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Lam, Kwai-chun Jenny. "Transition to parenthood : the role of expectation /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13990925.
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Mrayan, Lina. "Exploring the transition to parenthood in Jordan." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547428.
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Lam, Kwai-chun Jenny, and 林貴珍. "Transition to parenthood: the role of expectation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249802.
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Brennan, Jessica. "Becoming a mother : the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/67724/.
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The relationship between mother and child has been one of interest to attachment theorists who have studied this relationship following Bowlby’s (1969/1982) proposition that children are attached to their mother. They suggest that their mother is guided by a caregiving behavioural system to provide care and protection to her child. It has been proposed that this system develops throughout life, reaching a peak in its maturity during pregnancy and the transition to motherhood, however the ontology of this system has not previously been studied. Other researchers have proposed that the relationship during pregnancy is reflective of the mother being attached to her foetus. Although many researchers have studied the relationship between mother and foetus and mother and child, very few have looked at these constructs together. This thesis aims to draw together the differing methodologies to provide a better understanding of what impacts a mother’s transition to parenthood and her relationship with her child. The findings of a total of 6 studies will be discussed. First, this research found that the antenatal relationship between a mother and her foetus is best explained as a caregiving relationship rather than as an attachment relationship. Additionally, maternal relationships with partners were important factors in the women’s transition to motherhood – high relationship satisfaction and providing responsive care to partners 1 year after giving birth were significantly associated with lower parenting stress. Finally, a small longitudinal sample from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy until the children were 1 year old is presented. Overall, these results indicate that the development of the caregiving behavioural system merits further study, as it does seem to be related to antenatal relationships, which may impact infant attachment security.
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Ross, Michael Killoran. "Promoting the transition to parenthood : the effects of anticipatory guidance on the transition to parenthood among first time parents." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6896/.
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In an attempt to promote the psychological well-being of new parents during he transition to parenthood, the "Promoting Parenthood Project" was established in Ayrshire and Arran, Scotland. Models of Anticipatory Guidance (defined by three inter-related activities including the provision of factual information, the anticipation of common psychological reactions to pregnancy, birth and early parenting and the mobilisation of coping resources) were examined in a comparative outcome study based within the context of existing local NHS ante-natal education provision. Significant differences were observed among the entire sample over time which supported earlier findings reported in the transition to parenthood literature. Specifically, findings corroborated earlier evidence suggesting that new parents experience a statistically significant decline in relationship satisfaction (as defined in this study by decreasing affectional expression) and that maximal relationship dissatisfaction appears to occur within the first three post-natal months. Interestingly, although gender differences were observed on measures of individual psychological well-being, relationship-based gender differences (with women experiencing significantly greater relationship dissatisfaction/greater dissatisfaction with partner's instrumental role performance than men) were not observed. Reasons for the findings obtained in the study were explored and future research options were discussed. The study raised substantive issues for future transition to parenthood research (including issues in changing cultural understandings of gender and parenthood), mental health promotion theory (including issues in the role of mental health promotion in the context of normative life-events) and practice-based issues for Midwifery and Clinical Psychology in the current NHS. Each of these issues was considered in detail.
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Parr, Meriel A. "Support for couples in the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of East London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360896.
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Factors influencing adjustments in the transition to parenthood are identified and strategies for support in Britain and the USA are reviewed through participant-observation of 20 USA programmes (N=94 parents). A longitudinal British study, using a wide range of self report measures and in-depth interviews at three time points (1) examined key features of the transition to parenthood for a low risk sample of women (N=106) and men (N=106), and compared adjustments of 52 couples who participated in a new support programme with 54 couples who did not. The programme combined a group-based and home visit model which either began in pregnancy and continued postnatally, or began postnatally. The programme focused on the psychological dimensions of the transition to parenthood, with the intersubjectivity of the couple and parent-infant relationship at the core of the integrative model. Evidence is provided that the transition to parenthood is more complex than previous studies assume. A substantial number of the "low risk" women and men appeared to experience psychological distress and the main concern of women and men were different from the agenda of hospital based antenatal classes. A number of gender differences were found but partners were the main source of support for women and men. Women and men in the support group were comfortable to disclose explicit details about their experiences. At 6 months postnatally, their adjustments were more positive than women and men on the control for aspects of (a) confidence as a parent; (b) satisfaction with the couple relationship ; (c) satisfaction with the parent-infant relationship; (d) coping strategies, and (e) separation anxiety. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed.
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Fennie, Karla Mathews. "Transition to parenthood from couplehood implications for therapy /." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001fenniek.pdf.
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Alexander, Richard Pirie. "Adult attachment security and the transition to parenthood /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16334.pdf.
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Shafiei, Mehrnoush. "Conceiving Iran's future: youth and the transition to parenthood." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106310.
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Since the publication of images of Iranian students' raised angry fists storming the American embassy in 1979, the idea of Iranian youth has captured the world's imagination and has been a source of puzzlement. The children of the Iranian revolution are today old enough to have their own children. Thus, one unique and original window from which to study Iranian youth is to investigate as they undergo the significant transition from youth to parenthood. This study will be in conversation with three expecting Montreal-based Iranian couples who fall in the cohort known as "the fruit of Iran's revolution;" in other words, youth that have lived entirely under the post revolutionary regime. I will examine parenting as an imagined projection and investigate ways in which my interlocutors envision their life as a first time parent. I suggest that the institution of parenting, with its focal point in society, presents a suitable framework for disentangling the complex and elusive understanding of Iranian youth.Depuis la publication en 1979 d'images d'étudiants iraniens, en colère et les poings levés, attaquant l'ambassade américaine, la jeunesse iranienne est devenue un sujet captivant dans l'imaginaire et une source d'incertitude pour bon nombre de gens à travers le monde. Aujourd'hui, « les enfants de la révolution iranienne » sont assez âgés pour avoir leurs propres enfants. Par conséquent, un moyen unique et original d'étudier ce groupe est d'examiner sa transition de la jeunesse vers la parentalité. Cette étude se fera par le biais de conversations avec trois couples iraniens résidant à Montréal qui seront bientôt parents et qui tombent dans cette cohorte communément connue comme «le fruit de la révolution iranienne », en d'autres mots, ces jeunes qui ont vécu toute leur vie sous le régime postrévolutionnaire. Je regarderai la parentalité en tant que projection imaginaire et étudierai comment mes interlocuteurs envisagent de mener leurs nouvelles vies de parents. Je propose de regarder la parentalité, avec la société comme toile de fond, comme un cadre adéquat pour mieux saisir la jeunesse iranienne, sujet complexe et souvent insaisissable.
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Goodenough, Trudy A. "Midwives and mothers' perceptions of the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357090.
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Sabil, Ezdani Khan. "Childhood neighborhood and the transition to parenthood in Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-159724.
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This thesis is exploring the association between childhood neighborhood and the time of the transition to parenthood. In addition, it also explores the relationship between neighborhood and individual attitudes related to fertility behavior. For this purpose, two different datasets were combined. The Swedish Housing and Life Course Cohort Study (HOLK) was used to attain longitudinal housing data, as well as individual level attitudes and control variables for the year 2005, from birth cohorts 1964 and 1974. Neighborhood variables for the year 1990 were attained from the research project ResSegr – Residential segregation in five European countries. By using the same methods as earlier research concerning scalable neighborhoods, five different neighborhood characteristics were identified for parishes in Sweden in 1990; elite, foreign-born, low income, high employment and social assistance. These characteristics were used as independent variables in order to explore any association that might exist between neighborhood at age 16 and the transition to parenthood, using ordinal logistic, logistic and cox proportional models. The result indicated an association between neighborhood characteristic at age 16 and transition to parenthood. Where growing up in a neighborhood characterized with high income and completed tertiary education causes a delay in the timing of the transition to parenthood. Attitudes were also observed to be affected by neighborhood characteristics from age 16. Indicating neighborhood characteristics having a long-lasting effect of influencing the individuals attitude even 15-25 years later.
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Lam, Suk-fun, and 林淑芬. "'Becoming parents' : a hospital-community partnership to enhance transition to parenthood." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198850.
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In reality, couples face many challenges in the transition to parenthood. These challenges can hardly be imagined and are always beyond the couple expectations. In the transition process, three common difficulties that new parents encounter are postnatal depression, the decline of marital relationships and inadequate parenting competence.
This study aimed to implement and evaluate the ‘Becoming Parents’ programme for a cohort of Chinese new parents using a cluster randomized controlled trial. 138 couples were recruited to the intervention group and 150 couples to the control group. The attrition rate in intervention and control groups was around 12.3% and 3-4%, respectively, by three months post-delivery. Couples in the intervention group were invited to join the ‘Becoming Parents’ programme that consisted of two phases. Phase one consisted of three antenatal sessions which focused on enhancing their communication skills and baby caring skills. Phase two provided social support to new parents from trained volunteers for up to three months post-delivery.
The mixed linear analysis method with the intention-to-treat principle was used to evaluate the intervention effects. The couples’ postnatal depressive symptoms, marital satisfaction and parenting competence scores at three time-points, 20-24 weeks of gestation, 30-34 weeks of gestation and three months post-delivery, were collected and analyzed. After three months post-delivery, there were no intervention effects on minimizing postnatal depressive symptoms in the women (mean difference -7.51, CI -1.49 to 0.01, p=0.48) and men’s groups (mean difference -0.32, CI -0.65 to 0.58, p=0.91). There was no effect on sustaining marital satisfaction in the women’s group (mean difference 0.39, CI -1.99 to 2.77 p=0.74); however a mild effect was noted in the men’s group (mean difference -0.65 CI, -2.97 to 1.66, p=0.57) but it was not significant. There was no effect on parenting competence among either women (mean difference 1.1, CI -0.37 to 2.58, p=0.14) or men’s groups (mean difference 0.05, CI -1.42 to 1.54, p=0.93), although no significant was noted. In addition, the study found that women with no family support had a higher mean depression score (6.0, CI 1.64-10.35, p>0.5) than women cared for by four people (0.5, CI -3.86 to 4.86, p>0.5). Moreover, the mean depression score of women who were taken care of by their mothers-in-law (4.16, CI 3.44 to 4.87) was higher than those taken care by their own mothers (2.71, CI 2.15 to 3.26). In general, the couples welcomed support from volunteers.
The factors affecting the intervention may be related to the difference in the women’s employment status and the social support they received, as more women in the control group were housewives and all of them had supported by at least one caregiver in the postnatal period. However, not all women in the intervention group received social support, and the number of women supported by their mothers-in-law was higher in that group.
This is the first programme to adopt non-professional mother-volunteers to support new mothers and fathers together. Both new parents and volunteers had positive perceptions towards the programme and also expressed that the project was beneficial to them.published_or_final_version
Nursing Studies
Doctoral
Doctor of Nursing
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Carhart, Kathryn. "Intergenerational transmission of relationship functioning during the transition to parenthood." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3240.
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Reimer, Judi. "A circle of life : transition from infertility to adoptive parenthood." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31450.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the experience of a couple entering parenthood through adoption, following infertility. An account of this lived experience and its personal meaning has been lacking in the writings and studies to date. This study has attempted to begin to fill the gap in the literature by using a phenomenological method of research.
Interviews were conducted with six adult co-researchers; three husband and wife couples. Each of the co-researchers had experienced infertility and the transition to parenthood through adoption, and were able to speak about it with the researcher. The transcribed data were analyzed using Colaizzi's (1978) and Cochran and Claspell's (1987) format. Twenty themes were extracted from the three protocols and fell into a natural division of three major sections; before, during, and after the adoption. Themes such as trauma, crisis, and grief were reported during the experience of infertility, recurring themes of loss of control and humiliation, as well as relief and gratitude were experienced during the adoption, and themes of excitement, adjustment and personal growth were reported after the adoption, in the transition to parenthood. The themes were woven into a common narrative and were returned to the co-researchers for validation.
The infertility and adoption experiences of the couples in this study were found to be highly meaningful to the co-researchers and reportedly had a profound impact on their lives. Implications for counselling and for further research were included in the discussion.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Kim, Sujee. "Developmental Changes of Emerging Adult Couples during Transition to Parenthood." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338394447.
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Bower, Daniel J. "Personality, Attachment, and Relationship Conflict Across the Transition to Parenthood." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343309043.
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Little, VIrginia L. "Changes in Fathers' Physical Health Across the Transition to Parenthood." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1398023910.
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Gross, Christi L. "Maternal Age and Postpartum Depression During the Transition to Parenthood." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1469719216.
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Akinyi, Lagehäll Amanda, and Elelta Yemane. "Multilevel Cox Regression of Transition to Parenthood among Ethiopian Women." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-195336.
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The birth of the first child is a special event for a mother whose life can change dramatically. In Ethiopia women’s timing to enter motherhood vary between the regions. This paper is therefore focusing on how birth cohort, education and residence affect the rate of entering motherhood for Ethiopian women in the different regions and the entire country. The dataset is extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and contains 15,019 women from 487 different households. For more accurate estimations and results, the correlation within households is taken into consideration with multilevel survival analysis. The methods used are the Cox proportional hazard model and two frailty models. The results of the paper show that women residing in rural areas have an increased rate of entering motherhood compared to those residing in urban areas, every age group older than those born 1997 to 2001 have a higher intensity to enter parenthood and those with education have a decreased intensity ratio compared to the women with no education. It also shows that there is a regional difference in the effect of the estimated ratios of the covariates. Performing the multilevel analysis only changes the estimated effects of the covariates in the cities and one region. It is concluded that the estimated intensity ratio of multilevel survival analysis only varies from the standard Cox regression when the region is heterogeneous.
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Engelhardt, Christina L. "Parenting as a choice motivational factors and changes couples experience during the transition to parenthood /." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002engelhardtc.pdf.
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Bowen, Rebecca. "Couples' co-construction of their experiences of the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of East London, 2010. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3684/.
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The literature relating to the transition to parenthood prioritises mothers' experiences over fathers'. This study recognises that most children in the UK are born into two-parent families, and that research needs to acknowledge the changing family structure, where more mothers are returning to the workplace, and more fathers are sharing childrearing responsibilities. This study therefore places the couple at the centre of the research. This study also aims to develop a deeper understanding of the more normative experiences of parenting, which are usually overlooked in the literature in favour of predicting risk factors and mediators of pathological experiences. Joint interviews were conducted with the mother and father of a child under one year's old. All participants were first time parents. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to gain an understanding of the couple's experiences of the transition to parenthood, as well as the meanings that these parents attribute to their experiences. Six couples were interviewed in order to gather detailed descriptions of the particular experience. Five themes were identified from the interviews. In brief, parents described the experience as a life changing process, with 'togetherness' within the couple being an important feature. Some parents felt unprepared and overwhelmed when the baby arrived because they were unable to comprehend the changes until they experienced parenthood. They described parenthood as being overarchingly positive, with a range of negative emotions interspersed. Contextual factors were very important during the transition process. Health and community resources were considered essential in the absence of 'hands on' extended family support. These issues have important implications for parent-infant primary care services, in particular the role of the health visitor in building on 'listening visits' to support parents through the transition.
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Flint, Daniel. "Marital Spiritual Intimacy Predicts Coparenting Processes Across The Transition To Parenthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1555079707358136.
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Gilliland, Tamara. "Marriage moments : a new approach to strengthening couples' relationships through the transition to parenthood /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2002. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd149.pdf.
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Nakayima, Dorah. "The Residential Effect on the Risk of Transition to Parenthood in Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-84464.
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This study investigates the effect of current place of residence on the transition to parenthood and the extent to which place of growing up influences childbearing decisions. It controls for the effects of demographic characteristics, economic situation and respondents’ values and attitudes on the transition to parenthood so the residential impact measured won’t be biased. We analyze data on childless persons aged 22, 26, 30 and 34 from the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS) wave 2003 enriched with register data on births for the study period 2003 to 2006. Multivariate logistic regression is the tool of analysis. We find no significant effect of place of residence on the transition to parenthood among female young adults, and only limited significant effect among men. More specifically men living in the countryside are much less likely to become fathers than are men in metropolitan areas. Contrary to place of residence, the place of growing up has significant effect on first births for both males and females. Women who grew up in the countryside or small towns have higher risk to become mothers than women who grew up in bigger cities but the reverse is significantly true for the men.
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Schmidt, Beatriz. "Coparenting across the transition to parenthood : qualitative evidence from South-Brazilian families." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165921.
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Coparenting emerges across the transition to parenthood and refers to the way individuals coordinate, support each other in their parental roles and share responsibility in childrearing. Despite the increase in research on coparenting, relatively few studies have focused on non- North American or non-European families, which has hindered practice and policy targeting diverse countries. Likewise, qualitative research on coparenting is relatively rare, yet critical to shed light on details and complexities not well captured by other methods, including insights into sociocultural factors linked to coparenting in distinct contexts. Moreover, a qualitative longitudinal approach is particularly well suited to examine important life course transitions and turning points, such as the transition to parenthood. To address these gaps, we investigated coparenting across the transition to parenthood in South-Brazilian families, using a qualitative, longitudinal, multiple case study. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 12 first-time mother and fathers (six nuclear families altogether), at 6, 12, and 18 months postpartum (36 interviews altogether). In two families only the father was employed, with the mother caring for the child; in two families both parents were employed, and they hired a nanny to care for the child in their home; and, in two families both parents were employed, and the child started attending daycare at the end of maternity leave. Through the two articles that comprise the current doctoral dissertation, we explored three components of Feinberg’s (2003) coparenting framework: division of labor (how parents divide childcare tasks and household chores, as well as their satisfaction with this division); agreement/disagreement (e.g., regarding children’s emotional needs and discipline); and, support/undermining (appreciation and cooperation, or criticism and competition). The first article is focused on the division of labor, whereas the second is focused on agreement/disagreement and support/undermining. Deductive thematic analysis revealed similarities and singularities between families. As presented in the first article, we found weaker sharing of household chores over time, against greater sharing of childcare tasks during the first few days postpartum, followed by a downward tendency in the fathers’ contributions during the first few months postpartum. This more unequal division of labor remained stable over time only for families who had chosen maternal care, changing after the end of maternity leave for families who had chosen nanny care and daycare. Parental satisfaction regarding the division of labor remained relatively high over time only for families who had chosen nanny care, which suggests that counting on a domestic worker since the beginning of the transition to parenthood contributed to preventing parental feelings of overload or unfairness across the transition to parenthood. Findings were discussed in the 10 light of the role that instrumental and social support, as well as the prevailing Brazilian gender norms, may play in the division of labor for new parents. With respect to the second article, our findings showed that agreement among parents remained relatively stable during the first year, whereas disagreements concerning discipline demanded more parental negotiation as infants advanced toward toddlerhood. Support and undermining coexisted in the same families, although mothers and fathers expressed undermining differently. Aspects of the ecological context, such as family of origin, instrumental and social support, as well as labor market, also appeared to influence coparenting agreement/disagreement and support/ undermining. Following each article, we presented strengths, limitations, suggestions for future research, as well as implications for practice (e.g., counseling) and policy (e.g., childcare arrangements and parental leave).
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Jankelson-Groll, Cheryl Maryilyn. "First time parents' perceptions of their relationship across the transition to parenthood." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12853.
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Includes bibliographical references.The transition to parenthood is a time of heightened risk for marital distress due to the changes and demands experienced by new parents. The quality of the marital relationship has an influence on child development and on adult well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the marital relationship when couples became parents._ and to understand how these changes impacted on the marital relationship. Factors that alleviated or exacerbated the negative effects of this transition on the couple relationship were identified and discussed. Data was collected from first-time parents using an exploratory qualitative method. Participants in heterosexual marriages with a baby aged between 3 months to a year were recruited, using non-probability purposive sampling, followed by snowball sampling. Nine couples were recruited through midwives and doulas in private practice and through their clients. Individual face to face interviews were conducted using an interview schedule as a guideline. The interviews were recorded electronically, transcribed and analysed following Tesch’s (2009) method of data analysis. The findings reflect high levels of overall marital satisfaction both before and after the transition to parenthood amongst many participants. At the same time, participants reported negative changes in certain aspects of their relationship. Protective and risk factors were identified for the marital relationship across the transition to parenthood. Recommendations were made to various stakeholders, as well as for future research.
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Bartholomew, Mitchell Kyle. "Expectant Fathers’ Attachment Orientation and Preparation for Parenthood." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259725662.
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Lee, Meghan. "The Big Five personality traits and maternal gatekeeping at the transition to parenthood." Connect to resource, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/45471.
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De, Goede Christine. "Family routines during the adjustment and adaptation process of the transition to parenthood." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19917.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The family life cycle perspective (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) recognises that one normative life stressor for families is the transition to parenthood. Still, the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) holds that one protective resource that could help the family in the face of a stressor is family routines. Even though the Ecological-cultural Niche Model (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) gives us some understanding of the family routine as a psychological construct, many gaps exist in the literature. The aim of this qualitative grounded theory study was to better understand family routines as a resilience resource during the transition to parenthood. This aim was broken down into five research questions: (1) What do daily routines look like in the lives of firsttime parents? (2) Why are these family routines important to first-time parents? (3) What challenges do first-time parents face in sustaining their daily routines? (4) What assists firsttime parents in maintaining their daily routines? (5) What accommodations do first-time parents make to adapt to the arrival of their first child? In terms of methodology, ten Coloured couples whose first child was between one and four years of age and who resided in one northern suburb of Cape Town took part in semi-structured interviews. In terms of research question one, the data analysis revealed that family routines look like a sequence of unfolding activities and that this sequence is situated within a temporal structure; that the specific sequence and temporal structure are designed by the family to be functional; but that there also is temporal incongruence in the sequence of routines. Related to question two, the participants felt that their routines were important because a family routine is an opportunity to spend time together, and it is an opportunity for improving child development. For question three, the data analysis revealed that the challenges first-time parents face in sustaining their routines are extra-familial and intra-familial barriers that increase the task and temporal complexity of routines. The analysis of question four revealed that what assists parents in maintaining routines are extra-familial and intra-familial resources that decrease the task and temporal complexity of routines. Lastly, themes related to research question five showed that the accommodations that parents make in routines that help them adapt are temporal accommodations and idiosyncratic accommodations. In future, researchers and theorists should not only investigate an individual family routine in isolation (e.g. just dinnertime or just bedtime), but also look at the structure of the entire daily schedule, the scheduling process, and how the functionality of this daily schedule affects the experience of individual routines. Greater emphasis should also be placed on diverse samples from many ecological and cultural contexts in order to identify more extra-familial and intra-familial barriers and resources that affect the maintenance of a satisfying daily schedule.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gesinslewensiklusraamwerk (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) beklemtoon dat een normatiewe lewenstressor vir gesinne die oorgang na ouerskap is. Tog dui die Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) aan dat gesinsroetines een bron van beskerming is wat die gesin tydens ’n groot lewensstressor kan help. Al bied die Ekologies-kulturele Nismodel (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) ons ’n sekere mate van begrip van gesinsroetine as ‘n sielkundige konstruk, is daar steeds leemtes in die literatuur. Die doel van hierdie kwalitatiewe gegronde-teorie navorsing was om beter begrip te ontwikkel van gesinsroetines as ’n veerkragtigheidsfaktor tydens die oorgang na ouerskap. Hierdie doel is in vyf navorsingsvrae verdeel: (1) Hoe lyk daaglikse gesinsroetines in die lewens van nuwe ouers? (2) Hoekom is hierdie gesinsroetines belangrik vir nuwe ouers? (3) Watter uitdagings staar nuwe ouers in die gesig wanneer hulle daaglikse roetines probeer volhou? (4) Wat help nuwe ouers om met hul daaglikse roetines vol te hou? en (5) Watter akkommodasies maak nuwe ouers om aan te pas by die koms van hul eerste kind? Wat metodologie betref het tien bruin ouerpare wat se eerste kind tussen die ouderdom van een en vier jaar was en wat in ’n noordelike voorstad van Kaapstad woon aan semigestruktureerde onderhoude deelgeneem. Wat die eerste navorsingsvraag betref, het die dataontleding onthul dat gesinsroetines ’n reeks opeenvolgende aktiwiteite is wat een na die ander ontvou. Hierdie reeks van roetines is geleë binne ’n tydsraamwerk; dit word deur die gesin ontwerp om funksioneel te wees; maar daar bestaan ook tyd-inkongruensies in die reeks roetines. In verband met vraag twee het die deelnemers gevoel roetines is belangrik omdat dit hulle die geleentheid bied om tyd saam deur te bring en dit verskaf ook ’n geleentheid om die ontwikkeling van die kind te bevorder. Op grond van die derde navorsingsvraag het die dataontleding getoon dat die uitdagings wat nuwe ouers in die gesig staar wanneer hulle probeer om hulle gesinsroetines te volhou, buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse is wat take bemoeilik en tyd-kompleksiteit verhoog. Ontledings na aanleiding van vraag vier het getoon dat dit buite-gesins en binne-gesins bronne is wat help om take makliker te maak en tydskompleksiteid te verminder sodat nuwe ouers met roetines kan volhou. Laastens, temas wat na vore gekom het na aanleiding van die vyfde navorsingsvraag toon dat dit tyd- en idiosinkratiese akkommodasies is wat ouers help om aan te pas. In die toekoms moet navorsers en teoretici nie net ‘n individuele gesinsroetine in isolasie bestudeer nie (bv. net ’n aandete-roetine of net ’n slapenstyd-roetine), maar ook kyk na die struktuur van die hele daaglikse skedule, skeduleringsprosesse, en hoe die funksionaliteit van hierdie daaglikse skedule die ervaring van individuele roetines beïnvloed. Meer klem moet ook geplaas word op steekproewe vanuit ekologies en kultureel diverse kontekste ten einde meer buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse en bronne wat die instandhouding van bevredigende skedules beïnvloed, te identifiseer. Kernwoorde: gesinsroetines, oorgang na ouerskap, gesinsveerkragtigheid, gesinslewenssiklus, Ekologies-kulturele nis.
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Padgett, Emily A. "Relational Spirituality and Trajectories of Observed Emotional Intimacy During the Transition to Parenthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1460016655.
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Fawcett, Elizabeth Brinton. "Helping with the Transition to Parenthood: An Evaluation of the Marriage Moments Program." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd412.pdf.
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Munch-, Rotolo Allison Christi. "Childrearing, social contact, and depression: A structural analysis of the transition to parenthood." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284148.
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Using a random sample of 368 parents of young children in Pima County, Arizona, this study examines the implications of childrearing for social networks. In addition to cross-sectional network data, the study includes retrospective measures of networks at two periods: just before the birth of the respondent's oldest child, and around the time of the oldest child's first birthday. These retrospective longitudinal data permit a detailed assessment of stabilities and changes in parents' social contact patterns, and a discussion of their implications. Expectant parents occupy distinct structural positions related to the timing of parenthood in the life course, relationship status, ethnicity, and gender. In the year following parenthood, many of these differences are attenuated, suggesting that parenthood is itself a unique social position that may reduce the distinguishing power of other structural parameters. But while the networks of parents are, as a whole, more similar to each other than those of expectant parents, gender differences in network characteristics appear to be somewhat enhanced over the transition to parenthood. Cross-sectional data show that involvement in the domestic sphere, rather than sex-category, is especially predictive of network structure. The patterns identified here Will lead to more precise conceptualization and measurement of gender processes, as roles in work, marriage, and parenting gain increasing flexibility.
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Petch, Jemima F., and n/a. "The Couple CARE for Parents Program: Enhancing Couple Relationships Across the Transition to Parenthood." Griffith University. School of Psychology, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070219.104652.
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Most couples eagerly anticipate the birth of their first child. However, the transition to parenthood is also associated with significant lifestyle changes and approximately 50% of couples report a moderate to severe decline in relationship satisfaction and quality. Low relationship satisfaction is associated with increased couple conflict, individual psychological distress, negative parent-child relationships and poor child outcomes. Despite our increasing knowledge of the factors that predict enhanced couple adjustment, few evidence-based programs are available to assist couples' adjustment to parenthood. In this first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a flexible delivery psycho-education program, entitled 'Couple CARE for Parents', 71 pregnant couples were assessed on self-report and observational measures of couple relationship and individual functioning and then randomized into either the Couple CARE for Parents program (n = 35) or a comparison program (n = 36). Couple CARE for Parents was a six unit program, comprising of an antenatal workshop, two home visits and three telephone support calls, and included skill-training in key relationship processes that are predictive of couple relationship quality, with the addition of parenting and baby care information. Among intervention couples the typical decline in female relationship satisfaction was prevented, with only 13% of intervention females reporting a decline in relationship satisfaction from pregnancy to 5 months postpartum, compared to 42% of females in the comparison program. Observed couple communication also improved as a result of the intervention, with Couple CARE for Parents couples showing reliably lower rates of negative speaker and listener skills at post-intervention relative to comparison couples. Couples were highly engaged in Couple CARE for Parents and there was a low drop out rate across the 7 month intervention period. These findings are promising and add to the early intervention studies showing positive effects of couple-focused psycho-education during the transition to parenthood by demonstrating that flexible delivery programs are feasible and attractive to couples. Providing cost-effective couple relationship education to expectant and new parent couples opens another window of opportunity for health professionals and governments to minimize the rates of relationship distress and divorce and their associated negative effects on individual, couple and family functioning.
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Phillips-Hing, Christine. "The transition to parenthood, relationships among adults' self-esteem, ego-resiliency and infant temperament." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/MQ51449.pdf.
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DeMarkis, Caroline F. "The relationship between prepartum expectations about the transition to parenthood and actual postpartum experiences." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040342/.
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Chu, Mai-lee Christine, and 朱美莉. "The mother-in-law and daughter-in-law relationships during the transition to parenthood." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976955.
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Millar, Neil H. "Men's possible selves and involvement in parental tasks in the transition to first parenthood." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302187.
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Foley, Sarah. "Emerging parental sensitivity : the transition to parenthood through the lens of family systems theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277738.
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Parents’ capacity to represent and sensitively respond to their children as individuals, is a particularly pertinent ability during infancy. This thesis contributes to theoretical understanding of the nature of parental sensitivity during infancy. In particular, it examined whether parental mind-mindedness and coherence, dimensions theoretically related to sensitivity, are (i) measurable during pregnancy, (ii) conceptually distinct, and (iii) meaningfully associated with observed sensitivity. Results from two studies are presented. The first, a prospective longitudinal study, involved interviews with and observations of 201 first-time parents during late pregnancy and at 4 and 14 months postpartum. Drawing on this data, I established that both expectant mothers and fathers can construct mind-minded and coherent descriptions of their unborn infants during pregnancy. However, there was no evidence that these prenatal constructs had a direct or indirect effect on parents’ sensitivity during infancy. These results were added to the second meta-analytic study that showed expectant mothers’ (but not fathers’) thoughts and feelings about their unborn infant were related to their observed parenting in the postnatal period. In line with the gendered meta-analytic results, further differences emerged between mothers’ and fathers’ talk and behaviour within the prospective longitudinal study. Specifically, mind-mindedness was more stable than sensitivity for mothers whilst the reverse was evident for fathers. Compared with mothers, fathers’ talk and behaviour was more susceptible to influence from other members of the family system. Couple relationship quality influenced both fathers’ prenatal coherence and gains in their mind-mindedness over time. Infant affective responses were also important for fathers’ mind-mindedness, whilst maternal parental efficacy alongside infants’ receptive vocabulary were associated with fathers’ sensitivity. Unexpectedly, infant gender was an important influence on parents’ behaviour: mothers’ sensitivity at 4 months appeared to stimulate fathers’ sensitivity towards their daughters at 14 months. By following both mothers and fathers and in line with family systems theory, assessing whether partners contribute to the emergence of their co-parents’ sensitivity, this thesis provides a rich portrayal of the transition to parenthood in the 21st century.
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Chu, Mai-lee Christine. "The mother-in-law and daughter-in-law relationships during the transition to parenthood." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1340944X.
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Laing, Lorraine Evalyn Morris 1943. "The transition to parenthood: A guide to emotional and relational growth for new parents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291571.
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Many experts support the need for anticipatory socialization to help new parents develop realistic expectations for the transition to parenthood. The purpose of this study was to develop a handbook to help new parents with the emotional and relational changes concurrent with the transition. Using the historical research method, the handbook was developed. Vignettes were added to illustrate the didactic material. The handbook was evaluated by new parents and professionals involved with new parent education regarding the handbook's value, clarity, length, language level, philosophy, and suggested time for distribution. Also solicited were suggestions for additions and deletions and additional comments. The conclusion was reached that the handbook seemed useful for helping new parents validate feelings and understand changes concom-itant with the transition to parenthood. Some changes in length and language will be made prior to publication. Ideas were presented for additional research and literature for the transition to parenthood.
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Hornung, Maria. "The Perception of Fairness in the Division of Labor across the Transition to Parenthood." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-162355.
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Labor division is highly gendered in Germany, especially after the transition to parenthood. When having a child, more women than men are taking parental leave, and mainly women do the additional household chores. While many studies have looked at the distribution of labor across the transition to parenthood, few studies have investigated how this distribution is perceived. This study explores the perceived fairness of the division of labor in a partnership before and after the transition to parenthood using ordinary least squares (OLS) and fixed-effects regressions. As the focus is set on Germany, the data for the analysis derive from pairfam, a German panel study launched in 2008. The results show that men’s perceived fairness of the division of labor is hardly affected by the transition to fatherhood. For women, in contrast, motherhood leads to a higher perception of fairness. Employment thereby mediates this relationship by decreasing the effect the transition to motherhood has on the fairness. The findings hint to a dissatisfaction of employed women with the distribution of paid and unpaid work after transitioning to parenthood.
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Gilliland, Tamara. "Marriage Moments: A New Approach to Strengthening Couples' Relationship Through the Transition to Parenthood." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2003. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1131.
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Strengthening marriages is important to the well-being of individuals, families and communities. The transition to parenthood brings with it particular risks and opportunities for marriage relationships, yet no interventions have been successful in accessing a large number of couples during this critical time prepare and strengthen them for the challenges of becoming parents. The healthcare system has an established education infrastructure (childbirth education) that interacts with a significant number of couples during the transition to parenthood and has become increasingly open to incorporating relationship strengthening efforts into existing programs. The Marriage Moments program was designed to access couples through this system. This new approach to marriage education employs a program design unique in three ways: the context of childbirth education, a low-intensity content based on a model of marital virtues, and a simple, self-administered format of materials that gives the program great flexibility and transportability that can be implemented in a variety of existing systems. Initial formative program evaluation data show that the program is well received by participating couples. Marriage Moments is currently being pilot tested to evaluate its effectiveness in strengthening marriage through the transition, but it is expected the program will be disseminated widely and reach numerous couples as they transition to parenthood.
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Smith, Amie L. "Personal Growth Following the Challenge of Becoming a New Parent While Working as a Mental Health Clinician: A Narrative Study." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7200.
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Becoming a new parent can cause both immense joy and immense stress that leads to increases and decreases in a new parent’s feeling of life satisfaction. In addition, working as a mental health clinician is a frequently challenging career. Given that many clinicians also become parents while working during the course of their careers, it is surprising that there is not more research on the experience of clinicians who become new parents. More research is needed to find out how people balance the stresses of new parenthood and their emotionally challenging jobs. There is some research on “stress-related growth” that suggests that people can experience stressful or traumatic events and emerge on the other side feeling like they have achieved positive personal growth. This study attempted to find out if this occurs when clinicians become parents.
This was a narrative study aimed to add to the research literature on parent clinician’s (clinicians who were also parents) lives by presenting their stories of becoming new parents. Five parent clinicians were interviewed on two separate occasions and those interviews were transcribed; the transcriptions were edited into five individual stories that detail the parent clinician’s unique challenges, how they navigated their challenges, and how they reflected on their experiences and their personal growth.
The five parent clinicians recounted many positive and negative experiences that new parenthood had on both their clinical work and personal lives. In addition, they described how their families and identities helped them to make meaning out of the challenges they faced. The parent clinicians all talked about how either the presence or absence of social support, or their personal and professional relationships, impacted their lives when they became new parents. Social support included institutional support such as their employers or graduate departments and personal support such as their co-parents, families, and friends. This support either helped or hindered the parent clinician’s ability to balance the demands of parenthood and work. Furthermore, the findings supported previous research on stress-related growth that suggest that cognitive processing (thinking about an event after it occurred) and social support predict the perception of positive personal growth.
This was the first known narrative study on the impacts of new parenthood on mental health clinicians and the study adds to the research literature on clinician’s lived experiences. In addition, the findings from the study can help training directors, clinical supervisors, and agency directors to develop new policies that increase new parents’ social support which may help them weather the storms of becoming a new parent while working as a clinician.
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Waddoups, Anne Bentley. ""I Think Different Now"| Adolescent Mothers' Meaning Making and Mindset in the Transition to Parenthood." Thesis, Tufts University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3728540.
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Using a meaning making lens and a qualitative methodology, this dissertation study sought to explore transformative meaning making and implicit beliefs of parenting among a sample of 40 adolescent mothers participating in a home visiting program during their transition to parenthood. Given the high attrition rate for interventions serving adolescent moms, the study also explored the alignments between meaning making and home visiting program participation. Through iterative coding and theme analysis, this investigation revealed that participants’ beliefs about parenting evolve as they transition from pregnancy to parenting. They engage in meaning making throughout the process, which leads to scripts of change in three areas: improvements in relationships, changes in life outlook, and changes to self. Two groups emerged on either end of the spectrum of meaning making. High meaning-making transformers tended to remain actively enrolled in the intervention while the low meaning-making remainers all dropped out by the second year. An analysis of implicit beliefs about parenting, or meta-parenting mindset, identified three groups of participants: fixed theorists, incremental theorists, and mixed theorists. Fixed theorists, who believed parenting ability was natural or instinctual, had a lower retention rate in the program (14%) than the overall rate of the sample (42%) even after controlling for participants who moved away. Incremental theorists, who attributed their parenting abilities to gradual growth and learning, had a 50% retention rate and also represented just 6.6% of those receiving a low number of visits and 66.6% of those who had high rates of home visits.
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Cook, Jerry L. "The Transition to Parenthood: Predictors of Father Involvement and Marital Satisfaction for First-Time Parents." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2639.
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This study examined some of the factors that influence father involvement for first time parent s. These variables included: general or cultural attitudes of father involvement, personal expectations for father involvement, and level of satisfaction with the marriage. A secondary purpose was to examine factors that buffer the decline of marital satisfaction associated with the transition to parenthood. It was proposed that marital satisfaction was associated with having similar expectations for father involvement, having father involvement that met or exceeded personal expectations, and accurately perceiving spousal identity. A final purpose was to create a model of father invol vement, originally represented by the level of time, awareness, and support a father provides for his child.
Ninety-six couples enrolled in two prenatal classes participated in this study. Both mothers and fathers were given nearly identical surveys for the prenatal (or the third trimester of pregnancy) and postnatal (when the target child was between 3 and 6 months old) phases of the study With a 29% attrition rate, the final sample consisted of68 couples.
The results indicated that postnatal father involvement was predicted by the level of marital satisfaction and also by the personal expectations that both spouses have for father involvement. Results failed to support the hypotheses that father involvement would be significantly related to prenatal general attitudes of father involvement. However, there was some support that general (or cultural) attitudes change as a fun ction of personal experience for father s; the standard set for other fathers seems to be based from and conform to their own level of involvement.
As expected, postnatal marital satisfaction for both spouses was strongly related to father involvement. Although postnatal marital satisfaction was slightly related to the similarity in spouses' expectations for father involvement, the exploratory analysis shows that spouses with high personal expectations for father involvement (during the prenatal phase) tend to experience high levels of postnatal marital satisfaction, regardless of similarity of expectations between spouses. There was a general trend for postnatal marital satisfaction to be high when father involvement met or exceeded personal expectations, and low when father involvement fell short of personal expectations. The exception is when expectations were high; spouses with high expectations tend to report high levels of postnatal marital satisfaction regardless of whether father involvement met, surpassed, or fell short of those expectations. Contrary to expectations, accurately perceiving spousal identity was not related to marital satisfaction. Implications are given.
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Parfitt, Ylva Margareta. "The transition to parenthood : a prospective study of parental mental health, family relationships and infant development." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48107/.
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The transition to parenthood involves psychological and social adjustments for men and women, with evidence of possible declines in mental health and close relationships. This thesis examined the relationship between parents' mental health (depression, anxiety, PTSD), the parent-infant relationship, couple's relationship and infant development. The five articles in this thesis were part of a prospective multi-method investigation of first-time parents. Parents completed questionnaires in late pregnancy, 3 months and 15 months postpartum (Article 3 & 4), detailed observations of parent-infant interactions 3 months postpartum (CARE-index; Article 4), in-depth interviews (Birmingham Interview of Maternal Mental Health) 5 months postpartum (Article 1 and 2), and infant development (Bayley Scales III) was examined at 17 months postpartum (Article 5). Results showed that a proportion of men and women suffered from poor mental health. Mental health problems were more common in pregnancy than postpartum. Women experienced worse mental health than men, but few other gender or within couple differences were found (Articles 2 & 3). A relatively high rate of poor parent-infant interactions was found (Article 4) and many parents reported feelings of anger towards their infant (Articles 1 & 2). Parents' perceptions of their infant's characteristics were important for the parent-infant relationship (Article 3) and infant's cognitive, language and motor development (Article 5). Additionally, women's postpartum PTSD and prenatal depression were associated with poor infant development (Article 5). Men's mental health was associated with poor interaction with their infants (Article 4), negative perceptions of the father-infant and couple's relationship (Article 3). These findings suggest that both men and women should be included in early mental health and family relationship interventions. However, the small low-risk sample limits generalizability of results. Future research would benefit from exploring the links between parental, infant and family relationship variables further, over time in larger more representative samples.
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Kusner, Katherine G. "Longitudinal Effects of Self-reported Marital Strengths on Couples' Observed Conflictual Interactions Across the Transition to Parenthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1372505867.
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Chinn, Jessica R. "Sanctification of Pregnancy Interacting with Child Temperament to Predict Parental Depressive Symptoms Across the Transition to Parenthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1586626817468577.
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Demey, Dieter Hektor. "The impact of education on the transition to parenthood : an analysis of Belgian and British panel data." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577243.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the complex relation between educational characteristics and the transition to parenthood. It contributes to the literature in this domain as well as to our understanding of post-war fertility change in the industrialised world first, by adopting a multidisciplinary approach, and second, by explicitly examining the life-course-, gender- and context-specific relation between educational attainment as well as enrolment and becoming a parent. The data for this study are drawn from two large-scale panel studies, the Panel Study of Belgian Households (PSBH) and the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), and are used to construct first birth, educational and partnership trajectories. The dependency of the duration until the first live birth on educational characteristics and other factors is analysed using methods for event history analysis. The main findings of the study are that, first, there is a positive relation between educational attainment and the timing of entering parenthood; second, higher educated Belgian men and women accelerate the entry into parenthood after leaving the education system; and third, the relation between educational characteristics and first births is context-specific. These results suggest an incompatibility between motherhood and women’s labour market activity and indicate that institutional as well as socio-cultural factors could mediate the relation between education and fertility. The study therefore provides a strong argument for explicitly incorporating the examination of life-course-, gender- and context-specific effects of educational characteristics on fertility in the research.
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Backus, Lisa N. "Establishing Links Between Desecration, Forgiveness, and Marital Quality During Pregnancy." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1237836579.
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