Journal articles on the topic 'Territorialization of law'
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TREVISANUT, SELINE. "The Principle ofNon-RefoulementAnd the De-Territorialization of Border Control at Sea." Leiden Journal of International Law 27, no. 3 (July 24, 2014): 661–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156514000259.
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AbstractDestination states of irregular migration aim to prevent arrivals by controlling their borders outside their territory, specifically on the high seas. This practice may best be described as the de-territorialization of border control at sea. The de-territorialization impacts the applicable legal framework, in particular the safeguards to which individuals submitted to the control activities are entitled. This article posits that the principle ofnon-refoulementis a fundamental yardstick for the de-territorialization of border control and applies wherever competent state authorities perform border control measures. The argument develops in four steps. After outlining the content of the principle ofnon-refoulement, this article defines maritime borders and elucidates their functional nature. It then outlines how the principle ofnon-refoulementapplies at sea and translates into a ‘principle of non-rejection at the maritime frontier’. The article finally highlights the principle's legal and practical consequences in the context of de-territorialized border control.
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Lambach, Daniel. "The functional territorialization of the high seas." Marine Policy 130 (August 2021): 104579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104579.
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Erol, Alkim. "Freedom and control in the digital age." Human Affairs 30, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2020-0050.
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AbstractMany conceive information and communications technologies (ICT) as providing a free space which bolsters the freedom of individuals. This is because the technologies, and the ways we use them, are thought to be grounded in consent given by individuals. However, it will be argued that individuals, by their own self-regulated consent-based actions when using ICT, are actually alleviating their own individual freedoms. This novel phenomenon, which Deleuze and Guattari have drawn our attention to, is a consequence of the de-territorialization and re-territorialization of desires, shaped by power processes, and practiced within Control Societies. This process is disguised as ‘choices’ made by free and self-aware individuals who give their ‘consent’.
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Laponce, Jean. "Politics and the Law of Babel." Social Science Information 40, no. 2 (June 2001): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/053901801040002001.
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The world language system is profoundly affected by the increase in the frequency and density of communication on a world scale. Most of the languages spoken today are not expected to survive the century and most of those surviving will lose or fail to get control of some higher functions of communication, notably in the fields of commerce and science. The minority languages best able to resist the pressure of more powerful competitors are those having a government as their champion, and their best overall protective strategy remains territorialization, either within the boundaries of a unilingual state or, in the case of multilingual societies, on the territorial model of Switzerland and Belgium that juxtaposes rather than mixes languages at the regional level.
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Greeley, Robert W. B. "Conservation Territorialization and Sport Hunting in Lebanon’s Shouf Biosphere Reserve." Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2020.1866237.
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Mundlak, Guy. "De-Territorializing Labor Law." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2009): 189–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1938-2545.1037.
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Labor law was traditionally a domestic project, defined on the basis of a geographic territory or a synthetic community; its norms were determined by the state and applied to employers and workers who resided within the state. Commonly, labor law is administered on a territorial basis, applies to incoming workers, and stops at the borders in respect of other states' sovereignty when capital migrates. Globalization affects the background in which labor law operates, including the increased interdependence of markets, the constitution of communities that transcend national borders, and the development of institutions outside and within the nation-state, which displace the locus of regulation from the traditional state level. De-territoriality claims that territory and sovereignty should be understated within the dominion of labor law in order to correct a deep structural imbalance in labor markets. This imbalance was not created by globalization, and as long as it appeared in a consistent yet bounded manner in each and every state, labor law's project was rendered possible by territorial arrangements. With the process of globalization, the territorial solutions previously created within labor law are no longer adequate. When territoriality is adhered to, migrating workers receive partial protection, while migrating capital can easily choose its most convenient forum as a means, inter alia, of undermining labor law's protection to workers. De-territorialization seeks to restore the original intent of labor law's project, which is to level off the distinct strategies that are available to labor and capital in a globalized labor market.
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Huizenga, Daniel. "Rival jurisdictions on a resource frontier: Law, territorialization, and inscription in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Geoforum 133 (July 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.04.010.
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Ricca, Mario. "Cultures in Orbit, or Justi-fying Differences in Cosmic Space: On Categorization, Territorialization and Rights Recognition." International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique 31, no. 4 (July 28, 2018): 829–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11196-018-9578-5.
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Martínez, Hepzibah Muñoz. "State, capital and “second nature:” re-territorialization in the Plan Puebla Panama*." Capitalism Nature Socialism 15, no. 1 (March 2004): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1045575032000189000.
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Buchanan, Ruth M. "‘ ‘Passing through the Mirror’’: Dead Man, Legal Pluralism and the De-territorialization of the West." Law, Culture and the Humanities 7, no. 2 (November 2010): 289–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872109360122.
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Gutiérrez-Zamora, Violeta, and Mara Hernández Estrada. "Responsibilization and state territorialization: Governing socio-territorial conflicts in community forestry in Mexico." Forest Policy and Economics 116 (July 2020): 102188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102188.
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Mansilla-Quiñones, Pablo, Susana Cortés-Morales, and Andrés Moreira-Muñoz. "Depopulation and rural shrinkage in Subantarctic Biosphere Reserves: envisioning re-territorialization by young people." eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research) 13, special issue (2021): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis108.
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Richiedei, Anna, and Michele Pezzagno. "Territorializing and Monitoring of Sustainable Development Goals in Italy: An Overview." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 5, 2022): 3056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053056.
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The 2030 Agenda defined 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) divided into 169 targets, applicable everywhere and based on the “No one left behind” principle. Goals and indicators to measure the achievement of the 2030 Agenda have to be localized. The paper presents the Italian current evolution of the territorialization of the SDGs, starting from the global level up to the local one, and wonders if the implementation of the 2030 Agenda takes concrete form with the quantitative monitoring of the SDGs at the local level (municipalities and not only capitals). A comparison among indicators proposed at different levels is set by using an ad hoc comparative reading grid. The analysis highlights that, in Italy, the principle barriers in the territorialization of the SDGs are the lack of data open sources, the proposal of new not adequately validated metrics by institutional/non-institutional subjects and the progressive loss of relationship with Global indicator framework and targets of the 2030 Agenda. The strategies needed to reach sustainable development are obviously site-specific, but we need to maintain common metrics in measuring performances in relation to the 2030 Agenda. In the Global indicator framework for the Sustainable Development Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, it is possible to find indicators suitable to measure performances at the local level—albeit in a smaller numbers—but in Italy, there is no awareness about this. Italy is completely losing both the opportunity to compare the results of the effort performed by the Municipalities in a rigorous way and the possibility to use strong metrics to support decision-makers’ policies for the future.
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Rodríguez-de-Francisco, Jean Carlo, and Rutgerd Boelens. "PES hydrosocial territories: de-territorialization and re-patterning of water control arenas in the Andean highlands." Water International 41, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 140–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2016.1129686.
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Budiman, I., T. Fujiwara, N. Sato, and D. Pamungkas. "Another Law in Indonesia: Customary Land Tenure System Coexisting with State Order in Mutis Forest." Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) 26, no. 3 (December 12, 2020): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.26.3.244.
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Local wisdom has been coexisting with the state system in several places in Indonesia. The Mountain Mutis Nature Reserve in East Nusa Tenggara province is the strict nature reserves, but a customary land tenure system, called suf, exists so far in the nature reserve. The objectives of this study are (1) to organize the historical territorialization process, (2) to clarify the customary land tenure system and activities for livelihoods by local people, and (3) to discuss the challenges of its land tenure system to manage forests sustainably as well as policy methods to harmonize legal pluralism in Mutis Area. Field observation and in-depth interviews with key informants were employed for data collection, and the collected data were analyzed by a qualitative descriptive method. The findings showed the traditional reward and punishment systems regarding extracting non-timber forest products, grazing livestock, and preventing forest fires were working well for sustainable forest management. However, increased pressure on forests due to future population growth appears to have an impact on the traditional system. It also showed the government officers and local people started some discussions to recognize the suf in the formal legal order. However, there were institutional problems to introduce current state systems. Therefore, it is required to flexibly operate or revise the state laws according to the actual situation to harmonize society between state and people.
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Coombe, Rosemary J., and David J. Jefferson. "Posthuman rights struggles and environmentalisms from below in the political ontologies of Ecuador and Colombia." Journal of Human Rights and the Environment 12, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 177–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/jhre.2021.02.02.
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In a decolonial determination to resist the modern ontological separation of nature from culture, political ontologies and posthuman legalities in Andean Community countries increasingly recognize natural and cultural forces as inextricably interrelated under the principle of the pluriverse. After years of Indigenous struggles, new social movement mobilizations and citizen activism, twenty-first-century constitutional changes in the region have affirmed the plurinational and intercultural natures of the region’s polities. Drawing upon extensive interdisciplinary ethnographic research in Ecuador and Colombia, the article illustrates how Indigenous, Afro-descendant and campesino communities express multispecies relations of care and conviviality in opposition to modern extractivist development through the concept of buen vivir. These grassroots collective life projects and life plans articulate rights ‘from below’ to support new practices of territorialization that further materialize natures’ rights and community ideals. Although human rights have modern origins, the implementation of third generation collective biocultural rights to fulfill natures’ rights may help to materially realize community norms, autonomies and responsibilities that exceed modern ontologies. The ecocentric territorial rights struggles and posthuman legalities we explore are examples of a larger emergent project of decolonizing human rights in a politics appropriate to the Anthropocene.
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Santos, Clediane Nascimento, and Rosângela Custodio Cortez Thomaz. "DEVELOPMENT AND RURAL TOURISM." Mercator 21, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4215/rm2022.e21016.
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This research studies the rural development public policy and the rural tourism activity in Rosana and Presidente Epitácio municipalities in São Paulo State/Brazil and Santiago de Compostela and Padrón municipalities in Galicia/Spain. Thus, the general objective is to analyze the tourism territorialization process in rural areas and compare public policies for rural development based on case studies in the Pontal do Paranapanema region in the State of São Paulo and the Autonomous Community of Galicia/SP. The methodological procedures used comparative analysis, highlighting the experience of two Spanish municipalities, Santiago de Compostela and Padrón, to draw similarities and differences with the Brazilian cases. The main results obtained in Brazil derived from the actions of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Agriculture (PRONAF). The research in Santiago de Compostela and Padrón identified the presence of rural tourism houses, which were restored through subsidies from European Union rural development policies. Keywords: Tourism in the Countryside. Local Development Public Policy.
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Müller, Oliver. "Making Landscapes of (Be)Longing. Territorialization in the Context of the Eu Development Program Leader in North Rhine-Westphalia." European Countryside 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2021-0001.
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Abstract The participation of residents in development processes is a keystone in current rural governance arrangements. The European Union’s rural development program LEADER is an example of this, as it requests local residents to take action in the development process. Similarly, participatory forms of natural and cultural heritage preservation have increased significantly with the aim of revitalizing the socioecological fabric of territories. Following the Anthropology of Policy, the study employs an ethnographic approach to analyze the effects of bio-cultural heritage preservation strategies in the context of LEADER. Drawing on ethnographic data gathered during several field observations and semi-structured interviews in a LEADER region in North Rhine-Westphalia, the article investigates how a local LEADER initiative reconstructs a historical cultural landscape in order to valorize and exploit the biocultural heritage resources of their village. Residents articulate four interrelated senses of (be)longing while (re)making the biocultural heritage: 1) Political claim to use a resource; 2) place attachment; 3) politics of in/exclusion; and 4) nostalgic-utopian longing. As new knowledge actors in landscape governance, residents posit their perceptions, interpretations and valuations of the landscape vis-à-vis institutional actors of landscape governance and negotiate large-scale landscape transformations in the region investigated.
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David, Maya Khemlani, Aliyyah Nuha Faiqah Azman Firdaus, and Syed Abdul Manan. "BORDER CROSSINGS: USE OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES ACROSS SUBJECT DISCIPLINES." Indonesian EFL Journal 5, no. 2 (July 23, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v5i2.1902.
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Cross-disciplinary research, involving scholars of multiple disciplines, has attracted much attention from universities recently. This type of study extends beyond simple collaboration in integrating data, methodologies, perspectives and concepts and engages with real world problems, especially as global complexities have undermined the�underlying ideology of countability and singularity of various disciplines founded on antiquated notions of territorialization.�Since most disciplines are transferred through language and linguistics sciences like socio-linguistics, applied-linguistics and psycho-linguistics,�an interrogation of received discourses on language study�has direct and indirect impact on almost all the other disciplines and can be used to enhance language related studies in different ways.�This paper shall define cross-disciplinary research and provide an overview of how applied linguistics and professional studies interrelate, focusing on the fact that research across disciplines must yield output that advances and benefits society, while allowing for complex and nuanced assessments allowed by the porous borders of different disciplines. This paper shares the kind of cross-disciplinary research which marries linguistics, languages and communication with other disciplines (for example, studies based on socio-linguistics and health, law, business or industry) to show how knowledge achieved from such research can result in trans-disciplinary recombination and expertise in other professional domains.
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Pichler, Melanie, Manan Bhan, and Simone Gingrich. "The social and ecological costs of reforestation. Territorialization and industrialization of land use accompany forest transitions in Southeast Asia." Land Use Policy 101 (February 2021): 105180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105180.
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Pachoud, Carine. "Territorialization of Public Action and Mountain Pastoral Areas—Case Study of the Territorial Pastoral Plans of the Rhône-Alpes Region, France." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 8014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148014.
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Territorialization aims at improving the effectiveness of public action by adapting to local contexts and including a wide diversity of actors. In the 2000s, the French local authorities, with the support of the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), launched more transversal and bottom-up policies on the development of mountain pastoral territories in order to counter national and European sectoral and top-down policies. This article focuses on the Territorial Pastoral Plans (TPPs), a policy of the Rhône-Alpes region, which funds projects defined collaboratively between multiple actors in pastoral territories. The objective is to shed the light on the implementation modalities of the TPPs, and to understand the strengths and weaknesses of this policy in terms of governance to respond to the sustainability challenges of the Rhône-Alpine pastoral territories. A document analysis was achieved and interviews were conducted with nine key actors from four pastoral territories. Results showed that awareness-raising and mediation projects are becoming increasingly important because of the growing conflicts linked to the multi-purpose use of these lands and to wolf predation. Moreover, the integration of environmental actors allows better consideration of ecology in projects. However, the current budgetary restrictions limit their capacity of action within the policy.
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Piccoli, Alessandra, Adanella Rossi, and Angela Genova. "A Socially-Based Redesign of Sustainable Food Practices: Community Supported Agriculture in Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 11986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111986.
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Several grassroots initiatives in the last two decades have shown the need for different food practices that should be locally based and founded on ethical goals of social and environmental justice. Among the many “alternative food networks”, the Community Supported Agriculture model is particularly significant and interesting. By redefining meanings and social norms around food practices, this model actualizes significant processes of food re-socialization and re-territorialization. Focusing on Italy, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the potential of this model. It does so through two investigations carried out in 2019 and 2020, aimed at analyzing, respectively, structural and organizational aspects of CSAs and the features of resilience shown by these initiatives during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. On the whole, the two surveys give us the image of a radically innovative experience, potentially capable of deeply redefining production and consumption practices, being rooted in socially-shared knowledge, motivations, willingness, commitment and sense of community. In addition to being characterized by a determination to pursue sustainability and equity goals, the model shows a remarkable character of resilience thanks to the original arrangements that the common value basis and the strong sense of interdependence and solidarity of its members can provide.
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Glazova, A. P. "General issues of the exercise of jurisdiction in the process of application of law enforcement measures at sea." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2020-4-106-118.
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INTRODUCTION. Currently, states can apply a whole range of law enforcement measures at sea in order to prevent such unlawful phenomena as piracy, slave trade, drug trafficking, migrant smuggling, etc. However, the problem of the exercise of jurisdiction by states within various maritime areas is the main sticking point during the implementation of these measures. In an attempt to exercise the law enforcement function at sea, the state can't ignore the fact that its ability to create legal norms and ensure their effective implementation depends not only on its will as a sovereign, but also on the restrictions imposed by international law. Therefore, maintaining a balance between limiting the “territorialization” of maritime areas and the need to carry out a law enforcement function logically entails the need to determine the nature and content of the concept of “jurisdiction of the state” within different maritime areas, as well as to identify specific features of this legal category. The present article focuses on this and other related issues.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Historical and comparative analysis along with dogmatic research approach were used in the research process and the entire research is well grounded in focusing on the norms of international treaty law and customary law. In addition to that this research focuses on the norms of national law governing issues related to the application of law enforcement measurement at the sea. Apart from those given material and methodical inputs, the doctrinal works of the relevant jurists have been used in this research.RESEARCH RELULTS. The author comes to an alternative conclusion that territorial jurisdiction within the maritime territory is not absolute, which is due, apparently, the principle of freedom of the high seas which have a longer support by the international community. The definition of jurisdiction as extraterritorial is not self-sufficient, since in case of conflict of jurisdictions, additional legal criteria are required to resolve such a conflict. The classification of extraterritorial jurisdiction depending on the principles on which it is based also does not solve the problem, since some principles, such as protective or universal, in turn, require additional criteria in order to become a self-sufficient tool to overcome legal uncertainty. The author notes that the ability to exercise territorial jurisdiction within maritime areas, as a rule, determines the ability to exercise legislative and executive jurisdiction, which are also not absolute. The exercise of extraterritorial legislative or executive jurisdiction at sea is potentially permissible only on the basis of international law to solve a specific function, for example, law enforcement.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. The main problem of the varieties of jurisdiction proposed by in- ternational legal science is that each of them only supplements each other, describing a possible choice, but not explaining why a particular choice should be preferred in case of conflict. It is obvious that current uncertainty has created some severe impacts upon the institution of law enforcement measures at sea as a result of the absence of standards for enforcement measures that could make a balance to the mechanism. Hence the law enforcer has to be cautious with a number of factors in deciding the implementation of law enforcement measures within the sea.
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Lulovicova, Andrea, and Stephane Bouissou. "Environmental Assessment of Local Food Policies through a Territorial Life Cycle Approach." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 7, 2023): 4740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064740.
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Sub-national governments play a vital role in achieving food-related sustainability goals through the re-territorialization of agriculture. While the environmental impact of such policies cannot be reduced to decreased food miles, multiple methodological bottlenecks prevent seizing their entire potential. In this paper, a territorial life cycle analysis is adapted and used to comprehend the cradle-to-grave impact of local food policies. This is conducted by assessing the impact of a territory’s food-producing and consuming activities before and after the local food policies implementation. To evaluate the feasibility of the methodology, the municipality of Mouans-Sartoux (southeast France), engaged in local food policies for twenty years, is chosen. Four impact categories are modeled: global warming, fossil resource depletion, water consumption, and land use. The findings show that local food policies drive direct and indirect changes in farming and retail practices, but a more significant transformation is achieved by inhabitants, mostly by decreasing meat and ultra-processed product consumption. All actions summed up decrease the local food system’s impact by between 7 and 19%. These results demonstrate the efficiency of the method to provide a holistic environmental assessment at a mesoscale as well as the environmental efficacity of the local authority’s intervention in food-related matters.
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Stevanović, Miroslav, and Dragan Đurđević. "Cultural heritage in K&M in the light of implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1244." Megatrend revija 18, no. 2 (2021): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/megrev2102185s.
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On the part of the Republic of Serbia, the UN Security Council has established a temporary mandate of the United Nations. During this mandate, self-government institutions should be developed, until a political solution is reached about the final political status of that part of the territory. As the territorialization of any political community implies the tradition in specific region, thus among the elements for considering are the historical ones, which are evidenced by the cultural heritage in the area. This significance is recognized at the international level and heritage enjoys international protection. In the case of Kosovo and Metohija, under the complex administration mechanism of the United Nations, temporary Kosovo institutions and the European Union, there is a large scale destruction of religious buildings, cemeteries and other sites related to the history and life of the Serbian people there. This paper looks into the implementation of the umbrella legal framework under which the destruction of cultural heritage is possible. In this context, we look at the responsibilities for protection, the theoretical approach behind current practice and the possibilities mandated by Security Council Resolution 1244. The aim of this work is to examine whether the practice of non-compliance with international law regarding the protection of cultural heritage in Kosovo and Metohija is a consequence of noncompliance or inconsistent application of a legally binding Security Council resolution. The analysis shows that the current protection mechanism is inadequate, that apologetic approaches are being developed in theory that justify distortion of historical facts and voluntaristic targeted interpretation of law, but that Resolution 1244 is not an obstacle to the protection of cultural heritage in Kosovo and Metohija. Direct involvment of the Republic of Serbia with other international subjects in protection of its heritage is in line with the development in international cultural law, which increasingly imposes the need to ensure the coordination of international entities for the implementation of international norms governing the obligation to protect cultural goods and sites. As the Republic of Serbia is the party to relevant international agreements and has a legitimate interest in preserving its identity and heritage in Kosovo and Metohija, the complexity of relations regarding the province's final status requires a special strategy to protect cultural heritage and to insist on consistent implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244.
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Stein, Serena, and Katie Sandwell. "Illicit Crop Frontiers." Commodity Frontiers, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/cf.2021a18081.
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Today, many zones of cultivation for plants like coca, khat, kratom, and cannabis are thriving, in some cases despite protracted, violent, and lethal attempts at containment through state re-territorialization -- and often, state terror. These plants straddle the borders of legality in many places where they are grown, participating in the cultivation of agriculture frontiers characterized by uncertain and unpredictable openings and closings, and changing distributions of harms among plants and human communities. Scholars and activists question the ideology and efficacy of transnational and state programs to eradicate crops and criminalize farmers, bringing new attention to these commodities and the impacts of their contested legal status. There is also a rising appreciation of indigenous and traditional cultivation and of the importance of decolonizing uses of plants, against backdrops of botanical speculation, piracy, colonization, and trauma. Finally, these illicit agricultural frontiers stand to be dramatically reconfigured by changes potential to drug law regimes.
For this essay, we invited three scholars to comment on the frontiers of coca, khat, and kratom where they have long been embedded in research: Asmin Fransiska (hereafter AF) in Indonesia, Lisa Gezon (hereafter LG) in Madagascar, and Kristina Lyon (hereafter KL) in Colombia. We, the authors, edited these comments, and put them into a conversation exploring illicit crop frontiers today, and what is shared and distinct among these frontiers, the frictions and countermovements within them, and their actual or potential connections to broader agrarian movements. As we relay the commentaries, we offer a few contours of what (il)licit crops frontiers bring to our understanding of uneven and unequal histories of capitalism and the unending drive for crop commodities in marginal landscapes. We offer a brief typology of these frontiers to punctuate the conversation, and some directions for ongoing study.
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Pankevich, Natalia. "THE STATE IN THE POLITICAL SPACE AND THE SPATIALITY OF ALTERNATIVE POLITICAL FORMS." Political Science (RU), no. 4 (2022): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/poln/2022.04.02.
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The article explores the issues of methodology for identifying spatial political forms, considering the centrality of the state as an actual dominant of the world political space, and as the master-category of political analysis. The scarcity of political theory in this direction has a protracted character, which determines the need to search for tools to identify the elemental composition of the political space and the fundamental possibilities of its structuring. Analysis discovers the methodological insufficiency of empirically oriented approaches to solve the problem of finding structural alternatives to the state, associated with reliance on analytical scaling. Within this technic the conclusions regarding the main directions in the transformation of the political space acquire a competing character, not being contradictory in themselves, but only reflecting different sides of reality. The conceptual obstacle to this strategy is the standard idea for modern political theory idea of political space that is a vertically ordered leveled structure. A research strategy based on theoretical modeling of the possibilities of structuring political space is proposed. An approach employs the analysis of the quality of spatial elements constituting the spatial form of politics. It is shown that the possibility of this strategy is deeply rooted in the traditions of the theory of state and law, however, has not been properly developed. Within the framework of the proposed agenda, the state is considered as a spatial form based on a special strategy of territorialization. The influence of the insular territoriality on the social and power spatial dimensions of the state is investigated; the spatial uniqueness of state political form is shown; and, based on the possibilities of acquiring other systemic qualities by constitutive elements and the quality of their assembly into a functional unity, alternative forms are proposed.
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CAICEDO CAMACHO, DOLLY NATALIA. "LA UTILIZACIÓN DEL PODER SUBVENCIONAL DEL ESTADO EN EL MARCO DE LA ASISTENCIA SOCIAL." RVAP 105, no. 105 (August 1, 2016): 355–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.105.2016.09.
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El presente artículo analiza el alcance del poder de gasto del Estado
central en el campo de la asistencia social. Para ello, describe el desarrollo
de la competencia autonómica en el marco de la descentralización territorial
del Estado social para posteriormente detallar la jurisprudencia del Tribunal
Constitucional emitida en los últimos años sobre la utilización del poder del
poder subvencional. El artículo concluye que se ha producido un cambio sustancial
a los criterios sobre la territorialización de las subvenciones de la STC
13/1992. Este cambio supone la desvinculación de las convocatorias de subvenciones
de los títulos competenciales del art. 149.1CE y una reinterpretación de
los criterios de territorialización de las ayudas en clave centralista trasladando
al campo de las competencias exclusivas la regla fijada para las competencias
compartidas. Pero, además desde un sentido más amplio, el criterio de la función
de la competencia como orientador de la disposición del gasto del Estado
se ha sustituido por un criterio más amplio y genérico, conforme al cual las
funciones normativas corresponden al Estado y las funciones de gestión corresponden
a las Comunidades autónomas. Esta regla se aplica con independencia
de que la materia objeto de la ayuda sea una competencia compartida o
exclusiva. Artikulu honetan Estatu zentralaren gastu-ahalmenaren norainokoa
aztertzen da gizarte-laguntzaren eremuan. Horretarako, eskumen autonomikoaren
garapena deskribatzen da Estatu sozialaren lurralde-deszentralizazioaren
esparruan, eta gero azken urteotan diru-laguntzak emateko ahalmenaren
erabilerari buruz Konstituzio Auzitegiak jaulkitako jurisprudentzia aztertzen da
xeheki. Artikuluan ondorioztatzen da funtsezko aldaketa gertatu dela STC 13
/1992 epaiko diru-laguntzen lurralde-banaketari buruzko irizpideen inguruan.
Aldaketa horrek ekarri du ondorio modura, diru-laguntzen deialdiak Espainiako
Konstituzioaren 149.1 artikuluko eskumen-tituluetatik banandu eta bereizi egin
direla eta laguntzen lurralde-banaketarako irizpideak berrinterpretatu direla
ikuspegi zentralista batetik, eta eskumen esklusiboen eremura lekualdatu dela
eskumen partekatuentzat finkatuta zegoen araua. Baina, horrez gainera, zentzu
zabalago batean, Estatuaren gastuaren bideratzaile izatearen eskumen-funtzioari
buruz lehen aplikatzen zen irizpidearen ordez, irizpide zabalagoa, generikoagoa
ezarri da, zeinaren arabera araugintza-eginkizunak Estatuari dagozkion
eta kudeaketa-eginkizunak, aldiz, autonomia-erkidegoei. Arau hori laguntzaren
xede den arloa eskumen partekatukoa edo esklusibokoa den kontuan hartu gabe
aplikatzen da. This article analyzes the scope of the spending power by the
Central State within the field of social assistance. To that end, it is described the development of the autonomous competence within the State territorial
descentralization in order subsequently to itemize the Constitutional Court case
law delivered during the last years regarding the use of the power to subsidize.
The article concludes that there has been a significant change in the criteria
regarding the territorialization of subsidies as stated by the Constitutional Court
judgement 13/1992. This change means the decoupling of the call for subsidies
from the powers by art. 149.1 C and a reinterpretation of the territorialization
criteria in the field of aids in terms of centralization allocating to the field of the
exclusive competences the rule established for the shared competences. But
from a broader sense the criteria of the competence as a guiding criteria for the
disposal of spending by the State has been substituted for a wider and broader
criteria according to whom legal functions belong to the State and management
functions to the Autonomous Communities. This rule applies regardless of the
field of the aid is a shared or exclusive competence.
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Jaramillo, Marcela Velasco. "The Territorialization of Ethnopolitical Reforms in Colombia: Chocó as a Case Study." Latin American Research Review 49, no. 3 (2014): 126–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lar.2014.0046.
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Mujiburohman, Abas. "FIQH AL-AQALLIYYAT AS AN AMERICAN VERSION OF LOCAL WISDOM." Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora 16, no. 1 (September 19, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v16i1.2091.
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Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas suatu bentuk kearifan lokal dalam kajian budaya hukum Islam yang berkembang di kalangan Muslim di Amerika Serikat, negara di mana mereka menjadi warga minoritas. Mengikuti Clifford Geertz dan ahli-ahli lain yang memahami hukum sebagai bagian dari kebudayaan, artikel ini berpendapat bahwa tradisi keagamaan sebuah komunitas pada akhirnya akan tumbuh dari konvergensi bermacam-macam tradisi yang dibawa oleh para individu Muslim dari kebudayaan asal mereka masing-masing. Malalui sebuah proses yang disebut dengan teritorialisasi, berbagai interaksi budaya dalam sebuah komunitas akan mengarah pada pengelompokan tiga macam tradisi: tradisi yang terus berlangsung, tradisi yang disesuaikan, dan tradisi yang disimpan. Praktek lokal sebagaimana yang disaksikan oleh penulis dalam penelitian lapangannya di kalangan Muslim kota Lansing, Michigan dapat dikategorikan sebagai tradisi kelompok kedua. Lebih jauh, kearifan lokal semacam ini telah ditemukan juga oleh para sarjana Muslim yang lain di Amerika. Di antara sarjana dimaksud, adalah Taha Jabir Al-Alwani yang mengajukan tawaran fiqh al-aqalliyyat, yang berisi himpunan praktek-praktek ajaran Islam yang mengalami penyesuaian terkait dengan status warga Muslim yang merupakan minoritas di negara tersebut.Abstract: This article discusses a type of local wisdom in the field of Islamic legal culture that is developing among Muslims of the United States as they are minority in the country. Using Clifford Geertz’ and others’ understanding of law as part of culture, this article is arguing that the eventual religious tradition of a local community will grow from the convergence of varied traditions brought by individual Muslims from their cultures of origin. Following a process called territorialization, cultural interactions within a local community will result in the production of three religious traditions: the continuing, the improvised, and the suppressed traditions. Local practice as witnessed by the writer in his field research among Muslims of Lansing, Michigan is categorized as part of the second tradition. Further, this kind of local wisdom has been observed among American Muslim scholars. Among them is Taha Jabir Al-Alwani who has proposed the term fiqh al-aqalliyyat for the collections of new practices of Islamic teachings that are related to the status of Muslims being minority in the country.
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Mosquera-Camacho, Daniela, and Andrea Marston. "Post-Conflict Territorialization in Three Dimensions: Volumetric Territorial Struggles in Post-Peace Agreement Colombia." Journal of Latin American Geography 20, no. 3 (2021): 11–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lag.2021.0048.
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García, Magdalena, and Monica E. Mulrennan. "Tracking the History of Protected Areas in Chile: Territorialization Strategies and Shifting State Rationalities." Journal of Latin American Geography 19, no. 4 (2020): 199–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lag.2020.0085.
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Kato, Karina Yoshie Martins, Nelson Giordano Delgado, and Jorge Osvaldo Romano. "Territorial Approach and Rural Development Challenges: Governance, State and Territorial Markets." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2022): 7105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127105.
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The way we produce food is at the heart of some of the current main global challenges. We are witnessing increasing social inequalities and the accentuation of hunger around the world, especially in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. At the same time, malnutrition and effects of climate change are endangering both the health of people and nature, putting life and the planet itself at risk. In general, specialists agree that the solutions to the current crisis involve the transformation of hegemonic food production chains (globalized and industrialized) and the strengthening of more territorialized food systems. The present paper reflects on how the territorial approach (extensively promoted by the State in Latin America countries in the 21st century) can be collaboratively used to create territorial food markets that are more autonomous, sustainable, and connected with nature and territorial resources. Our hypothesis is that territorial development reinforces more sustainable food systems that increase the resilience of territories facing the current challenges of rural development. The methodology involves a thematic and selective literature review, the analysis of secondary indicators, and conducting online interviews. Our analysis focused on Latin America, one of the most advanced areas in territorial development policies. We situated our research in the Borborema Territory (Paraíba, Brazil), which is a significant case study for understanding the dynamics of territorialization (and deterritorialization) of agroecological production systems that are geared towards family farming. It is also, in our opinion, a concrete case that suggests how territorialized and more localized food systems show greater resilience in the face of adversity, which can be observed in the territorial actors’ ability to react to deterritorialization drivers that are emphasised in periods of crisis. Our main findings suggest that territorial development, by placing territory, resources, and territorial actors and institutions at the core of rural development strategies, reinforces territorialized food systems centred in small circuits of production–consumption. These alternative food systems not only contribute to social and environmental sustainability but enhance territorial development by expanding opportunities for territorial actors by diversifying the territorial economy and creating more crisis-resilient territories.
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Ramcilovik-Suominen, Sabaheta. "REDD+ as a tool for state territorialization: managing forests and people in Laos." Journal of Political Ecology 26, no. 1 (July 2, 2019): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v26i1.23357.
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<p>This article analyzes the Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) policy process, through the lens of state territorialization in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos). It explores the motivations, mechanisms and strategies that drive REDD+ policy design and its implementation in the country. The provinces selected for REDD+ activities within the Emission Reduction (ER) Program, as well as the various REDD+ pilot projects are located in the north, where shifting cultivation is widespread, but where the potential for REDD+ to address deforestation and carbon sequestration is not optimal. The provinces with high carbon sequestration potential and high rates of deforestation are not part of the ER Program due to development investment projects and political sensitivity in those areas. REDD+ acts as a tool for state territorialization in a number of ways, including: (i) by targeting the areas where shifting cultivation is widely practiced, aiming to regulate village forest uses and users, (ii) by protecting state political, economic and development goals and strategies, by leaving the profitable large-scale drivers of deforestation unaddressed, including large-scale land investments, hydropower, infrastructure and mining development, and finally (iii) by providing additional motives, tools and discourses for state territorialization, including funding, technologies and the narratives that support it. I highlight, however, that REDD+ is not the sole reason for state territorial politics and practices. Rather, the instrument is layered over previous histories of colonial and post-colonial territorialization processes, continuing a similar logic, rhetoric and management practices. The REDD+ design and its technical orientation, however, appear to provide additional motives, as well as a new pool of resources, technical assistance and modern technologies that intensify the practice and politics of state territoriality in Laos.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Laos, REDD+, state territorialization,<strong> </strong>forest politics, drivers of deforestation</p>
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Motta Gonzalez, Nancy. "Las nuevas tribus urbanas en cali: desplazamiento forzado y género." La Manzana de la Discordia 1, no. 2 (March 9, 2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/lamanzanadeladiscordia.v1i2.1420.
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Resumen: Este documento es producto de una sistematización deinvestigaciones sobre desplazamiento forzado y reasentamientos,realizadas en Cali por estudiantes del Departamentode Geografía de la Universidad del Valle a fin de presentar sustesis de grado. Se emplea una metodología que integra elementosde la antropología urbana y la geografía de género, para elanálisis de las trayectorias de vida de desplazados y desplazadasque han ido construyendo ciudad, con atención especial a lamanera como se han asentado de hecho, a sus estrategias desupervivencia, y a la apropiación del espacio citadino de maneradiferencial por los hombres y las mujeres.Palabras clave: Desplazamiento forzado, desterritorialización,re-territorialización, género, asentamientos de hecho,ciudad, espacio y tiempo.Abstract: This paper is product of a systematization of research onforced displacement and resettlements, carried out in Cali bystudents of the Geography Department of Universidad del Valle,for their undergraduate theses. The methodology used integrateselements from urban anthropology and geography with a genderperspective, analyzing the lives of displaced men and womenwho have participated in the construction of the city, with specialattention to their de facto settlements, their survival strategiesand the different ways in which men and women have made thecity space their own.Key words: Forced displacement, de-territorialization,re-territorialization, gender, de facto settlements, city, space,time.
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Stornaiuolo, Amy, T. Philip Nichols, and Veena Vasudevan. "Building spaces for literacy in school: mapping the emergence of a literacy makerspace." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 17, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-03-2018-0033.
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Purpose Building on the growing interest in school-based “making” and “makerspaces,” this paper aims to map the emergence of a literacy-oriented makerspace in a non-selective urban public high school. It examines how competing conceptions of literacy came to be negotiated as students and teachers shaped this new space for literacy practice, and it traces how the layered uses of the space, in turn, reworked understandings of literacy in the larger school community. Design/methodology/approach Part of a longitudinal design-research partnership with an urban public high school, the paper draws on two years of ethnographic data collection to follow the creation, development and uses of a school-based literacy-oriented makerspace. Findings Using notions of “re-territorialization,” the paper examines how the processes of designing, mapping and building a literacy lab offered space for layered and contested purposes that instantiated more expansive views of literacy in the school – even as it created new frictions. In presenting two analytic mappings, the paper illustrates how mapping can offers resources for people to make and remake the spaces they inhabit, a form of worldmaking that can open possibilities for reshaping the built world in more just and equitable ways. Originality/value The study offers insights into how mapping can serve as a research and pedagogical resource for making legible the emergent dimensions of literacy practice across time and spaces and the multiple perspectives that inform the design and use of educational spaces. Further, it contributes to a growing literature on “making” and literacy by examining how informal making practices are folded into formal school structures and considering how this reconfigures literacy learning.
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Coutinho, Rogério Augusto Figueiredo, Antônio Dimas Cardoso, and Simone Narciso Lessa. "(TRANS)FORMAÇÃO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CONFINS E SEU PLANEJAMENTO TERRITORIAL." Revista Cerrados 16, no. 01 (March 14, 2020): 282–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc2448269220181601282308.
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O ordenamento e planejamento territorial dos municípios vêm sofrendo intensas e profundas mudanças, seja pela imposição das forças produtivas e do capital, ou ainda pela necessidade de se adotar novos arranjos territoriais que atendam determinadas necessidades e particularidades locais, trazendo na sua esteira transformações de ordem socioeconômicas e ambientais, levando a vários tipos de investimento em planejamento com abordagens diferenciadas. O último processo de planejamento da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, qual seja, o Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Integrado da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (PDDI-RMBH, 2009/2011), e o seu respectivo Macrozoneamento (MZ-RMBH, 2014), apontaram para a evidenciação da ocorrência de alguns processos socioespaciais desencadeados a partir de ações governamentais estruturantes, como é o caso do município de Confins, que já alterou toda sua legislação específica para estabelecer que o perímetro urbano, tal como definido no Plano Diretor vigente (Lei Complementar nº 012/2009), corresponde à totalidade das divisas municipais. Transformou, pois, todas as áreas/zonas rurais em áreas/zonas urbanas ou de expansão urbana. Buscou-se com esse estudo entender em que medida esse processo realizado em Confins foi derivado de disputas entre os vários interesses implicados na formação e no planejamento da Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. A justificativa do trabalho consistiu na importância de, por meio do estudo e análise dos efeitos desse processo de territorialização do município de Confins, jogar luz sobre o papel do Aeroporto (AITN), da pressão imposta pela implantação da Cidade Administrativa e do Vetor Norte, desembocando, em tese, na supressão dos espaços rurais, e, via de consequência, na produção dos correlatos espaços urbanos.
Palavras-chave: metrópole, lugar, território, aeroporto, Confins, região metropolitana.
(TRANS)TRAINING OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CONFINS AND ITS TERRITORIAL PLANNING
ABSTRACT
The planning and territorial planning of municipalities are undergoing intense and profound changes, either by the imposition of productive forces and capital, or by the need to adopt new territorial arrangements that meet certain local needs and particularities, bringing in its wake socioeconomic transformations And environmental, leading to various types of planning investment with differentiated approaches. The last planning process of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, namely the Integrated Development Master Plan of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (PDDI-RMBH, 2009/2011), and its respective Macrozoneamento (MZ-RMBH), pointed to The evidence of the occurrence of some socio-spatial processes triggered by structural governmental actions, as is the case of the municipality of Confins, which has already changed all its specific legislation to establish that the urban perimeter, as defined in the current Master Plan (Complementary Law No. 012 / 2009), corresponds to the totality of the municipal currencies. It has thus transformed all rural areas / areas into urban areas or areas of urban expansion. This study sought to understand to what extent this process carried out in Confins was derived from disputes between the various interests involved in the formation and planning of the Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. The justification of this work was the importance of studying the effects of this process of territorialization in the city of Confins, to shed light on the role of the Airport (AITN), the pressure imposed by the implementation of the Administrative City and the North Vector, Leading to the suppression of rural spaces, and consequently, in the production of related urban spaces.
Keywords: metropolis, place, territory, airport, Confins, metropolitan region.
(TRANS)FORMACIÓN DEL MUNICIPIO DE CONFINS Y SU PLANIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL
RESUMEN
El ordenamiento y planificación territorial de los municipios vienen sufriendo intensos y profundos cambios, sea por la imposición de las fuerzas productivas y del capital, o por la necesidad de adoptar nuevos arreglos territoriales que atiendan determinadas necesidades y particularidades locales, trayendo en su estera transformaciones de orden socioeconómicas y ambientales, llevando a varios tipos de inversión en planificación con enfoques diferenciados. El último proceso de planificación de la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, es decir, el Plan Director de Desarrollo Integrado de la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (PDDI-RMBH, 2009/2011), y su respectivo Macrozoneamiento (MZ-RMBH, 2014), se ha señalado para la evidencia de la ocurrencia de algunos procesos socioespaciales desencadenados a partir de acciones gubernamentales estructurantes, como es el caso del municipio de Confins, que ya alteró toda su legislación específica para establecer que el perímetro urbano, tal como se define en el Plan Director vigente (Ley Complementar nº 012/2009), corresponde a la totalidad de las divisas municipales. Transformó, pues, todas las áreas / zonas rurales en áreas / zonas urbanas o de expansión urbana. Se buscó con ese estudio entender en qué medida ese proceso realizado en Confins fue derivado de disputas entre los diversos intereses implicados en la formación y en la planificación de la Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. La justificación del trabajo consistió en la importancia de, a través del estudio y análisis de los efectos de ese proceso de territorialización del municipio de Confins, arrojar luz sobre el papel del Aeropuerto (AITN), de la presión impuesta por la implantación de la Ciudad Administrativa y del Vector Norte, desembocando, en tesis, en la supresión de los espacios rurales, y, por consiguiente, en la producción de los correlatos espacios urbanos.
Palabras clave: metrópoli, lugar, territorio, aeropuerto, Confins, región metropolitana.
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Castro, Raifran Abidimar de. "RESISTÊNCIAS CAMPONESAS MARANHENSES ÀS ESTRATÉGIAS DE DOMINAÇÃO E TERRITORIALIZAÇÃO EMPRESARIAIS/ Peasant maranhenses resistors to strategies of domination and corporate territorialization/ Resistencia campesina maranhenses a las estrategias de dominación y territorialización empresariales." REVISTA NERA, no. 47 (February 11, 2019): 272–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47946/rnera.v0i47.6272.
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Objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar como as comunidades rurais maranhenses resistem às estratégias de dominação e territorialização das grandes corporações empresariais, principalmente das empresas Vale S/A e Suzano Papel e Celulose S/A. Para isso foram selecionadas as relações entre a mineradora e os trabalhadores rurais do Assentamento Francisco Romão, localizado em Açailândia (MA); e entre a silvicultora e as quebradeiras de coco da RESEX Ciriáco, em Cidelândia (MA). A relevância do artigo é demonstrar que apesar do incentivo do poder público à instalação de estruturas logísticas, industriais e florestais ligadas às multinacionais, sobressaindo-se às políticas públicas para as comunidades rurais, os trabalhadores camponeses ainda resistem às constantes investidas corporativas pela ampliação do seu poder nos territórios dos assentamentos e das reservas extrativistas maranhenses.
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Ewald Strauch, Guilherme Freitas. "A TERRITORIALIZAÇÃO DO CAPITAL E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE RESISTÊNCIA CAMPONESA EM PARATY/RJ/ The territorialization of capital and peasant resistance strategies in Paraty/RJ/ La territorialización del capital y las estrategias de resistencia campesina en Paraty/RJ." REVISTA NERA, no. 51 (January 13, 2020): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47946/rnera.v0i51.6023.
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Este artigo trata da permanência do campesinato no mundo atual, e da ampla diversidade de suas formas e estratégias de resistência frente aos intensos processos de territorialização do capital. Destaca a necessidade de analisar a ampla pluralidade e heterogeneidade da presença do campesinato, bem como a multidimensionalidade existente relacionadas às suas dinâmicas nos territórios. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever parte da história social do campesinato em Paraty/RJ, identificando as formas e as estratégias de resistência camponesa presentes nesse território nas últimas 6 décadas. A metodologia empregada privilegiou o aspecto qualitativo da pesquisa, de valorização dos camponeses como sujeitos da história. Os resultados apontam para a existência de um campesinato multicultural, heterogêneo, mas possuidor de diversas características comuns. Neste território, as estratégias de resistência camponesa ao avanço do capital têm sido variadas, e têm ocorrido desde o interior das unidades de produção e consumo, no cotidiano, e se ampliam para aquelas exercidas de forma coletiva, pelos movimentos sociais, em fóruns e espaços de gestão social, e através das redes temáticas e de articulação política.
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Diez Hurtado, Alejandro. "Propiedad y territorio como (diferentes) bienes comunes. El caso de las tierras de comunidades en la costa norte peruana/Property and territory as (different) common property. Community lands on the northern coast of Peru." Eutopía - Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial, no. 11 (July 14, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.11.2017.2851.
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El artículo aborda el problema de la tierra comunal desde la perspectiva de los bienes comunes en los cambiantes y nuevos contextos contemporáneos. A través del análisis de dos comunidades del norte del Perú, muestra los cambios en los contenidos de los bienes comunes como en las organizaciones comunales que los gobiernan. Se desarrolla primero el proceso de formación de la propiedad comunal como bien colectivo, construido en el proceso de defensa de la tierra frente a las haciendas, analizando luego la problemática de la comunidad de Catacaos, sometida a presiones de titulación de tierras agrícolas y de vivienda, obligando a la comunidad a ensayar mecanismos de gobierno territorial. El caso de Sechura ilustra los procesos que se desencadenan cuando la comunidad recibe una renta por la tierra comunal, por derechos de uso del suelo para actividades extractivas, generando un nuevo bien colectivo que es motivo de disputa en el marco del desarrollo de reivindicaciones y defensa territorial que no pasa por la comunidad. Tratamos de mostrar que los cambios en los bienes comunes (hacia la titulación, la rentabilización o la territorialización) desencadenan crisis en las dirigencias comunales que pasan de lógicas de gobierno a lógicas de gobernanza de la tierra. Además, al involucrar otros actores en la disposición sobre los bienes comunes, éstos pueden ser considerados como semi-comunes o semi-públicos.AbstractThis article addresses the problem of communal land from the perspective of common goods in the changing and new contemporary contexts. Through the analysis of two communities in northern Peru, shows the changes in the contents of the common goods as in the communal organizations that govern them. The process of formation of communal property is first developed as a collective good, built in the process of defending the land against the haciendas. Then the case of community of Catacaos, shows how the pressures of titling agricultural land and housing land, are forcing the community to test territorial governance mechanisms. The case of Sechura illustrates the processes that are triggered when the community receives a rent for communal land, for land use rights for extractive activities. That generating a new collective good disputed and a development of claims and defense the territory without the community. We try to show how changes in common goods (towards titling, profitability or territorialization) trigger crises in communal leaderships that go from logics of government to logics of land governance. In addition, by involving other actors in the provision on common goods, these goods can be considered as semi-common or semi-public.
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Péchin, Juan. "Entre lo queer y lo cuir: arte, política y críticas pedagógicas en Argentina." interalia: a journal of queer studies, 2017, 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.51897/interalia/lqwv6052.
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The Argentinian territorialization of the queer perspective articulated the academy with social, TLGB and human rights movements. Empowered by trans/transvestite policies against police and institutional repression, the queer critique made visible the hierarchy produced by the sex-generic differences through the social maps traced by the class, ethnic and age stratifications. The law that expanded marriage irrespective of the sex of its partners (2010) and the Gender Identity Law (2012), among others, challenge and impact the institutional implementation of Integral Sexual Education in the face of the tension between the identitarian normalization of differences and the systematic questioning and disassembly of (a)normalization dynamics. This work proposes a political genealogy of the first territorializations of the queer perspective in Argentina to reflect on the articulation of activism and social movements with the institutional mechanisms of production, legitimation and circulation of knowledge in a sex-generic key.
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Zabrodska, Katerina, and Constance Ellwood. "Subjectivity as a play of territorialization: Exploring affective attachments to place through collective biography." Human Affairs 21, no. 2 (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13374-011-0019-3.
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AbstractIn this paper the authors seek to contribute to a new ontology of an embodied, desiring subject through an exploration of their own subjectivities and of the ways in which subjectivities are produced and transformed through affective attachments to place. Using the method of collective biography (Davies, Gannon 2006) and drawing on Deleuze and Guattari’s concepts of desire and territorialization they examine their affective responses and attachments to place: Australia and the Czech Republic. As a point of departure for their analysis, the authors ask: What does it mean to be homesick for a place which is not one’s home? What does it mean to desire a place? What of the other place is inscribed in the body? In asking this, the authors show the extent to which place is a zone of immanence in which a continual play of de- and re-territorialization occurs.
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Ece, Melis. "Creating property out of insecurity: territorialization and legitimation of REDD+ in Lindi, Tanzania." Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, March 22, 2021, 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07329113.2021.1900512.
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McGreevy, Steven R., Norie Tamura, Mai Kobayashi, Simona Zollet, Kazumasa Hitaka, Clara I. Nicholls, and Miguel A. Altieri. "Amplifying Agroecological Farmer Lighthouses in Contested Territories: Navigating Historical Conditions and Forming New Clusters in Japan." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 5 (August 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.699694.
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Individual agroecological farms can act as lighthouses to amplify the uptake of agroecological principles and practices by other farmers. Amplification is critical for the upscaling of agroecological production and socio-political projects emphasizing farmer sovereignty and solidarity. However, territories are contested spaces with historical, social, cultural, and economic contexts that can present challenges to the effectiveness of farmer lighthouses in catalyzing localized agrarian change. We explore these amplification dynamics through fieldwork in a particular region of Japan employing interviews and data derived from an assessment of nine farms using ten amplification indicators. The indicators include social organization, participation in networks, community leadership, and degrees of dependency on policies or markets among others, as well as degree of adoption of on-farm agroecological practices, all of which capture farmer lighthouses' potential to amplify territorial upscaling. At the same time, we trace the historical development of a previous generation of Japanese farmer lighthouses practicing organic agriculture in alignment with agroecological principles that experienced, to varying degrees, push-back, co-option, and successful territorialization in rural communities. We find that many of the same social and cultural territorial dynamics are still influential today and affecting the amplifying effect of agroecological farmer lighthouses, but also find examples of new clustering around lighthouses that take advantage of both the historical vestiges of the previous generation's efforts as well as contemporary shifts in practice and agrarian orientation. This research calls for a detailed dissection of the dynamic and contrasting processes of agroecological territorialization and the ways in which diverse contexts shape agroecological upscaling.
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Salamatian, Loqman, Frédérick Douzet, Kavé Salamatian, and Kévin Limonier. "The geopolitics behind the routes data travel: a case study of Iran." Journal of Cybersecurity 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cybsec/tyab018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In November 2019, in the wake of political demonstrations against the regime, Iran managed to selectively cut off most traffic from the global Internet while fully operating its own domestic network. It seemingly confirmed the main hypothesis our research had led us to, based on prior observation of data routing: Iran’s architecture of connectivity enables selective censorship of international traffic. This paper examines, through the case of Iran, how states can leverage the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) as a tool of geopolitical control and what are the trade-offs they face. This question raises a methodological question that we also address: how the analysis of BGP can infer and document these strategies of territorialization of cyberspace. The Internet is a network of networks where each network is an autonomous system. Autonomous systems (ASes) are independent administrative entities controlled by a variety of actors such as governments, companies and universities. Their administrators have to agree and communicate on the path followed by packets travelling across the Internet, which is made possible by BGP. Agreements between ASes are often confidential but BGP requires neighbouring ASes to interact with each other in order to coordinate routing through the constant release of connectivity update messages. These messages announce the availability (or withdrawal) of a sequence of ASes that can be followed to reach an IP address prefix. In our study, we inferred the structure of Iran's connectivity through the capture and analysis of these BGP announcements. We show how the particularities of Iran's BGP and connectivity structure can enable active measures, such as censorship, both internally and externally throughout the network. We argue that Iran has found a way to reconcile a priori conflicting strategic goals: developing a self-sustaining and resilient domestic Internet, but with tight control at its borders. It thus enables the regime to leverage connectivity as a tool of censorship in the face of social instability and as a tool of regional influence in the context of strategic competition.