segretariato UCID di Servizio sociale e delle assistenti sociali collocate tramite tale ufficio presso diverse sedi della Giovanni Bassetti S.p.A.The Gruppo Lombardo had been founded in Milan on 11th May 1945 by a group of people belonging to the Italian Catholic Action or to other Catholic bodies and that were, at the same time, important Lombard entrepreneurs, managers or bankers. The Association’s main aim was to spread among its members the knowledge of the principles of the Catholic social doctrine and to encourage their use in everyday working life. The Gruppo Lombardo was studied from its foundation up to the late 1960s/early 1970s. More precisely, because of the importance given by the Association to training and education, we focused on its initiatives in these fields; moreover, we examined also the case of the Segretariato UCID di Servizio sociale and of social workers belonging to this office but working for Giovanni Bassetti S. p. A.