Relevant bibliographies by topics / TFCAs

Academic literature on the topic 'TFCAs'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "TFCAs"

1

Spierenburg, Marja, Conrad Steenkamp, and Harry Wels. "Resistance of local communities against marginalization in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area." Focaal 2006, no. 47 (June 1, 2006): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/092012906780646479.

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The Great Limpopo is one of the largest Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in the world, encompassing vast areas in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. The TFCA concept is embraced by practically all (international) conservation agencies. The rationale for the support is that the boundaries of ecosystems generally do not overlap with those of the nation-state. Their protection requires transnational cooperation. By arguing that local communities living in or close to TFCAs will participate and benefit economically, TFCA proponents claim social legitimacy for the project. However, analysis shows that communities first have to live up to rigid standards and requirements set by the international conservation authorities, before they are considered ‘fit’ to participate. Communities attempt to resist this type of marginalization by forming alliances with (inter)national development and human rights NGOs, with mixed results.
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Tok Cekmecelioglu, Busra, Peter Legeza, Kavya Sinha, Pooja Tekula, Alan Lumsden, and Zsolt Garami. "Preliminary Experience With Transcranial Doppler Monitoring in Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Revascularization: Initial Observations on Cerebral Embolization Patterns." Journal for Vascular Ultrasound 45, no. 3 (July 21, 2021): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15443167211032371.

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Intraoperative transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring allows us to see intracranial blood flow changes related to endovascular and surgical manipulation in real time. This study evaluates the results of TCD monitoring during transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) with flow reversal, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) without shunt, with a shunt (shCEA), and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (tfCAS) with distal filter protection. Patients who underwent carotid artery revascularization with TCD monitoring were included. Patient demographics and medical history were recorded based on medical documentation. Intraoperative TCD, hemodynamics, fluoroscopy images, and surgical manipulation were recorded simultaneously with a 4-channel video recording system, and based on the recordings, the number of high-intensity signals (HITS) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow changes were registered. HITS during contrast injections were not included in the analysis due to the high number of artifacts. HITS were compared between the four groups, and HITS during lesion crossing/predilation/stent deployment/postdilation were compared between the tfCAS and TCAR groups. Thirty six patients were involved (mean age 69.5 ± 10.59 years; 24 male) (9 CEA; 11 shCEA; 4 tfCAS; 12 TCAR). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and smoking were frequent in all groups. Median number of HITS for CEA, shCEA, tfCAS, and TCAR were 5 (range: 0-90), 10 (range: 3-72), 197.5 (range: 153-340), and 29 (range: 2-74), respectively. The number of HITS during TCAR was not significantly different compared to CEA or shCEA but significantly lower than in patients receiving tfCAS ( P < .01). Procedural phases of lesion crossing, predilation, stent deployment, and postdilation were associated with significantly higher HITS during tfCAS than TCAR ( P = .002, P = .006, P = .04, P = .006, respectively). The number of embolic events during TCAR is comparable with CEA with and without a shunt and associated with a significantly lower HITS rate than tfCAS with distal filter protection. According to our results, TCAR appears to be a safer alternative to tfCAS.
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Stonko, David P., Earl Goldsborough, Pavel Kibrik, George Zhang, Courtenay M. Holscher, and Caitlin W. Hicks. "Use of Transcarotid Artery Revascularization, Transfemoral Carotid Artery Stenting, and Carotid Endarterectomy in the US From 2015 to 2019." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 9 (September 16, 2022): e2231944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.31944.

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ImportanceA transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) device was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2015 for carotid revascularization in patients at high risk for stroke, cranial nerve injury, or major cardiac event. It is unclear how the introduction of TCAR has changed the use of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TFCAS).ObjectiveTo quantify the temporal changes in the operative approach to carotid revascularization (CEA vs TFCAS vs TCAR), and to identify patient and disease characteristics commonly associated with each approach.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study obtained data from the Vascular Quality Initiative database from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019. Patients with carotid artery stenosis who underwent CEA, TFCAS, or TCAR were included. Data were analyzed from January to April 2022.ExposuresMonth and year of surgery as well as patient risk status.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNumber and proportion of carotid revascularization procedures by operative approach.ResultsA total of 108 676 patients (mean [SD] age 56.6 [12.5] years; 66 684 men [61.4%]) were included in the analysis. The most common operative approach overall was CEA (n = 81 508 [75.0%]), followed by TFCAS (n = 15 578 [14.3%]) and TCAR (n = 11 590 [10.7%]). The number of procedures increased over the study period (16 754 in 2015 vs 27 269 in 2019; P &lt; .001). In 2015, CEA was used in 84.9% of all cases, followed by TFCAS (14.4%) and TCAR (0.8%). In 2019, CEA was used in 64.8% of cases, followed by TCAR (21.9%) and TFCAS (13.3%). The proportional use of CEA decreased by 5.0% (95% CI, −7.4% to −2.6%) per year, and TCAR use increased by 5.3% (95% CI, 2.3%-8.3%) per year. Among patients at high risk, the change was greater: CEA use decreased by 7.8% (95% CI, −11.9% to −3.8%) per year, TFCAS decreased by 4.8% (95% CI, −9.5% to −0.14%) per year, and TCAR increased by 12.6% (95% CI, 7.1%-18.1%) per year. Multinomial logistic regression showed that patient risk status was the most important characteristic associated with TCAR compared with CEA (relative risk ratio, 36.10; 95% CI, 29.24-44.66; P &lt; .001) and TFCAS (relative risk ratio, 14.10; 95% CI, 11.86-16.66; P &lt; .001). Linear regression revealed no association between year of surgery and in-hospital myocardial infarction, stroke, or mortality.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study indicate that TCAR has become the dominant carotid revascularization approach, surpassing TFCAS and CEA in patients at high risk for stroke, cranial nerve injury, or cardiovascular events. Patient high-risk status was the main characteristic associated with a stenting approach, highlighting the perceived importance of carotid stenting therapies in this patient population.
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Duffy, Rosaleen. "The politics of global environmental governance: the powers and limitations of transfrontier conservation areas in Central America." Review of International Studies 31, no. 2 (April 2005): 307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210505006467.

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This article examines the concepts and practices of global governance as a definitively liberal project. It provides an analysis of how TFCAs intersect with wider neoliberal debates about the efficacy of global environmental governance, and explores the power and limitations of that governance. In particular, this article investigates the complex local contexts which global environmental governance schemes such as TFCAs encounter; in so doing it highlights the ways that local activities subvert and challenge global-level conservation schemes. Through an analysis of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) in Central America, it contends that specific forms of global environmental governance require some rethinking to accommodate their potentially fragile and uneven nature, and that it is more open, opaque or uneven than many theorists suggest.
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Chitakira, Munyaradzi, Luxon Nhamo, Emmanuel Torquebiau, James Magidi, Willem Ferguson, Sylvester Mpandeli, Kevin Mearns, and Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi. "Opportunities to Improve Eco-Agriculture through Transboundary Governance in Transfrontier Conservation Areas." Diversity 14, no. 6 (June 8, 2022): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14060461.

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Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) are critical biodiversity areas for the conservation and sustainable use of biological and cultural resources while promoting regional peace, cooperation, and socio-economic development. Sustainable management of TFCAs is dependent on the availability of an eco-agriculture framework that promotes integrated management of conservation mosaics in terms of food production, environmental protection or the conservation of natural resources, and improved human livelihoods. As a developmental framework, eco-agriculture is significantly influenced by existing legal and governance structures at all levels; this study assessed the impact of existing legal and governance frameworks on eco-agriculture implementation in the Lubombo TFCA that cuts across the borders between Mozambique, Eswatini, and South Africa. The assessment used a mixed research method, including a document review, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Although the three countries have no eco-agriculture policies, biodiversity practices are directly or indirectly affected by some policies related to environmental protection, agriculture improvement, and rural development. The assessment found that South Africa has the most comprehensive policies related to eco-agriculture; Mozambican policies mainly focus on equity and involvement of disadvantaged social groups, while Eswatini is conspicuous for explicitly making it the responsibility of each citizen to protect and safeguard the environment. The protection of conservation areas is critical to preserving natural habitats and ensuring the continued provision of ecosystem services. The lack of transboundary governance structures results in the Lubombo TFCA existing as a treaty on paper, as there are no clear processes for transboundary cooperation and collaboration.
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Cui, Christina L., Hanaa Dakour-Aridi, Jinny J. Lu, Kevin S. Yei, Marc L. Schermerhorn, and Mahmoud B. Malas. "In-Hospital Outcomes of Urgent, Early, or Late Revascularization for Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis." Stroke 53, no. 1 (January 2022): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.032410.

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Background and Purpose: Advancements in carotid revascularization have produced promising outcomes in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. However, the optimal timing of revascularization procedures after symptomatic presentation remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to compare in-hospital outcomes of transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR), transfemoral carotid stenting (TFCAS), or carotid endarterectomy (CEA) performed within different time intervals after most recent symptoms. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of United States patients in the vascular quality initiative. All carotid revascularizations performed for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis between September 2016 and November 2019 were included. Procedures were categorized as urgent (0–2 days after most recent symptom), early (3–14 days), or late (15–180 days). The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital stroke and death. Secondary outcomes include in-hospital stroke, death, and transient ischemic attacks. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare outcomes. Results: A total of 18 643 revascularizations were included: 2006 (10.8%) urgent, 7423 (39.8%) early, and 9214 (49.42%) late. Patients with TFCAS had the highest rates of stroke/death at all timing cohorts (urgent: 4.0% CEA, 6.9% TFCAS, 6.5% TCAR, P =0.018; early: 2.5% CEA, 3.8% TFCAS, 2.9% TCAR, P =0.054; late: 1.6% CEA, 2.8% TFCAS, 2.3% TCAR, P =0.003). TFCAS also had increased odds of in-hospital stroke/death compared with CEA in all 3 groups (urgent adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.7 [95% CI, 1.0–2.9] P =0.03; early aOR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.4] P =0.01; and late aOR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.2–3.0] P =0.01). TCAR and CEA had comparable odds of in-hospital stroke/death in all 3 groups (urgent aOR, 1.9 [95% CI, 0.9–4], P =0.10), (early aOR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.7–1.7], P =0.66), (late aOR, 1.5 [95% CI, 0.9–2.3], P =0.08). Conclusions: CEA remains the safest method of revascularization within the urgent period. Among revascularization performed outside of the 48 hours, TCAR and CEA have comparable outcomes.
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Hanks, John. "Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in Southern Africa." Journal of Sustainable Forestry 17, no. 1-2 (June 2003): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j091v17n01_08.

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Chen, Jingxian, Feng Li, Xuejun Zhang, and Bin Li. "An Assistant System for Translation Flipped Classroom." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010327.

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To achieve the goal of training translators that meet the current social needs, the innovation of translation teaching methods is necessary. Studies have proven that students in flipped classrooms (FCs) have greater performance than students in traditional classrooms. However, the preparation time for FCs could be three times higher than that of traditional classrooms, which leads to the reluctance of teachers to conduct FCs. Machine translation (MT) is believed to be a useful tool to improve the translation efficiency of human translators. However, in practice, teachers found that many students cannot work with MT effectively. To solve the above problems, this paper designs a Translation Flipped Classroom Assistance System (TFCAS) based on cloud computing and MT. A parameter is proposed to measure students’ ability to translate evaluation. TFCAS has reduced the burden of teachers in the FC mode and helped students become accustomed to working with MT. Application data stored in the MySQL database, such as sentence pairs, will be used to optimize the neural machine translation model we developed for the system. The system makes MT and the training of translators support each other’s sustainable development and conforms to the trend of deepening teaching reform.
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Hanks, J. "Conservation strategies for Africa's large mammals." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 13, no. 8 (2001): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd01070.

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Africa’s large mammals are conserved for their aesthetic, scientific and economic values. Many of these species face a gloomy future precipitated by a combination of factors directly and indirectly influenced by the activities of man, including habitat loss, overexploitation, poor management of designated protected areas, and the vulnerability of small isolated populations. Africa’s designated protected areas and biodiversity hotspots are also under threat, highlighting the importance of embracing community participation to address accelerating poverty and malnutrition. Innovative strategies are required for the conservation of Africa’s mammals, such as the integration of a wide range of species in the production landscape, including the farming community. Transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) have been established with the combined objectives of conserving biodiversity, creating new jobs in the tourism and wildlife industry, and promoting a culture of peace. These areas extend far beyond traditional national parks, providing opportunities for integrating large mammals into sustainable land-use practices, at the same time as addressing some of the continent’s more pressing socioeconomic needs. Research on African mammals will inevitably have to change direction to accommodate the growing threats and changed circumstances. Priorities will include the identification of corridors associated with TFCA establishment, the determination of the economic value of certain species in consumptive use programmes, research on contraception as a management option in restricted areas, and further work on the indirect use value of species. There will also be worthwhile opportunities to be pursued with ex situ conservation programmes, but these need to be focussed more efficiently.
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Henley, Michelle D., Robin M. Cook, Anka Bedetti, Jessica Wilmot, Adine Roode, Carlos L. Pereira, João Almeida, and António Alverca. "A Phased Approach to Increase Human Tolerance in Elephant Corridors to Link Protected Areas in Southern Mozambique." Diversity 15, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15010085.

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Pathfinding elephants are moving through human dominated landscapes, often across international boundaries, thereby playing a vital role in connecting protected areas. Their movements are a call to action to not only understand their spatial requirements but to urgently work towards innovative ways to make people’s livelihoods compatible with conservation outcomes so that coexistence and connected landscapes can prevail. We discuss the first three phases of a long-term strategy to conserve elephant corridors whilst incorporating the socio-economic needs of the people that share the landscape with them. We present a comprehensive satellite-tracking history of elephants across two transfrontier conservation areas (TFCA), represented by Great Limpopo- and Lubombo TFCAs and involving four countries (South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Eswatini) to flag where linking corridors exist. We use innovative cafeteria-style experiments to understand which elephant-unpalatable plants would offer lucrative alternative income streams to farmers living in human–elephant-conflict hotspots. The most suitable unpalatable plants are chosen based not only on whether they are unpalatable to elephants, but also on their life history traits and growth prerequisites. We consider a combination of potential economic values (food, essential oil, medicinal and bee fodder value) to ensure that selected plants would accommodate changing economic markets. Lastly, we highlight the importance of combining food security measures with ensuring people’s safety by means of deploying rapid-response units. By implementing these three phases as part of a longer-term strategy, we draw closer to ensuring the protection of bioregions to achieve biodiversity objectives at a landscape scale.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TFCAs"

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Mugadza, Amanda Tapiwa. "Biodiversity conservation through Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) and the rights of local communities : reconciliation through sustainable development / by Amanda Tapiwa Mugadza." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9796.

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This dissertation analyses whether the rights of local communities are being recognised, respected and upheld in TFCAs as a mechanism of biodiversity conservation, and how these rights can be reconciled with a sustainable development approach. This analysis is based on the fact that most TFCAs in the southern African region encompass communal lands where rural communities and, in some instances, indigenous peoples reside. Biodiversity conservation through TFCAs is premised on the understanding that biodiversity conservation is linked with life support systems and human development, and therefore that the TFCA mechanism is a means by which natural resource conservation and ecosystem management is explored simultaneously with human development. However, the key international and regional instruments on biodiversity conservation via TFCAs fail to consistently recognise local community involvement. Through the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park and Greater Mapungubwe GTCFA examples it is established that state parties to TFCAs tend to adopt an outsider’s socio-economic interest in conservation that alienates local communities leaving the latter without formal recognition of their role and rights. A sustainable development approach which appreciates the balance between economic, social and environmental sustainability is proposed as a step towards the realisation of these rights in the TFCAs. The approach of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights in two important decisions pertaining to the rights of local communities and indigenous people is adopted to link the three sustainability pillars to the realisation of the rights of these local communities.
Thesis (LLM (Environmental Law and Governance))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Whande, Webster. "Framing Biodiversity Conservation Discourses in South Africa: Emerging Realities and Conflicting Agendas within the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2711_1280955745.

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This dissertation explores local people's framing of externally driven biodiversity conservation approaches in the context of transfrontier conservation initiatives. It uses data from the Madimbo corridor, a specific locality within the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area, situated to the northeast of South Africa along the South Africa-Zimbabwe boundary. It shows that livelihoods, historical experiences with external interventions and exclusion from policy-making processes and programme implementation influence local strategies for engaging with external interventions. Thus, an analysis of framing of external interventions at a local level should establish the following: the role of natural resources in sustaining local livelihoods
local historical experiences with an external intervention
iii) the nature of multi-level actor interactions from local resource dependent people, to national, regional and global actors involved in or affected by an intervention. The study uses a detailed case study of Bennde Mutale village to trace local people&rsquo
s ideas, ways of speaking and actions in response to the implementation of a large-scale transfrontier conservation initiative. The study finds that local livelihoods play a central role in local responses to the changes that transfrontier conservation bring upon people's lives. Many see further exclusion, while some also see and hope for a restoration of the socio-cultural border region. The globally significant biodiversity - to be conserved for &lsquo
future generations&rsquo
&ndash
at the same time constitutes the natural resources that sustain local people&rsquo
s livelihoods. Further, local livelihoods are more diverse than is commonly acknowledged in literature advocating for transfrontier conservation. This lack of acknowledgement of local diversification contributes to the main observation made in this study: that current processes of transfrontier conservation end up replicating and re-inventing the multiple forms of exclusion that have characterised state conservation practices for over a century. While transfrontier conservation enables the freer movement of wildlife, it in fact further constrains the movements of people whose mobility within less closely controlled border regions remains centrally important to survival. At the same time, state actors come into the area with contradicting and conflicting demands ranging from the beneficial advocacy role for land rights to the enforcement of conservation through fences and game rangers, experienced as a direct infringement on livelihood possibilities. The study concludes that there is a need to rethink transfrontier conservation interventions. The diversity of local livelihood approaches needs to be considered more centrally and clearer understanding needs to be developed of how the promises of opportunities, betterment of lives and increased human mobility actually unfold in practice. In order to succeed and deliver on site - not only to high-class tourists seeking to view unique biodiversity but to local people - transfrontier conservation efforts need to engage multiple actors directly from the ground up and throughout the process of policy-making, programme conceptualisation and implementation.

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Mogende, Emmanuel. "The politics of Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA in Botswana." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23761.

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Transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) are considered the latest evolution of a more holistic approach to transnational environmental management that brings together conservation and development agendas. As part of bio political governance, TFCAs are ecologically, economically and politically motivated. Using a discourse analytical perspective of claims advanced for TFCAs in Southern Africa, this study explores how Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA has been motivated. The study questions the interests of Botswana government participation in the KAZA TFCA and examines the effects of the KAZA TFCA on local communities. This study employs a qualitative approach employing triangulation methods of data collection. KAZA is one of the largest and most ambitious transboundary initiative in the world that stretches across the political borders of five sovereign states. KAZA acknowledges that nature knows no boundaries hence conservation corridors should traverse political boundaries and borders of the state. Against this backdrop, the rationale for KAZA is to provide the large herds of elephants (approximately 120,000) in Botswana with access to large area of grazing land. The study demonstrates how the burgeoning elephant population is inextricably linked with border policing, tourism and conservation. KAZA considers participation and local community involvement in planning and decision making as legitimate for sustainable natural resource management. However, the current realities exist in contrast to these considerations. The study reveals that there is a disparity between theory and practice as KAZA is yet to deliver its promises to the local communities. The thesis asserts that it is critical to view KAZA as a complex, evolving and long-term initiative that will be interesting to follow in the future.
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Webster, Kelly Celeste. "Expanding the Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA: Experiences from Botswana." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31304.

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Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) have emerged in recent years to become an important means of governing conservation land across the national boundaries of contemporary states. Southern Africa’s TFCAs have developed as ‘new conservation’ spaces, which are considered to promote a more holistic approach to managing protected areas by effectively integrating conservation and development ideals. However, these initiatives require complex management structures that extend across and engage with a complex mosaic of land uses, while effectively trying to reconcile diverse ecological, social, and economic agendas. The Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA is the largest of these initiatives extending across the borders of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. This research traces the expansion of the TFCA from its formation in 2003 to 2018, with a particular focus on its land integration and resource management processes in Botswana. To examine this expansion, this research utilizes the concept of ‘territory’ as a lens of land control which draws attention to the ways in which land within various spaces is valued, utilized and accessed. For this research, territory provides a useful perspective with which land and resource valuation, land-use conflict and resource rights within the TFCA’s boundaries can be critically engaged with. In order to better understand the territorial expansion processes of the TFCA, this research examines firstly, the objectives of the Botswana state in terms of the growth of the TFCA; secondly, the motives behind the expansion processes; thirdly, the ways in which land under various tenure regimes is involved within the expansion processes; and finally, the impacts of these processes on local communities within these areas. The methodology adopted in this research involves (a) document analysis primarily focused on Botswana’s Integrated Development Plan (IDP) for the KAZA to understand the planned political processes of expansion; (b) GIS mapping activities to identify the areas and types of land tenure that have been integrated into the TFCA; and (c) interviews with stakeholders and local communities to understand the expansion processes on the ground. From this territorial orientation, this research demonstrates how the Botswana state has placed a strong strategic focus on the development of a luxury tourism industry based on wildlife and non-consumptive resource uses. This focus aligns with the growth of the KAZA TFCA in the region, which aims to develop the region’s tourist potential by expanding its conservation estate. Within these processes, land and natural resources are increasingly being seen as a means of revenue and capital accumulation in the KAZA region. These revaluations of land and resources have translated into changing land dynamics in areas that have been integrated into the TFCA. For communities in these areas, this has resulted in increasing resource restrictions, land-use and human-wildlife conflict, as well as a disengagement from resource management activities. These processes lead to unintended consequences in that they pit local communities against conservation agendas in the area.
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Pettersson, Rebecka. "Power of the people : A study of the community involvement in the TFCA process in Swaziland." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21726.

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Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in southern Africa are often connected with forced resettlement, marginalization and exclusion from the decision-making process of the local community. Therefore this study investigates the level and kind of community involvement in the TFCA process in Swaziland by performing nine semi-structured interviews in five different communities. The results show that the TFCA process in Swaziland is not quite like the situation described in the rest of southern Africa. They demonstrate that although the community projects in Swaziland’s TFCAs might not be completely gender sensitive and still have to develop in terms of their sustainability, they are on the right track. Most communities are autonomous regarding the governance of their development, either through community boards or traditional structures. Additionally, it is obvious that there are a lot of ideas on and possibilities for development in the communities that need to be encouraged.
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Simmons, Steven A. "Analysis and prototyping of the United States Marine Corps Total Force Administration System (TFAS), Echelon II : a web enabled database for the small unit leader /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FSimmons%5FSteven.pdf.

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Matos, Elmer Agostinho Carlos de. "A Nova abordagem de gestão de áreas de conservação e suas implicações socioespaciais : o caso de Chimanimani no centro de Moçambique." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29553.

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A presente pesquisa analisa a produção do território de conservação sob as influências de diversos atores localizados a diferentes escalas de poder e gestão. A partir da abordagem de Territorialização – Desterritorialização – Reterritorialização, analisa-se a passagem de Chimanimani como uma área comunitária, formada por várias comunidades, cuja identidade encontra-se sacralizada nos diversos locais sagrados da área, para um território de conservação, que implicou na (re)estruturação do espaço para atender ao ecoturismo e a conservação. As transformações que ocorreram e que estão ocorrendo em Chimanimani são parte de um processo global, iniciado nos finais da década de 80 com a introdução dos Programas de Reabilitação Econômica. Estas transformações submeteram o local ao global e deslocaram a comanda da área para outras escalas de poder e gestão. As transformações pelas quais Chimanimani foi passando implicaram numa transição da agricultura como a base de sobrevivência para o ecoturismo. A dependência ao ecoturismo como a atividade que melhor compatibiliza a exploração dos recursos naturais numa área de conservação parece não encontrar um enquadramento na dinâmica da atividade turística em Moçambique, que tem como preferência o turismo de “sol e praia”. Como dinamizar o turismo em áreas de conservação é um desafio para a realidade moçambicana, cujas condições dificultam o desenvolvimento do ecoturismo em áreas distantes da região costeira. Dentro desse dilema, propõe-se o Turismo Social como uma possibilidade para o desenvolvimento do turismo nas áreas de conservação.
This research analyses the production of the conservation territory under influences of various actors located at different scales of power and management. From the approaches Territorialization – Desterritorialization – Reterritorialization, we analyze the transition of Chimanimani as a community area, formed by several communities, whose identity is enshrined in the various sacred sites of area, to a conservation area, which resulted in (re)structuring space to answer conservation and ecotourism. Transformations that occurred and are occurring in Chimanimani are part of an overall process, begun in the late 80’s with the introduction o Economic Rehabilitation Programs. These changes submitted the place to the global and moved the command of the area for other scales of power and management. These transformations which Chimanimani are involved implicated a transition of the agriculture as the survival base for the ecotourism. The dependence on ecotourism as the activity that better reconcile the exploration of natural resources in an area of conservation does not seem to find a framework in the dynamics of tourism in Mozambique, which is preferably tourism “Sun and sand”. How to boost tourism in conservation areas is a challenge for the Mozambican reality, whose conditions make it difficult to ecotourism development in remote areas far from the coastal region. In this dilemma, it is proposed Social Tourism as a possibility for the development of tourism in conservation areas.
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Rumčikaitė, Monika. "Finansinių priemonių atskleidimas apskaitoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20140625_185715-69175.

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Dinamiškas tarptautinių finansų rinkų pobūdis įtakojo tai, jog imta plačiai naudoti įvairiausias finansines priemones: nuo paprastų tradicinių priemonių, tokių kaip obligacijos, iki įvairiausių formų išvestinių priemonių, tokių kaip palūkanų normų apsikeitimo sandoriai. Tiek viešojo tiek privataus sektoriaus ūkio subjektai savo veikloje naudoja įvairiausias finansines priemones, pradedant paprasčiausiomis, tokiomis kaip mokėtinos ir gautinos sumos, ir baigiant sudėtingesnėmis priemonėmis- valiutų apsikeitimo sandoriai, kuriais apsidraudžiami įsipareigojimai užsienio valiuta. Finansinių instrumentų naujovės padėjo efektyviau paskirstyti riziką tarp skolininkų ir investuotojų. Tačiau kai kurie finansiniai instrumentai gali būti susiję su sandoriais, kurie daro įtakos bendrovės atskaitomybei ir ji nebeparodo tikrosios bendrovės finansinės padėties. Taigi iškyla problema- kaip tinkamai atskleisti ir pateikti finansinius instrumentus, siekiant informuoti suinteresuotus asmenis dėl tikros bendrovės ekonominės būklės. Ženklus finansinių priemonių naudojimo augimas paskatino užsienio autorius nagrinėti finansinių instrumentų atskleidimą ir pateikimą, kai tuo tarpu Lietuvoje dar tik pradedama taikyti finansinių instrumentų pateikimo praktika. TASV išleido standartus, kaip turi būti pateikiamos finansinės priemonės, tačiau bendrovėms visgi iškyla problema: koks yra išvestinių priemonių poveikis įmonių veiklai ir kaip tam tikri išvestiniai instrumentai susiję su tam tikra rizika. Tyrimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The dynamic nature of international financial markets led the wide-ranging using of full range of financial instruments, from simple traditional instruments such as bonds, to various forms of derivatives such as interest rate swaps. Such public and such private sector entities in their activities using a wide range of financial instruments, beginning such as payables and receivables, and ending with complex instruments, foreign exchange transactions in which hedged foreign currency liabilities. Financial instruments innovation contributed more efficient allocation of risk between borrowers and investors. However, some financial instruments may involve transactions that affect the company's accounts and it don’t show the true financial position. This raises the problem-how to detect and provide the financial instruments in order to inform stakeholders of a company's economic condition. Significant financial instrument using growth led foreign authors encouraged the financial instruments disclosure and presentation, while in Lithuania is just the beginning of financial instruments practice. The IASB has released standards for financial instruments disclosure, but companies still poses problems: what is the derivatives influence to the businesses and how some certain derivatives are associated with some risk. The object of research - the financial instruments accounting. The aim – to disclose the presentation of financial instruments, which reflect the true and fair the... [to full text]
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Books on the topic "TFCAs"

1

Tax-Free Saving Accounts: How TFSAs can make you rich. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Portfolio Penguin, 2013.

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Pape, Gordon. Tax-free savings accounts: A guide to TFSAs and how they can make you rich. Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2009.

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Payment system users manual for letter of credit Treasury Financial Communications System (LOC-TFCS) recipients. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, 1986.

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Tanzania financial accounting standards (TFAS). 3rd ed. Dar es Salaam: National Board of Accountants and Auditors, 2003.

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Natural Resources Management Project (Indonesia), ed. Institutional challenges to developing traditional forest areas (TFAs): Input for a TFA proposal. Jakarta: Associates in Rural Development for Office of Agro-Enterprise and Environment, USAID, 1995.

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Who Was Who in America With World Notables, 1607-1993 (Set Cannot Be Added to Tfcs Due to Price, Order Using Copyoff!!). Marquis Who's Who, 1993.

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Analysis and Prototyping of the United States Marine Corps Total Force Administration System (TFAS), Echelon II - A Web Enabled Database for the Small Unit Leader. Storming Media, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "TFCAs"

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Li, Zihan, Dihan Li, Cangbai Xu, Weice Wang, Qingqi Hong, Qingde Li, and Jie Tian. "TFCNs: A CNN-Transformer Hybrid Network for Medical Image Segmentation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 781–92. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15937-4_65.

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Andersson, Jens A., Vupenyu Dzingirai, and David H. M. Cumming. "TFCAs and the invisible peoples." In Transfrontier Conservation Areas, 12–24. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315147376-2.

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Cumming, David H. M., Vupenyu Dzingirai, and Garine-Wichatitsky Michel de. "Land- and natural resource-based livelihood opportunities in TFCAs." In Transfrontier Conservation Areas, 163–91. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315147376-9.

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Cumming, David H. M., Jens A. Andersson, Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky, Vupenyu Dzingirai, and Ken E. Giller. "Whither TFCAs and people on the edge in Southern Africa?" In Transfrontier Conservation Areas, 192–203. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315147376-10.

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Webb, Scott A., and Gordon Neil Holen. "Total Facet Arthroplasty System (TFAS)." In Motion Preservation Surgery of the Spine, 565–76. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-3994-5.10073-0.

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"46 Total Facet Arthroplasty System (TFAS)." In Dynamic Reconstruction of the Spine: The Basic Guide, edited by Daniel H. Kim, Frank P. Cammisa, and Richard G. Fessler. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-55609.

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"Tourism in Transfrontier Conservation Areas: The Kavango–Zambezi TFCA." In Responsible Tourism, 215–32. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849772396-18.

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"Cited waterbird species in the southern KAZA TFCA alongside the categorized uses." In Fundamentals of Tropical Freshwater Wetlands, 793–96. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822362-8.00042-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "TFCAs"

1

Kim, Sejeong, Baek-Sik Son, Hee-Tae Jung, and Yong-Hee Lee. "Generation of optical vortex array from Toric Focal Conic Domains (TFCDs)." In 2012 Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oecc.2012.6276389.

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Crawford, Susan L., Anthony D. Cinson, Traci L. Moran, Matthew S. Prowant, Aaron A. Diaz, and Michael T. Anderson. "Ultrasonic Phased Array Evaluations of Implanted and In-Situ Grown Flaws in Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressurizer Surge Line Piping." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57909.

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A set of circumferentially oriented thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) were implanted into three cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pressurizer (PZR) surge-line specimen welds (pipe-to-elbow configuration) that were salvaged from a U.S. commercial nuclear power plant that had not been operated. Thus, these welds were fabricated using vintage CASS materials that were formed in the 1970s. Additionally, in-situ grown TFCs were placed in the adjacent CASS base material of one of these specimens. Ultrasonic phased-array responses from both types of flaws (implanted and in-situ grown) were analyzed for detection and characterization based on sizing and signal-to-noise determination. Multiple probes were employed covering the 0.8 to 2.0 MHz frequency range. To further validate the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) findings, an independent in-service inspection (ISI) supplier evaluated the flaws with their American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code, Section XI, Appendix VIII-qualified procedure. The results obtained by PNNL personnel compared favorably to the ISI supplier results. All examined flaws were detected and sized within the ASME Code-allowable limits.
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Padimiti, Dwaraka S., Michael B. Christian, and Jukka Jarvinen. "Effective transient-free capacitor switching (TFCS) for large motor starting on MV systems." In 2017 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference (PCIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.2017.8188730.

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Hill, Michael J., Kemal Aygun, and Kaladhar Radhakrishnan. "Microprocessor Package Embedded Thin Film Capacitor for Power Delivery Improvement." In ASME 2011 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2011-52254.

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The need for better high frequency performance, improved I/O power decoupling, and introduction of multi-chip processors are just some of the drivers for developing embedded capacitor technologies. One new technology, the Thin Film Embedded Package Capacitor (TFC) can target an improvement in the high frequency performance of the microprocessor power delivery network. Using this technology prototype packages for an Intel Microprocessor were fabricated and the impedance of the power delivery network (PDN) measured. The packages with the embedded TFCs demonstrated a reduction by more than a factor of 2 in the high frequency power delivery network impedance, and correspondingly improved voltage droop.
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Diaz, Aaron A., Anthony D. Cinson, Susan L. Crawford, Traci L. Moran, and Michael T. Anderson. "An Ultrasonic Phased Array Evaluation of Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressurizer Surge Line Piping Welds." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25799.

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A set of circumferentially oriented thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) were implanted into three cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pressurizer (PZR) surge-line specimens (pipe-to-elbow welds) that were fabricated using vintage CASS materials formed in the 1970s, and flaw responses from these cracks were used to evaluate detection and sizing performance of the phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) methods applied. Four different custom-made PA probes were employed in this study, operating nominally at 800 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.5 MHz, and 2.0 MHz center frequencies. The CASS PZR surge-line specimens were polished and chemically etched to bring out the microstructures of both pipe and elbow segments. Additional studies were conducted and documented to address baseline CASS material noise and observe possible ultrasonic beam redirection phenomena.
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Zelada, Giuliana A., and Sean M. Homem. "Underpinning a Boston Landmark for the Ages: The First Church of Christ, Scientist (TFCCS), the Original Mother Church (TOMC), Foundation Repairs." In Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480465.031.

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Steciuk, Paul B., Greg Bow, Dwaraka S. Padimiti, and Frederick D. Painter. "Practical Application of Transient-Free Capacitor Switch (TFCS) Technology for Starting Large Induction Motors at a Texas Natural Gas Processing Plant." In 2019 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcic30934.2019.9074495.

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