Relevant bibliographies by topics / Terrestrial invertebrate

Academic literature on the topic 'Terrestrial invertebrate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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Roon, David A., Mark S. Wipfli, Tricia L. Wurtz, and Arny L. Blanchard. "Invasive European bird cherry (Prunus padus) reduces terrestrial prey subsidies to urban Alaskan salmon streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 11 (November 2016): 1679–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0548.

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The spread of invasive species in riparian forests has the potential to affect both terrestrial and aquatic organisms linked through cross-ecosystem resource subsidies. However, this potential had not been explored in regards to terrestrial prey subsidies for stream fishes. To address this, we examined the effects of an invasive riparian tree, European bird cherry (EBC, Prunus padus), spreading along urban Alaskan salmon streams, by collecting terrestrial invertebrates present on the foliage of riparian trees, their subsidies to streams, and their consumption by juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Riparian EBC supported four to six times less terrestrial invertebrate biomass on its foliage and contributed two to three times lower subsidies relative to native deciduous trees. This reduction in terrestrial invertebrate biomass was consistent between two watersheds over 2 years. In spite of this reduction in terrestrial prey resource input, juvenile coho salmon consumed similar levels of terrestrial invertebrates in stream reaches bordered by EBC. Although we did not see ecological effects extending to stream salmonids, reduced terrestrial prey subsidies to streams are likely to have negative consequences as EBC continues to spread.
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Popescu, Cristina, Mihaela Oprina-Pavelescu, Valentin Dinu, Constantin Cazacu, Francis Burdon, Marie Forio, Benjamin Kupilas, et al. "Riparian Vegetation Structure Influences Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities in an Agricultural Landscape." Water 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020188.

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Stream and terrestrial ecosystems are intimately connected by riparian zones that support high biodiversity but are also vulnerable to human impacts. Landscape disturbances, overgrazing, and diffuse pollution of agrochemicals threaten riparian biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. We assessed how terrestrial invertebrate communities respond to changes in riparian vegetation in Romanian agricultural catchments, with a focus on the role of forested riparian buffers. Riparian invertebrates were sampled in 10 paired sites, with each pair consisting of an unbuffered upstream reach and a downstream reach buffered with woody riparian vegetation. Our results revealed distinct invertebrate community structures in the two site types. Out of 33 invertebrate families, 13 were unique to either forested (6) or unbuffered (7) sites. Thomisidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Curculionidae, Culicidae, and Cicadidae were associated with forested buffers, while Lycosidae, Chrysomelidae, Staphylinidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Formicidae, and Eutichuridae were more abundant in unbuffered sites. Despite statistically equivocal results, invertebrate diversity was generally higher in forested riparian buffers. Local riparian attributes significantly influenced patterns in invertebrate community composition. Our findings highlight the importance of local woody riparian buffers in maintaining terrestrial invertebrate diversity and their potential contribution as a multifunctional management tool in agricultural landscapes.
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Allan, J. David, Mark S. Wipfli, John P. Caouette, Aaron Prussian, and Joanna Rodgers. "Influence of streamside vegetation on inputs of terrestrial invertebrates to salmonid food webs." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-019.

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Salmonid food webs receive important energy subsidies via terrestrial in-fall, downstream transport, and spawning migrations. We examined the contribution of terrestrially derived invertebrates (TI) to juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in streams of southeastern Alaska by diet analysis and sampling of TI inputs in 12 streams of contrasting riparian vegetation. Juvenile coho ingested 12.1 mg·fish–1 of invertebrate mass averaged across all sites; no significant differences associated with location (plant or forest type) were detected, possibly because prey are well mixed by wind and water dispersal. Terrestrial and aquatic prey composed approximately equal fractions of prey ingested. Surface inputs were estimated at ~80 mg·m–2·day–1, primarily TI. Direct sampling of invertebrates from the stems of six plant species demonstrated differences in invertebrate taxa occupying different plant species and much lower TI biomass per stem for conifers compared with overstory and understory deciduous plants. Traps placed under red alder (Alnus rubra) and conifer (mix of western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)) canopies consistently captured higher biomass of TI under the former. Management of riparian vegetation is likely to influence the food supply of juvenile coho and the productivity of stream food webs.
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Neville, Peter J., and Alan L. Yen. "Standardising terrestrial invertebrate biomonitoring techniques across natural and agricultural systems." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05268.

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Invertebrate biomonitoring is often cited as a means to assess ecological sustainability. This paper surveys the use of sampling techniques to assess invertebrate abundance and diversity within natural and agricultural systems. Results found that fewer sampling techniques were used in natural systems, with the emphasis being placed on pitfall traps, than in agricultural systems, where multiple techniques and a wide range of techniques were used to document the abundance and distribution of invertebrates. A detailed examination of pitfall trap techniques demonstrated inconsistencies in use, leading to recommendations for standardised sampling regimes to document bioindicators in natural and agricultural systems.
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Al Shehhi, Hiba, and Sabir Bin Muzaffar. "Impact of Nesting Socotra Cormorants on Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities." Insects 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12070615.

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Seabirds and some inland waterbirds nest in densely aggregated colonies. Nesting activities for a duration of months could lead to large quantities of guano deposition that affects the soil chemistry, flora and fauna. We assessed the effects of nesting Socotra Cormorants on soil invertebrates on Siniya Island, United Arab Emirates. Artificial substrate traps were set in nesting and non-nesting areas to sample invertebrates both before and after nesting had occurred. Diversity of soil invertebrate taxa decreased significantly in nesting areas compared to non-nesting areas after the commencement of nesting. This indicated that nesting activities had a negative effect on diversity. Among selected taxa, isopods and spiders decreased significantly in response to nesting activities. In contrast, ants were likely affected by habitat while beetles did not change significantly in response to nesting activities, suggesting that their numbers probably fluctuated in relation to seasonality. Ticks increased significantly but only in non-nesting areas. Thus, the impact of nesting varied between taxa depending on life history and seasonality. Our observations reflect the dynamic nature of invertebrate abundance that is affected by seasonality and the hyper-abundance of nesting seabirds.
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Collett, Nick G., and Alan L. Yen. "An overview of the terrestrial invertebrates in the Victorian north central region." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 122, no. 2 (2010): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs10019.

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Invertebrates are the dominant faunal group in most terrestrial habitats. They play important roles, often incompletely understood, in maintaining essential ecosystem services. Despite the enormous environmental changes to the North Central Region of Victoria since European settlement, and despite the lack of information about how these changes affected the native invertebrate fauna, it is not too late to include invertebrates in the management and restoration of native habitats in the region. This paper provides an overview of our understanding about terrestrial invertebrates in the region, and provides some suggestions on how to elevate the profile and utility of invertebrates in conservation management.
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Ormerod, S. J., M. E. Jones, M. C. Jones, and D. R. Phillips. "The effects of riparian forestry on invertebrate drift and brown trout in upland streams of contrasting acidity." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2004): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-578-2004.

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Abstract. Variations in macroinvertebrate drift and benthic invertebrate abundance were assessed in 30 upland Welsh streams of varying acidity (pH < 5.7 or pH.> 6.0) and riparian land-use (conifer, moorland or native broadleaf). The consequences for the diet and condition of wild brown trout Salmo trutta were also assessed. As expected from previous studies, there were significant reductions in benthic invertebrate abundance, aquatic drift density (by >60%), aquatic drift biomass (by >35%), total drift density (by >35%) and total drift biomass (by >20%) at acid sites by comparison with circumneutral sites due largely to the scarcity of mayflies. Absolute drift from terrestrial sources was unrelated to stream pH but formed a significantly greater proportion of total drift at acid sites (30-65% of density) than at circumneutral sites (20-40%) as aquatic contributions declined. Most of this apparent land use effect reflected significantly increased terrestrial drift under broadleaves. There was no significant reduction in terrestrial or aquatic drift at conifer forest sites per se after accounting for low pH. Trout diet varied substantially between locations partly reflecting variations in drift: significantly fewer mayflies and stoneflies were eaten at acid sites, and significantly more terrestrial prey were eaten under broadleaves. However, acidity did not reduce trout condition or gut-fullness. Unexpectedly, trout condition was significantly enhanced at conifer sites, irrespective of their pH. Hence, acidity has greater effects on the benthic abundance and drift density of invertebrates in upland streams than does riparian land use. However, trout forage flexibly enough to offset any possible food deficit, for example by switching to chironomids and terrestrial invertebrates. Enhanced terrestrial contributions to invertebrate drift from riparian broadleaf trees may be important in supplementing foraging opportunities for trout where aquatic prey are scarce. These data illustrate the value of native tree species in riparian locations in upland Britain and the energy subsidy they provide might well be disproportionately important for otherwise impoverished acid streams Keywords: brown trout, land-use, acidification, drift, forestry, streams
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Romero, Nicolas, Robert E. Gresswell, and Judith L. Li. "Changing patterns in coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) diet and prey in a gradient of deciduous canopies." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 1797–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-099.

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We examined the influence of riparian vegetation patterns on coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki clarki diet and prey from the summer of 2001 through the spring of 2002. Benthic and drifting invertebrates, allochthonous prey, and fish diet were collected from deciduous, conifer, and mixed sections of three Oregon coastal watersheds. The nine sites were best characterized as a continuum of deciduous cover, and shrub cover and proportion of deciduous canopy were positively correlated (r = 0.74). Most sources of prey (benthic invertebrate biomass, allochthonous invertebrate inputs, aquatic and total invertebrate drift) and aquatic prey ingested by coastal cutthroat trout were greater where shrub cover was more abundant. Only aquatic drift, total invertebrate drift, and allochthonous invertebrates were positively correlated with deciduous vegetation. Compared with coniferous sites, allochthonous invertebrates under deciduous and mixed canopies were almost 30% more abundant. Stream discharge likely influenced seasonal fluxes of aquatic invertebrate biomass in the benthos and drift. Aquatic insects dominated gut contents during this study; however, terrestrial prey were most common in the diet during the summer and fall. In the Pacific northwest, systematic removal of deciduous riparian vegetation to promote conifers may have unintended consequences on food resources of coastal cutthroat trout and aquatic food web interactions.
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Czechowski, Paul, Duanne White, Laurence Clarke, Alan McKay, Alan Cooper, and Mark I. Stevens. "Age-related environmental gradients influence invertebrate distribution in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 12 (December 2016): 160296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160296.

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The potential impact of environmental change on terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems can be explored by inspecting biodiversity patterns across large-scale gradients. Unfortunately, morphology-based surveys of Antarctic invertebrates are time-consuming and limited by the cryptic nature of many taxa. We used biodiversity information derived from high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to elucidate the relationship between soil properties and invertebrate biodiversity in the Prince Charles Mountains, East Antarctica. Across 136 analysed soil samples collected from Mount Menzies, Mawson Escarpment and Lake Terrasovoje, we found invertebrate distribution in the Prince Charles Mountains significantly influenced by soil salinity and/or sulfur content. Phyla Tardigrada and Arachnida occurred predominantly in low-salinity substrates with abundant nutrients, whereas Bdelloidea (Rotifera) and Chromadorea (Nematoda) were more common in highly saline substrates. A significant correlation between invertebrate occurrence, soil salinity and time since deglaciation indicates that terrain age indirectly influences Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity, with more recently deglaciated areas supporting greater diversity. Our study demonstrates the value of HTS metabarcoding to investigate environmental constraints on inconspicuous soil biodiversity across large spatial scales.
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A. Mallick, Stephen, and Michael M. Driessen. "An inventory of the invertebrates of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area." Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no. 3 (2005): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050198.

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This paper summarizes the information contained in an inventory of invertebrates recorded from the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area (WHA). The WHA covers an area of 1.38 million hectares in the western half of Tasmania. A total of 1397 terrestrial/freshwater species from 293 families in nine phyla are listed as occurring in the WHA. The most diverse phylum is the Uniramia (904 species, 172 families), followed by the Chelicerata (179 species, 56 families), Aschelminthes (Rotifera: 90 species, 22 families), Crustacea (88 species, 21 families), Mollusca (69 species, 14 families), Annelida (57 species, five families), Platyhelminthes (eight species, one family), and the Onychophora and Nemertea (one species each). Sixty-three marine and estuarine species from six phyla are listed for the limited area of marine/estuarine habitat within the WHA. The terrestrial/freshwater WHA invertebrate fauna is characterized by high Tasmanian endemism (46.7% of species are Tasmanian endemics), and a high proportion of species with a predominantly western-Tasmanian distribution and/or a restricted geographical range. The WHA includes the globally unique Bathurst Harbour estuarine system. The marine and estuarine invertebrate fauna of the estuary is largely undescribed, but is likely to show very high levels of Tasmanian and local endemicity. The characteristics of the WHA invertebrate fauna reflect the extant habitats of the area, as well as past geological and climatic processes that have led to their development. The WHA contains 16 threatened invertebrate species, while a total of 34 introduced terrestrial and seven introduced marine invertebrate species have been recorded from the WHA. The invertebrate fauna of the WHA contributes substantially to the World Heritage faunal values of the area. Formal description of currently undescribed material from Bathurst Harbour is likely to substantially add to the World significance of the WHA. The high level of protection afforded the WHA makes the area important for long-term invertebrate fauna conservation in Tasmania. A full inventory of species can be viewed on the Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment (DPIWE) website (www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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McDonald, Jennifer C. Venables Barney J. "Bacterial challenge in Lumbricus terrestris a terrestrial invertebrate immunotoxicity model /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3640.

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McDonald, Jennifer C. "Bacterial Challenge in Lumbricus Terrestris: A Terrestrial Invertebrate Immunotoxicity Model." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3640/.

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A bacterial challenge assay was developed utilizing the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris, in order to assess potential immunotoxic effects from exposure to specific polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Earthworms were inoculated with Aeromonous hydrophila, establishing a 10-day LD50. In vitro assays for effects of PCBs on phagocytosis agreed with mammalian studies, demonstrating potent suppression of phagocytosis by the non-coplanar PCB congener 138 and no suppression by the coplanar congener 126. However, when the effects of the two PCB congeners were evaluated for suppression of resistance to a whole animal infection challenge assay, coplanar PCB 126 decreased the ability of L. terrestris to withstand infection while non-coplanar PCB 138 did not.
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Loreaux, Hosanna B. "Nutrient Flux from Aquatic to Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities Across a Lakeside Ecotone." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1557912595532676.

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Gulish, Matthew C. "SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES IN A FORESTED STREAM ECOSYSTEM." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1544453804036894.

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Horwood, Jane. "Changes in soil invertebrate decomposer communities during regeneration of Scots pine within the Abernethy Forest Reserve, Scotland." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2001. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20131/.

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Plans currently exist to extend the range of native woodland within the Scottish Highlands. The effects of such an expansion on birds, mammals and above ground invertebrates have been previously been investigated, but little consideration has been given to soil invertebrates. This research looks at effects of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) regeneration on the meso- and macro- soil invertebrate communities. Within the Abernethy Forest Reserve (the largest remaining tract of native Scots pine woodland within the UK) mature woodland (pine-dominated) and moorland (Calluna vulgaris-dominated) sites were chosen on the three soil types present; an iron podzol, humus-iron podzol and peat. Three intermediate regeneration sites, upon two of the soil types, were also selected based on tree density and diameter at breast height (dbh). Together these sites formed two transects representing succession from moorland to mature woodland on the two soil types. At each site soil invertebrates were collected to a depth of 0.1 in and pitfall traps set. Litter bags were placed at the woodland and moorland sites to examine invertebrate succession during Pinus and Calluna litter decomposition. All invertebrates were identified to order and oribatid mites identified further using the morphospecies technique. The influences of soil type, depth, season and tree age on invertebrate communities were analysed using TWINSPAN and CANOCO. Results suggested that differences were present in invertebrate abundance and community structure between the two soil types, with more variation occurring along the peat transect than podzol transect. A number of oribatid morphospecies showed differences in density between transect sites and indicator species were present which separated the younger regenerating sites form older woodland. CANOCO analysis demonstrated that this was primarily due to changes in soil pH and temperature. In litter bags, Calluna showed significantly greater colonisation compared with Pinus at all sites and woodland litter bags supported a greater diversity of invertebrates than comparable moorland bags. Calluna litter is more complex than Pinus and may therefore provide a greater number of niches for invertebrates and shelter from prey. Differences between sites may be due to the presence of species adapted to utilising both litter types at the woodland end of the transect. In general concentrations of N and P significantly influenced the community composition within litter bags (pc0.05), but there were no significant relationships with other macronutrients. This work has shown that there are differences in the invertebrate community composition during the regeneration of Scots pine and decomposition of litter, however it is currently unclear whether these changes are truly successional.
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Stratton, Mark A. "Spatiotemporal Abundance Patterns and Ecological Drivers of A Nearshore U.S. Atlantic Fish and Invertebrate Assemblage." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499450080.

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Taking an ecosystem approach to fisheries requires the consideration of relevant ecological processes within research and assessment frameworks. Processes affecting ecosystem productivity can be categorized as biophysical (climate variability, primary production), exploitative (fishing), or trophodynamic (food web interactions). This dissertation incorporates these three governing processes to characterize spatiotemporal diversity and population abundance trends for multiple demersal fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the nearshore zone (15-30 ft. depth) along portions of the U.S. Atlantic east coast. Two large marine ecosystems (LMEs) encompass the U.S. East coast – the Southeast and Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf LMEs. The level of connectivity within and between these two ecosystems is well understood for some individual species, but not generally for the nearshore assemblage. The first research chapter of this dissertation is a spatial diversity analysis of 141 fish and invertebrate species that inhabit nearshore waters from Florida to New York. Latitudinal diversity patterns revealed multiple biotic ecotones, or areas of high species turnover. An ecotone was evident in northern spring near the Cape Hatteras border of the two LMEs, but this barrier dissipated as water temperatures homogenized and assemblage connectivity between ecosystems increased throughout the year. Multiple other biotic ecotones were evident within the Southeast U.S. LME and were explained by seasonality and the proximity and area of adjacent estuarine habitat. The second and third research chapters of this dissertation focus on explaining temporal abundance trends for multiple nearshore fish and invertebrate species within the Southeast U.S. LME. For the second research chapter, abundance trends for 71 species were analyzed during 1990-2013 within a univariate time series modeling framework with the goal of determining the relative importance of climate variability and fishing pressure as governing influences on abundance. A decrease in bycatch mortality explained changes for multiple species, while climate variability governed the dynamics for others. Multivariate ordination revealed similar trends for groups of taxonomically related species, indicating governing processes act on species with similar life histories. An extension of results from the second research chapter, research chapter three explores trophic interactions between the bonnethead shark (Sphyrna tiburo) and five of its prey species within Southeast U.S. LME nearshore waters. Multivariate time series modeling supports a negative effect of bycatch on bonnetheads, and population-level predation effects of larger sharks on multiple prey species. Abundance trends for most prey species were also explained by environmental variability associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, although trophic effects were stronger. This body of work incorporates relevant ecological factors in characterizing diversity and abundance trends for fish and invertebrate species comprising the nearshore demersal assemblage within Southeast and Northeast U.S. LMEs. Results indicate seasonal connectivity between LMEs that require further exploration at multiple spatial scales. Abundance time series modeling for multiple species in the Southeast U.S. LME reveals that fishing and trophodynamics may be relatively more influential drivers than climate variability in this sub-tropical system.
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Buzzelli, Christopher. "Cue processing and spatial navigation in the terrestrial isopod." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1492166083535544.

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Graham, Tristian. "The impact of Phytophthora dieback and the aerial application of phosphite on terrestrial invertebrate communities of south coast heathlands, Western Australia." Thesis, Graham, Tristian (2003) The impact of Phytophthora dieback and the aerial application of phosphite on terrestrial invertebrate communities of south coast heathlands, Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/32628/.

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Terrestrial invertebrates were surveyed from south coast heathland environments, Gull Rock and Waychinicup National Park. These study sites chosen from within these two regions consist of both healthy and Phytophthora cinnamomi infected vegetation. Phosphite was being aerially applied to parts of these sites as a preventative treatment for the further spread of Phytophthora dieback disease into healthy areas. The experiment aimed to sample terrestrial invertebrate communities using pitfall traps and a foliage beating technique in Phytophthora dieback affected areas and healthy areas and also before and after phosphite application to assess any potential non-target impacts. Invertebrates were identified and analaysed at ordinal level classification and Coleoptera (beetles) were sorted to morphospecies to assess impacts at a finer taxonomic level. Shannon-Wiener Index of Diversity, Sorenses Index of Similarity, Multi-dimesional Scaling, Multi-variate ANOVA and Univariate ANOV A were all used to decide whether there were any impacts of Phytophthora dieback and Phosphite Application of the invertebrates collected. Analysis revealed strong seasonal effects within data but no trends eluding to impact of Phytophthora dieback or Phosphite application.
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Gelfgren, Maria. "The importance of litter for interactions between terrestrial plants and invertebrates." Thesis, Umeå University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-34761.

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According to the exploitation ecosystem hypothesis (EEH), terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by well defined trophic levels and strong trophic interactions with community level tropic cascades. In unproductive terrestrial habitats as tundra heaths, the energy shunt from litter and apparent competition between herbivores and detritivores are expected to be important for the structure and dynamics of the invertebrate community. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis by investigating if plant litter accumulation was affecting the invertebrate community on a nutrient-poor tundra heath. The study was performed during one summer on the highland part of Joatka research area, in the north of Norway.

The experimental area included 16 plots (100 m2 each), of which 12 had been littermanipulated. On four plots the amount of litter was increased by 100 %, on four by 200 % and on four by 400 %. Four plots were untreated and used as control plots. Invertebrates were collected by emergence traps (which cover an area of 1 m2), one trap on each plot and one pitfall trap inside each emergence trap. During the study period, traps were emptied and moved twice, resulting in three sampling periods. The invertebrates collected were counted and their length was measured, than all invertebrates were sorted into taxa and trophic guilds. During the study period, herbivore grazing damage was investigated on all 16 experimental plots, signs of herbivores on leaves of vascular plants in an area covering 3 m2 per plot were noted, for every leaf with signs of herbivory the percentage of leaf area removed was estimated.

Plant biomass and plant species composition were estimated in all experimental plots by harvesting above-ground plant parts. In each plot, two squares were randomly chosen and all biomass in this square was collected. Plant biomass was sorted in to following groups: dwarf birch, billberry, Salix herbacea, Salix spp, graminoids, herbs, lichens, mosses and dwarf shrub. Before weighing the plant material, it was stored in paper bags at room temperature and then dried for 48 h at 40°C. In order to detect fertilisation effects, all bilberry shoots that had been produced during the actual summer were separately weighted when analyzing the plant biomass.

The result showed that the invertebrate community in this area is dominated by carnivores while detritivores, parasitoids and herbivores are quite rare, this was in accordance with previous studies made in the area. Litter manipulation did not create any significant variation in the community structure, but there was a slight tendency that carnivore biomass increased and biomass of herbivores decreased when litter was added to the system. In contrary to this,

gracing activity especially on dwarf willow (Salix herbacea) increased in plots were 100 % and 200 % more litter was added. There is a positive correlation between biomass of herbivores and detritivores but the reason for this seems unclear. No fertilisation effect was detected in litter manipulated plots. The structure and dynamics of the actual community could not be described by the food web theory EEH and energy shunt from litter and apparent competition between herbivores and detritivores. It seems to be several complicating factors to take into consideration when describing this community.

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Averhed, Björn. "Kan förändringar i bottenfaunan påvisas två år efter en bäckrestaurering?" Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57866.

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The aim of this work is to analyze if a change in the benthic community can be detected two years after a restoration of a small stream. The samples were taken in a small stream at Tinnerö Eklandskap just south of Linköping. In addition to the restored area, two reference sites upstream and downstream of the restored area were sampled to compare to the restored site. The method used for sampling of benthic fauna in the stream was kick sampling. ASPT, Berger-Parker and Renkonen-indices were used to find out if there was any difference between the reference areas and the restored area. In addition to indices, rank-abundance curves and species lists were made to see if there was any trend difference between the different areas. The only index that showed a difference between the different areas was Berger-Parker diversity index. The reason why there were no greater differences between the areas may be due to the fact that two years is too short to allow time for the benthos to re-colonize the restored area.

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Books on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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Gunawardene, Nihara R. The terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island, Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Western Australian Museum, 2013.

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Johnson, Scott N., and T. Hefin Jones, eds. Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119070894.

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Hopkin, Stephen P. Ecophysiology of metals in terrestrial invertebrates. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1989.

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Scudder, Geoffrey. Terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates of British Columbia: Priorities for inventory and descriptive research. Victoria, B.C: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests Research Program, 1996.

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Tilling, S. M. A key to the major groups of British terrestrial invertebrates. Shrewsbury: Field Studies Council, 1987.

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Harvey, Mark S. Worms to wasps: An illustrated guide to Australia's terrestrial invertebrates. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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Tilling, Stephen. A key to the major groups of British terrestrial invertebrates. Telford: FSC, 2014.

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Langor, David W., and Jon Sweeney, eds. Ecological Impacts of Non-Native Invertebrates and Fungi on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9680-8.

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Langor, David William. Ecological Impacts of Non-Native Invertebrates and Fungi on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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Scudder, G. G. E. An annotated systematic list of the potentially rare and endangered freshwater and terrestrial invertebrates in British Columbia. [Victoria, B.C.]: ESBC, Entomological Society of British Columbia, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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Nechitaylo, Taras Y., Manuel Ferrer, and Peter N. Golyshin. "Terrestrial Invertebrate Animal Metagenomics, Lumbricidae." In Encyclopedia of Metagenomics, 622–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7475-4_21.

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Nechitaylo, Taras Y., Manuel Ferrer, and Peter N. Golyshin. "Terrestrial Invertebrate Animal Metagenomics, Lumbricidae." In Encyclopedia of Metagenomics, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_21-1.

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Wilson, Michael J., and Randy Gaugler. "Terrestrial Mollusc Pests." In Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology, 787–804. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1547-8_35.

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Wilson, Michael J. "Terrestrial mollusc pests." In Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology, 751–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5933-9_37.

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Barton, Philip S., Melanie S. Archer, Maria-Martina Quaggiotto, and James F. Wallman. "Invertebrate Succession in Natural Terrestrial Environments." In Forensic Entomology, 141–53. Third edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351163767-6.

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Eilenberg, Jørgen, and Annette Bruun Jensen. "Prevention and Management of Diseases in Terrestrial Invertebrates." In Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases, 495–526. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119256106.ch14.

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Facey, Sarah L., and Andrew N. Gherlenda. "Forest Invertebrate Communities and Atmospheric Change." In Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates, 252–73. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119070894.ch13.

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Lindroth, Richard L., and Kenneth F. Raffa. "Experimental Approaches for Assessing Invertebrate Responses to Global Change Factors." In Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates, 30–45. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119070894.ch3.

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Johnson, Scott N., James M. W. Ryalls, and Joanna T. Staley. "Impacts of Atmospheric and Precipitation Change on Aboveground-Belowground Invertebrate Interactions." In Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates, 229–51. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119070894.ch12.

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Hogg, Ian D., Mark I. Stevens, and Diana H. Wall. "Invertebrates." In Antarctic Terrestrial Microbiology, 55–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45213-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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Majer, Jonathan, Gamal Orabi, and L. Bisevac. "Incorporation of Terrestrial Invertebrate Data in Mine Closure Completion Criteria Adds Sensitivity and Value." In First International Seminar on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/605_62.

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Brunetti, Claudia, Henk Siepel, Pietro Paolo Fanciulli, Francesco Nardi, and Antonio Carapelli. "Investigating the Diversity of the Terrestrial Invertebrate Fauna of Antarctica: A Closer Look at the Stereotydeus (Acari: Prostigmata) Genus <sup>†</sup>." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09405.

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LaBonte, James R. "Oregon's onslaught of terrestrial exotic invertebrates." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107670.

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Lichnovsky, Jakub. "SELECTED GROUPS OF TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES AS BIOINDICATORS OF CHANGES IN MINING LANDSCAPE (PASKOV MINE, CZECH REPUBLIC)." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b52/s20.059.

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Reports on the topic "Terrestrial invertebrate"

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Checkai, Ronald T., Roman G. Kuperman, Michael Simini, and Carlton T. Phillips. Derivation of Draft Ecological Soil Screening Levels for TNT and RDX Utilizing Terrestrial Plant and Soil Invertebrate Toxicity Benchmarks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573533.

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Pratt, Gordon. Terrestrial Invertebrates, Edwards Air Force Base, 1997. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377707.

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Pratt, Gordon. Terrestrial Invertebrates of Edwards Air Force Base, 1996. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada359673.

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Tweet, Justin, Holley Flora, Summer Weeks, Eathan McIntyre, and Vincent Santucci. Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289972.

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Abstract:
Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (PARA) in northwestern Arizona has significant paleontological resources, which are recognized in the establishing presidential proclamation. Because of the challenges of working in this remote area, there has been little documentation of these resources over the years. PARA also has an unusual management situation which complicates resource management. The majority of PARA is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM; this land is described here as PARA-BLM), while about 20% of the monument is administered by the National Park Service (NPS; this land is described here as PARA-NPS) in conjunction with Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE). Parcels of state and private land are scattered throughout the monument. Reports of fossils within what is now PARA go back to at least 1914. Geologic and paleontologic reports have been sporadic over the past century. Much of what was known of the paleontology before the 2020 field inventory was documented by geologists focused on nearby Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA) and LAKE, or by students working on graduate projects; in either case, paleontology was a secondary topic of interest. The historical record of fossil discoveries in PARA is dominated by Edwin McKee, who reported fossils from localities in PARA-NPS and PARA-BLM as part of larger regional projects published from the 1930s to the 1980s. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has mapped the geology of PARA in a series of publications since the early 1980s. Unpublished reports by researchers from regional institutions have documented paleontological resources in Quaternary caves and rock shelters. From September to December 2020, a field inventory was conducted to better understand the scope and distribution of paleontological resources at PARA. Thirty-eight localities distributed across the monument and throughout its numerous geologic units were documented extensively, including more than 420 GPS points and 1,300 photos, and a small number of fossil specimens were collected and catalogued under 38 numbers. In addition, interviews were conducted with staff to document the status of paleontology at PARA, and potential directions for future management, research, protection, and interpretation. In geologic terms, PARA is located on the boundary of the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range provinces. Before the uplift of the Colorado Plateau near the end of the Cretaceous 66 million years ago, this area was much lower in elevation and subject to flooding by shallow continental seas. This led to prolonged episodes of marine deposition as well as complex stratigraphic intervals of alternating terrestrial and marine strata. Most of the rock formations that are exposed in the monument belong to the Paleozoic part of the Grand Canyon section, deposited between approximately 510 and 270 million years ago in mostly shallow marine settings. These rocks have abundant fossils of marine invertebrates such as sponges, corals, bryozoans, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, crinoids, and echinoids. The Cambrian–Devonian portion of the Grand Canyon Paleozoic section is represented in only a few areas of PARA. The bulk of the Paleozoic rocks at PARA are Mississippian to Permian in age, approximately 360 to 270 million years old, and belong to the Redwall Limestone through the Kaibab Formation. While the Grand Canyon section has only small remnants of younger Mesozoic rocks, several Mesozoic formations are exposed within PARA, mostly ranging in age from the Early Triassic to the Early Jurassic (approximately 252 to 175 million years ago), as well as some middle Cretaceous rocks deposited approximately 100 million years ago. Mesozoic fossils in PARA include marine fossils in the Moenkopi Formation and petrified wood and invertebrate trace fossils in the Chinle Formation and undivided Moenave and Kayenta Formations.
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