Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tertiary fossil wood

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Academic literature on the topic 'Tertiary fossil wood'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tertiary fossil wood"

1

Poole, Imogen. "Systematics of cretaceous and tertiary Nothofagoxylon: implications for Southern Hemisphere biogeography and evolution of the Nothofagaceae." Australian Systematic Botany 15, no. 2 (2002): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb01014.

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Fossil woods with greatest anatomical similarity to modern Nothofagaceae are traditionally assigned to the organ genus Nothofagoxylon Gothan. All fossil wood records of Nothofagoxylon were re-evaluated so that recently collected specimens from the Antarctica Peninsula region could be assigned to taxa within this organ genus. Widespread synonymy was found within the published records of Nothofagoxylon, so that of the 16 described species, only seven were retained. Six of these fossil species were found to be present in Antarctica. In undertaking this review, some lauraceous woods assigned to Laurinoxylon Schuster were found to be nothofagaceous. Temporal and spatial patterns of occurrence of the Nothofagoxylon wood type help support current views that the centre of origin of the Nothofagaceae was within the Antarctic Peninsula–South America region during the Campanian followed by radiation into the lower southern latitudes throughout the Tertiary.
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Blanchette, Robert A., Kory R. Cease, André R. Abad, Todd A. Burnes, and John R. Obst. "Ultrastructural characterization of wood from Tertiary fossil forests in the Canadian Arctic." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-076.

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Micromorphological and ultrastructural characterization of fossil gymnosperm wood from Comwallis Island, Axel Heiberg Island, and Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic showed the changes that have occurred in cell walls of wood during 20–60 million years of burial. No evidence of permineralization was observed. Wood with rounded cells, thick secondary walls, and intercellular spaces was common in all samples. Secondary walls were eroded and swollen. A transition from an organized secondary wall, with altered but visible microfibrillar structure, to an electron-dense, amorphous material was evident in cell walls. The amorphous material appeared to form primarily in the secondary walls near cell lumina and along cracks that extended into the walls. The middle lamellae were often expanded in size and had convoluted shapes. Hemicellulose degradation appeared to precede cellulose degradation. Samples exhibiting cell walls with increased amorphous material had the greatest lignin and lowest cellulose concentrations. Hemicellulose concentration was extremely low in all Eocene and Paleocene samples. The lignin content of Miocene wood was 47.9%, whereas the Eocene and Paleocene samples ranged from 66 to 84%. Tracheids from extensively degraded samples were distorted and collapsed, and in some cases the cells appeared compressed together. Although the residual amorphous middle lamellae and secondary walls were fused together, the outlines of original cells were visible. Chemical analyses and ultrastructural data indicated that a nonbiological degradation was responsible for the deterioration of the arctic fossil wood samples. Key words: wood deterioration, lignin, hemicelluloses, cellulose, wood ultrastructure, coal formation, fossil wood.
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Francis, Jane E., and Imogen Poole. "Cretaceous and early Tertiary climates of Antarctica: evidence from fossil wood." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 182, no. 1-2 (July 2002): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(01)00452-7.

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Roy, S. K., and P. K. Ghosh. "Fossil wood of Euphorbiaceae from the Tertiary of West Bengal, India." Feddes Repertorium 93, no. 5 (April 18, 2008): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19820930505.

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Mangi, J., S. A. Khan, N. Soomro, H. Naz, and M. Panhwer. "WOOD OF BURSEROXYLON FOSSIL FROM BARA FORMATION OF RANI KOT FORT AREA, DISTRICT JAMSHORO SINDH, PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences 36, no. 1 (October 12, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47432/2020.36.1.1.

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The paper describes a fossil wood identifiable as Burseroxylon baranesis from Bara formation of Sindh, Pakistan. Three dimension sections (transverse, radial and tangential) were prepared from the fossil wood collected from Bara formation, Ranikot. The anatomical characters such as presence of growth rings, parenchyma scanty, paratracheal, vasicentric. Rays are homogenous rays consist of procumbent cells indicate that the species belong to the family Burseraceae of petrified Bursera wood and are assigned name as Burseroxylon on the basis of form genus. This is the first record of genus Burseroxylon from tertiary rocks of Pakistan. Presence of diffuse porous wood indicate that the plants were growing in tropical type of climate.
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Takahashi, Ken'ichi, and Mitsuo Suzuki. "Dicotyledonous Fossil Wood Flora and Early Evolution of Wood Characters in the Cretaceous of Hokkaido, Japan." IAWA Journal 24, no. 3 (2003): 269–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001597.

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Fossil woods are abundant in the Cretaceous Yezo Group in Hokkaido, Japan, in strata of Albian to Santonian ages. From 144 dicotyledonous samples, fourteen species representing 10 genera were identified: Castanoradix cretacea gen. et sp. nov., C. biseriata gen. et sp. nov., Frutecoxylon yubariense gen. et sp. nov., Hamamelidoxylon obiraense sp. nov., Icacinoxylon kokubunii sp. nov., I. nishidae sp. nov., Magnoliaceoxylon hokkaidoense sp. nov., Nishidaxylon jezoense gen. et sp. nov., Paraphyllanthoxylon cenomaniana sp. nov., P. obiraense sp. nov., Plataninium jezoensis sp. nov., P. ogasawarae sp. nov., Sabiaceoxylon jezoense gen. et sp. nov. and Ulminium kokubunii sp. nov. All 14 species are new and four of the 10 genera are new. Five genera (lcacinoxylon, Magnoliaceoxylon, Paraphyllanthoxylon, Plataninium and Ulminium) already are known from the Cretaceous and Tertiary, one (Hamamelidoxylon) previously is known only from the Tertiary. The species distribution by age is: Albian: one species; Cenomanian: four species in four genera; Turonian: ten species in eight genera; Coniacian: six species in five genera; Santonian: eight species in seven genera. The two specimens of Icacin oxylon kokubunii from the Albian are the oldest records of dicotyledonous woods in Japan.
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Wheeler, Elisabeth A., and Herbert W. Meyer. "A New (Hovenia) and an old (Chadronoxylon) Fossil Wood from the Late Eocene Florissant Formation, Colorado, U.S.A." IAWA Journal 33, no. 3 (2012): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000096.

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A fossil wood with features similar to those of the Oligocene Hovenia palaeodulcis Suzuki (Rhamnaceae) from Japan is described from the late Eocene Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Colorado, U.S.A. This is the first report of fossil wood of this Asian genus in North America and is further documentation of Tertiary exchange between East Asia and North America. The affinities of Chadronoxylon florissantensis, the most common angiosperm wood at Florissant, are reevaluated; its combination of features suggests relationships with two families in the Malpighiales, the Salicaceae and Phyllanthaceae. Chadronoxylon is compared with Paraphyllanthoxylon Bailey. The Eocene P. hainanensis from China has notable differences from the original diagnosis of Paraphyllanthoxylon, but shares features with Chadronoxylon warranting transfer of P. hainanensis to Chadronoxylon and the creation of Chadronoxylon hainanensis (Feng, Yi, Jen) Wheeler & Meyer, comb. nov.
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Továrková, Ingrid, Vladimír Gryc, and Jakub Sakala. "First anatomically characterized wood from the Tertiary of Moravia: Spiroplatanoxylon from the area of Austerlitz (Southern Moravia, Czech Republic)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 6 (2011): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159060367.

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A new silicified angiosperm wood from the alluvial sediments in Vážany nad Litavou (SW of Slavkov/Austerlitz near Brno, Vyškov district) is described. The wood is diffuse-porous with indistinct growth ring boundaries. Vessels are exclusively solitary with helical thickenings and scalariform perforation plates. Rays are very high and up to 18 cells wide, homocellular to slightly heterocellular. Crystals are present in axial parenchyma mostly in chambered cells, rarely in idioblasts. The fossil is attributed to Spiroplatanoxylon mueller-stollii Süss. Other species of Spiroplatanoxylon are also discussed. Wood anatomical descriptions from the eastern part of the Czech Republic published so far deal either with the Silesian Tertiary or describe only partially lignified probably Quaternary material; therefore the present paper can be considered as the first detailed anatomical description of the Tertiary wood from Moravia.
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Wheeler, Elisabeth A., and Pieter Baas. "The potentials and limitations of dicotyledonous wood anatomy for climatic reconstructions." Paleobiology 19, no. 4 (1993): 487–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s009483730001410x.

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The incidences of selected features of dicotyledonous wood that are believed to be of ecologic and/or phylogenetic significance (distinct growth rings, narrow and wide vessel diameter, high and low vessel frequencies, scalariform perforations, tangential vessel arrangement, ring porosity, and helical wall thickenings) were plotted through time (Cretaceous–Recent). There are marked differences between the Cretaceous and Tertiary in the frequency of all wood anatomical features. Incidences of features that are associated with markedly seasonal climates in extant floras do not approach modern levels until the Neogene. Correlations of wood anatomical features with ecology do not appear to have been constant through time, because in the Cretaceous different features provide conflicting information about the climate. Throughout the Tertiary the southern hemisphere/tropical and the northern hemisphere/temperate regions differed in the incidences of ecologically significant features and these differences are similar to those in the Recent flora. Possibilities for reliably using dicotyledonous wood for climatic reconstructions appear restricted to the Tertiary and Quaternary. However, at present the fossil wood record for most epochs and regions is too limited to permit detailed reconstructions of their past climate.
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Poole, Imogen, and Helmut Gottwald. "Monimiaceae sensu lato, an element of Gondwanan polar forests: Evidence from the late Cretaceous-early tertiary wood flora of Antarctica." Australian Systematic Botany 14, no. 2 (2001): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb00022.

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Palaeofloristic studies of the Antarctic Peninsula region are important in furthering our understanding of (i) the radiation and rise to ecological dominance of the angiosperms in the Southern Hemisphere during the Late Cretaceous and (ii) the present day disjunct austral vegetation. Investigations of Upper Cretaceous and Early Tertiary sediments of this region yield a rich assemblage of well-preserved fossil dicotyledonous angiosperm wood which provides evidence for the existence, since the Late Cretaceous, of temperate forests similar in composition to those found in present-day southern South America, New Zealand and Australia. This paper describes two previously unrecognised morphotypes, which can be assigned to the Monimiaceae sensu lato, and represents the first record of this family in the wood flora of Antarctica. Specimens belonging to the first fossil morphotype have been assigned to Hedycaryoxylon SÜss (subfamily Monimioideae) because they exhibit anatomical features characteristic of Hedycaryoxylon and extant Hedycarya J.R.Forst. &amp; G.Forst. and Tambourissa Sonn. Characters include diffuse porosity, vessels which are mainly solitary with scalariform perforation plates, opposite to scalariform intervascular pitting, paratracheal parenchyma, septate fibres and tall (>3 mm), wide multiseriate rays with a length: breadth ratio of approximately 1: 4. Specimens belonging to the second morphotype have been assigned to Atherospermoxylon KrÄusel, erected for fossil woods of the Monimiaceae in the tribe Atherospermeae (now Atherospermataceae) in that they exhibit anatomical features similar to Atherospermoxylon and extant Daphnandra Benth., Doryphora Endl. and Laurelia novae-zelandiae A.Cunn. These characters include diffuse to semi-ring porosity, scalariform perforation plates with up to 25 bars, septate fibres, relatively short (<1 mm) rays with a length: breadth ratio of between 1: 4 and 1: 11.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tertiary fossil wood"

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O'Brien, Jane, and n/a. "Tertiary fossil wood in South Eastern Australia." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060821.132803.

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Palaeobotany illuminates past environments by relating the fossilised species to the existing geological conditions. This has previously been done with fossilised leaves and spores but not with fossilised wood. The recovery of a significant quantity of wood from an area of Tertiary sediments in New South Wales, enabled the used of fossilised wood as a palaeoenvironmental tool. Tertiary sedimentary deposits of south eastern Australia are diverse lithologically, occupy distinct areas and are limited in vertical and horizontal extent. However, samples in museum collections together with samples from field work and descriptions of fossil wood from previous researchers enabled an analysis of the fossil wood. The geological and palaeontological aspects of the fossil wood were considered for each specimen. Only specimens with precise information concerning location and description of the sedimentary deposits in which the specimens were found were investigated. Lithology, sedimentary structures and the relationship with surrounding geological units were also considered. The samples were then classified and identified. It was possible to identify fossil wood to Family level by comparison with existing taxa. In the majority of cases, identification to species level was not possible due to the lack of detail in the specimen and because features such as colour cannot be used with fossilised specimens. With Australian fossilised wood, a systematic nomenclature based on structure observed within the palaeotaxa, would be more relevant. Comparisons of cell structures with previous work on palaeoenvironmental indicators was found to be possible. Fossil wood has two uses. Firstly, as a local environmental indicator, usually in conjunction with sedimentological data, assessing the rate and direction of water flow, types of depositional environments and localised floral assemblages. Secondly, as an indicator of regional climate. Within any one particular time period, comparisons between the cellular structures of wood found in different parts of south eastern Australia show gross changes in cell size, mean growth ring size and vessel size, which enabled generalisations about climate for each epoch in the Tertiary. Palaeoclimatic indicators from the wood concurred with previous climatic interpretations based on palynology and sedimentology. Cool conditions during the Palaeocene were clearly indicated by small cells and small growth rings which gradually increased throughout the remainder of the Tertiary. Several areas e.g., Dargo High Plains, where cold conditions existed in isolation could be clearly distinguished. This corresponds with the gradual northward movement of the Australian plate with consequent increasing temperatures on the mainland.
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Sakala, Jakub. "The 'Whole-plant' concept in palaeobotany on the example of the Tertiary of northwestern Bohemia, Czech Republic with particular reference to fossil wood." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066295.

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PRIVE-GILL, CATHERINE. "Les flores ligneuses tertiaires du massif central francais : etude anatomique, implications paleoclimatiques et phytogeographiques." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066753.

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Des bois fossiles collectes dans differentes regions du massif central font l'objet d'une etude anatomique en vue de determiner leurs affinites botaniques et par la-meme, de reconstituer les divers types de forets et leur evolution au cours du tertiaire. L'accent est mis sur la signification climatique des divers taxons. A l'oligocene, un melange d'especes d'exigences variees evoque les flores mixtes de la chine meridionale; au miocene superieur et au pliocene, on trouve una association temperee a montagnarde qui permet d'evoquer un climat plus doux qu'a l'actuel. Des rapports certains sont evoques avec le sud est asiatique en ce qui concerne les taxons tropicaux et avec l'amerique du nord pour les especes temperees. Des precisions sont apportees en biostratigraphie
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Book chapters on the topic "Tertiary fossil wood"

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Gregor, Hans-Joachim. "Aspects of the fossil record and phylogeny of the family Rutaceae (Zanthoxyleae, Toddalioideae)." In Woody plants — evolution and distribution since the Tertiary, 251–65. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-3972-1_13.

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Graham, Alan. "Methods, Principles, Strengths, and Limitations." In Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic History of North American Vegetation (North of Mexico). Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195113426.003.0007.

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Methods of paleovegetation analysis can be grouped into two broad categories. Those that use plant microfossils for reconstructing terrestrial vegetation, past environments, migrations, and evolutionary histories constitute a part of paleopalynology that includes the study of pollen, spores, other acid-resistant microscopic structures, and phytoliths (distinctive, microscopic silicate particles produced by vascular plants). Those that use plant megafossils such as leaves, cuticles, cones, flowers, fruits, and seeds constitute paleobotany. Two important subdisciplines of paleobotany are dendrochronology (fossil woods) and analysis of packrat middens. The latter are sequences of nesting materials, constructed by packrats of the genus Neotoma, preserved in arid environments of the American southwest. The study of fossil fruits and seeds is a specialized field within paleobotany, and it is also used in studies on Quaternary vegetational history in the preparation of seed diagrams accompanying pollen and spore profiles from bog and lake sequences. In 1916 Swedish geologist Lennart von Post demonstrated that pollen grains and spores were abundantly preserved in Quaternary peat deposits and could be used to trace recent forest history and climatic change (Davis and Faegri, 1967). The term palynology was subsequently introduced by Hyde and Williams in 1944 to include all studies concerned with pollen and spores. Paleopalynology has come to denote the study of acid-resistant microfossils generally, while pollen analysis designates those investigations dealing specifically with the Quaternary. In the early 1950s researchers in the petroleum industry began to routinely apply paleopalynology to problems of stratigraphic correlation and the reconstruction of depositional environments in Tertiary and older strata (Hoffmeister, 1959). This added a practical dimension to a mostly academic pursuit and fostered interest in applied palynology and its use as a paleoecological research tool. This important development is reflected in the increased number of publications after about 1955. As the history of other innovations might predict, there was a period of exuberant claims, isolated specialization, and exaggerated charges of deficiency in the method; but for palynology this seemingly inevitable period was mercifully brief. The different terminology, principles, and techniques involved in megafossil paleobotany and paleopalynology still result in specialization, but this limitation is frequently overcome by coordinated or collaborative projects, and an increasing number of practitioners work in both disciplines.
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