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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Skirke, Christian. "'A fabric of reasons and motives' : on moral motivation and moral justification in Ernst Tugendhat's ethics." Thesis, University of Essex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397734.

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2

Bachmann, Tom [Verfasser], and Fabien [Akademischer Betreuer] Morel. "Invertible objects in motivic homotopy theory / Tom Bachmann ; Betreuer: Fabien Morel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122435614/34.

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3

Chung, Min Joshua. "Biblical counseling through heart motives teaching pastors to counsel using the heart motives model /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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4

James, Alicia Shanti. "The Role of Social Motives in Affective Polarization." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1615216736068656.

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5

Xu, Zhixing. "Integrating moral identity and moral judgment to explain everyday moral behavior: a dual-process model." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/69.

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A dual-process framework argues that both intuition and reflection interact to produce moral decisions. The present dissertation integrated moral identity and moral judgment to explain moral behavior from the dual-process model and its account was tested by three studies. A typical everyday moral behavior of interest in the present research was honest behavior. Participants were introduced to use their intuitive ability to predict the dice number demonstrated on a computer. The reward will base on their self-reported accuracy. Studies examined cheating behavior of individuals who had a chance to lie for money. In study 1, sixty participants with diversified background were recruited in a laboratory study. The results supported that honest behavior was more an intuitive result than a reflective outcome. Honest behavior resulted from the absence of temptation and priming moral constructs increased honest behavior. Study 2 contained two parts, in the first part, the researcher developed a Chinese version of moral identity based on Aquino and Reed’s (2002) work, in the second part, fifty-eight participants’ moral identity was investigated by the instrument in the first part. Their honest behavior was measured in the same task adopted in study 1. The result confirmed that different mechanisms led different people to behave ethically. For people who had strong moral identity, honesty resulted from the absence of temptation, while for individual with weak moral identity, honest behavior resulted from the active resistance of temptation. In study 3, moral identity and moral judgment were integrated to explain moral behavior. A Web-based survey with 437 subjects showed that the relationship between moral identity and moral judgment was significant. Individuals who viewed themselves as moral people preferred formalistic ideals to utilitarian framework when making moral judgment. The follow-up experimental study demonstrated that moral identity and moral judgment interacted together to determine moral behavior. When formalism was coupled with the motivational power of moral identity, individuals were most likely to behave morally.
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6

Määttä, Jessica. "Moral Cognition and Emotion: A Dual-Process Model of Moral Judgment." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5138.

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Cognitive and emotional processes both seem to contribute in the production of moral judgments, but how they interact is still under investigation. Greene’s dual-process model suggests that these processes constitute dissociable systems in the brain, which are hypothesized to give rise to two qualitatively different ways of moral thinking characterized by two normative moral theories, consequentialism and deontology. Greene indicates that this research undermine deontology as a normative theory. The empirical investigation of moral judgments implies that the dual-process model only seems to accurately predict and explain moral judgments in moral dilemmas involving physical harmful intentions. Regardless of the models empirical support, the empirical findings in the study of moral judgments could have normative and metaethical implications.
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7

Owen, Roderic Lewis. "Liberal education and moral development: an integrated model of moral education." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618618.

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Two central questions are raised: at a college level, what should be our educational goals and methods in the realm of moral development? and, what curricular or instructional model is most logically consistent and ethically acceptable with the mission and philosophy of liberal education? The major purpose of this study is to answer these questions and develop one reasonable, clearly defined model of college-level moral education.;As a normative inquiry into the goals of moral education, this philosophical study rests on the assumption that statements of moral value can be rationally understood and taught and is guided by an awareness of the major findings in social scientific research on moral development and education and practical use of the conceptual analysis of educational terminology.;In order to answer the central questions, it is argued that the ideal of liberal education (its inherent logical and ethical criteria as well as a developed set of explicit curricular goals) can help determine legitimate curricular goals and methods that are focused on moral development. An extended definition of liberal education is developed through reference to widely accepted historical statements and examination of contemporary principles and goals.;Five contemporary models of undergraduate moral education are next identified and described in detail: values clarification, wholistic, humanities, normative ethics, and cognitive-developmental. The specific criteria for liberal education are then critically applied, evaluating the respective strengths and weaknesses of each model. It is argued that the normative ethics and cognitive-developmental models are most closely connected with the historical aims and contemporary goals of liberal education.;The study concludes with a detailed analysis of the two selected models. Reasons for their integration are developed, pedagogical methods and resources which emerge from their combination are outlined, and a summary of this approach to selecting and developing an acceptable model of college-level moral education is offered. In closing, it is stated that college students can legitimately be taught to reflect on morality, to be committed to the rational analysis and selection of moral values and lifestyles, and to act in accordance with their convictions.
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8

Thomas, Alan Price. "A contextual model of moral justification." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282052.

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9

Johansson, Madeleine, and Mikaela Lindroth. "The relationship between personality, drinking motives and alcohol; : a mediational model¹." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-38175.

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Some people develop problematic alcohol consumption. Explanations forthis have been proposed by the mediating influence of drinking motiveson the relationship between personality and alcohol use. The purpose ofthis study was to test whether such a mediating model can be applied to aSwedish population. Students (N=383) in Sweden answered aquestionnaire about personality, drinking motives, alcohol consumptionand alcohol-related problems. Mediation analysis was done to seewhether drinking motives could mediate the relationship betweenpersonality and alcohol outcomes for men and women. The resultsshowed that four paths of personality, drinking motives and alcohol canbe found in a Swedish population by using this mediational model.However, the model showed different paths for men and women.
En del människor utvecklar en problematisk alkoholkonsumtion.Förklaringar till detta har sökts i en medierande inverkan avdryckesmotiv i relationen mellan människors personlighet ochalkoholkonsumtion. Syftet med denna studie var att testa om en sådanmedierande modell går att tillämpa på en svensk population. Studenter(N=383) i Sverige besvarade en enkät om personlighet, dryckesmotiv,alkoholkonsumtion och alkohol-relaterade problem. Mediationsanalysergjordes för att se om dryckesmotiven skulle kunna medierarelationen mellan personlighet och alkoholutfall för män och kvinnor.Resultaten visade att fyra mönster av personlighet, dryckesmotiv ochalkohol i den medierande modellen går att finna på en svenskpopulation, dock olika för män och kvinnor.
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10

Welch, Thomas A. "Overlapping consensus : a model for moral education and moral deliberation in pluralistic societies." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85962.

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Pluralism, the variety of philosophical, moral, cultural and religious worldviews of contemporary society, is a characteristic of Western democracies. This places upon such societies a great challenge for the teaching of moral principles in schools and for the establishment of such principles in the public sphere. John Rawls's political idea of an overlapping consensus is a principle of decision-making that can be used as a model for arriving at principles for moral education and also as a model for moral deliberation in the public domain. Multicultural narratives can play an important role in enhancing the creation of an overlapping consensus on public moral issues in pluralistic societies. They can be examples of the kinds of challenges involved in the moral decision process and also serve to illustrate the importance of moral perception as a complement to moral reflection in the task of moral deliberation. Teaching the multicultural nature of modern civilization and also the universal incidence of the democratic council tradition can strengthen citizens' sense of mutual respect in the course of public speech. This can help to develop a culture that is more open to the formation of an overlapping consensus on matters that concern public morality.
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11

Feng, Yayu. "Analysis of Moral Argumentation in Newspaper Editorial Contents with Kohlberg's Moral Development Model." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1416916265.

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12

Jeffrey, Justin David Sayre-McCord Geoffrey. "Normative progeny a model of moral justification /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1120.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy." Discipline: Philosophy; Department/School: Philosophy.
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13

Sellgren, Ulf. "Simulation-driven design : Motives, Means, and Opportunities." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2875.

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Efficiency and innovative problem solving are contradictory requirements for productdevelopment (PD), and both requirements must be satisfied in companies that strive to remainor to become competitive. Efficiency is strongly related to ”doing things right”, whereasinnovative problem solving and creativity is focused on ”doing the right things”.Engineering design, which is a sub-process within PD, can be viewed as problem solving or adecision-making process. New technologies in computer science and new software tools openthe way to new approaches for the solution of mechanical problems. Product datamanagement (PDM) technology and tools can enable concurrent engineering (CE) bymanaging the formal product data, the relations between the individual data objects, and theirrelation to the PD process. Many engineering activities deal with the relation betweenbehavior and shape. Modern CAD systems are highly productive tools for conceptembodiment and detailing. The finite element (FE) method is a general tool used to study thephysical behavior of objects with arbitrary shapes. Since a modern CAD technology enablesdesign modification and change, it can support the innovative dimension of engineering aswell as the verification of physical properties and behavior. Concepts and detailed solutionshave traditionally been evaluated and verified with physical testing. Numerical modeling andsimulation is in many cases a far more time efficient method than testing to verify theproperties of an artifact. Numerical modeling can also support the innovative dimension ofproblem solving by enabling parameter studies and observations of real and syntheticbehavior. Simulation-driven design is defined as a design process where decisions related tothe behavior and performance of the artifact are significantly supported by computer-basedproduct modeling and simulation.A framework for product modeling, that is based on a modern CAD system with fullyintegrated FE modeling and simulation functionality provides the engineer with tools capableof supporting a number of engineering steps in all life-cycle phases of a product. Such aconceptual framework, that is based on a moderately coupled approach to integratecommercial PDM, CAD, and FE software, is presented. An object model and a supportingmodular modeling methodology are also presented. Two industrial cases are used to illustratethe possibilities and some of the opportunities given by simulation-driven design with thepresented methodology and framework.
QC 20100810
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14

Ferguson, Rose. "How flexible is morality ? : a test of the moral credits model of moral balancing." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2018. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/a4cab60722efc4ed26898482dd2fda367bed65f5509823e84bf37cf31210aa70/8119837/Ferguson_2019_How_flexible_is_morality_a_test.pdf.

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Theories of moral identity assert that people are motivated to maintain positive self-perceptions of themselves as good, moral people (e.g., Aquino & Reed, 2002; Blasi, 1980, 1984). However, research in sequential moral behaviour has found that people do not necessarily act in a manner consistent with this self-perception. Moral balancing (moral licensing and moral compensation) refers to patterns of behaviour in which people alternate between morally positive and negative actions. This has been proposed to represent a strategy to balance competing goals to maintain positive moral self-perceptions whilst also reaping the short-term rewards of immoral behaviour (e.g., Nisan, 1990; Merrit, Effron, & Monin, 2010; Mullen & Monin, 2016). Demonstrations of moral balancing are widespread in the literature, however little is known about the mechanisms that drive these effects. The theoretical explanations that have been proposed are primarily post-hoc in nature, and little research has been conducted to directly examine the assumptions underlying these accounts. In this thesis, I directly tested one theoretical model proposed to explain moral balancing: moral credits. This model proposes that moral balancing is driven by changes in moral self-image. Across four empirical studies (Study 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b), I tested a series of predictions derived from this model and the proposed central mechanism. The results failed to provide support for these predictions - despite using experimental manipulations common to the field, the moral balancing effect was not replicated in any of these studies. Consequently, I conducted two large-scale meta-analyses of sequential moral behaviour studies to (a) identify the conditions under which moral balancing does and does not occur, and (b) examine whether the predictions of the moral credits model align with the pattern of results observed across the literature. The results of the meta-analyses did not support predictions of the moral credits, or of alternative models of sequential moral behaviour (e.g., moral credentials, self-perception theory, guilt). The results suggest that existing theoretical accounts cannot adequately explain the mechanisms that drive these effects, or the conditions under which they occur. In light of this, I argue that a new approach to the study of sequential moral decision-making is warranted. I argue that an approach grounded in the principles of non-moral decision-making and self-control may represent a promising way forward for the study of moral decision-making. This new approach represents a more parsimonious approach to explaining sequential moral behaviour effects using a single mechanism (valuation processes), and provides potential strategies for facilitating moral decision-making using techniques from non-moral self-control research. I outline the parallels between moral and non-moral decision-making, and discuss the strengths and limitations of this approach. Finally, I present avenues for future research to test the influence of valuation processes in sequential moral behaviour studies.
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15

Nordkvist, Öman Emma. "Tourism in an era of migration : A case study with a focus on the impacts of a crisis, from a consumer perspective." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-48843.

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This thesis describes the relation between the tourism industry and crisis from a consumer perspective. The impacts on consumers have been receiving little attention in earlier tourism research. This study contains an empirical research with a focus on the attitudes of travellers during the refugee crisis of 2015. The attitudes are seen as interesting for this study since they can affect the traveller before, during and after the trip. In this work the attitudes further are divided into four different sub-categories, which were detected to be important in order to describe how the attitudes of travellers can be affected from a crisis. The performed study shows that the attitudes can be affected from a crisis in different ways. It also shows that the refugee crisis of 2015 had impacts on travellers, that might vary from person to person and that they might not be aware of themselves.
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16

Marx, Mauryne. "A model of moral education : the Euthanasia trial." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61330.

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A model of moral education generally includes a conception of morality, a theory about how moral development can be encouraged, and pedagogical strategies designed to facilitate moral development in educational settings.
The Euthanasia Trial is a model of moral education which is based on the concept of morality as a combination of caring, judging and acting. Morality begins with a compassionate concern for life; this feeling triggers the psychological ability to consider the interests of others. Caring and empathy alone, however, are not enough. In order to resolve moral conflicts there must also be an ability to reason, to evaluate conflicting interests in the light of certain criteria or principles. Guided by these reasoned judgments, moved by a sense of caring, morality culminates in decisive action.
The Euthanasia Trial attempts to integrate these three components of morality in a multi-faceted project designed for senior high school students. Philosophical dialogues develop the pupils' reasoning abilities; dramatic roles engage their emotional responses; and emphasis on cooperative learning throughout the project provides students with concrete opportunities to practice moral behavior.
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17

Hoesel, Stan Van, and Albert Wagelmans. "On Setup Cost Reduction in the Economic Lot-Sizing Model Without Speculative Motives." Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Operations Research Center, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5324.

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An important special case of the economic lot-sizing problem is the one in which there are no speculative motives to hold inventory, i.e., the marginal cost of producing one unit in some period plus the cost of holding it until some future period is at least the marginal production cost in the latter period. It is already known that this special case can be solved in linear time. In this paper we study the effects of reducing all setup costs by the same amount. It turns out that the optimal solution changes in a very structured way. This fact will be used to develop faster algorithms for several problems that can be reformulated as parametric lot-sizing problems. One result, worth a sepparate mention, is an algorithm for the so-called dyna-mic lot-.sizing proble-m with learning effects in setups. This algorithm has a complexity that is of the same order as the fastest algorithm known so far, but it is valid for a more general class of models than usually considered. OR/MS subject classification: Analysis of algorithms, computational complexity: parametric economic lot-sizing problem; Dynamic programming /optimal control, applications: parametric economic lot-sizing problem; Inventory/)production, planning horizon: setup cost reduction in economic lot-sizing molel.
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18

Yaffe, Phyllis Cohen 1948. "The 'artist and model' theme in Picasso's work between 1926 and 1963 /." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74042.

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19

Kim, Richard S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A computational model of moral learning for autonomous vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122897.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2018
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-81).
We face a future of delegating many important decision making tasks to artificial intelligence (AI) systems as we anticipate widespread adoption of autonomous systems such as autonomous vehicles (AV). However, recent string of fatal accidents involving AV reminds us that delegating certain decisions making tasks have deep ethical complications. As a result, building ethical AI agent that makes decisions in line with human moral values has surfaced as a key challenge for Al researchers. While recent advances in deep learning in many domains of human intelligence suggests that deep learning models will also pave the way for moral learning and ethical decision making, training a deep learning model usually encompasses use of large quantities of human-labeled training data. In contrast to deep learning models, research in human cognition of moral learning theorizes that the human mind is capable of learning moral values from a few, limited observations of moral judgments of other individuals and apply those values to make ethical decisions in a new and unique moral dilemma. How can we leverage the insights that we have about human moral learning to design AI agents that can rapidly infer moral values of human it interacts with? In this work, I explore three cognitive mechanisms - abstraction, society-individual dynamics, and response time analysis - to demonstrate how these mechanisms contribute to rapid inference of moral values from limited number of observed data. I propose two Bayesian cognitive models to express these mechanisms using hierarchical Bayesian modeling framework and use large-scale ethical judgments from Moral Machine to empirically demonstrate the contributions of these mechanisms to rapid inference of individual preferences and biases in ethical decision making.
by Richard Kim.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences
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20

Arnaud, Anke. "A NEW THEORY AND MEASURE OF ETHICAL WORK CLIMATE: THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS MODEL (PPM) AND THE ETHICAL CLIMATE INDEX (ECI)." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2384.

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ABSTRACT With this dissertation I developed a new theory and measure of ethical work climate (EWC). Currently, there exists one dominant theory and measure of EWC developed by Victor and Cullen (1988, 1987). Even though researchers have identified problems with this theory, such as inconsistencies with regard to its limited theoretical scope and troubling psychometric properties, it is the most widely utilized framework for conceptualizing and testing EWC. Therefore, I propose to develop an improved theory and measure of EWC, one capable of addressing some of the principle shortcomings of earlier efforts. Building on Rest's (1986, 1979) "Four-Component" model of individual-level ethical decision-making and behavior, I specify four dimensions of EWC necessary for the emergence of ethical behavior: collective moral sensitivity, collective moral judgment, collective moral motivation, and collective moral character. I developed a multidimensional instrument capable of capturing each of these dimensions at the climate level. I anticipate that this theory and instrument will allow researchers to understand EWCs and their impact on attitudes and behaviors more effectively than previous approaches. Chapter 1 reviews the organizational climate and culture literatures, so as to gain a comprehensive understanding of the organizational climate construct in general and how it differs from organizational culture in particular. Chapter 2 includes a review and evaluation the EWC literature. This helped to identify opportunities and suggestions for a new theory and measure of EWC. Chapter 3 describes the development of the new theory of EWCs, the Psychological Process Model, with propositions for future research. Chapter 4 informs about the development of the Ethical Climate Index, the measure used to assess the new theory of EWCs. It describes 3 studies that were used to construct the Ethical Climate Index to measure the ethical work climate dimensions of collective moral sensitivity (12-items), collective moral judgment (10-items), collective moral motivation (8-items), and collective moral character (6-items). Study 1 and 2 resulted in parsimonious and reliable scales for each one of the four dimensions. Results of the 3rd study support convergent and discriminant validity for each one of the scales and suggest that the ECI is a valid and reliable predictor of ethical and unethical behavior. Implications and suggestions for the use of this measure in future research is discussed.
Ph.D.
Department of Management
Business Administration
Business Administration: Ph.D.
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21

Zschoche, Ruth. "A Multilevel Model of Police Corruption: Anomie, Decoupling, and Moral Disengagement." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3422.

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Police corruption is a primary concern for law enforcement agencies. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that could predict the likelihood of police officer susceptibility to corruption. Data was collected through surveys of 1083 officers within eight U.S. police agencies that were participating in the National Police Research Platform funded by the National Institute of Justice. The data were analyzed using multilevel structural equation and base multilevel models. The theoretical model for this study addressed susceptibility to corruption on both the departmental (clusters) and individual officer levels. Four main constructs were utilized in this study. Acceptance of deviant norms was the outcome variable operationalizing susceptibility to corruption. Anomie was a departmental predictor operationalizing expectations that socially accepted goals could not be accomplished through socially acceptable means. Decoupling was a departmental predictor measuring the extent to which departmental pragmatic goals were out of alignment with official ethical codes. Moral disengagement was the individual predictor operationalizing the ability to use cognitive mechanisms to excuse unethical decision-making. Departments higher in anomie and decoupling were hypothesized to have higher acceptance of deviant norms that condone corruption. Officers with higher levels of moral disengagement were also expected to have a greater acceptance of deviant norms. The departmental environment was expected to have more influence than individual officer traits such that anomie and decoupling would moderate the effects of moral disengagement within departments. The results demonstrated the promise of the multilevel theoretical model. Anomie was a strong predictor of acceptance of deviant norms. Moral disengagement was also a moderately strong predictor of acceptance of deviant norms in the base multilevel models. Anomie moderated the effect of moral disengagement to some degree, although it had no impact on the slope between acceptance of deviant norms and moral disengagement. Differences between departmental subgroups indicated how officer assignments and demographic characteristics may impact susceptibility to corruption. Study limitations related primarily to the multilevel structural equation model, scale construction, and sampling. Limitations are addressed as regards their general relevance to theory and methodology. Implications of the results for policy and future research are discussed.
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Wängdahl, Johanna, and Emmy Hodén. "Corporate Social Responsibility – Business strategies or social initiatives? : A qualitative study on CSR within the Indian context." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35979.

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Together with the globalized corporate world come a number of social and environmental issues, many times caused by the corporations themselves. However, it happens that corporations do not take their responsibilities in limiting their sometimes, harmful practices. Companies with a willingness to create positive change can do this, by working with corporate social responsibility (CSR). The question is however, whether companies actually are taking their responsibilities by implementing CSR work, or if they are using the concept as a business strategy for additional profit. To answer this question, one could look at the driving factors behind a company’s CSR programs as well as investigating the level of integration of the CSR programs in the company’s daily business. Companies working with CSR exist globally, however, there is one country that researchers have found to be a special case, namely, India. Therefore, this bachelor thesis examines different driving motives behind CSR in India through a literature review, as well as answers how well integrated Indian companies CSR activities are within their core businesses, by conducting a case study on an Indian company. The results of this study show that moral, strategic and legal motives can be factors in the decision to engage in CSR by Indian companies. Also, the level of integration partly depends on the previously mentioned motives.
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23

West, Andrew Geoffrey. "Moral relativism and corporate governance convergence." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25575.

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This thesis investigates how the different aspects and claims associated with moral relativism can be applied to the issue of corporate governance convergence. The question of how corporate governance models may be converging around the world is considered within the law, finance and management literature. To date, however, there has been no detailed consideration from a moral perspective of whether such convergence should occur. This study investigates this question, using South Africa as a case study, through an analysis of the claims of Descriptive, Metaethical and Normative moral relativism. South Africa is selected as a useful case study in the light of its colonial heritage, complex demographics and the ongoing project of post-apartheid ‘nation-building’. Different moral philosophies can be identified that underlie the predominant models of corporate governance around the world. The differences between these moralities can be expressed in terms of differences in the prescribed moral obligations and objectives of corporations. The claim of Descriptive moral relativism is that there are significant differences in moral judgement between groups or individuals. In the context of South African corporate governance, the principal area of interest concerns moral judgements that reflect corporate obligations and objectives that differ from those that underlie the shareholder model evident in Anglo-American jurisdictions. This was investigated in three ways: firstly, through a literature study that identified existing evidence of moral judgements relevant to corporate governance in South Africa; secondly, through a quantitative survey of a group of professional accounting students in South Africa; thirdly, through a series of semi-structured interviews with professional accounting students in South Africa. In all three cases there was some, albeit limited, evidence to support the claim of Descriptive moral relativism. The claim of Metaethical moral relativism is that there is no single ‘true’ or ‘correct’ morality, but that morality is relative to different groups or individuals. Applied to corporate governance, this claim was investigated firstly by examining the arguments that a particular corporate governance model is morally superior and thus universally applicable, as well as by considering the extent of moral agreement on the issue. Secondly, the positions of prominent supporters of moral relativism were considered in terms of how these could be applied to the issue of corporate governance convergence. It was concluded that universalist claims in support of particular models of corporate governance are largely insufficient, and that a limited relativist approach is more plausible. The claim of Normative moral relativism is that one should not interfere with the actions of another where these are based on different moral judgements. Although the claims of Descriptive and Metaethical moral relativism have implications for the normative claim, the normative claim does not necessarily follow. Adopting a value of tolerance or accommodation (from the work of David Wong) can, however, strengthen the normative argument. It was concluded then that based on the evidence of this study, and within its limitations, it is morally wrong to impose an Anglo-American model of corporate governance on South Africa.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Philosophy
unrestricted
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24

Giesbrecht, Norman David. "A path model of the relationship among psychosocial, moral, and faith development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0008/NQ31027.pdf.

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25

Harris, John Richard. "Moral indeterminacy and the specification model of political obligation (John Locke, Thomas Hobbes)." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/colorado/fullcit?p3190397.

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26

Orris, Glenn William. "Moral Injury and PTSD| Toward an Integrated Model of Complex, Combat-Related Trauma." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10841233.

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The provisional construct “moral injury” has been proposed as a means to recognize the impact of certain stressor events commonly encountered in war, yet excluded from the current definition of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), especially the psychological consequences of moral violations, whether experienced as perpetrator, witness, or victim. Although frequently co-morbid and exhibiting similar symptom syndromes, there is at the present time no clear means by which to conceptualize the relationship moral injury and PTSD. Drawing upon resources from diverse disciplines, including contemporary neuroscience, dynamical systems theory, cognitive psychology, and psychoanalysis, this dissertation addresses this conceptual gap by first proposing a model of psychological health as the integration of information processing in the mind and in the brain—alternatively conceptualized as the integration of “the self”—as well as corresponding general theoretical models of psychological disorder and psychological trauma as the impairment of this integration. On this basis, this dissertation then proposes an integrated theoretical model of both moral injury and PTSD, including the relationships between them and their associated symptom syndromes. The implications of this model for clinical care and further research are also briefly considered.

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Beck, Daniel Phillip. "Animals on Lifeboats: a Defense of a Sliding Scale Model of Moral Status." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240373673.

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Taylor, Kevin Curtis. "ECOLOGY OF A KŌAN: HAKUIN’S ZEN AS A MORAL MODEL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGAGEMENT." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1489.

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My thesis is that within Buddhist philosophy the concept of mindfulness is a valuable contribution to environmentalism that similarly extols the virtue of generating a kind of environmental mindfulness. Buddhist traditions have long developed the concept of mindfulness as well as compassion, the transformation of suffering, and the notion of interconnectedness. There is a confluence of ideas between Buddhist philosophy and environmental philosophy and this project explores the mindfulness mechanism that leads to real, meaningful action. In focusing on Japanese Buddhism and Hakuin Ekaku, I demonstrate the skillful means employed by Hakuin in teaching people from all parts of society during the early modern era which was a time of rapid modernization and natural disasters. Focusing on Japanese Buddhism, this project draws parallels between Hakuin’s monastic endeavors and the attempts of contemporary Buddhist monks to help in combating climate change, pollution, and disaster relief in our own times. Hakuin’s writings and artwork reveal a figure able to navigate social, political, religious, and everyday members of society while teaching selfless interconnectedness brought about by mindfulness training intent on being brought into one’s everyday activity.
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Gladden, Paul Robert. "Rule-Governed Behavior: Investigating a Structural Model of Influences on Adherence to Rules." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145591.

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Behavior-analytic accounts of rule-adherence behavior suggest that rule-governance is a general class of functional (i.e., instrumental) behavior maintained by social consequences (Baum, 2005; Malott & Suarez, 2004; Jacobs et al., in prep.). Evolutionary Life-History (LH) theory suggests that LH strategy may underlie variation in rule-adherence behavior. Based on an integration of these two theories, a theoretical structural model of rule-governance was developed and tested. The structure of this model was used to develop follow-up experiments to test particularly salient links in the model. Consistent with theory, the structural model indicated that slow LH strategy directly and indirectly (through increased moral emotions and increased executive functioning) contributed to strength of rule-governance. Two experiments failed to replicate previously demonstrated effects of executive function depletion or moral identity priming (on moral behavioral outcome measures). Further, self-report measures of slow LH strategy, executive functioning, and rule-governance did not predict prosocial (donating) or rule-defiance (cheating) behavior in laboratory tasks. The limitations of relying solely on either self-report or behavioral tasks of unknown external validity are discussed.
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Kaur, Jasmeet, and Ninorta Kurt. "Voluntary Audits : Motives of Executing Voluntary Audits in Partnership Firms in Jönköping." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Accounting and Finance, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1287.

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Abstract

Purpose: A part of this research is to explore if there are partnership firms that voluntarily get an audit of their business. The purpose is to understand and explain why these partnership firms have chosen to get an audit of their business voluntarily. Additionally, the authors research how external stakeholders, such as creditors, view and assess partnership firms that do not execute an audit of their accounts and reports.

Method: To initiate this research, the authors conducted a telephone survey as a pre-study, to assure the viability of this research. As a major part of this research study, qualitative interviews with partnership firms, banks and the Swedish Tax Agency have been conducted to obtain professional opinion in the subject of interest. Previous researches are presented to provide a broader perspective of the debate.

Frame of

Reference: The authors present an extensive background to auditing and accounting. Stakeholder model and agency theory have been applied to facilitate in understanding the relationship between a partnership firm and its stakeholders. Advantages and disadvantages of auditing, as well as the concept of voluntary auditing are presented to facilitate a discussion of the motives of voluntarily executing an audit firms.

Conclusion: After extensive research the authors have identified and determined the most probable motives of voluntary audits as well as understood how these external stakeholders view and assess these partnership firms that do not execute an audit of their accounts and reports. The authors can after a broad research conclude that partners’ central motives to voluntary auditing is to seek the value that is added through it, as the firm obtains professional assistance to raise the credibility of the firm’s financial reports. Auditing frees them from additional burden and time to manage the work related to accounting records and enables them to devote more time to the core business.

Through an audit, partners’ quest for orderliness is fulfilled. Moreover, indications have been seen that partners are open to voluntarily execute an audit to achieve a sense of security in relation to the other partners. Another essential motive to why partners voluntarily execute audits is to be assured that there are no significant inaccuracies or errors in their book-keeping. Overall, partners’ intentions of getting an audit of their accounts and reports are to gain an overview of the business as well to obtain enhanced business image externally.

Creditors are concerned about a firm’s ability to reimburse the obligation. In a newly started firm, banks require annual reports, forecasts and budgets ensure the firm’s solvency. The Swedish Tax Agency receives audit reports from auditors that guide them with hints and directions on what to assess further. Moreover, the Swedish Tax Agency performs tax audits on firms, whereby they conduct an assessment to ensure that the accounts and other documents are in accordance with what is declared to them.


Sammanfattning

Syfte: Avsikten med denna uppsats är att utforska om det finns handelsbolag som frivilligt upprättar revision i sin affärsverksamhet. Syftet är att få förståelse för samt förklara de bakomliggande motiven till handelsbolags val av frivillig revision. Författarna utforskar ytterligare hur externa parter, såsom kreditgivare samt skatteverket, granskar och ser på handelsbolag som inte upprättar revision på sin verksamhet.

Metod: Författarna genomförde en förstudie i form av en telefonenkät, för att försäkra sig om att denna studie är genomförbar. För att erhålla en professionell åsikt kring ämnet i fråga, har denna studie till största del bestått av kvalitativa intervjuer med respondenter från delägare av handelsbolag, banker och skatteverket. Tidigare studier är även presenterade för att tillföra debatten ett bredare perspektiv.

Referensram: Författarna ger en omfattande beskrivning av redovisning och revision. Intressentmodellen och agentteorin har tillämpats i syfte att underlätta förståelsen av relationen mellan företag och dess intressenter. Dessutom beskrivs för- och nackdelar av revision för att underlätta diskussionen kring motiven till frivillig revision i handelsbolag.

Slutsats: Författarna har efter omfattande forskning fastställt de troligaste motiven till frivillig revision samt fått en djupare förståelse för bankernas och skatteverkets ståndpunkt och granskning av handelsbolag som inte är revisionspliktiga. Sammanfattningsvis kan författarna hävda att grundmotiven till frivillig revision är värdet som den tillför, då bolagen erhåller professionell samråd som höjer redovisningens trovärdighet i bolaget. Revision underlättar för delägarna då de inte behöver ta på sig bördan av att tillägna tid och kraft på att själva utföra bokföringen. Detta tillåter delägarna i sin tur att ägna mer tid till själva kärnverksamheten. Genom revision, fullgörs delägarnas strävan efter ordning och reda i bolaget. För övrigt har man sett indikationer på att delägarna är positivt inställda på att frivilligt upprätta revision i handelsbolagen, då revisionen bidrar till att de erhåller en känsla av trygghet. Ett annat motiv, är att revisionen försäkrar dem om det inte förekommer väsentliga felaktigheter eller misstag i boksluten. Delägarnas främsta avsikt till användandet av revision kan i det stora hela summeras till att de får en översiktsbild av sina bolag, såväl som att de erhåller en kvalitetsstämpel och därmed en förhöjd bild av bolaget utåt sett. Kreditgivare är angelägna över bolagens återbetalningsförmåga. Därför kräver banken att nystartade bolag ska framföra sin årsredovisning, budget och framtida prognoser, för att försäkra sig om och fastställa deras återbetalningsförmåga. Skatteverket mottar årsredovisningar från revisorer, som med fördel förser skatteverket med råd och vägledning kring eventuell vidare granskning i bolagen. Skatteverket utför därtill skatterevision, genom att de granskar bolagen i syfte att intyga att de presenterade räkenskaperna och rapporterna överensstämmer med det som har deklarerats och kommit till skatteverkets förfogande.

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31

Döbeli, Barbara. "Bank lending under IMF lending in a financial crisis : a sequential three-players moral hazard model /." Winterthur : Schellenberg, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/351414665.pdf.

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32

Gregory, Branwen N. "Evaluating Implementation and Adaptation of Moral Reconation Therapy at a Local Jail." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1597971905253669.

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33

Gjerso, Jonas Fossli. "'Continuity of moral policy' : a reconsideration of British motives for the partition of East Africa in light of anti-slave trade policy and imperial agency, 1878-96." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3202/.

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In the century and a half since the days of the ‘scramble for Africa’ a vast body of literature has emerged attempting to disentangle the complexities of the ‘New Imperialism’. One of the most prominent and enduring theories was proposed by Ronald Robinson and John Gallagher in Africa and the Victorians, which linked the partition of East Africa with geo-strategic concerns connected to Egypt and India. Building upon John Darwin’s initial critique, this thesis will re-examine the partition of East Africa in an attempt at offering a comprehensive refutation of the Egypto-centric interpretation. The explanatory model will be exposed as a post-hoc fallacy, neither grounded in documentary evidence nor consistent with the sequence of events and policy-decisions. An alternative understanding will be proposed in which the partition of East Africa in successive stages from 1884 to 1895 formed part of a British policy continuum in the region, wherein protection of commercial interests and suppression of the slave trade were the principal determinants. By tracing the chronology of the partition it will be contended that its ultimate geographical scope was substantially determined at the very beginning of the colonisation process; whilst imperial agency were decisive in expanding the British sphere of influence to comprise Uganda in 1890 and similarly, public opinion was crucial for retaining it in 1892. In particular it will be argued that partition largely represented the cost-effective transplantation of British anti-slave trade policy from the maritime to the continental sphere, a shift enabled by the use of railway technology.
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34

Orji, Felix Clarence. "The Anglican presbyter as moral leader of the local parish toward a normative model /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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35

Moore, Nancy Helen Vuckovic 1956. "Things that are good and things that are chocolate: A cultural model of weight control as morality." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291712.

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The ideology of weight control as evidenced in the discourse of American adolescent girls is explored via a cognitive approach to discourse analysis, and focuses on the teasing out of cultural models through evidence in natural language. It is hypothesized that a cultural model exists which equates weight control with a moral code reflective of the Protestant ethic. The research examines how the cultural model frames experience by supplying interpretations of that experience, and how it influences behavior by supplying goals for action. The cognitive salience of the model within the belief system of the individual regulates the degree of influence the model has on behavior. Four levels of influence are proposed, ranging from cultural cliche to motivation of disordered eating. The predominant influence is found to be as an occasional guide to weight controlling action or discourse about such action.
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Madden, Danielle R. "An event-level conceptual model of college student drinking: The role of protective behavioral strategies, alcohol expectancies, and drinking motives." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492518224629771.

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37

Wadsworth, Benjamin K. "Dialectical opposition in fin-de-siècle music : a model of balance applied to melodic motives, harmonic context, and their interaction /." Digitized version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/7669.

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Thesis (Ph. D)--University of Rochester, 2008.
Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references. Digitized version available online via the Sibley Music Library, Eastman School of Music http://hdl.handle.net/1802/7669
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38

Fröcklin, Henry. "Computational model for morality and emotions in EmoBN." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112096.

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This master thesis presents an approach on how to design moral behaviour in a scenario with een. een is an iteration of emobn which is based on bn, an action selection system with activation dynamics among modules, goal oriented and capable of prediction and planing. The design is based on current research from prominent psychologist like Haidt and uses Mikhial’s umg framework for causal and intentional validation. Also Roseman’s appraisal model and Haidt’s mft is used for determining moral emotions in a moral context. The design is tested against empirical results from philosophical experiment know as the trol- ley problem, a well known moral dilemma.
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39

Bewsey, Kyle. "Exploring Psychopathic Personality Traits and Moral Development in a Non-criminal Sample." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271780/.

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This study explored psychopathic personality traits among a non-criminal, college undergraduate sample. Much research has been done on conceptualizing the construct of psychopathy, but this work has been conducted primarily with incarcerated individuals using a structured interview, The Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991, 2003). The goal of the current study was to assess psychopathic traits among non-criminal individuals using The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale - Version Four (SRP-IV; Paulhus, Neumann, & Hare, in press), and compare how SRP-IV scores were associated with a well recognized semi-structured interview for psychopathy, The Psychopathy Checklist – Screening Version (PCL: SV; Hart, Cox, & Hare, 1995). The study also examined whether psychopathic personality traits could be predicted using a measure of normal-range personality, based on the five-factor model (FFM; Digman, 1990), and a measure developed by Loevinger (1976) related to ego development. Five-Factor Model Rating Form (FFMRF; Mullins-Sweat, Jamerson, Samuel, Olson, & Widiger, 2006) scores and Total Protocol Ratings (TPR score) on the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (WUSCT; Hy & Loevinger, 1996) were used to predict psychopathy scores. Correlations of SRP-IV scores and PCL: SV scores with FFMRF scores and WUSCT TPR scores were also examined for their uniformity. As predicted, there were significant, negative correlations between FFM domains, Agreeableness and Conscientious, and SRP-IV scores, as well as significant, negative correlations between WUSCT TPR scores and SRP-IV scores. These correlations ranged from small to strong for both SRP-IV overall scores and for SRP-IV factor scores (i.e., Interpersonal Manipulation, Callous Affect, Erratic Lifestyle, and Criminal Tendencies). Additionally, FFM domain scores and WUSCT TPR scores significantly predicted SRP-IV scores. FFM domains, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, and WUSCT TPR scores, were the strongest predictors of SRP-IV scores. Similar results were found when FFM domain scores and WUSCT TPR scores predicted SRP-IV factor scores. Results also indicated Agreeableness and Conscientious explained an additional 24% of the variance in psychopathy scores, after controlling for WUSCT TPR scores. Conversely, WUSCT TPR scores explained an additional 5% of the variance in psychopathy scores after controlling for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Finally, as predicted, the differences in correlations between psychopathy scores (i.e., PCL: SV, SRP-IV), and Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and WUSCT TPR scores were not statistically significant providing evidence that correlates of psychopathic traits can be measured among non-criminal individuals using a self-report measure, the SRP-IV, and that these findings are concordant with those based on a standardized structured assessment for psychopathy. Limitations of the study, implications, and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
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Thomas, Linda Sue. "The moral and academic tacit curriculum in higher education." Scholarly Commons, 2008. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2363.

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Faculty in higher education overtly teach content and skills to their students in their courses. However, faculty teach and demonstrate a tacit curriculum in their interactions with their students as well. This study examined how faculty believe they articulate and personally demonstrate these tacit goals and objectives to their students. This study examined the interview responses of ten female university English instructors. The faculty were questioned regarding the values, moral principles, ethical standards, and academic goals that they believe they demonstrate and enforce among their students. In addition, faculty were asked if they believed if the elements changed over time as faculty gained teaching experience or if they changed according to the students' academic rank. As the data from this study was coded, a grounded theory of the tacit curriculum in higher education emerged. This grounded theory can best be seen as a developmental model through which female English Department faculty progress as they gain classroom teaching experience. Faculty in this study progressed through three stages in their development as teachers; Show-Off Lecturer, Audience Respecter, and Mentor/Teacher, and developed a tacit curriculum as they gained teaching experience. These stages correspond with movement from novice to expert status in teaching. The presence of this developmental model lends credence to the phenomenological model of human learning developed by Hubert and Stuart Dreyfus and supports Polanyi's concepts of the personal and tacit dimensions of human knowing. This responses in this study indicate that as faculty develop teaching skill, they also develop tacit moral aims to their teaching. It is unclear if the development of these moral aims are deferred until tenure is obtained or if the process of their development just takes about the same time as the tenure process. In addition, while there is no way to exclude all other influencing factors in the faculty member's lives, the data in this study suggests that experience is central in the development of the faculty's tacit moral curriculum.
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Dougherty, Owen Robert. "The twelve steps of Alcoholics Anonymous as a model for moral conversion in American culture." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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42

Andersson, Per. "Attribution and judgment : examining the relation between attributing capacities and moral judgments about killing animals." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100136.

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A new operationalization was used to model a schema-based approach to moral judgment, as well as compare it to predictions based on the Social Intuitionist Model. Judgments were made about the moral wrongness of killing different animals. At Time 1, only moral judgments were made. At Time 2 judgments were made again, with questions and scales relating to attributing morally relevant cognitive capacities also included; further, two randomized conditions varied the presentation order of the scales. Differences between Time 1 and 2 indicated a reversed perspective-taking effect, with animals of lower capacities rated less empathically at Time 2. Affective ratings and attributed capacities were compared as different predictors, showing attributed capacities being more powerful. A group comparison was also made between active animal rights proponents and non-proponents, showing differences on several factors. These and other findings are discussed with relation to the Social Intuitionist Model and a schema-based account of morality.
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43

Kim, Yeonjeong. "Forecasting Unethical Behavior Using The Hidden Information Distribution and Evaluation (HIDE) Model." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2018. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1198.

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The ability to correctly judge moral character—an individual’s disposition to think, feel, and behave ethically—is critical considering the negative consequences of misjudgment (e.g., being betrayed or swindled). However, it is currently unknown whether people can reliably detect strangers’ moral character, nor is it known how to best elicit relevant information from strangers to determine their moral character. This research is designed to remedy this dearth in our understanding of moral character judgments, particularly in settings where we need to make prompt evaluations of strangers based on limited information that we obtained from them. The biggest challenge in assessing another person’s moral character is that it is extremely socially desirable, and therefore highly susceptible to distorted self-perceptions and impression management. To address this problem, I propose and test a new person-perception theory: the hidden information distribution and evaluation (HIDE) model. In chapter 1, I develop the HIDE model, which posits that there are aspects of information that individuals do not correctly know about themselves (which I call the hiddenself), as well as aspects of information individuals misrepresent to others (which I call the hiding-self). This model articulates when and why judges (i.e., evaluators) not personally acquainted with targets of evaluation (e.g., job applicants) can reliably detect these targets’ moral character and predict their future unethical behavior. In particular, I propose that the impromptu thinking and language usage that arises when a person answers specially designed interview questions reveal information about his/her hidden-self and hiding-self, enabling a group of judges to make valid judgments about his/her moral character. Additionally, the HIDE model predicts that judges’ evaluations using this written interview method will be more valid than evaluations provided by targets’ acquaintances. This is because social relationships can lead people to form biased impressions of targets they are acquainted with, so that they are unable to see the targets’ hidden selves as clearly as judges who do not know the targets. In chapter 2, I test the HIDE model’s prediction that groups of judges can reliably predict targets’ unethical behavior by evaluating their moral character using the written interview method. In studies 1 and 2, large groups of judges were crowd-sourced online. I show that their average moral character evaluations successfully predicts targets’ frequency of unethical behaviors in the laboratory (study 1) and the workplace (study 2). Study 3 extends these findings by determining the minimum number of judges (six) required to make moral character evaluations that predict unethical behavior. In chapter 3, I test the HIDE model’s prediction that judges’ evaluations based on the written interview method can capture unique information about targets’ hidden-self. Three empirical studies (studies 4, 5, and 6) show that these evaluations indeed capture unique variance in targets’ moral character that is missed by both self-reports and ratings provided by targets’ acquaintances. Consequently, these evaluations are more predictive of targets’ unethical behavior than the ratings provided by either the targets themselves or their acquaintances. In chapter 4, I investigate the HIDE model’s prediction that judges’ evaluations using the written interview method can capture unique information about targets’ hiding-self. This occurs because responses to the interview questions reveal implicit aspects of moral character that targets cannot control or fake, even when they want to. In study 7, I manipulated whether targets had an incentive to answer the interview questions in a positively biased manner. I show that judges’ evaluations of targets (based on the interview questions) are actually more predictive of their unethical behavior when targets were motivated to respond in a positively biased manner. Finally, in chapter 5, I carried out text analyses to explore how human judges utilize linguistic cues in written responses to form impressions of moral character, and how these cues predict targets’ unethical behavior. The goal of this chapter is to identify linguistic cues that human judges fail to correctly detect or utilize, and thus to identify shared biases in human perceptions of ethicality. Building on these exploratory text analyses, I discuss the future directions of this research program, especially the potential value of combining human judgments and machine algorithms to boost the accuracy of unethical behavior forecasts.
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Pagano, Sabrina Joy. "A model of moral emotional reactions to injustice implications for psychological well-being and prosocial action /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459906971&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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45

Kenner, Frank Michael. "An Inclusive Model of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1347727038.

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46

Jan, Shafiullah. "A critique of Islamic finance in conceptualising a development model of Islam : an attempt in Islamic moral economy." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/8503/.

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As part of Islamic identity development, in the postcolonial era Islamic economists, while dissatisfied with the western approach toward economic and institutional development, initiated a project of developing an economic system. Since, Muslim countries were faced with socio-political problems such as inequality, lack of political rights as well developmentalist failures, such cruel realities on the ground led to call for the revival of Islamic Moral Economy (IME). This socio-religiously constructed economic system understanding places the wellbeing of society at the centre and achieve human development through fair distribution and establishment of social justice and equity as proposed by maqasid al-Shari’ah or the objective of Shari’ah. While the IME project was being conceptualised, the emergence of OPEC in 1960’s and increases in wealth in the Middle East countries due to petrol price shocks added to such demand for Islamically permissible financial products and eventually led to the creation of Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) resulting in a paradigm shift from ‘searching an authentic development strategy’ to ‘financialisation of economy’. IBF was hailed as first step toward a unique and comprehensive IME, growing with more than 15% annually, which would allow Muslims to create a society based on justice and equity. However, development of debt like instruments and utilizing of such controversial instruments in majority for financing on the balance sheets of IBF clearly shows that IME discourse is only limited to the contractual aspects of these instruments. Such preference of economic incentives over religion has shifted IBF to become an integral part of international financial system. Thus, IBF, an operational tool of IME, failed to produce the economic development based on justice and equity in Muslim world as envisaged by IME, as majority of Muslim countries are still faced with basic issues such as health, education and overall wellbeing and are lagging behind on various development indices. The aim of this study, hence, is to explore IME within alternative system approach in an attempt to propose an Islamic development model, while integrating both worldly developments from Islamic perspective with the spiritual development representing a search for an Islamic authenticity in economic development. In an attempt for doing so, this research located the economic development issues in the Muslim world through an extensive analysis and also extensively analysed the aspects of Islamic banks to identify the ‘social failures of IBF’ with the objective of developing ground for the development of an authentic model. The theoretical model proposed in this study is, by definition, value laden in the sense of being determined by Islamic ontology and epistemology, integrating both qualitative and quantitative aspect of human life proposed by maqasid al-Shari’ah that not only helps to formulate policies related to economic aspect of human life but also broad enough to cover all aspects of human life in order to achieve falah in akhirah. In the model, axioms of IME and maqasid al-Shari’ah, serve as higher-order generalisations from which specific statements of lower order generality are deduced about the moral imperative which motivates individuals to work for social good. Furthermore, theoretical model of Islamic development is compared with the Sen’s capability Approach to establish parallelism in terms of processes and outcomes with the objective of identifying articulation and also the essentialisation of justice as the main crux of IME in the development process within the tawhidi knowledge universe.
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47

Howard, Laura Marks. "Moral Domain Expertise and the Complement Model: The Marriage of Virtue Ethics and Situationism for Business Ethics Programs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/238632.

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When a business organization designs an ethics program, should it adopt a situationist conception of moral psychology or a virtue approach to character building? In this dissertation I argue that the answer is, both. The complement model is a recommendation for business ethics programs that blends the best aspects of these two theories in social psychology and philosophy. I start by giving a critique of the experimental literature surrounding situationism and argue that older adults have different prosocial competencies than the younger college-age subjects used in the situationist experiments. I give an explanation of virtue development, which concludes with the claim that older adults are an overlooked resource to be used in formal ethics mentoring programs. I also present the findings from a study I conducted with business ethics professionals, which provided information that I used to formulate the recommendations for the complement model.
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48

Logan, Patricia Adele. "Enhancing counselor empathy to promote moral development and conceptual complexity: A new model for counselor preparation and supervision." W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550154121.

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49

Cincotta, Julie Passmore. "The Effect of Group Status on Moral Relativism and the Stigmatization of Mental Illness: a Social Dominance Theoretical Model." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271791/.

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This dissertation created a model to explore the effect of dominant group status on stigmatization of mental illness and on moral relativism and the interactive effect of dominant group status on stigmatization of mental illness through moral relativism. The model was conceptualized according to social dominance theory. Latent variables were created to measure moral relativism and stigmatization of mental illness. The latent measures were conceptualized according to current theories in the fields of moral relativism and stigmatization. During statistical analyses the latent measure for moral relativism was found to be unreliable. The study then became confirmatory-exploratory in nature by first comparing the fit indices of three alternate models with single-measure latent variables. The model that best fit the data was then used to conclude the exploratory research on the effect of group status on moral relativism and stigmatization of mental illness. The model was not supported by the data based on fit index and standardized residual scores.
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Goldstein, Abby. "Mood for thought, the effects of mood, motives, and gender on the accessibilty of alcohol outcome expectancies examined within an associative-network memory model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ56176.pdf.

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