Journal articles on the topic 'Texture'
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1
Jamwal, Gourav, Sanjay Sharma, and R. K. Awasthi. "The dynamic performance analysis of chevron shape textured hydrodynamic bearings." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 72, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-05-2019-0172.
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Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the various dynamic performance parameters of hydrodynamic journal bearings. For this, the bearing’s inner surface is textured with chevron-shaped textures with different texture depths and number of textures in different regions/locations. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, the effect of chevron-shaped texture having different values of texture depths, locations and number of textures has been numerically simulated. The dynamic performance characteristics have been calculated by solving the fluid flow governing Reynolds equation using the finite element method, assuming iso-viscous and Newtonian fluid. Findings The obtained results indicate that the bearing stability can be improved with the help of surface texture. Among all the investigated texture locations, the maximum increase in stability threshold speed is observed for fully textured distribution. Moreover, for the chevron-shaped texture considered in the present study, the optimum values of texture depth and number of textures have also been determined for maximum bearing stability. Practical implications While designing, designers should focus on those optimum values of texture depth, texture location and number of textures which lead to maximum enhancement in bearing stability. Originality/value This study is useful in the appropriate selection of chevron-shaped texture parameters on bearing surface for the maximum bearing stability.
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Yang, Na, Chiemi Oka, Seiichi Hata, and Junpei Sakurai. "Fabrication of textured substrates for dye-sensitized solar cells using polydimethylsiloxane nanoimprint lithography." Advanced Optical Technologies 8, no. 6 (December 18, 2019): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2019-0010.
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Abstract We proposed a fabrication of nanoimprinted textures on a front glass/transparent conductive oxide interface for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These textures were fabricated through polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanoimprint lithography on organosilsesquioxane solution. The texture structures were estimated via optical simulation. Master molds were anodic aluminum oxide templates with nano-texture (N-Tx) and micro-nano double texture (D-Tx). Meanwhile, replicate molds used a hard PDMS. Fluorine-doped tin oxide and titanium dioxide were deposited on textured glass substrates to generate electrodes for DSSCs. Unlike the DSSCs without texture, textured DSSCs realized 11.4% (N-Tx) and 10% (D-Tx) improvement in conversion efficiency.
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Gao, Lin, Tong Wu, Yu-Jie Yuan, Ming-Xian Lin, Yu-Kun Lai, and Hao Zhang. "TM-NET." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 6 (December 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478513.3480503.
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We introduce TM-NET, a novel deep generative model for synthesizing textured meshes in a part-aware manner. Once trained, the network can generate novel textured meshes from scratch or predict textures for a given 3D mesh, without image guidance. Plausible and diverse textures can be generated for the same mesh part, while texture compatibility between parts in the same shape is achieved via conditional generation. Specifically, our method produces texture maps for individual shape parts, each as a deformable box, leading to a natural UV map with limited distortion. The network separately embeds part geometry (via a PartVAE) and part texture (via a TextureVAE) into their respective latent spaces, so as to facilitate learning texture probability distributions conditioned on geometry. We introduce a conditional autoregressive model for texture generation, which can be conditioned on both part geometry and textures already generated for other parts to achieve texture compatibility. To produce high-frequency texture details, our TextureVAE operates in a high-dimensional latent space via dictionary-based vector quantization. We also exploit transparencies in the texture as an effective means to model complex shape structures including topological details. Extensive experiments demonstrate the plausibility, quality, and diversity of the textures and geometries generated by our network, while avoiding inconsistency issues that are common to novel view synthesis methods.
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Riesebeck, Florian, Florian Mathies, Danbi Yoo, Sergei Trofimov, Eva Unger, and Christiane Becker. "Investigation of perovskite layer growth from solution on textured substrates." EPJ Photovoltaics 15 (2024): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2024017.
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Surface textures are indispensable to minimize optical losses in perovskite-based solar cells. However, the solution-processing of perovskite layers is often not compatible with textured substrates, and little is known about the film growth thereon. This study aims to elucidate the growth process of perovskite layers from solution on textured substrates and to identify the texture features ensuring compatibility with perovskite solution-processing. Using nanoimprint-lithography we prepared three different periodically as well as randomly textured glass substrates for spin-coated perovskite solar cells, of which one was duplicated from a commercially available texture. During the perovskite crystallization process, a time-resolved in situ photoluminescence measurement was conducted. The photoluminescence signal was not found to substantially alter using textured substrates with texture heights around 500 nm. Optical absorptance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic imaging were applied to investigate the growth, crystal structure, and optical properties of solution-processed perovskite on top of different textures. We find that periodic textures with height around 500 nm enable homogeneous solution-processed perovskite layers with optimized optical performance. In contrast, texture heights of several micrometers lead to macroscopic holes in the perovskite film. The results of this study will help to find optimum optical textures for high-efficiency perovskite single-junction and perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells.
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Li, Chenchen, Xuefeng Yang, Shouren Wang, Yanjun Wang, Chongyang Lu, and Jinlong Cao. "Study on Friction and Lubrication Characteristics of Surface with Unidirectional Convergence Texture." Coatings 9, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120780.
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In order to study the influence of texture on the wear and lubrication performance of the surface of the tools, three kinds of textures with unidirectional convergence morphology were processed on the surface of the samples, and each texture was designed with different area occupancy ratios. Simulation analysis shows that, owing to the reflow and convection effect of liquid in the texture, the lubricating film flowing through the textured surface has a high hydrodynamic pressure value, and the semicircular ring texture is the most prominent. By comparing the friction coefficient, when the area occupancy ratio of texture on the surface is 10%, the surface of the samples with different morphology has the lowest coefficient of friction; the friction coefficient of the semicircular ring textured surface is especially very low. Surface textures reduce the direct contact area between the friction pairs, and generate dynamic pressure lubrication and secondary lubrication, so that the surface friction coefficient of the samples is obviously reduced. The surfaces of the non-textured samples have abrasive wear and contact fatigue wear, and the surfaces of the textured samples have adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and cavitation.
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Zheng, Minli, Chunsheng He, and Shucai Yang. "Optimization of Texture Density Distribution of Carbide Alloy Micro-Textured Ball-End Milling Cutter Based on Stress Field." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030818.
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The insertion of micro-textures plays a role in reducing friction and increasing wear resistance of the cutters, which also has a certain impact on the stress field of the cutter during milling. Therefore, in order to study the mechanisms of friction reduction and wear resistance of micro-textured cutters in high speed cutting of titanium alloys, the dynamic characteristics of the instantaneous stress field during the machining of titanium alloys with micro-textured cutters were studied by changing the distribution density of the micro-textures on the cutter. First, the micro-texture insertion area of the ball-end milling cutter was theoretically analyzed. Then, variable density micro-textured ball-end milling cutters and non-texture cutters were used to cut titanium alloy, and the mathematical model of milling force and cutter-chip contact area was established. Then, the stress density functions of different micro-texture density cutters and non-texture cutters were established to simulate the stress fields of variable density micro-textured ball-end milling cutters and non-texture cutters. Finally, the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the variable density distribution of micro-textured cutters in which the instantaneous stress field of the cutters was taken as the optimization objective. The optimal solution for the variable density distribution of the micro-textured cutter in the cutter-chip tight contact area was obtained as follows: the texture distribution densities in the first, second, and third areas are second, and third areas are 0.0905, 0.0712, and 0.0493, respectively.
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Bhaumik, Shubrajit, Viorel Paleu, Dhrubajyoti Chowdhury, Adarsh Batham, Udit Sehgal, Basudev Bhattacharya, Chiradeep Ghosh, and Shubhabrata Datta. "Tribological Investigation of Textured Surfaces in Starved Lubrication Conditions." Materials 15, no. 23 (November 27, 2022): 8445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238445.
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The present work investigates the friction reduction capability of two types of micro-textures (grooves and dimples) created on steel surfaces using a vertical milling machine. The wear studies were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer, with the results indicating a better friction reduction capacity in the case of the dimple texture as compared to the grooved texture. The microscopic images of the pin surface revealed deep furrows and significant damage on the pin surfaces of the groove-textured disc. An optimization of the textured surfaces was performed using an artificial neural network (ANN) model, predicting the influence of the surface texture as a function of the load, depth of cut and distance between the micro-textures.
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Sharma, Sanjay, Gourav Jamwal, and R. K. Awasthi. "Numerical study on steady state performance enhancement of partial textured hydrodynamic journal bearing." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, no. 9 (November 4, 2019): 1055–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-03-2019-0083.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide the various steady state parameters of hydrodynamic journal bearings have been determined to get maximum performance enhancement ratio. For this, the bearings inner surface is textured with triangular shape with different texture depths and a number of textures in pressure increasing region. The textured region acts as a lubricant reservoir, which provides additional film-thickness and reduce friction. Therefore, enhance the overall performance of bearing. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, the effect of triangular shaped texture on the static performance characteristics of a hydrodynamic journal bearing has been studied. Different values of texture depths and a number of textures have been numerically simulated in pressure developing region. The static performance characteristics have been calculated by solving the fluid flow governing Reynolds equation using the finite element method, assuming iso-viscous Newtonian fluid. The performance enhancement ratio, which is the ratio of load carrying capacity (LCC) to the coefficient of friction (COF) has been calculated from results to finalized optimum design parameters. Findings The paper provides numerically obtained results indicate that surface texturing can improve bearing performance if the textured region is placed in the pressure increasing region. Moreover, surface texturing is the most effective at bearing performance enhancement when the bearing operates at lower eccentricity ratios and texture depth. The performance enhancement ratio, which is the ratio of LCC to the COF is found to be a maximum value of 2.198 at texture depth of 1.5, eccentricity ratio of 0.2 and the textured region located in the increasing pressure region. Research limitations/implications The present study is based on a numerical based research approach, which has its limitations. So, researchers are encouraged to investigate the same work experimentally. Practical implications The paper includes implications to be beneficial for designers for designing better hydrodynamic journal bearings. Originality/value For the triangular shaped texture, considered in the present study, the optimum values of texture depth and texture distribution region have also been determined. While designing, designers should focus on those values of texture depth, texture region and a number of textures, which give the maximum value of performance enhancement ratio, which represents maximum LCC at the lowest value of the COF.
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Cai, Chunbo, Zesheng Ji, Huajun Zhang, and Guojun Wang. "Study on the Microstructure and Texture of 3003 Aluminum Sheets Rolled by Laser-Textured Roll." Journal of Metallurgy 2009 (May 31, 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/587938.
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In order to improve the surface quality and formability of 3003 aluminum alloy sheet, laser-textured rolls are used in cold rolling. The influences of the cold rolling procedures with conventional and laser-textured rolls on the evolution of microstructure and texture were studied by the means of microstructural observations and X-ray texture analysis. Experimental results show that the microstructures are similar besides the samples rolled with laser-textured rolls containing a relatively larger amount of shear bands. The sheets deformed with conventional rolls have developed the typical rolling textures of FCC metals, which consist of Bs, Cu, and S components. However, the rolling textures of the sheets rolled with laser-textured rolls are comparatively weak, and the shear texture {001}〈110〉 is developed on the surface layer, but not observed in the intermediate layer of the sheet. The intensity of the rotated cube orientation increases with the increase of rolling reduction and then decreases after 90% rolling reduction.
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Hemalatha, S., and S. Margret Anouncia. "A Computational Model for Texture Analysis in Images with Fractional Differential Filter for Texture Detection." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 7, no. 2 (July 2016): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaci.2016070105.
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This paper is dedicated to the modelling of textured images influenced by fractional derivatives for texture detection. As most of the images contain textures, texture analysis becomes the most important for image understanding and it is a key solution for many computer vision applications. Hence, texture must be suitably detected and represented. Nevertheless, existing texture detection algorithms consider texture as a unique feature from edges. The proposed model explores a novel way of developing texture detection algorithm by mimicking edge detection algorithms. The method assumes that texture feature is analogous to edges and thus, the time complexity is reduced significantly. The model proposed in this work is based on Gaussian kernel smoothing, Fractional partial derivatives and a statistical approach. It is justified to be robust to noisy images and possesses statistical interpretation. The model is validated by the classification experiments on different types of textured images from Brodatz album. It achieves higher classification accuracy than the existing methods.
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Xing, You Qiang, Jian Xin Deng, Ze Wu, and Yun Song Lian. "Friction and Wear Behavior of Textured Al2O3/TiC Ceramic Surface Filled with MoS2 Solid Lubricants." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.35.
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Three different textures were produced by Laser Surface Texturing (LST) on Al2O3/TiC ceramic surfaces. MoS2 solid lubricants were filled into the textures. The friction and wear properties of textured and untextured surfaces were investigated by carrying out sliding tests against AISI440C stainless steel balls. Results showed that the textured surfaces filled with MoS2 solid lubricants exhibited lower friction coefficient and excellent anti-wear properties compared with untextured surfaces. At the texture spacing of 100μm, 150μm and 200μm, wavy textured surface had the lowest friction coefficient, while it was the dimpled surface at the texture spacing of 250μm. MoS2 film in the spaces between the textures was formed by mechanical engagement of particles in the rough surfaces and solid lubricants in textures. The friction coefficient and wear rates were reduced by supply of solid lubricants from the textures to the surfaces, bulges around the textures and TiO2 formed after laser texturing.
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Vignesh, G., and Debabrata Barik. "An Experimental Investigation of Dimple-Texturing on the Tribological Performance of Hardened AISI H-13 Steel." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 6391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.1.2022.03.0722.
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The fabrication of dimple-texture is essential for reducing friction and wear in frictional interaction pairs. The tribological characteristics of the frictional interaction pairs can be improved by controlling the dimple pattern, the depth to diameter ratio, and the area density ratio. In this study, the tribological characteristics of tungsten carbide discs with various dimple-texture patterns and hardened AISI H-13 steel pins are tested experimentally using a pin on disc wear tester to identify the wear mechanism. Laser marking technology was utilized to fabricate the dimple-textures such as circular arrays of the honeycomb pattern and spherical dimple-texture pattern with varying area density ratios. The impact of dimple-texture patterns is examined experimentally under dry testing conditions. Dimple-textured surfaces have a positive influence as compared to non-textured smooth surfaces. Particularly, the spherical dimple-textured pattern reduces frictional coefficient and wear rate by 45% and 51%, respectively, compared to non-textured smooth surfaces. The dimple-texture pattern and area density ratio control are essential features in dimple-texturing.
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Lin, Qiyin, and Baotong Li. "Comparison of the Influences of Surface Texture and Boundary Slip on Tribological Performances." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/126824.
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Close attentions have been widely paid to the engineering textured and slip surfaces for improving bearing tribological performances. Comparison studies on the tribological characteristics of slip and textured surfaces are carried out in this work. The analysis results point out that the influences of surface texture and boundary slip on tribological performances of slider bearing are strongly similar. For the determinate surface textures, there is one and only value of slip velocity to make the tribological performances of textured and slip surfaces in agreement. The corresponding relation between the slip velocity and the texture structure parameters is also obtained, and the size of slip velocity is directly related to the texture geometry parameters including its position parameters. This study will help us to further understand the relationship between boundary slip and surface texture and also the slip phenomenon.
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Sugihara, Tatsuya, Toshiyuki Enomoto, Satoshi Yukinaga, Kenji Hirose, and Urara Satake. "Improving Anti-Adhesion in Cutting of Aluminum Alloy by Micro Stripe Texture – Considering Texture Combination." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1092.
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In cutting of aluminum alloys, one of the most serious problems is chip adhesion to cutting tool surface, often leading to tool failure, above all, in dry cutting. To address this problem, we adopted surface engineering approach, namely, a functionalization of tool surfaces by textures. In our previous research, we have developed the DLC-coated cutting tool with nano/micro-textured surfaces and the cutting tool with micro stripe textured surface formed using femtosecond laser technology. Face-milling experiments on aluminum alloys showed that the nano/micro-textured surface suppresses the genesis of adhesion at the atomic level. On the other hand, it was found that micro stripe texture prevents chip adhesion from growing larger even in dry cutting conditions. In this study, a cutting tool with new textured surface combined nano/micro texture and micro stripe texture was developed in order to further improve anti-adhesiveness in cutting of aluminum alloys. As a result, it was confirmed that the combined texture brings excellent anti-adhesion compared to the previously developed tools.
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Hao, Shujia, Mingyun Wen, and Kyungeun Cho. "Method for Generating Panoramic Textures for 3D Face Reconstruction Based on the 3D Morphable Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 10020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910020.
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Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques are playing an increasingly important role in education and entertainment. Real and recognizable avatars can enhance the immersion and interactivity of virtual systems. In 3D face modeling technology, face texture carries vital face recognition information. Therefore, this study proposes a panoramic 3D face texture generation method for 3D face reconstruction from a single 2D face image based on a 3D Morphable model (3DMM). Realistic and comprehensive panoramic facial textures can be obtained using generative networks as texture converters. Furthermore, we propose a low-cost method for generating face texture datasets for data collection. Experimental results show that the proposed method can generate panoramic face textures for 3D face meshes from a single image input, resulting in the final generation of textured 3D models that look realistic from different viewpoints.
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Lluscà, Marta, Aldrin Antony, and Joan Bertomeu. "Growth and Properties of ZnO:Al on Textured Glass for Thin Film Solar Cells." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/406495.
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Aluminium induced texturing (AIT) method has been used to texture glass substrates in order to enhance the photon absorption in thin film solar cells. The resultant glass roughness has been analyzed by varying the AIT process parameters and it has been found that the deposition method of Al is a decisive factor in tuning the texture. Two types of textures, a soft (texture E) and a rough texture (texture S), were achieved from the thermally evaporated and sputtered Al layers through AIT process. Aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO) layers of different thickness were deposited over both textures and over smooth glass. Haze values above 30% were obtained for texture S + AZO and above 10% for texture E + AZO. The resultant morphologies were free from sharp edges or deep valleys and the transparency and the resistivity values were also good enough to be used as front contact for thin film solar cells. In order to demonstrate the light absorption enhancement in a solar cell device, 200 nm of a-Si:H followed by 300 nm of Ag were grown over the textured and smooth substrates with AZO, and an optical absorption enhancement of 35% for texture E and 53% for texture S was obtained in comparison to the smooth substrate.
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Wang, Ze-Sheng, Fu-Qin Yang, Yu-Meng Song, and Xiao-Jie Han. "Performance of the Internal Mixer’s end Face Mechanical Seal with Isosceles Right Triangle Textures." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2023): 1057–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2023.3489.
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To improve the sealing performance and prolong the service life of the internal mixer’s end face mechanical seal, the surface texture technology was introduced to the end face mechanical seal in this paper. Different arrangements of isosceles right triangle textures were designed on the rotating sealing ring to study the effects of texture parameters and working parameters on the performance of the textured mechanical seal. The results indicate that under steady-state conditions, different arrangements of isosceles right triangle textures produce obvious hydrodynamic pressure effects and cause the mechanical seal to produce oil film capacity. Meanwhile, the Rt2 arrangement mechanical seal can obtain the lowest end leakage. What’s more, Rt1, Rt2, Rt3, and Rt4 arrangements show better sealing performance when their texture area ratio Sp = 21%, 39%, 21%, 30%, respectively, so do the four arrangements when their texture depths hp = 2∼4 μm. Appropriately reducing the rotor speed n and increasing lubricant viscosity η is helpful to improve the work performance of the textured mechanical seal. Under unsteady-state conditions, the maximum oil film pressure, leakage, friction coefficient and sealing gap of the textured mechanical seal change periodically with the load. When hp = 3 μm, the Rt2 arrangement has lower leakage and friction coefficient. Further, lower speed and lubricant viscosity are beneficial to reducing the leakage and friction of the textured mechanical seal of the internal mixer.
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Mao, Yang, and Zhongwei Yin. "Modeling and experiments of cavitation on a pocket-textured surface." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 234, no. 1 (June 8, 2019): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650119855903.
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A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model was developed and an experiment was performed to investigate the role of pocket texture on fully lubricated motion with the cavitation effect. This paper discusses the cavitated simulation models and experiments to describe texture cavitation to solve the lubricating properties of the textured friction pair. The effects of velocity and texture scale on the support force and friction coefficient are discussed. It was found that the results of the two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model with cavitation are nearly consistent with the experimental results; the hydrodynamic pressure decreased and the sliding speed dropped, and the effect of pressure became highly pronounced with ideal texture size. In addition, the simulation solution can show the internal flow field, and extend the solutions to large-scale textures and multiple textures. Meanwhile, appropriate texture parameters can optimize the friction coefficient and support force. The texture depth ratio plays a more important role on the value of the support force, and the width ratio has a greater influence on the friction coefficient.
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Panigrahi, Dillip K., and Mihir Sarangi. "Tribological performance of positive deterministic textured surfaces in parallel sliding lubricated contacts: Effect of texture size and height." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 234, no. 12 (January 2, 2020): 1908–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650119897479.
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Recent studies in tribology show that deterministic surface texture enhances the tribological performance of parallel sliding lubricated contacts in terms of reduction in friction and an increase in load carrying capacity. This paper presents an experimental study to assess the effect of texture size and height on hydrodynamic performance of parallel sliding thrust bearing. Positive deterministic textures of different size and height with circular, elliptical, square and triangular cross-sections are fabricated for investigation. The experiments are performed using an in-house developed thrust bearing apparatus with constant flow lubrication system. The most important finding is that all the textured surfaces produce lower frictional torque and higher bearing clearance as compared to the untextured surface under varying load and speed. From the test results, it is found that with same texture height, specimens having small texture size perform better tribological characteristics followed by medium and large size textures. Furthermore, it is reported that with same texture size, a higher value of texture height is promising better hydrodynamic performance for all shapes.
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Watanabe, Takeo, and Patrick Cavanagh. "Texture Laciness: The Texture Equivalent of Transparency?" Perception 25, no. 3 (March 1996): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p250293.
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Displays with overlapping squares of different textures were produced. In some texture combinations, the overlapping area appears to be a new texture. In other combinations, however, one texture is seen through the other as if it were inscribed on a transparent sheet and held in front of the other. This phenomenon can be called texture laciness. It is claimed that texture laciness is important because in the natural world we frequently encounter overlapping textures that we perceive as separate. In examining the conditions that lead to texture laciness, it was found that (1) laciness occurs more strongly with decreasing similarity between elements of two textures, (2) when the elements of the two textures are the same, the overlapped area tends to appear as a new texture, and (3) the physical overlapping of the individual elements of two textures hinders texture decomposition, irrespective of relative positioning. It is suggested that the textures inducing laciness may be processed as surfaces rather than just collections of identical elements. Texture laciness also reveals that even if ‘antitextons’—the shapes of the spaces between texture elements, which have been regarded as important in texture discrimination — are destroyed by positioning another set of texture elements in the spaces, the textures can remain sufficiently identifiable to be perceived as separate.
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Hu, PengPeng, Taku Komura, Duan Li, Ge Wu, and Yueqi Zhong. "3D textile reconstruction based on KinectFusion and synthesized texture." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 6 (November 6, 2017): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-01-2017-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a novel framework of reconstructing the 3D textile model with synthesized texture. Design/methodology/approach First, a pipeline of 3D textile reconstruction based on KinectFusion is proposed to obtain a better 3D model. Second, “DeepTextures” method is applied to generate new textures for various three-dimensional textile models. Findings Experimental results show that the proposed method can conveniently reconstruct a three-dimensional textile model with synthesized texture. Originality/value A novel pipeline is designed to obtain 3D high-quality textile models based on KinectFusion. The accuracy and robustness of KinectFusion are improved via a turntable. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to explore the synthesized textile texture for the 3D textile model. This is not only simply mapping the texture onto the 3D model, but also exploring the application of artificial intelligence in the field of textile.
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Xu, Yan, Fu-Qin Yang, Jian-Ping Yu, Xiao-Jie Han, and Yu-Meng Song. "Friction and Sealing Performance of the Textured End-Face Seal in the Internal Mixer." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 1487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3336.
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To improve the friction and sealing performance of the end-face seal device in the internal mixer, surface texture technology was introduced into the end-face seal device. Based on the hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the effects of different shape textures on the end-face sealing performance under steady and unsteady conditions were simulated, and friction-wear experiments were carried out by the Swiss Anton Paar Friction-Wear Tester TRB3. The theoretical study indicates that under the same conditions, the friction performance and seal effect of Ellipse⊥ and Triangle⊥ textured end-face seals are better, with lower leakage and better average dimensionless pressure. The experimental study indicates that under the same texture parameters, the Triangle⊥ and Ellipse⊥ textured pins have the lowest friction coefficient when the texture depth is 6 μm and 9 μm respectively, and the texture area ratio is 5.56%. In addition, the Triangle⊥ texture has the best friction performance under lower texture depths and the same area ratio. Therefore, it’s concluded that reasonable texture shapes and parameters can effectively improve the friction and seal performance of the end-face seal device in the internal mixer.
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Wen, Mingyun, Jisun Park, and Kyungeun Cho. "Textured Mesh Generation Using Multi-View and Multi-Source Supervision and Generative Adversarial Networks." Remote Sensing 13, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 4254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214254.
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This study focuses on reconstructing accurate meshes with high-resolution textures from single images. The reconstruction process involves two networks: a mesh-reconstruction network and a texture-reconstruction network. The mesh-reconstruction network estimates a deformation map, which is used to deform a template mesh to the shape of the target object in the input image, and a low-resolution texture. We propose reconstructing a mesh with a high-resolution texture by enhancing the low-resolution texture through use of the super-resolution method. The architecture of the texture-reconstruction network is like that of a generative adversarial network comprising a generator and a discriminator. During the training of the texture-reconstruction network, the discriminator must focus on learning high-quality texture predictions and to ignore the difference between the generated mesh and the actual mesh. To achieve this objective, we used meshes reconstructed using the mesh-reconstruction network and textures generated through inverse rendering to generate pseudo-ground-truth images. We conducted experiments using the 3D-Future dataset, and the results prove that our proposed approach can be used to generate improved three-dimensional (3D) textured meshes compared to existing methods, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Additionally, through our proposed approach, the texture of the output image is significantly improved.
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Choi, Seungmoon, and Hong Z. Tan. "Perceived Instability of Virtual Haptic Texture: III. Effect of Update Rate." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 16, no. 3 (June 1, 2007): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.16.3.263.
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This study investigates the effect of update rate on the quality of haptic virtual textures, with the goal to develop a guideline for choosing an optimal update rate for haptic texture rendering. Two metrics, control stability and perceived quality of the virtual haptic texture, were used. For control stability, we examined the effect of update rate on the “buzzing” of virtual haptic textures. For perceived quality, we measured the discriminability of virtual haptic textures rendered at different update rates. Our study indicates that update rates much higher than the conventional 1 kHz are needed in order to achieve a stable rendering of “clean and hard” textured surfaces. We also found that our ability to distinguish textures rendered with different update rates depends on whether the virtual textures contain perceived instability. Based on these results, we provide a general guideline for selecting an optimal update rate for rendering virtual textured surfaces.
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Sharma, Sanjay, Gourav Jamwal, and Rajeev Kumar Awasthi. "Dynamic and stability performance improvement of the hydrodynamic bearing by using triangular-shaped textures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 234, no. 9 (December 5, 2019): 1436–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650119891513.
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In the present study, the effect of triangular shape textured on the bearing dynamic and stability performance has been investigated. The triangular-shaped texture having variation in their depth size, number of textures, and location has been used in the study to find the stiffness, damping, and stability parameters and compared with un-textured bearing. The pressure and fluid-film thickness in the lubricant flow domain having characteristics of Newtonian and isothermal and which is governed with Reynold's equation have been computed by discretizing the domain into four-nodded quadrilateral isoparametric by using finite element method. Four different cases of texture distribution on the bearing surface have been studied. The study has been carried out considering the bearing operation only under average eccentricity ratios of 0.6. From obtained results, it is found that the value of direct stiffness coefficient and threshold speed is found maximum at lower texture depth and the direct damping coefficient is found maximum at higher value of texture depth corresponding to different texture distribution on the bearing surface. The optimum triangular-shaped textured parameters have been also finalized to get maximum dynamic performance and stability, which may be expected to be valuable for bearing designers. For the purpose of a better insight into the stability aspect of the optimal textured journal bearing, the journal center trajectories are also drawn and compared with un-textured bearing.
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Hu, Yong, and David B. Bogy. "Effects of Laser Textured Disk Surfaces on a Slider’s Flying Characteristics." Journal of Tribology 120, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834421.
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Recently, laser texturing has captured the attention of head/media interface engineers in the hard disk drive industry because it provides precision in the landing zone placement while eliminating the transition zone of a mechanically textured landing zone. It also offers excellent tribological performance in terms of low CSS stiction and good durability. These advantages make it the solution of choice for high-end magnetic hard disk drives. This paper models the effects of laser bumps and laser textured disk surfaces on the Headway AAB slider’s flying characteristics. Two commonly used laser bump profiles (“Sombrero” and “Volcano” types) and various texture patterns are numerically generated in the simulator. The slider’s dynamic responses to these moving laser bumps and textures under two outer rail flying conditions are simulated, and the effects of various bump/texture parameters on the slider’s fly height, pitch, roll and their modulations are discussed. The laser texture mechanism is explained by examining the air bearing pressure profiles induced by the moving laser textures.
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Ma, Yi, Ziang Li, Ziyang Yuan, Xiangkai Meng, Xudong Peng, and Jinbo Jiang. "Multi-Field Coupling Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation of Surface-Textured Metal Seals in Roller Cone Bits." Lubricants 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2024): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12010015.
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Metal seals play a crucial role in ensuring the dependable functioning of the bearing system in roller cone bits. Due to the intricate nature of downhole conditions, the microstructure design of sealing end faces, specifically the surface texture, is rarely used in metal seals. This study focuses on examining the applicability of surface texture technology in metal seals for cone bits to enhance the lubrication characteristics and friction and wear properties of liquid film between end faces. A multi-field coupling model of surface-textured metal seals was established and experimentally verified. The liquid film carrying the capacity and sealing performance of five different shapes of surface-textured end faces (circle, ellipse I (horizontal), ellipse II (vertical), triangle, and chevron) were investigated under varying rotational speeds and environmental pressures. The influences of texture parameters, including depth and area ratio, on the lubrication characteristics and friction reduction effects of surface-textured metal seals were investigated, and the microscopic wear morphology characteristics of the sealing end faces were analyzed. The results show that surface textures can effectively improve the liquid film state and comprehensive performance of metal seals. Specifically, triangle textures significantly enhance the hydrodynamic pressure effect and weaken the abrasive wear and adhesive wear of the end faces. However, when the environmental pressure is p ≥ 30 MPa, the surface textures gradually lose the advantages of dynamic lubrication but can still reduce friction. The proper texture depth and area ratio can achieve zero leakage (obtained theoretically) and minimal friction in metal seals.
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Hüpkes, Jürgen, Gabrielle C. E. Jost, Tsvetelina Merdzhanova, Jorj I. Owen, and Thomas Zimmermann. "Coupling and Trapping of Light in Thin-Film Solar Cells Using Modulated Interface Textures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 21 (November 1, 2019): 4648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9214648.
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Increasing the efficiency of solar cells relies on light management. This becomes increasingly important for thin-film technologies, but it is also relevant for poorly absorbing semiconductors like silicon. Exemplarily, the performance of a-Si:H/µc-Si:H tandem solar cells strongly depends on the texture of the front and rear contact surfaces. The rear contact interface texture usually results from the front surface texture and the subsequent absorber growth. A well-textured front contact facilitates light-coupling to the solar cell and light-trapping within the device. A variety of differently textured ZnO:Al front contacts were sputter deposited and subsequently texture etched. The optical performance of a-Si:H/µc-Si:H tandem solar cells were evaluated regarding the two effects: light-coupling and light-trapping. A connection between the front contact texture and the two optical effects is demonstrated, specifically, it is shown that both are induced by different texture properties. These findings can be transferred to any solar cell technologies, like copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) or perovskites, where light management and modifications of surface textures by subsequent film growth have to be considered. A modulated surface texture of the ZnO:Al front contact was realized using two etching steps. Improved light-coupling and light-trapping in silicon thin-film solar cells lead to 12.5% efficiency.
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Tewelde, Fitsum Berhe, Quentin Allen, and Tianfeng Zhou. "Multiscale Texture Features to Enhance Lubricant Film Thickness for Prosthetic Hip Implant Bearing Surfaces." Lubricants 12, no. 6 (May 27, 2024): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12060187.
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The longevity of prosthetic hip implants is significantly influenced by wear. Surface textures of various length scales can reduce the friction coefficient and wear of lubricated bearing surfaces. The optimization of multiscale texture parameters, aimed at maximizing lubricant film thickness, was achieved through hydrodynamic lubrication simulations that solve the Reynolds equation with a mass-conserving cavitation model under various operating conditions. The outcomes indicate that adding “interstitial” texture features to a pattern of microscale texture features can further increase the lubricant film thickness. Additionally, the lubricant film thickness increases as the interstitial texture feature aspect ratio and texture density decrease. Pin-on-disc experiments align with simulation findings, demonstrating that multiscale texturing with ultra-fast laser ablation on Ti6Al4V discs significantly improves wettability and reduces the friction coefficient of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pins when compared to untextured and microscale textured surfaces. The multiscale surface texturing also changes the evident wear mechanisms on the pins, reducing the incidence of abrasive scratches and adhesive wear compared to both untextured and just microscale textured surfaces.
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Oliveira, Miguel, Gi-Hyun Lim, Tiago Madeira, Paulo Dias, and Vítor Santos. "Robust Texture Mapping Using RGB-D Cameras." Sensors 21, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 3248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093248.
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The creation of a textured 3D mesh from a set of RGD-D images often results in textured meshes that yield unappealing visual artifacts. The main cause is the misalignments between the RGB-D images due to inaccurate camera pose estimations. While there are many works that focus on improving those estimates, the fact is that this is a cumbersome problem, in particular due to the accumulation of pose estimation errors. In this work, we conjecture that camera poses estimation methodologies will always display non-neglectable errors. Hence, the need for more robust texture mapping methodologies, capable of producing quality textures even in considerable camera misalignments scenarios. To this end, we argue that use of the depth data from RGB-D images can be an invaluable help to confer such robustness to the texture mapping process. Results show that the complete texture mapping procedure proposed in this paper is able to significantly improve the quality of the produced textured 3D meshes.
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Bai, Linqing, Jianxin Sun, Pengcheng Zhang, and Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan. "Friction Behavior of a Textured Surface against Several Materials under Dry and Lubricated Conditions." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 11, 2021): 5228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185228.
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This paper reports research on the frictional behavior of a textured surface against several materials under dry and lubricated conditions, and this is aimed to provide design guidelines on the surface texturing for wide-ranging industrial applications. Experiments were performed on a tribo-tester with the facility of simulating A ball-on-plate model in reciprocating motion under dry, oil-lubricated, and water-lubricated conditions. To study the frictional behavior of textured SiC against various materials, three types of ball-bearing –elements, 52100 steel, silicon nitride (Si3N4), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), were used. Friction and wear performance of an un-textured surface and two types of widely used micro-scale texture surfaces, grooves and circular dimples, were examined and compared. The results demonstrated that the effect of surface textures on friction and wear performance is influenced by texture parameters and the materials of friction pairs. The circular-dimple texture and the groove texture, with certain texture parameters, played a positive role in improving friction and wear performance under specific operating conditions used in this research for SiC–steel and SiC–Si3N4 friction pairs; however, there was no friction and wear improvement for the textured SiC–PTFE friction pair. The results of this study offer an understanding and a knowledge base to enhance the performance of bearing elements in complex interacting systems.
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Zhang, Na, Fazhan Yang, Fulin Jiang, and Guohua Liu. "Study of the effect of surface laser texture on tribological properties of cemented carbide materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 6-7 (January 30, 2020): 993–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405419896116.
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Surface texturing has become a potential method to obtain a low friction coefficient under dry/lubricated conditions for different mechanical product surfaces. The mechanism of friction and wear reduction from a micro-texture on the surface of cemented carbide cutting tools was investigated by dry cutting a titanium alloy. Three kinds of micro-textures, namely, line, sinusoidal and rhombic grooves, with different area occupancy rates were produced by a laser on the cemented carbide surface. Experiments and finite element simulation of ABAQUS were used to investigate the tribological characteristics of micro-textured cemented carbide. The results indicated that the line-textured cemented carbide with an area occupancy rate of 10% showed a low friction coefficient of 0.076, which is approximately 34% of the non-textured sample. Few adhesives appeared on the textured surface, while a large number of adhesives were attached to the smooth surface after 30 min of dry friction between the cemented carbide and the titanium alloy balls. Moreover, among the three textures, the line-groove texture has the smallest friction coefficient and a good anti-wear effect. The results show that the existence of a groove texture can effectively reserve the wear debris, reduce the bond wear and weaken the furrow effect.
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Shen, Jinlong, Tong Zhang, Jimin Xu, Xiaojun LIU, and Kun Liu. "Experimental study on friction coefficient and temperature rise of heavy-load grease-lubricated spherical plain bearings with surface texture." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-08-2020-0293.
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Purpose This paper aims to improve the tribological performance of grease-lubricated spherical plain bearings (SPBs) under heavy load, dimple-type textures were prepared by laser on the outer surface of the inner ring. The influence of roughness parameters of a textured surface on reducing friction coefficient and temperature rise was also explored. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a laser processing method to fabricate dimple-type textures. Three-dimensional roughness parameters were used to characterize the textured surfaces. The friction coefficients of five SPBs with surface texture and one original commercially available SPB without surface texture under different nominal loads were measured on a self-established test rig. The data of temperature rise were obtained by nine embedded thermal couples. Findings The results indicate that SPBs with textures generally exhibit lower friction coefficients than the original SPB without textures. The dimple depth has a significant influence on improving the tribological performance, which coincides with the analysis by surface roughness parameters. A textured surface with negative Ssk and high Vvc has the minimum temperature rise. Originality/value As it is too difficult to arrange sensors into heavy-load SPBs, there are few reports about the temperature characteristics. Through nine embedded thermal couples, the distribution of temperature rise on the inner ring of SPBs was given in this study. The positive effect of surface texture on reducing temperature rise and friction coefficient was verified, which is beneficial for the design of heavy-load SPBs.
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Gu, Chunxing, Yumin Cui, and Di Zhang. "Research on the Optimal Design Approach of the Surface Texture for Journal Bearings." Lubricants 12, no. 4 (March 28, 2024): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12040111.
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Aiming to improve the comprehensive performance of the journal bearing system, this paper presents a multi-objective adaptive scale texture optimization design approach. A mixed lubrication model for the textured journal bearing system is established by considering the effects of cavitation and roughness. The geometrical parameters of the textures were co-optimized using a multi-objective grey wolf optimizer to obtain the optimal texture schemes that are suitable for different operating conditions. Through this approach, the influences of different texture schemes under transient operating conditions can be investigated. According to the results, it was found that different texture schemes result in different friction reduction effects. Proper surface texture is beneficial in increasing the minimum oil film thickness and reducing the possibility of asperity contact. The adaptive scale texture exhibits strong adaptability and achieves significant hydrodynamic effects. Therefore, the developed approach provides valuable insights for the optimization design of journal bearing systems.
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Bhardwaj, Vivek, R. K. Pandey, and V. K. Agarwal. "Performance studies of textured race ball bearing." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, no. 9 (November 4, 2019): 1116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2018-0445.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an energy-efficient and dynamically improved thrust ball bearing using textured race. A texture has been used on the stationary race of the test bearing to conduct the long-duration experiment for exploring its tribological and vibrational behaviours under starved lubricating condition using micro size MoS2 blended grease. The performance behaviours of the textured race bearing have been compared with conventional bearing (i.e. having both races without textures) under the identical operating conditions for demonstrating the advantages of textured race. Design/methodology/approach Texture was created on stationary race of the test ball bearing (51308) using nano-second pulsed Nd: YAG laser. Performance parameters (frictional torque, temperature rise and vibrations) of textured ball bearings were measured under severe starved lubricating conditions for understanding the critical role of texture in the long duration of the test. S-type load cell and miniature accelerometer were used for measuring the frictional torque and vibration, respectively. Bulk temperature at stationary races (at the back side) of test bearings was measured in operating conditions using a non-contact infrared thermometer. Findings Significant reduction in frictional torque and decrease in amplitude of vibration with textured ball bearing were found even under the severe starved lubricating condition in comparison to conventional bearing. Originality/value There is dearth of research pertaining to the performance behaviours of ball bearings using textures on the races. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to explore the tribo-dynamic performance behaviours of a thrust ball bearing using a texture on its stationary race under severe starved lubricating condition for the longer duration of the test.
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Yang, Liguang, Wensuo Ma, Fei Gao, and Shiping Xi. "Effect of Different Laser Groove Texture Collation Frequency on Tribological Properties of 0Cr17Ni7Al Stainless Steel." Materials 15, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 4419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134419.
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Laser surface texture is very effective in antifriction systems, but its applications and research in dry friction are not enough. In this study, the groove texture was prepared on the surface of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel, a common material of sliding bearing, by nanosecond and femtosecond laser, respectively. The tribological properties of the two kinds of laser groove textures with different collision frequencies were studied in depth. The results show that the friction coefficients of groove texture prepared by nanosecond and picosecond lasers are lower than that of the untextured surface. The antifriction characteristics of the laser texture are very good. The average friction coefficient of nanosecond texture at the rotation radius of 15 mm is Z = 0.7318. The best friction-reducing effect is achieved. In general, the friction coefficient of nanosecond texture is lower than that of picosecond texture. When the friction radius is 22.5 mm and the number of collisions is 24,000, the lowest picosecond texture wear rate is H = 3.342 × 10−4 mm3/N·mm. However, when the radius is 15 mm and the collision frequency is 36,000 times, the wear rate of nanosecond texture reaches the highest H = 13.680 × 10−4 mm3/N·mm. The wear rate of the untextured surface has been exceeded. It can be seen that not all rotation radius textures are more wear-resistant than untextured surfaces. In addition, nanosecond groove texture and picosecond groove texture seem to produce different tribological properties. It is found that, under the same friction experimental conditions, different collision frequencies will affect the friction and wear properties of nanosecond and picosecond groove-textured surfaces.
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Patil, Atulkumar S., Vishnu D. Wakchaure, and Uddhav M. Shirsat. "Effect of Fiber Laserprocess Parameters on Texture Dimensions Fabricated on Cast Iron Piston Ring Segments." Material Science Research India 19, no. 2 (August 29, 2022): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/190204.
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This study investigates the effect of various fiber laser process parameters on texture diameter, depth and surface roughness of circular shaped textures fabricated on the commercially cast iron piston ring segments. Piston ring segments with hardness 410 HV, Young’s Modulus of 250 Gpa and surface roughness of 0.482 µm were used for the experimentation. The fiber laser system (Marko Laser, Germany), was used for the fabrication of textures on the cast iron segments having specifications like power of 20W, wavelength of 1062nm, maximum frequency 200KHz, maximum speed range of 15000 mm/s. The laser frequency, power, speed and number of loops are the input parameters which were varied to find its effect on the texture dimensions. The approximate target values to be achieved for circular texture dimensions are texture diameter of 100µm (bilateral tolerance of 10µm), texture depth of 20µm (bilateral tolerance of 3µm) and texture surface roughness of 3µm (bilateral tolerance of 0.5µm) respectively. A confocal microscope with three dimensional surface profiler was used to measure the surface topography of the textured surfaces. It has been observed that with increase in laser power initially texture diameter has been reduced but found to be increased for the maximum power condition, while dimple depth and surface roughness of the textures found to be increased gradually. Also with increase in frequency has not a significant effect on the texture diameter but the texture depth and surface roughness has been enhanced drastically. In the similar way with increase in the laser speed and number of loops, initially there was decrease in the texture dimensions but as the speed and number of loops increased the texture dimensions also has a slight enhancement on it. It may be concluded that laser power and laser frequency has a significant impact on the texture dimensions as compared to laser speed and number of loops. Also it can be summarized that for achieving the targeted values of the texture dimensions like texture diameter, texture depth and texture surface roughness on the piston ring surface the laser power of 12W, 8W and 8W, laser frequency of 25 KHz, 25 KHz and 20 KHz, laser scan speed of 170 mm/sec, 140 mm/sec and 110 mm/sec and number of laser loops of 5, 4 and 2 may be used respectively. KEYWORDS: Confocal Microscope; Fiber Laser; Laser Power; Laser Texturing; Texture Dimensions
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Kang, Junhua, Fei Deng, Xinwei Li, and Fang Wan. "AUTOMATIC TEXTURE RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D CITY MODEL FROM OBLIQUE IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-341-2016.
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In recent years, the photorealistic 3D city models are increasingly important in various geospatial applications related to virtual city tourism, 3D GIS, urban planning, real-estate management. Besides the acquisition of high-precision 3D geometric data, texture reconstruction is also a crucial step for generating high-quality and visually realistic 3D models. However, most of the texture reconstruction approaches are probably leading to texture fragmentation and memory inefficiency. In this paper, we introduce an automatic framework of texture reconstruction to generate textures from oblique images for photorealistic visualization. Our approach include three major steps as follows: mesh parameterization, texture atlas generation and texture blending. Firstly, mesh parameterization procedure referring to mesh segmentation and mesh unfolding is performed to reduce geometric distortion in the process of mapping 2D texture to 3D model. Secondly, in the texture atlas generation step, the texture of each segmented region in texture domain is reconstructed from all visible images with exterior orientation and interior orientation parameters. Thirdly, to avoid color discontinuities at boundaries between texture regions, the final texture map is generated by blending texture maps from several corresponding images. We evaluated our texture reconstruction framework on a dataset of a city. The resulting mesh model can get textured by created texture without resampling. Experiment results show that our method can effectively mitigate the occurrence of texture fragmentation. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework is effective and useful for automatic texture reconstruction of 3D city model.
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Kang, Junhua, Fei Deng, Xinwei Li, and Fang Wan. "AUTOMATIC TEXTURE RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D CITY MODEL FROM OBLIQUE IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 3, 2016): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-341-2016.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the photorealistic 3D city models are increasingly important in various geospatial applications related to virtual city tourism, 3D GIS, urban planning, real-estate management. Besides the acquisition of high-precision 3D geometric data, texture reconstruction is also a crucial step for generating high-quality and visually realistic 3D models. However, most of the texture reconstruction approaches are probably leading to texture fragmentation and memory inefficiency. In this paper, we introduce an automatic framework of texture reconstruction to generate textures from oblique images for photorealistic visualization. Our approach include three major steps as follows: mesh parameterization, texture atlas generation and texture blending. Firstly, mesh parameterization procedure referring to mesh segmentation and mesh unfolding is performed to reduce geometric distortion in the process of mapping 2D texture to 3D model. Secondly, in the texture atlas generation step, the texture of each segmented region in texture domain is reconstructed from all visible images with exterior orientation and interior orientation parameters. Thirdly, to avoid color discontinuities at boundaries between texture regions, the final texture map is generated by blending texture maps from several corresponding images. We evaluated our texture reconstruction framework on a dataset of a city. The resulting mesh model can get textured by created texture without resampling. Experiment results show that our method can effectively mitigate the occurrence of texture fragmentation. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework is effective and useful for automatic texture reconstruction of 3D city model.
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Yan, Wen Duan, Gao Sheng Fu, Wan Qing Lai, Hong Ling Chen, Yan Li, Long Xiao, and Xiu Min Zhou. "Effects of Oxide Inclusions on Texture of 1235 Al-Alloy after Deformation." Materials Science Forum 1023 (March 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1023.53.
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Texture characteristics of compressed 1235 Al-alloy treated by different purification methods are studied by electron backscattered diffraction. The effects of oxide inclusions on texture components of material are studied as well. The main textures in hot-compressed 1235 Al-alloy are Cube texture, R texture, Gross texture, Brass texture, and Rotated cube texture. The lower the content of oxide inclusions in the material, the smaller the total relative ratio of textures. The total relative ratio of textures goes to the smallest by 1.8 % in high-efficient purified 1235 Al-alloy by oxide inclusion content of 0.051 %. The purification results have obvious effects on types and percentage of texture in the deformed alloy. With the decreasing content of oxide inclusion, the ratio of deformation texture decreases and recrystallization texture increases. Brass texture is gradually replaced by Goss texture in the deformation textures. R texture is the main texture in recrystallization textures. Therefore, reducing the content of oxide inclusions is effective for improving the hot deformation properties of 1235 Al-alloy.
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Buyukdemircioglu, Mehmet, and Sander Oude Elberink. "Automated texture mapping CityJSON 3D city models from oblique and nadir aerial imagery." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W5-2024 (June 27, 2024): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w5-2024-87-2024.
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Abstract. The incorporation of detailed textures in 3D city models is crucial for enhancing their realism, as it adds depth and authenticity to the visual representation, thereby closely mimicking the surfaces and materials found in actual urban environments. Existing 3D city models can be enriched with energy-related roof and façade details, such as the material type (such as windows, green façades, bricks) and sunlight reflectance which can be derived from texture information. However, a common limitation of these models is their lack of very high resolution textures, which which reduces their realism and detail. Manually mapping textures onto each surface of a building is an exceptionally time-consuming and labor-intensive process, making it unfeasible for large-scale applications involving thousands of buildings. Therefore, an automated method is essential for texture mapping of 3D city models from aerial imagery. In this paper, we present CityJSON texture mapper – a python-based software tool for automated texture mapping of CityJSON-based 3D city models from oblique and nadir aerial imagery. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in generating high-quality textured 3D city models, showcasing the potential for broader applications in geospatial analysis and decision-making. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in enhancing the realism and usability of CityJSON-based 3D city models by enhancing them with their real textures from oblique aerial imagery. Texture mapped model can be explored at https://bit.ly/textured3dbag.
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Wang, Zhaoqiang, Lingtao Sun, Bo Han, Xiaoqiang Wang, and Zhiwei Ge. "Study on the Thermohydrodynamic Friction Characteristics of Surface-Textured Valve Plate of Axial Piston Pumps." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (November 2, 2022): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111891.
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The purpose of this paper is to study the oil film and friction characteristics of valve plates with a micro-textured surface and to explore the influence of textures of different shapes and sizes on the valve plates. Firstly, on the basis of thermohydrodynamic theory, this paper established the lubrication model of the oil film on the valve plate pair of swashplate axial piston pumps, according to the Reynolds equation. Secondly, the micro-texture was added to the mathematical model of the valve plate pair’s oil film. A combination of the energy equation, oil-film-thickness equation, elastic deformation equation, viscosity–pressure and viscosity–temperature equation, the finite difference method, as well as the relaxation iteration method, was used to solve the problem, and the textured and non-textured valve plate surfaces were simulated. The nephogram of the oil-film-thickness distribution, elastic deformation distribution, oil-film-pressure distribution and oil-film-temperature distribution were generated. Then, the control variable method was used to change the cylinder rotational speed, tilt angle, oil viscosity, initial oil film thickness and other parameters to analyze their effects on oil film characteristics. In addition, the friction characteristics of non-textured surfaces, square textured surfaces, triangular textured surfaces and circular textured surfaces were compared and analyzed. It was found that the textured surface of valve plates can obviously improve friction efficiency under the same operating conditions. The square texture, especially, is the preferable shape, rather than the triangular texture and the circular texture, and the friction performance is at its best when the texture depths are between 20 μm and 50 μm. The results provide a theoretical basis for the design and improvement of the valve plate.
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Qiang, Haowen, Guangming Gao, Sitong Ye, Linkai Cheng, and Quandai Wang. "Effect of Characteristic Parameters and Distribution of Friction Pair Surface Texture on Lubrication Properties." Lubricants 11, no. 3 (March 14, 2023): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11030139.
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Based on the basic mechanism and bionics principle that texture affects the dynamic pressure effect of lubricating medium, a V-shaped texture that converges along the sliding direction is designed. Through numerical simulation, the optimal geometric parameters and distribution of the V-shaped and textures are obtained. A textured surface with various texture features is prepared using a nanosecond ultraviolet laser with bearing steel as substrate. Tribological experiments with friction and wear tester are performed to investigate the effect of characteristic parameters and distribution of surface texture on the lubrication performance and the lubrication properties are compared and analyzed with that of circular texture. Hence, this investigation provides a research direction to improve the lubrication performance between frictional pairs under fluid lubrication condition to reduce the frictional wear of mechanical systems. The results show that under the conditions of optimal parameters, due to the effect of convergence and extrusion on the flow of lubrication medium, the V-shape texture is better than the circular texture in improving the lubrication performance. The optimal characteristic parameters of V-shape texture are: 60° for the angle between the two wings, 0.53 for shape parameter, 25.9% for area ratio, 13 μm depth, 60% texture area coverage ratio, and the inlet of flow field of the texture distribution position.
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Saunders, Jeffrey A. "The Effect of Texture Relief on Perception of Slant from Texture." Perception 32, no. 2 (February 2003): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p5012.
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Texture can be an effective source of information for perception of slant and curvature. A computational assumption required for some texture cues is that texture must be flat along a surface. There are many textures which violate this assumption, and have some sort of texture relief: variations perpendicular to the surface. Some examples include grass, which has vertical elements, or scattered rocks, which are volumetric elements with 3-D shapes. Previous studies of perception of slant from texture have not addressed the case of textures with relief. The experiments reported here test judgments of slant for textures with various types of relief, including textures composed of bumps, columns, and oriented elements. The presence of texture relief was found to affect judgments, indicating that perception of slant from texture is not robust to violations of the flat-texture assumption. For bumps and oriented elements, slant was underestimated relative to matching flat textures, while for columns textures, which had visible flat top faces, perceived slant was equal or greater than for flat textures. The differences can be explained by the way different types of texture relief affect the amount of optical compression in the projected image, which would be consistent with results from previous experiments using cue conflicts in flat textures. These results provide further evidence that compression contributes to perception of slant from texture.
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Zhivago, Kalathupiriyan A., and Sripati P. Arun. "Texture discriminability in monkey inferotemporal cortex predicts human texture perception." Journal of Neurophysiology 112, no. 11 (December 1, 2014): 2745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00532.2014.
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Shape and texture are both important properties of visual objects, but texture is relatively less understood. Here, we characterized neuronal responses to discrete textures in monkey inferotemporal (IT) cortex and asked whether they can explain classic findings in human texture perception. We focused on three classic findings on texture discrimination: 1) it can be easy or hard depending on the constituent elements; 2) it can have asymmetries, and 3) it is reduced for textures with randomly oriented elements. We recorded neuronal activity from monkey inferotemporal (IT) cortex and measured texture perception in humans for a variety of textures. Our main findings are as follows: 1) IT neurons show congruent selectivity for textures across array size; 2) textures that were easy for humans to discriminate also elicited distinct patterns of neuronal activity in monkey IT; 3) texture pairs with asymmetries in humans also exhibited asymmetric variation in firing rate across monkey IT; and 4) neuronal responses to randomly oriented textures were explained by an average of responses to homogeneous textures, which rendered them less discriminable. The reduction in discriminability of monkey IT neurons predicted the reduced discriminability in humans during texture discrimination. Taken together, our results suggest that texture perception in humans is likely based on neuronal representations similar to those in monkey IT.
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Langelaan, G., S. Deprez, Ignaas Verpoest, and Paul van Houtte. "Determination of Morphological Textures of the Fibres in Composite Materials Made from Textiles of Carbon Fibres." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 1675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.1675.
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The orientation distribution of fibres (morphological texture) in a composite is very important in determining the properties of the material. Therefore, methods which can provide quantitative descriptions of the morphological texture are essential. One approach to determining the morphological texture function (MTF) is to measure the orientation distribution of the crystals in the fibres. Since many types of reinforcing fibres are crystalline and textured (i.e. carbon fibres, whiskers, etc.) this approach may be interesting for commercial/industrial applications. For this technique to be applied, the crystallographic texture intrinsic to the fibres must be determined and subsequently measurements of the crystallographic texture should be made in the composite. The morphological texture can then be calculated by a deconvolution of the composite texture with the fibre’s intrinsic texture. In this paper, morphological textures are determined in woven fabrics made from carbon fibres embedded in a polymer matrix. Straight fibres removed from the fabric serve as the reference material for the deconvolution. It is demonstrated that this technique is applicable and can resolve the orientation distribution to an accuracy greater than is needed for determining the elastic properties.
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Chateigner, D., H. R. Wenk, and M. Pernet. "Orientation Analysis of Bulk YBCO from Incomplete Neutron Diffraction Data." Journal of Applied Crystallography 30, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889896008758.
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Highly incomplete pole figures of a magnetic-field-aligned melt-textured superconducting sample of the Y–Ba–Cu–O system were measured by neutron diffraction. The orientation distribution of the main superconducting 123 and a minor 211 phase have been derived with the WIMV algorithm. The 123 phase is strongly textured with a (001) maximum around 22 times that of a random distribution (m.r.d.) and a texture index of 30. There are two orientation components present that have no apparent relationship with the applied magnetic field. The texture of the 211 phase is weak, with a maximum of 1.7 m.r.d. The textures of the two phases appear to be correlated.
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Fan, Lin, Zi-long Deng, Yan He, Xu-long Zhu, Xing-jun Gao, and Zhe Jin. "The effects of micro-texture shape on serrated chip geometry in the hardened steel AISI D2 cutting process." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 015031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac58ad.
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Abstract Five micro-textures were processed on the rake face of PCBN tools: circular pits, elliptical grooves, transverse grooves, composite grooves, and wavy grooves. The effect of different micro-textures on cutting force, the cutting temperature, the micro-morphology of serrated chips, tool wear and surface roughness were investigated utilizing three-dimensional finite element simulation and cutting tests. The results indicates that micro-textured tools can lower cutting force when compared to non-textured tools, while cutting force varies significantly during the cutting process. Micro-texture can decrease the temperature in the adiabatic shear band, changes the temperature distribution of the rake face, reduce the serrated degree, and increase segmentation frequency. However, it is more prone to cracking. The wear resistance and the surface quality of machined surface of the elliptical grooves and wavy grooves micro-texture are better.
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Hu, Jingshu, Jiaxuan Wei, Xinmin Feng, and Zhiwei Liu. "Research on Wear of Micro-Textured Tools in Turning GH4169 during Spray Cooling." Lubricants 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2023): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11100439.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the wear resistance of micro-textured tools was explored. Micro-textured tools with different morphologies were used in turning GH4169 during spray cooling. The tool wear on the rake face of the different micro-texture morphologies was investigated through simulation and experiments. Firstly, based on the existing research on bionics, micro-textures with five different morphologies were designed on the rake face of carbide tools. A simulation model of cutting GH4169 during spray cooling was established, and the tools with designed micro-textures were used in it. The influence of the different micro-texture morphologies on the tool wear was analyzed. Secondly, the designed micro-textured tools with five different morphologies were produced using a femtosecond laser. Cutting experiments were conducted using the micro-textured tools during spray cooling. The wear area of the rake face was measured based on the infinitesimal method, and the optimal morphology with the best anti-wear ability was obtained. This study provides technical support for the design and development of micro-textured tools with an improved cutting performance, and contribute to the promotion and application of micro-textured tools.
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Abdelmounaime, Safia, and He Dong-Chen. "New Brodatz-Based Image Databases for Grayscale Color and Multiband Texture Analysis." ISRN Machine Vision 2013 (February 24, 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/876386.
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Grayscale and color textures can have spectral informative content. This spectral information coexists with the grayscale or chromatic spatial pattern that characterizes the texture. This informative and nontextural spectral content can be a source of confusion for rigorous evaluations of the intrinsic textural performance of texture methods. In this paper, we used basic image processing tools to develop a new class of textures in which texture information is the only source of discrimination. Spectral information in this new class of textures contributes only to form texture. The textures are grouped into two databases. The first is the Normalized Brodatz Texture database (NBT) which is a collection of grayscale images. The second is the Multiband Texture (MBT) database which is a collection of color texture images. Thus, this new class of textures is ideal for rigorous comparisons between texture analysis methods based only on their intrinsic performance on texture characterization.