Relevant bibliographies by topics / Textile processes

Academic literature on the topic 'Textile processes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Textile processes":

1

Piribauer, Benjamin, and Andreas Bartl. "Textile recycling processes, state of the art and current developments: A mini review." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 2 (January 11, 2019): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18819277.

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World fibre production has been rising continuously over last decades and a tremendous increase is expected in the near future. The major portion of fibres goes to the textile industry whose main output streams are apparel and home textiles. With the transformation of these textile products from a basic human need to fashion items, their lifetime before disposal is steadily declining, while at the same time the complexity of their material composition is increasing. As a matter of fact, the amount of disposed items is increasing distinctively and the issue of a proper handling of end-of-life textiles is becoming more important. The objective of this mini review is, first to give a brief overview of the already available textile recycling methods, and subsequently it will discuss innovative developments of new recycling processes in the textile recycling sector. A special focus of this review lies on the emerging field of biochemical fibre recycling processes, which could become a major step on the way to a circular economy in the textile processing chain. Owing to the high selectivity of bio-catalysts, enzymes, these processes could be used to remove a specific fibre material from multi-component textiles. As the complexity of textiles is reduced, the recyclability is increased.
2

Ribul, Miriam. "Regenerative Textiles: A Framework for Future Materials Circularity in the Textile Value Chain." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 13910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413910.

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Materials science breakthroughs have regenerated high value fibres from end-of-life cellulose-based textiles that can be introduced into existing textile fabrication processes from raw material to textile product in established textile value chains. Scientific developments with regenerated cellulose fibres obtained from waste textiles suggest their potential to replace virgin resources. The current scale-up of regeneration technologies for end-of-life cellulose-based textiles towards pilot and commercial scales can potentially achieve a future materials circularity, but there is a lack of a long-term view of the properties of materials after consecutive recycling stages take place. Cellulose-based materials cannot be infinitely recycled and maintain the same quality, a factor which may provide new challenges for future textile processes in the context of the circular bioeconomy. This paper maps collaborative design and materials science projects that use regenerated cellulose obtained from waste feedstock according to materials in the value chain they seek to substitute. It also presents four new processes that use regenerated cellulose materials in relation to their intervention in the value chain (as determined in a PhD investigation). A framework is presented to demonstrate how these circular material design processes take place at earlier stages of the textile value chain after subsequent regeneration stages.
3

Van Herreweghen, Florence, Caroline Amberg, Rita Marques, and Chris Callewaert. "Biological and Chemical Processes that Lead to Textile Malodour Development." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (October 31, 2020): 1709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111709.

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The development of malodour on clothing is a well-known problem with social, economic and ecological consequences. Many people still think malodour is the result of a lack of hygiene, which causes social stigma and embarrassment. Clothing is washed more frequently due to odour formation or even discarded when permastink develops. The malodour formation process is impacted by many variables and processes throughout the textile lifecycle. The contact with the skin with consequent transfer of microorganisms, volatiles and odour precursors leads to the formation of a distinctive textile microbiome and volatilome. The washing and drying processes further shape the textile microbiome and impact malodour formation. These processes are impacted by interindividual differences and fabric type as well. This review describes the current knowledge on the volatilome and microbiome of the skin, textile and washing machine, the multiple factors that determine malodour formation on textiles and points out what information is still missing.
4

Lugoda, Pasindu, Julio C. Costa, Carlos Oliveira, Leonardo A. Garcia-Garcia, Sanjula D. Wickramasinghe, Arash Pouryazdan, Daniel Roggen, Tilak Dias, and Niko Münzenrieder. "Flexible Temperature Sensor Integration into E-Textiles Using Different Industrial Yarn Fabrication Processes." Sensors 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010073.

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Textiles enhanced with thin-film flexible sensors are well-suited for unobtrusive monitoring of skin parameters due to the sensors’ high conformability. These sensors can be damaged if they are attached to the surface of the textile, also affecting the textiles’ aesthetics and feel. We investigate the effect of embedding flexible temperature sensors within textile yarns, which adds a layer of protection to the sensor. Industrial yarn manufacturing techniques including knit braiding, braiding, and double covering were utilised to identify an appropriate incorporation technique. The thermal time constants recorded by all three sensing yarns was <10 s. Simultaneously, effective sensitivity only decreased by a maximum of 14% compared to the uncovered sensor. This is due to the sensor being positioned within the yarn instead of being in direct contact with the measured surface. These sensor yarns were not affected by bending and produced repeatable measurements. The double covering method was observed to have the least impact on the sensors’ performance due to the yarn’s smaller dimensions. Finally, a sensing yarn was incorporated in an armband and used to measure changes in skin temperature. The demonstrated textile integration techniques for flexible sensors using industrial yarn manufacturing processes enable large-scale smart textile fabrication.
5

Varadarajan, Gunasekar, and Ponnusami Venkatachalam. "Sustainable textile dyeing processes." Environmental Chemistry Letters 14, no. 1 (October 8, 2015): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-015-0533-3.

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Gunturu, Karthik Pavan Kumar, Krishna Koundinya Kota, and Madhu Sharma. "Energy Efficiency Improvement Opportunities in Indian Textile Industries." Textile & Leather Review 5 (August 6, 2022): 296–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2022.13.

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The Textile Industry is one of the largest industrial sectors and the fifth largest exporter of the textiles employing 45 million workers in India. The Indian textile industry has changed its ways in the production of finished textiles, Energy is involved in each of stage processing. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the energy efficiency of the processes in the textile industry and identify opportunities for improvement in the process involving raw fabric to the finished textile product. The energy efficiency determination in an industry can be evaluated by the energy consumption of the respective process equipment in an industry which includes the performance evaluation of the textile manufacturing processes. This paper describes the operations in textile manufacturing such as weaving, yarn production, spinning, drying, and also the significance of PAT schemes in energy improvement opportunities for various industries, including the technical improvement studies and also provides the brief description on validating various unit operations and respective parameters that affect the performance of various process equipment such as stenter, heaters, compressors, motors, and other non-production equipment. This review paper also described the impact of PAT cycle 1 in validating the energy intensity of technologies used in textile industries and some important measures required to improve the energy efficiency of a process as this could improve the functioning of the system. The best available techniques in the process has also been discussed in the sections which can be implemented in practice for improving the energy efficiency of the processes.
7

PARASKA, OLGA, КATERYNA PODOLINA, LUBOS HES, and HRYSTYNA KOVTUN. "ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC, TECHNOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF TEXTILE PRODUCTS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 307, no. 2 (May 2, 2022): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-307-2-153-158.

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The article analyzes the socio-economic, technological, ecological characteristics of the life cycle of textiles, their impact on the environment and human health. According to the results, the directions of safe manufacture and use of textile products in order to preserve natural resources and human health are proffered. Analysis of socio-economic, technological, ecological characteristics of the life cycle of textile products showed that 45% of textile products can be reused, 30% are suitable for processing into technical textiles, 20% – textile fibers. Only 5% of used textile products are waste that needs to be disposed of. Extending the service life of textiles by 9 months can reduce energy, water and СО2 emissions by up to 30%, which contributes to the preservation of natural resources and human health. Based on the analysis, the following directions of safe manufacture and exploitation of textile products are proffered: – raising awareness of the impact of textile manufacturing on the environment and human health; – regardful use of natural and human resources; – reusing and upcycling of textile products; – recycling of waste materials and products to create new ones; – creation of prerequisites for safe exploitation and cleaning of textile products; – application of technologies of soft cleaning of textile products which reduce expenses of the electricity and natural resources at the same time; – reduction of the use of natural resources and emissions into the environment; – improving ecological and socio-economic indicators throughout the life cycle of textiles. Such recommendations allow manufacturers to improve the environmental safety of production processes, and consumers to buy with more rationality, use less clothing, reducing the generation of textile waste. These, in turn, are important factors that extend the service life of textiles, reduce the ecological impact on the environment and human health.
8

Peran, Jelena, and Sanja Ercegović Ražić. "Application of atmospheric pressure plasma technology for textile surface modification." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 9-10 (October 25, 2019): 1174–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519883954.

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This paper gives an overview of atmospheric pressure plasma types used in the textile industry and recent developments in plasma treatments of textiles. It investigates the topic of the influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the surface properties of materials made from natural and synthetic fibers. Through plasma induced physical and chemical reactions occurring in the textile surface layer, significant modifications in micromorphology and reactivity can be achieved. In addition to cleaning, etching, and activation, great efforts have been made in the development of plasma polymerization processes under atmospheric pressure. Utilization of atmospheric pressure plasma technology in the textile industry offers a new perspective on surface modification and functionalization. This paper gives a summary of textile properties achieved using plasma and the underlying processes based on relevant findings obtained from prominent research.
9

Angelova, Yordanka, Silvija Mežinska, and Lyubomir Lazov. "INNOVATIVE LASER TECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY: MARKING AND ENGRAVING." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 15, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol3.2610.

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The advent of laser technology in textiles industry has established a new innovative solution, which successfully prevents some of the weaknesses in the conventional technologies. Lasers are being used in Laser Marking (Only the surface of fabric is processed, fading), Laser Engraving (Controlled cutting to depth). It has been used extensively as the replacement of some conventional dry processes like sand blasting, hand sanding, destroying, and grinding etc., which are potentially harmful and disadvantageous for the environment. The article considers some innovative laser technologies, such as marking and engraving on various textile materials. The laser applications for leather and textile processing were analysed. The report overviews systems and ways of laser marking and engraving implementations. Classification of markings was proposed. The advantages of laser marking and engraving technologies in textile fields were pointed.
10

Ulanowska, Agata, and Małgorzata Siennicka. "Tradition and Innovation in Textile Technology in Bronze Age Europe and the Mediterranean." Światowit 56, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8449.

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The papers collected in the present volume of the ‘Światowit’ journal examine developments in textile production in Bronze and Iron Age Europe and the Mediterranean by tracing both traditional and innovative elements in textile technology. The issue comprises 11 original contributions that resulted from the session ‘Tradition and Innovation in Textile Technology in Bronze Age Europe and the Mediterranean’ organised in 2016 by Agata Ulanowska and Małgorzata Siennicka during the 22nd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists in Vilnius. The papers discuss available archaeological evidence of textiles, textile imprints, textile tools and textile iconography, as well as botanical and faunal remains related to textile manufacture and dyeing. The papers examine the types of social relations and cultural and economic processes which may have enhanced developments in textile technology and impacted on cross-cultural transmission of textile knowledge and skills in the Bronze and Iron Ages.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Textile processes":

1

Sutton, Kristen Ruth. "Systematic Approach for Error Proofing Transaction Processes." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03232009-132445/.

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The purpose of this research was to develop a model to reduce errors in transactional processes within companies. The model created utilized three error proofing concepts: the FMEA, TRIZ Solution Directions, and the Error Proofing Healthcare (EPH) model. The research involved analyzing 250 FMEAâs that were previously conducted in a large transactional corporation and obtaining feedback from associates. The model that was created consisted of three phases. Phase one identifies the potential failures that could occur within a process while phase two uses TRIZ solution directions to create multiple innovative solutions and phase three uses a method called Solution Priority Number (SPN) to rank and evaluate the solutions generated. The SPN consists of the return on investment (ROI) and the ease of implementation of each solution. Excel worksheets were created to support the Error Proofing Transaction (EPT) model. A case study was performed within a large transactional corporation. A team completed the existing FMEA and then completed the new EPT model. When comparing the existing FMEA and the EPT model it was found that the EPT model reduced the team meeting time by 50% and produced more failure modes, more effects, more causes, more high risk failure modes, as well as a more enhanced set of solutions.
2

Veja, Priti. "An investigation of integrated woven electronic textiles (e-textiles) via design led processes." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10528.

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Electronic textiles (e­‐textiles) are created by the amalgamation of electronics and textiles, where electronics are integrated into or onto fabric substrates. Woven textiles are specifically considered in this thesis to integrate electronics into textiles' orthogonal architecture. This thesis investigates 'How can the weaving process be manipulated to make woven e-­textiles with integrated electronics?' The methodological approach taken is practice based research carried out via a technical materials approach and creative craft methods. An investigation of woven e-­textiles through design led practice and woven expertise is presented. Previously, woven e-­textiles have been investigated either via technical material approaches, (where the main emphasis remains on function) or via creative craft methods, (which emphasise experimental forms, manipulate integration methods and apply craft based knowledge). Both of these approaches have presented only limited investigation of unobtrusive integrated electronics in woven e-­textiles, and woven structures have not been fully utilised to support the integration. The research applies reflective practice through a design process model; this is based on the researcher's previous weaving expertise and designing methods. The work investigates how woven construction may be manipulated to develop novel integrated woven e-­textiles. It was found that five woven approaches were particularly of value for electronics integration. These were the use of double cloth, the integration of multiple functions into the textiles as part of the weaving, the use of complex weaving techniques to attach and integrate components, the use of inlay weft weaving and the manipulation of floats (free floating threads). The thesis makes original contributions to knowledge, including identification of key stages in the woven e-­textile design process, identification and application of advanced weaving techniques to facilitate integrated woven e-­textiles, and compilation of a systematic record of woven e-­‐textile techniques as a technical woven repository. Underpinning design principles that influence the developed e-­textile outcomes are identified. A range of woven e-­textile samples are designed and made. Three specific examples including an actuator ('RGB colour mixer'), a circuit ('corrugated pleat LED v2') and a soft module ('battery holder module v4'), are described in detail to illustrate their development using the e-­textile design process model. The knowledge gained has potential to be applied to industrial woven processes for e-­textiles.
3

Kanz, Philippe. "Characterization of Textile Draping Behaviours for Composite Manufacturing Processes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41864.

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Ward, P. T. "Visual inspection, its automation and application in the textile industry." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10675.

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Türgay, Orcun. "Decolourization of azo dyes in textile wastewater by microbial processes." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-7425.

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Decolorization of Azo dyes in synthetic wastewater composition which is similar to real textile wastewater was carried out by microbial process. Experiments were performed in two continuous systems. Experiments were performed under anaerobic conditions in order to break the nitrogen bond of the azo group (-N=N-). A synthetic dye solution which contained 200 mg/L Reactive Black 5, 200 mg/L Procion Red MX-5B and 1 g/L yeast extract was prepared. In this study, living microorganisms were used to degrade the dyes in wastewater. Rice husks which contain bacteria and fungi were used in the reactors of continuous systems. The parameters tested on continuous system were wastewater composition, the number of reactors, the amount of yeast extract in wastewater composition, the wastewater flowrate, washing the system with wood chips solution, addition of yeast extract solution.  Results have shown that increasing the number of reactors, the retention time, the amount of yeast extract and washing the system with wood chips solution had positive effects for degradation of the dyes from wastewater. When the flowrate was increased the retention time has decreased so degradation of dyes has decreased but although the flowrate increased twice, % degradation hasn’t decreased as the same ratio. Therefore this result showed that this process can be worked for faster flowrates. Microbial process is a promising technology which might be used to treat wastewater containing azo dyes with good performance.

 

6

Morgan, Laura. "Laser textile design : the development of laser dyeing and laser moulding processes to support sustainable design and manufacture." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23176.

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This research developed new creative opportunities for textile design by investigating CO2 laser processing technology to achieve surface design and three-dimensional effects. A practice based and interdisciplinary textile design methodology was employed, integrating scientific and technical approaches with a reflective craft practice. It was found that the synthesis of design and science was imperative to achieving the research goal of evolving techniques that have opened new design opportunities for textile design whilst being viable and communicable for industrial and commercial application. Four distinct Laser Textile Design techniques were developed in this research including: a laser enhanced dyeing technique for wool and wool blends; Peri-Dyeing, a laser dye fixation technique; a laser moulding technique; and a laser fading linen technique.
7

Briggs, Amanda. "A study of photographic images, processes and computer aided textile design." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388871.

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BORGES, ALINE RAMOS. "MODELING IN REPLICATED FACTORIAL EXPERIMENTS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF TEXTILE INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24390@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Esta dissertação descreve a aplicação de Modelos Lineares Generalizados (MLGs) à análise de um experimento visando identificar a combinação dos níveis das variáveis independentes: concentração de hidróxido de sódio (A), volume de hipoclorito de sódio (B) e sua interação (AB), que minimiza a variável resposta: proporção de itens com defeitos, em um processo de beneficiamento numa indústria têxtil de pequeno porte. A variável resposta encontra-se na forma de proporção, violando os pressupostos básicos do Modelo Linear Clássico e com isso as estimativas dos coeficientes pelo método de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO) é menos confiável. O planejamento utilizado foi o fatorial completo 22 com ponto central e replicado. Após o planejamento, a modelagem pelo MLG é aplicada, só então é possível identificar uma subdispersão dos dados, verificar que o modelo empregado está correto e que o volume de hipoclorito de sódio (B) é o único fator significativo, no processo de alvejamento industrial da empresa. Portanto, como a finalidade é minimizar a resposta, utiliza-se o nível inferior (-1) desta variável. Consequentemente, como o intuito é reduzir os custos com insumos químicos pode-se utilizar o nível mínimo da concentração de hidróxido de sódio (A) e o nível máximo da interação entre os fatores (AB), já que eles não são significativos ao modelo.
This dissertation describes the application of Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) to the analysis of an experiment with the purpose identify the levels combination of independent variables: concentration of sodium hydroxide (A) volume of sodium hypochlorite (B) and their interaction (AB), that minimizes the response variable: proportion of defective items, in a process in a small plant of the textile industry. The response variable takes the form of a proportion, that violates the basic assumptions of the Classic Linear Model and, as a result, the estimates of the coefficients by Ordinary Least Squares method is less reliable. The design employed was a replicated complete 22 factorial design with central point. After doing the planning, the modeling by MLG is applied, and then it is possible to identify a underdispersion data; to verify that the model used is correct and that the volume of sodium hypochlorite (B) is the only significant factor in the industrial process of bleaching the company. Therefore, as the purpose is to minimize the response, it is used the lower level (-1) of this variable. Consequently, as the aim is to reduce costs of chemical inputs can use the minimum level of concentration of hydroxide sodium (A) and the maximum level of interaction between factors (AB), since they are not significant to the model.
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Wei, Yang. "Screen printable sacrificial and structural pastes and processes for textile printing." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/360759/.

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This thesis presents a new approach for fabricating free standing structures on flexible substrates using the screen printing technique. The research addresses electronic textile applications and is intended to provide a new method for realising sensors and complex structures on fabrics. Conventional smart fabric fabrication methods, such as weaving and knitting, are only able to achieve planar structures with limited functionality. Packaged discrete sensors can also be attached directly to fabrics but this approach is unreliable and unsuitable for mass production. The reported materials and the fabrication processes enable free standing structures to be formed by printing functional layers directly on top of the fabric. This reduces the fabrication complexity and increases wearer comfort and the flexibility of the fabric. This research details an investigation into sacrificial materials suitable for use on fabrics. A plastic crystalline material (Trimetlylolethane (TME)) was identified as an appropriate sacrificial material because it sublimates which reduces the chance of stiction occurring. A screen printable TME paste has been achieved by dissolving TME powder in a solvent mixture of cyclohexanol (CH) and propylene glycol (PG). The TME sacrificial paste can be cured at 85 oC for 5 minutes providing a solid foundation for subsequent printed layers. This sacrificial layer can be removed in 30 minutes at 150 oC leaving no residue. EFV4/4965 UV curable dielectric material was identified as an appropriate structural material for use with TME. The feasibility of the sacrificial and structural materials has been demonstrated by the fabrication of free standing cantilevers and microfluidic pumps on fabrics and flexible plastic films. Printed cantilevers, with capacitive and piezoelectric sensing mechanisms, have been demonstrated as human motion sensors. A printed microfluidic pump with a maximum pumping rate of 68 μL/min at 3 kHz has also been demonstrated. Both the cantilever and micropump have been demonstrated, for the first time, on fabrics and polyimide substrates, respectively.
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Lezeck, Hendrick. "Textile CearÃ: reverticalizaÃÃo processes and their impacts on the quality and productivity." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3590.

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This work aims to verify the impacts that the reversing process in the results of quality and productivity produced in textile companies in Cearà which adopted this strategy. After analyzing the value chains, many companies that at first outsourced are now rethinking their decisions and when needed taking an inverse approach, that is, not outsourcing their activities any more. That is why it is important to understand what are the main factors that lead to this process. The research related to the outcome is of descriptive and exploring nature; regarding the approach to the problem, it is of quality concerning. Based on bibliographic research that subsidized the referential theory proceeded further investigation giving support to the empirical analyses. Semi-structured Questioner and interviews were carried out with executives managers and operatives in three textile companies of great capacity in CearÃ, based in deliberate exemplification. The results show that the strategic decisions of the reversing process has been motivated by the commitment to the quality of products and procedures, targeting mainly the best quality service to the clients. This derived from several problems pointed out by companies that by outsourcing operate.
O trabalho tem como objetivo verificar os impactos da reverticalizaÃÃo de processos nos resultados de qualidade e produtividade gerados em empresas tÃxteis cearenses que optaram por esta estratÃgia. ApÃs anÃlise na sua cadeia de valor, muitas empresas, que incialmente adotaram o processo da terceirizaÃÃo, estÃo repensando suas decisÃes e quando necessÃrio, seguindo o caminho inverso, ou seja, desterceirizando suas atividades. Portanto, torna-se importante, compreender quais foram os principais fatores motivadores deste processo. A pesquisa, quanto aos fins, à de natureza descritiva e exploratÃria; com relaÃÃo à abordagem do problema, à de foco qualitativo. Com base na pesquisa bibliogrÃfica, que subsidiou o referencial teÃrico, procedeu-se a uma busca de campo, que deu suporte à anÃlise empÃrica. Foram aplicados questionÃrios e entrevistas semi-estruturadas para os gestores executivos e operacionais em trÃs empresas tÃxteis de grande porte do CearÃ, com base na amostragem intencional. Os resultados indicam que a decisÃo estratÃgica da reverticalizaÃÃo foi motivada pelo compromisso com a qualidade de seus produtos e processos, visando principalmente ao melhor atendimento aos clientes. Isto decorreu de problemas diversos observados pelas empresas com a terceirizaÃÃo de suas atividades-meio. Palavras-chave: reverticalizaÃÃo, terceirizaÃÃo, cadeia de valor e indÃstrias tÃxteis.
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Books on the topic "Textile processes":

1

Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan, ed. Sustainable Innovations in Textile Chemical Processes. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8491-1.

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Needles, Howard L. Textile fibers, dyes, finishes, and processes: A concise guide. Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A: Noyes Publications, 1986.

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Mohanty, Bijoy Chandra. Natural dyeing processes of India. Ahmedabad, India: Calico Museum of Textiles, 1987.

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Moody, Von. Tufted carpets: Textile fibers, dyes, finishes, and processes. Norwich, NY: William Andrew Pub., 2004.

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Damyanov, Georgi Borisov. Textile Processes: Quality Control and Design of Experiments. Highland Park: Momentum Press, 2012.

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Karolia, Anjali. Traditional Indian handcrafted textiles: History, techniques, processes, designs. New Delhi, India: Niyogi Books, 2019.

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Gibbons, Joan. Peoples, processes, and patterns. [Birmingham, West Midlands, England?: s.n., 1985.

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Mahltig, Boris. Nanosols and textiles. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2008.

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Slater, Keith. Environmental impact of textiles: Production, processes and protection. Cambridge: Woodhead Pub., 2003.

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Slater, Keith. Environmental impact of textiles: Production, processes and protection. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Textile processes":

1

Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, and Burkhard Wulfhorst. "Braiding Processes and Machines." In Textile Technology, 221–37. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905661.007.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, and Dieter Veit. "Braiding Processes and Machines." In Textile Technology, 188–204. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.007.

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Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, and Burkhard Wulfhorst. "Braiding Processes and Machines." In Textile Technology, 221–37. München, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-56990-566-1_7.

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Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, Burkhard Wulfhorst, V. Schrank, A. Hehl, and K. P. Weber. "Processes and Machines for Knitwear Production." In Textile Technology, 173–94. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905661.005.

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Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, Burkhard Wulfhorst, and A. Gräber. "Processes and Machines for Nonwovens Production." In Textile Technology, 195–219. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905661.006.

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Gries, Thomas, Dieter Veit, Burkhard Wulfhorst, and V. Niebel. "Processes and Machines for Clothing Manufacture." In Textile Technology, 283–309. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905661.010.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, Dieter Veit, and K. P. Weber. "Processes and Machines for Knitwear Production." In Textile Technology, 152–66. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.005.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, Dieter Veit, and A. Gräber. "Processes and Machines for Nonwoven Production." In Textile Technology, 167–87. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.006.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, Dieter Veit, and N. Elsasser. "Processes and Machines for Textile Finishing." In Textile Technology, 216–42. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.009.

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Wulfhorst, Burkhard, Thomas Gries, and Dieter Veit. "Processes and Machines for Clothing Manufacture." In Textile Technology, 243–65. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433472.010.

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Conference papers on the topic "Textile processes":

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Simonič, Marjana. "Electrocoagulation Implementation for Textile Wastewater Treatment Processes." In International Conference on Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy. University of Maribor Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fkkt.1.2023.6.

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Electrocoagulation (EC) has been employed recently to treat tannery, textile, and coloured wastewater. Three main processes are gathered in EC process, namely electrochemistry, coagulation, and flotation. This technique uses DC currents source between metal electrodes immersed in the textile effluent, which causes the dissolution of electrode plates into the effluent. The main advantage of EC compared to chemical coagulation technique is that EC generates less sludge. The objective of the present manuscript is to review the potential of electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile effluent. The most influential factors on removal efficiency, such as initial pH, time of EC, conductivity, current density, initial dye concentration and periodically reversal current on electrodes were discussed. Considering the circular economy concept, which focuses on positive society-wide benefits, manufacturing brick or ceramic materials is feasible method for disposing sludge.
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Doersch, Christian, Joerg Muessig, and Dieter H. Mueller. "Modelling of Manufacturing Processes by FEA-Method for the Production of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Plastics." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41826.

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In recent years a growing demand for natural fiber-reinforced plastic components and structures has been observed. One important area of application is transportation, particularly in the automotive industry. Due to market demand, innovative process technologies for fast, cost-effective and quality-driven manufacture of natural fiber-reinforced plastic components is required. This paper will focus on the development of technologies for automised manufacturing of NFRP-components with resin infusion processes. At present NFRP-components are manufactured automatically but without flexibility concerning the deviations of material properties or part geometries. This lack of control in manufacturing results in long cycle times, low process control and high costs. The Bremen Institute for Engineering Design (BIK) is developing and improving machine and process technologies for automised textile handling. The handling system has to meet the requirements of large, limp textile material. The authors have mutually developed methods for the simplified simulation of textiles. The simulation supports the evaluation of textiles and handling devices concerning the ability for better control in manufacturing. To meet these requirements, a simulation of the textile material with the “Finite Element Analysis” method supports the part and process design by reducing developing time and costs. For this purpose, the authors showed a simplified model with a reduced set of material data which is required for the FEA-model.
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Radulescu, Ionrazvan, Carmen Ghituleasa, Emilia Visileanu, Radu Popescu, Marius Iordanescu, and Ladislava Zaklova. "BRANCH-RELATED TERMS FOR TEXTILE PROFESSIONALS IN BUSINESS AND TRADE." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-275.

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Proper adaptation to industry trends represents nowadays one of the key success factors. The textile industry is one of the most dynamic industries, with strong market requirements and links to tradition in Europe. Due to the harsh international competition a shift in the textile industry in Europe has been produced from clothing-apparel sector to technical textiles sector. The technical textiles are meant for various applications (like agriculture, personal protection, medicine, environment etc.) and involve a high level of knowledge in textile machinery and high added value for the finished products. One of the main issues stated in the Strategic Research Agenda of the European Technology Platform for Textiles and Clothing (EURATEX*, 2006) is the move from commodities to specialty products with flexible high-tech processes, which is a development direction for the future of the European textile industry. The strong developments of textile international business bring new demand ? to have a Multilanguage flexible tool for branch-related terms. Businessman are often good in trade but without professional knowledge. They have to describe technical aspects, but do not know the proper expression. In order to help them were accomplished the Leonardo da Vinci-TOI projects Fashion School I and II and a new proposal is in preparation for the 2013 Call ? GUIDETEX. Within the Fashion School projects I and II an on-line explanatory dictionary in 16 European language versions was accomplished (www.texsite.info). This dictionary includes 2000 branch expressions with definitions in the textile-clothing field. A brief summary of the projects results show that after 3 years form the project end, the average visitation of the portal is of 49109 visits each month. As target group of the project were firstly businessman who deal with textiles and clothes, students of vocational education and professionals who export their products. The 2013 GUIDETEX proposal envisages the enlargement of the portal with branch-related terms in technical textiles. Several professionals in the textile industry do need a re-orientation of their business towards high-added-value products in technical textiles, as set by the EURATEX strategy. This is one of the means for supporting the knowledge-based European industry business and trade.
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Badhwar, Aayushi, Saniyat Islam, and Caroline Swee Lin Tan. "The Intersection of Fashion and Climate: A Comparative Examination of the Australian Fashion and Textile Industry's Approach to Climate Change." In 22th AUTEX World Textile Conference. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-08kjkp.

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This paper delves into a comparative review of the actions of the Australian fashion industry in response to climate change. The focus of this review centres around major benchmark events in the Australian landscape of policies and regulations enactment, which shape the consumption of fashion in the country. This paper compares the interconnectedness or disconnected discourse of the fashion and textile industry’s trends, in response to climate change, within the Australian context. Climate change is set to catastrophically impact global food supplies and endanger human health by inducing heat-related mortality, cardiovascular diseases and mental health issues. In the next decade, it is expected to force millions of people into extreme poverty. The severity of climate change awareness has transpired the sustainability concept into a prime prerequisite for global business models. Fashion and textile businesses are quickly adapting to lower their environmental impact. However, this industry is still considered to be the second-most polluting sector globally. It contributes to greenhouse gas emissions via raw material extraction, production, and distribution processes. In addition, synthetic textiles impact the marine biosphere by releasing microplastic fragments. At the end of the product life cycle, most textiles are discarded in irreversible landfills. Australia is the second biggest consumer of textile, clothing and footwear products. Therefore, it is critical to compare the impact of the Australian fashion and textile industry and its response to the climate crisis.
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Мокина, А. Ю., and Е. А. Химичева. "SYNTHESIS OF MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES IN MODERN ARTISTIC TEXTILES AND COSTUME." In КОДЫ. ИСТОРИИ В ТЕКСТИЛЕ. Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54874/9785605162971.2024.3.20.

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Авторы выявляют роль современной тенденции использования синтеза техник и материалов в художественном текстиле и костюме, прослеживая процессы трансформации ткачества, вышивки и моделирования текстильной среды. В данной статье предлагается рассмотреть проблему взаимодействия и слияния декоративно-прикладного искусства, текстильного дизайна и новых форм моделирования. В статье исследуются возможности интеграции традиционных техник обработки текстильных материалов при создании текстильных произведений и научно-технических новаций в современном текстиле и костюме. Основной результат — новые возможности ассоциативно-образной передачи авторской идеи через синтез в художественном текстиле и арт-костюме. The authors identify the role of the modern trend of using synthesis of techniques and materials in artistic textiles and costume, tracing the processes of transformation of weaving, embroidery and modeling of the textile environment. This article proposes to consider the problem of interaction and fusion of decorative and applied arts, textile design and new forms of modeling. The article explores the possibilities of integrating traditional textile processing techniques in the creation of textile works and scientific and technical innovations in modern textiles and costume. The main result is new opportunities for associative and figurative transmission of the author's idea through synthesis in artistic textiles and art costumes.
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Robescu, Diana. "IMPROVING BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESSES FOR TEXTILE INDUSTRY." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b52/s20.035.

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Accornero, Mariana Esther, Marcela Catalina Mambrini, and Carola Rossetti. "Contributions of textile design to the regional identity of the Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.122.

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Based on a survey of the textile production of textile makers from the Sierras de Córdoba and attempting to reconstruct a regional aesthetic from the records of clothing in archaeological pieces of the indigenous Comechingonas cultures and ethnographic production, this research work is proposed as a contribution to the contemporary textile design and identity. The project was developed from the concept of “Disruptive Design”, that is to say: produce-create and consume-create in a different way than usual (Gardetti, 2017) and Strategic Design focused on more environmentally friendly production processes, reversing current methods, generating innovation strategies approach that provide added value to the product from the following guidelines: a) Raw materials based on natural fibers. b) Reuse of dyeing properties, artisanal processes of native natural dyes. c) Innovative pattern based on textile typologies focused on the reuse of fibers, zero waste. d) Consumer awareness in relation to the use and maintenance of clothing, environmental problems in the life cycle of the product. e) Optimization of sequences and processes of creation-production of clothing in which cleaner production is involved under controlled processes (Salcedo, 2014). Another important aspect that was taken into account is the ethics of the designer in the search for innovative and transformative processes, and in promoting the impulse of regional economies through employment, use of natural fibers and collaborationism in the production of designs co-producing jointly with the artisan textile. The methodology used was participant observation, data collection and primary sources; for this, archaeological statuettes and ethnographic textile typologies were taken that are conceptualized in the creative process of each clothing-accessory-complement. In the clothing design process, typologies were created in which the user can interact and transform the clothing from disassembly and / or assembly in alternation of "pattern-texture-color designs" according to tastes and preferences, producing co- design between the designer and the user, including different body types, ages. The collections developed by two designer researchers: “Chasca Arqueológica”, a project by Carola Rossetti and “Chasca Etnográfica”, a project by Marcela Catalina Mambrini, highlight the archaeological-ethnographic textile, producing the recovery and revaluation of the textile heritage of our province with the enhancement and safeguarding textile techniques in danger of extinction due to lack of transmission. The term Chasca refers to the dawn star, the one that enables the new day. This concept was taken as a metaphor for design a new starting point for the artisan textile production of Córdoba. The results of this research work have been made available to the cooperatives of mountain textile makers, in order to begin to manage the mechanisms of self-sustaining production for vulnerable regions in the interior of the province, with the aim of generating micro textile enterprises that consolidate and spread the cultural identity of our province through clothing, complements and accessories.
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Santos, Cristine Silva, Icléia Silveita, Neide Köhler Schulte, Lucas da Rosa, and Daniela Novelli. "Possibilities of color with the use of natural coloring applied in natural fibers." In ENSUS2023 - XI Encontro de Sustentabilidade em Projeto. Grupo de Pesquisa Virtuhab/UFSC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2596-237x.ensus2023.v11.n4.p150-162.

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Chemical dyes applied to textiles in the textile processing stage bring serious damage to the environment and human beings involved in the processes. The use of natural dyes in place of chemicals brings benefits in the social and environmental spheres, since highly polluting toxic chemicals are not used in their processes. Despite the importance of its use, many people opt for chemical dyeing over natural dyeing, believing that its colors are scarce. Therefore, the research intends to present a varied color chart using natural dyes applied to natural fibers through applied, qualitative, descriptive research and technical procedures in order to demonstrate the possibility of offering varied colors from natural dyes. A chart of 80 natural colors was made using only 14 plants and residues. In this way, the research contributes to the dissemination of knowledge and encouragement to the consumption of textile pieces based on pro-sustainability practices in fashion. It was verified that it is possible to offer a varied range of colors with the use of natural dyes applied to textiles.
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Niculescu, Marilena, Emilia Visileanu, Lilioara Surdu, Francisco Guimaraes, and Ionrazvan Radulescu. "E-LEARNING FOR TEXTILE DEFECTS ANALYSIS." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-287.

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In order to achieve a teaching process with good performance indicators, for an optimal insertion into the socio-professional environment of the learners, it is necessary a stimulating instructional environment. Recent developments in the field of communication and information technologies have changed essential needs both in terms of acquiring knowledge and capacity to respond to them and the way they are offered as study programs to the educational institutions. The main change relates to the supply of education centered on student needs, which places him in the center of the educational process. This paper presents in its first part some considerations about the e-learning technologies (common administrative tools for e-learning, software used for distance learning) and in the second part it refers to the content adequacy of a textile course, based on modern methods of teaching, so to enrich the methodological tools of the teacher and ensure sustainable acquisitions. An e-learning course for Skills Development in Textile Defects Analysis was developed, sustained by the Leonardo da Vinci Programme from seven European countries, included Romania. The e-learning course is intended for textile workers, unemployed textile workers and students. The development of this project offered essential, specialized information referring to the products and processes in the textile industry and to the ways to rapidly identify textile defects. On the other hand, the use of audio-visual aids, photographs, multimedia graphs, comparative methods had contributed to the increase of attractiveness of the course and to a better identification and classification of defects in textiles products. So, the person who learns obtains knowledge, and on another side he forms those abilities that are needed to practicing.
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Steinigen, F. "Numerical simulation of textile reinforced concrete considering dynamic loading processes." In ICTRC'2006 - 1st International RILEM Conference on Textile Reinforced Concrete. RILEM Publications SARL, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2351580087.027.

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Reports on the topic "Textile processes":

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Nikam, Jaee. Gaps, challenges and drivers for environmentally sustainable textile and garment manufacturing in India. Stockholm Environment Institute, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.033.

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This paper provides an overview of the country’s manufacturing value chain of textiles and garments, and the status of sustainable manufacturing throughout these so-called upstream processes, from raw material procurement to ready-made garment production. After outlining the regulatory structure that influences the upstream textile and garments value chain in India, the author explores the challenges and drivers faced by textile manufacturers in India, along with providing policy suggestions and highlighting the opportunities for sustainable transitions.
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Clifford, Robert, and Doug Cahn. Best Practices In Chemical Management for Textile Manufacturing. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009241.

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The apparel industry in Haiti is poised to move beyond the "cut and sew" processes which have characterized its operations to the present time. Chemical usage has largely been limited to spot cleaning and some washing activities, but as washing increases and other fabric treatment processes are integrated into the Haitian industry, chemical usage at these factories will increase and become more varied. The factories must be prepared to identify and control the chemical hazards associated with these newly integrated operations which may pose risks to workers, the community and the environment.
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Wolf, Eva. Chemikalienmanagement in der textilen Lieferkette. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627987.

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The World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in 2002 set the goal of minimising the adverse impacts of chemicals and waste by 2020. This goal has not been achieved yet. Therefore, other approaches are needed to prevent, minimise, or replace harmful substances. One possible approach is this master thesis which deals with the challenges that the textile importer DELTEX is facing with regard to a transparent communication of chemicals used and contained in the product in its supply chain. DELTEX is bound by legal regulations and requirements of its customer and must ensure that there are no harmful substances in the garments. For each order, the customer requires a chemical inventory from DELTEX which contains the chemical substances and formulations used (so-called "order-wise chemical inventory"). Currently, the suppliers are not willing to pass this on to DELTEX. As a result, DELTEX is faced with the problem of having no knowledge of the materials used in the garments and is thus taking a high risk. The structure of this study is based on the transdisciplinary "delta analysis" of the Society for Institutional Analysis at the University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt. This compares the target state with the actual state and derives a delta from the difference. Based on this, suitable design options are to be developed to close the delta. The study defines the target state on the basis of normative requirements and derives three criteria from this, which can be used to measure design options. By means of guideline-based interviews with experts, an online survey and literature research, it examines the current state. The analysis shows that the relevant actors are in an unfavourable incentive and barrier situation. The textile supply chain can be seen as a complex construct in which a whole series of production sites (often in developing and emerging countries where corruption and low environmental standards exist) carry out many processing steps. Chemicals are used at almost all stages of processing, some of which have harmful effects on people and the environment. At the same time, factory workers in the production countries are under enormous price and time pressure and often have insufficient know-how about chemical processes. DELTEX is dependent on its main customer and therefore has little room for price negotiations. To close this delta, the study formulates design options on macro, meso and micro levels and measures them against the developed criteria. None of the measures completely meets all the criteria, which is why a residual delta remains. The study concludes that not one, but rather a combination of several design options at all levels can achieve the target state. For DELTEX, an alliance with other textile importers, membership in the Fair Wear Foundation, strengthening the relationship with its suppliers and cooperation with another customer are recommended. Furthermore, the use of material data tools that support proactive reporting approaches such as a Full Material Declaration is recommended. The study is carried out from the perspective of the textile importer DELTEX. The results can therefore only be applied to the entire textile supply chain to a limited extent.
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Shomer, Ilan, and Malcolm Bourne. Studies of Structure and Texture of Potatoes to Enable Cultivar Selection and Development of New and Improved Processes Products. United States Department of Agriculture, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1989.7603801.bard.

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Fader, G. B. J., R. O. Miller, and B. J. Todd. Making a three-dimensional model of Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331507.

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Halifax Harbour is one of best-studied harbours in the world. Researchers at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography map the seabed, perform geochemical analyses of sediment core samples, measure currents and tides and study the effects of pollution on the biota. To illustrate the complexity and intricate detail that exists on the seabed, a physical relief model of the harbour and surrounding area was constructed using the most recent technology. The model, which was milled from lightweight surfboard foam, shows underwater relief (bathymetry) as well as the land topography. Onshore, high-resolution satellite imagery was "draped" over the topographic relief using a specially designed 3-D plotter. In underwater areas, bathymetry is represented by a suite of colours ranging from light blue, to indicate shallow areas, to darker blue for deeper water. Computer generated shading was applied to emphasize detailed texture. Four "zoom" panels were also produced to focus on some of the finer details that are evident in the seabed. These details help us understand more about the harbour's geological history as well as the processes that are active today, both natural and man-made. This poster explains the many stages in the process of creating the Halifax Harbour relief model.
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Crisosto, Carlos, Susan Lurie, Haya Friedman, Ebenezer Ogundiwin, Cameron Peace, and George Manganaris. Biological Systems Approach to Developing Mealiness-free Peach and Nectarine Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592650.bard.

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Peach and nectarine production worldwide is increasing; however consumption is flat or declining because of the inconsistent eating quality experienced by consumers. The main factor for this inconsistent quality is mealiness or woolliness, a form of chilling injury that develops following shipping periods in the global fruit market today. Our research groups have devised various postharvest methods to prolong storage life, including controlled atmosphere and delayed storage; however, these treatments only delay mealiness. Mealiness texture results from disruption of the normal ripening process involving disassembly of cell wall material, and creates a soft fruit texture that is dry and grainy instead of juicy and smooth. Solving this problem is a prerequisite for increasing the demand for fresh peach and nectarine. Two approaches were used to reveal genes and their associated biochemical processes that can confer resistance to mealiness or wooliness. At the Volcani Center, Israel, a nectarine cultivar and the peach cultivar (isogenetic materials) from which the nectarine cultivar spontaneously arose, and at the Kearney Agricultural Center of UC Davis, USA, a peach population that segregates for quantitative resistance to mealiness was used for dissecting the genetic components of mealiness development. During our project we have conducted research integrating the information from phenotypic, biochemical and gene expression studies, proposed possible candidate genes and SNPs-QTLs mapping that are involved in reducing peach mealiness susceptibility. Numerous genes related to ethylene biosynthesis and its signal transduction, cell wall structure and metabolism, stress response, different transcription factor families were detected as being differentially accumulated in the cold-treated samples of these sensitive and less sensitive genotypes. The ability to produce ethylene and keep active genes involved in ethylene signaling, GTP-binding protein, EIN-3 binding protein and an ethylene receptor and activation of ethyleneresponsive fruit ripening genes during cold storage provided greater resistance to CI. Interestingly, in the functional category of genes differentially expressed at harvest, less chilling sensitive cultivar had more genes in categories related to antioxidant and heat sock proteins/chaperones that may help fruit to adapt to low temperature stress. The specific objectives of the proposed research were to: characterize the phenotypes and cell wall components of the two resistant systems in response to mealiness- inducing conditions; identify commonalities and specific differences in cell wall proteins and the transcriptome that are associated with low mealiness incidence; integrate the information from phenotypic, biochemical, and gene expression studies to identify candidate genes that are involved in reducing mealiness susceptibility; locate these genes in the Prunus genome; and associate the genes with genomic regions conferring quantitative genetic variation for mealiness resistance. By doing this we will locate genetic markers for mealiness development, essential tools for selection of mealiness resistant peach lines with improved fruit storability and quality. In our research, QTLs have been located in our peach SNPs map, and proposed candidate genes obtained from the integrated result of phenotypic, biochemical and gene expression analysis are being identified in our QTLs as an approach searching for consistent assistant markers for peach breeding programs.
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Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.
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Perkey, David, David Yearwood, Brian McFall, Brian Harris, Christopher Hardy, Timothy Welp, Adrienne Eckstein, and Zachary Tyler. Hydraulic sorting of dredged sediment in a pipeline : an evaluation of the sediment distribution pipe. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48219.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) recently established a goal to beneficially use 70% of material dredged from the nation’s navigable waterways by the year 2030. Most of the sediments dredged by the USACE are heterogeneous mixtures of mud and sand, which can limit beneficial use of dredged material (BUDM) applications. Innovative technologies that can sort material during the dredging process are needed to help increase BUDM practices. This investigation sought to evaluate the ability of a sediment distribution pipe (SDP) to sort particles during transport in a pipeline. Field demonstrations were conducted during dredged material placements at Sturgeon Island, New Jersey. Velocity within the pipeline was found to be inadequate for efficient hydraulic sorting of fines (<75 μm) and produced inconclusive results. Small scale laboratory SDP experiments found that effluent from the SDP holes had an altered sediment texture compared to the initial slurry and that hydraulic sorting was occurring within the pipeline. However, outflow from the SDP holes was inconsistent, and typically >90% of the sediment mass was discharged out the end of the pipeline. Sorting efficiency of the SDP could not be accurately assessed in the current experimental configuration.
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Langlois, Lyse, Marc-Antoine Dilhac, Jim Dratwa, Thierry Ménissier, Jean-Gabriel Ganascia, Daniel Weinstock, Luc Bégin, and Allison Marchildon. L'éthique au cœur de l'IA. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/mdhp6080.

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Issu d’un travail collaboratif regroupant des spécialistes de l’éthique, de la philosophie, de l’informatique et de l’économie, le rapport « L’éthique au cœur de l’IA » vise à préciser et clarifier le rôle que doit occuper l’éthique à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle (IA), et à mettre en lumière comment cette notion peut être appliquée et mise en œuvre de manière efficace et fructueuse. S’adressant à l’ensemble des individus engagés, de près ou de loin, dans le développement de l’IA, ce document met de l’avant une éthique centrée sur la réflexivité et le dialogue. Dans une volonté de traduire plus concrètement cette vision, il met en lumière l’approche méthodologique utilisée pour construire la Déclaration de Montréal et propose également quelques pistes de recommandation. En somme, le présent texte plaide pour l’inclusion d’une réelle réflexion éthique dans l’ensemble des étapes du processus de développement de l’IA. Il se veut ainsi une main tendue, un appel à la collaboration entre éthiciennes et éthiciens, développeuses et développeurs et membres de l’industrie afin de véritablement intégrer l’éthique au cœur de l’IA.
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Paran, Ilan, and Molly Jahn. Analysis of Quantitative Traits in Pepper Using Molecular Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7570562.bard.

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Original objectives: The overall goal of the proposal was to determine the genetic and molecular control of pathways leading to the production of secondary metabolites determining major fruit quality traits in pepper. The specific objectives were to: (1) Generate a molecular map of pepper based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. (2) Map QTL for capsaicinoids content (3) Determine possible association between capsaicinoids and carotenoid content and structural genes for capsaicinoid and carotenoid biosynthesis. (4) Map QTL for quantitative traits controlling additional fruit traits. (5) Map fruit-specific ESTs and determine possible association with fruit QTL (6) Map the C locus that determines the presence and absence of capsaicinoids in pepper fruit and identify candidate genes for C. Background: Pungency, color, fruit shape and fruit size are among the most important fruit quality characteristics of pepper. Despite the importance of the pepper crop both in the USA and Israel, the genetic basis of these traits was only little known prior to the studies conducted in the present proposal. In addition, molecular tools for use in pepper improvement were lacking. Major conclusions and achievements: Our studies enabled the development of a saturated genetic map of pepper that includes numerous simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and the integration of several independent maps into a single resource map that consists of over 2000 markers. Unlike previous maps that consisted mostly of tomato-originated RFLP markers, the SSR-based map consists of largely pepper markers. Therefore, the SSR and integrated maps provide ample of tools for use in marker-assisted selection for diverse targets throughout the Capsicum genome. We determined the genetic and molecular bases of qualitative and quantitative variation of pungency, the most unique characteristics of pepper fruit. We mapped and subsequently cloned the Pun1 gene that serves as a master key for capsaicinoids accumulation and showed that it is an acyltransferase. By sequencing the Pun1 gene in pungent and non-pungent cultivars we identified a deletion that abolishes the expression of the gene in the latter cultivars. We also identified QTLs that control capsaicinoids content and therefore pungency level. These genes will allow pepper breeders to manipulate the level of pungency for specific agricultural and industrial purposes. In addition to pungency we identified genes and QTLs that control other key developmental processes of fruit development such as color, texture and fruit shape. The A gene controlling anthocyanin accumulation in the immature fruit was found as the ortholog of the petunia transcription factor Anthocyanin2. The S gene required for the soft flesh and deciduous fruit nature typical of wild peppers was identified as the ortholog of tomato polygalacturonase. We identified two major QTLs controlling fruit shape, fs3.1 and fs10.1, that differentiate between elongated and blocky and round fruit shapes, respectively. Scientific and agricultural implications: Our studies allowed significant advancement of our understanding at the genetic and molecular levels of important processes of pepper fruit development. Concomitantly to gaining biological knowledge, we were able to develop molecular tools that can be implemented for pepper improvement.

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