Journal articles on the topic 'Tharu community'
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1
Kharel, Megh Prasad. "Reviewing the Anthropological Study of Tharus in Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 33, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v33i1.28694.
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This paper aims to review the varieties of Tharu anthropological writings in Nepal. It is clear that the basic notion of reviewing any area study is to pave the way for further studies as it reveals the departure and gap from previous study. At this backdrop, the review on anthropological study of Tharu in Nepali socio-cultural context discusses how the writings dealing with the Tharus community seem helpful for opening the way to further studies in this area of ethnicity with multidisciplinary approaches, such as, cultural studies, linguistics, literature, demography, history, folklore, sociology, arts and crafts and ethnography. At the same time, it also enhances to comprehend varied subgroups of Tharus in Nepal, for instances, Dangaura, Rana, Kochila, Chitwaniya and Desaura. Moreover, the present research on Tharus is comparatively more focused on anthropological study rather than other disciplines, such as, folklore, ethno-music and literature, sociology, cultural studies, linguistics, ethno-history and demography. Regarding the Tharu anthropological research, this study is an attempt to portray the huge possibility of further ethnic studies, particularly on many subgroups of Tharus in Nepali territory.
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Chaudhari, Lalit. "The Landless Sharecroppers of Dumraha Village: A Case Study on Food Sufficiency among Tharu Community." Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural Studies 14, no. 1-2 (December 10, 2017): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdrs.v14i1-2.19646.
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This research analyzed the situation of sharecroppers and their food sufficiency level in forty Tharu community households in Dumraha village of Sunsari. Household interviews, focus group discussions, key informants survey and observations are led to fulfill the research objective. Among ninety-one landless sharecroppers forty households were selected for the study applying the equation. The landlessness Tharu people are compelled to do agriculture or non-agriculture labor besides farming. The Tharu communities are engaged as sharecropper to face the challenges of food self-sufficiency. Some of the sharecroppers are found to be the previous owner of the land. The practice of sharecropping is fully based on mutual relationship between landlord and sharecroppers, where they agree in sharing the output equally. Sharecropping has helped the landless Tharus to be food self sufficient. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 36-42
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Dangaura, Mohan. "The Memory of Performance: From Contents to Contexts of Selected Tharu Folk Dances." SCHOLARS: Journal of Arts & Humanities 4, no. 1 (February 13, 2022): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sjah.v4i1.43050.
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The major objective of this paper is to analyze the historical context of the Dangaura Tharu folk dances of Nepal. The study discusses the Tharu subjectivity by assessing the performance as an agency. The primary discussion is based on the issue of Kamaiyahood in the songs narrated during the dance of the community. Dangaura Tharu ethnicity resides across five Tarai districts of Nepal: Dang, Banke, Bardiya, Kailali and Kanchanpur. This study is to identify and evaluate the role of memory in the folk performance of the community. It concludes by justifying the abundance of Kamaiyahood, spatial memory and empathy for nature in the community's folk performance. To collect the data required for the study, this study has adopted the qualitative research method, using the techniques such as direct observation, interview and relevant documents to understand the performing arts and rituals of the Tharus of Nepal. In addition, to analyze the collected data, Richard Schechner's idea of performance as a fortitude for identity has been applied critically. In addition, Alan Dunde's concept of folklore as the identity has also been considered. Thus, the study finds the memory of displacement inherent in the Tharu folk dance. The spatial memory and the Kamaiyahood appear as the dominant motifs in Dangaura Tharu folk performance. Since the dance of the community comprises the songs, reflecting the symbols and their meanings of the dances, for each dance has been critically analyzed in the paper.
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Dangaura, Mohan. "Bhada Tharu Homestay: Building National Integrity through Cultural Performance." Molung Educational Frontier 11 (June 18, 2021): 78–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mef.v11i0.37848.
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This article studies the challenges of modernity in Tharu people’s way of life and how successfully they have sustained to maintain aesthetics of ethnicity coping together with modernity. The scholarly discussion of the impact of ritual performances of Tharu people to identify themselves in the national and international domain through the socio-cultural aspect of homestays provides us insight into how Tharus have become successful in preserving the memory of identity through cultural heritage. This study confines its approach within the Bhada village of Kailali district. It examines the progressive changes institutionalized after the homestay programmes in socio-cultural development of Tharu people’s cultural performances facing urbanization. Homestay programmes in the Tharu village of Kailali district have accelerated their financial advancement chiefly by their exceptionally distinct social-cultural legacies of rituals and performances. With the assistance of various exploration reports, it essentially analyzes the part of social execution like dance melodies among Tharu people to bear the progressions for economic exercises and vocation. With the assistance of Devkota and Bhattarai’s notion of homestays and rural development, the paper legitimizes the imminent practical development in the indigenous community by analyzing the issues from culture to modernity.
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Prasad, Dhruv, and Bhojraj Pokhrel. "Mushroom Diversity of Amrite Community Forest, Kapilvastu, Nepal." Himalayan Biodiversity 5, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hebids.v5i1.36158.
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A total of 38 wild mushroom specimens were collected for the period of 3 months (from June to September, 2016) from Amrite community forest of Bhalwad, Banganga municipality. Out of 38 species collected, 34 species were identified up to generic level belonging to 16 families. The most dominant family was Coprinaceae belonging to 5 species followed by Amanitaceae consisting of 4 species. 80% of the Tharu people were found to use mushroom as food, 12.5% as medicine and 7.5% of Tharu people don’t have any idea of food and medicinal value. On the other hand, 57.5% of the non-Tharu community in the study area use mushroom as food, 7.5 % use as medicine and 35% of non-Tharu community do not use mushroom as food and medicine.
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Khatun, Sanzida. "Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 56, no. 213 (October 31, 2018): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.3487.
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Introduction: Cephalic index is an important parameter for differentiation of race and sex which varies significantly on the basis of hereditary, geographical, racial, sexual and other factors. It is a morphometric expression of different forms of head. The objective of this research was to evaluate the cephalic index of people of indigenous Tharu community of Biratnagar, Nepal and to determine different head types.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which maximum head length and breadth of 100 adult Tharu people living in Biratnagar were measured using spreading caliper and scale. The cephalic index was obtained from these values using Hrdlicka’s method.
Results: The mean cephalic index of the study population was 75.99±4.97. The mean cephalic indices of males and females were 76.22±5.14 and 75.78±4.85 respectively. The most common head type observed was dolichocephalic type 47 (47%). It was followed by mesocephalic type 37 (37%), brachycephalic type 13 (13%) was less common and least common was hyperbrachycephalic type 3 (3%).
Conclusions: Long head (dolichocephalic) type is more common in Tharu population in both the genders, whereas, broad head (brachycephalic and hyperbrachycephalic) type is present in very few people.
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Bist, Pirt Bahadur, and Sita Bist. "Life Cycle Rituals among the Rana Tharus of Far Western Nepal." KMC Journal 4, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kmcj.v4i2.47777.
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This article focuses on the life cycle rituals of the Rana Tharu community of Far Western Terai. The Rana Tharus are one of the significant ethnic groups mostly concentrated in Kailali and Kanchanpur district of Far West region of Nepal. The objective of this study was to explore the life cycle rituals of the Rana Tharus. For this purpose, the Rana Tharu community of Kalagaudhi and Kalwapur village in Shukalaphanta Municipality, Kanchanpur district was selected as a study area. The research tools of this phenomenological qualitative research design include semi-structured interview, focus group discussion, informal discussion, observation and oral histories in data collection. This study narrates the life cycle rituals performed by the Rana Tharus elucidating peculiar type of death ritual Ghada (Sharaddha) performed only by the Rana Tharus. This death ritual is organized only after the death of the family member. In this ritual, a dummy prepared for the deceased person and the relatives of the deceased mourns for the night assuming dummy as the corpse of deceased person. The various social-cultural institution, traditions and practices followed by the Rana Tharus have developed social solidarity and cooperation among the Rana Tharus and have functioned properly for the maintenance of the livelihood of the Rana Tharus. The performance of life cycle rituals among the Rana Tharus has become a structure and system among them and is becoming an instrument of identity construction.
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Khaniya, Prem Raj. "Socio Economic Conditions of the Tharu Community in Patihani VDC, Chitwan." Tribhuvan University Journal 27, no. 1-2 (December 30, 2010): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v27i1-2.26392.
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The paper deals with the socio- economic conditions of the Tharu community in the Patihani VDC in Chitwan district. The paper is based on primary data for which a field survey was conducted in 2009. Questionnaire has been used as the major instrument for data collection. The total number of households covered in this study was 45. The heads of households were the respondents of this study. The study indicates that socio- economic conditions of the Tharus is gradually deteriorating.
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Chaudhary, Sujan, Gyanu Thapa Magar, Shiv Nandan Sah, and Sanju Parajuli. "Ethnic Plants of Tharu Community of Eastern Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i2.28325.
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Ethnobotany is the study of ethnic plants of particular people living in particular place. It accommodates list, details and description of all those studied plants regarding with their various uses. Tharu people belong to one of the indigenous communities especially in Terai region of Nepal. Tharu people have been using these plant resources since 18th century. This study aims to identify ethnic plants of Tharu community of eastern Nepal and their uses in their daily lives. Enumeration of useful plants from Tharu ethnic community was conducted in four villages of Ramdhuni municipality of Sunsari district. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and household sampling technique were used for data collection. Plant specimens were collected and information regarding it was obtained from local Dhamis, Jhankris, farmers and old age people. This study reported thirty-seven useful plant species under 25 families. In total 37 species, 25 were recorded as medicinal plant, used to treat pneumonia, menstrual disorder, stones, piles, skin disease etc. Other plant species were used for food, fodder, timber, fiber and ceremonial/ religious activities. Most plant species (78.3%) were having multiple use value, and kept under more than one use category and few species (21.7%) with single use category. Trees (27.02%) and herbs (27.02%), both were dominant over grass, shrubs, climbers and creepers. This study has revealed that many plants species are being used by Tharu community of Eastern Nepal as their ethnic plants for medicine, food, fodder, ornament, material etc which needs to be more explored.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 223-230
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Vaidya, Rashesh, and Ramseh G.C. "Relation of Financial Literacy with Financial Attitude and Financial Behavior among Tharu Woman Small Borrowers." Journal of Business and Management Review 2, no. 10 (October 26, 2021): 665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47153/jbmr210.2312021.
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Tharu are an ethnic group indigenous to the Terai region of Nepal stretching from east to west low-land of Nepal. The Tharu communities are normally residing in most of the districts of the Terai belt of Nepal. The paper tries to find out the relationship between financial literacy with financial attitude and financial behavior among the Tharu community women of Nepal. Hence, the paper has conducted a survey among the Tharu women living at Nawlapur District of Gandaki Province of Nepal. The paper found that Tharu women who are in a saving group, mainly focused on income saving and looking for an opportunity cost. Similarly, Tharu women associated with a saving group, are mainly concerned with the utilization of the credit, they had taken and worked for the repayment of the credit in time. The study also found that financial literacy has highly influenced financial behavior among Tharu women of Nepal. At the same time, the level of financial literacy is not seen as highly influencing the financial attitude among the Tharu women of Nepal.
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Koirala, Ranjana, and Tilarupa Bhattarai. "What Determines Indigenous Peoples’ Mental Health Awareness? A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study From Nawalpur District." Quest Journal of Management and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/qjmss.v3i1.37595.
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Background: The health status of indigenous people including Tharu is very poor. Despite several studies on indigenous communities, no previous studies were found about mental illness and its awareness among the Tharu people in Nepal. Objectives: This study aims to find out the awareness of mental illness among adults of the Tharu community. Within the objective the present study specific to identify the level of awareness on mental illness and to identify an association between selected socio-demographic characteristics and level of awareness on mental illness. Method: The study was based on the descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted in 3, 4, 6, 8, and 15 wards of the Madhyabindu municipality of Nawalpur District as the majority of the Tharu's household are located in these wards. This research administered a structured questionnaire to assess awareness of Tharu adults on mental illness. Data were collected in September and October 2018. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods where the researcher calculated mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency. Chi-square test was used for inferential statistics.Result: Our analysis revealed that the socioeconomic status of the Tharu community is based on agriculture. The overall level of awareness of respondents, 35.5 % had adequate awareness of mental illness whereas 34 % had moderate awareness and 30.5 % respondents had inadequate awareness of the mental illness. The level of awareness of mental illness is statistically significant with the age of respondents, gender, marital status, education status, and occupation status. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it concluded that nearly one-third of Tharu adults have an adequate level of awareness regarding mental illness. Further, the awareness level of Tharu adults tends to vary according to age, sex, education, occupation, and marital status.Implication: The findings of this study imply that mental awareness among the indigenous community is still low and the findings of the study could be used by a mental health organization to plan and implement mental health-related awareness programs in an indigenous community.
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K. C., Durga Lal. "Practice of Dramatic Performance in Barka Dance." Haimaprabha 20 (July 30, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/haimaprabha.v20i0.38608.
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Barka dance is one of the greatest dramatic performances of Tharu Culture. This traditional Tharu dance is performed to keep locals safe from danger and diseases. Barka, which literally translates to ‘big’ in the Tharu language is based on the tales of the Mahabharata and TharuLokMahabharat, Barkimar. The dance, which is carried out from the day of Krishna Janmasthami to Tihar is performed after a long cultural and religious procedure. Condensed versions of this dance are frequently performed during different festivals and fairs. The complete dance requires worshipping different gods and goddesses. They need more than 3o artists to perform the Barka dance. Every character performs a different role according to the story of Mahabharata. They tell the whole story through songs and performance of the characters. It is very important to perform drama in Barka dance for the Tharu community. They learn the message of the story easily watching the performance rather than telling the story. So it is a very traditional practice in the Tharu community. This dance is at risk of extinction because of its time, cost and lack of artists.
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K.C., Ganga. "Maghi: The Festival Among The Tharus: Celebration of New Year." Patan Pragya 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v5i1.30440.
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Nepal incorporates diversity of caste, ethnicity, language, social structure, culture and religion, among which Tharus are one of the indigenous groups of the Tarai and inner Tarai region of the country. The study is dedicated to explore the practice and process of celebrating Maghi as Tharunew year. This study has been conducted by employing both exploratory and descriptive research design. The data of the present article are based on published articles and books and on interviews with the elders of the Dangaura Tharus, ritual performers and educated persons of the community. This study represents the distinct socio-cultural structure and ethnic practice of Dangaura Tharu. Indigenous festivals are significant in anthropological research. So it helps to add specific knowledge about Maghi, the indigenous festival of Tharu people. But the central aspect of the celebration of Maghi is in the verge of gradual change. Because those characters which are not suitable for today is going to be abolished and those that are suitable are carried on continuously. Some factors that are core components cannot be changed and it is continuous even though they do not bear any meaning but continue in the respect of their fore ancestors.
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Chaudhary, Shravan Kumar, and Shiva Kumar Rai. "Ethnobotany of Tharu community of Pakali, Sunsari, Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41767.
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Ethnobotany of Tharu community of Pakali, Sunsari has been studied. The study identified a total 119 plants under 92 genera and 52 families using by them for different purposes such as traditional medicinal practices (92.4% plants), cultural and religious ceremonies (27.7% plants), edible (37.8% plants), fodder (17.6% plants) etc. The community is using large number of plants for the treatment of more than 60 human diseases. Maximum plants (17.74) are used for stomach problem and then expelling worm, skin disease, diarrhea, dysentery and cough, rheumatism, fever and eye problems. There are few but important plants which are effective in abortion, gonorrhea, dyspepsia, appetizer, eczema, tumour, head ache, chest pain, cancer, kidney problem, cholera etc. It has been clear that the Tharu of Pakali have a good knowledge of medicinal plants and their uses.
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Dagaura, Mohan. "The Performance of Jhumra as the Tharu Folk Ballad: A Study in Angst and Eco-Romance." JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature 13, no. 1 (August 25, 2022): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47466.
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This paper critically unravels the themes of Jhumra folk dance-songs of Dangaura Tharu of Nepal. On its interpretation, it discusses the imaginative representation of nature and human relationship in Jhumra songs appropriating the notions of the folklore performance of Richard Schechner and Alan Dundes. The paper appropriates Tharu Jhumra dance songs: Chhaila To, Jone Panah Gaili, Baigam Ture and Karam Lage Aag voiced by Mani Ram Tharu. The songs reflect the romantic fantasy and the suffering of the folks. Jhumra serves as the distinct dance repeatedly performed by the community throughout the year. Along with this, the brief reference of Robert Burns has also been fetched to spell out the modern revival and revisualization of folklores by the medium of YouTube and other commercial online platforms. Jhumra songs comprise the lyrics that romanticize and de-romanticize nature with the human–nature union. I have used Schechner's idea of performance as the way of life to signify the eco-centric romance of Tharu community. Schechner believes that performance is embedded in everydayness of each activity that a folk performs. This research will help to assimilate the eco-friendly nature of Tharu ethnicity and other different ethnicities of Nepal urging us to be more eco-conscious individuals.
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Thapa, Kantiprabha, and Sangeeta Rajbhandary. "Traditional Knowledge of Tharu Community on Plants Used For 'Marcha' (Fermented Cake) Preparation in Benimanipur Vdc Of NawalparasiDistrict, Western Nepal." Journal of Natural History Museum 24 (October 9, 2009): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v24i1.2290.
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Nepal is rich in ethnobotanical information and there are many plants of ethnobotanical values used by various ethnic community and many studies have been carried out in this aspect. The present study was carried out on the western part of Nepal, in Benimanipur VDC, Nawalparasi district focusing mainly on the plants used in 'Marcha' preparation. Data were collected from two field visits from May-June and September 2006. A total of 20 plant species were found as 'Marcha' preparing plants in Tharu community, which were collected and preserved. The traditional technique of 'Marcha' preparation along with different species of plants used by the Tharu community was documented. The different sample of 'Marcha' with different combination of plants was also documented. This paper does highlight the commonly used plants for 'Marcha' preparation by Tharu community.Keywords: Asparagus racemosus; Elephantopus scaber; Piper longum; Fermentation starter; Beverages.Journal of Natural History MuseumVol. 24, 2009Page: 137-145
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Newpane, Surya Prasad. "Empowering Tharu and Bote Women Through Vocational Skills: A Case of Amaltari Homestay." Journal of Training and Development 5 (December 28, 2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jtd.v5i0.33893.
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Tharu and Bote are indigenous groups of Nepal. They have been surviving by using their traditional skills and indigenous knowledge. However, at present, they have gradually started shifting their survival skills for their economic and socio-cultural development. Homestay is one such initiation and women’s role in particular has been vital to this initiation which is usually unnoticed in the society. In connection to this, this paper incorporates the stories of women who uses their vocational skills to run a homestay in their community. For this, a qualitative approach was used and Amaltari homestay which is run by the Tharu and Bote of Nawalparasi was selected as the research site. Several rounds of interactions with owners of the homestay, group discussion with community people and observation were used to collect information. The study found that the women of Tharu and Bote community in Amaltari homestay village have been using their skills in the area of hospitality, cooking traditional foods and crafting bamboo and wooden goods that can be sold to the guests as souvenir. Furthermore, they have been able to keep financial records of their business as well. In this sense, the homestay has significantly contributed to the indigenous practice and has been supportive in uplifting the Tharu and Bote women socially and culturally by using the traditionally learned vocational skills.
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Neupane, Bed Prasad. "The Status of Foreign Labor Migration of Bardiya District in Nepal." Journal of Population and Development 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpd.v1i1.33100.
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This research paper attempts to describe the overseas migration of Bardiya District in Nepal. The main objective of this study is to examine the foreign labor migration from Nepal to Gulf countries including Malaysia. Among many other castes/ethnicities in Nepal, Tharu caste occupies the high percentage. The population of Tharu caste is 56,062 in the study area. Majority of the Tharu people are involved in agriculture sector as it is the traditional occupation. Moreover, this community holds less percentage of agriculture land in the study area. They are still farming the land with conservative and traditional methods and they are far from the modern technology of agriculture. Due to unemployment and insufficient agricultural land, most of the Tharu people migrate to Gulf countries. Selection for Gulf countries as destination by Tharu people in the study area is due to the low privilege households and lack of skill in this manpower. The Government of Nepal should guarantee/manage safer and better foreign labor migration especially in such type of caste/ethnicity.
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Singh, Shila. "ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF WILD PLANTS OF PARSA DISTRICT, NEPAL." Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 24 (December 5, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v24i0.20641.
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The present study was carried out to assess ethnobotanical information of some wild plants used by the Tharu community of Parsa district of Nepal. The study was conducted in four villages; Gadi, Madhuban mathwal, Sonbarsa and Shanker Sharaiya. The study focuses on the ethno botanical practices of the Tharu community and documentation of the traditional knowledge for the benefit of mankind. The information presented in this paper was gathered by frequent field visits in the villages, participatory observations, group discussion, interviews with local knowledgeable people in the year 2013 from February to November. A total of 46 ethnomedicinal wild plant species belonging to 31 families and 44 genera are documented in this study. Some new ethno medicinal uses of the plant species like Ficus benghalensis, Gymnema sylvestre, Mimosa pudica Oroxylem indicum, Hibiscus-rosa sinensis, Hydragia anomala, Matricaria chammomilla, Kalanchoe spathelata, Leucas cephalotes, Madhuca indica, Murraya koenigii, Melia azedarachta, Mentha arvensis, Nephrolepsis cordifolia, Morus alba, Nyctanthes arbortritris, Ocimum sanctum, Oxalis corniculata, Phyllanthus amarus, Plumbago zeylanica, Pterocarplus marsupium, Putranjiva roxburghii and Rauvolfia serpentine among Tharu community of Parsa district of Nepal are discussed in the present study.ECOPRINT 24: 1-12, 2017
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Yadav, Rajkumar. "Female Age at Marriage and Their Fertility in Tharu Community." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 3 (March 9, 2014): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v3i1.9982.
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The main objective of this article is to study the age at marriage and their fertility (CEB) based on secondary data. The data were collected by M.A. Population Studies student Mr. Pramanand Chaudhary. He had selected the Tharu community of ward no.5,6 and 8 of Sundarpur VDC of Sarlahi district as a study area in 2006. This article tries to deal with age group, educational status, occupational status, types of family of respondents and their mean age at marriage. Similarly age at marriage educational status, occupational status of respondents and their mean children ever born (CEB) from the selected respondents. Household and respondents were selected with the help of purposive method where the prevalence of the female age at marriage in Tharu community was high. Collected data were analyzed on the basis of table, frequency distribution, percentage and simple statistics.Academic Voices, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2013, Pages 33-39 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v3i1.9982
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Dhakal, Matilal. "Food security situation analysis in Tharu community in Bardiya, Nepal." International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology 6, no. 05 (May 6, 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcrbp.2019.605.002.
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Pangali Sharma, Til Prasad, Jiahua Zhang, Narendra Raj Khanal, Pashupati Nepal, Bishnu Prasad Pangali Sharma, Lkhagvadorj Nanzad, and Yograj Gautam. "Household Vulnerability to Flood Disasters among Tharu Community, Western Nepal." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 12386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912386.
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Monsoon floods are frequent in the Tarai region of Nepal and claim thousands of lives and substantial numbers of properties every year. Certain human activities are more affected than others in the case of the same hazard. This study analyzes vulnerability to flooding among Tharu households. Data were collected by employing household surveys, group discussions, and key informant interviews in the Thapapur Village Development Committee (VDC) of Kailali district, western Tarai, Nepal. The analysis presented in this study is based on the theory that underpins the pressure and release (PAR) and access models. The results show that Tharu people are the major inhabitants in the study area and they prefer to live within their community; many ex-bonded laborers (marginalized people) choose this location for residence. Human causalities have been reduced in recent years due to easy access to cell phones, which has facilitated effective flood warnings with suitable lead times, but agriculture production loss and other losses are still high. Agricultural land is not only an important natural asset but is also considered a financial asset due to its high price and private ownership. The study concludes that subsistence agriculture-based households with small landholding sizes and less income diversification are highly vulnerable to flooding. Improper resettlement of ex-bonded laborers and land fragmentation due to separation of family members are the most prominent factors resulting in small landholdings. The results can guide government authorities to develop proper flood management strategies for the people living in the lowlands (particularly the Tarai region) of Nepal.
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Gupta, Sharmila, and A. K. Kapoor. "Detection of Hemoglobin D in Tharu Community of Banke, Nepal." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 14, no. 1 (June 13, 2017): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v14i1.17490.
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Background: Patients presenting with microcytic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, abnormal hemoglobin level in electrophoresis and negative sickling test should have high suspicion for HbD disease. This occurrence is more in certain communities. While investigating the etiopathogenesis of subjects with microcytic anemia (n=30), we came across 3 patients with HbD disease.Aim: Present study describes the clinical and hematological findings of 3 patients.Material and Methods: This was an observational study conducted between August, 2014 to July, 2015 in Department of Pathology of Nepalgunj Medical College. Of 30 patients diagnosed as microcytic anemia, 3 patients were selected.Results : The patients belonged to Tharu Chaudhary community of Banke district of Nepal. Age of the patients ranged from 8 to 13 years. All the patients had generalized pallor. Two of 3 patients had fever, joint pains and jaundice. One of the patients had hepatosplenomegaly. Total hemoglobin ranged from 7.1 to 8.4 gm/dl. Patients had microcytic anemia. Sickling test was negative in all the 3 patients. Hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis revealed peaks in HbS region. Due to negativity of sickling test, the abnormal hemoglobin peak was interpreted as HbD. Thus, 2 patients had homozygous HbD disease while another patient had heterozygous HbD trait.JNGMC Vol. 14 No. 1 July 2016
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Maycock, Matthew. "The Influence of the Tharuhat Autonomous State Council (Tasc) In Kailali District in The Far-Western Tarai." New Angle: Nepal journal of social science and public policy 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2011): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53037/na.v1i1.43.
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The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 and Nepal entering a post-conflict era have been associated with the emergence of various organisations and movements often formed along ethnic lines. The Tharuhat Autonomous State Council (TASC) is one such movement that is the focus of this paper but more generally has received relatively limited focus within academia. Within the context of Kailali district in far-west Nepal, this paper explores various characteristics and policies of the wider Tharuhat movement focusing on the vision for an autonomous Tharu state. It will highlight some of the successes and problems that the movement faces. Furthermore, this paper will explore a number of tensions between the national Tharuhat discourse and how this finds meaning and resonance at the local level where activists are attempting to engage with the Tharu community. Ultimately this paper examines the extent to which the Tharuhat movement represents a new more political stage in the wider Tharu ethnic movement.
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Niure, Dhruba Prasad. "Converging and Diverging Points of Indigenous Education and Formal Education Systems in Nepal: A Case of Tharu Community." Interdisciplinary Research in Education 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ire.v4i2.27931.
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This study was carried out to explore the converging and diverging points of indigenous education and formal education systems of Nepal. The entire research process of the study was guided by the interpretive-constructivist paradigm followed by a case study design. Tharu teachers and students were chosen as a sample by using a purposive sampling method and then in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and document analysis was used as the main methods of garnering intensive information regarding the similarities and differences of indigenous education and formal education systems primarily in reference to Tharu community. Study results reveal that both formal and indigenous education systems have their own educational goals, curriculum, teachers, and both of them impart particular knowledge and skills to the learners by using certain instructional techniques. Nevertheless, both education systems are not identical to each other in terms of learning environment, skills-focused, nature of learning, type of teachers, the medium of instruction, and assessment devices. As a result, Tharu children show poor academic performance within the formal education system as compared to non-indigenous children. Coherence between formal curricular contents and indigenous knowledge should be made to provide relevant and effective educational services to indigenous children within formal educational institutions for the purpose of improving their living standards in the future through quality education.
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Singh, Shila. "Ethnobotanical study of Indigenous Knowledge on Some Wild Plants in Parsa District, Nepal." Journal of Natural History Museum 29 (January 19, 2018): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v29i0.19042.
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The present study was carried out to document ethnobotanical informations of some wild plants used by the Tharu community of Parsa district forest area of Nepal. This study was designed to gather primary folk knowledge on different plant based therapies used at four adjacent villages; Gadi, Madhuban mathwal, Sonbarsa and Shanker Sharaiya for various purposes through frequent field visits in the forest and adjoining villages, participatory observations, group discussion, interviews with tribal's and local knowledgeable people in the year 2013 from February to November. A total of 54 ethno-medicinal wild plant species belonging to 29 families and 44 genera were documented in this study. It can be concluded that Tharu community of the Parsa district possess valuable traditional knowledge on plant based therapies. Present documentation will provide novel information to protect traditional knowledge for the conservation and sustainable use of the rich biodiversity for future generations and serve to open the door for new pharmacological research. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 103-121
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Gana, G. "Post Partum Care Practices among Postnatal Mothers in Tharu Community, Kailali District, Nepal." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 3, no. 2 (August 13, 2013): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i2.8438.
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Postnatal mothers are in high risk because most of the deaths occur in this period as compared to pregnancy and childbirth. The objectives of the research was to assess & find out the factors associated with post partum care practices among postnatal mothers and to suggest the measures for the utilization of post partum care services. A total of 175 respondents (all mothers having children below one year) were selected by using multi stage sampling technique from different wards of Dhangadi municipality, and Beladevipur, Geta, Phulbari, & Sripur VDCs of Kailali district from January to June, 2009. The data were statistically analyzed by using chi square test & Pearsons’ correlation test. Family income plays a significant role in Nutritious diet within 24 hours. Occupation had no effect on the frequency of postnatal visits. Education plays a significant role in changing perineal pad. Only 49.7% of respondents had done postnatal visit. Education plays significant role on colostrum feeding practices. Odds ratio = 4.09 (CI=32.06-55.34) at 95% confidence limit. Literate respondents have 4 times more practice of colostrum feeding as compared to illiterate. Distance plays a significant role in health facilities. Education of mothers play major role in postpartum care practices. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i2.8438 Journal of Chitwan Medical College Vol.3(2) 2013 24-26
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Thapa, Chandra Bahadur. "Ethnomedicinal Practices by Tharu Ethnic Community in Rupandehi and Nawalparasi Districts, Western Nepal." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 25, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v25i2.33745.
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Tharus are the marginalized indigenous people of Nepal. This study was carried out using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA), and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from 2019 to 2020. The ethnomedicinal data were collected using a semi-structured interview with 75 key informants, local healers, and Guruwas. A total of 74 plants, belonging to 39 families, for the treatment of 11 categories of ailments, were documented. The highest informant consensus factor (FIC) value was for respiratory troubles (0.84), followed by the skeletomuscular disorder (0.83), and dermatological trouble (0.82). The highest frequency of citation (%) was found in Azadirachta indica (90 %), followed by Calotropis gigantea (67 %), Euphorbia antiquorum (67 %), and Rauvolfia serpentina (51 %). Fabaceae (6 spp.) was the most dominating family; herbs (47 %) the most frequently used life forms; leaves (32 %) the most frequently used plant part, and juice (30 %) being the most widely preferred mode of drug preparation. Different parts of the plant species were used for the treatment of more than one ailment using a different mode of drug preparation, and a single species was used to treat more than one ailments. The high average FIC value (0.72) showed that there was a higher agreement among the informants for the use against certain categories of ailments. Some plants like Rauvolfia serpentina, Piper longum, and Asparagus racemosus need a proper conservation strategy, as their population is decreasing in this area.
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Gautam, Narayan, Archana Jayan, Raju Kumar Dubey, Amit Chandra Jha, Sunkeshari Deshar, Binaya Tamang, Buddhi Raj Pokhrel, Reena Phuyal, Anita Shah, and Raju Kaphle. "Hematological Profiles in Hemoglobinopathy Patients in South Western Nepal." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (July 2, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v8i1.29813.
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INTRODUCTION: Homozygous inheritance of the hemoglobin results in sickle cell anemia (SCA), heterozygous inheritance results in sickle cell trait (SCT). Sickle cell anemia and β-thalasemia (β-TT) have been a major health threat for the tharu living in the South-Western Terai of Nepal. This study is carried out to apply and optimise the phenotypic method and haematological profile to characterise the SCT, SCA and β-TT from suspected tharu community dwellers.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 100 suspected cases of hemoglobinopathies of 12-14 years children and ≥15 years adults tharu community dwellers from Dang, Kapilvastu, Nepalgunj, Rupandehi and Nawalparasi of South-Western Nepal from May 2018 to November 2018. Five mililitre of blood was collected in EDTA vial and transported to the laboratory maintaining cold chain. The hematological profile was recorded after investigations. The hemolysate from blood samples were subjected to phenotypic testing by adopting cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6.
RESULTS: Our result showed the commonest hemoglobinopathy was SCT (38%) followed by β-TT (21%) and SCA (5%). Males were more affected with SCA (60%) while that of females were most affected with β-TT (57.1%). Only 44.7% females were affected with SCT while 42.9% males were affected with β-TT. The significant difference in mean was observed in Hb level (p=0.0001), RBC (p=0.004), MCHC (p=0.015) and RDW (p=0.028) whereas the non-significant difference in mean was observed for glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) level (p=0.063) in hemoglobinopathy patients.
CONCLUSION: Most cases develop severe type of anemia as shown by change in hematological parameters. This information could advocate for timely counselling before constellation of associated condition appeared in hemoglobinopathy patients.
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Sah, Jay P., and Joel T. Heinen. "Wetland resource use and conservation attitudes among indigenous and migrant peoples in Ghodaghodi Lake area, Nepal." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 4 (December 2001): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000376.
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Nepal has a number of wetlands in the lowland region of the country along the southern Indo-Nepalese border that have experienced great pressures from growing human populations due in part to migration of people from the mountains. A questionnaire survey and informal interviews with key informants in 1998 were used to explore the socio-economic status of indigenous and non-indigenous inhabitants, use patterns of forest and wetland resources and attitudes about conservation in Ghodaghodi Lake, a proposed Ramsar site, in the lowlands of western Nepal. Tharus, indigenous to the region, represented 33% of the population; the rest were migrants from the mountains. Tharus had lower literacy rates, larger landholdings and kept different livestock species. Most Tharu families were dependent on extraction from wetlands; all groups used forests for fuelwood but mountain settlers used forests for fodder more than did Tharus. Most respondents expressed willingness to participate in the conservation of Ghodaghodi Lake; however, only 12%, mostly mountain settlers, had ever participated in formal conservation activities. Conservation attitudes were strongly influenced by educational level and resource use. Educated males of higher caste and mountain origin who had previously participated in formal management activities were more positive towards conservation than other groups. There is a need to implement a participatory integrated management plan, to include community development, education and off-farm income generation, to assure participation of Tharus and lower caste households of mountain origin in the conservation and management of wetlands and forests in the area.
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Venugopal, Pulamaghatta N., Bimal Rawat, Kumar Shantanu, Koel Mukherjee, Abrar Alam, Shafali Pawar, and Harashawaradhana. "Genetic Diversity and Affinity Among Five Tibeto-Burman Tribal Populations of Northern India: A Study on Eight Alu Markers." Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 68, no. 1 (June 2019): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277436x19845101.
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The study attempts to ascertain an analysis of eight Arthrobacter luteus (Alu) insertion loci (ACE, TPA25, PV92, HS4.32, FXIIIB, D1, A25, B65) carried out in five tribal populations (Raji, Buxa, Jaunsari, Tharu and Bhotia) of Uttarakhand, Northern India. Total genomic DNA was extracted and amplification of genomic DNA by PCR analysis was carried out to examine the distribution of Alu (+) and Alu (–) genotypes from eight Alu loci. Genetic distance, genetic identity, pairwise Fst values and corresponding p values were computed between each pair of populations through analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) for each Alu loci. The populations exhibited high levels of intra population variations and low levels of inter population differentiation with the average Fst value of inter population being 0.05896, which was expected to be more as the Fst value of intra population was 0.06780. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by using the neighbour-joining (NJ) method and multidimensional (MDS) plot to trace out the genetic affinity between populations. The present data showed that Raji and Buxa community were an ancestral population and Jaunsari, Tharu and Bhotia were diverged latter from Buxa community. The present study is an effort to generate a basic gene frequency distribution data at eight polymorphic Alu loci among five autochthonous groups of Uttarakhand.
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Bhusal, Chet Kant, and Sigma Bhattarai. "Factors Affecting Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Tharu Women of Dang District, Nepal." International Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018 (September 23, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9312687.
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Background. Increase in population plays a decisive role in providing universal access to reproductive health; however, there is very limited evidence about the reason of unmet need among marginalized and tribal communities such as Tharus. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting unmet need of family planning among married Tharu women of Dang, Nepal. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional household survey among 650 married Tharu women of age group 15-49 in October 2015 to April 2016 was conducted in Dang district, Nepal. Randomly 3 wards were selected from each Tulsipur municipality, Hekuli Village Development Committee, and Pawan Nagar VDC. Results. The mean age and parity were 30±7.31 and 2±0.69, respectively. Out of 650 women, 47% were using contraceptives. Westoff model was used for calculating total unmet need which is 49%, where unmet need for limiting and spacing was 27% and 22%, respectively. Hence after combining the current users and total unmet need, total demand for family planning was 96%. After adjustment, significant relation was observed between number of living sons ≥ 1 and unmet need of family planning (OR= 0.4; CI=0.2-0.8, p=0.01 ), similarly for women education; lower secondary level (OR=0.3; CI=0.1-0.6, p=0.01) and secondary (OR=0.1; CI=0.03-0.4, p=0.01); husband education, lower secondary level (OR=0.3; CI=0.1-0.6, p=0.01) and secondary (OR=0.4; CI= 0.2-0.9, p=0.04); and husband occupation, wage labor (OR=0.6; CI=0.4-0.99, p=0.05). In addition, having very good knowledge about method was also significantly associated (OR=0.49; CI= 0.2-0.97, p= 0.04). Conclusion. Unmet need of family planning was significantly higher among less than secondary educated women. It is also predisposed by spouse education, partner’s occupation, and number of living sons. This study concerns the need for all stake holders to focus on strategic behavior communication program regarding reproductive health.
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Aryal, Hari Prasad, and Usha Budathokio. "Macro-fungi of Karhiya Community Forest, western Terai, Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 (January 24, 2013): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7495.
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This is the preliminary report on mycological investigation carried out at Karhiya Community Forest, in Terai region of western Nepal. Phytogeographycally, the area lies within a narrow limit of altitude between 160 and 195 msl in tropical deciduous riverine forest, where major dominant species of macro fungi are Amanita chepangiana, A. caesrea, A. pantherina, Macrolepiota procera, M. rhacodes, Marasamius perforans, M. oreades, Termitomyces clypeatus and T. eurhizeus. The samples collected in the present study represented 26 genera of Basidiomycetes belonging to 18 families and 30 species. The dried specimens are housed in the Nepalese herbaria (TUCH, Kath). The area embraces the mycophagus ethnic communities like Tharu, Magar, Kumal, Majhi, Thakali, Gugung, Girel and Chhantal. The mycoelements prevailing in this area need sustainable utilization and conservation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7495 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 : 93-97 (2012)
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Bhatta, BhupDev, BuddhiBahadur Thapa, Sunita Ranabhat, Umesh Gupta, Amrit Bhandari, Mukunda Kalaune, AlneilM Hamza, MohammedH Saiem AlDahr, and DipendraRaj Pandeya. "LIVER INVOLVEMENT IN SICKLE CELL TRAIT: A CASE CONTROL STUDY AMONG NEPALESE INDIGENOUS THARU COMMUNITY." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/3189.
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Jha, R. "Distribution of hemoglobinopathies in patients presenting for electrophoresis and comparison of result with High performance liquid chromatography." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 5, no. 10 (September 14, 2015): 850–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v5i10.15642.
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Background: Nearly 226 million carriers of thalassemias and abnormal hemoglobin are present worldwide according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The laboratory plays an important role in the investigation of the thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis at alkaline pH and diagnosis based mainly on visual impression of thickness of band may miss the thalassemic trait patients. The aim of this study was to find out different hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia presenting in our hospital and to compare electrophoresis results with HPLC.Materials and Methods: This study was performed in the hematopathology section of Department of Pathology of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital on cases sent for electrophoresis during 18 months period from October 2013 to March 2015 and included hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias identified by either electrophoresis or HPLC. 97 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria and thus were included in the study. Electrophoresis at alkaline pH was done in all whereas HPLC was performed in 27 cases.Results: A sharp peak of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias was seen in Tharu community though other communities are also affected. Thalassemia trait was the most common diagnosis (26.8%) followed by sickle cell anemia (21.6%). Electrophoresis was efficient in detecting some alpha thalassemia variants but missed many cases of beta thalassemia trait.Conclusion: Beta Thalassemia trait and sickle cell anemia both are common in Nepal , along with some other hemoglobinopathies A sharp peak of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias are seen in Tharu community. These abnormal hemoglobins and thalassemias are mainly seen in Terai region. Electrophoresis fails to quantify hemoglobin percentage and thus is not appropriate test in beta thalassemia screening.
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दुलाल Dulal, लोकनाथ Loknath. "मोरङ्गिया थारू समुदायमा प्रथाजनित कानुन एवम् लोकविश्वास {Customary Law and Folk Beliefs in Morangia Tharu Community}." NUTA Journal 8, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2021): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nutaj.v8i1-2.44120.
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मोरङिया थारू जातिमा प्रचलनमा रहेको प्रथाजनित कानुन एवम् लोकविश्वाससँग सम्बन्धित विविध पक्षको विश्लेषण यो अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा गरिएको छ । प्रथाजनित कानुन एवम् लोकविश्वास अमूर्त संस्कृतिको सामाजिक व्यवहार, धार्मिकअनुष्ठान तथा चाडपर्व उत्सव विधाअन्तर्गत पर्ने एउटा सशक्त पक्ष हो । सम्बन्धित जातीय समुदायलाई अनुशासित तथा विशिष्ट बनाउनुका साथै दुनियामा पृथक् पहिचान स्थापित गर्न संस्कृतिको यो पक्षले उल्लेखनीय योगदान पु¥याउँदछ । समाजलाई अनुशासित, मर्यादित, प्रभावकारी, व्यवस्थित र नियमन गर्ने मोरङिया थारू समुदायका केही नीति, नियम आचारसंहिता छन् । ती अमूर्त सांस्कृतिक पक्ष यस जातिका प्रथाजनित कानुन हुन् । धर्म एवम् धार्मिक आस्थासँग जोडिएका यिनीहरूका केही मूल्यमान्यता पनि छन् । ती यो जातिका लोकविश्वास हुन् । समग्रमा थारू जातिमा उहिल्यैदेखि अभ्यास गरिँदैआएका प्रथाजनित कानुन र लोकविश्वासलाई यो समुदायको जातीय कानुन मान्नु पर्दछ । मोरङिया थारू जातिको समाज एवम् समुदायको नियन्त्रण र निर्देशन परम्परादेखि स्थापित प्रथाजनित कानुनका साथै लोकविश्वासले गर्दैआएको देखिन्छ । यो समुदायका प्रत्येक सदस्यले जातीय कानुन, लोकविश्वासका साथै व्यावहारिक आचारसंहिता पालनगर्नु आफ्नो धर्म, दायित्व र कर्तव्य ठान्दछन् । पालन गर्ने र जीवनपद्धति बनाउने मात्र होइन कतिपय अवस्थामा प्रथा, प्रथाजनित कानुन र लोकविश्वासले यो समुदायलाई सङ्गठित एवम् एकीकृत बनाई राख्न समेत सकारात्मक भूमिका निर्वाह गरेको देखिन्छ । प्रथाजनित कानुन र लोकविश्वासले गरेको व्यवस्थाकै आधारमा कतिपय चाडपर्व तथा संस्कारहरू सम्पन्न गरिन्छन् । त्यसोहुँदा जातीय संस्कृतिको संरक्षण संवद्र्धनमा यसको योगदान उल्लेखनीय मानिन्छ । मोरङिया थारू जातिका प्रथाजनित कानुन के के हुन् ? केकस्ता प्रकृतिका छन् ? र मोरङिया थारू समुदायमा प्रचलनमा रहेका लोकविश्वास के के हुन् ? तिनीहरूको प्रकृति कस्तो छ ? भन्ने समस्याको सम्बोधन गर्ने उद्देश्यले यो लेख तयार पारिएको हो । यो अनुसन्धानमा प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक दुवै प्रकारका तथ्याङ्क एवम् सूचना विश्लेषण गरिएका छन् । यो विश्लेषणात्मक र विवरणात्मक ढाँचामा अनुबन्धित गुणात्मक अध्ययन हो ।
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Adhikari, Anuska, and Maheshor Kaphle. "Women’s autonomy and its effect on antenatal care visits among Tharu women of reproductive age (15-49) of Khairahani Municipality, Nepal." Journal of Health Promotion 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhp.v10i1.50985.
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Women's autonomy in health care decision-making is enormously essential for improved maternal and child health outcomes and women's empowerment. This study examines women's autonomy and its effect on antenatal care (ANC) visits among the women of the Tharu community of Khairahani municipality, Chitwan. The probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique was adapted for sample estimation in each selected ward. A list of all the Tharu households in the community was prepared from which 294 women were selected using systematic random sampling techniques. Univariate, bivariate (Chisquare test), and multivariate analyses (binary logistic regression) were performed. One-fifth of women were youths aged 15-24 (mean 27.8 years). One out of ten women was illiterate, and about two-thirds (65%) were involved in agriculture. More than two in five women (42%) did not have autonomy. Women's autonomy, age group, educational status, occupational status, and husband's occupational status were significantly associated with antenatal care visits. A significantly high number of women (p<0.001) who had high autonomy (89%), compared with those who had no autonomy (65%), used ANC services for their last birth. Women with low autonomy and high autonomy were three times (OR=3.05; 95% CI=1.01-8.5) and 4.5 times (OR=4.5; 95% CI 2.3-8.6) more likely to utilize ANC visits than those who had no autonomy. Women's autonomy in healthcare decision-making, household purchases, and money expenditure were significantly associated with the use of antenatal care visits. Women's participation in the decision-making process regarding health care and household matters should be focused on and increased for better utilization of antenatal care services.
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Koirala, Ranjana, and Tilarupa Bhattarai. "Awareness on mental illness among adults of Tharu community in Nepal: evidence from a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management 26, no. 1 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijicbm.2022.122839.
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Bhattarai, Tilarupa, and Ranjana Koirala. "Awareness on Mental Illness among Adults of Tharu Community in Nepal: Evidence from a Cross Sectional Study." International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management 1, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijicbm.2021.10039998.
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Devkota, Rohini Prasad, Babina Bajracharya, Tek Narayan Maraseni, Geoff Cockfield, and Bidur Prasad Upadhyay. "The perception of Nepal’s Tharu community in regard to climate change and its impacts on their livelihoods." International Journal of Environmental Studies 68, no. 6 (December 2011): 937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2011.587282.
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Sharma, Jyotsana, Sumeet Gairola, Yash Pal Sharma, and R. D. Gaur. "Ethnomedicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by Tharu community of district Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 158 (December 2014): 140–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.004.
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Bhattarai, S., B. Pant, and CP Upadhyaya. "Dependency of Tharu communities on wild plants: A case study of Shankarpur, Kanchanpur district." Banko Janakari 21, no. 1 (October 30, 2013): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v21i1.9062.
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Tharu communities are rich in indigenous knowledge of managing environmental resources and coping with environmental stress. The dependency pattern of these communities on wild plants and their role in conservation of wild plants should be identified and explored. This study was carried out with the purpose of assessing dependency pattern of these communities on wild plants and understanding their attitude as well as role in conservation. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from concerned stakeholders. Primary data were supplemented and verified from key informants, field observation and secondary sources. Among the four categories of dependency, majority of the respondents were found under category dependent followed by most dependent and somewhat dependent, respectively, but minority of them were found under category not dependent. Almost all of the respondents were found to have played some role in wild plant conservation. Their attitude towards forest and resource conservation was positive, yet they were not satisfied with the traditional mechanism of forest conservation. The traditional approach of managing forest should, therefore, be modified and a new community-oriented approach should be promoted. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v21i1.9062 Banko Janakari, Vol. 21, No. 1 2011; 35-40
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Chaudhary, J., GP Dhungana, and Harish Chandra Ghimire. "Factors Affecting Newborn Care Practices Among Tharu Mothers in Selected Vilalge Development Committees of Chitwan Distract." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 3, no. 1 (August 22, 2013): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i1.8465.
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Although under five and infant mortality has been reducing in Nepal, neonatal mortality remains largely unchanged. Newborn care practices in the family and in the community acts as contributing factors which could be improved by adopting simple interventions at community level. The objective of the study was to identify newborn care practices (cord care, breastfeeding, and bathing) and factors affecting it. The study is crosssectional descriptive and analytical conducted at Bachauli and Khairahani VDCs of Chitwan district from July to December 2012. A total 181 Tharu mothers were interviewed using semi structured interview schedule. Data processing and analysis was done using SPSS. The study revealed that 99.4% newborns had cord care (cutting, tying and applying nothing or using antiseptic). All newborns were breastfed and given colostrums as first feed but initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of delivery was only 52.5 %. Ninety seven per cent were bathed after 24 hours of delivery. Mothers who knew about newborn care were more likely to practice cord care (OR=0.10, 95% CI=0.02-0.41) in comparison to mothers who do not know about it. Compared to mothers with secondary and primary education, mothers having higher education were breastfeeding within one hour of delivery (OR= 2.06, 95% CI=1.12-3.81). Delaying in bathing was more practiced in institutional deliveries compared to home deliveries (OR= 12.11, 95% CI=1.65-88.64). Overall newborn care practices were acceptable as per the findings of this study. Awareness programs regarding initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of delivery should be strengthening. Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2013; 3(1): 42-45 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i1.8465
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Chandra, Anamika, and Amar Pal Singh. "Young women’s choice between traditional and modern health practices for maternal healthcare within Tharu community in Uttar Pradesh." Children and Youth Services Review 119 (December 2020): 105574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105574.
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Kumar, Akhilesh, Vimal Chandra Pandey, and Divya Darshan Tewari. "Documentation and determination of consensus about phytotherapeutic veterinary practices among the Tharu tribal community of Uttar Pradesh, India." Tropical Animal Health and Production 44, no. 4 (September 18, 2011): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9979-x.
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Bhatt, Rajendra Dev. "Report of Beta Thalassemia in Newar Ethinicity." Annals of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 3, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/acclm.v3i1.17298.
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Beta thalassemia trait is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive form of beta thalassemia. Individual with beta thalassemia are clinically asymptomatic. Here we have described a case that has been incidentally diagnosed as beta thalassemia trait. A 31 year old male form Newar Community came to hospital for routine health checkup was send for hematological investigation. On examination, his red cell morphology was found to be microcytic hypochromic and his hemoglobin concentration was mildly decrease. His other parameters was evaluated and requested for analysis of iron profile and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Iron profile test was normal. Hemoglobin electrophoresis showed prominent band in HbA2 region. Presence of HbA2 band was confirmed by hemoglobin variant HPLC analysis. A diagnosis of heterozygous beta thalassemia trait was made. Prevalence of beta thalassemia gene in Tharu population was reported but its presence in other communities is still unknown so it is recommended to study the prevalence of beta thalassemia gene in Newar community as well.
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Kumar, Akhilesh, Vimal Chandra Pandey, Anant Gopal Singh, and Divya Darshan Tewari. "Traditional uses of medicinal plants for dermatological healthcare management practices by the Tharu tribal community of Uttar Pradesh, India." Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 60, no. 1 (April 8, 2012): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-012-9826-6.
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Woli, Lokendra. "Impact of Homestays on Socio-economic Opportunities of the Local Community." KMC Journal 4, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kmcj.v4i2.47779.
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Homestays have settled current encouraging tourism becoming an important source of income for many families in rural areas of Nepal. Homestay has supported the local and external visitors to learn about the local culture, custom, traditions, and diversity among others. The objective of this study was to find out the socio-economic opportunities and its impact on local community of Dallagaon, Bardiya. This study further observed the cultural impact of homestays on the host community. Concurrent mixed-methods research design was used to understand the situation of homestay at the destination by using the questionnaire, interview and key informant information as the tools. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that homestays plays the vital role to conserve the culture by increasing local product and to empower in the education by increasing the economic conditions. It helps to improve communication skills as well as reduce migration problems and hence supportive for local employment. There is no significant difference between the economic and socio-cultural impact of homestays on the host community as perceived by homestay operators in the sample according to the t-test analysis. Dallagaon may be the best destination for those tourists who seek rich, unique and firsthand Tharu culture. The local communities are becoming more aware of their cultural identity, preservation, and the creation of new local infrastructure. It will contribute the creation of more job opportunities, infrastructure development, and essentially poverty reduction.
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Jones, Samantha. "Tigers, trees and Tharu: An analysis of community forestry in the buffer zone of the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal." Geoforum 38, no. 3 (May 2007): 558–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2006.10.010.
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Pasa, Rajan Binayek. "Tourism in Nepal: The Models for Assessing Performance of Amaltari Bufferzone Community Homestay in Nawalpur." Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural Studies 17 (December 31, 2020): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdrs.v17i0.34952.
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This study assesses performance of Amaltari Bufferzone Community Home stay that received best homestay award in 2017. For the survey study, the data collected from 236 sample respondents were theorized based on social capital, ecotourism, asset-based community development and sustainability approach that are then supported by the empirical findings. An index was developed to describe the overall performance of the homestay by compositing five thematic indexes: relevancy, efficiency, effectiveness, impact, sustainability. The index value 92.65 from the range of minimum 48 and maximum 240 for the overall performance provides the strong quantitative evidence to answer the question “why did Amaltari receive the best award among”. The multiple regression model (R-square value 0.99) for overall performance also proves that independent variables describe the dependent variables by 99 percent. Among the independent variables relevancy and effectiveness indexes are more likely to describe dependent variable- theoverall performance index. The evidence shows that Amaltari hemostat has performed well due to the technical/financial supports of WWF, proper mobilization/utilization of conservation fund and homestay community fund, strong social capital, and quality leadership that has transforming the livelihoods of Tharu, Bote and Mushar indigenous people.However, they have some concerns like waste management in bufferzone areas, reviving the cultural organizations for preserving and transmitting culture from generation to generation, minimizing the modernization and demonstrative effects due to the excessive flow of the tourists and upgrading road connectivity.Hence, the local government, homestay and bufferzone users committee should collectively implement integrated tourism development programs for addressing such concerns.