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Academic literature on the topic 'The early history of astronomy and cosmology'

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Published: 25 July 2024
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Journal articles on the topic "The early history of astronomy and cosmology"

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MacLachlan, James. "The Role of Astronomy in the History of Science." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 105 (1990): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100086371.

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This historian of science offers a few samples of the kinds of understandings his students will be subjected to. (a) In early times, Britons used careful observations of astronomical events to establish their calendar; (b) In the 4th century BC, Aristotle used the spheres of Eudoxus to establish his cosmological principles; (c) In the second century of our era, Ptolemy made astronomy scientific, partly for the sake of astrological predictions; (d) In the fifteenth century, Columbus used crude astronomical observations to find latitude, (e) In the sixteenth century, Copernicus revised Ptolemaic astronomy in order to improve its fit with Aristotelian cosmology, and in the process challenged that cosmology; (f) Kepler used Tycho’s more precise data to destroy heavenly circularity; (g) In the early seventeenth century, Galileo based his renovation of motion studies on the investigative style he learned from Ptolemy, coupled with mathematics learned from Euclid and Archimedes.
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REID, FRANCIS. "Isaac Frost's Two Systems of Astronomy (1846): plebeian resistance and scriptural astronomy." British Journal for the History of Science 38, no. 2 (May 25, 2005): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087405006710.

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In early nineteenth-century London audiences flocked to a variety of lectures and shows on astronomical topics. While the religious and social positions of the lecturers and showmen varied significantly, the vast majority adopted a Newtonian cosmology incorporating a belief in the plurality of worlds. This paper focuses on Isaac Frost's 1846 book Two Systems of Astronomy in an attempt to gain a fuller understanding of how some thinkers in plebeian London responded to and resisted this emergent astronomical orthodoxy. Central to this analysis is research that reveals how changes in the intellectual world of Frost and his Muggletonian co-religionists prompted this formerly non-proselytizing Protestant sect to become increasingly vocal during the nineteenth century. This research is based upon a thorough examination of the Muggletonian archive in the British Library together with a collection of approximately thirty Muggletonian letters deposited in the Oxfordshire Records Office in 1993 and not examined by previous historians. It is concluded that the unorthodox or anti-Newtonian cosmologies advanced by several early nineteenth-century thinkers were often intellectually coherent and embodied in receptive social contexts.
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Smeenk, Chris. "Predictability crisis in early universe cosmology." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 46 (May 2014): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsb.2013.11.003.

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Włodarczyk, Jarosław, Richard L. Kremer, and Howard C. Hughes. "Edward Gresham, Copernican Cosmology, and Planetary Occultations in Pre-Telescopic Astronomy." Journal for the History of Astronomy 49, no. 3 (August 2018): 269–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828618790302.

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This article introduces an understudied source in the history of astronomy, the Astrostereon or the Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603). Written by the English astrologer Edward Gresham, this text presents, among other things, the earliest known set of predicted planetary occultations (for 1603–1604) and the use of these phenomena to defend the Copernican cosmology. We analyse those predictions and then briefly survey all known pre-telescopic observations of reported planetary occulations and the motivations for such observations. These data suggest that for early observers, the greater the difference in apparent brightness between the two occulting bodies, the greater the angular separation could be for an occultation nonetheless to be reported. An appendix seeks to explain this finding by considering several factors known from modern experimental analyses of human visual performance.
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Kragh, Helge. "Early dynamical world models: A historical review." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S260 (January 2009): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311002262.

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AbstractModels of the universe, in the sense of solutions to the cosmological field equations, took their start in 1917 with Einstein's closed universe. During the next two decades they were developed to comprise evolving models, some of them cyclic and some of them with a definite age. The history of this development, as it occurred up to the mid 1930s, is reviewed. It is argued that in 1930-31, cosmology experienced a kind of paradigm shift.
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Dayal, Pratika. "Early galaxy formation and its large-scale effects." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S352 (June 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921320001106.

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AbstractGalaxy formation in the first billion years mark a time of great upheaval in the history of the Universe: the first galaxies started both the ‘metal age’ as well as the era of cosmic reionization. I will start by reviewing the dust production mechanisms and dust masses for high-redshift galaxies which will be revolutionized in the ALMA era. I will then show how the JWST will be an invaluable experiment to shed light on the impact of reionization feedback on early galaxy formation. As we look forward towards the era of 21cm cosmology, I will highlight the crucial and urgent synergies required between 21cm facilities (such as the SKA) and galaxy experiments (JWST, E-ELT and Subaru to name a few) to understand the physics of the epoch of reionization that remains a crucial frontier in the field of astrophysics and physical cosmology. Time permitting, I will try to give a flavour of how the assembly of early galaxies, accessible with the forthcoming JWST, can provide a powerful testbed for Dark Matter models beyond ‘Cold Dark Matter’.
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Endress, Gerhard. "Averroes' De Caelo Ibn Rushd's Cosmology in his Commentaries on Aristotle's On the Heavens." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 5, no. 1 (March 1995): 9–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423900001934.

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Averroes defended philosophy by returning to the true Aristotle. For this purpose, Aristotle's book “On the Heaven,” in which he explained the eternity, uniqueness and movement of the universe, occupied a place of special importance. But the Aristotelian philosopher had a hard time holding his own in the face of contradictions within the book and with respect to Aristotle's later works. In his early Compendium, later Paraphrase, and final Long Commentary of De Caelo, Ibn Rushd continued the efforts of the Hellenistic commentators in order to integrate all the elements of his doctrine into a unified system, to harmonize his early cosmology with his later Metaphysics – the early doctrine of natural movement of the elements, and of the self-moving star-souls (a Platonic element), with the doctrine of potency and actuality and the theory of the First Mover – and to uphold his models of homocentric planetary spheres against the mathematical paradigm of Ptolemaic astronomy. By insisting throughout on demonstrative arguments based on rational principles, he asserted the philosophers' claim to irrefutable truth.
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Brandenberger, Robert. "Do we have a theory of early universe cosmology?" Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 46 (May 2014): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsb.2013.09.008.

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Longair, M. S. "The Astrophysics of the Future." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 123 (1990): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100077381.

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It is with some trepidation that I set down these thoughts. The history of physics and astronomy is littered with pontifications about the future, most of which simply end up embarrassing their authors. There are many projects which can be regarded as very safe bets but these might not be the ones which totally transform the nature of the discipline. The situation is analogous to that in the early 1950s when extragalactic astronomy simply meant optical astronomy since there was no other way of carrying out such studies – few would regard that as an adequate position nowadays. Similarly, it is difficult nowadays to imagine cosmology without the Microwave Background Radiation. Thus, the problem for the prognosticator is to tread the narrow line between science fiction and a simple extrapolation of what we do now with our facilities. It is in the spirit of this meeting to concentrate upon space observatories but I believe that it is instructive to look at the whole of astronomy, both from space and from the ground.
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Menci, N., M. Castellano, P. Santini, E. Merlin, A. Fontana, and F. Shankar. "High-redshift Galaxies from Early JWST Observations: Constraints on Dark Energy Models." Astrophysical Journal Letters 938, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac96e9.

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Abstract Early observations with JWST have led to the discovery of an unexpectedly large density (stellar-mass density ρ * ≈ 106 M ⊙ Mpc−3) of massive galaxies (stellar masses M * ≥ 1010.5 M ⊙) at extremely high redshifts z ≈ 10. While such a result is based on early measurements that are still affected by uncertainties currently under consideration by several observational groups, its confirmation would have a strong impact on cosmology. Here we show that—under the most conservative assumptions and independently of the baryon physics involved in galaxy formation—such galaxy abundance is not only in tension with the standard ΛCDM cosmology but provides extremely tight constraints on the expansion history of the universe and on the growth factors corresponding to a wide class of Dynamical Dark Energy (DDE) models. Adopting a parameterization w = w 0 + w a (1 − a) for the evolution of the DDE equation of the state parameter w with the expansion factor a, we derive constraints on combinations of (w 0, w a ) that rule out with confidence level >2σ a major portion of the parameter space (w 0, w a ) allowed (or even favored) by existing cosmological probes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The early history of astronomy and cosmology"

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Terlevich, Alejandro Ivan. "Probing the star formation history of early-type galaxies in clusters." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4864/.

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In this thesis, we present a new photometric catalogue of the local Coma galaxy cluster in the Johnson U- and V- bands. We cover an area of 3360arcmin(^2) of sky, to a depth of V = 20mag in a 13 arcsec diameter aperture, and produce magnitudes for ~ 1400 extended objects in metric apertures from 8.8 to 26arcsec diameters. The mean internal RMS scatter in the photometry is 0.014mag in V, and 0.026mag in U, for Via(_13) < 17mag. We use this photometric catalogue to place limits on the levels of scatter in the colour- magnitude relation (CMR) in the Coma cluster. We subdivide the galaxy population by morphology, luminosity and position on the sky, and analyse the CMR in each of them. The lowest levels of scatter are found in the elliptical galaxies, and the late type galaxies have the highest numbers of galaxies blue-wards of the CMR. We finds signs of decreased scatter and systematically bluer galaxy colours with increasing projected radius from the center of the cluster, and attribute it to a mean galactic age gradient. We find that the typical mass of galaxies within clusters can increase by a factor of two through dissipationless merging without destroying the CMR. We compare the spectral line indices of galaxies in the Coma cluster with their deviation from the mean colour-magnitude relation (CMR). We find that the CMR in Coma is driven primarily by a luminosity-metallicity correlation, however we cannot rule out a contribution from age effects. Colour deviations blue-ward of the mean relation are strongly correlated with the Hydrogen Baimer line series absorption, indicating the presence of a young stellar population in these blue galaxies. We use a wavelet code to suggest an association between X-ray cluster substructure and 'E+A' galaxy activity in high redshift clusters.
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Murray, Brian M. "Early and late universe cosmology /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1276405191&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-80). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Emond, William. "Dynamics of early & late universe cosmology." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/55493/.

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In this thesis we discuss two key problems: the cosmological constant problem (CCP), an issue that primarily manifests itself in late universe cosmology; and the process of thermalisation during the post-inflationary reheating phase of the early universe. We start by giving a brief review of general relativity, discussing both its successes and failures, in particular, why one might consider modifications of it. We then delve into the aspects of early and late universe cosmology that we aim to address in the research discussed in this thesis. Starting with an overview of the inflationary paradigm, and the need to reheat the universe post-inflation, we give a review of previous research that has been conducted in this area. We then move on to discuss the CCP in detail, in particular, why it is such an issue. After setting the scene for this problem, we proceed to discuss how to approach finding a resolution to it, highlighting certain stumbling blocks that one needs to be mindful of. Having set the scene, we then present a potential solution to the CCP, involving a scalar-tensor modifed theory of gravity, so-called Horndeski theory. Building upon a class of Horndeski theories providing self-tuning solutions to the CCP, we provide a generalisation in which matter interacts with gravity via a disformal coupling to the spacetime metric. We establish the form of the disformally self-tuning Lagrangian on a cosmological Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background, and show that there exist non-trivial self-tuning solutions. In the latter half of this thesis, we move on to review the literature on the non-perturbative description of the early stages of reheating, so-called preheating. With the motivation to study the less well understood thermalisation process that must necessarily take place in this phase, we then present a toy model preheating theory, in which we account for the effects of thermalisation from its onset. Within the density matrix formalism, we derive a (self-consistent) set of quantum Boltzmann equations, which are able to describe the evolution of an ensemble of self-interacting scalar particles that are subject to an oscillating mass term. In particular, we apply this to the preheating scenario in order to study the evolution of scalar particle number densities throughout this process. We then conclude by discussing our numerical analysis of the Boltzmann equations, drawing attention to some important results and features that manifest using this approach, in particular, how the process differs from the standard analysis through the inclusion of thermalisation.
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Sullivan, William F. "The astronomy of Andean myth : the history of a cosmology." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1011.

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The paper aims to show that Andean myth, on one level, represents a technical language recording astronomical observations of precession and, at the same time, an historical record of simultaneous social and celestial transformations. Topographic and architectural terms of Andean myth are interpreted as a metaphor for the organisation of and locations on the celestial sphere. Via ethnoastronmical data, mythical animals are identified as stars and placed on the celestial sphere according to their "topographical " location. Tested in the planetarium, these "arrays" generate clusters of dates - 200 B.C. and 650. A. D. Analysis of the names of Wiraqocha and Manco Capac indicates they represent Saturn and Jupiter and that their mythical meeting represents their conjunction in 650 A.D. The astronomy of Andean myth is then used as an historical tool to examine how the Andean priest-astronomers recorded the simultaneous creation of the ayllu and of this distinctive astronomical system about 200 B.C. The idea that the agricultural ayllu, with its double descent system stressing the importance of paternity, represents a transformation of society from an earlier matrilineal/horticultural era is examined in light of the sexual imagery employed in myth. Wiraqocha’s androgyny and the division of the celestial sphere into male (ecliptic) and -female(celestial equator = “earth” ) are interpreted as cosmological validations of the new social structure.
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Charnock, Tom. "Early universe cosmology and its observational effects on the cosmic microwave background." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/42164/.

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This Thesis is written in three parts. The first part describes the analytic calculation of the unequal-time correlator of cosmic strings and superstrings. The first efficient constraint analysis of all string and superstring network parameters is performed. By studying the effect of cosmic strings on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation it is discovered that cosmic strings must make up a vanishingly small proportion of the energy density of the universe. The constraints on string network parameters are all skewed toward reducing the magnitude of energy density arising from strings. Also in this Part, a better comprehension of the unconnected segment model (USM) was gained. In particular, a greater understanding of the string scaling parameter $L_f$ was garnered, as well as finding the reason why the USM tends to provide greater power than simulations of Nambu-Goto cosmic strings. The second part contains a detailed description of statistical cosmology and how differences between parameter constraints from different data sets can lead to misleading quantification of discordance. The majority of this part describes different methods of quantifying differences between probability distributions and how these can be interpreted. In particular, using the most up-to-date data possible, differences between parameter constraints using the CMB and probes of large scale structure (LSS) in the universe can be measured. With current data the discordance can be interpreted as a low level of disagreement, but the application of prior ranges on well known parameters can force the tension to be greater. Using data from earlier work, this issue is considered in greater detail, with extensions to the accepted LCDM model added to test if the discordance can be alleviated. These extensions include the addition of active or sterile neutrinos and even ad-hoc changes to the primordial power spectrum. Although there are slight hints that these may help, when considering only the new data it might be unwise to believe that the discordance between parameter distributions from different data sets exists to a degree where the modifications are necessary. Finally, application of deep learning to astrophysical observations is discussed. Using neural networks to learn about specific problems is de rigueur and their use in astronomy and cosmology is a promising field of study. In particular, applying raw data to neural networks can often outperform, or add enhanced features, to what is possible with current, non-empirical feature detection. The classification of supernovae from their light curves can be achieved using a specific machine learning architecture called a recurrent neural network (RNN). Using the raw data from supernova light curves, the RNN is able to learn about features in sequences which can be used to classify types of supernova. Although a large training set is needed to perform as well as current techniques, one major advantage the RNN method has is the possibility of early detection. Rather than needing the entire light curve to perform statistical fits to categorise the supernova type, relatively little information from the early observation data is needed to classify using the RNN. Installing RNN on machinery for observation would save a vast amount of time by early classification since only supernovae of interest can be concentrated on.
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Valan, Vlasta. "Thermal components in the early X-ray afterglow of gamma-ray bursts." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Partikel- och astropartikelfysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217103.

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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are still puzzling scientists even 40 years after their discovery. Questions concerning the nature of the progenitors, the connection with supernovae and the origin of the high-energy emission are still lacking clear answers. Today, it is known that there are two populations of GRBs: short and long. It is also known that long GRBs are connected to supernovae (SNe). The emission observed from GRBs can be divided into two phases: the prompt emission and the afterglow. This thesis presents spectral analysis of the early X-ray afterglow of GRBs observed by the {\it Swift} satellite. For the majority of GRBs the early X-ray afterglows are well described by an absorbed power-law model. However, there exists a number of cases where this power-law component fails in fully describing the observed spectra and an additional blackbody component is needed. In the paper at the end of this thesis, a time-resolved spectral analysis of 74 GRBs observed by the X-ray telescope on board {\it Swift} is presented. Each spectrum is fitted with a power-law and a power-law plus blackbody model. The significance of the added thermal component is then assessed using Monte Carlo simulations. Six new cases of GRBs with thermal components in their spectra are presented, alongside three previously reported cases. The results show that a cocoon surrounding the jet is the most likely explanation for the thermal emission observed in the majority of GRBs. In addition, the observed narrow span in radii points to these GRBs being produced in similar environments.

QC 20171031

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Castello, Sveva. "A Tension between the Early and Late Universe: Could Our Underdense Cosmic Neighbourhood Provide an Explanation?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446960.

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In recent years, the increasingly precise constraints on the value of the Hubble constant, H0, have highlighted a discrepancy between the results arising from early-time and late-time measurements. A potential solution to this so-called Hubble tension is the hypothesis that we reside in a cosmic void, i.e. an underdense cosmic neighbourhood characterized by a faster local expansion rate. In this thesis, we model this scenario through the Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi formalism for an isotropic but inhomogeneous universe containing matter, curvature and a cosmological constant, which we denote by ΛLTB. We numerically implement this framework with two different formulations for the local matter density profile, respectively based upon a more realistic Gaussian ansatz and the idealized scenario of the so-called Oppenheimer-Snyder model. We then constrain the background cosmology and the void parameters involved in each case through a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis with a combination of recent data sets: the Pantheon Sample of type Ia supernovae, a collection of baryon acoustic oscillations data points from different galaxy surveys and the distance priors extracted from the latest Planck data release. For both models, the resulting bounds on the investigated parameter space suggest a preference for a -13% density drop with a size of approximately 300 Mpc, interestingly matching the prediction for the so-called KBC void already identified on the basis of independent analyses using galaxy distributions. We quantify the level of improvement on the Hubble tension by analyzing the ΛLTB constraints on the B-band absolute magnitude of the supernovae, which provides the calibration for the local measurements of H0. Since no significant difference is observed with respect to an analogous fit performed with the standard ΛCDM model, we conclude that the potential presence of a local void does not resolve the tension.
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Kuntschner, Harald. "The star formation history of early-type galaxies in the Fornax cluster." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4849/.

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We have measured central line strengths and line-strength gradients for a complete sample of early-type galaxies in the Fornax cluster, comprising 11 elliptical and 11 lenticular galaxies, more luminous than M(_B) = -17. We find that the centres of Fornax ellipticals follow the locus of galaxies of fixed age in Worthey's models and have metallicities varying roughly from half solar to 2.5 times solar. Line-strength gradients indicate that elliptical galaxies do not show age gradients with radius but do exhibit a decrease of ~ 0.4 dex in [Fe/H] between the centre and one effective radius. The centres of lenticular galaxies however exhibit a substantial spread to younger luminosity weighted ages indicating a more extended star formation history. Metallicity gradients are generally shallower than for ellipticals. Five of the faint S0s have experienced a central starburst on top of an underlying older stellar population. Our conclusions are based on several age/metallicity diagnostic diagrams in the Lick/IDS system comprising established indices such as [MgFe] and Hβ as well as new and more sensitive indices such as C4668, Fe3 and Hγ(_A). The inferred difference in the age distribution between lenticular and elliptical galaxies is a robust conclusion as the models generate consistent relative ages using different age and metallicity indicators even though the absolute ages remain uncertain. The absolute age uncertainty is caused by the effects of non-solar abundance ratios which are not accounted for in the stellar population models. We find that Es are generally overabundant in magnesium where the most luminous galaxies show stronger overabundances. The luminosity weighted stellar populations of young S0s are consistent with solar abundance ratios, however the bulges of the two large S0s in our sample have [Mg/Fe] > 0. We have analysed in detail the sources of scatter in the Mg-crg relation by investigating the effects of age, metallicity and [Mg/Fe] variations. We find that young stellar populations are responsible for most of the scatter towards weak Mg-absorption. However, for the roughly coeval ellipticals the scatter at a given ctq is correlated with [Mg/Fe variations; metallicity and age effects seem to be less important. The young luminosity weighted ages of the faint S0s in the Fornax cluster are consistent with the recent discovery that the fraction of S0 galaxies in intermediate redshift clusters is a factor of 2-3 lower than found locally, and suggests that a fraction of the cluster spiral galaxy population has evolved into these faint S0s in the 5 Gyrs interval from z = 0.5 to the present. One of the proposed transformation mechanisms is the galaxy harassment picture. The properties of young S0s with large bulge to disk ratios in our sample are remarkably similar to the proposed end-products of galaxy harassment. However, we note that there are young disky S0s which are unlikely to be the result of harassment. Two of the faintest lenticular galaxies in our sample have blue continua and extremely strong Balmer-line absorption suggesting starbursts < 2 Gyrs ago.
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Schawinski, Kevin. "The star formation history of early-type galaxies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670098.

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Honchock, Michael P. "Enemies of Science: The Handmaiden's Handmaiden in the Early Medieval West." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32149.

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The gradual blending of classical science and epistemology with indigenous/traditional practices and modes of understanding (particularly magic and religion) in the early western Middle Ages tends to be misunderstood. The purpose of this study is to address the reason(s) why the early medieval West has been labeled an irrational, unscientific â Dark Ageâ in order to point out that this conceptionâ s existence has more to do with limited historical perspectives than with reality. The anachronistic superimposition of modern presuppositions and methodological expectations is a very old phenomenon. Ironically, however, it has crept into the history of science and extended to ostensibly objective â scientificâ historiography to such a degree that dismissiveness regarding the other ways of knowing that have informed our scientific and epistemological development frequently tends to obscure historical continuity. My goal in this undertaking is to firmly establish how we may understand that the intellectual revolution beginning in twelfth-century Europe was founded on a rich and multifarious tradition of knowledge and understanding; the preceding seven or eight centuries of the early Middle Ages was not one of intellectual â darknessâ and should not be discarded as such. The approach I have taken is intended to demonstrate, rather than simply state, this goal by roughly imitating of the process of intellectual transmission in the early Middle Ages. Therefore, primary sources are supplemented by numerous secondary interpretations from various academic disciplines in the hope that collecting and reforming ideas in this fashion will draw out the inherent connectivity of ideological thought structures and approaches to the natural world.
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Books on the topic "The early history of astronomy and cosmology"

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Simon, Laplace Pierre. Darstellung des Weltsystems. Frankfurt am Main: H. Deutsch, 2008.

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Simon, Laplace Pierre. Darstellung des Weltsystems. Frankfurt am Main: H. Deutsch, 2008.

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Simon, Laplace Pierre. Darstellung des Weltsystems. Frankfurt am Main: H. Deutsch, 2008.

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S, Westman Robert, ed. The Wittich connection: Conflict and priority in late sixteenth-century cosmology. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988.

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1948-, Evans James, and Berggren J. L, eds. Geminos's Introduction to the phenomena: A translation and study of a Hellenistic survey of astronomy. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2006.

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Gingerich, Owen. The book nobody read: Chasing the revolutions of Nicolaus Copernicus. New York, NY: Walker & Company, 2004.

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Mexican School on Gravitation and Mathematical Physics (5th 2002 Playa del Carmen, Mexico). The early universe and observational cosmology. Berlin: Springer, 2004.

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Marcacci, Flavia. Magna longeque admirabilia: Astronomia e cosmologia nel fondo antico della Biblioteca Beato Pio IX. Modena: F.C. Panini, 2009.

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lateranense, Pontificia Università, ed. Magna longeque admirabilia: Astronomia e cosmologia nel fondo antico della Biblioteca Beato Pio IX. Modena: F.C. Panini, 2009.

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Field, Judith Veronica. Kepler's geometrical cosmology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "The early history of astronomy and cosmology"

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Aaboe, Asger. "Ptolemy’s Cosmology." In Episodes From the Early History of Astronomy, 114–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0109-7_4.

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Leverington, David. "Cosmology." In A History of Astronomy, 252–58. London: Springer London, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2124-4_12.

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Smith, Robert W. "Early history space astronomy." In 400 Years of Astronomical Telescopes, 447–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2233-2_31.

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Bari, Pasquale Di. "Expansion history of the universe." In Cosmology and the Early Universe, 129–40. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018] | Series: Series in astronomy and astrophysics: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781138496903-10.

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Longair, Malcolm S. "A Very Brief History of Cosmology and Galaxy Formation." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library, 3–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65891-8_1.

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Aaboe, Asger. "Babylonian Arithmetical Astronomy." In Episodes From the Early History of Astronomy, 24–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0109-7_2.

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Stephenson, F. Richard. "Eclipse Records in Early Korean History: The Koryo-sa." In Highlights of Astronomy, 710–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4778-1_32.

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Barker, Peter. "The Reality of Peurbach’s Orbs: Cosmological Continuity in Fifteenth and Sixteenth Century Astronomy." In Change and Continuity in Early Modern Cosmology, 7–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0037-6_2.

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Amico, Paola, and James W. Beletic. "The Invention and Early History of the CCD." In Optical Detectors For Astronomy II, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4361-5_1.

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Kolachana, Aditya, K. Mahesh, and K. Ramasubramanian. "Early Hindu methods in spherical astronomy." In Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, 579–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7326-8_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "The early history of astronomy and cosmology"

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KARL, GABRIEL. "EARLY HISTORY OF QCD AND QUARKS." In Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814335614_0006.

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Brandenberger, Robert H., Renato Dupke, Jailson Alcaniz, Ramiro de la Reza, and Simone Daflon. "Cosmology of the Very Early Universe." In GRADUATE SCHOOL IN ASTRONOMY: XIV Special Courses at the National Observatory of Rio de Janeiro. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3483879.

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Siudek, M., K. Malek, B. Garilli, M. Scodeggio, A. Fritz, A. Pollo, U. Abbas, et al. "VIPERS view of the star formation history of early-type galaxies." In XXXVI Symposium on Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments (Wilga 2015), edited by Ryszard S. Romaniuk. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2202710.

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Goldhaber, Gerson, and David B. Cline. "The Acceleration of the Expansion of the Universe: A Brief Early History of the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP)." In SOURCES AND DETECTION OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY IN THE UNIVERSE: Proceedings of the 8th UCLA Symposium. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3232196.

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Topunov, A. F., and O. V. Kosmachevskaya. "PARALLEL DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY AND PHYSICS IN SCIENCE HISTORY." In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. LLC Institute Information Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-3-8.116-121.

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When considering the history of biology and physics, one can see parallelism in the main stages of their development, up to the proximity of dates of the most important discoveries. Therefore, the widespread opinion that almost all the time it was physics that was the science leader is not entirely true. Interestingly, the early stages of biology development were often preceded by corresponding stages of medicine, and the stages of physics – by astronomy.
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Kurichin, O., P. Kislitsyn, and A. Ivanchik. "The influence of systematic effects on the determination of the primordial helium abundance." In ASTRONOMY AT THE EPOCH OF MULTIMESSENGER STUDIES. Proceedings of the VAK-2021 conference, Aug 23–28, 2021. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51194/vak2021.2022.1.1.150.

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Various tests of the Primordial Nucleosynthesis (PN) theory and Early Universe cosmology require an accurate determinationof the primordial helium abundance (Y p ). Metal deficient HII regions located in blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies arecommonly used to determine Y p . Since the measured fluxes of He and H lines emitted from such objects often deviate fromtheir pure recombination values due to the influence of several systematic effects, one has to correctly account for theseeffects to determine Y p with high accuracy. In this paper, we present an updated estimate of Y p based on analyses of a largesample of SDSS objects and objects from HeBCD+NIR database. Using improved treatment of the HII region systematicswe obtain Y p = 0.2466 ± 0.0019, which is the most accurate estimate up to date, and is in good consistency with otherindependent estimates as well as the PN+Planck prediction of Y p = 0.2470 ± 0.0002.
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Trushkin, S., A. Shevchenko, N. Bursov, P. Tsybulev, and N. Nizhelsky. "Long-term multi-frequency studies of flaring activity from microquasars." In ASTRONOMY AT THE EPOCH OF MULTIMESSENGER STUDIES. Proceedings of the VAK-2021 conference, Aug 23–28, 2021. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51194/vak2021.2022.1.1.196.

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The long-term monitoring at RATAN-600 of studies of bright X-ray binary stars in various ranges of the electromagneticspectrum, a search and detailed study of correlations between variable X-ray, radio and gamma radiation was carried out.It is a key point for understanding the formation of jet emissions from accreting matter onto a black hole (or neutron star).From April 2019 For a year, we began to use the multi-azimuth measurement mode on the Southern Sector antenna systemwith a flat reflector, when 31 measurements of flux densities at frequencies 4.7, 8.6, 15 and 30 GHz of several giant CygnusX-3 flares, SS433 [1] and GRS1915+105 bright flashes were carried out for 5–6 hours around the culmination of the source.In January 2020, Cyg X-3 switched to a hyper-soft X-ray state, the exit from which in early February led to the brightest theradio flash for the all history of its observations. The Cygnus X-3 flow density increased from 5 mJy to 20 Jy at a frequencyof 4.7 GHz and up to 22 Jy at 2.3 GHz in 2–3 days. In multi-azimuthal observations in the beginning phase, we registered alinear law of increase in the flux at times from 1 to 5 hours. Comparing the data of the space Gamma-ray telescopes (Swift,AGILE and Fermi) and the MAXI and NICER X-ray monitors on board the ISS, we found that flaring events from the radioto the Gamma-rays are interrelated, which is a reflection of the causal relationship of physical processes in the accretiondisk and in jet emissions. The spectral and time dependence of the evolution of flares allow us to model the synchrotronradiation of microquasars based on changes in the volume of jet emissions, the strength of their magnetic field and the modeof generation and absorption of radio radiation from relativistic electrons. Radio flares of the microquasar GRS1915+105,as a clear manifestation of a new jet activity, always have the character of a reaction to changes in the conditions forgenerating X-rays in the accretion disk (MAXI) and in the corona (Swift). We have studied in details periodic radio flaresfrom the X-ray binary with bright Gamma-ray radiation LSI+61d303 for more than 60 orbital periods. Undoubtedly, thenature of these flares changes dramatically depending on the known super-orbital 4.6-year period.
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