Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / The history of England

Contents

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'The history of England'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'The history of England.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "The history of England"

1

Langbauer, Laurie. "Young England: Part One." Journal of Juvenilia Studies 2, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/jjs33.

Full text

Abstract:

“Young England: Part One” pursues central questions for juvenilia studies: how did the turn-of-the-century juvenile tradition influence succeeding generations of Victorian writers, and what new questions does scholarly understanding of juvenile writing in Britain allow literary critics to ask now? The Romantic-era juvenile tradition gets reconstituted through its influence on the 1840s Tory splinter movement, Young England. I argue that this contradictory, conservative group of titled young writers paradoxically reveals how the marginalized juvenile tradition calls its writers into being—and asks us to revise our ideas of literary traditions and of history in general. The young Romantics Byron and Shelley symbolized youthful writing to Young Englanders, but so did another lesser-known juvenile writer, Percy Smythe, Sixth Lord Strangford. That Strangford was father to a prominent Young Englander: George Smythe, later Seventh Lord Strangford. In recovering both Strangfords’ literary juvenilia, Part One considers the rethinking of genealogy and succession within writing by young authors—arguing it underlies Young England as youth movement, especially its sense of history as ultimately inaccessible but vital nonetheless in its construction. Part Two (JJS 3.2, June 2020) will look more closely at how Young England’s shaping fantasy of history depends on youth. It focuses on the self-fashioning within its contradictions of one-time juvenile writer and Young England’s mentor, Benjamin Disraeli (later Prime Minister and Earl of Beaconsfield)—contradictions employing signifiers of youth that were generative of his virtuoso performance as writer, celebrity, and statesman.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hunt, John J., and Robert Ensor. "Oxford History of England: England, 1870-1914." History Teacher 20, no. 3 (May 1987): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/493131.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Fuchs, Konrad. "A History of England." Philosophy and History 20, no. 2 (1987): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philhist1987202109.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Jennings, J. R. "Conceptions of England and its Constitution in Nineteenth-Century French Political Thought." Historical Journal 29, no. 1 (March 1986): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00018628.

Full text

Abstract:

References to England abound in nineteenth-century French political thought and what interested French writers about England varied enormously. English education, agriculture, religion, morals, national character, social structure: all figured in their writings. Very few failed to take note of England's rapid industrial growth and commercial power. England, in the words of Eugène Buret, was ‘le pays privilégié pour les études sociales’. Few Frenchmen, however, developed an enthusiastic admiration for English philosophy in this period. Yet there was one prevailing and predominant theme in French writings about England.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Dupree, Marguerite, and David Hey. "Family History and Local History in England." Economic History Review 42, no. 1 (February 1989): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2597066.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hindle, Brooke, and Asa Briggs. "A Social History of England." Technology and Culture 27, no. 1 (January 1986): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3104955.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Cvornyek, Robert L., and Leslie Ann Schuster. "New England Labor History Conference." International Labor and Working-Class History 45 (1994): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900012539.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Veak, Tyler. "Environmental History of New England." Organization & Environment 15, no. 3 (September 2002): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086026602153007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Foulger, Wendy. "Local family history in England." Journal of Rural Studies 8, no. 3 (July 1992): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(92)90011-t.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

KRAMER, LLOYD. "INTELLECTUAL HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY." Modern Intellectual History 1, no. 1 (April 2004): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244303000064.

Full text

Abstract:

Donald R. Kelley, The Descent of Ideas: The History of Intellectual History (Aldershot, England/Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002)Mark Bevir, The Logic of the History of Ideas (Cambridge, England/New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The history of England"

1

Hess, Ann Giardina. "Community case studies of midwives from England and New England, c. 1650-1720." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272475.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Benoit, Marisa Noelle. "Attitudes towards infertility in early modern England and colonial New England, c. 1620-1720." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2adc1e0d-55c2-4e99-b3b3-5efbca5be8dd.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis examines attitudes toward infertility in early modern England and colonial New England from c.1620 to 1720 through infertility’s representation in contemporary medical, religious, and literary sources. This study uses an expanded definition of infertility, namely a 'spectrum of infertility', to capture the tensions that arose during periods of infertility and experiences of reproductive failure such as miscarriages, stillbirths, monstrous births, and false conceptions. A spectrum, more than a modern definition, more accurately represents the range of bodily conditions experienced by early modern women and men that indicated reproductive disorder in the body; by extension, the language of infertility expressed fears about disorder in times of social, religious, and political crisis in early modern society. The two societies' relationship was often described through reproductive language and the language of infertility appears in both societies when order - within the body, within marriages, or within and between communities - was threatened. This thesis contributes to a growing body of scholarship on infertility in early modern society by analysing its presence in communications within and between early modern England and colonial New England. It argues that understanding the English origins of the colonists' attitudes toward infertility is fundamental both to understanding the close connection between the two societies and to providing context for the colonists' perceptions about their encounters with new lands, bodies, environments, and reasons for emigration. As a result, this thesis seeks to break new ground in providing an overview of social, medical, and cultural reactions in both England and New England, demonstrating that similar language and tropes were used in both regions to communicate concerns about infertility. Exploring the interplay between the many sources addressing this health issue more accurately represents the complexity of early modern attitudes toward infertility, and the intimacy of the relationship between the fledgling New England colonies and their metaphorical Mother England.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Bailey, Keith Alan. "The metamorphosis of Battersea, 1800-1914 : a building history." Thesis, n.p, 1995. http://oro.open.ac.uk/18803/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Childers, Ben D. "Explorations into England's economic-demographic history /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9737897.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Slater, Graeme Paul. "Authorship and authority in Hume's History of England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314546.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Chaplin, Patrick. "Darts in England 1900-1939 : a social history." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438247.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Port, Niklas. "The Stuff of Gentility : Class, Roles and Slander in Early Modern England." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384274.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis tests the models of Class and Roles on Early Modern English society through documents from the High Court of Chivalry. It analyses the role of the Court and the individuals who used the court in defining and negotiating class lines and the Social Order. It analyses how the class lines were perceived within the court and how the Court treated individuals differently dependent upon their Class and title. It shows how the line between commoner and gentleman was actively defined by those who claimed and challenged to be gentlemen. Then, the importance of Performative roles is introduced and how the “role of gentleman” was something that needed to be claimed, performed, and believed in order for people to treat someone like a gentleman. Furthermore, additional roles within a community are introduced that either overlapped or challenged the role of gentleman, complicating and confusing the expectations for social interaction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Behrstock-Sherratt, Ellen. "Teacher shortage in England and Illinois : a comparative history." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Khee, Boon Alan Tan. "Urbanization and Feminization: Discussing Servants in Eighteenth-century England." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-422914.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Good, Kit. "England goes to war 1914-15." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272832.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Books on the topic "The history of England"

1

Macaulay, Macaulay Thomas Babington. History of England. London: Continuum International Pub. Group, 2009.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Adams, George Burton. Constitutional history of England. Holmes Beach, Fla: Gaunt, 1996.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

1923-, Roberts David, and Bisson Douglas R. 1954-, eds. A history of England. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

1923-, Roberts David, ed. A history of England. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1985.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

1923-, Roberts David, ed. A history of England. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1991.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Halliday, F. E. England: A concise history. London: Thames and Hudson, 1997.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Roberts, Clayton. A history of England. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

1914-, Trevor-Roper H. R., ed. The history of England. London: Penguin Books, 1986.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Weisser, Henry. England: An illustrated history. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2000.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

1901-, Willson David Harris, and Willson David Harris 1901-, eds. A history of England. 4th ed. Fort Worth: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1991.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Book chapters on the topic "The history of England"

1

Lawrence, C. H. "Medieval England." In Handbook for History Teachers, 755–65. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-121.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Harries, Eileen. "Medieval England." In Handbook for History Teachers, 540–51. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-76.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Black, Michael. "The Rainbow as History." In Lawrence’s England, 55–68. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-64303-5_4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Tendler, Joseph. "‘Historians against History’: England." In Opponents of the Annales School, 121–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137294982_7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Ellis, E. L., A. J. Harrington, J. A. King, and O. Wood. "England: 1815–1914." In Handbook for History Teachers, 336–43. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-38.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Harries, Eileen. "Anglo-Saxon England." In Handbook for History Teachers, 306–10. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-33.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Roy, Ian. "England: 1603-1714." In Handbook for History Teachers, 773–81. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-123.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Dwyer, F. J. "England: 1714-1815." In Handbook for History Teachers, 332–35. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-37.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Jones, Madeline V. "England: 1603–1714." In Handbook for History Teachers, 327–31. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-36.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Pitceathly, Hamish. "England: 1485-1603." In Handbook for History Teachers, 320–26. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-35.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "The history of England"

1

Konoplyuk, Natalia. "HISTORY AND SPACE MODEL OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN JULIAN BARNES�S NOVEL ENGLAND, ENGLAND." In 6th SWS International Scientific Conference on Arts and Humanities ISCAH 2019. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sws.iscah.2019.1/s27.063.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Marsh, J. O. "Iron in the backbone. Naval dockyards in southern England and the development of iron-framed buildings." In 29th Annual Weekend Meeting History of Electrical Engineering. IEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20010176.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Bovill, E., K. A. Bauer, P. Callas, B. West, and J. D. Dickerman. "THE CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY IN A LARGE NEW ENGLAND KINDRED." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644305.

Full text

Abstract:

A family with a high incidence of venous thromboembolism over six generations has been investigated. Medical histories have been obtained on 136 of the 368 members of the kindred which allowed assignment of individuals into positive, equivocal, or negative categories with respect to their thrombotic manifestations. Protein C levels were determined by antigenic assay. Patients with protein C levels less than 66% of normal (mean, minus 2 SD) were classified as having protein C deficiency.The mean age of onset of thrombotic manifestations in the 10 protein C deficient patients with a positive history was 33.8 ± 16.4 years while the mean age of the deficient group with a negative history was 22.0 ± 10.9 years. We conclude that there exists a striking association between thromboembolic disease and protein C deficiency within this large New England kindred.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Vyazova, Ekaterina. "Mikhail Larionov and Roger Fry: to the History of Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in England in Late 1910s." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassee-18.2018.2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Luo, Yantao, Maureen Long, Paul M. Karabinos, Yvette D. Kuiper, and Stephane Rondenay. "HIGH RESOLUTION RECEIVER FUNCTION PROFILE BENEATH CONNECTICUT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TECTONIC HISTORY OF SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND." In Northeastern Section-56th Annual Meeting-2021. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021ne-361885.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Sharpe, Tom. "THE EARLY JURASSIC SEQUENCE OF LYME REGIS, DORSET, ENGLAND AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-366662.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. "COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE, BASEMENT COVER RELATIONS, TECTONIC HISTORY OF MESOPROTEROZOIC BASEMENT MASSIFS OF THE WESTERN NEW ENGLAND, VERMONT TO NEW YORK." In Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-344669.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Bartlett, Angela, Mike Davies, Peter Burgess, and Gavin Coppins. "Integrating History and Measurement Into a Case for Site Release." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59131.

Full text

Abstract:

The United Kingdom nuclear research programme started in the 1940s. Research Sites Restoration Limited (RSRL) is responsible for the restoration of two sites which were at the forefront of this research, under a programme funded by the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). These are the 100 hectare Harwell site in Oxfordshire and the 84 hectare Winfrith site on the south coast of England. The work performed on these sites covered a huge range of nuclides, combinations of nuclides, chemical and physical processes, far more complicated than a power station, for example. The sites have a complex history with records of hundreds of buildings, many kilometres of drainage systems, groundwater contamination issues and land areas which require remediation. Formal work towards site release began in the 1990s, but demolition and clearance for re-use started many years earlier. An efficient restoration programme requires appropriate quality data. It is vital to decide what you need to know and how well you need to know it. As part of this, a challenging number of factors need to be considered in its design. This paper discusses these factors using the examples of the approach used at the Harwell and Winfrith sites including: • historical knowledge and associated uncertainties; • relevant clearance criteria; • availability and limitations of surveying equipment; • effective targeted and validation sampling with appropriate analytical methods; • data capture and analysis techniques; • effective communication between RSRL and the relevant technical teams; • mapping technologies (Global Positioning Systems, Geographical Information Systems); • use of Babcock’s IMAGES land quality software tool; • integration of the above over long time scales. The RSRL programme of works at the Harwell and Winfrith Sites is producing large volumes of different types of information from decommissioning, site investigation and remediation projects. This will be required to be accessible and understandable to support the process of site release which will continue over many years. The paper illustrates the methods by which RSRL is using effective knowledge management to compile a verifiable record to support site release as the site restoration works progress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

A. Mann, C. "A Seismic Survey in the Historic City of Bath - Somerset, England." In 62nd EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.28.l10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Fannon, David, and Jamaica Reese-Julian. "Conserving Energy, Conserving Buildings: Airtightness Testing in Historic New England Homes." In 7th International Building Physics Conference. Syracuse, New York: International Association of Building Physics (IABP), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14305/ibpc.2018.hf-2.01.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "The history of England"

1

DeGraaf, Richard M., and Deborah D. Rudis. New England wildlife: Habitat, natural history, and distribution. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-108.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Morang, Andrew. Hurricane Barriers in New England and New Jersey - History and Status After Four Decades. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473784.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Doblhammer, Gabriele. Reproductive history and mortality later in life: a comparative study of England & Wales and Austria. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-1999-004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Brooks, Robert T., Thomas S. Frieswyk, Douglas M. Griffith, Ellen Cooter, Luther Smith, and Luther Smith. The New England forest: baseline for New England forest health monitoring. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-rb-124.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wardhaugh, Benjamin. Learning Geometry in Georgian England. Washington, DC: The MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/loci003930.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Ryerson, Charles C. New England Mountain Icing Climatology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada200287.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Adam, Stuart, Andrew Hood, Robert Joyce, and Daniel Chandler. Social Housing in England: A Survey. Institute for Fiscal Studies, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2015.00178.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Brooks, Robert T., David B. Kittredge, Carol L. Alerich, and Carol L. Alerich. Forest resources of southern New England. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-rb-127.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Bellmer, Russell J., and Noel Davis. New England Division Diving Manual. Revision. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada336532.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

DeGraaf, Richard M., Mariko Yamasaki, William B. Leak, and John W. Lanier. New England wildlife: management forested habitats. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-144.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!