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Vigren, Malcolm, and Linus Eriksson. "End-to-End Road Lane Detection and Estimation using Deep Learning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157645.
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The interest for autonomous driving assistance, and in the end, self-driving cars, has increased vastly over the last decade. Automotive safety continues to be a priority for manufacturers, politicians and people alike. Visual-based systems aiding the drivers have lately been boosted by advances in computer vision and machine learning. In this thesis, we evaluate the concept of an end-to-end machine learning solution for detecting and classifying road lane markings, and compare it to a more classical semantic segmentation solution. The analysis is based on the frame-by-frame scenario, and shows that our proposed end-to-end system has clear advantages when it comes detecting the existence of lanes and producing a consistent, lane-like output, especially in adverse conditions such as weak lane markings. Our proposed method allows the system to predict its own confidence, thereby allowing the system to suppress its own output when it is not deemed safe enough. The thesis finishes with proposed future work needed to achieve optimal performance and create a system ready for deployment in an active safety product.
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Ditterich, Enio Jose. "John Barth's The end of the road." [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/24372.
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Tiemeyer, Stacy. "Health care occupations: road to success or path to dead end?" Thesis, Wichita State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3335.
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Health care provides an attractive career choice for individuals seeking employment in a growing field with livable wages and quality benefits. Jobs in health care services are projected to increase significantly in the coming decades. Like other skilled professions, significant disparities exist regarding who works in the positions that are highest paying and often most rewarding. This project investigates the representation and incomes of mi norities in health care professions. Individual, structural, and race/gender theories provide the theoretical framework for the composite model. Using secondary data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) March 2008 Annual Social & Economic Supplement (ASEC), a sample of 19,693 health care workers were used for this study. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used to test the composite model hypotheses. The findings of this research indicate that net of other factors, minority health care workers earn $3,036 less annually than non-minorities. Additionally, minorities are disproportionately concentrated in lower compensating occupations.<br>Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Sociology
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Toriola-Coker, Olalekan Luqman. "End-user stakeholders' management framework for public private partnership road project in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/47098/.
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Many developing nations such as Nigeria have embraced PPP approach in order to bridge their significant infrastructural gaps such as prisons, roads, schools, rail tracks and train systems, among others, through Public Private Partnership (PPP) schemes which have gained international recognition in the last two decades. One of the major factors militating against PPP projects successful growth and development in Nigeria and some part of the world is poor end-user stakeholder management. There is a paucity of research on end-user stakeholder management in PPP projects within Nigerian context despite significant efforts on researchwhich informs this study aim to develop a framework that will encapsulate the strategic approach for successful management of the diverse interests of end user stakeholders of the PPP road projects in Nigeria. The pragmatism philosophical paradigms with the mixed method approach were adopted. The case study and survey strategies were used with end-users and professionals that have worked on the PPP projects as target respondents. The two cases used are Lekki-Epe PPP toll road and Apakun Muritala Muhammed PPP toll road. Eighteen interviews were carried out and analysed using thematic analysis (qualitative). A total number of 282 completed questionnaires were retrieved and analysed using reliability and factor analysis (quantitative). The thematic analysis resulted in 29 themes which were used to create the 33 variables used in questionnaire. Reliability analysis of questionnaire data revealed five variables as unreliable. Factor analysis of the remaining 28 variables revealed seven valid underlying factors which affects end-users stakeholders’ management framework in PPP road project in Lagos Nigeria. These factors are: safety efforts by the contractor; socio-economic impact; benefit realisation and community participation; environmental impact; public utilities compensation; integration with the host community; and integration with political groups. Considering all these factors, it can be concluded that the end-users stakeholders believed that their active involvement in decision-making on PPP projects from inception to conclusion is a major solution to the problem of end-user stakeholder’s agitation in Nigeria.
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Johnson, Nicholas S. "Serious and Fatal Injury Risk in Road Departure Crashes with Guardrail." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73706.
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Guardrails are a key safety feature of modern roadways. Collisions with many roadside hazards, e.g. trees, poles and culverts, can be dangerous and guardrail prevents many crashes with such hazards. However, using guardrail safely and effectively is a challenging problem in itself. This research examined two aspects of the problem: 1) assessment of the injury risks posed by guardrail itself; 2) determination of appropriate guardrail length.
When controlling for other factors, light truck / van / sport utility vehicles (LTVs) showed injury odds 3.9 times greater in end terminal crashes compared to guardrail face crashes, while cars showed no significant increase in injury odds. Additionally, the odds of injury in frontal end terminal crashes appeared to be between 3.9 and 5.0 times lower when the terminal design was compliant with the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 350 crash testing protocol, compared to non-compliant designs. Rollover occurred in 10 % of all frontal guardrail crashes, and was initiated by the guardrail in roughly 46 % of instances. The evidence indicates that end terminal contact increases rollover odds by 6.9 times compared to guardrail face contact for LTVs, but not for cars. NCHRP 350 compliance of end terminals was not observed to have any significant effect on rollover propensity.
In side-impact crashes with guardrail, end terminal crashes represented only about 25% of crashes but accounted for more than 70 % of the injuries sustained. End terminals compliant with NCHRP-350 may be about five times as safe as non-compliant designs, but the difference appears to be overshadowed by the high degree of risk involved in striking any narrow fixed object with the side of the vehicle. A somewhat larger sample appears necessary to make this finding significant at the 95 % confidence level. Only about 20 % of rollovers in non-tracking guardrail side crashes are initiated by contact with the rail; 80 % are initiated by some subsequent contact. Those rollovers which are rail-initiated appear to be about twice as likely to be initiated by a terminal as by the guardrail face.
Cars showed odds of minor to severe injury 3.6 times greater than LTVs in end terminal crashes. End terminal designs compliant with NCHRP 350 were not observed to carry significantly different odds of minor to severe injury than non-compliant end terminals. The findings control for driver seat belt use, rollover occurrence, terminal orientation (leading/trailing), control-loss and the number of impact events. Rollover and non-use of seatbelts were observed to carry much larger increases in risk than end terminal type.
For cars, electronic stability control (ESC) reduces odds of fatal crashes with roadside barriers by about 50 % For LTVs, ESC reduces barrier fatality odds by about 40 %. Based on the effectiveness levels observed in this research, it is estimated that ESC could prevent about 410 out of 1180 possible barrier-related fatalities per year by 2028, when 75 % of the fleet is estimated to be equipped with ESC. The study findings suggest that ESC significantly reduces road departures into roadside barriers, and/or that ESC changes departure conditions so that barrier crashes have less severe outcomes.
This research has compared the current standard procedure for computing guardrail length of need (LON) with 'departure corridors' based on real-world road departure trajectories. Due to the current procedure's simplified treatment of road departure geometry, LON recommended by the current procedure becomes very conservative for hazards located closer to the roadside, and less conservative for hazards located further away. By contrast, the departure corridor technique developed in this research provides a known, precisely defined level of protection which remains the same for different hazard offsets. Departure corridors can be made for any desired level of protection, and the technique provides flexibility in how protection may be defined. Most importantly, the departure corridor technique is fundamentally more realistic than the current standard procedure and gives LON recommendations which provide protection levels that can be easily communicated to policy makers and other stakeholders.<br>Ph. D.
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Glesser, David. "Road to exascale : improving scheduling performances and reducing energy consumption with the help of end-users." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM044/document.
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Le domaine du calcul haute performance (i.e. la science des super-calculateurs)est caractérisé par l’évolution continuelle des architectures de calcul, la proliférationdes ressources de calcul et la complexité croissante des problèmes que les utilisateursveulent résoudre. Un des logiciels les plus importants de la pile logicielle dessupercalculateurs est le Système de Gestion des Ressources et des Tâches. Il est lelien entre la charge de travail donnée par les utilisateurs et la plateforme de calcul. Cetype de logiciels spécialisés fournit des fonctions pour construire, soumettre, planifieret surveiller les tâches dans un environnent de calcul complexe et dynamique.Pour pouvoir atteindre des supercalculateurs exaflopiques, de nouvelles con-traintes et objectifs ont été inventés. Cette thèse développe et teste l’idée que lesutilisateurs de ces systèmes peuvent aider à atteindre l’échelle exaflopique. Spé-cifiquement, nous montrons des techniques qui utilisent les comportements desutilisateurs pour améliorer la consommation énergétique et les performances glob-ales des supercalculateurs.Pour tester ces nouvelles techniques, nous avons besoin de nouveaux outils etméthodes qui sont capables d’aller jusqu’à l’échelle exaflopique. Nous proposonsdonc des outils qui permettent de tester de nouveaux algorithmes capables des’exécuter sur ces systèmes. Ces outils sont capables de fonctionner sur de petitssupercalculateurs en émulant ou simulant des systèmes plus puissants. Après avoirévalué différentes techniques pour mesurer l’énergie dans les supercalculateurs, nousproposons une nouvelle heuristique, basée sur un algorithme répandu (Easy Backfill-ing), pour pouvoir contrôler la puissance électrique de ces énormes systèmes. Nousmontrons aussi comment, en utilisant la même méthode, contrôler la consommationénergétique pendant une période de temps. Le mécanisme proposé peut limiterla consommation énergétique tout en gardant des performances satisfaisantes. Sil’énergie est une ressource limitée, il faut la partager équitablement. Nous présen-tons de plus un mécanisme permettant de partager la consommation énergétiqueentre les utilisateurs. Nous soutenons que cette méthode va motiver les utilisateursà réduire la consommation énergétique de leurs calculs. Finalement, nous analysonsle comportement actuel et passé des utilisateurs pour améliorer les performancesdes supercalculateurs. Cette approche non seulement surpasse les performances destravaux existants, mais aussi ouvre la voie à l’utilisation de méthodes semblablesdans d’autres aspects des Systèmes de Gestion des Ressources et des Tâches<br>The field of High Performance Computing (HPC) is characterized by the contin-uous evolution of computing architectures, the proliferation of computing resourcesand the increasing complexity of applications users wish to solve. One of the mostimportant software of the HPC stack is the Resource and Job Management System(RJMS) which stands between the user workloads and the platform, the applica-tions and the resources. This specialized software provides functions for building,submitting, scheduling and monitoring jobs in a dynamic and complex computingenvironment.In order to reach exaflops HPC systems, new constraints and objectives havebeen introduced. This thesis develops and tests the idea that the users of suchsystems can help reaching the exaflopic scale. Specifically, we show and introducenew techniques that employ users behaviors to improve energy consumption andoverall cluster performances.To test the proposed techniques, we need to develop new tools and method-ologies that scale up to large HPC clusters. Thus, we designed adequate tools thatassess new RJMS scheduling algorithms of such large systems. These tools areable to run on small clusters by emulating or simulating bigger platforms. Afterevaluating different techniques to measure the energy consumption of HPC clusters,we propose a new heuristic, based on the popular Easy Backfilling algorithm, inorder to control the power consumption of such huge systems. We also demonstrate,using the same idea, how to control the energy consumption during a time period.The proposed mechanism is able to limit the energy consumption while keepingsatisfying performances. If energy is a limited resource, it has to be shared fairly.We also present a mechanism which shares energy consumption among users. Weargue that sharing fairly the energy among users should motivate them to reducethe energy consumption of their applications. Finally, we analyze past and presentbehaviors of users using learning algorithms in order to improve the performancesof the parallel platforms. This approach does not only outperform state of the artmethods, it also shows promising insight on how such method can improve otheraspects of RJMS
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Nimmo, Heather. "Three plays : The other woman, Banana split, Awa' the crow road ; and an essay, Writing the end." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2005. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/645.
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The Other Woman is an eighty-minute stage play which asks the question: Do women really play the political game differently? A high-flying politician can't admit to a small mistake. A woman kills herself. Does her mother want justice or revenge? Banana Split is a ninety-minute comedy for two actors which investigates life after divorce, the connections between risk and reward, and the implications of doubling (or coupling). The play asks a number of questions: Is it riskier to stay or to go? Which is the more damaging to a relationship-nostalgia for a golden age or the fantasy of a perfect future? Awa’ the Crow Road is a half-hour play for radio. Two brothers are brought to Australia from Scotland, as children. Their father tells them;' We're here. We're Australian. We're not going back.' One brother goes back 10 Scotland. never to return. The other stays in Australia, never to leave. Thirty years pass. They meet again when their father is 'awa' the crow road'. The essay, Writing the end, examines selected literary and performance theory on endings from the perspective of the playwright who must write the end but avoid 'a strangulation'. Later sections of the essay use the endings of the three plays that make up the creative project, to illustrate more specific aspects of writing the end.
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Breytenbach, I. J. "The relationship between index testing and California Bearing Ratio values for natural road construction materials in South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12152009-144255.
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Pearsall, Sarah E. "South Road." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/821.
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SOUTH ROAD, a novel told in third-person limited, follows Adrienne Harris as she navigates the trials of her coming-of-age summer and then must deal with the aftermath. 1997: seventeen-year-old Adrienne Harris wants nothing more than to flee her eccentric grandmother’s rule and leave Harbor Point and never look back. When she meets her new neighbors, Adrienne knows her life will never be the same. Adrienne quickly falls in love with the charismatic Quinn Merritt. They decide to keep their relationship a secret since both families disapprove. This secret starts a chain reaction that seemingly leads to the suicide of the troubled and poetic Lucas Merritt. The summer culminates with Adrienne running away, pregnant and heartbroken. 2011: thirty-one-year-old Adrienne is an out of work line cook and single mother. The story opens as Adrienne reluctantly returns home to Harbor Point to care for her ailing grandmother. Once home, Adrienne has to confront the things that haunt her—the summer she met and lost both Merritt brothers, and also her dysfunctional relationship with her grandmother—in order to heal and repair her own life and her relationship with her daughter.
In the end, Adrienne discovers many truths that alter her perception of her past in Harbor Point. Adrienne is finally able to move forward and start to build a life for her and her daughter. Harbor Point, the last place in the world Adrienne Harris wanted to be, turns out to be the only place she wants to call home.
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LeClair, Carmen Gayle. "The end of the (Peaceful Development) Road? will the global financial crisis threaten the China-Southeast Asia relationship? /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/456291129/viewonline.
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Tangpithakkul, Rawee. "Study of permeability of pavement base matrials." Ohio : Ohio University, 1997. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1184344573.
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Condra, Bryan. "The Open Road." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1632.
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In our journeys on the open road, we travel through a landscape of visual imagery composed of patterns, rhythms and a spectrum of changing colors. Our previous experiences, mental and physical attitudes and expectations, shape our perceptions. By visually interpreting and presenting my experiences of the journey on the open road I hoped to tell a story of how the open road energizes the creative spirit. My goal was to explore how the landscape is altered by motion and speed as we pass through it, and how the journey can be experienced in various ways. I wanted to investigate and interpret how we shift the boundaries of our perceptions.
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Albarran, Louis. "The Face of God at the End of the Road: The Sacramentality of Jack Kerouac in Lowell, America, and Mexico." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375235381.
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Buro, Elizabeth. "The Road from Emmaus." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1930.
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THE ROAD FROM EMMAUS is a collection of 20 personal and lyric essays that explores the narrator’s role as mother and daughter through a close look at significant life events, including her parents’ divorce, a high-risk pregnancy, the death of her father, talking to her daughter for the first time about sex, and accompanying her daughter to the DMV for a learner’s permit. Through examining familial roles and relationships, the narrator’s longing for home emerges as a unifying theme.
The essays in THE ROAD FROM EMMAUS vary in style and tone, from light and funny to serious and probing. The collection is divided into five sections, each highlighting a different aspect of the narrator’s life as she evolves from a child, to a young adult, a mother, and a daughter who must help take care of her aging parents.
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Trauth, Erin. "Tumbleweed Road: A Novel." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1794.
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Tumbleweed Road is a novel that began as a short story in a fiction workshop many years ago. The novel is set in the contemporary American South and traces one tumultuous summer in the life of a 14-year-old girl named Carolina Wells. The plot of the story is as follows: Carolina, a 14-year-old girl from Crow, Florida, does not understand her mother and remembers little about her past. In the story, we meet Carolina, her mother, "Mama," and two brothers, Johnny and Austin. Carolina does not understand her mother and her wild nature. At home, Carolina is forced to care for her two younger brothers. Carolina's father is long gone out of the picture, and Carolina was always told by her mother that she has no father - no one worth speaking of, anyway. Carolina can't remember why her father is gone, but remembers the fight that caused him to leave, and she blames her mother entirely for his leaving when she was just a toddler. Carolina questions her Mama about the disappearance of her father, but she refuses to even speak his name. Carolina desperately wants normalcy, family, and love - through a series of life-changing events involving a range of characters, including a spiritual woman across Tumbleweed Road, a mysterious girl named West and an old friend named Cade, this novel is about Carolina's quest to find her place in this world.
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Rivera-Ruiz, Aida Belén. "By the Side of the Road: An Interpretive Look at Road Menders' Houses." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626292.
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Renzella, Brian N. "Remote sensing of corridor landscapes a case study of the National Road Wheeling, West Virginia /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3956.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2005.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 62 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
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Castillo, William A. "Analysis of road pricing, metering and the priority treatment of high occupancy vehicles using system dynamics." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020156/.
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Bammi, Sachin. "Quantitative Analysis of Variability and Uncertainty in On-Road and Non-Road Mobile Source Emission Factors." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20010806-122200.
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<p>BAMMI, SACHIN. Quantitative Analysis of Variability and Uncertainty in On-Road and Non-Road Mobile Source Emission Factors. (Under the direction of Dr. H Christopher Frey.) The goal of this research is to demonstrate a methodology for quantifying variability and uncertainty in mobile source emissions. Emission factors and emission estimates are subject to both variability and uncertainty. Variability in emissions deals with real differences in emissions among multiple emission sources at any given time or over time for any individual emission source. Variability is the heterogeneity of values of a quantity with respect time space or across a population. Uncertainty in emissions on the other hand implies the lack of knowledge regarding the true value of emissions. In this research variability and uncertainty are treated separately since their sources are different and as such they affect the decision making process in a different way. For example, sources of variability in mobile source emissions include: vehicle make; ambient temperature; vehicle model; fuel used; vehicle age; and/or driving behavior. Sources of uncertainty may include: small sample sizes; lack of precision and/or accuracy in measurements; non-representativeness; or lack of data. In this work a methodology for simultaneous characterization of variability and uncertainty in mobile source emission factors is described. Variability is characterized by fitting probability distributions to the data sets. Uncertainty due to random sampling error is characterized by using the parametric Bootstrap technique.This methodology is demonstrated for emission factors for three categories: (1) Onroad mobile source exhaust air toxic emissions (2) nonroad lawn and garden equipment emissions and (3) nonroad construction farm and industrial equipment emissions. For the first category a database of vehicular exhaust emissions developed by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) was used. For the second and third categories emission factor databases were developed by reviewing reports and/or technical papers from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), CARB and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).The main results regarding the demonstrated methodology and related statistical analysis in this research include: (1) emission factor groupings were determined statistically (e.g. by engine size for lawn and garden engines); (2) substantial inter-engine variability in emissions was discovered; and (3) large ranges of uncertainty in mean emissions were found in many cases. In particular, uncertainty ranges for the mean emission factors were in excess of ±20 percent in most cases and as high as minus 49 percent to plus 89 percent.<P>
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Naji, Jamil Abdul-Rabb. "Road accident analysis in Yemen : the identification of shortcomings in road accident data, data adjustment, cost and development of road fatality model." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1996. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/road-accident-analysis-in-yemen(8586c669-4709-4b2c-9d83-45003bc5d0bf).html.
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The true extent of the road accident problem in Yemen is questionable. Some agencies and citizens believe that the safety situation in Yemen is very critical while others disagree with this belief. Both sides however, agree that the road accident problem in Yemen is such that it requires considerable attention. Since Yemen has no history in road safety research and since there is no reliable road accident data in the country, making final judgements on the situation is difficult unless supported by adequate research. The aim of the present research is to provide a better understanding of the road accident problem in the Yemen. This can be made by investigation of the real dimensions of the road accident problem. This includes the identification of the shortcomings in road accident data, the cost of road accidents and modelling road accident fatalities.
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Obuzor, Gift Nwadinma. "Development of technology for the construction of low-cost road embankments." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2011. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/development-of-technology-for-the-construction-of-lowcost-road-embankments(e92d7c4e-e9d5-47e8-bf8e-e4b66769dd2d).html.
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It is envisaged that flood plains will be put into more active usage to meet the increasing demands for road infrastructural development as well as relieve the pressure exerted on arable lands owing to infrastructural development activities. This is consequent upon the general shortfall in the availability of soils possessing the right engineering properties to carry infrastructures such as roads which consume large tracks of land. Expanding the global infrastructural base is inevitable due to the ever increasing human population and the need to meet their social, economic, political and transportation needs. However, owing to the prevailing environmental awareness campaigns fronted by different environmental agencies, there is the need to regulate and monitor the interaction of the processes involved in the provision of these needs with the limited resources as well as the environmental aftermath associated with such operations. The stabilization of flood plain soils for road embankment construction is envisaged to reduce the demand on the material resources required to build classical high embankments in flood prone areas as well as offer implied mitigating dimensions in the restoration of environmental integrity. This impliedly will reduce the use of traditionally unsustainable methods of soil stabilization such as, the excavation and importation of new materials, to a more robust system that will offer environmental friendliness amidst value engineering for better strength and durability results. The experimental processes involved the simulation of flooding scenarios in the laboratory, to monitor the strength and durability aspects of low-bearing-capacity soils (such as Lower Oxford Clay) stabilized with blended mixes of the traditional stabilizer of lime and the novel materials of lime and Ground Granulated Blastfumace Slag (GOBS) by-product combined. Preliminary investigations were carried out on the Lower Oxford Clay soil to establish the moisture and compaction requirements of the material. Different mix compositions were formulated by incrementally replacing the amount of lime in the system with GOBS. This was based on the premise that high stabilizer contents could offer better stabilization to flood susceptible geo-materials upon flooding. A high stabilizer level of 16% was therefore investigated. Regimes of different blending ratios were established as follows: 16%Lime-0%GGBS, 12%Lime-4%GGBS, 8%Lime-8%GGBS, 4%Lime-12%GGBS and 0%Lime-16%GGBS and tested at moisture contents of 23%, 28%, 33% and 38%. The two extremes 16%Lime-0%GGBS and 0%Lime-16GGBS were used as controls. A system of elimination based on strength criteria was employed, where only the 8%Lime- 8%GGBS and 4%Lime-12%GGBS mixtures were deemed fit to be investigated further to determine their resistance to challenging environmental factors of flooding. The test samples were cylindrical, measuring 50 mm in diameter and 100 mm long, and these were compacted using a static compaction apparatus to achieve Maximum Dry Density (MDD). Depending on the testing regime to be applied to a given specimen, a curing pattern was defined and samples were wrapped in cling film to minimise moisture losses. At the end of each curing period of 7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days, one of the experimental procedures which ranged from Unconfined Compressive Strength, Water Absorption, Volume Stability, Permeability, Soaked Strength and Durability Index Assessment or Compressibility Assessment was carried out on the moist cured samples. Following these assessments, the 4%Lime-12%GGBS mix composition was appraised to have overall improved characteristics with the added benefit of reduced cost of material utilisation. Based on the available data, regression analyses were carried out and equations established for predicting the strength values of stabilized materials. Using these equations further extrapolations were made and the observable trends were those of the dependence of compressive strength on the age of moist curing and the compaction moisture contents at which samples were produced at given blended mixture. Cost-benefit-risk analysis was also carried out with a further cost annualisation of the capital and operational cost of a selected system. It is reassuring to learn that at replacement level of lime with GOBS of 4%Lime-12%GGBS it was possible to establish multi-binder mixtures that could be effectively used for sustainable construction in flood prone areas with enormous savings accruing from the possible higher strength and enhanced durability indices achievable over traditional unsustainable options of continued over-reliance on lime and Portland cement.
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Moynahan, Nathan A. "Development of a vehicle road load model for ECU broadcast power verification in on-road emissions testing." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4454.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 117 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
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ANSELMETTI, Romain. "The Autonomous Vehicle: End of the Road, or the Beginning of A New Era? : Concept and Challenges of a Disruptive Innovation within the Automotive Industry." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189246.
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The Autonomous Vehicle is about to enter the mass-market. The question is not about when it will happen but in which conditions, under which form or who will be the first car manufacturer to release an efficient and reliable final product.By now, the equation has not been solved, due to the high price of the technologies needed, the lack of solutions to provide a reliable network, and the necessity to change conventions established a long time ago in terms of responsibility of the driver.Depending on who is talking, the Autonomous vehicle is not only an evolution of a previous product, which is able to evaluate and to progressively transform into something different that we could call a self-driven car. This innovation is one step further and is challenging everything that was established until now in terms of objective criteria expected from a car. This is why some are calling this a disruptive innovation, or even a revolution, in the sense that it has the power to totally change the way we are interacting with our everyday transportation system.To enter into the market, this technology, this product, will have to overcome some challenges, on the technological side but also on the psychological side of his future clients.Therefore, this thesis research analyses why this innovation could be the future of the Automotive industry, where it is coming from, what are the challenges it will have to overcome, which will be the impacts, and the different possible scenarios.
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Ryan, Bernadene J. "Life Change Narratives: When The Road Diverges." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1505.
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Transformation events can be a change in a person's work, a change in philosophy, a sudden insight, or a break in a relationship. According to David Hufford and Marilyn Motz, narrating these experiences are ways in which people perform, construct, and communicate belief systems. The narrators within the context of this thesis experience their transformation through a career transformation. The narrators rediscover their initial passion and transform that desire into actions that results in a shift of career. Sometimes seen as inexplicable, nevertheless the narrators provide analysis and reflection on the influences that led to their change. Some of the actions or thoughts that the narrators incorporate in their stories demonstrate not only the progression of events but also the alterations narrators experience in their worldviews. The context in which these changes occur is essential to interpreting and understanding the experience. Narrative components are filtered through an interpretive process that includes personal meaning, contrast with social norms and cultural beliefs and the impact on the receiver to enable narrators to justify their experience. It is the reflection on these experiences through which people gain insight and establish relevance to events that seem sometimes beyond their control. Stories from pop culture to ordinary citizens who change their lives daily demonstrate the pervasiveness of the transformational effect of states of crisis through which people journey. People's lives are turned upside-down through these experiences which place the narrator out of their normal element. There are two levels to these story types: external and internal transformation. At a superficial level there is the journey to change careers but at another level there is a relationship to opening up cultural expectations or acting generatively, as role-models. Narrators are effecting change through their positive attitudes and acceptance of the trials they encounter during their transitions. Narrators discuss specific actions that create transformative life changes or philosophical shifts. My investigation studies how individuals are involved in transitional events in which they experience a disengagement from a previous life, spending some time in liminal space where they transition or regenerate into a new place in society. Part of my approach to this subject matter used theories introduced by Victor Turner (pilgrimages) and by Arnold Van Gennep (rites of passage). Regina Holloman proposes that rites of passage can occur not just as physical/material transformation but can occur psychically as well. Some of the narrative patterns that narrators use to construct these tales are identified within the context of folk belief and folklore scholarship.
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Phoenix, Joseph D. "Spatial Temperature Variation in Refrigerated Road Transport." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4418.
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This study evaluated the temperature variability that existed in refrigerated table grape consignments over a two-day journey from two suppliers in southern Spain, to client managed facilities in England. In order to inhibit senescence, perishable foods are transported in temperature-controlled transport to maximize shelf life. However, thermal dynamics suggests that uniform spatial temperature is not necessarily achieved despite a constant set point. As fruit exposed to suboptimal temperatures is more likely to exhibit undesirable quality issues, knowledge of spatial temperature can direct quality control team members to these potentially problematic pallets within an inbound shipment.
Warmer temperatures were identified on the passenger side of both trailers, at the rear of both trailers, and in lower pallet layers. Furthermore, heightened temperature was recorded in lower pallet layers in close proximity to the refrigeration return unit. The Supplier 2 shipment, set at 4oC, exhibited more spatially uniform temperatures compared to the Supplier 1 shipment set at 1oC. This implies that an operational compromise may exist: a higher but more uniform temperature or a lower but more variable temperature. In addition, analysis of airflow distribution suggested that airflow could be improved specifically in lower pallet layers and towards the rear of the trailer. Improved circulation will promote improved temperature uniformity for quality maintenance.
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Efta, James Anderson. "A Methodology for Planning Road Best Management Practices Combining WEPP: Road Erosion Modeling and Simulated Annealing Optimization." The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-09012009-091937/.
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Erosion from forest roads is a known problem in mountainous terrain. To abate these negative consequences, physical Best Management Practices (BMPs) are implemented, sometimes with no knowledge of erosion hot spots. With the need to minimize water quality impacts while at the same time accounting for multiple considerations and constraints, road BMP planning at the watershed scale is a difficult task. To assist in this planning process, a methodology is presented here that combines WEPP: Road erosion predictions with simulated annealing optimization. Under this methodology, erosion predictions associated with BMP options for a segment comprise the objective function of an optimization problem. This methodology was tested on a watershed in the Lake Tahoe Basin. WEPP: Road input data was gathered through road surveys. Modeling results predicted relatively little sediment leaving the forest buffer, as a result of numerous well-maintained BMPs and the dry climate found in the watershed. A sensitivity analysis for all WEPP: Road input parameters is presented, which provides insight into the general applicability of these erosion estimates as well as the relative importance of each input parameter. After evaluating erosion risk across the entire watershed, applicable BMPs were assigned to problem road segments and WEPP: Road was used to predict change in sediment leaving the buffer with BMP implementation at a given site. These predictions, combined with budget constraints as well as equipment scheduling considerations, were incorporated into an algorithm using simulated annealing as its optimization engine. Three modeled scenarios demonstrate the viability of this methodology in reducing total sediment leaving the road buffer over a planning horizon. Of the 173 segments surveyed, 38 segments could be treated using generic BMPs. For all three scenarios, BMP-SA reduced sediment leaving the buffer by as much as 70% over the course of a 20-year planning horizon. For the 38 segments treated with BMPs, sediment was reduced by greater than 90% over the planning horizon. This methodology is a viable approach for streamlining watershed-scale road network BMP planning, despite its heavy reliance on road erosion estimates.
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Pennington, Steven Leigh. "Road rage: Where is it coming from?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2141.
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Roper, Matthew Brent. "Evaluation of laboratory durability tests for stabilized aggregate base materials /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1846.pdf.
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Venturucci, Filippo. "Innovative Infrastructures for Sustainable Mobility in Urban Areas: Protective Asphalt to Prevent Vulnerable Road Users Injuries." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Nell’elaborato viene studiato il fenomeno dell’incidentalità singola delle utenze deboli sulla strada (perdita di controllo, scivolamento ecc..ecc..), con particolare enfasi nell’analizzare le conseguenze traumatiche dovute all’impatto con la superficie stradale. Una nuova tecnologia viene sviluppata per rendere le pavimentazioni di piste ciclabili, marciapiedi e zone pedonali con capacità di assorbimento degli impatti, prevenendo, o riducendo drasticamente, la probabilità e entità di eventi traumatici a seguito di una caduta. Attraverso una stesa di prova avvenuta ad Imola (BO), si sono analizzate e risolte le problematiche dovute alle discrepanze riscontrate fra “costruzione” in laboratorio e costruzione nella realtà urbana. La nuova tecnologia, infatti, è stata studiata come “construction-friendly”, permettendo alle società di costruzione e pavimentazione di stendere il nuovo manto protettivo con strumenti e macchinari tradizionali. Infine l’asfalto modificato è stato testato nei laboratori svedesi del KTH – Royal Institute of Technology per provarne l’efficacia in termini di assorbimento degli impatti. Nel “Drop Impact Test”, test specifico per l’approvazione dei caschi protettivi da bicicletta, l’asfalto modificato ha performato ben al di sotto della soglia di approvazione dei caschi da ciclista, e si colloca in un range di valore di accelerazione lineare perfino al di sotto della soglia di “Low Risk of Injuries”. La nuova tecnologia, inoltre, fa utilizzo di gomma granulata riciclata da pneumatici fuori uso. Tale dettaglio conferisce maggiore sostenibilità al progetto: oltre all’utilizzo di legante a freddo, che diminuisce le emissioni di CO2, e di incentivare l’utilizzo della mobilità dolce attraverso una più sicura rete infrastrutturale, l’utilizzo di gomma riciclata dà nuova vita al materiale che altrimenti andrebbe in discarica e prolunga, così, la vita utile del materiale.
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Trail, Thomas E. "Community-based feedback to promote road safety /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102009-040607/.
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Potter, Candice. "Challenging the focus of journey management: Exploring the influences of miners' driving decisions at the end of shifts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/115068/1/115068_8485356_candice_potter_thesis.pdf.
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It is common for mine workers in Australia to drive an average of 250 kilometres immediately after finishing consecutive rostered days on site. Despite these distances, there is evidence to suggest that these workers are not taking a break prior to driving home, creating a high risk driving scenario. Little is known about the factors that influence these workers to drive home immediately following their shift. This thesis reports the results of four studies which together contribute to an understanding of key influences affecting the immediacy of workers' commuting decisions. In the final study, the key influences identified are examined using the theory of planned behaviour to identify the most salient relationships which affect workers' decision-making in respect of driving, and the opportunities for company interventions to complement fatigue management policies and education.
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Loraamm, Rebecca Whitehead. "Road-based Landscape Metrics for Quantifying Habitat Fragmentation." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3214.
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Landscape metrics measure the composition and configuration of habitats within landscapes; often the goal is to measure fragmentation. While a variety of existing metrics characterize the connectivity and contiguity of habitat patches, most do not explicitly consider the fragmenting effects of roads in their formulations. This research develops a set of new landscape metrics that explicitly quantify how roads disconnect and break apart habitat patches. This research introduces the following four metrics to consider the fragmenting effects of transportation networks: (1) Number of Connected Patches, a measure of connectivity; (2) Euclidean Nearest Neighbor-Roads, a measure of proximity; (3) Road Density, a measure of dispersion, and (4) Distance to Roads, a measure of division. Each of these formulations explicitly considers the presence of roadways. The metrics are applicable at three spatial scales: patch, class, and landscape.
Number of Connected Patches (NCP) provides a new roadway-sensitive measure of patch connectivity by computing the number of patches of identical cover type in a landscape that can be traversed on the shortest straight line distance between them without crossing a road. Euclidean Nearest Neighbor-Roads (ENNR) calculates the distance to the Euclidean nearest neighbor of a patch of the same cover type that is not separated by a roadway. Road Density (RD) leverages the ratio of total roadway network length intersecting a patch, class, or landscape versus respective total unit area. Distance to Roads (DR) provides a new measure of division by taking the shortest Euclidean distance in meters of any patch to the nearest roadway.
The performance of the new metrics is evaluated using simulated landscape data with different transportation network structures and habitat patch configurations. This is accomplished by comparing output from the road-based metrics to existing metrics that quantify habitat density, isolation, dispersion, and division. The results of the study demonstrate that the new road-based landscape metrics provide an improved means of quantifying habitat fragmentation caused by transportation networks. This is especially evident as simulated transit network increases for each landscape; response of new metrics to increased road presence is linear and as expected given metric design. These metrics have successfully captured notable patch, class, and landscape level characteristics and their associated responses which are not available with treatment by conventional measures of landscape fragmentation.
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Mallari, PJ. "Registry X's Road to Lean - A Systems Approach." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2017. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/410.
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Chapman, Jeffery G. ""On Down the Road" an Intergenerational Fathering Experience." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2632.
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Fathering has been studied with renewed interest by scholars seeking to understand the unique effects and contributions fathers have in the lives of children. Father involvement has been measured by tracking fathers· engagement with. accessability to. and responsibility for their children during childhood and adolescence. Generative fathering theorists have proposed that fathering and fatherhood are better understood by expansion of the dimensions of father involvement. Generative fathering research has found that father-child relationships are imbued with meaning across the life cycle. The meaning of generative fathering was explored in this study across four generations of fathers. all from one extended family tree. By applying a phenomenological method of inquiry through long interviews, the paricipants themselves have offered a unique description of the essence of generative fathering for their family. The similarities and differences in the qualitative nature of the fathering experience were expressed by the participants both between and within the generations. The influence of the spouses of the participants on both the conception and practice of fathering was explored along with other fa milial and nonfamilial influences. The results of the study provide evidence of the transmission of the meaning of fathering generatively over the generations in a unique ex tension of the definition beyond that of other theorists. There is support as well for key elements of the generative fathering conceptual framework and the model of responsible fathering.
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Hugo, Daniel. "Haul road defect identification and condition assessment using measured truck response." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07162008-092104/.
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Gibble, John Curtis. "Comparison of heavy-duty diesel engine emissions between an on-road route and engine dynamometer simulated on-road cycle." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3016.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 101 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-76).
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Gallis, Rodrigo Bezerra de Araújo. "Extração semi-automática da malha viária em imagens aéreas digitais de áreas rurais utilizando otimização por programação dinâmica no espaço objeto /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100262.
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Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma nova metodologia para extração de rodovias utilizando imagens aéreas digitais. A inovação baseia-se no algoritmo de Programação dinâmica (PD), que nesta metodologia realiza o processo de otimização no espaço objeto, e não no espaço imagem como as metodologias tradicionais de extração de rodovias por PD. A feição rodovia é extraída no espaço objeto, o qual implica um rigoroso modelo matemático, que é necessário para estabelecer os pontos entre o espaço imagem e objeto. Necessita-se que o operador forneça alguns pontos sementes no espaço imagem para descrever grosseiramente a rodovia, e estes pontos devem ser transformados para o espaço objeto para inicialização do processo de otimização por PD. Esta metodologia pode operar em diferentes modos (modo mono e estéreo), e com diversos tipos de imagens, incluindo imagens multisensores. Este trabalho apresenta detalhes da metodologia mono e estéreo e também os experimentos realizados e os resultados obtidos.<br>Abstract: This work proposes a novel road extraction methodology from digital images. The innovation is based on the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to carry out the optimisation process in the object space, instead of doing it in the image space such as the DP traditional methodologies. Road features are traced in the object space, which implies that a rigorous mathematical model is necessary to be established between image and object space points. It is required that the operator measures a few seed points in the image space to describe sparsely and coarsely the roads, which must be transformed into the object space to make possible the initialisation of the DP optimisation process. Although the methodology can operate in different modes (mono-plotting or stereoplotting), and with several image types, including multisensor images, this work presents details of our single and stereo image methodology, along with the experimental results.<br>Orientador: João Fernando Custódio da Silva<br>Coorientador: Aluir Porfírio Dal Poz<br>Banca: Júlio Kiyoshi Hasegawa<br>Banca: Messias Meneguette Júnior<br>Doutor
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Gammon, Denise. "The Road Beyond Suffrage: Female Activism in Richmond, Virginia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2749.
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This thesis focuses on the continued activism in the YWCA, the Equal Suffrage League and the League of Women Voters after 1920. The work examines the uses of motherhood, social religion, race and traditions as tools for activism and compares the YWCA to the Equal Suffrage League and League of Women Voters after 1920. The date range is roughly from 1915 to 1925.
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Qiu, Ju. "Work domain modeling to support winter road maintenance operations." Diss., University of Iowa, 2008. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/17.
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Udas, Amit. "Road variability and its effect on vehicle dynamics simulation." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1097.
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In the modern age, computer aided engineering software is used in nearly every engineering design application. In this thesis, a multibody dynamics vehicle model in LMS Virtual.Lab simulation platform was updated. The updates included measured hardpoint data of the vehicle studied, addition of two differential gear models to the vehicle drivetrain, and implementation of a multibody dynamics model of a trailer that is attached to the vehicle. To extend the length of the experimentally acquired road profile, a distribution function based methodology was developed to create road profile from the limited road data. The road parameter generated from the distribution function was used to recreate a road profile statistically representative of acquired road profile data. The updated vehicle dynamics model was validated by comparing the simulation results to the vehicle dynamics test results conducted at the Nevada Automotive Test Center. To validate the methodology for creating the road profile, vehicle dynamics simulation results with the distribution function generated road profile were compared to the results from the acquired road profile. The effects of road variability on the vehicle dynamics simulation were also examined. By using a Gamma distribution to define the road roughness, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to study how the variation in road roughness affects the vertical, longitudinal and lateral accelerations at the driver's location. The results show that the RMS values of the acceleration increase linearly with increasing mean roughness for variance up to ±30% and a quadratic response for variance up to ±100%.
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Chahal, Ashwani. "In Situ Detection of Road Lanes Using Raspberry Pi." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7051.
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A self-driven car is a vehicle that can drive without human intervention by making correct decisions based on the environmental conditions. Since the innovation is in its beginning periods, totally moving beyond the human inclusion is still a long shot. However, rapid technological advancements are being made towards the safety of the driver and the passengers. One such safety feature is a Lane Detection System that empowers vehicle to detect road lane lines in various climate conditions.
This research provides a feasible and economical solution to detect the road lane lines while driving in a sunny, rainy, or snowy weather condition. An algorithm is designed to perform real time road lane line detection on a low voltage computer that can be easily powered in a regular auto vehicle.
The algorithm runs on a RaspberryPi computer placed inside the car. A camera, attached to the vehicle’s windshield, captures the real time images and passes them to the RaspberryPi for processing. The algorithm processes each frame and determines the lane lines. The detected lane lines can be viewed on a 7 inch display screen connected to the Raspberry Pi. The entire system is mounted inside a Jeep Wrangler to conduct the experiments and is powered by the vehicle’s standard charger of 12V-15V power supply. The algorithm provides approximately 97% accurate detection of road lane lines in all weather conditions.
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Groves, Christopher John. "Experimental and theoretical determination of connecting rod big-end bearing journal motion." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325219.
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Uys, Barend Petrus. "Omrol van veldvoertuie." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06032008-113745/.
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Fees, Evelyn Wyoming Hooghe Liesbet. "Making women matter Spain's long road toward gender equality /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1293.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of a Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science." Discipline: Political Science; Department/School: Political Science.
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Hu, Fengxuan. "Development of a direct type road roughness evaluation system." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000313.
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Bester, Rudolf. "The ride comfort versus handling decision for off-road vehicles." Pretoria : [S.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10252007-111611/.
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Jones, Joshua Reid. "A Method to Quantify Road Safety Audit Data and Results." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1544.
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The research presented in this thesis is the result of field data collection conducted by the Utah Local Technical Assistance Program (Utah LTAP) in conjunction with the Utah Department of Transportation. The first step of the research was data collection from 18 road safety audits conducted throughout the state of Utah. These Road Safety Audits (RSA's) provided a wide variety of data that was used for the validation of the road safety audit quantification methodology. The purpose of this research is to provide quantification to the RSA process that will increase the benefits gained from implementing the RSA recommendations. Benefits derived from the implementation of RSA recommendations were found by assessing the change of risk from before and after safety improvements. The RSA quantification tool was developed to analyze projects in both urban and rural settings. The implementation of the RSA tool will help practitioners show the benefits that can be gained from the safety recommendations and help decision makers in allocating funds to the areas that pose the most risk. The tool will show the difference in risk that the improvements make and the cost effectiveness of different project alternatives.
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Jiang, Yuanyuan. "Full-body joint action in pedestrian road crossing virtual environments." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6441.
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The recent leaps in virtual reality (VR) technology have unleashed revolutionary potential for applications in a wide variety of areas, including education, training, psychological-therapy, etc. As part of the effort on understanding how users interact with VR, I focused on studying full-body joint action using a road crossing task which involves perception, decision-making, action, and joint action.
I have been heavily involved in the design, implementation, and construction of two large-screen, room-like stereoscopic virtual environment (VE) simulators. Using this system, I developed a three-part research plan with a series of studies to examine how people engage in full-body joint-action with a partner under three scenarios: 1. two people who are physically present in a co-occupied virtual environment; 2. one person who shares a virtual environment with a computer-generated agent (CG agent); 3. two people who share the same virtual environment remotely in physically separate places where each person is motion tracked and presented in the environment as a graphic avatar. The behaviors of participants were recorded and processed through a customized pipeline that captures important performance metrics, such as how participants pick crossable gaps and time their movements. The VE system, user study designs, and findings are introduced in this dissertation.
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Tavakoli, Reza. "Design of Road Embedded Dynamic Charging Systems for Electrified Transportation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2020. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7715.
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The U.S. transportation sector represented about 28% of all energy consumption in 2018. Petroleum products accounted for 92% of this total energy. Light-duty vehicles are the largest energy consumers in the transportation sector. The high amount of petroleum used by light-duty vehicles creates significant economic and environmental challenges.
Electric Vehicles (EVs) have a higher fuel economy and can be emission-free; they are therefore an alternative solution for minimizing the negative environmental impact of internal combustion engine vehicles. However, the adoption of EVs has been limited by their limited driving range, long recharging time, and comparatively higher price.
Dynamic wireless charging technology allows for charging the EV battery in motion. Charging pads are embedded in the road and the EV battery is charged while the vehicle is passing over them. This technology not only extends the EV range but also results in a considerable reduction in battery size and capacity. Therefore, dynamic wireless charging solves one of the major issues of EVs, leading to their large-scale adoption.
In the first part of this dissertation, a pad optimization methodology is presented to minimize system cost and losses. Using this method, two pads are optimized, built and tested for charging the EV. In the next section, two methods are presented to estimate how much the EV is laterally misaligned with respect to the center of the charging pads. This helps to increase system efficiency and power transfer capability. Finally, new concrete-based material is presented and studied to reduce the charging pad cost and increase their durability.
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Unal, Alper. "Measurement, analysis, and modeling of on-road vehicle emissions using remotesensing." Raleigh, NC : North Carolina State University, 1999. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/etd/public/etd-1142102749941461/etd.pdf.
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