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Academic literature on the topic 'Terrestrial invertebrate'
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Journal articles on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"
1
Roon, David A., Mark S. Wipfli, Tricia L. Wurtz, and Arny L. Blanchard. "Invasive European bird cherry (Prunus padus) reduces terrestrial prey subsidies to urban Alaskan salmon streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 11 (2016): 1679–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0548.
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The spread of invasive species in riparian forests has the potential to affect both terrestrial and aquatic organisms linked through cross-ecosystem resource subsidies. However, this potential had not been explored in regards to terrestrial prey subsidies for stream fishes. To address this, we examined the effects of an invasive riparian tree, European bird cherry (EBC, Prunus padus), spreading along urban Alaskan salmon streams, by collecting terrestrial invertebrates present on the foliage of riparian trees, their subsidies to streams, and their consumption by juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Riparian EBC supported four to six times less terrestrial invertebrate biomass on its foliage and contributed two to three times lower subsidies relative to native deciduous trees. This reduction in terrestrial invertebrate biomass was consistent between two watersheds over 2 years. In spite of this reduction in terrestrial prey resource input, juvenile coho salmon consumed similar levels of terrestrial invertebrates in stream reaches bordered by EBC. Although we did not see ecological effects extending to stream salmonids, reduced terrestrial prey subsidies to streams are likely to have negative consequences as EBC continues to spread.
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Popescu, Cristina, Mihaela Oprina-Pavelescu, Valentin Dinu, et al. "Riparian Vegetation Structure Influences Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities in an Agricultural Landscape." Water 13, no. 2 (2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020188.
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Stream and terrestrial ecosystems are intimately connected by riparian zones that support high biodiversity but are also vulnerable to human impacts. Landscape disturbances, overgrazing, and diffuse pollution of agrochemicals threaten riparian biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. We assessed how terrestrial invertebrate communities respond to changes in riparian vegetation in Romanian agricultural catchments, with a focus on the role of forested riparian buffers. Riparian invertebrates were sampled in 10 paired sites, with each pair consisting of an unbuffered upstream reach and a downstream reach buffered with woody riparian vegetation. Our results revealed distinct invertebrate community structures in the two site types. Out of 33 invertebrate families, 13 were unique to either forested (6) or unbuffered (7) sites. Thomisidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Curculionidae, Culicidae, and Cicadidae were associated with forested buffers, while Lycosidae, Chrysomelidae, Staphylinidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Formicidae, and Eutichuridae were more abundant in unbuffered sites. Despite statistically equivocal results, invertebrate diversity was generally higher in forested riparian buffers. Local riparian attributes significantly influenced patterns in invertebrate community composition. Our findings highlight the importance of local woody riparian buffers in maintaining terrestrial invertebrate diversity and their potential contribution as a multifunctional management tool in agricultural landscapes.
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Allan, J. David, Mark S. Wipfli, John P. Caouette, Aaron Prussian, and Joanna Rodgers. "Influence of streamside vegetation on inputs of terrestrial invertebrates to salmonid food webs." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 3 (2003): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-019.
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Salmonid food webs receive important energy subsidies via terrestrial in-fall, downstream transport, and spawning migrations. We examined the contribution of terrestrially derived invertebrates (TI) to juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in streams of southeastern Alaska by diet analysis and sampling of TI inputs in 12 streams of contrasting riparian vegetation. Juvenile coho ingested 12.1 mg·fish1 of invertebrate mass averaged across all sites; no significant differences associated with location (plant or forest type) were detected, possibly because prey are well mixed by wind and water dispersal. Terrestrial and aquatic prey composed approximately equal fractions of prey ingested. Surface inputs were estimated at ~80 mg·m2·day1, primarily TI. Direct sampling of invertebrates from the stems of six plant species demonstrated differences in invertebrate taxa occupying different plant species and much lower TI biomass per stem for conifers compared with overstory and understory deciduous plants. Traps placed under red alder (Alnus rubra) and conifer (mix of western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)) canopies consistently captured higher biomass of TI under the former. Management of riparian vegetation is likely to influence the food supply of juvenile coho and the productivity of stream food webs.
4
Neville, Peter J., and Alan L. Yen. "Standardising terrestrial invertebrate biomonitoring techniques across natural and agricultural systems." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05268.
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Invertebrate biomonitoring is often cited as a means to assess ecological sustainability. This paper surveys the use of sampling techniques to assess invertebrate abundance and diversity within natural and agricultural systems. Results found that fewer sampling techniques were used in natural systems, with the emphasis being placed on pitfall traps, than in agricultural systems, where multiple techniques and a wide range of techniques were used to document the abundance and distribution of invertebrates. A detailed examination of pitfall trap techniques demonstrated inconsistencies in use, leading to recommendations for standardised sampling regimes to document bioindicators in natural and agricultural systems.
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Al Shehhi, Hiba, and Sabir Bin Muzaffar. "Impact of Nesting Socotra Cormorants on Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities." Insects 12, no. 7 (2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12070615.
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Seabirds and some inland waterbirds nest in densely aggregated colonies. Nesting activities for a duration of months could lead to large quantities of guano deposition that affects the soil chemistry, flora and fauna. We assessed the effects of nesting Socotra Cormorants on soil invertebrates on Siniya Island, United Arab Emirates. Artificial substrate traps were set in nesting and non-nesting areas to sample invertebrates both before and after nesting had occurred. Diversity of soil invertebrate taxa decreased significantly in nesting areas compared to non-nesting areas after the commencement of nesting. This indicated that nesting activities had a negative effect on diversity. Among selected taxa, isopods and spiders decreased significantly in response to nesting activities. In contrast, ants were likely affected by habitat while beetles did not change significantly in response to nesting activities, suggesting that their numbers probably fluctuated in relation to seasonality. Ticks increased significantly but only in non-nesting areas. Thus, the impact of nesting varied between taxa depending on life history and seasonality. Our observations reflect the dynamic nature of invertebrate abundance that is affected by seasonality and the hyper-abundance of nesting seabirds.
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Collett, Nick G., and Alan L. Yen. "An overview of the terrestrial invertebrates in the Victorian north central region." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 122, no. 2 (2010): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs10019.
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Invertebrates are the dominant faunal group in most terrestrial habitats. They play important roles, often incompletely understood, in maintaining essential ecosystem services. Despite the enormous environmental changes to the North Central Region of Victoria since European settlement, and despite the lack of information about how these changes affected the native invertebrate fauna, it is not too late to include invertebrates in the management and restoration of native habitats in the region. This paper provides an overview of our understanding about terrestrial invertebrates in the region, and provides some suggestions on how to elevate the profile and utility of invertebrates in conservation management.
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Ormerod, S. J., M. E. Jones, M. C. Jones, and D. R. Phillips. "The effects of riparian forestry on invertebrate drift and brown trout in upland streams of contrasting acidity." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 3 (2004): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-578-2004.
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Abstract. Variations in macroinvertebrate drift and benthic invertebrate abundance were assessed in 30 upland Welsh streams of varying acidity (pH < 5.7 or pH.> 6.0) and riparian land-use (conifer, moorland or native broadleaf). The consequences for the diet and condition of wild brown trout Salmo trutta were also assessed. As expected from previous studies, there were significant reductions in benthic invertebrate abundance, aquatic drift density (by >60%), aquatic drift biomass (by >35%), total drift density (by >35%) and total drift biomass (by >20%) at acid sites by comparison with circumneutral sites due largely to the scarcity of mayflies. Absolute drift from terrestrial sources was unrelated to stream pH but formed a significantly greater proportion of total drift at acid sites (30-65% of density) than at circumneutral sites (20-40%) as aquatic contributions declined. Most of this apparent land use effect reflected significantly increased terrestrial drift under broadleaves. There was no significant reduction in terrestrial or aquatic drift at conifer forest sites per se after accounting for low pH. Trout diet varied substantially between locations partly reflecting variations in drift: significantly fewer mayflies and stoneflies were eaten at acid sites, and significantly more terrestrial prey were eaten under broadleaves. However, acidity did not reduce trout condition or gut-fullness. Unexpectedly, trout condition was significantly enhanced at conifer sites, irrespective of their pH. Hence, acidity has greater effects on the benthic abundance and drift density of invertebrates in upland streams than does riparian land use. However, trout forage flexibly enough to offset any possible food deficit, for example by switching to chironomids and terrestrial invertebrates. Enhanced terrestrial contributions to invertebrate drift from riparian broadleaf trees may be important in supplementing foraging opportunities for trout where aquatic prey are scarce. These data illustrate the value of native tree species in riparian locations in upland Britain and the energy subsidy they provide might well be disproportionately important for otherwise impoverished acid streams Keywords: brown trout, land-use, acidification, drift, forestry, streams
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Romero, Nicolas, Robert E. Gresswell, and Judith L. Li. "Changing patterns in coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) diet and prey in a gradient of deciduous canopies." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 8 (2005): 1797–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-099.
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We examined the influence of riparian vegetation patterns on coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki clarki diet and prey from the summer of 2001 through the spring of 2002. Benthic and drifting invertebrates, allochthonous prey, and fish diet were collected from deciduous, conifer, and mixed sections of three Oregon coastal watersheds. The nine sites were best characterized as a continuum of deciduous cover, and shrub cover and proportion of deciduous canopy were positively correlated (r = 0.74). Most sources of prey (benthic invertebrate biomass, allochthonous invertebrate inputs, aquatic and total invertebrate drift) and aquatic prey ingested by coastal cutthroat trout were greater where shrub cover was more abundant. Only aquatic drift, total invertebrate drift, and allochthonous invertebrates were positively correlated with deciduous vegetation. Compared with coniferous sites, allochthonous invertebrates under deciduous and mixed canopies were almost 30% more abundant. Stream discharge likely influenced seasonal fluxes of aquatic invertebrate biomass in the benthos and drift. Aquatic insects dominated gut contents during this study; however, terrestrial prey were most common in the diet during the summer and fall. In the Pacific northwest, systematic removal of deciduous riparian vegetation to promote conifers may have unintended consequences on food resources of coastal cutthroat trout and aquatic food web interactions.
9
Czechowski, Paul, Duanne White, Laurence Clarke, Alan McKay, Alan Cooper, and Mark I. Stevens. "Age-related environmental gradients influence invertebrate distribution in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 12 (2016): 160296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160296.
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The potential impact of environmental change on terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems can be explored by inspecting biodiversity patterns across large-scale gradients. Unfortunately, morphology-based surveys of Antarctic invertebrates are time-consuming and limited by the cryptic nature of many taxa. We used biodiversity information derived from high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to elucidate the relationship between soil properties and invertebrate biodiversity in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica. Across 136 analysed soil samples collected from Mount Menzies, Mawson Escarpment and Lake Terrasovoje, we found invertebrate distribution in the Prince Charles Mountains significantly influenced by soil salinity and/or sulfur content. Phyla Tardigrada and Arachnida occurred predominantly in low-salinity substrates with abundant nutrients, whereas Bdelloidea (Rotifera) and Chromadorea (Nematoda) were more common in highly saline substrates. A significant correlation between invertebrate occurrence, soil salinity and time since deglaciation indicates that terrain age indirectly influences Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity, with more recently deglaciated areas supporting greater diversity. Our study demonstrates the value of HTS metabarcoding to investigate environmental constraints on inconspicuous soil biodiversity across large spatial scales.
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A. Mallick, Stephen, and Michael M. Driessen. "An inventory of the invertebrates of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area." Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no. 3 (2005): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050198.
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This paper summarizes the information contained in an inventory of invertebrates recorded from the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area (WHA). The WHA covers an area of 1.38 million hectares in the western half of Tasmania. A total of 1397 terrestrial/freshwater species from 293 families in nine phyla are listed as occurring in the WHA. The most diverse phylum is the Uniramia (904 species, 172 families), followed by the Chelicerata (179 species, 56 families), Aschelminthes (Rotifera: 90 species, 22 families), Crustacea (88 species, 21 families), Mollusca (69 species, 14 families), Annelida (57 species, five families), Platyhelminthes (eight species, one family), and the Onychophora and Nemertea (one species each). Sixty-three marine and estuarine species from six phyla are listed for the limited area of marine/estuarine habitat within the WHA. The terrestrial/freshwater WHA invertebrate fauna is characterized by high Tasmanian endemism (46.7% of species are Tasmanian endemics), and a high proportion of species with a predominantly western-Tasmanian distribution and/or a restricted geographical range. The WHA includes the globally unique Bathurst Harbour estuarine system. The marine and estuarine invertebrate fauna of the estuary is largely undescribed, but is likely to show very high levels of Tasmanian and local endemicity. The characteristics of the WHA invertebrate fauna reflect the extant habitats of the area, as well as past geological and climatic processes that have led to their development. The WHA contains 16 threatened invertebrate species, while a total of 34 introduced terrestrial and seven introduced marine invertebrate species have been recorded from the WHA. The invertebrate fauna of the WHA contributes substantially to the World Heritage faunal values of the area. Formal description of currently undescribed material from Bathurst Harbour is likely to substantially add to the World significance of the WHA. The high level of protection afforded the WHA makes the area important for long-term invertebrate fauna conservation in Tasmania. A full inventory of species can be viewed on the Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment (DPIWE) website (www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au).