Relevant bibliographies by topics / Terahertz; t-rays

Academic literature on the topic 'Terahertz; t-rays'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Terahertz; t-rays"

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Withayachumnankul, Withawat, Bernd M. Fischer, and Derek Abbott. "Numerical removal of water vapour effects from terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 464, no. 2097 (May 6, 2008): 2435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.0294.

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The use of T-rays, or terahertz radiation, to identify substances by their spectroscopic fingerprints is a rapidly moving field. The dominant approach is presently terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. However, a key problem is that ambient water vapour is ubiquitous and the consequent water absorption distorts the T-ray pulses. Water molecules in the gas phase selectively absorb incident T-rays at discrete frequencies corresponding to their molecular rotational transitions. When T-rays propagate through an atmosphere, this results in prominent resonances spread over the T-ray spectrum; furthermore, in the time domain, fluctuations after the main pulse are observed in the T-ray signal. These effects are generally undesired, since they may mask critical spectroscopic data. So, ambient water vapour is commonly removed from the T-ray path by using a closed chamber during the measurement. Yet, in some applications, a closed chamber is not always feasible. This situation, therefore, motivates the need for an optional alternative method for reducing these unwanted artefacts. This paper represents a study on a computational means that is a step towards addressing the problem arising from water vapour absorption over a moderate propagation distance. Initially, the complex frequency response of water vapour is modelled from a spectroscopic catalogue. Using a deconvolution technique, together with fine tuning of the strength of each resonance, parts of the water vapour response are removed from a measured T-ray signal, with minimal signal distortion, thus providing experimental validation of the technique.
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Im, Kwang-Hee, Sun-Kyu Kim, Jong-An Jung, Young-Tae Cho, Yong-Deuck Woo, and Chien-Ping Chiou. "NDE Terahertz Wave Techniques for Measurement of Defect Detection on Composite Panels of Honeycomb Sandwiches." Electronics 9, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091360.

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Terahertz wave (T-ray) technologies have become a popular topic in scientific research over the last two decades, and can be utilized in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. This study suggests an optimal scanning technique method for honeycomb sandwich composite panels, where skins were utilized with two different skins, namely, carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) skin and glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) skin, as layers of the panel surfaces. Foreign objects were artificially inserted between the skins and honeycomb cells in the honeycomb sandwich composite panels. For this experiment, optimal T-ray scanning methods were performed to examine defects based on the angle between the one-ply thin fiber skin axis and the angle of the electric field (E-field) according to the amount of conductivity of the honeycomb sandwich composite panels. In order to confirm the fundamental characteristics of the terahertz waves, the refractive index values of the GFRP composites were experimentally obtained and analyzed, with the data agreeing with known solutions. Terahertz waves (T-rays) were shown to have limited penetration in honeycomb sandwich composite panels when utilized with a skin of carbon fibers. Therefore, T-rays were found to interact with the electrical conductivity and electric field direction of honeycomb sandwich composite panels with glass fiber skins. The T-ray images were obtained regardless of the electric field direction and the fiber direction. In the honeycomb sandwich composite panels with carbon fiber skins, the T-ray images with higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios depended on the scanning angle between the angle of the carbon fiber and the angle of the electric field. Thus, the angle of optimum detection measurement was confirmed to be 90° between the E-field and the fiber direction, particularly when using a carbon fiber skin.
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HU, Q. "TERAHERTZ QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS AND REAL-TIME T-RAYS IMAGING AT VIDEO RATE." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 04 (December 2008): 983–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012915640800593x.

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We report our development of terahertz (THz) quantum-cascade lasers with record performance. Using those high-power lasers as the illumination sources and a focal-plane array camera, we are able to perform real-time THz imaging at video rate.
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Mickan, S. P., and X. C. Zhang. "T-Ray Sensing and Imaging." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 13, no. 02 (June 2003): 601–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156403001843.

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Terahertz (THz) radiation occupies part of the electromagnetic spectrum between the infrared and microwave bands. Until recently, technology at THz frequencies was under-developed compared to the rest of the electromagnetic spectrum, leaving a gap between millimeter waves and the far-infrared (FIR). In the past decade, interest in the THz gap has been increased by the development of ultrafast laser-based T-ray systems and their demonstration of diffraction-limited spatial resolution, picosecond temporal resolution, DC-THz spectral bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratios above 104. This chapter reviews the development, the state of the art and the applications of T-ray spectrometers. Continuous-wave (CW) THz-frequency sources and detectors are briefly introduced in comparison to ultrafast pulsed THz systems. An emphasis is placed on experimental applications of T-rays to sensing and imaging, with a view to the continuing advance of technologies and applications in the THz band.
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SUN, YIWEN, TIANFU WANG, SIPING CHEN, JIAN ZUO, ZHENWEI ZHANG, and CUNLIN ZHANG. "IMPACT OF DYNAMICAL HYDRATION SHELL AROUND HA PROTEIN ON NONLINEAR CONCENTRATION DEPENDENT T-RAYS ABSORPTION." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 06, no. 04 (October 2013): 1350047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545813500478.

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T-rays is sensitive to covalently cross-linked proteins and can be used to probe unique dynamic properties of water surrounding a protein. In this paper, we demonstrate the unique absorption properties of the dynamic hydration shells determined by hemagglutinin (HA) protein in terahertz frequency. We study the changes arising from different concentrations in detail and show that nonlinear absorption coefficient is induced by the dynamic hydration water. The binary and ternary component model were used to interpret the nonlinearity absorption behaviors and predict the thickness of the hydration shells around the HA protein in aqueous phase.
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Im, Kwang-Hee, Sun-Kyu Kim, Jong-An Jung, Young-Tae Cho, Yong-Deuck Woo, and Chien-Ping Chiou. "NDE Detection Techniques and Characterization of Aluminum Wires Embedded in Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels Using Terahertz Waves." Materials 12, no. 8 (April 17, 2019): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12081264.

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For many years, scientists have been aware of the importance of terahertz waves (T-rays), which have now emerged as an NDE (nondestructive evaluation) technique for certain ranges of the electronic spectrum. The present study deals with T-ray scanning techniques of honeycomb sandwich composite panels with a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) skin as well as the refractive index (n), and the electrical conductivity (α) of glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites. For this experiment, the degree of penetration to FRP composites is investigated for the THz transmitted power based on the angle in the electric field (E-field) direction vs. the direction of the unidirectional carbon fibers. Also, when CFRP skin honeycomb sandwich panels are manufactured for use in aerospace applications, aluminum wires are twisted together into the one-sided surface of the honeycomb sandwich panels to protect against thunderstorms. The aluminum wires are partly visible because they are embedded in the CFRP skin on the honeycomb sandwich panels. After finishing work with a paintjob, the wires become invisible. Thus, detecting the aluminum wires is a key issue for product monitoring. Based on a simple resistor model, an optimal scanning method is proposed to determine the preferred scan orientation on the baseline of the E-field in the direction of fibers to evaluate the level of transmission of T-rays according to the frequency bandwidth. Thus, the combination of angles required to detect the aluminum wires embedded with carbon fibers on the surface of the composite panels can be determined.
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Kovalevska, Larysa, Olexandr Golenkov, Yelyzaveta Kulahina, Todd Callender, Fedir Sizov, and Elena Kashuba. "A Comparative Study on the Viability of Normal and Cancerous Cells upon Irradiation with a Steady Beam of THz Rays." Life 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2022): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12030376.

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Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic radiation is commonly used in astronomy, security screening, imaging, and biomedicine, among other applications. Such approach has raised the question of the influence of THz irradiation on biological objects, especially the human body. However, the results obtained to date are quite controversial. Therefore, we performed a comparative study on the viability of normal cells and cancer cells upon irradiation with a steady beam of THz rays. We used human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cancer cell lines. Primary human mononuclear blood cells (monocytes, and B-, and T-cells) showed an increased death rate, determined by cell counting and fluorescence microscopy, upon 0.14 THz irradiation. The effect of THz radiation was different among malignant cells of B- and T-cell origin (Ramos and Jurkat cells) and epithelial cancer cells (MCF7 and LNCaP). This was demonstrated by cell counting and by the alamarBlue assay. In conclusion, THz radiation can result in the death of human primary and malignant cells. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon is largely unknown. Hence, more work should be done to shed some light on the mechanism of action of THz irradiation in living organisms to enhance technologic developments.
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Im, Kwang Hee, David K. Hsu, Chien Ping Chiou, and Daniel J. Barnard. "T-Ray NDE Inspections on the Fiber Direction of Thermoplastic PPS-Based CFRP Composites." Advanced Materials Research 650 (January 2013): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.650.253.

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Terahertz ray (T-ray) imaging has been emerged as one of the most promising new powerful nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques, and new application systems are under processing development for the area applications. The terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) can be considered as a useful tool using general non-conducting materials; however it is quite limited to conducting materials. In this study, a new time-domain spectroscopy system was utilized for detecting and evaluating layup effect and flaw in FRP composite laminates. In order to solve various material properties, the index of refraction (n) and the absorption coefficient (α) are derived in reflective and transmission configuration using the terahertz time domain spectroscopy. However, the T-ray is limited in order to penetrate a conducting material to some degree. So, investigation of terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) was made and reflection and transmission configurations were studied for a 48-ply thermoplastic PPS (poly-phenylene sulfide)-based CFRP solid laminate.
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Im, Kwang-Hee, Je-Woong Park, In-Young Yang, and David Kuei Hsu. "Influence of electric field direction of terahertz radiation on composite materials." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 12 (December 26, 2016): 1603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316688592.

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Terahertz waves (T-ray) for the non-destructive evaluation were investigated on composite materials. The modalities of the T-ray radiation used were time domain spectroscopy and continuous wave for composites. The composite materials are composed of non-conducting polymeric composites and carbon fiber composites. T-ray signals in the time domain spectroscopy mode resembles that of ultrasound; however, unlike ultrasound, T-ray pulse can detect a crack hidden behind a larger crack (shadow effect). Thick glass fiber reinforced polymer laminates containing double-saw slots was demonstrated. Also, in carbon composites the penetration of T-ray waves was investigated in order to detect flaws is strongly affected by the angle between the electric field vector of the terahertz waves and the intervening fiber directions. Other composites tested in this study include both solid laminates and honeycomb sandwiches. The defects and anomalies investigated by T-ray were foreign material inclusions, simulated disbond and delamination, mechanical impact damage, heat damage, and water or hydraulic fluid ingression. The intensive characterization of T-ray for the non-destructive evaluation of composites are being discussed.
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Im, Kwang Hee, Sun Kyu Kim, David K. Hsu, and Jong An Jung. "Coating Thickness Characterization of Composite Materials Using Terahertz Waves." Materials Science Forum 878 (November 2016): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.878.70.

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Recently, terahertz ray imaging has emerged as one of the most promising new powerful nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for the area applications. In this study, a new time-domain spectroscopy system was utilized for measuring the coating thickness on CFRP composite laminates. Extensive experimental measurements in reflection mode were made to map out the T-ray images. Also, the refractive index was estimated based on the electromagnetic properties. The CFRP composite laminates were observed in reflection mode and limitations will be discussed in the T-ray processing. By using these characterized material properties, the characteristics was successfully demonstrated for T-ray behavior propagating through the Shim Stock films for acquiring the refractive index. The T-ray technique has been developed for the measurement of the thickness of the Shim Stock films and the coating thickness on CFRP composites. Good results have been obtained in tests made on the thickness of the standard film samples with the coating thickness ranging from around hundreds of μm.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Terahertz; t-rays"

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Anbarasu, Arungalai. "Characterization of defects in fiber composites using terahertz imaging." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24632.

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Lin, Hungyen. "An investigation of Terahertz near-field imaging." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/74157.

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The spatial resolution of conventional terahertz (THz) images is limited by the wavelength of THz radiation (0.3mmfor 1 THz) and is therefore in the submillimetre range. The general motivation behind an increased spatial resolution is to distinguish objects separated by sub-wavelength distances and to cater for a smaller sample size. Owing to the infancy of the technology, much work has to be carried out to improve the system resolution. The focus of this Thesis is not to further improve the resolution, but rather, take a step back to elucidate further understanding THz near-field approach. This thesis, in the scope of engineering, investigates the focused beam near-field technique through experimentation and modelling with an aim to provide a better understanding in the far-field and near-field regime. The work aims to assist with the future implementation of THz near-field imaging systems. This body of work performs far-field studies of a sub-wavelength THz source (Chapter 5) and a near-field investigation for potential microscopic application (Chapter 6). In particular, this can be outlined into two categories: Far-field studies of a sub-wavelength THz source focus on modelling the source as a radiating Gaussian aperture and illustrate the breakdown of the paraxial approximation at low THz frequencies. The findings show that the shape of the radiation pattern causes a reduction in detectable THz radiation and hence contribute significantly to low signal-to-noise ratio in THz radiation generation. The investigation can apply without a loss of generality to other types of sub-wavelength sources for THz generation, such as, in photoconduction and plasma generation. Simulation of the laser heating effects from prolonged intense exposure of a highly confined optical beam on the THz emitter is also conducted. The near-field investigation of a sub-wavelength THz source in a THz emitter also models the source as a radiating Gaussian aperture. Based on realistic parameter values, the model allows for THz beam characterisation in the near-field region for potential microscopy applications. The proposed validated numerical model therefore aids in the quantitative understanding of the performance parameters. The work can be applied to other focused beam THz techniques such as photoconductive antennas without a loss of generality. Thin THz emitters have been reported to generate THz radiation power enhancement. Empirical investigation of a reported unexpected thin crystal power enhancement is also conducted. In addition to these parts of the original contributions, the Thesis offers an introductory background to THz-TDS and THz near-field imaging. Three side investigations are described in the appendices: (i) THz photoconductive antenna material characterisation, (ii) THz near-field material detection, and (iii) Gas recognition with THz-TDS.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2012
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Png, Gretel Markris Wei Na. "Terahertz spectroscopy and modelling of biotissue." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/65936.

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Pulsed terahertz (THz, or T-ray) research has burgeoned since its inception in the mid 1980s when the first pulses of THz radiation were emitted via electro-optic sampling. At the time, this discovery was a milestone for time domain spectroscopy because existing microwave and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometers were not sensitive in the 0.1–10 THz frequency range. However, it would take several years before THz generation would become practical for spectroscopic use. In recent years, THz research has progressed to such a great extent that THz generation and detection techniques are now reliable and relatively low-cost, therefore THz has the potential to be used in a vast array of real-world applications ranging from security reinforcement (detection of weapons and explosives) to medical diagnosis (identifying melanomas). Indeed many bodies of research work have successfully demonstrated the efficacy of THz, although many challenges still exist before THz matures beyond the realm of research into everyday life. This Thesis focuses on the area of THz spectroscopy and modelling of biotissue, with the aim of broadening the application of THz in medicine, particularly in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since the nature of biotissue is complex, THz measurements of biotissue are prone to variability. Therefore, this Thesis includes the study of simpler biological analogues that mimic aspects of biotissue. The work described in this Thesis makes five major novel contributions to THz research of biotissue: (i) the exploration of hydration and storage issues in freshly excised biotissue prior and during THz measurements; (ii) the use of snap-frozen biotissue in THz measurements for the purpose of investigating the plausibility of utilising THz sensing to distinguish between healthy and AD-afflicted human brain tissue; (iii) the use of THz spectroscopy to non-destructively differentiate between soft protein microstructures containing features of one of the known fibrillar pathogens of AD; (iv) the use of THz spectroscopy and full-wave electromagnetics simulation to study scattering from fibrillar structures akin to fibrillar pathogens of AD; and (v) transmission line modelling of THz propagation and reflection from stratified tissue layers in the human head. The first part of this Thesis provides a historical review of the development of THz technology, with emphasis on the contributions of infrared (IR) and microwave research towards the realisation of the various THz generation and detection techniques available today. The various techniques are briefly reviewed prior to a thorough discussion of the types of THz generation and detection techniques used in this Thesis: electro-optic and photoconductive. A reviewof relevant IR,microwave, and THzmedical research completes the first part of this Thesis. In the second part of this Thesis, novel THz measurements of biotissue are presented and their results discussed. Experiment protocols for the handling and storage of excised biotissue are highlighted to emphasise how storage and hydration can severely alter THz measurements. Novel alternative sample preparation techniques, in the form of lyophilisation and snap-freezing, are presented. Terahertz spectroscopic comparison of healthy and AD-afflicted human tissue reveals promise for a future THz diagnostic tool, but highlights the need to investigate simplified biotissue analogues, such as skin, fat, and proteins. This need leads to the third part of this Thesis. The third part of this Thesis involves THz spectroscopic study of one analogue of ADafflicted biotissue: synthetically manufactured microstructures that resemble the proteins associatedwith AD. Terahertz differentiation of thismicrostructure fromonewith a dissimilar shape is revealed, suggesting a new non-destructive application for THz spectroscopy in biomedicine. The mechanism behind the differentiation is believed to be that of scattering, thus the next part of this Thesis explores scattering from more controlled test samples. The penultimate part of this Thesis utilises a full-wave electromagnetics simulator to explain THz scattering from custom-built fibrillar structures. The novel use of the simulator allows a more accurate means of studying THz scattering, resulting in better agreement between measurement and simulation. The extra dimension of information that mathematical simulation provides leads to the final part of this Thesis, where a feasibility study is performed on the use of THz spectroscopy to study tissue layers in the head, with the aim of determining whether current THz systems can be used for in vivo diagnostic studies of tissue layers underneath the skin. The contributions of this Thesis are important steps in advancing the use of THz in medicine, paving the way for the next generation of experimental and mathematical modelling studies of THz interaction with biotissue, in order to develop reliable THz diagnostic tools of the future.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2010
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Atakaramians, Shaghik. "Terahertz waveguides: a study of microwires and porous fibres." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69317.

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This Thesis reports the development of fibres to guide terahertz (THz) or T-ray radiation. It demonstrates the theoretical studies of THz microwires (air-clad solid core fibres) and a new form of waveguide: the porous fibre. Porous fibre has an arrangement of sub-wavelength featured air-holes in the cross-section, resulting in improved confinementof the propagating mode while retaining the low loss characteristic compared to air-clad sub-wavelength waveguide or microwires. Porous fibres also offer lower frequency dependent loss and dispersion compared to microwires. Furthermore, introducing asymmetrical discontinuity leads to high birefringence, which is comparable to recently achieved high birefringence in photonic crystal fibres. Furthermore, this thesis involves the first successful fabrication of highly porous polymer fibres, with both symmetrical and asymmetrical discontinuities, via an extrusion process. In order to achieve rapid and reproducible waveguide cross-sections three different cleaving techniques—based on the use of a semiconductor dicing saw, focused ion beam milling, and a 193 nm ultraviolet laser—have been investigated for cleaving of polymer porous fibres. Finally, two different techniques have been utilised for characterisation of porous fibres. The first approach leads to the first experimental verification of frequency dependence of effective refractive indices of polymer porous fibres and microwires. The second approach exploits a micromachined photoconductive probe-tip for sampling of the THz pulse along the waveguide, from which the frequency dependent absorption coefficient and refractive index are determined. Moreover, the evanescent field distribution of porous fibres as a function of frequency is measured for the first time.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2011
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Book chapters on the topic "Terahertz; t-rays"

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Yin, Xiaoxia, Brian W. H. Ng, and Derek Abbott. "Pattern Formation and Recognition Using T-Rays." In Terahertz Imaging for Biomedical Applications, 65–71. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1821-4_5.

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Yin, Xiaoxia, Brian W. H. Ng, and Derek Abbott. "2D Wavelet Segmentation in 3D T-Ray CT." In Terahertz Imaging for Biomedical Applications, 191–99. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1821-4_11.

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"Terahertz Radiation (T-rays)." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 1948. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_16803.

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HU, Q. "TERAHERTZ QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS AND REAL-TIME T-RAYS IMAGING AT VIDEO RATE." In Selected Topics in Electronics and Systems, 225–34. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814273022_0020.

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Zimdars, David, Jeffrey S. White, G. Stuk, G. Fichter, G. Sucha, and S. Williamson. "LARGE AREA TIME DOMAIN TERAHERTZ (T-RAY) IMAGING NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION FOR SECURITY AND AEROSPACE." In Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization, 303–23. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812770943_0013.

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Conference papers on the topic "Terahertz; t-rays"

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Nuss, M. C. "Terahertz waves, T-rays, and T-birds." In Technical Digest Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Conference Edition. 1998 Technical Digest Series, Vol.6. IEEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.1998.675791.

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Hunsche, Stefan, and Martin C. Nuss. "Terahertz t-ray tomography." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Mohammed N. Afsar. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.331195.

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Pearce, Jeremy, Hyeokho Choi, Daniel M. Mittleman, Jeff White, and Dave Zimdars. "T-Ray Reflection Computed Tomography." In Optical Terahertz Science and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otst.2005.tuc7.

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Zimdars, David, Jeffrey S. White, G. Stuk, A. Chernovsky, G. Fichter, G. Sucha, and S. Williamson. "Time Domain Terahertz (T-Ray) Subsurface and Structural Imaging." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2717999.

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Kim, Geun-Ju, Woo-Kyung Han, Jung-Il Kim, and Seok-Gy Jeon. "High resolution terahertz imaging (T-ray) with a horn antenna." In 2010 35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2010.5612407.

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Withayachumnankul, W., B. M. Fischer, S. P. Mickan, and D. Abbott. "T-ray multilayer interference filter." In 2007 Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2007.4516511.

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Fischer, B. M., and D. Abbott. "T-ray spectroscopy of biomolecules." In 2007 Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2007.4516550.

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Atakaramians, S., S. A. Vahid, B. M. Fischer, D. Abbott, and T. M. Monro. "Loss mechanisms for T-ray microwires." In 2007 Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves and the 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2007.4516743.

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Mittleman, Daniel M. "Terahertz Imaging: A New Technique for Inspection of Dielectric Materials." In ISTFA 1999. ASM International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1999p0003.

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Abstract Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a promising new technology which provides a relatively simple means of generating and detecting single-cycle pulses of far-infrared (or terahertz) radiation. One of the most interesting aspects of this system is its insensitivity to the thermal background. This obviates the need for cryogenic apparatus; as a result, this may be the first portable far-infrared spectrometer. Recent work has demonstrated the possibility of tomographic imaging using THz-TDS. In this imaging mode, a reflected pulse train is used to construct a three-dimensional representation of a composite material, using the timing between reflected pulses to determine the spacing between adjacent dielectric interfaces. Here, the transverse resolution is determined by the diffraction-limited focus of the THz beam, and is typically ~300 microns. The longitudinal (depth) resolution of ~100 microns is determined by the coherence length of the radiation, although the location of isolated surfaces can be determined with far higher precision. Since many common packaging materials have high transparency in the THz range, this suggests the possibility of exploiting this new imaging system for non-invasive testing and on-line monitoring. The operation of the THz “T-ray” imaging system will be described, and several examples will be provided which illustrate its capabilities and limitations.
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Park, Wook-Ki, Min Woo Ryu, Kyung Rok Kim, Kibog Park, and Seong-Tae Han. "Terahertz antenna compatible with CMOS array detector for a real-time T-ray imaging system." In 2012 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2012.6421769.

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