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Journal articles on the topic 'Textual terms'
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Kyo, Kageura. "Assessing the Status of Technical Documents as Textual Materials for Translation Training in Terms of Technical Terms." Meta 63, no. 3 (June 6, 2019): 766–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1060172ar.
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In this paper, we examine how methods for evaluating corpora in terms of technical terms can be used for characterising technical documents used as textual materials in translation training in a translation education setup. Technical documents are one of the standard types of textual materials used in translation training courses, and choosing suitable materials for learners is an important issue. In technical documents, technical terms play an essential role. Assessing how terms are used in these documents, therefore, would help translation teachers to choose relevant documents as training materials. As corpus-characterisation methods, we used self-referring measurement of the occurrence of terminology and measurement of the characteristic semantic scale of terms. To examine the practical applicability of these methods to assessing technical documents, we prepared a total of 12 short English texts from the six domains of law, medicine, politics, physics, technology and philosophy (two texts were chosen from each domain), whose lengths ranged from 300 to 1,150 words. We manually extracted terms from each text, and using those terms, we evaluated the nature and status of the textual materials. The analysis shows that even for short texts, the corpus-characterisation methods we provide useful insights into assessing textual materials.
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Tao, Longquan, Jinli Cao, and Fei Liu. "Quantifying textual terms of items for similarity measurement." Information Sciences 415-416 (November 2017): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2017.06.030.
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Vasudevan, Veena, and Ansamma John. "Automatic Declassification of Textual Documents by Generalizing Sensitive Terms." International Journal of Computer Applications 100, no. 18 (August 20, 2014): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/17626-8390.
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Kolářik, Corinna, Martin Hofmann-Apitius, Marc Zimmermann, and Juliane Fluck. "Identification of new drug classification terms in textual resources." Bioinformatics 23, no. 13 (July 1, 2007): i264—i272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm196.
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Sánchez, David, Montserrat Batet, and Alexandre Viejo. "Utility-preserving sanitization of semantically correlated terms in textual documents." Information Sciences 279 (September 2014): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2014.03.103.
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Bouslimi, Riadh, Mouhamed Gaith Ayadi, and Jalel Akaichi. "Medical Image Retrieval in Healthcare Social Networks." International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics 13, no. 2 (April 2018): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhisi.2018040102.
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In this article, the authors present a multimodal research model to research medical images based on multimedia information that is extracted from a radiological collaborative social network. The opinions shared on a medical image in a medico-social network is a textual description which in most cases requires cleaning by using a medical thesaurus. In addition, they describe the textual description and medical image in a TF-IDF weight vector using a “bag-of-words” approach. The authors then use latent semantic analysis to establish relationships between textual terms and visual terms in shared opinions on the medical image. The model is evaluated against the ImageCLEFmedbaseline, which is the ground truth for the experiments. The authors have conducted numerous experiments with different descriptors and many combinations of modalities. The analysis of results shows that when the model is based on two methods it can increase the performance of a research system based on a single modality both visually or textually.
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Han, Xian-Hua, and Yen-Wei Chen. "Biomedical Imaging Modality Classification Using Combined Visual Features and Textual Terms." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/241396.
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We describe an approach for the automatic modality classification in medical image retrieval task of the 2010 CLEF cross-language image retrieval campaign (ImageCLEF). This paper is focused on the process of feature extraction from medical images and fuses the different extracted visual features and textual feature for modality classification. To extract visual features from the images, we used histogram descriptor of edge, gray, or color intensity and block-based variation as global features and SIFT histogram as local feature. For textual feature of image representation, the binary histogram of some predefined vocabulary words from image captions is used. Then, we combine the different features using normalized kernel functions for SVM classification. Furthermore, for some easy misclassified modality pairs such as CT and MR or PET and NM modalities, a local classifier is used for distinguishing samples in the pair modality to improve performance. The proposed strategy is evaluated with the provided modality dataset by ImageCLEF 2010.
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Al-Husseini, Hashim Aliwy Mohammed, Ghayth K. Shaker Al-Shaibani, and Sawsan Kareem Al-Saaidi. "Textual Analysis of Kinship Terms in Selected Quranic and Biblical Verses." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 2, no. 10 (October 31, 2014): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss10.251.
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The study of kinship has attracted the attention of many scholars in various linguistic, anthropological, and religious contexts. Because kinship terms are one of the linguistic systems of any language, the researchers adopted Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics theory as an analytical tool. This is because this SFL can explicate different fields of study such as linguistics and discourse analysis. Such fields are regarded as fields of language socialization that cannot be studied inseparable from their social or cultural contexts.To achieve a textual analysis of kinship terms, the researchers used selected sampled texts taken from the Glorious Quran and the Holy Bible. The main findings pointed out that Halliday’s model can be applied to different social fields such as religious, political, and economic texts. Such an analysis of these texts may lead to give some solutions to the social and economic problems in which human beings may face in everyday life.
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Taub, Gadi, and Michal Hamo. "Dialectic textual negotiation." Journal of Language and Politics 10, no. 3 (October 31, 2011): 416–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.10.3.06tau.
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The present study proposes a discourse-immanent view (following Wodak 2001) of political manifestos, examining them as sites for textually negotiating tensions and paradoxes, rather than focusing on their persuasive aspects. This approach is applied to the analysis of two founding documents of the Israeli religious settlers’ movement, where tensions between religious vision and actual politics have increased over time. Findings indicate that in the first manifesto (1974), discursive resources (temporality, point of view construction and terms of reference) are strategically used to contain tensions and maintain the movement’s dialectical vision of the relations between religion and politics. By contrast, the second manifesto (1980) exhibits simpler textual patterns which forgo this dialectical commitment, reflecting the eroding ability to textually reconcile ideological tensions as challenges to the movement’s vision grow. This is discussed as demonstrating the utility of discourse analysis for historical research in providing micro-evidence for the emergence of ideological change.
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Zauderer, Elizabeth. "Is a rose is a rose is a rose? Appropriating polysemy in film: The case of rose imagery in American Beauty." Semiotica 2015, no. 205 (June 1, 2015): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0009.
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AbstractThe issue of cultural appropriation is at the crux of adaptation studies with emphasis on what constitute cultural junctures in cinematic renditions of textual sources, rather than how formal processes facilitate contextual and intertextual overlap. This paper explores processes for the appropriation of textual polysemy in visual terms in film. Drawing on classical semiotics and film semiotics, I propose a theoretical model for reconstructing the effect of contextual complexity and overlap manifest in textual polysemy in terms of visual signification in film. The proposed model is applied in an analysis the recurrent rose imagery in American Beauty (Sam Mendes 1999).
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Komamizu, Takahiro, Toshiyuki Amagasa, and Hiroyuki Kitagawa. "Facet-value extraction scheme from textual contents in XML data." International Journal of Web Information Systems 11, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 270–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-04-2015-0012.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extract appropriate terms to summarize the current results in terms of the contents of textual facets. Faceted search on XML data helps users find necessary information from XML data by giving attribute–content pairs (called facet-value pair) about the current search results. However, if most of the contents of a facet have longer texts in average (such facets are called textual facets), it is not easy to overview the current results. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed approach is based upon subsumption relationships of terms among the contents of a facet. The subsumption relationship can be extracted using co-occurrences of terms among a number of documents (in this paper, a content of a facet is considered as a document). Subsumption relationships compose hierarchies, and the authors utilize the hierarchies to extract facet-values from textual facets. In the faceted search context, users have ambiguous search demands, they expect broader terms. Thus, we extract high-level terms in the hierarchies as facet-values. Findings – The main findings of this paper are the extracted terms improve users’ search experiences, especially in cases when the search demands are ambiguous. Originality/value – An originality of this paper is the way to utilize the textual contents of XML data for improving users’ search experiences on faceted search. The other originality is how to design the tasks to evaluate exploratory search like faceted search.
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Mohamed, Emad, and Sayed A. Mostafa. "Computing Happiness from Textual Data." Stats 2, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats2030025.
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In this paper, we use a corpus of about 100,000 happy moments written by people of different genders, marital statuses, parenthood statuses, and ages to explore the following questions: Are there differences between men and women, married and unmarried individuals, parents and non-parents, and people of different age groups in terms of their causes of happiness and how they express happiness? Can gender, marital status, parenthood status and/or age be predicted from textual data expressing happiness? The first question is tackled in two steps: first, we transform the happy moments into a set of topics, lemmas, part of speech sequences, and dependency relations; then, we use each set as predictors in multi-variable binary and multinomial logistic regressions to rank these predictors in terms of their influence on each outcome variable (gender, marital status, parenthood status and age). For the prediction task, we use character, lexical, grammatical, semantic, and syntactic features in a machine learning document classification approach. The classification algorithms used include logistic regression, gradient boosting, and fastText. Our results show that textual data expressing moments of happiness can be quite beneficial in understanding the “causes of happiness” for different social groups, and that social characteristics like gender, marital status, parenthood status, and, to some extent age, can be successfully predicted form such textual data. This research aims to bring together elements from philosophy and psychology to be examined by computational corpus linguistics methods in a way that promotes the use of Natural Language Processing for the Humanities.
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O'donnell,, Matthew Brook, Mike Scott,, Michaela Mahlberg,, and Michael Hoey,. "Exploring text-initial words, clusters and concgrams in a newspaper corpus." Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 8, no. 1 (May 25, 2012): 73–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2012-0004.
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AbstractThe notion of ‘textual colligation’ predicts that certain lexical items have a tendency to occur at particular points in a text, i.e. the beginning or end of texts, paragraphs or sentences. This paper describes new corpus-based methods developed to identify the profile of words, clusters (n-grams) and concgrams (non-contiguous patterns in variant order) in terms of their most common textual locations. Groups of co-occurring text-initial items are then analyzed in terms of their discourse function in relation to theories of newspaper structure. This analysis illustrates how methods from corpus linguistics, when targeted to specific textual positions, can complement text-linguistic analyses.
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Forgione, Luca. "Kant and Natural Kind Terms." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 31, no. 1 (February 17, 2016): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.14436.
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As is well known, the linguistic/philosophical reflection on natural kind terms has undergone a remarkable development in the early seventies with Putnam and Kripke’s essentialist approaches (cf. §3), touching upon different aspects (metaphysical and epistemological in particular) of Kant’s slant. Preliminarily, however, it might be useful to review some of the theoretical stages in Locke and Leibniz’s approaches on natural kind terms in the light of contemporary reflections (cf. § 2), to eventually pinpoint Kant’s contribution and see how some commentators have placed it within the theory of direct reference (cf. §4). Starting with textual evidence even from the logical corpus (cf. §§5-6), in the present essay I will attempt to discuss some of the arguments dismissing Kant’s adherence to this view. These assume that in his approach to the semantics of natural kind terms, Kant appears to be still holding on to a nominalist/conceptualist position, though he seems to be well aware of a few key issues for the theorists of direct reference (§§7-8).
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Kalmazova, N. A., and Yu A. Kuznetsova. "LIMITS OF TRANSLATABILITY OF LEGAL TERMS." Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, no. 28 (2020): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2020-28-78-82.
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The article presents a modern approach to the issue of translatability/untranslatability and the limits of translatability of legal texts. Full translatability of legal texts is hindered by linguistic factors: 1) categorization of reality (discrepancy between the concept of a term in the source language (SL) and the target language (TL); 2) the presence of ethnographic gaps (the absence of both concepts and terms in the TL); 3) differences in the stylistic traditions of the SL and TL (different stylistic components of the texts of SL and TL). Some elements reflecting the content of the legal text also complicate translatability: 1) the alienation of the legal concept to the culture and perception of the recipient of the translation (groundlessness and impossibility of the existence of the concept in the TL); 2) the absence of a linguistic genre in the host culture (the algorithm for presenting textual information is not typical for the TL).
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Brunon-Ernst, Anne. "The Fallacy of Informed Consent: Linguistic Markers of Assent and Contractual Design in Some E-User Agreements." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 28 (November 15, 2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2015.28.03.
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Orthodox contract law theory assumes that parties agree to the terms of a contract before entering into an agreement. However, recent factual evidence points towards the fact that consumers do not systematically read, and thus become informed of, the terms of a contract. Academics are asking for mandatory frameworks to ensure that informed consent is indeed sought and given by parties to a contract. The present study looks into the user agreements of four online companies that provide a marketplace for the sale of goods or free provision of services by other sellers and/or users (Ebay, Tripadvisor, YouTube and Amazon). The aim is firstly to identify the lexical/textual markers and peri-textual features of agreement in order to highlight the fallacy of informed consent. Secondly, the paper lists textual and peri-textual alternative contractual design (here called counter-design) in online user agreement. In so doing, contractual design features are distinguished from nudges. Suggested counter-design features help make informed consent effective.
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Fitzgerald, Gerald. "Textual Practices and Euripidean Productions." Theatre Survey 33, no. 1 (May 1992): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557400009571.
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This paper has two principal, though interrelated, objectives: to survey issues concerning the status of the texts of Greek Tragedy, particularly with respect to specific distinctions between a play as text-based and as audience experienced, between the “eye” of the reader of a play text and the eye of the theatrical spectator; and to consider some implications of these distinctions for Euripidean drama, above all with respect to The Bacchae, since its procedures, albeit more developed or extravagant than elsewhere, may be construed as characteristic for this drama. Much of what I shall say has reference also to the other—Aeschylean, Sophoclean—texts that we have of Greek Tragedy. But it is with Euripides that the terms of the relationship of text and play are most explicit, and controversial, and, it seems to me, most dislocated. We have “read’ Euripides sometimes very wrongly because we have been reading Euripidean texts.
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Alaghbary, Gibreel Sadeq. "Construction of Identity in Suheir Hammad’s What I will." World Journal of English Language 9, no. 1 (November 6, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v9n1p1.
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This paper offers insights into the conceptualization of identity in poetry. In particular, it seeks to examine the way the Palestinian-American female poet Suheir Hammad negotiates her textual identity in the poem What I Will. The study uses Mill’s (1995) feminist stylistic theoretical framework in order to identify the identity Hammad constructs for herself in the poem, and the way this textually constructed identity plays out against her cultural heritage and ethnic origin. This objective will be achieved by examining the way textual identity is carried by linguistic choices at the lexical, lexico-grammatical (phrase/sentence) and discourse levels. Analysis reveals a dichotomy constructed via personal pronouns between the speaker and her aggressor. This oppositional relationship is reinforced by the transitivity choices and triggers of presupposition. The speaker uses no gender-specific or sexist nouns and pronouns and no description of her appearance in the textual construction of her identity. Her identity is constructed in terms of her collective ethnic background and resistance to the oppression of her aggressor.
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HASBIYALLA, IKLIL. "Pemahaman Makna Hadits Tinjauan Tekstual dan Kontekstual." SAMAWA : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 1, no. 2 (August 9, 2021): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53948/samawa.v1i2.31.
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The understanding of the text of the hadith always experiences dynamics, not unlike in the paradigm of the interpretation of the Qur'an. The terms of textual and contextual understanding that have been echoed by contemporary Muslim scholars are only a mapping, not a model of a solution, this problem is still a problem that needs to be reviewed and developed again. This study opens up horizons about the meaning of hadith both textually and contextually
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Zulyadain, Zulyadain. "Menimbang Kontorversi Pemaknaan Konsep Ahl Al-Kitāb dalam Al-Qur’an." Ulumuna 16, no. 2 (November 7, 2017): 279–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v16i2.180.
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One of the controversy-laden terms in the discourse of Islamic theology is ahl al-Kitab. Different ways of interpreting the term through textual and contextual exegesis of the Qur’an verses concerning it have colored the history of Muslim beliefs about other religion and religious communities. This paper aims to probe the controversies and arguments through revealing paradigms that underlies any views that differ from each other. Compromising the controversy was considered very important. Therefore, in the context the difference of textual and contextual interpretation of the term, the author conclude that both interpretations should be understood as mutual inclusion rather than two separate points in terms of mutual exclusion. Textual interpretation discovers basic, objective meaning of the term in Qur'an, while the contextual interpretation discovers its contextual meaning, both linguistic and socio-cultural.
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Barbosa, Flavio, Agma Traina, and Valdair Muglia. "Meta-generalis: A novel method for structuring information from radiology reports." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 03 (July 2016): 803–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2016-03-ra-0037.
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SummaryA structured report for imaging exams aims at increasing the precision in information retrieval and communication between physicians. However, it is more concise than free text and may limit specialists’ descriptions of important findings not covered by pre-defined structures. A computational ontological structure derived from free texts designed by specialists may be a solution for this problem. Therefore, the goal of our study was to develop a methodology for structuring information in radiology reports covering specifications required for the Brazilian Portuguese language, including the terminology to be used.We gathered 1,701 radiological reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the lumbosacral spine from three different institutions. Techniques of text mining and ontological conceptualization of lexical units extracted were used to structure information. Ten radiologists, specialists in lumbosacral MRI, evaluated the textual superstructure and terminology extracted using an electronic questionnaire.The established methodology consists of six steps: 1) collection of radiology reports of a specific MRI examination; 2) textual decomposition; 3) normalization of lexical units; 4) identification of textual superstructures; 5) conceptualization of candidate-terms; and 6) evaluation of superstructures and extracted terminology by experts using an electronic questionnaire. Three different textual superstructures were identified, with terminological variations in the names of their textual categories. The number of candidate-terms conceptualized was 4,183, yielding 727 concepts. There were a total of 13,963 relationships between candidate-terms and concepts and 789 relationships among concepts.The proposed methodology allowed structuring information in a more intuitive and practical way. Indications of three textual superstructures, extraction of lexicon units and the normalization and ontologically conceptualization were achieved while maintaining references to their respective categories and free text radiology reports.Citation: Barbosa F, Traina AJ, Muglia VF. Meta-generalis: A novel method for structuring information from radiology reports.
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Rogers, Margaret. "Multidimensionality in concepts systems." Terminology 10, no. 2 (December 14, 2004): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.10.2.04rog.
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This article describes how bilingual textual analysis — often a by-product of translation — can reveal complex conceptual relations which are not easily captured in conventional systems, even of a multidimensional kind. The data are taken from text extracts from an automotive handbook available in both German (original) and English (translation). The analysis reveals differences in the way concept relations can be modeled, according to the type of generic and specific features revealed by the terms and phraseological structures in text. It is concluded that some concepts may require more subtle models of description which cannot be met even by multidimensional systems and that the lexemes used to label conceptual systems do not necessarily map onto textual representations of the domain. Some implications for standardisation and specialist translation are discussed, and Toft’s distinction between real and conceptual systems, as well as static and dynamic systems, is suggested as a possible way forward for capturing the dynamic conceptual relations revealed in text.
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Narrog, Heiko. "Beyond intersubjectification." English Text Construction 5, no. 1 (April 20, 2012): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.5.1.03nar.
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This paper discusses textual uses of modality and mood forms in English and Japanese and claims that they all represent a shift from subjective through intersubjective to the textual. As the shift towards textual function is difficult to define in terms of either subjectification or intersubjectification, it is suggested that shift towards the textual needs to be acknowledged as equal to the shift towards the subjective and the intersubjective. These three kinds of shifts are understood as together forming the larger tendency of change labeled as ‘speech-act orientation’. Furthermore, the cases discussed in this paper provide evidence for the fact that textual functions, which have often been conceived as an intermediate stage in change towards subjective and intersubjective elements, are in fact sometimes the endpoints of grammatical change, beyond subjective and intersubjective functions.
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Nguyen, Lien Thi Kim, Hao-Hsuan Chung, Kristine Velasquez Tuliao, and Tom M. Y. Lin. "Using XGBoost and Skip-Gram Model to Predict Online Review Popularity." SAGE Open 10, no. 4 (October 2020): 215824402098331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020983316.
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Review popularity is similar to awareness and information accessibility components: Both have a profound effect on customer purchase decisions. Therefore, this study proposes a new method for predicting online review popularity that combines the extreme gradient boosting tree algorithm (XGBoost), to extract key features on the bases of ranking scores and the skip-gram model, which can subsequently identify semantic words according to key textual terms. Findings revealed that written reviews had higher review popularity than non-textual reviews (reviewer and product factors). Moreover, the proposed method achieved higher prediction accuracy than the traditional ridge regression technique of Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error (RMSLE). The main factors affecting review popularity and key reviewers for specific textual terms were also identified. Findings could help vendors identify key influencers for their product promotion and then support the design of word-suggestion systems for online reviews.
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Amsler, Mark E. "Premodern Letters and Textual Consciousness." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 3 (November 16, 2010): 279–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.3.01ams.
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Summary Modern linguistics textbooks devote little, if any, space to writing systems. Shifting our attention from naming precursors or proto-theories to reading earlier language study and linguistics as theorizing and description, the present paper explores ancient and early medieval concepts of the letter in terms of the semiotics of written language and the emergence of textual consciousness in manuscript culture. Early concepts and uses of the letter in alphabetic writing were ambiguous, multilayered, and occasionally contested, but they were not confused. Ancient and early medieval concepts of the letter were based on a semiotics of language and writing which connected spoken and visual signs as multimodal textual activity. Theories of the letter included: (a) the written character (gramma, littera) is a visual sign signifying a particular sound or group of sounds; (b) letters can function as arbitrary second-order signifying systems, such as numbers or diacritics; (c) different alphabets are rooted in the history of peoples although the Roman alphabet is a plastic medium for inscribing the emerging European vernaculars; (d) letters are material substances; (e) the written character is a mute sign; (f) the written character is imperfect or incomplete when detached from sound and the practice of reading aloud.
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Salih, Salah M. "Textual Presupposition: An Intertextual Account." Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 6, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/kujhss.v3n1y2020.pp1-7.
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Whereas there has been ample research on presupposition, and different taxonomies have been put forward on the various types of presupposition, presupposition triggers, on the difference between entailment and presupposition, and on the dichotomy semantic presupposition/pragmatic presupposition, the interrelationship between presupposition and intertextuality has not received due attention. In some philosophical and linguistic accounts, the presupposition is preserved as a meaning-based notion and thereby accounted for in non -intertextual way where only propositions that are accepted and taken for granted by speaker/ writer count. The present study argues for an intertextual account of presupposition, where the proposition is not the property of the speaker/writer per se; rather, the presupposed proposition is interpreted in terms of intertextual relations with previous texts. The aim of the present article was to find; changed to, what kind of knowledge text producers expect their audience to have to be able to process new texts; what kind of knowledge text producers presuppose in the creation of new texts; the conceptual status of presupposition when new information is conveyed; and how presuppositions obtain in the case of intertextuality. This has been accomplished by drawing on both notions: Presupposition and intertextuality to argue whereas the two notions have been kept separate in non-intertextual accounts on presupposed propositions, both notions work on the same level of drawing on the text, and therefore to argue for coining a new term textual presupposition.
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Carrol, Gareth, Kathy Conklin, Josephine Guy, and Rebekah Scott. "Processing punctuation and word changes in different editions of prose fiction." Scientific Study of Literature 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 200–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ssol.5.2.05con.
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The digital era has brought with it a shift in the field of literary editing in terms of the amount and kind of textual variation that can reasonably be annotated by editors. However, questions remain about how far readers engage with textual variants, especially minor ones such as small-scale changes to punctuation. In this study we present an eye-tracking experiment investigating reader sensitivity to variations in surface textual features of prose fiction. We monitored eye movements while participants read textual variants from Dickens and James, hypothesising that readers may pay more attention to lexical rather than punctuation changes. We found longer reading times for both types, but only lexical changes also increased reading times for the rest of the sentence. In addition, eye-movement behaviour and conscious ability to report changes were highly correlated. We discuss the implications for how such methods might be applied to questions of “literary” significance and textual processing.
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Zürn, Tobias Benedikt. "The Han Imaginaire of Writing as Weaving: Intertextuality and the Huainanzi's Self-Fashioning as an Embodiment of the Way." Journal of Asian Studies 79, no. 2 (May 2020): 367–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911819001906.
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Writers in the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE) apparently experienced writing in weaving terms. Such an imaginaire of writing as weaving was probably fully manifested in the first or second century BCE and crystallized in the coining of literary terminologies such as classics (jing), weft-writings (weishu), and literature/texts (wen). Situating the Huainanzi and its intertextual writing practice within this imaginaire enables us to reassess both the Huainanzi's widespread dismissal as a miscellaneous, encyclopedic behemoth in the first half of the twentieth century and its reappreciation over the last few decades. According to the Huainanzi's self-depictions, Liu An and his erudite courtiers apparently created the scripture in such an intertextual way in order to textually mimic the process of weaving. Since the Huainanzi commonly associates weaving with the Way's connective powers, the text's extraordinary design might be the result of a literary attempt to create an efficacious, textual artifact that embodies the Way by incorporating the act of weaving in its textual design.
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Banerjee, Snehasish, and Alton Y.K. Chua. "A theoretical framework to identify authentic online reviews." Online Information Review 38, no. 5 (July 7, 2014): 634–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-02-2014-0047.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which textual characteristics of online reviews help identify authentic entries from manipulative ones across positive and negative comments. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is proposed to identify authentic online reviews from manipulative ones based on three textual characteristics, namely, comprehensibility, informativeness, and writing style. The framework is tested using two publicly available data sets, one comprising positive reviews to hype own offerings, and the other including negative reviews to slander competing offerings. Logistic regression is used for analysis. Findings – The three textual characteristics offered useful insights to identify authentic online reviews from manipulative ones. In particular, the differences between authentic and manipulative reviews in terms of comprehensibility and informativeness were more conspicuous for negative entries. On the other hand, the differences between authentic and manipulative reviews in terms of writing style were more conspicuous for positive entries. Research limitations/implications – The findings of this paper are somewhat constrained by the scope of the data sets used for analysis. Originality/value – The paper represents one of the earliest attempts to develop a theoretical framework to identify authentic online reviews. Prior research has shed light on ways to classify reviews as authentic or manipulative. However, literature on specific differences between the two in terms of textual characteristics is relatively limited. Moreover, by suggesting differences between authentic and manipulative reviews across positive and negative comments, the findings offer nuanced insights into a research area that is growing in importance.
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Ra’no Tohirovna, Toshniyozova. "The importance of synergetics in the study of fiction." International Journal on Integrated Education 2, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.153.
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This article is devoted to the consideration of the basic principles of synergetics. The artistic text is considered as a synergistic system, since it has all the properties of this system. Synergistic terms are described in textual terms. Given the results of research in the direction. The role of synergy in textology and literary criticism in general terms is substantiated.
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Messerli, Thomas C. "Subtitles and cinematic meaning-making: Interlingual subtitles as textual agents." Multilingua 38, no. 5 (September 25, 2019): 529–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi-2018-0119.
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Abstract This theoretical paper adopts the point of view of the audience of subtitled films and outlines a theory of subtitles as communicative agents within the participation structures of film reception. Based on examples from three Swiss fiction films – Heidi (2015), Heimatland (2015) and Der Goalie bin ig (2014) – the following communicative effects are found and illustrated: uniformity, authorisation, foregrounding, aestheticisation, foreignisation. These effects are conceptualised in terms of Constitutive Communication theory and textual agency (Cooren. 2004. Textual agency: How texts do things in organizational settings. Organization 11(3). 373–393. doi:10.1177/1350508404041998), which describe that by communicating with audiences, subtitles animate into being other participants in film discourse and contribute to what viewers take away in terms of characters, stories, the cultural aspects they represent and the source culture(s) from which the text is perceived to communicate.
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Troxel, Ronald L. "What is the ‘Text’ in Textual Criticism?" Vetus Testamentum 66, no. 4 (October 12, 2016): 603–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-12341249.
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Textual criticism has long used terms and phrases incorporating ‘text’ without scrutinizing whether they are defensible. Contributing to this problem has been imprecision in the definition of ‘text’ itself. Contemporary scholarship has nibbled at the edges of a definition, but no focused consideration has been given to pinpointing what it is textual criticism criticizes. This essay examines the concepts underlying talk of ‘text’, positing that ‘text’ must be defined within a matrix with author and reader. A text’s production and preservation reflects its reading communities’ conferral upon it of the status of ‘text’. Although establishment of the earliest recoverable form(s) of a text remains important, that must be paired with understanding a text’s role in shaping and reflecting the lives of its reading communities. Careful definition of ‘text’ and the nomenclature that describes it can bring clarity to conceiving the task of textual criticism.
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Xu, Bo. "A Metafunctional Analysis of the News “ROK, DPRK Agree to Defuse Tension after Talks” on China Daily." English Language Teaching 8, no. 11 (October 11, 2015): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n11p92.
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<p>On the basis of the three metafunctions in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL): experiential, interpersonal and textual, the paper makes an analysis of the current news “ROK, DPRK Agree to Defuse Tension after Talks” on China Daily. The paper finds out that the political news has unique features in terms of experiential, interpersonal and textual function. Objectivity and accuracy of network news is realized via transitivity systems and third person pronoun in the news.</p>
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XUAN DO, QUANG, and DAN ROTH. "Exploiting the Wikipedia structure in local and global classification of taxonomic relations." Natural Language Engineering 18, no. 2 (March 14, 2012): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324912000046.
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AbstractDetermining whether two terms have an ancestor relation (e.g. Toyota Camry and car) or a sibling relation (e.g. Toyota and Honda) is an essential component of textual inference in Natural Language Processing applications such as Question Answering, Summarization, and Textual Entailment. Significant work has been done on developing knowledge sources that could support these tasks, but these resources usually suffer from low coverage, noise, and are inflexible when dealing with ambiguous and general terms that may not appear in any stationary resource, making their use as general purpose background knowledge resources difficult. In this paper, rather than building a hierarchical structure of concepts and relations, we describe an algorithmic approach that, given two terms, determines the taxonomic relation between them using a machine learning-based approach that makes use of existing resources. Moreover, we develop a global constraint-based inference process that leverages an existing knowledge base to enforce relational constraints among terms and thus improves the classifier predictions. Our experimental evaluation shows that our approach significantly outperforms other systems built upon the existing well-known knowledge sources.
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Fedorova, Elena A., Svetlana O. Musienko, and Fedor Yu Fedorov. "Development of Russian Political Uncertainty Index (RPUI): Textual Analysis." Economics of Contemporary Russia, no. 2 (July 17, 2019): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2019-2(85)-52-64.
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The article is devoted to the characteristics of political uncertainty and its influence on stock market. Intensification of political factors' pressure on financial market defined the necessity to set up an indicator that will assess the political uncertainty. For this purpose factors specifying the political uncertainty were found out on the basis of existing approaches – governor's personality, parliamentary elections, civil servants' change frequency, president's election, revolutions and political regime are among the factors.There are several indicators developed on the basis of the defined factors that give an assessment of the political uncertainty level. One of the most popular – Index of Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU index) – is constructed in terms of text analysis method using the estimation of media coverage. This index became the background of developing the author's index of political uncertainty for Russian companies, which differs by analysis of a wider empirical basis and applying an extended dictionary of economic terms. In order to deepen research two indexes directed to Russia Sanctions analysis were also constructed. The high level of the developed political uncertainty index accuracy for Russia was proved during its testing on the empirical basis for period from 2013 to 2018 in comparison with EPU index. An inverse relation between the level of political uncertainty and stock index was also determined using econometric methods. Therefore, a negative influence of political uncertainty on Russian stock market was proved.
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Miles, Laura Saetveit. "Playing Editor: Inviting Students Behind the Text." Early Modern Culture Online 6, no. 1 (October 18, 2015): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/emco.v6i1.1275.
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This commentary feature considers the advantages of using textual criticism to teach Shakespeare and using Shakespeare to teach textual criticism, at both the undergraduate and graduate level. First I discuss how to do this in practical terms, by suggesting some specific, concrete activities that bring an editorial approach into the classroom: interactive ‘editorial exercises’ that involve micro to macro textual problems. Then I discuss what is to be gained by teaching textual criticism through Shakespeare. Students can be profoundly transformed into critical thinkers and critical readers in four ways: 1) Healthy skepticism: i.e. undermining trust in editions, editors—and authority; 2) Healthy optimism: i.e. building a feeling of critical community; 3) Defamiliarizing the text and unsettling reading practices; 4) Combining a relish for puzzles, clues, data, detective work with the love of reading. In general this piece aims to be both a practical and philosophical consideration of the intersection of editing, Shakespeare, and teaching.
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O'Rourke, Michael, and Kamillea Aghtan. "The Divivacities of Cixous and Derrida (with a Bracketed Response." Somatechnics 4, no. 1 (March 2014): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2014.0110.
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This pair of texts, article and response – a performance poem of sorts – focuses on the sexual and textual erotics which circulate in the texts written by Jacques Derrida and Hélène Cixous for and about each other. It is based on Michael O'Rourke's ‘The Divivacities of Cixous and Derrida’, a keynote lecture delivered at the Bodies in Movement conference at Edinburgh in May of 2011 and Kamillea Aghtan's response to O'Rourke. It seeks to discuss the textual intimacies of Hélène Cixous, Jacques Derrida (and by reflection Michael O'Rourke and Kamillea Aghtan) and the various sensual bodies of text created between them. As O'Rourke enfolds his textual subjects, Aghtan repositions O'Rourke's conception of textual friendship and love in terms of her response and, by doing so, suggests a new kind of (un)balanced relationship in its writing, the creation of different amalgams and further bodies of text that are thoroughly contingent, multiplying and obstinately open-ended.
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Erritali, Mohammed. "Information Retrieval: Textual Indexing Using an Oriented Object Database." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i1.pp205-214.
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The growth in the volume of text data such as books and articles in libraries for centuries has imposed to establish effective mechanisms to locate them. Early techniques such as abstraction, indexing and the use of classification categories have marked the birth of a new field of research called "Information Retrieval". Information Retrieval (IR) can be defined as the task of defining models and systems whose purpose is to facilitate access to a set of documents in electronic form (corpus) to allow a user to find the relevant ones for him, that is to say, the contents which matches with the information needs of the user. Most of the models of information retrieval use a specific data structure to index a corpus which is called "inverted file" or "reverse index". This inverted file collects information on all terms over the corpus documents specifying the identifiers of documents that contain the term in question, the frequency of each term in the documents of the corpus, the positions of the occurrences of the word. In this paper we use an oriented object database (db4o) instead of the inverted file, that is to say, instead to search a term in the inverted file, we will search it in the db4o database. The purpose of this work is to make a comparative study to see if the oriented object databases may be competing for the inverse index in terms of access speed and resource consumption using a large volume of data.
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Afful, Isaac. "A Cross-Cultural Study of Some Selected Ghanaian and Foreign Recipes." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 1, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v1n1p29.
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<p><em>The focal aim of this study was to investigate the recipes as professional genres in Ghanaian and foreign contexts, in terms of their schematic structures and linguistic features. Using Swales’ (1990) rhetorical approach to genre analysis, the study examined 20 recipes from well-known cookbooks. The analysis and discussion of the cross-cultural study pointed to three key findings. First, it was revealed that recipes are organised in six core moves. These are recipe title, serving details, ingredients list, methods, serving suggestions and additional notes. While additional notes and nutritional value per serving were frequently used in foreign recipes, they rarely occurred in Ghanaian recipes. Second, in terms of the textual space allocated to each move, the study revealed that the method was allocated much textual space (44.7%) whereas the recipe title was allotted the least textual space (1.1%). Third, as regards the lexico-grammatical features, it was revealed that the dominant lexico-grammatical feature in recipes from both data sets was imperative verbs. The study contributes to the genre theory and serves as an impetus for further research.</em></p>
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Osiewicz, Marek. "Zróżnicowanie tekstowe, zakres i stopień normalizacji wariantywności fonetycznej w Księgach o gospodarstwie (Kraków 1549, Helena Unglerowa)." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 23, no. 2 (December 4, 2016): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2016.23.2.9.
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The article summarize a number of analysis of the phonetic variance acknowledged in the first Polish edition of Księgi o gospodarstwie by Piotr Krescentyn (Kraków 1549, H. Unglerowa). Investigated issues included: textual differentiation, scope and degree of normalization of the particular alternations. In a sample of 11 analyzed phonetic oppositions the biggest textual differentiation demonstrate: mdl- || -mgl-, jestli || jesli, biał- || białł- oraz miedzy || między. The most clearly seen border of textual forms differentiation runs between column 384 and 381a and is already known from the graphic and typographic analyses. The degree of normalization of the particular variants, diversified in terms of textual localization, allows to divide the examined antique print on 9 textual areas. Among these, two areas distinguish: Cresc61–137, with the lowest degree of normalization and the highest level of the regressive form usage, and Cresc573–605, characterized by high rates of the norm-setting variants occurrence and the progressive forms preference. Quite numerous dialect words from Wielkopolska, the most likely adopted from handwritten basis for print, appeared in the text. The results of analysis substantiate the hypothesis which attributes the translation authorship to Andrzej Glaber from Kobylin.
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Lerat, Pierre. "La combinatoire des termes. Exemple : nectar de fruits." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 22, no. 42 (August 30, 2017): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v22i42.96853.
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Terminology is henceforth based on textual analysis, although its methodology remains paradigmatic. Concordances need to be interpreted, and a theory of combinations is needed. In this article, Harris’ (1968, 1976, 1988) « operator-argument » theory is used, though words, concepts and terms are strictly distinguished. Specialised texts are made up of words as are every text, but some of them denote special concepts, and these are terms. The case of nectar de fruits, as used in EU regulations and FAO Codex alimentarius and on corporate websites, is used to show the relevance of combinatory analysis of concepts and of terms in establishing the ontology of the fruit industry.
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Huifeng, Shi. "Chiastic Structure of the Vessantara J?taka: Textual Criticism and Interpretation Through Inverted Parallelism." Buddhist Studies Review 32, no. 1 (November 26, 2015): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsrv.v32i1.25056.
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The Vessantara J?taka is not only the most popular of all the Buddhist J?taka tales, but is important in the tradition as a whole, generally considered by the Therav?din tradition to display the epitome of the Bodhisatta’s perfection of giving (d?nap?ram?). While most studies have focused on philological approaches, numerous questions as to the text’s structure and how to interpret individual parts within that structure have remained unresolved (§1. The received tradition of the Vessantara J?taka). My study shall employ the theory of ‘chiasmus’ (inverted parallelism) to shed new light on both the key message of the story and also the sub-themes within it (§2. Chiastic structures as textual approach). In terms of textual criticism, I shall first elucidate the chiastic structure of the text and discuss how this structure can provide insights on text-critical readings (§3. Textual criticism: Chiastic units and structure). In terms of interpretation, I shall then see how the structure clearly demarcates the text’s scope through its prologue and conclusion with surrounding framework, its paired parallel sub-themes, and its central climax point, all in the light of its chiastic structure (§4. Interpretation: A chiastic reading). Finally, considering broader implications, on comparison with other recently discovered Buddhist textual chiasmi I shall present a tentative hypothesis as to the origins of such structures in the ‘bodhisatt(v)a’ literary genre (§5. Conclusions: Critical and interpretive implications).
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Yıldız, Cemal, and Nil Didem Şimşek. "Evaluation of a Textual Exercise in the 6th Grade Turkish Course Workbook in Terms of Textuality." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 70 (January 2013): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.01.058.
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Kim, Chul-Kyu. "Personal pronouns in English and Korean texts: A corpus-based study in terms of textual interaction." Journal of Pragmatics 41, no. 10 (October 2009): 2086–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2009.03.004.
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Batyushkina, M. V. "Genus – Species and Whole – Part Relations in Legal Terms." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1050–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1050-1060.
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The research featured the way legal terms express the genus – species relationship (hyperonyms vs. hyponyms) and whole – part relationship (holonyms vs. meronyms / partonyms). The article introduces the basic differences in the relations of these types, as well as terminological variants. The author specified the related research terminology, the specific use of hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms in the formation of a legislative definition, and the intra-text semantic correlation of concepts expressed by these relations. The author also defined the means and ways of expressing hyper-hyponymy and holonymy-meronymy: syntactic, grammatical, punctuation, numbering, graphic, speech markers, etc. The paper describes the main functions of legal hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms: structuring the terminological system of law and the textual space of the law, official legal interpretation, the formation of an interpretation strategy, synonymous correlation, etc. It also mentions nominal (subject-conceptual, attributive) and verbal (procedural, effective) semantics. The research was based on the methods of conceptual, contextual, and comparative analysis of Russian legal texts, their classification and generalization. The research was based on Russian laws, as well as the Dictionary of Legislative Terms and Concepts, compiled by the author from federal laws.
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Batyushkina, M. V. "Genus – Species and Whole – Part Relations in Legal Terms." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1050–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1050-1060.
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The research featured the way legal terms express the genus – species relationship (hyperonyms vs. hyponyms) and whole – part relationship (holonyms vs. meronyms / partonyms). The article introduces the basic differences in the relations of these types, as well as terminological variants. The author specified the related research terminology, the specific use of hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms in the formation of a legislative definition, and the intra-text semantic correlation of concepts expressed by these relations. The author also defined the means and ways of expressing hyper-hyponymy and holonymy-meronymy: syntactic, grammatical, punctuation, numbering, graphic, speech markers, etc. The paper describes the main functions of legal hyponyms / hyperonyms and holonyms / meronyms: structuring the terminological system of law and the textual space of the law, official legal interpretation, the formation of an interpretation strategy, synonymous correlation, etc. It also mentions nominal (subject-conceptual, attributive) and verbal (procedural, effective) semantics. The research was based on the methods of conceptual, contextual, and comparative analysis of Russian legal texts, their classification and generalization. The research was based on Russian laws, as well as the Dictionary of Legislative Terms and Concepts, compiled by the author from federal laws.
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Creese, Helen. "Curious Modernities: Early Twentieth-Century Balinese Textual Explorations." Journal of Asian Studies 66, no. 3 (August 2007): 723–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911807000940.
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The engagement of Balinese writers and intellectuals with the modern world began well before the final incorporation of the island into the Dutch colonial state in 1906–8. This essay analyzes three Balinese texts, each belonging to a different traditional Balinese literary genre, that were written around the beginning of the twentieth century. These texts, which deal with world events and geography, are Balinese reworkings of material from printed sources into indigenous forms of textual representation. They represent some of the earliest documented shifts toward modernity by indigenous Balinese writers and embody attempts to engage with modernity as a way of both understanding the West and coming to terms with new technologies. As examples of a localized translation of the foreign and the modern, they provide insights into how elite Balinese understandings of modernity were being constituted at the turn of the century.
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Uricchio, William. "A Turn in the Road of Media Studies." Nordic Journal of Media Studies 2, no. 1 (June 7, 2020): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/njms-2020-0014.
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AbstractWhether in the form of Google searches, interactive games, or responsive textual environments, the reassuring subject-object binary so fundamental to the modern era's representation systems is fast slipping away. In its place, a recursive epistemological order that actively parses the subject and shapes the textual world is fast emerging, posing challenges to established notions of agency and to narrative as a cultural operating system. Assessments of the terms and implications of this shift will benefit from the distinctive analytic perspective that distinguishes the Nordic from many of its Anglo-American and European peers.
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Xu, Dan, and Pengcheng Liang. "Assessing the Writing Task: Do Pictures Change What Students Write?" Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0808.04.
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This article reports an empirical study which compared the effects of different writing tasks on the writing products of EFL students. This study recruited 50 students from two natural classes in a Chinese university. In the pre-test, they were given the same writing task with only textual instruction and no difference was found in their writing quality. In the test, one class was given graphic novel with textual information, while the other class was given the same graphic novel without textual information. It finds that the group given graphic novel performed better than the other group in terms of content richness, plot development, organization, and language accuracy. It concludes that graphic novel is a better way to scaffold EFL student’s narrative writing and visual information should be included in EFL literacy curricula.
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Tsuji, Keita, and Kyo Kageura. "Extracting morpheme pairs from bilingual terminological corpora." Terminology 7, no. 1 (December 7, 2001): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.7.1.08tsu.
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An HMM-based method for extracting bilingual morpheme pairs from domain-specific bilingual term lists is reported in this paper. In recent years, many bilingual term lists have become available in electronic form. If the bilingual morpheme pairs in the lists are automatically identified, they can be used as bootstrapping information for the automatic identification of bilingual term pairs in bilingual textual corpora. Or, they can be used for automatically extracting translation rules of complex terms. In our method, Japanese terms are segmented into morphemes while at the same time the corresponding Japanese-English morpheme pairs are identified. The advantage of our method is that it requires no pre-processing tool such as a morphological analyser. The result of the experiment was quite satisfactory, our method achieved well over 80% precision and recall.