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El-Awa, Salwa M. S. "Textual relations in Qur'ān : relevance, coherence and structure /." London : Routledge, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400490501.
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Fuchs, Juliana Thiesen. "Rhetorical Structure Theory: limites e possibiliades de representação da organização textual." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2569.
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Previous issue date: 12Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Nesta dissertação de mestrado, procuro mostrar a contribuição de determinadas concepções de organização textual para a representação do texto realizada pelo modelo da Rhetorical Structure Theory – RST (Mann; Thompson, 1988). A RST é uma teoria que explica a estrutura textual por meio de um modelo de relações que se estabelecem, recursivamente, entre partes do texto consideradas pelo analista como núcleos e satélites. Porém, apesar de abarcar a coerência retórica relacional, a RST, como teoria, não lida com outras concepções que dêem conta do processo complexo de organização textual. Dessa forma, como modelo, ela representa o texto de forma limitada. Neste trabalho, investigo a possibilidade de a RST ser associada a determinadas concepções de organização textual, como a relação entre texto e contexto e o processo estratégico top-down de formação do texto. Para tanto, realizo uma investigação em duas partes: uma teórica e uma de análise. Na parte teórica, apresento um quadro teórico que embasa as concepções de
In this master’s degree paper work, I aim to show the contribution of some conceptions of textual organization to the text representing process carried out by Rhetorical Structure Theory – RST (Mann; Thompson, 1988). RST is a theory that explains the text structure by postulating a model of relations which recursively hold between parts of text labeled nucleus or satellite by the analyst. However, even accounting for the rhetorical relational coherence, RST, as a theory, doesn’t include other conceptions to account for the complex process of textual organization. Thus, as a model, it produces a limited text representation. In this paper work, I investigate the possibility of associating RST with some conceptions of textual organization, like the relationship between text and context and the top-down strategic process of text construction. To do so, I carry out an investigation in two parts: a theoretical one and an analytical one. In the theoretical part, I show a theoretical framework that supports the conce
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Gharipour, Mohammad. "Pavilion structure in Persianate gardens: reflections in the textual and visual media." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33831.
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The pavilion structure has been an integral part of Persianate gardens since its earliest appearance at the Achaemenid garden in Pasargadae (sixth century BC). Despite its significance, the scholarly focus on the study of gardens has somewhat sidelined the study of the pavilions and even neglected the cultural context of the development of the pavilions. The pavilion as a theme appears after the maturation of the concept of paradise as a garden in Near Eastern mythological and religious texts. The Quran is the first known text that integrated the two concepts of pavilion and garden in the imaginary paradise. Later, Persian poetry defines specific relationships between human beings, pavilions, and gardens while stressing the psychological and material values of pavilions and gardens.
Three types of resources were consulted to reconstruct the image of pavilion: literary documents (including mythology and poetry), different types of art (ranging from painting to carpets), and historical accounts. Referring to these allows us to explore the diversity of the pavilion's image in each medium and its degree of correspondence to reality. This dissertation explores the diversity of the pavilion (tent, kiosk, or building), its spatial, formal, and functional relationship with gardens as a flexible entity, and its cultural use. The historical accounts discussed in this dissertation prove the existence of buildings in gardens, the common use of tents as temporary residences, gender specificity of pavilions, and the multi-functionality of gardens for encampments, administrative affairs, and pilgrimages.
The pavilion as building is well documented in both visual and literary media. While poetry draws a clear boundary between the garden and building as separate entities, painting merges or separates the building and garden (as courtyard or planted area) physically, formally, and symbolically. The building in poetry is usually associated with the materialistic world, whereas the garden is often associated with the ideal world. This is, to some extent, visible in paintings in which the geometrical design of the building and the courtyard acts as a reference to the material world. The frequent reference to iwan as a consistent design element in painting and travelers' accounts proves its significance as an intermediate space between inside and outside the pavilion as a building.
Tents in gardens appear less frequently in poetry and painting than they do in textual sources. On the other hand, historical documents rarely point to kiosks or semi-open spaces in gardens, whereas kiosks are widely developed in paintings. The examination of paintings also reveals formal and functional similarities between the throne and kiosk. The kiosk appears in close physical and visual contact with natural components of gardens, and even serves as a connector between the garden and building. The pavilion as a kiosk is, however, to a large extent absent in poetry and historical documents probably due to the dominant interest in buildings. This research proves the dominant cultural view on the functional flexibility of Persianate gardens between the 14th and 18th centuries in using pavilion structures varying in form, function, and scale.
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Moraitis, Catherine. "The art of David Lean : a textual analysis of audio visual structure." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250344.
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Moraitis, Catherine. "The art of David Lean : a textual analysis of audio-visual structure /." [Milton Keynes] : Authorhouse, 2004. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9781420899504.
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Mackenzie, Robin Malcolm James. "'L'inconscient' in Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu : narratorial content and textual structure." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357775.
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Oliveira, Giovana Flávia de. "Estrutura composicional em contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14377.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-23The compositional structure of Marina Colasanti s fairy tales is the subject of this Doctoral dissertation, which is inserted in the research line Oral and written text and discourse of the Postgraduate Studies Program in Portuguese Language at the Catholic University of São Paulo. Our hypothesis is that Marina Colasanti s fairy tales have regularity in its compositional structure with text plans consisting of complete narrative sequences, comprising the five basis narrative macropropositions (ADAM, 2011). Guided by this proposition, we define the following research questions: how are the text plans in Marina Colasanti s fairy tales with regard to narrative sequences? How are the narrative sequences organized in each part of the text plan of the author s fairy tales? Our goal is to verify the narrative compositional structure in Marina Colasanti s fairy tales. In order to achieve this goal, we set the following objectives: a) identify the text plans in the fairy tales of the author, based on the narrative sequences; b) describe the organization of narrative sequences in each part of these fairy tales text plans; c) analyze the characteristics of text plans and narrative sequences of the author s fairy tales; d) characterize the compositional structure of Marina Colasanti s fairy tales. The theoretical-methodological basis consists of the assumptions of Textual Linguistics and Textual Analysis of the Discourses. The corpus of this research, which is descriptive, with interpretative basis, consists of six fairy tales of Marina Colasanti, two published in the book Uma ideia toda azul, and four published in the book Doze reis e a moça no labirinto do vento. We establish as categories of analysis the basis narrative macropropositions. Through the analysis undertaken, we observed that the text plans in Marina Colasanti s fairy tales, with regard to narrative sequences, have two levels of organization, a global and a local one. At the global level, regularity appears in complete narrative sequences. At the local level, regularity appears in some aspects of the organization of the narrative sequences, specifically in the configuration of the female characters, in the spatial organization, in the temporality and in the action sequences
A estrutura composicional dos contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti constitui o tema desta tese, que se insere na linha de pesquisa Texto e discurso nas modalidades oral e escrita do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Língua Portuguesa da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo. Nossa hipótese é que os contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti têm regularidade em sua estrutura composicional com planos de texto compostos por sequências narrativas completas, constituídas pelas cinco macroproposições narrativas de base (ADAM, 2011). Guiados por essa proposição, definimos as seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: como se constituem os planos de texto dos contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti no que diz respeito às sequências narrativas? Como se organizam as sequências textuais narrativas em cada parte do plano de texto dos contos de fadas da autora? Temos como objetivo geral verificar a estrutura composicional narrativa em contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti. De modo a alcançarmos esse objetivo, estabelecemos como objetivos específicos: a) identificar os planos de texto nos contos de fadas da autora, considerando como base as sequências textuais narrativas; b) descrever a organização das sequências textuais narrativas em cada parte do plano de texto desses contos de fadas; c) analisar as características dos planos de texto e das sequências textuais narrativas dos contos de fada da autora; d) caracterizar a estrutura composicional dos contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti. O embasamento teórico-metodológico é constituído pelos pressupostos da Linguística Textual e da Análise Textual dos Discursos. O corpus desta pesquisa, que é descritiva, de base interpretativa, é composto por seis contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti, dois publicados no livro Uma ideia toda azul e quatro publicados no livro Doze reis e a moça no labirinto do vento. Estabelecemos como categorias de análise as macroproposições narrativas de base. Por meio da análise empreendida, observamos que os planos de texto dos contos de fadas de Marina Colasanti, no que diz respeito às sequências textuais narrativas, apresentam dois níveis de organização, um global e um local. No nível global, a regularidade aparece nas sequências narrativas completas. No nível local, a regularidade aparece em alguns aspectos da organização das sequências textuais narrativas, mais especificamente na configuração das personagens femininas, na organização espacial, na temporalidade e nas sequências acionais
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Agapītós, Panagiṓtīs A. "Narrative structure in the Byzantine vernacular romances : a textual and literary study of "Kallimachos", "Belthandros" and "Libistros /." München : Institut für Byzantinistik und neugriechische Philologie der Universität, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357139460.
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Mirahayuni, Ni Ketut School of Modern Language Studies UNSW. "Investigating textual structure in native and non-native English research articles : strategy differences between English and Indonesian writers." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Modern Language Studies, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19068.
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Research into English research articles (RAs) has largely been focused on articles produced by native English writers. This thesis aims to investigate the textual structure of research articles written by non-native English writers, which may contribute to their acceptance for international publication. A comparison is made between RAs written by native English speakers, Indonesian writers writing in English, and Indonesian writers writing in Indonesian, all in the field of Language and Language Teaching. It explores the relation of text's generic structure, context and linguistic realization. The thesis develops a framework for the generic structure analysis based on Swales' CARS model of moves. A complementary analysis using Systemic-Functional Linguistics' (SFL) approach to texture, namely, text's method of development and structure of information, is conducted to further reveal the textual strategies of the different groups. The findings indicate significant differences in both forms and functions of textual strategies between the native and non-native texts. The differences may partly be due to the influence of writing practices in the non-native writers' first language and partly to the writer's attempt to find an appropriate format in the absence of well-established research writing conventions in the first language. Consequently, non-native English texts may show textual features and organising strategies unfamiliar to both the native English and native Indonesian texts. Findings from the research highlight two issues. First, formal and functional differences of generic structure elements and their realizations between the native and non-native English texts may disadvantage the non-native writers, particularly with regards to employment of unfamiliar organizational strategies. Second, besides knowledge of formal generic structure, more importantly, non-native English writers need to acquire the knowledge of the nature of scientific writing in English in order to achieve full control of the writing process and thus produce successful writing. The implications for further research and the teaching of academic writing are discussed.
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Agebjörn, Jennie, and Cecilia Stolt. "Att bygga en bro mellan två språk : En språkanalys av två matematikläromedel för årskurs 3." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49532.
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The aim of the study is to perform a linguistic analysis of mathematics textbooks. Mathematical text exercises are built up of linguistic structures which are significant for the pupil’s understanding of text exercises. Two different mathematics textbooks for grade three are analysed: Prima matematikand Tummen upp. The aim is to investigate how text exercises in mathematics textbooks are linguistically structured. The study analyses the style, form and content of the text and its relation to the reader. The result shows that the content of the text exercises is close to the pupil’s everyday reality, which ensures a close and strong relationship between the writer and the reader. Something which can entail difficulties for reading comprehension, however, is that the form consists of meaning-bearing mathematical terms which it can be difficult to relate to. Since the mathematical language and the everyday Swedish language meet in text exercises, it is important that they interact well with each other.
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Onstott, Wilson Wright. "Articulation as an Act of Futility: A Deconstructive Exploration of Textual Articulation as It Functions within a First-Person Narrative Structure." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2198.
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The inability of language to convey complete meaning and truth is a central point of address for much post-structuralist literary theory and criticism. When these theories are applied to a first-person narrative structure, whether it is a work of fiction or non-fiction, certain specific incongruities arise. When a narrative seeks to recall certain events, a presupposed reexamination takes place as the narrative unfolds text comes into being. If a narractice is contructed in this way then the intent of the text then is to convey comprehensive meanings or truths of those cataloged experiences. According Deconstructive Theory, it is language's inherent nature to resist ultimate meaning. This focus on the articulation of truth is futile because meaning, like language, is always already in a state of fragmentation. This project explores five individual works from different literary traditions-ranging from the canonical to the relatively obscure. The works exhibit various approaches to articulation; including varying degrees of self-definition, personal fiction, and narrative movement toward inarticulation.
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Anderson, Joel Edmund. "Isaiah 7:14 : identity and function within the bookend structure of Proto-Isaiah." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01152009-090940.
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Knowles, Carol. "Reading against the grain : a metadisciplinary framework for poststructural and counterideological textual analysis with specific application to the problem of subject and structure." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13825.
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Includes bibliographies.The main objective of this dissertation is the formulation of a framework within which counterideological discourse analysis and poststructural multiple interpretations can be systematically and reflexively applied to texts. The interest in developing a poststructural interpretive framework is based on prior work done on this subject by J.B. Thompson (1984 ;1990). Thompson's work focuses on the development of a comprehensive and integrated analytical framework for the analysis of ideology, critically defined in terms of the mobilization of meaning to sustain relations of domination. The framework has an intentionally inclusive and amoebic character which makes it adaptable to use within multiple and specific interpretive interests, while at the same time providing a broader interpretive system for reflection on these specific uses and interests. The different uses can be articulated and applied within the more general structure of the framework. This makes comparative evaluation of multiple strategies of interpretational analyses possible. The dissertation is an attempt at a test fornulation and exposition of both the specific and the general aspects of the framework.
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Ulker, Eser Meltem. "A Comparative Analysis Of Thesis Guidelines And Master Thesis Abstracts Written In English At Universities In Turkey And In The Usa." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614008/index.pdf.
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This study examines master of art (MA) theses abstracts written in English in terms of their texual structures. In order to design a comparative study, abstracts are collected from universities (i) with a guideline in Turkey (ii) without a guideline in Turkey and (iii) with a guideline in the USA. 94 abstracts, randomly selected from these three groups of universities, are analyzed according to a content criteria list
developed on the basis of Swales (1981, 1990, 2004), and Hyland&rsquos (2000) textual structure models and content instructions provided in thesis writing guidelines. The analysis of data is accomplished using MS Excel 2010 ve SPSS 16.0. The comparison between abstracts written at universities with and without a guideline in Turkey revealed a significant difference in terms of methodology and statement of the problem. Also, with regards to the order of the rhetorical elements (Introduction+Methodology+Results+Conclusion), universities with a guideline in Turkey displayed more consistency than the universities without a guideline. As for the comparison between the universities with a guideline in Turkey and the USA, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the two abstract sets in terms of their methodology, results, and conclusion parts. Besides, the texual pattern analysis showed that abstracts collected from universities with a guideline in Turkey follow a more consistent order than their counterparts in the USA. The results of the thesis have pedagogical implicatons for students, teachers, academics who prepare thesis writing guidelines, and researchers who want to make publications internationally.
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Trindade, Zélia do Socorro Pinto. "A lenda do Açaí recontada por alunos do ensino fundamental: a macro-organização textual e as escolhas léxico-gramaticais coesivas e avaliativas sob a ótica da perspectiva sistêmico-funcional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14132.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-03Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This study, which is part of the Project DIRECT (LAEL-PUC/SP), aims to analyze written narratives produced by students in 5th and 8th grades of two public schools in Santana, a town of Amapá State. The corpus consists of 90 narratives written by students from these two schools (one located in the urban area and other in the outskirts). We have chosen to focus on narratives (Martin & Rose, 2008), because we do believe that working with this genre is a powerful tool in order to approach culture and encourage learners to come closer to the world of reading, besides the fact that narrative is the genre which is most present and dealt with at school. The narrative chosen was "The legend of Açaí , typical of the Amazon region. The data were collected during the production activity of text, in which the teacher-researcher told the story to the students and asked them to reproduce it. The research aims to carry out a qualitative/quantitative data, analyzing textual structure, cohesion (conjunctive elements) and evaluative lexical items (appraisal). To do this we used the theoretical framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday, 1985, 1994; Halliday and Matthiessen, 2004; Halliday and Hasan, 1976 and their followers) who sees language as a result of socio-cultural context, with its focus is the study of language in use, focusing on the social nature of meaning production and the cultural and situational context of the speakers/writers. The analysis were carried out with the support of methodological tools offered by the Corpus Linguistics (LC) (Berber-Sardinha, 2004), more specifically the computer program WordSmith Tools (Scott, 1999). The results lead us to believe that the difficulties of writing submitted by students in question seem to be related more to the mismatch between age-range than the socioeconomic context, since the students the context of the periphery, in many respects, proved to have fewer problems writing that his colleagues in the urban context
Este trabalho, inserido no Projeto DIRECT (LAEL-PUC/SP), tem como objetivo analisar narrativas escritas produzidas por alunos de 5ª e 8ª séries de duas escolas públicas do município de Santana, Estado do Amapá. O corpus de estudo é composto por 90 narrativas de alunos de duas escolas públicas (urbana e periférica). A opção por narrativas (Martin e Rose, 2008) se deu por acreditarmos que o trabalho com esse gênero constitui-se um rico instrumento de resgate cultural e de aproximação prazerosa da criança com o mundo da leitura e também por ser o gênero mais presente e trabalhado na escola. A narrativa escolhida foi A lenda do açaí , típica da Região Amazônica. Os dados foram coletados durante atividade de produção de texto, na qual a professorapesquisadora contou a história para os alunos e eles a escreveram. A pesquisa se propõe à realização de uma análise qualitativa/quantitativa dos dados, analisando a estrutura textual, a coesão (elementos conjuntivos) e o léxico avaliativo atitudinal (avaliatividade). Para isso, adotamos o arcabouço teórico da Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional (Halliday, 1985, 1994; Halliday e Matthiessen, 2004; Halliday e Hasan, 1976 e seus seguidores), que vê a língua como fruto do contexto sócio-cultural, tendo seu foco no estudo da linguagem em uso, centrando-se na natureza social de produção de significados e na contextualização cultural e situacional dos falantes/escritores. As análises foram realizadas com o apoio do instrumental metodológico oferecido pela Lingüística de Corpus (LC) (Berber-Sardinha, 2004), mais especificamente pelo Programa Computacional WordSmith Tools (Scott, 1999). Os resultados nos levam a crer que as dificuldades de escrita apresentadas pelos alunos em questão parecem estar relacionadas mais ao desencontro entre idade-série do que ao contexto socioeconômico, uma vez que os alunos do contexto de periferia, em vários aspectos, demonstraram ter menos problemas de escrita que seus colegas do contexto urbano
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Silva, Giselle Sampaio. "Água viva: imagens no tempo do olhar." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5333.
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Analisar a ficção Água Viva, de Clarice Lispector, é o desafio desta dissertação, que integra autor, texto e leitor em uma discussão acerca de experiência estética e estrutura textual. Partindo de conceitos desenvolvidos pela Teoria do Efeito Estético, de Wolfgang Iser, o objetivo a ser atingido é o de identificar as ferramentas utilizadas pela autora Clarice Lispector que fazem de seu texto potência estética a ser desencadeada pelo leitor no ato da leitura. Ao investigar a estrutura desta obra, encontram-se elementos que tornam vulneráveis concepções pré-estabelecidas acerca da literatura, abrindo-se em vazios constitutivos que convidam o leitor a participar da criação de significações e da experimentação dos sentidos. A aproximação entre texto e artes plásticas, principalmente à pintura, tem forte presença nesta obra, que provoca a formação de imagens no momento do contato com o texto, acontecimento em que se fundem tempo e espaço para a irrupção do instante-já. Procurou-se, ainda, identificar tendências comuns entre a produção deste texto de Clarice Lispector e os questionamentos presentes em outras manifestações artísticas da época, notadamente quanto ao caráter transitório que a arte dos anos 70 assume, fazendo com que o próprio movimento, a própria transformação, tornem-se estrutura da arte de entãoTo analyse the ficction Água Viva, by Clarice Lispector, is the challenge of this lecture, that interacts author, text and reader in a debate about aesthetic experience and text structure. Starting with Aesthetic Effects Theory concepts, by Wolfgang Iser, the goal is identify the authors tools that makes a text aesthetic potency to be unchainned by the reader on the act of reading. Search into the text structure, is possible to find elements that turn vulnerable established conceptions about literature, beside open constitutives vacuities that invites the reader to join the creation of meanings and experimentation of senses. Put together text and plastic arts, meanly paint, has a strong appearence in this text, that incites images rise at the moment of contact with text, happening in which time and space comes together to the iruption of instante-já. Identify common tendencies between this text production and the artistic questions of that age has been seek, notedly about transitory feature thar 70 arts assume, making the movement, the transformation itself, turn the art structure of this time
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Ferreira, Raquel Linares. "O gênero crônica e suas peculiaridades tipológicas: texto e discurso nas modalidades oral e escrita." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14379.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-24Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This work has as its object of analysis the typological peculiarities present in chronicle a written discursive genre. We will treat genre as a multidimensional phenomenon. We are aiming to a social and interactional investigation with the language. We will analyze the textual occurrences that characterize the chronicle genre of discourse; the detailing and deepening of its occurrence peculiarities, depending upon its circulation and social consumption. This work has as its theme the observation of the chronicle genre and their typological peculiarities. We have made the analysis of the corpus with the application of theoretical fundamentation in order to prove the typological differences of reflective, lyrical and humoristic chronicle, analyzing the thematics, verbal style and the peculiarities of the compositional form, suitable to differentiate and characterize them .The basis for description of the discourse genre is founded on scholars such as Luiz Antônio Marcuschi (2003) Textual Production, Genre Analysis and Understanding, Bakhtin (1992, 1997, 2003), & Dolz. Schneuwly (2004, p. 116), Meurer (2000, 2005). The approaches of the perspectives of the genre of discourse are grounded in the article of author Rodrigo Costa. To approach the concept of discursive genres, particularly the chronicle genre and its characteristics, we had look for support in Coutinho (1976,1978,1997), Coaracy (1961), Arrigucci (1987), Sa (1985), Beltran (1992), Candide ( 1980), Fargoni (1993), Konzen (2002), Moses (1987), rabbit (2002), Cony (2002), Mello (2002) and Fávero (2005) among others. The result of the analysis presents, in fact, the occurrence of the typologies mentioned in the chronicles, both in relation to the textual occurrences and the thematic strategies, verbal style and compositional structure and linguistic resources of orality (dialogues) built into the literature
Este trabalho tem como alvo de análise as peculiaridades tipológicas presentes na crônica - gênero discursivo escrito. Trataremos o gênero como um fenômeno multidimensional. Objetivamos investigação sócio-interacionista sobre a linguagem. Analisaremos as ocorrências textuais que caracterizam o gênero do discurso crônica; o detalhamento e aprofundamento de suas peculiaridades de ocorrência, dependendo de sua circulação e de seu consumo social. Este trabalho tem como tema o gênero crônica e suas peculiaridades tipológicas. Efetuamos a análise do corpus com a aplicação da fundamentação teórica, a fim de comprovarmos as diferenças tipológicas da crônica reflexiva, lírica e humorística, analisando as temáticas, o estilo verbal e as peculiaridades da forma composicional, próprios para diferenciá-las e caracterizá-las. A base para descrição do gênero do discurso fundamenta-se em estudiosos como, Luiz Antônio Marcuschi (2003) Produção Textual, Análise de gêneros e compreensão, Bakhtin (1992, 1997, 2003), Dolz &. Schneuwly (2004, p. 116), Meurer (2000, 2005). As abordagens das perspectivas do gênero do discurso estão pautadas no artigo do autor Rodrigo Costa. Para abordarmos o conceito de gêneros discursivos, especialmente do gênero crônica e suas características, buscamos apoio em Coutinho (1976,1978,1997), Coaracy (1961), Arrigucci (1987), Sá (1985), Beltrão(1992), Cândido (1980), Fargoni (1993), Konzen (2002), Moisés (1987), Coelho(2002), Cony(2002), Melo(2002) e Fávero (2005) entre outros.O resultado das análises apresenta, de fato, a ocorrência das tipologias referidas nas crônicas tanto em relação às ocorrências textuais quanto das estratégias temáticas, estilo verbal e estrutura composicionall e nos recursos linguísticos da oralidade (diálogos) construídos na literatura
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Kubitsky, Torninger Isabella. "Helga registrerar, Doktor Glas spekulerar : Intertextualitet i Bjarne Moelvs Helgas offer – dagboksroman om ett brott och Hjalmar Söderbergs Doktor Glas." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-176467.
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Uppsatsen syftar till att studera intertextualiteten i Bjarne Moelvs Helgas offer – dagboksroman om ett brott och Hjalmar Söderbergs Doktor Glas. Tyngden i analysen ligger på Moelvs roman, under det att Doktor Glas tjänar som belysande jämförelsematerial. Analysen består av tre delar där den textuella strukturen, perspektivet och berättarstrukturen undersöks. Resultaten visar att romanerna uppvisar flera stilistiska likheter men även tydliga skillnader när det gäller jagberättarens framställning. Moelv distanserar sig från det kvinnliga berättarjaget genom att begränsa henne till en iakttagare. Detta ger uttryck för en framställning som konstrueras ur ett genussystem där manliga normer slår igenom i representationer av kvinnor.
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Chulist, Robert. "Structure and Properties of Twin Boundaries in Ni-Mn-Ga Alloys." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-70998.
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Ni-Mn-Ga alloys close to the stoichiometric composition Ni2MnGa belong to the quite new family of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. These alloys are characterized by the magnetic field induced strain (MFIS) based on the comparably easy motion of twin boundaries under a magnetic field. They are mostly chosen as a potential candidate for practical application especially promising for actuators and sensors because they are showing the largest MFIS so far. Depending on the chemical composition and heat treatment, at least three martensitic structures can be distinguished in the Ni-Mn-Ga system. However, the effect mentioned above only exists in two modulated structures. Since for the intended application of MFIS in technology polycrystalline materials seem to be more appropriate in contrast to single crystals, the specific polycrystalline aspects are considered. Factors important for decreasing the twinning stress and increasing the twinning strain of polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys are texturing, adjusting the structure by annealing and training by thermomechanical treatments.
To achieve pronounced MFIS in polycrystals, fabrication processes are needed to produce specific strong textures. The material texturing has been obtained by directional solidification and plastic deformation by hot rolling and hot extrusion as well as high pressure torsion (HPT). To examine the texture of coarse-grained Ni-Mn-Ga alloys (due to a solidification process or dynamic recrystallization), diffraction of synchrotron radiation and neutrons was applied. The texture results show that the texture of Ni-Mn-Ga subjected to directional solidification, hot rolling and hot extrusion is a fibre or weak biaxial texture. However, local synchrotron measurements reveal that the global fibre texture of the hot extruded sample is a ”cyclic” fibre texture, i.e. it is composed of components related to the radial direction rotating around the extrusion axis. This allows finding regions with a strong texture component. The texture after HPT is characterized by a strong cube with the cube favourably oriented.
The initial microstructure of the Ni-Mn-Ga alloys is a typical self-accommodated microstructure of martensite. High resolution EBSD mappings show macro, micro twins and two types of microstructure. The twin plane is determined to be {110). In a typical martensitic transformation the high-temperature phase has a higher crystallographic symmetry than the low-temperature phase. Consequently, austenite may transform to several martensitic variants, the number of which depends on the change of symmetry during transformation. Generally, in a cubic-to-tetragonal transformation (5M case) three variants can form with the c-axis oriented close to the three main cubic axes of austenite. However, close examination of the high resolution EBSD mapping reveals that more than just three orientations, as expected from the Bain model, exist in Ni50Mn29Ga21. Each of three Bain variants may be split in some twin relations in different regions of the sample which differ from each other by about few degrees creating a much higher number of variants.
The training process, as the last step in the preparation procedure of Ni-Mn-Ga alloys, consists of multi-axis compression finally leading to a single-variant state. Compression of polycrystalline samples leads to motion of those twin boundaries changing the volume fraction of particular martensitic variants in such a way that the shortest axis (c-axis) becomes preferentially aligned parallel to the compression axis. It allows reducing the twinning stress and maximizing the twinning strain. To understand the training process in more detail, the interaction of the twin variants with the neighbourhood of parent austenite grains was investigated.
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Ammari, Ahmad N. "Transforming user data into user value by novel mining techniques for extraction of web content, structure and usage patterns. The Development and Evaluation of New Web Mining Methods that enhance Information Retrieval and improve the Understanding of User¿s Web Behavior in Websites and Social Blogs." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5269.
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The rapid growth of the World Wide Web in the last decade makes it the largest publicly accessible data source in the world, which has become one of the most significant and influential information revolution of modern times. The influence of the Web has impacted almost every aspect of humans' life, activities and fields, causing paradigm shifts and transformational changes in business, governance, and education. Moreover, the rapid evolution of Web 2.0 and the Social Web in the past few years, such as social blogs and friendship networking sites, has dramatically transformed the Web from a raw environment for information consumption to a dynamic and rich platform for information production and sharing worldwide. However, this growth and transformation of the Web has resulted in an uncontrollable explosion and abundance of the textual contents, creating a serious challenge for any user to find and retrieve the relevant information that he truly seeks to find on the Web. The process of finding a relevant Web page in a website easily and efficiently has become very difficult to achieve. This has created many challenges for researchers to develop new mining techniques in order to improve the user experience on the Web, as well as for organizations to understand the true informational interests and needs of their customers in order to improve their targeted services accordingly by providing the products, services and information that truly match the requirements of every online customer.
With these challenges in mind, Web mining aims to extract hidden patterns and discover useful knowledge from Web page contents, Web hyperlinks, and Web usage logs. Based on the primary kinds of Web data used in the mining process, Web mining tasks can be categorized into three main types: Web content mining, which extracts knowledge from Web page contents using text mining techniques, Web structure mining, which extracts patterns from the hyperlinks that represent the structure of the website, and Web usage mining, which mines user's Web navigational patterns from Web server logs that record the Web page access made by every user, representing the interactional activities between the users and the Web pages in a website. The main goal of this thesis is to contribute toward addressing the challenges that have been resulted from the information explosion and overload on the Web, by proposing and developing novel Web mining-based approaches. Toward achieving this goal, the thesis presents, analyzes, and evaluates three major contributions. First, the development of an integrated Web structure and usage mining approach that recommends a collection of hyperlinks for the surfers of a website to be placed at the homepage of that website. Second, the development of an integrated Web content and usage mining approach to improve the understanding of the user's Web behavior and discover the user group interests in a website. Third, the development of a supervised classification model based on recent Social Web concepts, such as Tag Clouds, in order to improve the retrieval of relevant articles and posts from Web social blogs.
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Ammari, Ahmad N. "Transforming user data into user value by novel mining techniques for extraction of web content, structure and usage patterns : the development and evaluation of new Web mining methods that enhance information retrieval and improve the understanding of users' Web behavior in websites and social blogs." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5269.
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The rapid growth of the World Wide Web in the last decade makes it the largest publicly accessible data source in the world, which has become one of the most significant and influential information revolution of modern times. The influence of the Web has impacted almost every aspect of humans' life, activities and fields, causing paradigm shifts and transformational changes in business, governance, and education. Moreover, the rapid evolution of Web 2.0 and the Social Web in the past few years, such as social blogs and friendship networking sites, has dramatically transformed the Web from a raw environment for information consumption to a dynamic and rich platform for information production and sharing worldwide. However, this growth and transformation of the Web has resulted in an uncontrollable explosion and abundance of the textual contents, creating a serious challenge for any user to find and retrieve the relevant information that he truly seeks to find on the Web. The process of finding a relevant Web page in a website easily and efficiently has become very difficult to achieve. This has created many challenges for researchers to develop new mining techniques in order to improve the user experience on the Web, as well as for organizations to understand the true informational interests and needs of their customers in order to improve their targeted services accordingly by providing the products, services and information that truly match the requirements of every online customer. With these challenges in mind, Web mining aims to extract hidden patterns and discover useful knowledge from Web page contents, Web hyperlinks, and Web usage logs. Based on the primary kinds of Web data used in the mining process, Web mining tasks can be categorized into three main types: Web content mining, which extracts knowledge from Web page contents using text mining techniques, Web structure mining, which extracts patterns from the hyperlinks that represent the structure of the website, and Web usage mining, which mines user's Web navigational patterns from Web server logs that record the Web page access made by every user, representing the interactional activities between the users and the Web pages in a website. The main goal of this thesis is to contribute toward addressing the challenges that have been resulted from the information explosion and overload on the Web, by proposing and developing novel Web mining-based approaches. Toward achieving this goal, the thesis presents, analyzes, and evaluates three major contributions. First, the development of an integrated Web structure and usage mining approach that recommends a collection of hyperlinks for the surfers of a website to be placed at the homepage of that website. Second, the development of an integrated Web content and usage mining approach to improve the understanding of the user's Web behavior and discover the user group interests in a website. Third, the development of a supervised classification model based on recent Social Web concepts, such as Tag Clouds, in order to improve the retrieval of relevant articles and posts from Web social blogs.
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Waller, Ben. "On the analysis of structure in texture." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/364755/.
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Until now texture has been largely viewed as a statistical or holistic paradigm: textures are described as a whole and by summary statistics. In this thesis it is assumed that there is a structure underlying the texture leading to models, reconstruction and to scale based analysis. Local Binary Patterns are used throughout as the basis functions for texture and methods have been developed to reconstruct texture images from arrays of their LBP codes. The reconstructed images contain identical texture properties to the original; providing the same array of LBP codes. An evidence gathering approach has been developed to provide a model for each texture class based on the spatial structure of these elements throughout the image. This method, called Evidence Gathering Texture Segmentation, provides good results for segmentation with smooth boundaries and minimal oversegmentation, when compared with existing methods. Analysing microand macro-structures confers ability to include scale in texture analysis. A novel combination of lowpass and highpass filters produces images devoid of structures at certain scales; allowing both the micro- and macro-structures to be analysed without occlusion by other scales of texture within the image. A two stage training process is used to learn the optimum filter sizes and to produce model histograms for each known texture class. The process, called Accumulative Filtering, gives superior results compared to the best multiresolution LBP configuration and analysis only using lowpass filters. By reconstruction, by evidence gathering and by analysis of micro- and macro-structures, new capabilities are described to exploit structure within the analysis of texture.
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JOHANSSON, EMELIE. "Structure is everything." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20136.
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This work started with a shape and a technique. Finding a method in developing volumes with the material in focus has been a theme throughout the project. The boundary between material and form has been investigated, just as the transition from sketch into ready garment. The result is a colourful and expressive collection of garments for women. The composition of the collection has been put together much as when making a collage, adding one interesting piece to another. The final collection ranges from one-off crafted pieces to more commercial or reproducible garments.Program: Modedesignutbildningen
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Pignatelli, Isabella. "Etude cristallographique et cristallochimique des polytypes à longue péridode de micas." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10074/document.
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Dans cette thèse on a étudié par diffraction des rayons X des polytypes à longue période de micas, qui sont des cristaux naturels formés en condition hors équilibre dans un système magmatique. Leur séquence d'empilement peut être considérée comme une combinaison plus ou moins complexe de trois polytypes à courte période 1M, 2M1 et 3T, appelés « structures de base ». L'objectif est d'obtenir les premiers affinements structuraux des ces polytypes avec attention particulière à la distribution des cations dans chaque feuillet, car, d'après la littérature, il existe vraisemblablement une relation entre cette distribution et le mécanisme de formation de ces polytypes. Plus de 120 cristaux ont été analysés, parmi lesquels deux polytypes, dont la période est formée respectivement par 4 et 5 feuillets (indiqués comme 4M3 et 5M3 respectivement en notation de Ramsdell), ont été sélectionnés. Grâce aux résultats de l'affinement, deux interprétations de formation sont possible pour le polytype 4M3, qui prennent en considération le fait que la séquence d'empilement peut-être formée par l'inter-croissance de deux sous-structures : une 3T avec une 1M ou deux sous-structures 2M1 ; dans le dernier cas il s'agit d'un exemple de « cell-twin ». Les résultats de l'affinement structural du polytype 5M3 ont permis de prouver pour la première fois la coexistence des feuillets de type M1 et M2, qui diffèrent pour la distribution cationique dans la couche octaédrique, dans le même polytype. La formation de ces polytype peut-être due à la combinaison de deux sous-structures de base et plusieurs interprétations sont possibles : 3T+1M, 3T+2M1, 1M+2M1, ou deux 1M. Une étude géologique a été effectuée pour reconstruire l'histoire de la rhyodacite contenant les polytypes à longue période. Cette roche s'est formée suite à un mélange de magma, comme indiqué par la présence de textures de déséquilibre de plusieurs minéraux, phénomène qui semble avoir un rôle important dans la formation des ces polytypes, en incrémentant l'activation et les interactions des spirales de croissance, mais aussi les interactions spirale-cristal et cristal-cristalWe have studied by X-ray diffraction long period polytypes of micas, that are natural crystals formed far from the equilibrium condition in a magmatic system. Their stacking sequence can be considered as a more or less complex combination of three short polytypes 1M, 2M1 and 3T, called "basic structures". The aim was to obtain the first structural refinements of these polytypes, with special attention to the cationic distribution in the octahedral sheet, because, according to the literature, there seems to be a relation between this distribution and the formation of these polytypes. More than 120 crystals have been analysed, and two polytypes have been chosen, whose period is formed respectively by 4 and 5 layers (indicated as 4M3 and 5M3 respectively in Ramsdell notation). The refinement results suggest two interpretations for the formation of the 4M3 polytype, both indicating that the stacking sequence can be formed by the inter-growth of two sub-structures: a 3T with a 1M or two 2M1 sub-structures; the last case is an example of "cell twin". The results of the structural refinement of the 5M3 polytype show for the first time the coexistence of M1 and M2 types of layer, which differ for the cation distribution in the octahedral sheet, in the same polytype. The formation of this polytype can be due to the combination of two basic sub-structures and several interpretations are possible: 3T+1M, 3T+2M1, 1M+2M1, or two1M. A geological study has been done to reconstruct the history of the rhyodacite containing the long period polytypes. This rock is formed after a magma mixing, as showed by the presence of the disequilibrium textures of several minerals; this phenomenon seems to play a fundamental role for the formation of these polytypes, increasing the spiral?s activation and interactions, but also the spiral-crystal and crystal-crystal interactions
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Zinn, Yuri Lopes. "Textural, mineralogical and structural controls on soil organic carbon retention in the Brazilian Cerrados." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1131381122.
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Alotaibi, Najm. "Image region completion by structure reconstruction and texture synthesis." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/cf086ea8-bc04-4dda-b12b-239b5cb1b9dd.
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In this thesis, we present a new image completion method that automates the filling in of holes left by the removal of undesired areas in images so that the final output image is visually plausible. The reconstruction of the hole is based on the assumption that regions, particularly in natural images, tend to be spatially continuous and are only separated by the hole and must therefore be linked. Therefore, our approach is based on first creating image structure (regions boundaries) in the hole and then propagating texture from surrounding areas constrained by this structure. Structure reconstruction is performed in order to preserve the global structure of the image, by creating regions in the hole with well defined boundaries such that they match the surroundings. The images are first segmented into homogeneous regions. The regions touching the hole are then relabelled based on their colour and spatial distances. Similar regions are then linked resulting in creating a new area in the hole that will be flood-filled and then synthesised to match the surrounding structure. This reconstructed image is then used for texture synthesis as a constraint. Our texture synthesis method proposes two modifications to the generic texture synthesis method and this includes a parallel synthesis order and an iterative synthesis scheme. The parallel synthesis, in which a pixel being synthesised is independent of other pixels during any given iteration and not affected by other previously synthesised pixels, helps reducing the directional bias caused by sequential scanning orders such as the raster scan. The iterative synthesis scheme allows global randomness which will progressively converge towards fine detailed texture. This scheme ensures that the created texture has sufficient, but not excessive, randomness and does not have replications of entire patches. As a result, the method is able to convert gradually the input image into plausibly synthesised image and to remove visible boundary artifacts. The combination of the image structure and texture synthesis methods results in having an image completion method that is capable of dealing with images with large holes that are surrounded by different types of structure and texture areas.
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Marineau, Line. "Structures et symboles du corps textuel dans Laure Clouet d'Adrienne Choquette." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1985. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6060/1/000555049.pdf.
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Vempati, Vamsi Krishna. "Texture Evolution In Materials With Layered Crystal Structures." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1621942851365157.
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Paradis, François. "Un modèle d'indexation pour les documents textuels structurés." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005009.
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La plupart des modèles d'indexation en recherche d'informations sont spécifiques à une application ou à un domaine particulier, et n'exploitent pas toute la richesse des documents électroniques. Le but de ce travail est de définir un modèle d'indexation pour les documents textuels qui tienne compte de la structure et d'autres informations complémentaires au discours. Le modèle proposé comporte deux composantes : le langage de représentation, qui définit de façon conceptuelle les informations du document, y compris les index eux-mêmes, et les règles de dérivation, qui, reprenant ce langage, permettent de déduire un type particulier d'index, les thèmes. L'indexation dans notre modèle ne se contente pas de produire une représentation statique du document, mais elle est aussi dynamiquement liée au processus de correspondance ; ainsi, le choix des thèmes, tels que déterminés par les règles, est fonction du document et de l'utilisateur. Notre approche a été validée en deux temps. D'abord, un questionnaire a été soumis à un groupe d'utilisateurs afin de cerner leur processus de dérivation de thèmes. Cette validation à priori a permis de démontrer le bien-fondé de nos règles de dérivation. Puis, dans une validation à posteriori, le modèle a été implémenté et testé sur une collection de documents sgml. Cette expérimentation a demontré l'applicabilité et la flexibilité du modèle
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Loh, Angeline M. "The recovery of 3-D structure using visual texture patterns." University of Western Australia, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0101.
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[Truncated abstract] One common task in Computer Vision is the estimation of three-dimensional surface shape from two-dimensional images. This task is important as a precursor to higher level tasks such as object recognition - since shape of an object gives clues to what the object is - and object modelling for graphics. Many visual cues have been suggested in the literature to provide shape information, including the shading of an object, its occluding contours (the outline of the object that slants away from the viewer) and its appearance from two or more views. If the image exhibits a significant amount of texture, then this too may be used as a shape cue. Here, ‘texture’ is taken to mean the pattern on the surface of the object, such as the dots on a pear, or the tartan pattern on a tablecloth. This problem of estimating the shape of an object based on its texture is referred to as shape-form-texture and it is the subject of this thesis . . . The work in this thesis is likely to impact in a number of ways. The second shape-form-texture algorithm provides one of the most general solutions to the problem. On the other hand, if the assumptions of the first shape-form-texture algorithm are met, this algorithm provides an extremely usable method, in that users should be able to input images of textured objects and click on the frontal texture to quickly reconstruct a fairly good estimation of the surface. And lastly, the algorithm for estimating the transformation between textures can be used as a part of many shape-form-texture algorithms, as well as being useful in other areas of Computer Vision. This thesis gives two examples of other applications for the method: re-texturing an object and placing objects in a scene.
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Pletcher, James Alan. "Narrative structure and narrative texture in the 'Aithiopika' of Heliodorus." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15450.
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This thesis consists of four individual studies, divided into two sections; "Narrative Structure" and "Narrative Texture". The first chapter ("Heliodoros and the Conventions of Romance") addresses the issue of the essence of romance; it attempts to get behind the narrative of the Aithiopika in such a way as to reveal how Heliodoros works within the boundaries and received practice of the genre ancient romance, and how he adapts and deviates from them. The second chapter ("Hearing Voices: Incorporated Genres in the Aithiopika") deals with genre, but in a different context. This study takes a concept- incorporated genre- from the theorist M.M. Bakhtin, and applies it to Heliodoros' narrative. Here the term "genre" takes on a broader significance, meaning not the romances themselves, but types of narrative, and ways of narrating, which Heliodoros has introduced into his story. Both chapters one and two are systematic analyses of the text; they deal with how Heliodoros has structured his narrative in ways conventional and unconventional. In the final chapters the term genre encompasses specific works and literary groupings. These studies help to demonstrate how Heliodoros has fleshed out the basic structure of the Aithiopika, or, in other words, they provide a feel for some of the texture of the romance. "Heliodoros and Homer" is explicitly narratological in outlook, showing one way in which Heliodoros has provided a paradigm for reading, perhaps not just the novel itself, but specifically within the novel the references to and allusions from Homer. "Heliodoros and Tragedy" tackles the meaning of theatricality, and references to the theatre, in an author writing in the late Roman Empire. But this chapter, too, provides a glimpse at the narrative texture, especially with regard to the way in which Heliodoros co-opted yet another literary predecessor, Euripides.
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Torjmen, Mouna. "Approches de recherche multimédia dans des documents semi-structurés : utilisation du contexte textuel et structurel pour la sélection d'objets multimédia." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/673/.
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L'évolution conjointe des besoins utilisateurs et des documents électroniques ne cesse de soulever de nouvelles problématiques dans le domaine de la Recherche d'Information (RI). Si l'on considère la recherche dans des corpus de documents semi-structurés (XML), la structure des documents permet aux Systèmes de Recherche d'Information (SRI) de se focaliser sur le besoin utilisateur en renvoyant non plus des documents entiers mais des parties de document répondant de manière précise au besoin. Parallèlement à l'apparition de l'information structurelle dans les documents, l'insertion de contenus multimedia, et notamment d'images, a également soulevé de nombreuses problématiques. Afin de valoriser au mieux l'ensemble des informations multimedia disponibles, les méthodes existantes de la Recherche Multimedia (RM) doivent être adaptées. Alors que l'exploitation de la structure dans la recherche d'information textuelle a montré son intérêt, peu de travaux ont étudié son utilisation dans la recherche multimedia. La plupart des travaux existants pour la recherche multimedia structurée consistent soit à combiner une recherche XML textuelle et une recherche multimedia basée sur le contenu physique des éléments multimedia, soit à effectuer une recherche XML textuelle et ensuite à filtrer les résultats en gardant seulement ceux répondant aux besoins multimedia. L'objectif de nos travaux est de proposer des méthodes permettant de répondre aux besoins multimedia en tenant compte à la fois de la structure des documents et de la spécificité multimedia. Nos approches peuvent être appliquées à n'importe quel type de media (image, son, video) car elles sont indépendantes du contenu physique des medias, mais nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à la recherche d'images. Nos méthodes permettent ainsi soit la recherche d'éléments multimedia à travers le contexte textuel et structurel des images; soit la recherche de fragments multimedia (c'est-à-dire d'images et éventuellement de texte). Pour la recherche d'éléments multimedia, l'idée de base est de déterminer le score de pertinence de ces éléments en fonction des autres éléments non-multimedia. Le problème est alors de sélectionner les éléments à utiliser pour évaluer les scores de pertinence des éléments multimedia. . .The evolution of user needs and electronic documents raises new issues in the Information R(IR) domain. Indeed, when considering semi-structured documents (XML), the document structure allows the Information Retrieval Systems (IRS) to answer more precisely to the user information needs, by returning parts of documents instead of whole documents. With the emergence of structural information in documents, the integration of multimedia content, like images for example, has also raised many issues. To exploit all the multimedia and structural information at best, the existing methods of Multimedia Retrieval (MR) must be adapted. Although the use of the document structure in textual information retrieval has shown its interest, only a few studies have investigated its impact in multimedia retrieval. In the literature, most of the existing works in multimedia structured retrieval consists either of combining XML textual search and content-based multimedia retrieval, or of using an XML textual search and then filtering the results by keeping only those having a multimedia specification. The aim of our work is to propose methods to answer to the multimedia information needs, by taking into account both the document structure and the multimedia specificity. Our approaches can be applied on any type of media (images, audio, video) because they are independent of the physical content of the media. However, we are particularly interested in image retrieval. For multimedia elements (images) retrieval, the basic idea is to determine their relevance score thanks to the other non-multimedia elements scores. At this stage, the challenge is to select the elements used to evaluate the multimedia elements scores. For this purpose, we proposed two approaches: they are respectively based on the implicit and explicit use of textual and structural context. For multimedia fragments retrieval, we use the multimedia elements retrieved by one of the two previous methods to determine the best multimedia fragment to be returned to the user. .
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Tournier-Lasserve, Catherine. "Modeles d'analyse et de synthese de textures homogenes et inhomogenes." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066649.
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Ce travail presente quelques modeles d'analyse et de synthese de textures planes. On analyse tout d'abord une modelisation statistique par un ensemble restreint des moyennes d'espace du second ordre efficace pour les textures homogenes. Pour les textures inhomogenes, il a fallu envisage une autre modelisation basee sur les moments tripolaires, utile pour retrouver les structures de telles textures. Les modeles ont ete etendus aux textures couleur apres les avoir codees. Enfin, ces modeles ont ete enrichi afin de realiser des syntheses au niveau macroscopique sur des textures fortement structurees
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Pereira, Bruno Laecio da Silva. "Index S as indicator of quality physical in different classes of soil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8763.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorConcern for soil quality has acquired greater significance in the agricultural context. Therefore, we have sought indices assessing levels of physical deterioration suffered by the soil, depending on the management applied. The "S" index, a measure of soil physical structure, was proposed by Dexter (2004a,) and is defined by the slope of the tangent line to the inflection point of the soil water retention curve and, according to the author, is indicative of the porosity of the soil, especially its pore distribution by size and geometry. The porosity is divided into two parts: textural porosity (influenced by soil primary particles), usually related to poor water infiltration, poor workability and low physical quality; and structural porosity (determined by soil structural units), sensitive to management factors and whose presence indicates soil with good physical quality. This study aims to determine the index "S" taking into account the influence of texture and structure for different soil types from Cearà state, Brazil. Soil samples deformed structure and undeformed were collected in three distinct textural classes of soils (Ultisol, Cambisol, Entisol) in the 0-0.15 m layer The S showed sensitivity to variations in the structure and texture of soils. By multivariate analysis it was observed that the S has a greater interaction with structural variables (porosity, aggregate stability, average diameter). We conclude that the S is an indicator of physical quality of the soil and condition reflects its structural soil.
A preocupaÃÃo com a qualidade do solo tem tido grande destaque dentro do contexto agrÃcola. Diante disso, tem-se procurado Ãndices que avaliem os nÃveis de degradaÃÃes fÃsicas sofridas pelos solos, em funÃÃo do manejo aplicado. O Ãndice âSâ, parÃmetro de avaliaÃÃo da estrutura do solo, foi proposto por Dexter (2004 a), sendo definido pela inclinaÃÃo da reta tangente ao ponto de inflexÃo da curva de retenÃÃo de Ãgua no solo e, segundo o autor, à um indicativo da porosidade do solo, principalmente de sua distribuiÃÃo de poros por tamanho e geometria. A porosidade à dividida em duas partes: porosidade textural (influenciada pelo tamanho das partÃculas primÃrias do solo), geralmente associada a baixos valores de infiltraÃÃo de Ãgua, pouca trabalhabilidade e qualidade fÃsica; e porosidade estrutural (determinada pelas unidades estruturais do solo), sensÃvel a fatores de manejo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar à influÃncia da textura e da estrutura no Ãndice âSâ em diferentes solos do estado do CearÃ. As amostras de solo com estrutura deformada e indeformada foram coletadas em trÃs solos de classes texturais distintas (Argissolo Vermelho, Cambissolo HÃplico, Neossolo FlÃvico) na profundidade de 0-0,15 m. O Ãndice S mostrou sensibilidade Ãs variaÃÃes na estrutura e textura dos solos analisados. Por meio da analise multivariada foi possÃvel observar que o Ãndice S apresenta uma maior interaÃÃo com variÃveis estruturais (porosidade, estabilidade de agregados, diÃmetro mÃdio ponderado). Concluiu-se que o Ãndice S à um indicador da qualidade fÃsica do solo e reflete a sua condiÃÃo estrutural do solo.
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Martinet, Cecile. "Ageing of starch and starch-sugar systems in the glassy state." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342043.
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Bullock, Liam Adam. "Structure, emplacement and textural evolution of young obsidian lavas in the Aeolian Islands, Italy." Thesis, Keele University, 2015. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2353/.
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Silicic volcanism defines the recent volcanic activity in the Aeolian Islands, Italy. Such activity on the islands of Lipari and Vulcano has generally involved an explosive phase, ending with viscous lava extrusion and a period of quiescence. This late effusive extrusion has resulted in a number of obsidian lava flows and domes. Obsidian lavas on Lipari and Vulcano are texturally heterogeneous, and many of the young lava flows show signs of flow deformation associated with flow emplacement. Preservation of such textures and structures is important for the reconstruction of the structural and textural evolution of young obsidian lava flows, in the Aeolian Islands lavas and elsewhere. Models of emplacement of obsidian lavas are still relatively limited, and there is still a need for a detailed model for obsidian lava flow emplacement. Questions also remain regarding spherulite formation in obsidian lavas, including when spherulites begin to form, over what timescale, and their relationship to deformation. Obsidian flows on Lipari and Vulcano exhibit a number of textures relating to both magmatic and post-magmatic processes. These textures provide an opportunity to build a model that categorises textural evolution in an active volcanic setting. This study incorporates a number of petrographic, geochemical and textural methods in order to fully characterise the structure, emplacement and textural evolution of young obsidian lavas in the Aeolian Islands. The findings contribute towards our understanding of silicic volcanism in the Aeolian Islands, our overall understanding of obsidian lava flow emplacement and spherulite formation, and the complex structural and textural relationships within obsidian lavas.
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Akl, Adib. "Analyse / synthèse de champs de tenseurs de structure : application à la synthèse d’images et de volumes texturés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0009/document.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de la synthèse d’images texturées. Dans l’objectif d’assurer une reproduction fidèle des motifs et des variations d’orientations d’une texture initiale, un algorithme de synthèse de texture à deux étapes « structure/texture » est proposé. Il s’agit, dans une première étape, de réaliser la synthèse d’une couche de structure caractérisant la géométrie de l’exemplaire et représentée par un champ de tenseurs de structure et, dans une deuxième étape, d’utiliser le champ de structure résultant pour contraindre la synthèse d’une couche de texture portant des variations plus locales. Une réduction du temps d’exécution est ensuite développée, fondée notamment sur l’utilisation de pyramides Gaussiennes et la parallélisation des calculs mis en oeuvre.Afin de démontrer la capacité de l’algorithme proposé à reproduire fidèlement l’aspect visuel des images texturées considérées, la méthode est testée sur une variété d’échantillons de texture et évaluée objectivement à l’aide de statistiques du 1er et du 2nd ordre du champ d’intensité et d’orientation. Les résultats obtenus sont de qualité supérieure ou équivalente à ceux obtenus par des algorithmes de la littérature. Un atout majeur de l’approche proposée est son aptitude à synthétiser des textures avec succès dans de nombreuses situations où les algorithmes existants ne parviennent pas à reproduire les motifs à grande échelle.L’approche de synthèse structure/texture proposée est étendue à la synthèse de texture couleur. La synthèse de texture 3D est ensuite abordée et, finalement, une extension à la synthèse de texture de forme spécifiée par une texture imposée est mise en oeuvre, montrant la capacité de l’approche à générer des textures de formes arbitraires en préservant les caractéristiques de la texture initialeThis work is a part of the texture synthesis context. Aiming to ensure a faithful reproduction of the patterns and variations of orientations of the input texture, a two-stage structure/texture synthesis algorithm is proposed. It consists of synthesizing the structure layer showing the geometry of the exemplar and represented by the structure tensor field in the first stage, and using the resulting tensor field to constrain the synthesis of the texture layer holding more local variations, in the second stage. An acceleration method based on the use of Gaussian pyramids and parallel computing is then developed.In order to demonstrate the ability of the proposed algorithm to faithfully reproduce the visual aspect of the considered textures, the method is tested on various texture samples and evaluated objectively using statistics of 1st and 2nd order of the intensity and orientation field. The obtained results are of better or equivalent quality than those obtained using the algorithms of the literature. A major advantage of the proposed approach is its capacity in successfully synthesizing textures in many situations where traditional algorithms fail to reproduce the large-scale patterns.The structure/texture synthesis approach is extended to color texture synthesis. 3D texture synthesis is then addressed and finally, an extension to the synthesis of specified form textures using an imposed texture is carried out, showing the capacity of the approach in generating textures of arbitrary forms while preserving the input texture characteristics
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Van, Thournout Michèle. "Relation structure - texture - propriétés électrochimiques des titanates de lithium type ramsdellite." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20160.
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Leng, Jacques. "Structure et dynamique de la texture ognon des phases lamellaires lyotropes." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10604.
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Les phases lamellaires lyotropes sont constituees d'un empilement periodique de membranes de molecules tensioactives. Soumise a un ecoulement de cisaillement, ces phases presentent divers etats d'orientation des membranes, avec en particulier, un etat de vesicules multilamellaires monodisperses en phase compacte. La taille et l'organisation de ces vesicules etant fixees par les parametres experimentaux, cet etat offre une texture parfaitement controlee de la phase lamellaire. Dans une premiere partie, l'organisation spatiale des vesicules a ete determinee par diffusion du rayonnement a des echelles fort differentes. Nous opposons une organisation amorphe a une organisation ordonnee du positionnement spatial des vesicules. Nous avons ensuite caracterise, par des mesures mecaniques, l'elasticite de ces deux organisations. Si l'elasticite de la texture amorphe peut etre decrite comme celle d'une mousse, celle de la texture ordonnee est sensiblement independante de la taille des vesicules, remettant en cause la description de la contribution du desordre a l'elasticite de ce materiau. Nous avons ensuite caracterise la dynamique de la texture amorphe d'ognon. Sondee par diffusion quasi-elastique de la lumiere, cette texture presente deux dynamiques. La plus rapide correspond a la dynamique de fluctuation des membranes et son analyse permet la mesure des proprietes elastiques de la phase lamellaire. La dynamique lente correspond probablement a une dynamique de reorganisation de ce materiau desordonne. Enfin, dans une derniere etude, nous avons etudie la cinetique de regonflement de vesicules compressees par l'ecoulement. L'identification des mecanismes de regonflement a ete rendue possible par le couplage de differentes techniques experimentales. Le mecanisme le plus lent consiste en la permeation du solvant au travers de canaux connectant les membranes. Un modele simple nous a permis d'estimer l'evolution de la densite de ces defauts avec la temperature.
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Jassogne, Laurence. "Characterisation of porosity and root growth in a sodic texture-contrast soil." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0092.
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In Australia a class of soils known as sodic duplex soils covers approximately 20% of the continent. Their defining characteristic is a sharp texture contrast between the A (or E) and B horizon. The upper B horizon at the point of contact with the E horizon is often highly sodic and of such a high strength that root growth and proliferation, water conductivity, aeration, water storage and water uptake are restricted. Roots growing in these soils rely on channels created by previous roots or cracks arising from shrink swell forces associated with seasonal wetting and drying. It has been suggested that by increasing the number of these channels in the subsoil, the structure and permeability of the subsoil would be increased as would be the number of preferential pathways for following generation roots. A biological approach for improving soil macroporosity would be to use plants that can grow through that hostile layer creating new channels. This is known as the primer plant concept. This concept is based on a better understanding of root soil interactions. It is accepted that root growth is influenced by the soil structure and the soil structure is influenced by root growth. However, a lot of these dynamics are still unknown. This project aims to contribute to improving that knowledge by investigating the use of modern techniques to study plant/root interactions in duplex soils. First macroporosity and mesoporosity were characterized in three dimensions using medical computer tomography and micro-tomography. Then the imaging methodology was improved by using a local and adaptive threshold technique based on indicator kriging instead of a global threshold. Using this new methodology, changes in porosity were analysed in intact samples when three different plant species were grown for 12 weeks. The plants were canola (Brassica napus); lucerne (Medicago sativum) and saltbush (Atriplex nummularia) hypothesizing saltbush would change the porosity more because it is a native plant species based on the primer plant concept. The results showed that the porosity changed significantly after root growth but no ii differences were found between plant species. The changes could also not all be attributed to root growth because cracks were also formed after 12 weeks. Therefore, the living roots were visualized and characterized using a new tracing algorithm 'rootviz'. This revealed that saltbush was growing more roots down through the profile. Lucerne seemed to grow roots down the profile as well but to a lesser extend. Both of these plants seemed to have more geotropic features than canola that seemed to grow more laterals and had a more exploratory behaviour.
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Johansson, Ida. "Att återberätta glädje : En studie av struktur och språk i fem pojkars personligt återgivande texter." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-39674.
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The aim of this study is to investigate how five boys in grade 3 of compulsory school structure and use language when they write narrative texts retelling and assessing personally experienced events. This is studied by interpreting how the boys use genre steps that are typical of the structure of personal narrative texts and by detecting and naming different linguistic features in the texts. The material in the study consists of five boys’personal reports and the method, which is based on the theories of genre pedagogy (see Johansson & Sandell Ring 2012:28ff, 223f), comes from systemic functional linguistics. A central finding of the study is that the boys structure their texts in varying combinations of genre steps which commonly occur in texts of a narrative kind. Another central finding is that the language in the boys’ texts consists of many verbs and verb groups which explain that someone is acting or doing something, different discourse connectives to indicate time, along with expressions for emotions and descriptions of experiences or objects.
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Wilgus, Jason Blair. "Judgment on Israel : Amos 3-6 read as a unity." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6428.
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The last 100 years have seen biblical studies practically dominated by diachronic/historical methodologies, Amos studies have a long tradition of being read within a diachronic framework. The result of this has been an unfortunate fragmentation of the text. Within the last 40 years or so there has been a resurgence of literary studies that treat the text wholistically. Nevertheless, in research that has been done in literary studies a divergence with regard to the structure of the book as well as the function and meaning of some of its units still exists. For this reason it is necessary to approach the problem from a fresh perspective. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the literary unity of Amos 3-6. In my work I show not only the legitimacy, but also the superiority of a synchronic reading of Amos 3-6 when reading the text as a whole. The book of Amos enjoys perhaps the most scholarly interest among all of the twelve prophets, which has resulted in a large body of secondary literature. Within the book of Amos, chapters 3-6 provide a closed unit which contains the major message of the book. For this reason, these four chapters afford a suitable text to apply my reading as well as a platform on which to dialogue with secondary sources. The methodology used in this thesis is a close reading of the present form of the Masoretic Text. A major part of the work is structural analysis. Through the analysis I was able to identify meaningful units that I used for my reading of the text. In this reading I looked at keywords and semantic fields, themes, repetition, parallelism, imagery, speakers and addressees, rhetorical techniques and the overall flow of the text. In my study I have shown how Amos 3-6 should be divided into three independent yet closely related units: Amos 3:1-15; 4:1-13 and 5:1-6:14. Recognition of the structure and craftsmanship of the text draws out the singular message of Amos 3-6; that Israel could no longer avoid Yahweh’s judgment for their oppression of the poor. Even if my main conclusion is similar both to scholars who work in diachronic as well as synchronic studies, my conclusion treats the entirety of Amos 3-6 and concludes that all units within it are vital to the whole and contribute to this message of judgment. My thesis offers a solution to the fragmentary text resultant from diachronic methods as well as a corrective to synchronic readings that inadequately structure the book, resulting in an unsatisfactory overall picture of the structure and meaning of Amos 3-6.
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O'Donnell, Sean Patrick. "Textural analysis of a rhyolite dike of the southern Oklahoma aulacogen at Medicine Park, Oklahoma." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/ODonnell_09007dcc80538c85.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008.Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed October 20, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-64).
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Svolos, Andrew. "Space and time efficient data structures in texture feature extraction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299379.
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Cossette, Élise. "Crustal Seismic Anisotropy and Structure from Textural and Seismic Investigations in the Cycladic Region, Greece." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32475.
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In the first article, the seismic properties for a suite of rocks along the West Cycladic Detachment System (Greece) are calculated, using Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements and the minerals’ elastic stiffness tensors. Muscovite and glaucophane well defined crystallographic preferred orientation increases the seismic anisotropy. Maximum Pwave velocities have the same orientation as the Miocene extension and maximum S-wave anisotropy is subhorizontal, parallel with mineral alignment, suggesting strong radial anisotropy with a slow subvertical axis of symmetry. In the second article, teleseismic receiver functions are calculated for an array of stations in the Cyclades and decomposed into back-azimuth harmonics to visualise the variations in structure and anisotropy across the array. Synthetic receiver functions are modeled using the first order structural observations of seismic discontinuities and EBSD data. They indicate 5% of anisotropy with slow symmetry axis in the upper crust, and demonstrate the importance of rock textural constraints in seismic velocity profile interpretation.
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Billault, Valérie. "Texture, structure et propriétés cristallochimiques des chlorites ferreuses dans les réservoirs ferreux." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2251.
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Les chlorites ferreuses présentes dans les réservoirs gréseux ont souvent été étudiées parce que l'arrangement de ces minéraux en recouvrement de la surface des grains détritiques contribue à la préservation de la porosité des roches réservoirs enfouies à des profondeurs importantes. Cependant, malgré la quantité d'occurrences citées, relativement peu de choses sont connues sur les processus et les mécanismes de formation de ces chlorites ferreuses ainsi que leur implication en terme de préservation de porosité. Les échantillons étudiés proviennent de quatre réservoirs différents (Gabon, Syrie, Sultanat d'Oman et Norvège) et couvrent un large intervalle d'enfouissement de 1900 à 5100m (températures maximales comprises entre 90 et 170ʿC). L'étude pétrographique multiéchelle (du millimètre au nanomètre) a été réalisée en se focalisant sur les pores constituant le lieu commun à tous les réservoirs. Elle a permis de caractériser la texture des chlorites ferrifères pour pouvoir définir l'historique de mise en place de ces minéraux ainsi que les relations chlorite-substrat et chlorite-minéraux authigènes. Les études cristallographiques (DRX), microstructurales (METHR) et cristallochimiques (IRTF, analyses chimiques) ont permis de préciser le structure cristalline de ces minéraux et de tester la réponse cristallochimique aux changements de conditions de diagenèse. La chloritisation des grès est un phénomène précoce de la diagenèse dont le déroulement se fait en deux étapes. Lors d'un stade inconsolidé, un minéral précurseur (la berthiérine) recouvre les grains inhibant les processus de silicification secondaire permettant ainsi la conservation de la porosité et dans une deuxième étape après la compaction, ces particules peuvent se développer vers la porosité. La chloritisation procède par la transformation de berthiérine en chlorite par un mécanisme de transformation à l'état solide, transformation isochimique et conservatrice de la texture initiale du précurseur.
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Massüger, Lars Alexander. "Experimental extension of the texture method for structure solution of polycrystalline materials." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17498.
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Rosu, Roxana Gabriela. "Parametric approaches for modelling local structure tensor fields with applications to texture analysis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0102/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur des canevas méthodologiques paramétriques pour la modélisation de champs de tenseurs de structure locaux (TSL) calculés sur des images texturées. Estimé en chaque pixel, le tenseur de structure permet la caractérisation de la géométrie d’une image texturée à travers des mesures d’orientation et d’anisotropie locales. Matrices symétriques semi-définies positives, les tenseurs de structure ne peuvent pas être manipulés avec les outils classiques de la géométrie euclidienne. Deux canevas statistiques riemanniens, reposant respectivement sur les espaces métriques a ne invariant (AI) et log-euclidien (LE), sont étudiés pour leur représentation. Dans chaque cas, un modèle de distribution gaussienne et de mélange associé sont considérés pour une analyse statistique. Des algorithmes d’estimation de leurs paramètres sont proposés ainsi qu’une mesure de dissimilarité. Les modèles statistiques proposés sont tout d’abord considérés pour décrire des champs de TSL calculés sur des images texturées. Les modèles AI et LE sont utilisés pour décrire des distributions marginales de TSL tandis que les modèles LE sont étendus afin de décrire des distributions jointes de TSL et de caractériser des dépendances spatiales et multi-échelles. L’ajustement des modèles théoriques aux distributions empiriques de TSL est évalué de manière expérimentale sur un ensemble de textures composées d’un spectre assez large de motifs structuraux. Les capacités descriptives des modèles statistiques proposés sont ensuite éprouvées à travers deux applications. Une première application concerne la reconnaissance de texture sur des images de télédétection très haute résolution et sur des images de matériaux carbonés issues de la microscopie électronique à transmission haute résolution. Dans la plupart des cas, les performances des approches proposées sont supérieures à celles obtenues par les méthodes de l’état de l’art. Sur l’espace LE, les modèles joints pour la caractérisation des dépendances spatiales au sein d’un champ de TSL améliorent légèrement les résultats des modèles opérant uniquement sur les distributions marginales. La capacité intrinsèque des méthodes basées sur le tenseur de structure à prendre en considération l’invariance à la rotation, requise dans beaucoup d’applications portant sur des textures anisotropes, est également démontrée de manière expérimentale. Une deuxième application concerne la synthèse de champs de TSL. A cet e et, des approches mono-échelle ainsi que des approches pyramidales multi-échelles respectant une hypothèse markovienne sont proposées. Les expériences sont effectuées à la fois sur des champs de TSL simulés et sur des champs de TSL calculés sur des textures réelles. Efficientes dans quelques configurations et démontrant d’un potentiel réel de description des modèles proposés, les expériences menées montrent également une grande sensibilité aux choix des paramètres qui peut s’expliquer par des instabilités d’estimation sur des espaces de grande dimensionThis thesis proposes and evaluates parametric frameworks for modelling local structure tensor (LST) fields computed on textured images. A texture’s underlying geometry is described in terms of orientation and anisotropy, estimated in each pixel by the LST. Defined as symmetric non-negative definite matrices, LSTs cannot be handled using the classical tools of Euclidean geometry. In this work, two complete Riemannian statistical frameworks are investigated to address the representation of symmetric positive definite matrices. They rely on the a ne-invariant (AI) and log-Euclidean (LE) metric spaces. For each framework, a Gaussian distribution and its corresponding mixture models are considered for statistical modelling. Solutions for parameter estimation are provided and parametric dissimilarity measures between statistical models are proposed as well. The proposed statistical frameworks are first considered for characterising LST fields computed on textured images. Both AI and LE models are first employed to handle marginal LST distributions. Then, LE models are extended to describe joint LST distributions with the purpose of characterising both spatial and multiscale dependencies. The theoretical models’ fit to empirical LST distributions is experimentally assessed for a texture set composed of a large diversity of patterns. The descriptive potential of the proposed statistical models are then assessed in two applications. A first application consists of texture recognition. It deals with very high resolution remote sensing images and carbonaceous material images issued from high resolution transmission electron microscopy technology. The LST statistical modelling based approaches for texture characterisation outperform, in most cases, the state of the art methods. Competitive texture classification performances are obtained when modelling marginal LST distributions on both AI and LE metric spaces. When modelling joint LST distributions, a slight gain in performance is obtained with respect to the case when marginal distributions are modelled. In addition, the LST based methods’ intrinsic ability to address the rotation invariance prerequisite that arises in many classification tasks dealing with anisotropic textures is experimentally validated as well. In contrast, state of the art methods achieve a rather pseudo rotation invariance. A second application concerns LST field synthesis. To this purpose, monoscale and multiscale pyramidal approaches relying on a Markovian hypothesis are developed. Experiments are carried out on toy LST field examples and on real texture LST fields. The successful synthesis results obtained when optimal parameter configurations are employed, are a proof of the real descriptive potential of the proposed statistical models. However, the experiments have also shown a high sensitivity to the parameters’ choice, that may be due to statistical inference limitations in high dimensional spaces
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Hardian, Rifan. "Interplay between structure, texture, and reactivity in MOFs in the case of amorphous, defective, and composite materials." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0419/document.
Full textAbstract:
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) sont constitués de clusters métalliques connectés dans les ligands organiques. L'objectif principal de ma thèse était de caractériser la texture, la structure et la réactivité des MOFs dans le cas de systèmes présentant des défauts, amorphes et composites.La première étude est centrée sur les propriétés de la famille Fe-BTC et ce travail a été réalisé en collaboration avec l'Université d'Utrecht et l'Université d'Oxford. Une étude comparative entre le MIL-100(Fe) et son homologue commercial Basolite F300 (BASF) qui est amorphe ont été évaluées par l’adsorption de méthanol et d'autres techniques de caractérisation. De plus, les deux matériaux ont été testés pour être utilisés comme support pour l'imprégnation des métaux.Dans la deuxième étude, le broyage à la bille est utilisé comme stratégie de modification post-synthèse de MOFs. Le matériau ZIF-8 a été sélectionné de cas car il s'agit d'un MOF disponible dans le commerce (Basolite Z1200) et qui est en train de devenir de référence dans ce domaine. Ce chapitre examiner des propriétés flexibles, de la texture, de la structure, et la réactivité.Les MOFs UiO-66 et MOF-808 sont également analysées. Ces études ont été réalisées en collaboration avec l'Université Technique de Munich. UiO-66 contenant différents défauts d'ingénierie sont examinées. Nous avons démontré que les mesures d’adsorption de vapeur peuvent être un outil précieux pour accéder à la chimie des défauts. Le deuxième système est la série MOF-808 qu’une étude complète est présentée allant des diverses stratégies de synthèse de MOFs défectueux et composites jusqu'à leur propriété d'adsorption et de réactivitéMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous materials that constructed from metal clusters connected with organic linkers. The main objective of my PhD was to characterize the texture, structure, and reactivity of MOFs materials with a particular focus on defective, amorphous and composite materials. The first study is centered on the properties of the Fe-BTC family and this work was realized in collaboration with Utrecht University and the University of Oxford. A comparative study between crystalline MIL-100(Fe) and its commercial counterpart amorphous Basolite F300 (BASF) were studied by using methanol adsorption to predict the reactivity. Other characterization methods are introduced to investigate both materials which were further tested to be used as supports for metal-impregnation. In the next study, ball-milling was employed as a post-synthesis strategy for MOF modification. This ZIF-8 material was selected since it is commercially available (Basolite Z1200) and is becoming one of the reference materials in this area. Extensive studies including flexibility, textural, structural, as well as reactivity of different milling products is presented. Zirconium-based MOFs (UiO-66 and MOF-808) were also examined in this thesis. These studies were performed in collaboration with TU Munich. UiO-66 series containing engineered defects are first examined. We demonstrated that vapor adsorption measurement is a valuable tool to access the chemistry of the defects. The second studied system is MOF-808 series, where a comprehensive study is presented starting from synthesis strategies of defective and composite MOFs up to adsorption properties and reactivity
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Daley, Paul B. (Paul Byron). "An Investigation of Textural Activity and Its Hierarchical Structures in Selected Works by Krzysztof Penderecki." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500894/.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on temporal aspects of the music of Krzysztof Penderecki and deals with these on the level of textural activity. The analyses are based on a referential idea called a "discrete sound event," defined as an occurrence of a sound or collection of sounds which, as a unit, is distinct from the surrounding texture. These sound events are then used to appraise textural activity from layer fluctuation and composite density. The pieces selected for applying these techniques are the Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima, from 1960, the Fluorescences, from 1961, and the 1965 Capriccio for oboe and strings.