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1

Tudge, C. C., and C. W. Cunningham. "Molecular phylogeny of the mud lobsters and mud shrimps (Crustacea : Decapoda : Thalassinidea) using nuclear 18S rDNA and mitochondrial 16S rDNA." Invertebrate Systematics 16, no. 6 (2002): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is02012.

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Partial sequences of the 18S nuclear and 16S mitochondrial ribosomal genes were obtained for 14�species of thalassinidean shrimp (families Callianassidae, Laomediidae, Strahlaxiidae, Thalassinidae and Upogebiidae) and a further six species in related decapod infraorders (families Aeglidae, Astacidae, Lithodidae, Palinuridae, Raninidae and Scyllaridae). Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses show equivocal support for the monophyly of the Thalassinidea, but show strong support for division of the infraorder into two major clades. This dichotomy separates representatives in the Upogebiidae, Laomediidae and Thalassinidae from those in the Strahlaxiidae and Callianassidae. The Laomediidae is shown to be paraphyletic, with the thalassinid species, Thalassina squamifera, being placed on a branch between Axianassa and a clade comprising Jaxea and Laomedia, the three current laomediid genera. For a monophyletic Laomediidae, the family Axianassidae should be resurrected for the genus Axianassa.
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2

Griffis, RB, and TH Suchanek. "A model of burrow architecture and trophic modes in thalassinidean shrimp (Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Marine Ecology Progress Series 79 (1991): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps079171.

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3

Stamhuis, E. J., J. J. Videler, and P. A. W. J. de Wilde. "Optimal foraging in the thalassinidean shrimp Callianassa subterranea." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 228, no. 2 (October 1998): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(98)00026-4.

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4

Seo, Jaehwan, and Bon Joo Koo. "The Sediment Reworking of the Mud Shrimp Laomedia sp. (Crustacea: Laomediidae) with Tidal Conditions in the Intertidal Sediments of Gomso Bay, Korea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111251.

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Although the thalassinidean mud shrimp Laomedia sp. is one of the most abundant species in the upper tidal flats along the west coast of Korea, little is known of its ecological characteristics and bioturbation effects on intertidal sediments. This study estimated the sediment reworking rate (SRR) of Laomedia sp. by quantifying in situ sediments ejected from the burrows via direct entrapment and evaluated the effects of tidal conditions on the SRR. The amount of expelled sediments from individual burrows was significantly related to the duration of submergence, whereas SRR showed an increasing trend as elevation increased. The SRR of Laomedia sp. was estimated to be 40 g ind.−1 d−1 and the annual SRR of this species was 72.2 kg m−2 yr−1 based on the density in the study area, which is very high compared to other thalassinidean shrimp. These findings suggest that Laomedia sp. is an important bioturbator in intertidal sediments, and tidal conditions should be considered when evaluating the SRR of this species.
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5

Miller, M. F., and H. A. Curran. "Behavioral plasticity of modern and Cenozoic burrowing thalassinidean shrimp." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 166, no. 1-2 (February 2001): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(00)00210-8.

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6

DWORSCHAK, PETER C., and MARINA R. CUNHA. "A new subfamily, Vulcanocalliacinae n.subfam., for Vulcanocalliax arutyunovi n.gen., n.sp. from a mud volcano in the Gulf of Cádiz (Crustacea, Decapoda, Callianassidae)." Zootaxa 1460, no. 1 (April 27, 2007): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1460.1.3.

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A new ghost shrimp, Vulcanocalliax arutyunovi n.gen. n.sp., is described and accommodated in the new subfamily Vulcanocalliacinae. This subfamily shares with the Bathycalliacinae Sakai & Türkay, 1999 the presence of epipods on the third maxilliped and the first four pairs of pereopods, but differs by the absence of cardiac sulci and a dorsomedian carina. This is the second record of a thalassinidean crustacean from deep-sea chemoautotrophic communities.
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7

Kato, Makoto, and Gyo Itani. "Commensalism of a Bivalve, Peregrinamor Ohshimai, With a Thalassinidean Burrowing Shrimp, Upogebia Major." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75, no. 4 (November 1995): 941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400038261.

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Ecological, behavioural and anatomical observations of a commensal bivalve, Peregrinamor ohshimai (Mollusca: Galeommatoidea), were carried out in a tidal mudflat in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The bivalve attached specifically to the longitudinal groove of the ventral side of the cephalothorax of thalassinidean burrowing shrimps, Upogebia major and Lf. narutensis (Crustacea: Decapoda), singly, dorso-ventrally and longitudinally, using its byssus, with its anterior part towards the head of the host. The mantle of the commensal bivalve has wide anterior (branchio-pedal) and narrow posterior (exhalant) apertures. In the living organism, the extended anterior edges of the mantle protrude from the shell and are inserted into the host's filtering basket, which is formed by the setal rows of the first two pairs of pereiopods and utilized for intercepting suspended matter. By beating its pleopods in a U-shaped burrow, the filter-feeding Upogebia shrimp creates water currents, which are also utilized by the commensal bivalve for filter-feeding. The shell length of the commensal bivalve was in proportion to the host's carapace length. This suggests that the veliger larva attaches to a young host and grows, thus maintaining the host-commensal morphological matching. The bivalve is a hermaphrodite and individuals of >8–5 mm in shell length were already producing eggs. Anatomical observations suggest that P. ohshimai is most closely related to the Montacutidae in Galeommatoidea.
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8

Candisani, Luciano C., Paulo Y. G. Sumida, and Ana Maria S. Pires-Vanin. "Burrow morphology and mating behaviour of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia noronhensis." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 5 (October 2001): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401004611.

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Burrow morphology and mating behaviour of Upogebia noronhensis was studied using resin casting of burrows in the field and observation of laboratory maintained animals. Burrows of U. noronhensis showed a typical Y-shaped pattern in over 70% of the cases analysed. The remaining 30% comprised U-shaped burrows lacking the lower tunnel (shaft) and burrows with long additional branches projecting from the U portion. Results from animals left to construct burrows in the aquarium closely matched those found in nature. Field and laboratory burrows showed that different shapes are related to the collapse of the burrow walls, the burrowing activities of other individuals and species, and to the behaviour of the species itself. U-shaped burrows form as a result of the partial construction of the burrow (the U part is always built first) or owing to the collapse of the shaft. Burrows with additional branches always belonged to males and result from their search for a female with which to reproduce. This process also produced connected burrows. Mating occurs within the female burrow and this is the only time when two animals occupy the same burrow. After mating, the male returns to its burrow and immediately closes the connection. Larvae are planktonic and probably settle in adult areas, since the smallest juvenile burrows were always associated with adult burrows. This may contribute to the high population densities found in the field (∼200 ind m−2), which in consequence facilitates fossorial encounters for reproduction. This is the first time fossorial encounters for reproduction are reported for an Upogebia species and probably for all Thalassinidea.
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9

Swinbanks, David D., and John L. Luternauer. "Burrow distribution of thalassinidean shrimp on a Fraser Delta tidal flat, British Columbia." Journal of Paleontology 61, no. 2 (March 1987): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000028493.

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Burrows of the thalassinidean shrimp Callianassa californiensis and Upogebia pugettensis, which resemble the trace fossils Thalassinoides and Ophiomorpha, respectively, occur on the southern tidal flats at the western front of the Fraser Delta. Burrow densities for both shrimp species are highest at lower intertidal levels immediately inshore of an extensive bed of Zostera marina eelgrass, but the high-density shrimp populations are segregated: the highest densities of C. californiensis burrows (350–450 burrow openings/m2) occur in a strip of clean sandy sediments, whereas U. pugettensis burrows are most abundant (30–80 burrow openings/m2) in a patch of muddy sands and sandy muds. On the tidal flats of the Fraser Delta as a whole, however, textural properties of the sediment show no consistent correlation with the burrow density of either shrimp.In the eelgrass bed, eelgrass root mats appear to markedly restrict the density of C. californiensis burrows. Towards the shore, the well-lined dwelling burrows of U. pugettensis occur no higher than mean sea level where maximum continuous exposure is ≤0.5 days. In contrast, C. californiensis, which has an unlined feeding burrow and a higher tolerance for anoxia, is present up to the margin of the local salt marsh which lies near the mean higher high water level where the flats can be exposed continuously up to 5 days.In situ experiments indicate that C. californiensis extrudes 18 ± 9 ml of wet sediment/shrimp/ day onto the substrate surface, while U. pugettensis seldom forms a mound around its burrow entrance. Burial of filter-feeding postlarval U. pugettensis under the mounds produced by C. californiensis may increase postlarval mortality and reduce adult populations of U. pugettensis in areas of high C. californiensis burrow density.The results of this study suggest that in distinguishing Ophiomorpha from Thalassinoides more emphasis should be placed on the presence of an extensive burrow lining in Ophiomorpha than on the presence of a knobby burrow exterior, because the former characteristic has a more profound bearing on burrow function, physiology of the occupant organism, and, consequently, burrow distribution.
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10

GRIPPA, G. "Salmoneus kekovae, a new species of alpheid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the south-western coast of Turkey." Mediterranean Marine Science 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2004): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.202.

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A new species of Salmoneus collected in Turkish waters is described. It appears to live in burrows associated with gobiid fish or thalassinidean decapods, as do other species in the genus. Previously, twenty Salmoneus species have been recognised worldwide, two of which are known from the Mediterranean. Some morphological features are discussed in order to determine their taxonomic value. A table summarises the geographical distribution of the 21 species currently recognised.
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11

Itani, Gyo. "Two types of symbioses between grapsid crabs and a host thalassinidean shrimp." Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 39, no. 2-3 (March 2001): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5134/176297.

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12

Curran, H. Allen, and Austin B. Williams. "Burrowing Behavior of Thalassinidean Shrimp in a Bahamian Intertidal Carbonate Sand Flat." Paleontological Society Special Publications 8 (1996): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200000952.

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13

Bilodeau, A. L., D. L. Felder, and J. E. Neigel. "Multiple paternity in the thalassinidean ghost shrimp, Callichirus islagrande (Crustacea: Decapoda: Callianassidae)." Marine Biology 146, no. 2 (September 1, 2004): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-004-1444-1.

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14

Kensley, Brian, and Austin B. Williams. "Axiopsis eximia, a new thalassinidean shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidae) from the Middle Eocene of South Carolina." Journal of Paleontology 64, no. 5 (September 1990): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000018990.

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Axiopsis eximia, a new species of thalassinidean shrimp, is described from an exposure of the Middle Eocene Lower Warley Hill Formation of South Carolina, U.S.A. Fossil axiids are rare, but this unique specimen is remarkably preserved as quartz free of enveloping matrix, having a nearly complete though distorted carapace, proximal parts of most thoracic appendages in situ but with distal articles missing, and extended abdomen with segments almost complete except for a few missing appendages. Presence of the bases of pleopods 1 and the elongate eyestalks surpassing the rostral apex, which it shares with the extant Axiopsis caespitosa group, place it provisionally in Axiopsis, which generally lacks first pleopods in males.
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15

Nickell, LA, and RJA Atkinson. "Functional morphology of burrows and trophic modes of three thalassinidean shrimp species, and a new approach to the classification of thalassinidean burrow morphology." Marine Ecology Progress Series 128 (1995): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps128181.

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16

Kensley, Brian, and George M. Simmons. "Axiorygma nethertoni, a New Genus and Species of Thalassinidean Shrimp from Florida (Decapoda: Axiidae)." Journal of Crustacean Biology 8, no. 4 (November 1988): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1548701.

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17

Itani, Gyo, Makoto Kato, and Yoshihisa Shirayama. "Behaviour of the shrimp ectosymbionts, Peregrinamor ohshimai (Mollusca: Bivalvia) and Phyllodurus sp. (Crustacea: Isopoda) through host ecdyses." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 1 (February 2002): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402005180.

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The behaviour of two ectosymbiotic animals, Peregrinamor ohshimai (a bivalve attached to the ventral cephalothorax of the host), and Phyllodurus sp. (a bopyrid isopod attached to the second pleopod of the host), during ecdyses of the host thalassinidean Upogebia shrimps was studied by time-lapse video of infested shrimps. In the intermoult stages of the hosts, both ectosymbionts did not move. However they moved on to the newly emerged body of the host at the time when the host moulted. Peregrinamor ohshimai began to move just after the host started moulting, whereas Phyllodurus sp. moved prior to ecdysis of the host and waited near the fissure from which the newly moulted body emerges first. There are highly correlated morphological relationships between the symbionts and the hosts. It is suggested that both ectosymbionts grow with the same host individuals after infection, keeping morphological affinity with their hosts without being discarded during ecdyses of the hosts.
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18

Howe, Rebecca L., Andrew P. Rees, and Stephen Widdicombe. "The impact of two species of bioturbating shrimp (Callianassa subterranea and Upogebia deltaura) on sediment denitrification." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 3 (May 24, 2004): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540400966xh.

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In a benthic mesocosm experiment, the effects of two species of burrowing Thalassinidean shrimps (Callianassa subterranea and Upogebia deltaura) on rates of sediment denitrification were determined using the isotope pairing technique. Denitrification rate (Dtot) and coupled nitrification–denitrification (Dn) were shown to be significantly enhanced by the presence of U. deltaura by 2·9 and 3·3 times respectively, relative to control measurements. For U. deltaura the stimulation of the denitrification rate was found to be significantly related to the size of the animal (F=5·81, P=0·042). No deviation from the rates determined in control cores for either Dtot or Dn was observed for those cores inhabited by C. subterranea. The increase in Dtot with U. deltaura was considered to be the result of a combination of different factors, including; the direct extension of the sediment–water interface and an increase in oxygenation of the sediments and solute transport, as a result of the ventilating activities of the animal itself.
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19

DWORSCHAK, PETER C., and SÉRGIO DE A. RODRIGUES. "A modern analogue for the trace fossil Gyrolithes: burrows of the thalassinidean shrimp Axianassa australis." Lethaia 30, no. 1 (March 29, 2007): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00443.x.

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20

Löwemark, Ludvig. "Evidence for targeted elasmobranch predation on thalassinidean shrimp in the Miocene Taliao Formation, NE Taiwan." Lethaia 48, no. 2 (August 21, 2014): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/let.12101.

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21

Kato, Makoto, and Gyo Itani. "Peregrinamor gastrochaenans (Bivalvia : Mollusca), a New Species Symbiotic with the Thalassinidean Shrimp Upogebia carinicauda (Decapoda : Crustacea)." Species Diversity 5, no. 4 (2000): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.5.309.

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22

Webb, AP, and BD Eyre. "Effect of natural populations of burrowing thalassinidean shrimp on sediment irrigation, benthic metabolism, nutrient fluxes and denitrification." Marine Ecology Progress Series 268 (2004): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps268205.

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23

Hung Liu, Ha Trieu, Dominik Kneer, Harald Asmus, and Harald Ahnelt. "The feeding habits of Austrolethops wardi, a gobiid fish inhabiting burrows of the thalassinidean shrimp Neaxius acanthus." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 79, no. 4 (September 2008): 764–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2008.06.020.

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24

Bird, F. L., P. I. Boon, and P. D. Nichols. "Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of Burrows of the Deposit-feeding Thalassinidean Ghost Shrimp Biffarius arenosus (Decapoda: Callianassidae)." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 51, no. 3 (September 2000): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2000.0676.

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25

Bertics, Victoria J., Jill A. Sohm, Cara Magnabosco, and Wiebke Ziebis. "Denitrification and Nitrogen Fixation Dynamics in the Area Surrounding an Individual Ghost Shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis) Burrow System." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 11 (March 23, 2012): 3864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00114-12.

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ABSTRACTBioturbated sediments are thought of as areas of increased denitrification or fixed-nitrogen (N) loss; however, recent studies have suggested that not all N may be lost from these environments, with some N returning to the system via microbial dinitrogen (N2) fixation. We investigated denitrification and N2fixation in an intertidal lagoon (Catalina Harbor, CA), an environment characterized by bioturbation by thalassinidean shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis). Field studies were combined with detailed measurements of denitrification and N2fixation surrounding a single ghost shrimp burrow system in a narrow aquarium (15 cm by 20 cm by 5 cm). Simultaneous measurements of both activities were performed on samples taken within a 1.5-cm grid for a two-dimensional illustration of their intensity and distribution. These findings were then compared with rate measurements performed on bulk environmental sediment samples collected from the lagoon. Results for the aquarium indicated that both denitrification and N2fixation have a patchy distribution surrounding the burrow, with no clear correlation to each other, sediment depth, or distance from the burrow. Field denitrification rates were, on average, lower in a bioturbated region than in a seemingly nonbioturbated region; however, replicates showed very high variability. A comparison of denitrification field results with previously reported N2fixation rates from the same lagoon showed that in the nonbioturbated region, depth-integrated (10 cm) denitrification rates were higher than integrated N2fixation rates (∼9 to 50 times). In contrast, in the bioturbated sediments, depending on the year and bioturbation intensity, some (∼6.2%) to all of the N lost via denitrification might be accounted for via N2fixation.
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26

Feldman, KL, DA Armstrong, DB Eggleston, and BR Dumbauld. "Effects of substrate selection and post-settlement survival on recruitment success of the thalassinidean shrimp Neotrypaea californiensis to intertidal shell and mud habitats." Marine Ecology Progress Series 150 (1997): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps150121.

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27

Kinoshita, Kyoko, Gyo Itani, and Takashi Uchino. "Burrow morphology and associated animals of the mud shrimp Upogebia yokoyai (Crustacea: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 5 (June 2, 2010): 947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410000214.

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The burrow morphology of the mud shrimp Upogebia yokoyai was investigated on a tidal flat in the Nanakita River mouth in north-eastern Japan using in situ resin casting. A total of 26 burrow casts were recovered, including those of 16 large shrimps and 10 small shrimps. Burrows of large shrimp were relatively simple and Y-shaped with depth exceeding 1.2 m. Although burrow diameter was related to shrimp size, correlation with other burrow measurements was low. Three large casts were connected to others via a narrow horizontal portion potentially reflecting mating behaviour of the shrimp. Burrows of small shrimp were more complex than those of the other upogebiids and were connected to large burrows. In 6.7% of cases, bopyrid isopods were present in the branchial chamber. Three species of gobies were found in the burrows. These data show that burrows of U. yokoyai serve not only as a recruitment site for conspecific shrimp, but also as habitat for other animals in the tidal flat.
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28

Johns, A. R., A. C. Taylor, R. J. A. Atkinson, and M. K. Grieshaber. "Sulphide Metabolism in Thalassinidean Crustacea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 77, no. 1 (February 1997): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033828.

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Sulphide occurs widely in marine sediments and is highly toxic to most organisms. Its principal poisoning effect occurs at extremely low concentrations and is the result of inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. Mud-shrimps (Crustacea: Thalassinidea), construct burrows in sublittoral muddy sediments. The sediment in which they burrow is markedly reduced and conditions within the burrow are usually hypoxic and hypercapnic. Field measurements indicate that the shrimps may be exposed to potentially toxic levels of sulphide in the burrow water (range 0–206 μM, N=37). Laboratory experiments carried out onCalocaris macandreae, Callianassa subterraneaandJaxea nocturnahave shown that these species have a high tolerance of sulphide. An oxygen dependent detoxification mechanism exists to defend cytochrome c oxidase from sulphide poisoning. The main detoxification product of this mechanism is thiosulphate which accumulates rapidly even during brief exposures to low concentrations of sulphide. Sulphite also appears as a secondary detoxification product. Aerobic metabolism can be maintained even under severe hypoxia and toxic sulphide conditions. The mud-shrimps switch to anaerobiosis when the detoxification mechanism is saturated. These data indicate that mud-shrimps are physiologically adapted to tolerate elevated levels of sulphide that they may encounter in their natural habitat.
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29

Rowden, A. A., and M. B. Jones. "A contribution to the biology of the burrowing mud shrimp, Callianassa subterranea (Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 74, no. 3 (August 1994): 623–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400047706.

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Samples of the mud shrimp Callianassa subterranea (Montagu) were taken at irregular intervals (September and October 1989, April and July 1990, August 1991) from a depth of 47 m at a fixed station in the North Sea (54°35′N 04°50′E). At this site, mud shrimps appear to have a contagious distribution, the mean density varied between 38 and 59 individuals m-2 and the sex ratio was biased significantly to males (mean male: female ratio, 1·9), except for shrimps of ≥8 mm carapace length (CL) which had an equal sex ratio. The combined samples for the full sampling period showed a bimodal distribution for males and females, with a possible third mode for males, suggesting a life cycle of between 2 and 3 years. Only females ≥7 mm CL carried eggs. Lack of samples over winter prevent any conclusive description of seasonal population patterns; however, reproduction (based on the presence of ovigerous females) extended from April to September with a peak in July and post-larval shrimps (<3 mm CL) were present each month. The allometric growth of the primary chela identified male (6·5 mm CL) and female (7·5 mm CL) size at maturity. Differences in allometric growth after maturity result in males having larger and more massive primary chelae than females of equal carapace length. The parasitic isopod Ione thoracica (Montagu) infected between 20% (October) and 10–8% (August) of mud shrimps, with males having a significantly higher level of infestation than females.
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30

Stamhuis, E. J., and J. J. Videler. "Burrow ventilation in the tube-dwelling shrimp Callianassa subterranea (Decapoda: thalassinidea). I. Morphology and motion of the pleopods, uropods and telson." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 14 (July 1, 1998): 2151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.14.2151.

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The morphology of the pleopods, uropods and telson of the tube-dwelling shrimp Callianassa subterranea have been studied using dissection microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The kinematics of these appendages were examined by motion analysis of macro-video recordings of ventilating shrimps in transparent artificial burrows. The pleopods show the usual crustacean biramous anatomy, but all segments are rostro-caudally flattened. The protopodite bears a triangular medially oriented endopodite and a scoop-shaped exopodite. The contralateral endopodites are linked by the appendix interna, ensuring a perfect phase relationship between contralateral pleopods. The outer rims of the exopodites are fringed with long fern-leaf-like plumose setae bearing flattened setules. These setae have very mobile joints and can be turned caudally. The slits between contralateral endopodites have rims of leaf-like setae as well. Setae of the same leaf-like type fringe the uropods, but these are non-motile. The telson has a narrow fringe of leaf-like setae, locally interrupted by long mechanoreceptory setae. A shrimp, wandering through the burrow or resting, holds its pleopods against the abdomen with the exopodites and their setal fringes retracted medially. The uropods are folded medially as well, probably to reduce the shrimp's drag. During ventilation, the uropods are extended against the tube wall, leaving only a small opening for flow ventral from the telson, and the pleopods beat at a frequency of approximately 1 Hz (0.9+/-0.2 Hz). Fourier analysis of pleopod kinematics showed that the motion pattern of the first flow-generating pleopod pair (PP1) consisted mainly of the first harmonic (75 %) and to a lesser extent of the third harmonic (20 %), resulting in almost perfect sinusoidal motion. The motion patterns of PP2 and PP3 could be modelled by assigning pure sinusoids with a 120 degrees phase shift and a rostro-caudal ranking to the three pairs of pleopods.
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31

Astall, C. A., S. J. Anderson, A. C. Taylor, and R. J. A. Atkinson. "Comparative studies of the branchial morphology, gill area and gill ultrastructure of some thalassinidean mud-shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Journal of Zoology 241, no. 4 (April 1997): 665–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1997.tb05740.x.

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32

Poore, Gary C. B., Gary C. B. Poore, Shane T. Ahyong, Gary C. B. Poore, Shane T. Ahyong, Heather D. Bracken-Grissom, Gary C. B. Poore, et al. "On stabilising the names of the infraorders of thalassinidean shrimps, Axiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 and Gebiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 (Decapoda)." Crustaceana 87, no. 10 (2014): 1258–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003354.

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The names Gebiidea and Axiidea, erected by de Saint Laurent (1979), have priority over others for the two infraorders of shrimps previously included in Thalassinidea. Importantly, Thalassinidea are not monophyletic and the name should be replaced. Gebiidea and Axiidea, besides having priority and describing two monophyletic taxa, are now in common use (130 citations) and are more stable than alternative schemes proposed by Sakai (2005 and later). The history of the names of higher taxa applied to these groups is reviewed, and all family-group taxa listed.
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33

Kinoshita, Kyoko, and Gyo Itani. "Interspecific differences in the burrow morphology between the sympatric mud shrimps, Austinogebia narutensis and Upogebia issaeffi (Crustacea: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 85, no. 4 (June 27, 2005): 943–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315405011926.

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The morphology of burrows constructed by the upogebiid mud shrimps Austinogebia narutensis and Upogebia issaeffi was studied using resin castings of burrows in situ on Mukaishima Island, Seto Inland Sea, Japan, where the two species occurred sympatrically. The burrow structure of both shrimps is a relatively simple Y-shaped pattern, which is typical of the family Upogebiidae. Total burrow length, and length and overall width of the U-shaped section of A. narutensis were greater than those of U. issaeffi, possibly because A. narutensis is the larger species. When the ratios of the burrow measurements to the mean burrow diameter were compared to exclude possible size effects, the burrows of A. narutensis had a wider and shallower U-shaped section than those of U. issaeffi. Because the casts were made where the two species occurred sympatrically, the differences in the burrow morphology were not due to the differences in environmental factors but to the difference in the shrimp species, whether they are adaptive or not.
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34

Bishop, Gale A., and Austin B. Williams. "Taphonomy and preservation of burrowing thalassinidean shrimps." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 118, no. 1 (April 2005): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2988/0006-324x(2005)118[218:tapobt]2.0.co;2.

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35

Itani, Gyo, and Takashi Uchino. "A morphometric study of the burrowing mud shrimp Laomedia astacina (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Laomediidae)." Crustacean Research 34 (2005): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.34.0_87.

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36

de Campos, Alma, Ernesto Campos, and Iván Manriquez. "Intertidal thalassinidean shrimps (Thalassinidea, Callianassidae and Upogebiidae) of the west coast of Baja California, Mexico: annotated checklist, key for identification, and symbionts." Crustaceana 82, no. 10 (2009): 1249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/001121609x12481627024454.

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37

de Oliveira, Danielly Brito, Dalila Costa Silva, and Jussara Moretto Martinelli. "Density of larval and adult forms of the burrowing crustaceansLepidophthalmus siriboia(Callianassidae) andUpogebia vasquezi(Upogebiidae) in an Amazon estuary, northern Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 2 (July 22, 2011): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541100097x.

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Although thalassinidean shrimps exert considerable influence over the structure of benthic communities no ecological studies have been conducted on the larvae and adults ofLepidophthalmus siriboiaandUpogebia vasqueziin the equatorial region. The aim of the present study was to identify the reproductive period of these species in an Amazonian estuary. Monthly collections were performed in the estuary of the Marapanim River (northern coast of Brazil) over the course of one year (August 2006 to July 2007) and adults were obtained from bare sandy substrate and between boulders in the intertidal zone of the estuary at four sites. Thalassinidean larvae were also sorted from plankton samples (200 μm mesh) collected monthly at six sites. Larvae of the speciesCallichirus major, Lepidophthalmus siriboiaandUpogebia vasqueziwere collected, whereas adults of only the latter two species were found.Upogebia vasqueziwas the most abundant species. There was no correlation between larval density and abiotic factors (water temperature, salinity and pH); however, the density ofU. vasqueziadults was negatively correlated with salinity in the burrows.Lepidophthalmus siriboiaandU. vasquezireproduce throughout the year in the Marapanim River estuary, with peaks of greater intensity in some reproductive periods of the year, mainly correlated with changes in salinity.
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38

Nates, Sergio F., and Darryl L. Felder. "Impacts of Burrowing Ghost Shrimp, Genus Lepidophthalmus Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea, on Penaeid Shrimp Culture." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 29, no. 2 (June 1998): 188–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1998.tb00978.x.

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39

Sumida, Paulo Yukio G., Arthur Z. Güth, Cintia Organo Quintana, and Ana M. S. Pires-Vanin. "Distribution and Sediment Selection by the Mud Shrimp Upogebia noronhensis (Crustacea: Thalassinidea) and the Potential Effects on the Associated Macroinfaunal Community." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8121032.

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Burrowers such as thalassinideans remobilize sediment in benthic ecosystems, altering granulometry, enhancing organic matter cycling and oxygenation. We characterized the distribution of the mud shrimp Upogebia noronhensis and the associated macroinfauna along a depth and granulometric gradient in a shallow subtidal area in the southern Brazilian coast. Mud shrimp densities were estimated by burrow opening count using 0.25 m2 quadrats in three sediment zones: sand, sand-mud transition and mud. Macroinfaunal community descriptors and sediment granulometric characteristics were assessed. U. noronhensis average density varied from 0.6 to 145 individuals m−2 and was highest in the transition zone and lowest in the sand zone. Macrofauna in the sand zone was at least three times more abundant and 1.2 times richer, averaging 436.3 organisms and 39 species, while the transition and mud zones were more even in species distribution (species evenness > 0.7). The shrimp presence seems to be linked to a coarse sand content <80% and clay and silt <40% in the sediment, a compromise between gallery construction ability and filter-feeding suitability. High densities and aggregated distribution of mud shrimp, combined with alteration of sediment grain composition and organic matter, are likely to affect macroinfaunal abundance nearby the burrows.
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Koller, Helmut, Peter C. Dworschak, and Daniel Abed-Navandi. "Burrows of Pestarella tyrrhena (Decapoda: Thalassinidea): hot spots for Nematoda, Foraminifera and bacterial densities." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, no. 5 (August 25, 2006): 1113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406014093.

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Burrow wall sediment (BWS) and chamber debris (CD) of Pestarella tyrrhena burrows were isolated and compared to surrounding sediments differentiated into surface sediment (SS), deep ambient sediment (DAS) and embedded ambient organic debris (EAD). The focus was on the meiofauna community along with granulometric characteristics including organic content (OC) and bacterial abundances.Clear trends were found for all parameters: the shrimp significantly increased OC within its burrow and affected grain size distributions. The oxidized burrow walls were highly consolidated, consisted of poorly sorted sediment enriched with silt and clay, and contained small particles of macrophyte debris, while coarse inorganic and organic particles >500 μm were concentrated in the CD. Bacterial abundances (epifluorescence microscopy direct counts, SYBR Gold staining) were positively correlated with OC and were significantly higher in BWS than in SS or DAS. Nematode numbers were elevated three-fold and foraminiferal densities by two orders of magnitude in BWS versus non-burrow sediments. Among the anoxic sediments (DAS, EAD, CD) meiofauna densities in CD were highest. Nematode community analysis (PCA, CANOCO) revealed considerable differences between BWS and SS. The BWS harboured more taxa and was dominated by deposit feeders, while in SS epistrate feeders prevailed.These effects on different levels demonstrate the ability of P. tyrrhena to create a specific microenvironment within the burrow. The burrow walls were most influenced by the shrimp's activity, which corresponds to their nutritional role.
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Garassino, Alessandro, Antonio De Angeli, and Giovanni Pasini. "A new species of ghost shrimp (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassidae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Agadir (W Morocco)." Natural History Sciences 152, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2011.45.

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We report <em>Neocallichirus</em> <em>agadirensis</em> n. sp. (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassidae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Agadir (W Morocco). This species has been described based upon four specimens that preserve ischium, merus, carpus, propodus, and dactylus of the great cheliped. The new species represents the first report of <em>Neocallichirus</em> in Africa and the oldest species known to date belonging to this genus.
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42

Pinn, Eunice H., R. James A. Atkinson, and Andrew Rogerson. "Sexual dimorphism and intersexuality in Upogebia stellata (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 6 (December 2001): 1061–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401005070.

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Evidence of sexual dimorphism in the mud-shrimp Upogebia stellata was observed in the abdomen length, total length, and also in the chelae. For the same carapace length, males had a shorter abdomen and, therefore, total length, whilst their chelae were larger and more robust than the females. Of the 91 U. stellata individuals examined, a single specimen was found to be of an intersex type, i.e. it exhibited both male and female external characteristics. Sexual dimorphism and intersexuality are discussed.
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43

Abed-Navandi, D., and PC Dworschak. "Food sources of tropical thalassinidean shrimps: a stable-isotope study." Marine Ecology Progress Series 291 (2005): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps291159.

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44

Coelho, Vânia Rodrigues, and Sérgio de Almeida Rodrigues. "Trophic behaviour and functional morphology of the feeding appendages of the laomediid shrimp Axianassa australis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 3 (June 2001): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401004076.

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The trophic behaviour, stomach contents, and morphology of the feeding appendages, with emphasis on setae, of a species of Laomediidae, Axianassa australis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea), were investigated. This species is a deposit feeder. The 32 described setal types were clustered in four main categories: plumed, serrate, plumodenticulate and simple. By examining the setae and spatial position of the segments of the appendages, it is possible to infer that the main function of the 1st and 2nd pereiopods, the 3rd pair of maxillipeds, as well as the dactylus, propodus, carpus and merus of the 2nd maxilliped, is to brush particles. The ischium, basis and coxa of the 2nd maxilliped appear to be specialized for particle retention. For the remaining mouthparts, brushing is generally the main function of the basal endites, while the coxal endites retain particles. Patterns of morphological adaptations to feeding habits are proposed for the Thalassinidea based on a review of the literature. Setal diversity, ratio of plumodenticulate to serrate setal types and mandible morphology are linked to ecological adaptations to trophic modes. Conversely, the presence and degree of development of the crista dentata appear to be related to phylogenetic heritage rather than to feeding mechanisms. Stomach contents are also indicative of trophic modes used by the species; while the predominance of small particles can indicate either filter or deposit feeding, stomach contents with high quantities of large particles suggest deposit feeding as the exclusive trophic mechanism.
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45

Kinoshita, Kyoko. "BURROW STRUCTURE OF THE MUD SHRIMP UPOGEBIA MAJOR (DECAPODA: THALASSINIDEA: UPOGEBIIDAE)." Journal of Crustacean Biology 22, no. 2 (May 2002): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/0278-0372(2002)022[0474:bsotms]2.0.co;2.

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46

Kinoshita, Kyoko. "Burrow Structure of the Mud Shrimp Upogebia Major (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae)." Journal of Crustacean Biology 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990255.

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47

Humphreys, Bernard, and Peter S. Balson. "Psilonichnus (Fürsich) in late Pliocene subtidal marine sands of eastern England." Journal of Paleontology 62, no. 2 (March 1988): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000029814.

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Large trace fossils attributed to the ichnogenus Psilonichnus (Fürsich) have been identified in subtidal sediments of the Red Crag Formation (late Pliocene) of Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex, U.K. The traces are vertical or inclined, tapering cylindrical structures, occasionally branched, up to 2.3 m long. The structures are mud-rich relative to the surrounding sediment and their fills often show a spiralling grain fabric. The ichnogenus Psilonichnus has formerly been attributed to the burrowing activities of intertidal and supratidal crab species. The known fossil crab assemblage of the Red Crag contains no deep burrowing species. The traces are thus attributed to other crustaceans, possibly thalassinidean shrimps. The occurrence indicates that Psilonichnus may have a greater palaeoenvironmental range than previously realized.
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48

Astall, C. M., A. C. Taylor, and R. J. A. Atkinson. "Notes on Some Branchial Isopods Parasitic on Upogebiid Mud-Shrimps (Decapoda: Thalassinidea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 76, no. 3 (August 1996): 821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400031489.

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Bopyrids are highly modified epicaridean isopod ectoparasites with the adult females showing extreme specialization of body form when compared with free-living isopods (Shiino, 1965). The smaller males are similar to free-living isopods, retaining the basic cryptoniscus larval form (Naylor, 1972), and are typically found in the brood chamber of the female or attached to the ventral surface of the female's pleon (Salazar-Vallejo & Leija-Tristán, 1989).Whilst examining the branchial morphology of the upogebiids, Upogebia stellata (Montagu), Upogebia deltaura (Leach) and Upogebia pusilla (Petagna) as part of a wider study of the physiological ecology of thalassinidean mud-shrimps, some shrimps were observed to have a branchial gall (distended branchiostegite) containing a bopyrid parasite. In this short note we add to the previous records of two bopyrid species and briefly discuss the host/parasite relationship.Parasitized material examined: U. stellata (three males, two females) collected subtidally using an anchor dredge from White Bay, Isle of Cumbrae, Scotland (55°48'N 4°55'W) at depths of 25–30 m. A single male specimen of U. deltaura was caught using a box corer from the Irish Sea (54°7'N 3°27'W). Upogebia pusilla (one male, one female) were collected intertidally from the Arcachon Basin, France (44°40'N l°10'W) by Professor J.P. Truchot. Prior to examination, the mud-shrimps were preserved in 10% buffered formalin, the parasites removed, rinsed with distilled water and transferred to 70% ethanol. Some preserved material was also available from the Robertson Collection housed at the University Marine Biological Station Millport.Parasitized mud-shrimps had an enlarged branchial chamber, or branchial gall, a result of branchiostegite deformation caused by the presence of the parasite. When the parasite was removed from the branchial chamber, the gills appeared splayed and flattened but showed no other signs of disturbance or damage.
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De Vaugelas, Jean. "A New Technique for Collecting Large-Sized. Callianassid Mud-Shrimp (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)." Crustaceana 49, no. 1-3 (1985): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854085x00314.

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50

Stamhuis, E. J., T. Reede-Dekker, Y. van Etten, J. J. de Wiljes, and J. J. Videler. "Behaviour and time allocation of the burrowing shrimp Callianassa subterranea (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 204, no. 1-2 (October 1996): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(96)02587-7.

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