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Volpiani, Pedro S., Thomas Schmitt, and Denis Veynante. "Large eddy simulation of a turbulent swirling premixed flame coupling the TFLES model with a dynamic wrinkling formulation." Combustion and Flame 180 (June 2017): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.02.028.
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Yim, Joon-Hyuk, Kwang Woo Park, Byung-Keun Oh, and Jong Sung Lim. "CO2 Solubility in 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethanesulfonate Anion-Based Ionic Liquids: [EMIM][TFES], [BMIM][TFES], and [BNMIM][TFES]." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 65, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 617–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.9b00833.
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Min, Jun-Hong, Shin-Hyuk Kang, Jang-Bo Lee, Tai-Hyoung Cho, and Jung-Guen Suh. "Anatomic Analysis of the Transforaminal Ligament in the Lumbar Intervertebral Foramen." Operative Neurosurgery 57, suppl_1 (July 1, 2005): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000163481.58673.1a.
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Abstract OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the transforaminal ligaments (TFLs) in relation to the area of the lumbar intervertebral foramen (IVF) by analyzing cadaveric spines. METHODS: One hundred ninety-eight cadaveric lumbar IVFs were studied, and the existence and type of TFLs were identified. All IVFs were photographed, and the images were saved. The areas of the IVFs and TFLs were measured with the Scion Image for Windows image analysis program. RESULTS: TFLs were found in 82.8% of the IVFs. The oblique inferior transforaminal ligament was the most common. The mean area of the IVFs was 155.8 ± 51.1 mm2, and the mean area occupied by the TFLs was 46.3 ± 37.6 mm2. The mean percentage of the IVF area occupied by the TFLs was 28.5 ± 18.8%. CONCLUSION: TFLs are common structures in the IVF and may reduce the space available for the spinal nerve root within the IVF. In this circumstance, any compromise of the IVF may impinge on the nerve root.
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Boulouis, Gregoire, Andreas Charidimou, Michael J. Jessel, Li Xiong, Duangnapa Roongpiboonsopit, Panagiotis Fotiadis, Marco Pasi, et al. "Small vessel disease burden in cerebral amyloid angiopathy without symptomatic hemorrhage." Neurology 88, no. 9 (January 27, 2017): 878–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003655.
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Objective:Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common age-related small vessel disease (SVD). Patients without intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) typically present with transient focal neurologic episodes (TFNEs) or cognitive symptoms. We sought to determine if SVD lesion burden differed between patients with CAA first presenting with TFNEs vs cognitive symptoms.Methods:A total of 647 patients presenting either to a stroke department (n = 205) or an outpatient memory clinic (n = 442) were screened for eligibility. Patients meeting modified Boston criteria for probable CAA were included and markers of SVD were quantified, including cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), perivascular spaces, cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Patients were classified according to presentation symptoms (TFNEs vs cognitive). Total CAA-SVD burden was assessed using a validated summary score. Individual neuroimaging markers and total SVD burden were compared between groups using univariable and multivariable models.Results:There were 261 patients with probable CAA included. After adjustment for confounders, patients first seen for TFNEs (n = 97) demonstrated a higher prevalence of cSS (p < 0.0001), higher WMH volumes (p = 0.03), and a trend toward higher CMB counts (p = 0.09). The total SVD summary score was higher in patients seen for TFNEs (adjusted odds ratio per additional score point 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.84, p = 0.013).Conclusions:Patients with probable CAA without ICH first evaluated for TFNEs bear a higher burden of structural MRI SVD-related damage compared to those first seen for cognitive symptoms. This study sheds light on neuroimaging profile differences across clinical phenotypes of patients with CAA without ICH.
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Cao, Junying, Zhongqing Wang, and Ziqiang Wang. "Stability and convergence analysis for a uniform temporal high accuracy of the time-fractional diffusion equation with 1D and 2D spatial compact finite difference method." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 6 (2024): 14697–730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2024715.
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<abstract><p>The 1D and 2D spatial compact finite difference schemes (CFDSs) for time-fractional diffusion equations (TFDEs) were presented in this article with uniform temporal convergence order. Based on the idea of the modified block-by-block method, the CFDSs with uniform temporal convergence order for TFDEs were given by combining the fourth-order CFDSs in space and the high order scheme in time. The stability analysis and convergence order of CFDSs with uniform convergence order in time for TFDEs strictly proved that the provided uniform accuracy time scheme is $ (3-\alpha) $ temporal order and spatial fourth-order, respectively. Ultimately, the astringency of 1D and 2D spatial CFDSs was verified by some numerical examples.</p></abstract>
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Guerra-Guzman, Karina E., Dominique R. Ghirardi, and Anthony LoGalbo. "59 Effects of Cognitive Impairment, Geriatric Depression, and Anxiety on the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS) in a Memory Disorder Clinic." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 569–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723007300.
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Objective:The Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS) is a measure of adaptive functioning commonly utilized across the geriatric population. Current research suggests that those with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias perform poorly on the TFLS, compared to those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal cognition (Cullum et al., 2001). Additional research is needed to examine the influence anxiety and depressive symptoms have on activities of daily living (ADLS) in individuals being evaluated for memory disorders. This study will examine the effects of anxiety and depression on adaptive functioning across all patients, and within samples of those with dementia and MCI. It is hypothesized that higher reported anxiety and depressive symptoms will predict lower scores of ADLS.Participants and Methods:Patients at a memory disorder clinic (N = 756; 58.2% female) were screened for cognitive impairment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A brief neuropsychological evaluation (BNE) was then conducted in which the TFLS, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) were administered, among other measures.Results:A stepwise hierarchical regression was conducted on the entire sample to examine the effects of anxiety and depressive symptoms on TFLS performance, controlling for cognitive impairment using the MoCA. Lower MoCA scores explained a significant amount of variance in TFLS performance (R2 = 0.456, F(1, 754) = 632.78, p < .001). MoCA scores (b = 1.27, p < .001), the GAI (b = 0.14, p = .019), and the GDS (b = 0.10, p = 0.039) were significant predictors of poor TFLS performance across the entire sample. Although the MoCA, GDS, and GAI were each significant predictors of the TFLS, the increased variance explained by the GDS and GAI individually was incremental (AR2 = 0.003, F(1, 752) = 3.90, p = .049). Stepwise hierarchical regressions were also conducted on subsamples diagnosed with MCI (N = 171) and dementia (N = 394). For those with MCI, MoCA scores explained a significant amount of variance in TFLS performance (R2 = 0.044, F(1, 169) = 7.80, p = .006). Neither the GAI nor GDS explained significant additional variance. Only MoCA scores (b = .30, p =.006) predicted TFLS performance. For those with dementia, MoCA scores explained significant variance in TFLS scores (R2 = 0.338, F(1, 392) = 200.47, p < .001). The GAI explained additional significant variance when added (AR2 = 0.009, F(1, 391) = 5.26, p = .022). The GDS did not explain any additional variance. Both the MoCA (b = 1.29, p < .001) and the GAI (b = -0.15, p = .002) significantly predicted TFLS performance.Conclusions:While results suggest that anxiety and depressive symptoms alone do not explain a significant degree of variance within scores of adaptive functioning across the entire sample, elevated ratings of anxiety and depressive symptoms were significant predictors of lower scores of ADLS, suggesting some support for our hypothesis. Additionally, anxiety symptoms significantly explained increased variance in TFLS scores for those diagnosed with dementia, suggesting a potential relationship between anxiety levels and poor adaptive functioning for dementia patients.
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Agan, Brian, Bryan Smith, Hsing-Chuan Hsieh, Seunghyun Won, Anuradha Ganesan, Ryan Maves, Gregory Utz, Edmund Tramont, Avindra Nath, and Joseph snow. "367. Use of a Brief Task-Based Measure to Assess the Functional Consequences of Cognitive Impairment in HIV." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S192—S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.440.
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Abstract Background In spite of viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART), neurocognitive impairment (NCI) affects ~20% of those infected with HIV; most are asymptomatic or only mildly impaired based on instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) self-reported questionnaires. Previous studies have shown a strong association between depression, common among HIV+, and self-reported IADL impairment, potentially confounding evaluation of the functional impact of NCI. We studied a brief (15–20 minutes) task-based measure of function, the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), in the context of HIV, NCI, and depression. Methods Baseline data were analyzed from parallel, longitudinal cohort studies of neurocognitive function among HIV+ and demographically matched HIV-subjects enrolled at NIH and DoD sites. Subjects recruited at NIH were on ART with viral suppression (VS) ≥1 year and nearly all in the DoD also had long-term VS. All participants underwent a standardized, comprehensive neurocognitive battery (7 domains), as well as the TFLS. Global deficit score (GDS) ≥0.5 defined neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and TFLS impairment was defined as T-score >1 standard deviation below mean (i.e., < 40). Results 420 subjects were evaluated with demographics in Table 1. Eighty-five subjects (20%) had NCI by GDS and 57 (13%) subjects had TFLS impairment. 17% had a Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI) score ≥13 indicating significant depressive symptoms. In univariate analysis of Table 1 variables, only HIV status was not significantly different between those with or without TFLS impairment, however after adjustment using multivariable logistic regression, only education level, race, and NCI were associated with TFLS impairment; depressive symptoms (BDI ≥13) were not associated with functional impairment measured by TFLS. Conclusion In parallel DoD and NIH cohorts of well-treated HIV+ and matched HIV- subjects, task-based functional impairment measured by TFLS was strongly associated with NCI, but not with depressive symptoms, suggesting the potential utility of this measure to better understand the functional consequences of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders. While the association of TFLS with education was expected, that with race was not and requires further study. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Bijalwan, Rashmi, Monika Purohit, and S. P. Joshi. "Timberline Forest Extensions (TFES): An Additional Microhabitat for Medicinal Plants." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2012-b6ygur.
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The present paper reports fifteen medicinal plant species belonging to twelve families from the Timberline Forest Extensions (TFEs) in Dayyara meadow which is located in district Uttarkashi of Garhwal Himalaya at an elevation ranging between 3308 m and 4200 m. Timberline Forest Extensions (TFEs) are dense small patches of typical timberline woody species which serve as refuge habitat for commercially exploited and vulnerable medicinal plants. The deformed architecture of the woody species in these TFEs further supports the growth of herbs by sheltering them from various biotic and natural stresses.
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Cao, Junying, Qing Tan, Zhongqing Wang, and Ziqiang Wang. "An efficient high order numerical scheme for the time-fractional diffusion equation with uniform accuracy." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 7 (2023): 16031–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023818.
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<abstract><p>The construction of efficient numerical schemes with uniform convergence order for time-fractional diffusion equations (TFDEs) is an important research problem. We are committed to study an efficient uniform accuracy scheme for TFDEs. Firstly, we use the piecewise quadratic interpolation to construct an efficient uniform accuracy scheme for the fractional derivative of time. And the local truncation error of the efficient scheme is also given. Secondly, the full discrete numerical scheme for TFDEs is given by combing the spatial center second order scheme and the above efficient time scheme. Thirdly, the efficient scheme's stability and error estimates are strictly theoretical analysis to obtain that the unconditionally stable scheme is $ 3-\beta $ convergence order with uniform accuracy in time. Finally, some numerical examples are applied to show that the proposed scheme is an efficient unconditionally stable scheme.</p></abstract>
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Lowe, Deborah A., Christopher M. Nguyen, Christopher T. Copeland, and John F. Linck. "Factor Analysis of the Texas Functional Living Scale in an Outpatient Clinical Sample." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 1 (February 23, 2019): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz005.
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Abstract Objective Prior factor analysis of the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), a performance-based measure of functional abilities, in a military veteran sample supported four factors discrepant from the published subscales. This study analyzed TFLS factor structure in a non-veteran clinical sample. Method Two hundred seventy adult outpatients completed the TFLS during neuropsychological evaluation. Principal axis factor analysis with oblique promax rotation was conducted with age and education effects partialed out. Results Parallel analysis indicated five factors for extraction that accounted for a combined 48% of the variance. The first factor independently explained 26% of the total variance. Inspection of factor loadings suggested the following factor interpretations: complex calculations/time, complex visual search, praxis, memory, and basic calculations/math concepts. Five items did not significantly load onto any of the factors. Conclusions Current results did not entirely correspond to the published subscales or prior results in a veteran sample. Further clarification of the TFLS factor structure is warranted.
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Saine, Kathleen, C. Munro Cullum, Kristin Martin-Cook, Linda Hynan, Doris A. Svetlik, and Myron F. Weiner. "Comparison of Functional and Cognitive Donepezil Effects in Alzheimer's Disease." International Psychogeriatrics 14, no. 2 (June 2002): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610202008372.
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Donepezil has been shown to improve aspects of cognitive functioning in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its impact on instrumental activities of daily living has received little attention. In a within-subject design, 24 community-dwelling persons with AD were treated with open-label donepezil over a 12-month period. To assess functional abilities, a brief, objective measure of instrumental activities of daily living skills was used (Texas Functional Living Scale; TFLS). Global cognitive abilities were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Changes in TFLS and MMSE scores were much the same. Improvements on the TFLS and MMSE were seen over a 3-month period. At 12 months, both TFLS and MMSE scores declined slightly below baseline. These results support an effect of donepezil on cognitive measures and day-to-day function and also suggest that the MMSE reflects well the actual functional ability of persons with moderate AD.
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Abuasad, Salah, Ishak Hashim, and Samsul Ariffin Abdul Karim. "Modified Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method for the Solution of Multiterm Time-Fractional Diffusion Equations." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5703916.
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In this study, we introduce a new modification of fractional reduced differential transform method (m-FRDTM) to find exact and approximate solutions for nonhomogeneous linear multiterm time-fractional diffusion equations (MT-TFDEs) of constant coefficients in a bounded domain with suitable initial conditions. Different applications in two and three fractional order terms are given to illustrate our new modification. The approximate solutions are given in the form of series solutions. The results show that the m-FRDTM for MT-TFDEs is a powerful method and can be generalized to other types of multiterm time-fractional equations.
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Liu, Donglin, Shihan Gao, Taotao Zheng, and Chudong Xu. "Transient ferromagnetic-like state in thermally induced magnetization switching: Analysis of the Langevin field and the exchange field." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 17 (November 7, 2022): 173902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0105058.
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An attractive avenue for a memory device is offered by thermally induced magnetization switching (TIMS), which is expected to increase the storage density. As an essential step in TIMS, the transient ferromagnetic-like state (TFLS) has attracted much attention. Here, our research analyzes the TFLS from the perspective of magnetization rate based on extensive atomic spin simulations in a parameter space necessary for the formation of TIMS. The results demonstrate that the evolution of the magnetization rate for both Fe and Gd sublattices has two peaks at different timescales, and the two peaks are driven by the Langevin field and the exchange field, respectively. By modulating the pulse fluence, the initial temperature, the pulse duration, the electron–phonon coupling factor, and the damping constant, we find that the first peak of the magnetization rate depends not only on the electron thermal bath and temperature of the phonon but also on the energy transfer rate between the electronic system and the spin system. Moreover, we elucidate the role played by the Langevin field and the exchange field in TFLS formation when modulating the pulse fluence, initial temperature, and pulse duration. The simulation results show that the enhancement of the Langevin field prolongs the duration of TFLS. The enhancement of the exchange field at a long pulse duration before the electron system cools down leads to the shortening of the TFLS duration. However, the time required for Gd demagnetization after the electron system cools down to the Curie temperature changes only slightly when modulating these simulated parameters.
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Ireland, Carol A. "The Functional TFLS Living Scale, UK Edition20121Pearson Clinical Assessment. The Functional TFLS Living Scale, UK Edition. www.pearsonclinical.co.uk." British Journal of Forensic Practice 14, no. 4 (November 16, 2012): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14636641211284056.
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Hu, Xiaohuan, Shicheng Jiao, Mu Niu, and Jie Yang. "Effects of Flavonoid and Saponins on Protecting HaCaT Cells and Ameliorating Ultraviolet Radiation B/Ultraviolet Radiation A-Induced Skin Photoaging." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 19, no. 11 (November 1, 2023): 1996–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2023.3709.
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The skin serves as a natural barrier in the human body, protecting against pathogenic microorganisms and ultraviolet radiation (UV). Skin photoaging is a physiological stress reaction characterized by skin relaxation, dryness, abnormal pigmentation, and increased wrinkles due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The search and development of natural products that can effectively prevent skin photoaging have gained significant attention. We established the photoaging model by subjecting HaCaT cells and ICR mice to UVB+UBA irradiation. We employed CCK8 to assess the impact of Totol Flavonoid of Lichi Seed (TFLS) and Lychee Seed Saponins (LSS) on cell viability. We evaluated the effects of TFLS and LSS on apoptosis using flow cytometry. We utilized SIRT-IN-1 inhibitor to suppress the activity of SIRT1 and examined the mechanism by which TFLS and LSS alleviate UV-induced photoaging damage in cells and mice. We assessed skin inflammation in photoaging ICR mice through HE staining. We evaluated changes in collagen fibers and glia in the skin of photoaging ICR mice using Masson staining. We employed TUNEL staining to evaluate the apoptosis of skin cells in photoaging ICR mice. We extracted nucleic acid using nano-magnetic beads and detected the expression of SIRT1, TGF-β1, and Smad3 in HaCaT cells and mouse skin tissues using qPCR and WB. The study results demonstrate the protective effect of TFLS and LSS against UV-induced photoaging in HaCaT cells and ICR mouse skin, mitigating the damage caused by UV exposure. The mechanism underlying the attenuation of UV-induced photoaging by TFLS and LSS may involve activation of the SIRT1-TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Marceaux, Janice C., Julianna P. Valencia, Kirstine R. Carter, Cammy Chicota-Carroll, and Ashley M. Peak. "A-225 The Pillbox Test: Does It Have Sufficient Construct Validity as a Measure of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living?" Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 37, no. 6 (August 17, 2022): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acac060.225.
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Abstract Objective: The Pillbox Test has demonstrated adequate criterion validity and the ability to discriminate between patients with and without dementia. The purpose of this study is to establish the construct validity of the Pillbox Test as a measure of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) abilities. Method: A clinic-referred sample of veterans who passed performance validity tests and completed the Pillbox Test, Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), and Geriatric Depression Scale, Short Form (GDS-SF) were selected for inclusion. This resulted in a sample of 62 veterans (93.5% male; 51.6% White, 32.3% Hispanic/Latinx, 16.1% Black; 71% Monolingual [English], 29% Bilingual [English/Spanish]). Spearman correlation and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted due to non-normal distributions. Results: There was a moderate negative association between errors on the Pillbox Test and overall performance of functional living skills assessed by TFLS, r(60)=-.598, p<.001. There was not a significant relationship between Pillbox Test errors and self-reported mood symptoms on GDS-SF, r(60)=-.109, p=.401. Similarly, non-parametric analyses revealed a significant difference in performance on TFLS between those who passed the Pillbox Test relative to those who failed (p<.001) and no difference on GDS-SF report between the Pillbox Test pass/fail groups (p=.394). Conclusions: The Pillbox Test demonstrated adequate construct validity among a diverse older-adult sample. Specifically, the observed moderate correlation with TFLS supports convergent validity and the weak correlation with GDS-SF supports divergent validity. Compared to those who passed, those who failed the Pillbox Test had lower TFLS scores but similar GSD-SF scores. Findings support the Pillbox test as a measure of IADL performance.
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BESIO, WALTER G., XIANG LIU, LILING WANG, ANDREI V. MEDVEDEV, and KANTHAIAH KOKA. "TRANSCUTANEOUS FOCAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION VIA CONCENTRIC RING ELECTRODES REDUCES SYNCHRONY INDUCED BY PENTYLENETETRAZOLE IN BETA AND GAMMA BANDS IN RATS." International Journal of Neural Systems 21, no. 02 (April 2011): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065711002729.
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Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects approximately one percent of the world population. Anti-epileptic drugs are ineffective in 25~30% of cases. Electrical stimulation to control seizures may be an additive therapy. We applied noninvasive transcutaneous focal electrical stimulation (TFES) via concentric ring electrodes on the scalp of rats after inducing seizures with pentylenetetrazole. We found a significant increase in synchrony within the beta-gamma bands during seizures and that TFES significantly reduced the synchrony of the beta-gamma activity and increased synchrony in the delta band.
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Theodorou, Aikaterini, Lina Palaiodimou, Georgia Papagiannopoulou, Odysseas Kargiotis, Klearchos Psychogios, Apostolos Safouris, Eleni Bakola, et al. "Clinical Characteristics, Neuroimaging Markers, and Outcomes in Patients with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Prospective Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 17 (August 27, 2023): 5591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12175591.
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Background and purpose: Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a small vessel disease, resulting from progressive amyloid-β deposition in the media/adventitia of cortical and leptomeningeal arterioles. We sought to assess the prevalence of baseline characteristics, clinical and radiological findings, as well as outcomes among patients with CAA, in the largest study to date conducted in Greece. Methods: Sixty-eight patients fulfilling the Boston Criteria v1.5 for probable/possible CAA were enrolled and followed for at least twelve months. Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used to assess specific neuroimaging markers. Data regarding cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profile and Apolipoprotein-E genotype were collected. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of clinical phenotypes. Cox-proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate associations with the risk of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Results: Focal neurological deficits (75%), cognitive decline (57%), and transient focal neurological episodes (TFNEs; 21%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Hemorrhagic lesions, including lobar cerebral microbleeds (CMBs; 93%), cortical superficial siderosis (cSS; 48%), and lobar ICH (43%) were the most prevalent neuroimaging findings. cSS was independently associated with the likelihood of TFNEs at presentation (OR: 4.504, 95%CI:1.258–19.088), while multiple (>10) lobar CMBs were independently associated with cognitive decline at presentation (OR:5.418, 95%CI:1.316–28.497). cSS emerged as the only risk factor of recurrent ICH (HR:4.238, 95%CI:1.509–11.900) during a median follow-up of 20 months. Conclusions: cSS was independently associated with TFNEs at presentation and ICH recurrence at follow-up, while a higher burden of lobar CMBs with cognitive decline at baseline. These findings highlight the prognostic value of neuroimaging markers, which may influence clinical decision-making.
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Jeon, Yongmin, Hyeongjun Lee, Hyeunwoo Kim, and Jeong-Hyun Kwon. "A Review of Various Attempts on Multi-Functional Encapsulation Technologies for the Reliability of OLEDs." Micromachines 13, no. 9 (September 6, 2022): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091478.
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As the demand for flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) grows beyond that for rigid OLEDs, various elements of OLEDs, such as thin-film transistors, electrodes, thin-film encapsulations (TFEs), and touch screen panels, have been developed to overcome OLEDs’ physical and chemical limitations through material and structural design. In particular, TFEs, which protect OLEDs from the external environment, including reactive gases, heat, sunlight, dust, and particles, have technical difficulties to be solved. This review covers various encapsulation technologies that have been developed with the advent of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology for highly reliable OLEDs, in which solutions to existing technical difficulties in flexible encapsulations are proposed. However, as the conventional encapsulation technologies did not show technological differentiation because researchers have focused only on improving their barrier performance by increasing their thickness and the number of pairs, OLEDs are inevitably vulnerable to environmental degradation induced by ultraviolet (UV) light, heat, and barrier film corrosion. Therefore, research on multi-functional encapsulation technology customized for display applications has been conducted. Many research groups have created functional TFEs by applying nanolaminates, optical Bragg mirrors, and interfacial engineering between layers. As transparent, wearable, and stretchable OLEDs will be actively commercialized beyond flexible OLEDs in the future, customized encapsulation considering the characteristics of the display will be a key technology that guarantees the reliability of the display and accelerates the realization of advanced displays.
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Loveday, Tristan, Gerben Duns, Lisa M. Rimsza, Karen Rech, James R. Cook, Ryan S. Robetorye, Allison C. Rosenthal, et al. "Transformation of Follicular Lymphoma into Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma-like Large B-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 4479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-144892.
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Abstract Objectives: We identified a case of follicular lymphoma (FL) that transformed into a morphologic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which by gene expression profiling showed a primary mediastinal (PMBL)-like gene expression profile (GEP) (Lymph3Cx; Blood 2018;132:2401-5). A search identified 4 additional transformed FL (tFL) cases with a PMBL-like GEP, which we further studied to determine how similar these tFLs were to classic cases of PMBL. Methods: The morphology and previously reported immunophenotype were reviewed, and CD30, CD23, MAL, CD273/PDL2, and CD200 immunohistochemical stains (IHC) were performed. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and copy number analysis (CNA) to evaluate genes typically altered in FL and PMBL were performed. Results: None of the tFLs arose in the mediastinum or had a previous history of mediastinal disease. All cases showed typical centroblastic DLBCL cytology, with fine sclerosis typical of PMBL. 3/3 were GCB by the Hans IHC algorithm, 1/3 were MYC+, 3/3 BCL2+, 1/5 CD30+, 3/5 CD23+, 4/5 MAL+, 0/5 CD273/PDL2+, 1/5 CD200+, and 0/2 EBER+. Rearrangements of MYC, BCL2, or BCL6 were identified by FISH in 0/3, 1/3, and 2/3 cases, respectively. WES demonstrated sequence variants in genes associated with both FL (CREBBP [60%], KMT2D [40%], and TNFRSF14 [40%]) and PMBL (JAK-STAT pathway genes [80%], B2M [20%], and CD58 [20%]). 2 of the mutations identified in the tFLs have previously been shown to result in JAK-STAT activation (STAT6 p.E372K [PNAS 2016;113:13015-20] and SOCS1 p.F101L [Oncogene 2002;21:4351-62] identified in 1/5 cases each). CNA showed gains/amplification of REL in 3/5 cases, gains/amplification of STAT6 in 2/5, gains of large sections of chromosome 16, including IL4R, in 2/5, and both deletions and gains of 11q in 1/5. See Figure demonstrating the 5 cases on the Y-axis and the chromosomes on the X-axis. Conclusions: The tFLs in this small series seem to represent PMBL-like DLBCLs, rather than classic PMBLs, and have a blended pattern of immunophenotypic and genomic features between FL/DLBCL and PMBL. Although the cases express some PMBL-associated markers (CD23 and MAL), there is less frequent staining for others (CD30, CD273/PDL2, and CD200). The cases harbor both FL-associated and PMBL-associated sequence variants, including 40% with mutations known to activate the JAK-STAT pathway. This frequency of mutations in JAK-STAT pathway genes is higher than that seen in typical FL/DLBCL, but perhaps lower than in classic PMBL (Blood 2019;134:802-13). PMBL also frequently has gains/amplifications of 9p24.1, which was not seen in our cohort. However, gains/amplification of REL/2p, which is seen in approximately 50% of PMBL, was identified in 60% of the tFLs. The 11q aberration identified in 1 case would be unusual for PMBL, and is instead more commonly associated with a subset of aggressive lymphomas with Burkitt-like features (Haematologica 2019;104:1822-9). Recently, lymphomas with similar blended features between DLBCL and PMBL, which were not arising in the setting of tFL, have been reported (Duns G, et al. Blood 2021). Our study extends the types of biological transformations, in addition to more classic DLBCL, that can be seen in FL. These tFLs with blended PMBL-DLBCL biology may have implications for therapeutic decision making including targeted therapies used in PMBL. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Rimsza: NanoString Technologies: Other: Fee-for-service contract. Steidl: Curis Inc.: Consultancy; Trillium Therapeutics: Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy; Epizyme: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; AbbVie: Consultancy; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding.
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Williams, Lashae N., and Sarah West. "16 Set-Shifting as a Predictor of Adaptive Functioning in Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723002205.
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Objective:Cognitive flexibility, typically measured using neuropsychological tasks of set-shifting, has been associated with mental and physical health, social relationships, resilience, and overall quality of life (Diamond, 2013; Chen et al., 2014; Davis et al., 2010; de Abreu et al., 2014; Genet et al., 2011). Previous research has found conflicting results regarding the relationship between set-shifting and various measures of functional outcomes in individuals with traumatic brain injury (Allanson et al., 2017). The present study examined the relationship between cognitive flexibility and adaptive functioning in individuals with acquired brain injuries (ABI).Participants and Methods:Participants in this research are adults (n = 116) with severe, chronic ABI who completed a neuropsychological evaluation through Bancroft Neurorehab between 2012-2022. Participants ranged in age from 20.4 - 67.8 years (M = 45.8). Individuals included in data analysis completed Trails A and B, Wide Range Achievement Test, Fourth Edition (WRAT-4) Word Reading, and Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS). Set-shifting ability was measured using Trails B and adaptive functioning was measured using the TFLS. Word reading ability, measured using the WRAT-4, was included as a covariate to account for the impact of word reading difficulties on Trails B performance.Results:A simple linear regression was conducted to examine if Trails B T-score (M = 24.7) and WRAT-4 Word Reading Standard Score (M = 87.8) predicted TFLS Total T-score (M = 35.8). The overall regression model was statistically significant (R2 = .351, F(2, 113) = 32.0, p < .001). It was found that lower performances on Trails B (ß = .272, p <.001) and WRAT-4 Word Reading (ß = .189, p <.001) both significantly predicted a lower TFLS Total T-score.Conclusions:Set-shifting and word reading ability significantly predicted the overall adaptive functioning score on the TFLS which adds to a body of literature that suggests that the ability to think and behave flexibly affects functional aspects of everyday living. These findings are consistent with previous literature regarding the association between cognitive flexibility and adaptive functioning in the general population, and these results add to the growing body of research on cognitive flexibility in individuals with brain injury. Clinicians may use an individual’s set-shifting performance to estimate and further assess potential difficulties in completing activities of daily living. This information may assist in subsequent treatment planning and identifying treatment goals of cognitive rehabilitation consistent with rehabilitation psychology’s goals of increasing levels of adaptive functioning and quality of life (Division 22 of the American Psychological Association, n.d.). Future research may examine if certain domains of adaptive functioning are more or less affected by impairments in cognitive flexibility. Future research may also examine patterns of set-shifting performance, such as sequencing errors vs. set-loss errors, associated with specific areas of insult.
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Alexandre B., Sé, Renato M. Passos, and Marcelo Hermes-Lima. "Are tutor-students capable of writing good biochemistry exams?" Revista de Ensino de Bioquímica 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2004): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.16923/reb.v2i2.139.
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In a previous article we described the relevance of student seminars for the learning process of appliedbiochemistry for medical and nutrition students (Hermes-Lima et al., Biochem. Mol.Biol.Educ. 30:30-34,2002). First semester students of a basic biochemistry course (BioBio) are divided in 10 groupsof 5 members, and each group is assigned to a specic topic (diabetes, cholesterol, etc) under thesupervision of a tutor-student. The tutors have already coursed BioBio and are currently undertakingan advanced biochemistry course. In order to evaluate the learning of applied biochemistry for BioBiostudents a true or false exam (TFE) is performed. This exam is made of 50 questions (5 on eachtopic) elaborated by the tutors under the supervision of the teacher. The TFE corresponds to 10percent of the grade of BioBio and focus on clinical and/or applied biochemistry situations. At theend of the exam, BioBio students were asked to share their opinions about TFEs (n = 401, from2001/1 to 2003/2). When asked to give a 0-to-4 score regarding (a) the diculty level of the test,(b) the technical quality and (c) if the exam makes an appropriate evaluation of applied biochemistryknowledge, the scores were 2.9, 3.4 and 2.9, respectively. BioBio students were also asked if they ndvalid to be evaluated by a tutor-made exam and if they would like to participate in the making ofTFEs; 96 and 58 percent answered yes, respectively.In another survey, we interviewed former BioBio students from the 2nd to the 7th semesters (n=95)about TFEs (since 1999-1) regarding technical aspects, which included (1) clarity of questions, (2) levelof diculty, (3) clinical application and (4) thinking (as opposed to memorizing) abilities demanded;the 0-to-4 scores were 3.1, 2.9, 2.6, and 2.5, respectively. Other four questions were on the validityof tutors writing TFEs and their capacity to perform such a task; the average score was 3.2. Oursurveys show the students good acceptance of the seminar system (Hermes-Lima et al. 2002), of theTFEs-based evaluation system, and students interest in TFEs writing (tutors also enjoy the process).These positive aspects constitute a motivation on the learning of basic biochemistry.
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Hardesty, Danielle R., Carmen Chek, Michael Persin, Emma Barr, Hannah Sasser, Trisha Glover, Allyson Coldiron, Thomas D. Parsons, and Michael D. Barnett. "A-12 Relationships between Performance on the Virtual Environment Grocery Store and Adaptive Functioning among Older Adults." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.30.
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Abstract Background/Problem Neuropsychologists are often asked to evaluate patients’ functional capacities, yet traditional neuropsychological tests have limited correspondence with real-world outcomes. The Virtual Environment Grocery store (VEGS) is a virtual environment that stimulates shopping tasks. Previous research has found support for the construct validity of the VEGS among older adults (Parsons & Barnett, 2017); however, no extant research has examined relationships between the VEGS and adaptive functioning among older adults. Method Older adults (n = 30; age 43–90 M = 77.09, SD = 12.94) were administered the Virtual Reality Grocery Store (VEGS) and the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS) and completed the Instruments of Daily Activities (IADLS) Questionnaire. Results VEGS variables explained 39.6% of the variance in self-reported adaptive functioning (I, e., the IADLS) and 60.0% of the variance in performance-based adaptive functioning (i.e., the TFLS). Conclusion These results suggest that the VEGS is a predictor of adaptive functioning – particularly when measured with a performance-based measure – among older adults.
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Hout, Tony, Tony Parkin, Samantha Smith, and Regina Ward. "Combining Best Available Technology: A Systems Approach for Effective Mechanical Oil Spill Response." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 300184. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014-1-300184.1.
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The toolbox of oil spill response resources now available includes alternative options for organizing, managing, and conducting a response. Best Available Technology (BAT) for Tracking & Surveillance provides an enhanced capability to direct on-water assets when over-flight information may be unavailable. Containment booming systems have the ability to be towed beyond traditional containment boom towing speeds, increasing oil encounter rates. Advances in skimming technology have led to higher oil recovery rates and higher skimmer efficiency rates, and therefore help reduce on-water storage requirements. The ability to combine this BAT into a single recovery system provides for timely and effective on-water response. Using BAT systems allows Operations Section Chiefs to organize a response into geographically defined divisions as opposed to traditional on-water groups with Task Force Leaders (TFLs) making autonomous, in-field decisions. This is an important enhancement in oil spill response. When conditions preclude over-flights for oil trajectory information, new surveillance BAT may still provide TFLs with information to assist in continuing efficient operations. With oil spill response vessels (OSRVs) with high skimming and storage capabilities operating at the source of the spill, TFLs can direct BAT recovery systems into heavily impacted areas away from the source. Each system can consist of: one TF leader vessel with BAT tracking and surveillance assets and an assigned Area of Responsibility (AOR); two advanced containment booming systems with assigned vessels; and [any number of?] highly efficient skimmers. Combining these response assets with adequate on-water storage of recovered liquids, the TF leader is better able to direct each recovery system into the thickest parts of the oil to maximize on-water encounter and recovery rates.
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Lewis, Rachel, and Emma Donaldson-Feilder. "Practitioner of the Year Award : Behaviour change and health improvement at Transport for London." OP Matters 1, no. 25 (March 2015): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsopm.2015.1.25.12.
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The Division’s flagship Practitioner of the Year award has gone to Rachel Lewis and Emma Donaldson-Feilder of Affinity Health at Work for their work with Transport for London (TfL). Their evidence-based and behaviour change approach informs and underpins TfL’s Health Improvement Plan, assisting in the choice of ‘best’ health improvement activities and the implementation of activities in ways that maximise effectiveness. They presented this paper at the conference.
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Huang, Ling Yun, and Hui Qiang Xie. "Threshold Effects of Environmental Regulation on Total Factor Energy Efficiency in China." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 8, no. 1 (February 20, 2015): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01508010033.
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This paper examines the threshold effects of environmental regulation on China’s total factor energy efficiency (TFEE) using technological innovation (as measured by patents) as a threshold variable. Using the Slacksbased measure-undesirable (SBM-undesirable) output model, we first estimate TFEEs in 30 Chinese provinces from 2000 to 2011 under the constraints of energy conservation and emissions reduction. We then analyze the impact of environmental regulation on TFEE based on the panel threshold regression model. The results show that the average TFEE in China from 2000 to 2011 is 0.503, indicating that this measure can be significantly improved. However, environmental regulation has threshold effects on TFEE. Stringent environmental regulation can only improve TFEEs in provinces with technological innovation levels between the first and second threshold values. When technological innovation levels are below the first or above the second threshold value, tighter environmental regulation would lower TFEE. The results suggest that environmental regulation does not always enhance TFEE and that the positive effect of environmental regulation on TFEE must fall within a range of threshold values. In addition, improving the technological innovation level and adjusting the industrial structure have positive effects on TFEE, while the irrational energy consumption structure has a negative effect on TFEE.
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Lin, Jie, Jian Lai Guo, Chang Liu, and Hang Guo. "A 3D All-Solid-State Thin Film Microbattery with Inverted Pyramid Arrays." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 1170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.1170.
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A 3D all-solid-state thin film lithium-ion microbattery (TFLM) with inverted pyramid arrays is fabricated by microfabrication technology. Compared with 2D TFLMs, the effective area of this 3D TFLM increases more than 30%. The 3D TFLM prepared by magnetron sputtering is composed of LiCoO2 cathode, LiPON solid electrolyte, and copper doped SnOx anode. The 3D TFLM is tested by electrochemical measurements, and the results show that it has reliable capacity and excellent performance.
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Jao, Ruey-Chi, and Wei Fang. "Effects of Frequency and Duty Ratio on the Growth of Potato Plantlets In Vitro Using Light-emitting Diodes." HortScience 39, no. 2 (April 2004): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.2.375.
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Effects of intermittent light on photomixotrophic growth of potato plantlets in vitro and the electrical savings that could be realized by adjusting the frequency and duty ratio of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated and compared to the use of conventional tubular fluorescent lamps (TFLs). TFLs provide continuous fluctuating light at 60 Hz and LEDs provide continuous nonfluctuating or intermittent/pulse light depend on the preset frequency and duty ratio. In total, eight treatments were investigated with varying light source, frequency, duty ratio and photoperiod. Results indicated that if growth rate is the only concern, LEDs at 720 Hz [1.4 milliseconds (ms)] and 50% duty ratio with 16-h light/8-h dark photoperiod stimulated plant growth the most. However, if energy consumption is the major concern, using LEDs at 180 Hz (5.5 ms) and 50% duty ratio with 16-h light/8-h dark photoperiod would be the best choice for illuminating potato plantlets without significantly sacrificing plant growth, especially when energy for heat removal is also considered.
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Lin and Zhao. "The Systematic Optimization of Train Formation in Loading Stations." Symmetry 11, no. 10 (October 3, 2019): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11101238.
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This paper presents the formulation of a train formation problem in rail loading stations (TFLS) from the systematic perspective. Several patterns of train formation are analyzed thoroughly before modeling, including direct single-commodity trains, direct multi-commodity trains created in the loading stations, and direct trains originating from reclassification yards. One of the crucial preconditions is that the loading and unloading efficiencies in the loading stations and the relational unloading stations are symmetric. Based on this, a non-linear 0–1 programming model is designed with the aim of minimizing the total car-hour cost incurred by the loading, unloading, and reclassification operations, and the commercial software Lingo is employed as the solving approach. A small-scale example is carried out first to illustrate the validity of the presented model and the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then, a series of numerical cases are devised to test the model and solving approach. The computational results show that our model can be regarded as a theoretical foundation of the TFLS problem.
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Li, Xianjuan, and Yanhui Su. "A parallel in time/spectral collocation combined with finite difference method for the time fractional differential equations." Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology 15 (January 2021): 174830262110084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17483026211008409.
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In this article, we consider the numerical solution for the time fractional differential equations (TFDEs). We propose a parallel in time method, combined with a spectral collocation scheme and the finite difference scheme for the TFDEs. The parallel in time method follows the same sprit as the domain decomposition that consists in breaking the domain of computation into subdomains and solving iteratively the sub-problems over each subdomain in a parallel way. Concretely, the iterative scheme falls in the category of the predictor-corrector scheme, where the predictor is solved by finite difference method in a sequential way, while the corrector is solved by computing the difference between spectral collocation and finite difference method in a parallel way. The solution of the iterative method converges to the solution of the spectral method with high accuracy. Some numerical tests are performed to confirm the efficiency of the method in three areas: (i) convergence behaviors with respect to the discretization parameters are tested; (ii) the overall CPU time in parallel machine is compared with that for solving the original problem by spectral method in a single processor; (iii) for the fixed precision, while the parallel elements grow larger, the iteration number of the parallel method always keep constant, which plays the key role in the efficiency of the time parallel method.
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Reitzig, Sven, Michael Rüsing, Jie Zhao, Benjamin Kirbus, Shayan Mookherjea, and Lukas M. Eng. "“Seeing Is Believing”—In-Depth Analysis by Co-Imaging of Periodically-Poled X-Cut Lithium Niobate Thin Films." Crystals 11, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030288.
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Nonlinear and quantum optical devices based on periodically-poled thin film lithium niobate (PP-TFLN) have gained considerable interest lately, due to their significantly improved performance as compared to their bulk counterparts. Nevertheless, performance parameters such as conversion efficiency, minimum pump power, and spectral bandwidth strongly depend on the quality of the domain structure in these PP-TFLN samples, e.g., their homogeneity and duty cycle, as well as on the overlap and penetration depth of domains with the waveguide mode. Hence, in order to propose improved fabrication protocols, a profound quality control of domain structures is needed that allows quantifying and thoroughly analyzing these parameters. In this paper, we propose to combine a set of nanometer-to-micrometer-scale imaging techniques, i.e., piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), second-harmonic generation (SHG), and Raman spectroscopy (RS), to access the relevant and crucial sample properties through cross-correlating these methods. Based on our findings, we designate SHG to be the best-suited standard imaging technique for this purpose, in particular when investigating the domain poling process in x-cut TFLNs. While PFM is excellently recommended for near-surface high-resolution imaging, RS provides thorough insights into stress and/or defect distributions, as associated with these domain structures. In this context, our work here indicates unexpectedly large signs for internal fields occurring in x-cut PP-TFLNs that are substantially larger as compared to previous observations in bulk LN.
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QI Zhao-yi, 齐赵毅, 胡晓龙 HU Xiao-long, and 王洪 WANG Hong. "Design of Surface Textures for High Light Extraction Efficiency GaN-based Flip-chip TFLEDs." Chinese Journal of Luminescence 38, no. 3 (2017): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/fgxb20173803.0338.
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Bouska, Alyssa, Timothy McKeithan, Karen E. Deffenbacher, Cynthia Lachel, George W. Wright, Javeed Iqbal, Lynette M. Smith, et al. "Genetic Abnormalities in Follicular Lymphoma and Transformed Follicular Lymphoma." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2648.2648.
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Abstract Abstract 2648 Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent lymphoma and the second most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the Western world. It is characterized by the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation, which is present in up to 90% of cases. About 40% of FL cases eventually transform into a more aggressive lymphoma (tFL), most commonly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To identify the secondary chromosomal abnormalities that contribute to the development of FL, and to its transformation, we undertook a large study using the Affymetrix 250k NspI SNP array to identify copy number abnormalities (CNAs) in 198 FL and 79 tFL samples, 75% of which have concurrent gene expression profiling studies using Affymetrix U133+2 or A+B arrays for correlative analysis. There were 22 recurrent chromosomal abnormalities that were present in over 10% of FL cases, including gains of 7, 12, 18, 21, X, 1q, 2q, 5p, 6p, 8q, 17q and loss of 6q. We also identified 20 smaller CNAs that occurred in over 5% of FL cases, the most frequent being loss of chromosome 1p36.33-p36.31 including TNFRSF14, loss of chromosome 10q23.1-q25.1 encompassing several possible cancer-related genes such as PTEN, gain of chromosome 2p16.1-p15 including REL, and gain of chromosome 8q24.13-q24.3 including MYC. Univariate Cox regression models were used to analyze the CNA regions that occurred in at least 10 FL cases as predictors of overall survival. Four recurrent CNAs were predictive of survival in univariate analysis below the p=0.05 significance level, and two were found to be borderline significant. A gain of X or the p arm of X was predictive of poor survival. Additionally, two losses on 6q (6q13–15 and 6q23.3–24.1) were associated with poor survival. The 6q23.3–24.1 loss contains TNFAIP3, which encodes a negative regulator of the NF-kB pathway, and is a frequent site of homozygous loss. Additionally, a gain of chromosome 8 that includes the MYC gene, and a loss of chromosome 9 that includes CDKN2A, were borderline predictors of poor survival. Patients with FLs that have 7 or more abnormalities had worse survival than those with fewer abnormalities. We also compared the CNAs found in tFL samples to FL samples and identified 26 abnormalities that were at least 5 times more frequent in tFL and present in at least 5% of tFLs. A gain of 3q27.3-q28 containing 5 genes including BCL6 and LPP, for example, was found in 11% of tFL case, but only 2% of FL cases. We also found differences in the deletion of Beta-2 Microglobulin (B2M) between FL and tFL. The B2M locus is deleted in 8% of FLs, but in 21% of tFLs. B2M, a subunit of the MHC class I molecule, is known to be repressed by mechanisms such as mutation and deletion in de novo DLBCL, as a way for the tumor to evade immune surveillance. HLA-A- B, and/or -C were deleted in 5% of FLs and almost 9% of tFLs. CD58, which plays a role in T- and NK-cell immune responses, was deleted in 3% of FLs and 11% of tFLs. Overall, 19% of FLs and 37% of tFLs had an abnormality in CD58, B2M, and/or HLA class I, indicating that evasion of immune surveillance is important in transformation to a more aggressive disease. We also compared CNAs from tFL cases to those found in de novo GCB-DLBCL cases and identified several that differed markedly between the 2 diseases, such as a gain of chromosome 21 which was present in 21% of tFL cases but only 3% of DLBCL cases. In conclusion, FL, tFL, and de novo GCB-DLBCL share common CNAs, but the prevalence of the individual lesions differ among the 3 entities. Functional validation of potential candidate genes will determine important pathways in the development and progression of FL, and identify possible targets for therapeutic intervention. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kraft, Lea, Ralf Petzold, Rodrigo Suarez-Ibarrola, and Arkadiusz Miernik. "In vitro fragmentation performance of a novel, pulsed Thulium solid-state laser compared to a Thulium fibre laser and standard Ho:YAG laser." Lasers in Medical Science 37, no. 3 (December 14, 2021): 2071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03495-8.
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Abstract The aim of this work was to compare the fragmentation efficiency of a novel, pulsed Thulium solid-state laser (p-Tm:YAG) to that of a chopped Thulium fibre laser (TFL) and a pulsed Holmium solid-state laser (Ho:YAG). During the fragmentation process, we used a silicone mould to fixate the hemispherical stone models under water in a jar filled with room-temperature water. Each laser device registered the total energy applied to the stone model to determine fragmentation efficiency. Our study examined laser settings with single pulse energies ranging from 0.6 to 6 J and pulse frequencies ranging from 5 to 15 Hz. Similar laser settings were applied to explicitly compare the fragmentation efficiency of all three devices. We experimented with additional laser settings to see which of the three devices would perform best. The fragmentation performance of the three laser devices differed statistically significantly (p < 0.05). The average total energy required to fragment the stone model was 345.96 J for Ho:YAG, 372.43 J for p-Tm:YAG and 483.90 J for TFL. To fragment the stone models, both Ho:YAG and p-Tm:YAG needed similar total energy (p = 0.97). TFL’s fragmentation efficiency is significantly lower than that of Ho:YAG and p-Tm:YAG. Furthermore, we found the novel p-Tm:YAG’s fragmentation efficiency to closely resemble that of Ho:YAG. The fragmentation efficiency is thought to be influenced by the pulse duration. TFL’s shortest possible pulse duration was considerably longer than that of Ho:YAG and p-Tm:YAG, resulting in Ho:YAG and p-Tm:YAG exhibiting better fragmenting efficiency.
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Pacchetti, A., M. Maltagliati, L. Berti, E. Morini, D. Perri, U. Besana, C. Buizza, et al. "Pulsed vs continuous tFLEP: a multi-institution trial to compare intra and early postoperative outcomes." European Urology Open Science 44 (October 2022): S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01080-1.
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LIM, Jae Young, Kuk-Kyoung MOON, and Harin WOO. "Do Individual Perceptions of Organizational Culture Moderate the TFL-Helping Behavior and the TFL-Performance Linkages? Evidence from a Korean Public Employee Survey." Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, no. 64 E (October 15, 2021): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/tras.64e.5.
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Among the many potential organizational contexts, this study focuses on organizational culture, as it is critical for transformational leadership (TFL) behaviors to percolate into individual employees. Particularly, the study relies on the Competing Values Framework developed by Quinn and his colleagues. Relying on a Korean survey of central and local government employees, the study explores whether TFL influences employees’ perceptions of helping behavior and performance. Moreover, the study examines the moderating role of employees’ perceptions of organizational culture on the TFL-helping and TFL-performance linkages. The results demonstrate that clan culture enhances the TFL-helping and TFL-performance linkages, whereas hierarchical culture attenuates TFL’s relationship with helping behavior and performance.
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Stamatakis, Michael E., Erofili E. Stamataki, Anastasios P. Stamelos, and Maria G. Ioannides. "Energy Management in a Super-Tanker Powered by Solar, Wind, Hydrogen and Boil-Off Gas for Saving CO2 Emissions." Electronics 13, no. 8 (April 19, 2024): 1567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13081567.
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In terms of energy generation and consumption, ships are autonomous isolated systems, with power demands varying according to the type of ship: passenger or commercial. The power supply in modern ships is based on thermal engines-generators, which use fossil fuels, marine diesel oil (MDO) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). The continuous operation of thermal engines on ships during cruises results in increased emissions of polluting gases, mainly CO/CO2. The combination of renewable energy sources (REs) and triple-fuel diesel engines (TFDEs) can reduce CO/CO2 emissions, resulting in a “greener” interaction between ships and the ecosystem. This work presents a new control method for balancing the power generation and the load demands of a ship equipped with TFDEs, fuel cells (FCs), and REs, based on a real and accurate model of a super-tanker and simulation of its operation in real cruise conditions. The new TFDE technology engines are capable of using different fuels (marine diesel oil, heavy fuel oil and liquified natural gas), producing the power required for ship operation, as well as using compositions of other fuels based on diesel, aiming to reduce the polluting gases produced. The energy management system (EMS) of a ship is designed and implemented in the structure of a finite state machine (FSM), using the logical design of transitions from state to state. The results demonstrate that further reductions in fossil fuel consumption as well as CO2 emissions are possible if ship power generation is combined with FC units that consume hydrogen as fuel. The hydrogen is produced locally on the ship through electrolysis using the electric power generated by the on-board renewable energy sources (REs) using photovoltaic systems (PVs) and wind energy conversion turbines (WECs).
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Maltagliati, M., L. Berti, U. Besana, C. Buizza, S. Micali, B. Rocco, M. C. Sighinolfi, A. Pacchetti, J. B. Roche, and G. Bozzini. "Pulsed vs. continuous TFLEP: A multi-institution trial to compare intra and early post-operative outcomes." European Urology 81 (February 2022): S1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00955-1.
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Charidimou, Andreas. "Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related transient focal neurological episodes (CAA-TFNEs): A well-defined clinical-radiological syndrome." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 406 (November 2019): 116496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2019.116496.
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Advokat, C., A. Ghorpade, and E. Wolf. "Intrathecal excitatory amino acid (EAA) agonists increase tail flick latencies (TFLs) of spinal rats." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 48, no. 3 (July 1994): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(94)90334-4.
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Hardesty, Danielle R., Carmen Chek, Jacob Avendano, Allyson Coldiron, Jeanne M. Dube, Rebekah Griffin, Eman Nabulsi, Annika Wurm, Michael D. Barnett, and Thomas D. Parsons. "A-110 The Virtual Environment Grocery Store Explains Variance in Older Adults’ Adaptive Functioning Beyond Age." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 37, no. 6 (August 17, 2022): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acac060.110.
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Abstract Objective: The Virtual Environment Grocery Store (VEGS; Parsons & McMahan, 2017) has demonstrated relationships with older adults’ adaptive functioning as measured both by self-report and with a performance-based test (Hardesty et al., 2021). However, age is an important predictor of adaptive functioning among older adults (Weber et al., 2019). The purpose of this study was to investigate the incremental validity of the VEGS. We hypothesized that the VEGS long delay free recall would explain variance in adaptive functioning beyond that which is accounted for by age. Method: Older adults (n = 98; age 65–90, M = 75.82, SD = 6.27) were administered the Virtual Environment Grocery Store (VEGS) and the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS) and completed the Instruments of Daily Activities Scale (IADLS) Questionnaire. Results: Age explained 30.8% of the variance in TFLS. Inclusion of the VEGS long delay free recall meant that the model was able to explain 48.0% of the variance (R2 change F = 1.28, p < 0.001). Age explained 17.2% of the variance in IADLS scores; the inclusion of the VEGS long delay free recall brought this to 21.5% (R2 change F = 7.03, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Among older adults, age is an important predictor of adaptive functioning as measured by self-report and performance-based test. The VEGS was able to explain substantial variance in older adults’ adaptive functioning beyond age, particularly when measured with a performance-based test. These results are consistent with the notion that the VEGS measures abilities relevant to older adult’s daily functioning.
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D, Stepien, Huber D, Samples M, and West S. "A-120 Practice Effects on Repeat Neuropsychological Assessment of Adults with Chronic Severe TBI." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.120.
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Abstract Objective This study examined whether practice effects caused by repeated exposure to test materials during serial assessment significantly impacts the performance of adults with chronic severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), given the severe memory impairment typical of this population. This study sought to describe the pattern of practice effects on repeat neuropsychological testing for this population. It was hypothesized that practice effects would be diminished for individuals with chronic sTBI. Method This study utilized longitudinal archival data collected as part of an annual neuropsychological assessment battery administered to 43 individuals receiving post-acute rehabilitation services at a structured multisite day treatment program. Each participant was tested at two time points which differed by an average of 13 months. The battery consisted of the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), Trail Making Test (TMT), Brief Mood Survey, Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Screening Module (NAB-SN), and Judgment subtest from the NAB Executive Functions Module (NAB Judgment). Results Practice effects were determined based on reliable improvement (p < .05) in scores across test administrations. A Reliable Change Index (RCI) was calculated for each test based on the method proposed by Jacobson and Truax (1991). Results revealed reliable improvements in performance for the NAB-SN Attention domain (RCI = 3.69), NAB Judgment subtest (RCI = 10.14), and TFLS Total Score (RCI = 4.38). Conclusion This study indicates that adults with chronic sTBI demonstrate significant practice effects primarily on measures associated with functional living skills. These findings suggest that repeat testing in this population may be less susceptible to the influence of practice effects.
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Khedhiri, Mohamed. "Readiness for Change in Public Education." Higher Education for the Future 5, no. 2 (July 2018): 178–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347631118767293.
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A bulk of research on organizational readiness for changes has been focused on continuous empirical analysis in private business organizations. The present study digresses from the status quo by performing discrete analysis in public education. Generalized ordered logit model (GOLM) regressions were performed at individual level, to analyse a sample of 707 faculties working in a large public university who were in the process to undergo substantial change. Results showed that faculty perceives, indeed, critical issues related to demotivation, communication channel, nature of teamwork and transformational leaders (TFL). These issues let them support the need for organizational change to be successful in the near future. In addition, data analysis raised issues concerning TFL’s social interaction patterns. This and other overwhelming challenges are discussed, and some recommendations of understanding change readiness and TFL development are suggested.
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Çetınkaya, Süleyman, and Ali Demir. "Effects of the ARA transform method for time fractional problems." Mathematica Moravica 26, no. 2 (2022): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/matmor2202073c.
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The aim of this study is to establish the solutions of time fractional mathematical problems with the aid of new integral transforms called the ARA transform. The fractional derivative is taken in the sense of Liouville-Caputo derivative. The fractional partial differential equations are reduced into ordinary differential equations. Later solving this fractional equation and applying inverse the ARA transform, the solution is acquired. The implementation of this transform for fractional differential equations is very similar to the implementation of the Laplace transform. However, the ARA transform allows us to take the integral transform of some functions for which we can not take the Laplace transform. The illustrated examples justify that the implementation and efficiency of this method are better than any other integral transforms to tackle time fractional differential equations (TFDEs).
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Liu, An-Chen, Pei-Tien Chen, Chia-Hao Chuang, Yan-Chieh Chen, Yan-Lin Chen, Hsin-Chu Chen, Shu-Tong Chang, I.-Yu Huang, and Hao-Chung Kuo. "Study of 1500V AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Grown on Engineered Substrates." Electronics 13, no. 11 (May 30, 2024): 2143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112143.
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In this study, we demonstrate breakdown voltage at 1500 V of GaN on a QST power device. The high breakdown voltage and low current collapse performance can be attributed to the higher quality of GaN buffer layers grown on QST substrates. This is primarily due to the matched coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) with GaN and the enhanced mechanical strength. Based on computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations, the strong electric-field-induced trap-assisted thermionic field emissions (TA-TFEs) in the GaN on QST could be eliminated in the GaN buffer. This demonstration showed the potential of GaN on QST, and promises well-controlled performance and reliability under high-power operation conditions.
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Gannoun, Hameed, Naciye Kunt, and Farhana Diana Deris. "INVESTIGATING ANXIETY ABOUT TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AMONG EFL TEACHERS PURSUING THEIR POSTGRADUATE STUDIES." Issues in Language Studies 12, no. 1 (June 28, 2023): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ils.5101.2023.
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In the discipline of teaching English, scholars and even language teachers have long been interested in foreign language teaching anxiety (FLTA). With the increasing proliferation of English as a foreign language (EFL), there is a lack of comprehensive research on FLTA among EFL teachers. Therefore, the current study examines FLTA among 48 EFL teachers during their postgraduate programme at a public university in Northern Cyprus. The current analysis included the administration of the Teacher Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (TFLAS) and interviews. According to the results, the participants experienced varying degrees of foreign language teaching anxiety, and anxiety levels do not correlate with participants’ gender and teaching. The findings also revealed that fear of making mistakes was the primary factor that could induce language teaching anxiety. This study contributes to the existing body of prior research on FLTA with valuable contextualised data that could help alleviate anxiety levels experienced by EFL teachers.
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Larriba, Marcos, Pablo Navarro, Jean-Baptiste Beigbeder, Julián García, and Francisco Rodríguez. "Mixing and decomposition behavior of {[4bmpy][Tf2N]+[emim][EtSO4]} and {[4bmpy][Tf2N]+[emim][TFES]} ionic liquid mixtures." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 82 (March 2015): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2014.10.022.
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Wibowo, Alexander Joseph Ibnu, Suherman Widjaja, and Bernardinus Realino Yudianto. "Relationship Quality and Innovation Capacity of Micro Enterprises: A Single Case Study in the Traditional Food Sector." Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v3i1.1815.
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Purpose: This study aims to analyze the innovation capacity and relationship quality of micro-enterprises with its stakeholders.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This is an exploratory and single-case study that uses an in-depth interview with the owner of one traditional food micro-enterprise (TFME) in Yogyakarta City (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia).
Findings: The results determined that there are four types of relationships between a TFME and its stakeholders: supplier, internal, customer, and lateral partnerships. We further identify antecedents of relationship quality: opportunistic behavior, reputation, customer orientation, relationship orientation, conflicts, product quality, and knowledge and skills. The research further found that conflicts, relationship quality, product quality, knowledge and skills, and owner’s age can affect the innovation capacity of a TFME.
Implications/Originality/Value: Theoretically, the findings provide support for the development of relationship marketing theory. Practically, this study is valuable for TFMEs to build relationship quality with stakeholders and innovation capacity.
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Minnick, David L., and Mark B. Shiflett. "Solubility and Diffusivity of Chlorodifluoromethane in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids: [emim][Tf2N], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], and [emim][TFES]." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 58, no. 25 (May 31, 2019): 11072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02419.
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Adnan, Muhammad, Muhammad Ahsan Ali, Sidra Rafiq, and Ayesha Malik. "Transformational and Transactional Leadership as a Function of Employee Performance." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v8i2.2418.
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Purpose: Using responses from 176 employees working in the top leadership role in the FMCG sector of Pakistan, this study aimed to investigate the effect of transformational and transactional leadership on employee performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative approach was adopted, while a convenience sampling technique was used for data collection. The results were analyzed using the SmartPLS and SPSS, i.e., Partial Least Square, and the Measurement Model included Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Factor Loadings.
Findings: According to the findings of our study, transactional (TRLS) and transformational leadership (TFLS) are positively correlated with employee performance. Thus, transformational and transactional leadership positively affect employee performance in Pakistan’s FMCG sector
Implications/Originality/Value: This study shall help the directors, top management, and executives working in the leadership roles to develop better pathways for achieving high objectives in terms of performance.