Academic literature on the topic 'Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy":
Smith, Ryan M., and Mark A. Arnold. "Selectivity of Terahertz Gas-Phase Spectroscopy." Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 21 (October 15, 2015): 10679–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03028.
Lu, Jian, Yaqing Zhang, Harold Y. Hwang, Benjamin K. Ofori-Okai, Sharly Fleischer, and Keith A. Nelson. "Nonlinear two-dimensional terahertz photon echo and rotational spectroscopy in the gas phase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 42 (October 4, 2016): 11800–11805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609558113.
Burmistrov E. R. and Avakyants L. P. "Determination of 2DEG parameters in LED heterostructures with three quantum wells In-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-N/GaN by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDs)." Physics of the Solid State 65, no. 2 (2023): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pss.2023.02.55399.503.
Kilcullen, Patrick, I. D. Hartley, E. T. Jensen, and M. Reid. "Terahertz Time Domain Gas-phase Spectroscopy of Carbon Monoxide." Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 36, no. 4 (January 16, 2015): 380–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10762-014-0139-z.
Burmistrov, E. R., and L. P. Avakyants. "Teragertsevaya spektroskopiya s vremennym razresheniem (THZ–TDS) svetodiodnykh geterostruktur s tremya i pyat'yu kvantovymiyamami InxGa1−xN/GaN." Журнал экспериментальной и теоретической физики 163, no. 5 (May 15, 2023): 669–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044451023050061.
Бурмистров, Е. Р., and Л. П. Авакянц. "Исследование параметров двумерного электронного газа в квантовых ямах InGaN/GaN методом терагерцового плазмонного резонанса." Физика и техника полупроводников 55, no. 11 (2021): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2021.11.51561.9685.
Neumaier, P. F. X., K. Schmalz, J. Borngräber, R. Wylde, and H. W. Hübers. "Terahertz gas-phase spectroscopy: chemometrics for security and medical applications." Analyst 140, no. 1 (2015): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4an01570c.
Hindle, Francis, Lotta Kuuliala, Meriem Mouelhi, Arnaud Cuisset, Cédric Bray, Mathias Vanwolleghem, Frank Devlieghere, Gaël Mouret, and Robin Bocquet. "Monitoring of food spoilage by high resolution THz analysis." Analyst 143, no. 22 (2018): 5536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an01180j.
Vogt, Dominik Walter, Angus Harvey Jones, and Rainer Leonhardt. "Terahertz Gas-Phase Spectroscopy Using a Sub-Wavelength Thick Ultrahigh-Q Microresonator." Sensors 20, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20103005.
Hindle, Francis, Robin Bocquet, Anastasiia Pienkina, Arnaud Cuisset, and Gaël Mouret. "Terahertz gas phase spectroscopy using a high-finesse Fabry–Pérot cavity." Optica 6, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optica.6.001449.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy":
Zhang, Yaqing Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Two-dimensional terahertz rotational spectroscopy in the gas phase." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122715.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Two-dimensional (2D) coherent spectroscopy has been developed to study molecular dynamics and structures for decades, but its extension into the terahertz (THz) regime remains rare. In this thesis, I describe several experiments using two-dimensional terahertz rotational spectroscopy. Employing intense THz electromagnetic fields and the differential chopping technique, we have extended multi-dimensional coherent spectroscopy into the THz regime. We have observed rotational dynamics of linear, symmetric-top, and asymmetric-top molecular species, indicating that 2D THz spectroscopy is an incisive tool for investigating collective quantum effects of the rotational degree of freedom. Based on the quantum mechanical rigid rotor model, we have developed simulation and calculation approaches to disentangling spectroscopic signals from molecular rotations.
We have shown ultrafast 2D THz photon echo spectroscopy of gaseous acetonitrile samples, revealing J-state-resolved rotational dynamics in symmetric-top molecular rotors. We have revealed nonlinear rotational couplings and many-body interactions in water vapor, uncovering the strongly correlated nature of rotational quantum states in water molecules. Additionally, experimental evidence of linear and nonlinear THz spectroscopy of stable water dimers in the vicinity of atmospheric conditions has been observed. We have reported dual-type rotational couplings and a propensity for the K-state-dependent cross-peaks in sulfur dioxide, highlighting distinct rotational properties in slightly asymmetric-top molecules. We have measured the quartic THz effect using two-dimensional THz-Raman hybrid spectroscopy, opening the way for understanding and applications of higher-even-order THz-matter coherences beyond the linear and quadratic THz field effects.
Utilizing the density matrix and time propagation approaches, we have developed a set of simulation and calculation methodologies to characterize rotational dynamics in the gas phase based on the quantum mechanical rigid-rotor model. Our work shows the remarkable capability of 2D THz spectroscopy to interrogate rotational dynamics in the gas phase, laying a foundation for understanding and manipulation of nonlinear light-molecule interactions via multi-dimensional coherent THz spectroscopy.
by Yaqing Zhang.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry
Elmaleh, Coralie. "Développement d’un prototype ultrasensible d’analyse de gaz dans le domaine submillimétrique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024DUNK0698.
This thesis explores the technological development of a spectroscopic experiment in the submillimeter range, also known as Terahertz (THz). This spectral band stands out for its ability to precisely resolve molecular doublets, enabling clear and precise identification of complex gas mixtures, even when other wavelengths might fail.Although the THz region offers exceptional resolving power, spectrometers operating in this region often face sensitivity challenges due to the development of technology in this band. Thanks to an innovative approach, we have implemented the first Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) experiment capable of quantifying compounds to ppb precision. The study is concentrated between 550 GHz and 650 GHz, a window of the THz spectrum that not only offers unrivalled resolution and molecular sensitivity, but also possesses the ability to penetrate non-conducting materials while being non-ionizing. These properties position this technology at the cutting edge of analysis tools, promising a plethora of applications, from fundamental research to industrial applications
Decker, Jean. "Analyse TeraHertz sur site en temps réel des composés réglementés à l’émission atmosphérique en phase gazeuse du Centre de Valorisation Énergétique de la Communauté Urbaine de Dunkerque." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024DUNK0696.
Incineration with energy recovery is one of the main treatment methods for municipal waste. The residues and emissions generated by combustion generally present an environmental and health risk. The constant evolution of regulations is tending to control emissions more and more strictly, by extending standards to new substances and lower and lower emission thresholds. This development is only possible thanks to the development of measuring instruments. High-resolution THz spectroscopy offers the advantage to detect a large number of polar compounds at trace level, with exceptional selectivity enabling unambiguous detection without any prior information about the sample. These advantages make it a very interesting and complementary alternative to currently developed techniques. The aim of this thesis work was to demonstrate and evaluate the capacity of THz spectroscopy to be used as an instrument for real-time diagnosis and monitoring of compounds of environmental interest on industrial sites. The CVE of the Dunkirk Urban Community offered to take up this challenge. A spectrometer based on the use of a frequency multiplication chain has been developed, enabling the detection of most of the compounds regulated in waste incineration, in the single frequency band of 530-620 GHz covered by a single stage. The detection limits obtained are compatible with regulatory emission limit values. The installation of the instrument on site demonstrated the ability of spectroscopy to carry out real-time quantitative multi-component in-situ monitoring. Continuous measurements of SO₂ and CO over more than 24 hours were carried out at the CVE and comparison of the results with those of two certified infrared instruments (an automated measurement system and a portable analyser) showed excellent agreement. It should be noted that a frequency-modulated line profile model has been developed for the purpose of real-time relative quantification without recourse to calibration standards. To increase the instrument's sensitivity, the preconcentration technique was coupled to the spectrometer. Measurements were carried out over complete sampling and analysis times of no more than ten minutes, making it possible to measure various COVs in atmospheric emissions from the CVE, such as formaldehyde, methanol and acetone, at sub-ppm concentrations. We have thus demonstrated the ability of THz spectroscopy to individually detect and discriminate COVs semi-continuously on site. Such an instrument could therefore be used for process and emission measurements, as well as for environmental and ambient air applications
Mahé, Jérôme. "Far infrared/Tera-Hertz spectroscopy in the gas phase : experiments and theory." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE043/document.
Infrared spectroscopy allows the assignment of three dimensional structures of molecular systems, by comparing experimental and theoretical spectra. Our investigations take place in the gas phase, where molecules and clusters are free of intermolecular interactions.Our work combines experimental IR-UV ion dip spectroscopy and theoretical DFT-MD anharmonic spectroscopy. The infrared spectrum is calculated for low energy 3Dstructures and the best match between theory and experiment provides the information about the structure present in the experimental conditions.We demonstrate for several systems that far infrared/THz spectroscopy (<800 cm-1, <24THz) allows conformational assignment without ambiguities, contrary to the more traditional 1000-4000 cm-1 range. Systems investigated here are dipeptides, a β-sheet model, phenol derivatives (also complexe dwith water molecules), DNA base pairs, all these structures being built on intra-/intermolecular hydrogen bonds
Marcinkiewicz, Michal. "Terahertz Spectroscopy of Topological Phase Transitions in HgCdTe-based systems." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS068/document.
This thesis presents an investigation of different topological phases in mercury-cadmium-telluride (HgCdTe or MCT) based heterostructures. These solid state systems are indeed a perfect playground to study topological states, as their band structure can be easily varied from inverted to non-inverted, by changing internal or external parameters.If a system has an inverted band ordering, its electronic structure has a non-trivial topology. One cannot change its topological order without closing the band gap, which is inevitably accompanied with the appearance of massless particles in the bulk. A system, that has an inverted band structure and a finite gap in which the Fermi level is positioned, is called a topological insulator. These novel materials are insulators in the bulk, but host gapless metallic states with linear dispersion relation at boundaries, protected against disorder and backscattering on non-magnetic impurities. These states arise at the interfaces between materials characterized by a different topological order. A 2D topological insulator is thus characterized by a set of 1D spin-polarized channels of conductance at the edges, while a 3D topological insulator supports spin-polarized 2D Dirac fermions on its surfaces.The 2D and 3D massless fermions have already been demonstrated experimentally in HgCdTe-based heterostructures. However, the topological phase transitions during which the massless particles appear remain barely explored. The HgCdTe band structure can be tuned from inverted to non-inverted using chemical composition, pressure, temperature, or quantum confinement. These parameters therefore allow to probe the system in the vicinity of different topological phase transitions. In this thesis, the use of temperature as continuous band gap tuning parameter allows to study the appearance and the parameters of semi-relativistic 2D Dirac and 3D Kane fermions emerging at the points of phase transitions.The systems investigated were Hg$_{1-x}$Cd$_x$Te bulk systems and HgTe/CdTe quantum wells characterized by an inverted and regular band order, and strained HgTe films which can be considered as 3D topological insulators with a residual quantum confinement. All these systems exhibit topological properties, and the experimental results are interpreted according to theoretical predictions based on the Kane model. This thesis is complemented by an overview and the preliminary results obtained on a different compound -- a InAs/GaSb broken-gap quantum well, which was also identified as a topological insulator. The structures were studied by means of terahertz and mid-infrared magneto-transmission spectroscopy in a specifically designed experimental system, in which temperature could be tuned in a broad range
Touil, Abdelhafid. "Étude par microscopie optique de la nucléation, croissance et dissociation des hydrates de gaz." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU3010/document.
The nucleation, growth and dissociation of gas hydrate across a water – gas meniscus in glass capillaries are investigated by means of video-microscopy and confocal Raman spec- troscopy under controlled temperature, pressure, cooling rate and substrate wettability and geometry. Structure I and II hydrates are examined, with the following guest molecules: CO2, CH4, N2, cyclopentane, and cyclopentane + CO2. By lowering the temperature well below 0 °C, i.e., under strong subcooling, all these hydrates but the cyclopentane hydrate nucleate without forming ice on the liquid water – guest meniscus, which is rapidly covered with a polycrystalline crust. The hydrate then propagates from this meniscus as fast-growing fibers or dendrites in bulk water and as a thin polycrystalline crust, or halo, along the capillary wall. On water-wet substrates, this halo advances on the guest side of the meniscus, fed by a water layer sandwiched between the halo and glass. Symmetrically, on guest-wet (silane-treated) glass, the halo and an underlying guest layer grow on the water side of the interface. No halo is observed on intermediate-wet glass. The hydrate halo growth and morphology and the thickness of its underlying water (or guest) layer strongly depend on subcooling. Thanks to the small capillary volume and the rapid temperature descent, the metastability limit of CO2 hydrate is approached for various pressures and substrate wettabilities. The low subcooling regime is investigated as well: a novel CO2 hydrate morphology is discovered for subcoolings below 0.5 °C, which consist of a hollow hydrate crystal originating from the water – guest meniscus and advancing on the guest side along glass, fed by a thick water layer sandwiched between glass and this crystal. A new procedure is proposed to determine gas hydrate dissociation conditions in a large temperature and pressure range, including the metastable extension of the three-phase (liquid water – hydrate - guest) down to temperatures well below 0 °C. Finally, the mechanisms by which CO2 and cyclopentane synergistically act to form the structure II hydrate are discussed
Maghsoodloobabakhani, Saheb. "Cristallisation à l'équilibre et hors équilibre d'hydrates mixtes de gaz : Mesures PVTx et modélisation thermodynamique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEM027.
In this work, in order to investigate the non-equilibrium behaviors of mixed clathrate hydrates, vapor-liquid-hydrate phase equilibria of mixed gas hydrates from CH4-C2H6-C3H8-nC4H10-CO2-N2 are studied. Two different experimental procedures are used: at quick and slow crystallization rates. The aim is to examine the effects of crystallization rate on the final state, either under usual dynamic (quick formation) or steady state conditions (slow formation). Unlike most of the literature data, providing temperature-pressure-vapor composition (PTy) results, this study also furnishes hydrate composition, volume, storage capacity, density, or hydration number and water conversion. At quick crystallization, hydrate volume increases from 2% to 69% according to the gas mixture. Moreover, storage capacity decreases with increasing rate of crystallization. In addition, a thermodynamic model, based on classical van der Waals and Platteuw method and Kihara potential, has been used. A new set of Kihara parameters for propane, based on slow crystallization, has been obtained successfully and compared to the literature.Besides, a review on guest composition in hydrates from experimental results is suggested, based on open literature. Then, the capability of thermodynamic modeling to simulate these rare data has been investigated. While simulation tools are interesting to predict phase equilibria for light molecules, they become less reliable when phase transition occurs in the system, or when heavier molecules are involved. In addition, the use of RAMAN spectroscopy has illustrated phase transition for CO2/C3H8 mixed hydrates under CO2 rich gas conditions.To conclude, the rate of crystallization significantly influences the process of mixed hydrates formation. The use of a thermodynamic flash shows that slow crystallization is necessary to satisfy the thermodynamic equilibrium, and thus increase storage capacity, and optimize hydrate processes
Bragaglia, Valeria. "Epitaxial Growth and Ultrafast Dynamics of GeSbTe Alloys and GeTe/Sb2Te3 Superlattices." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18406.
The growth by molecular beam epitaxy of Ge-Sb-Te (GST) alloys resulting in quasi-single-crystalline films with ordered configuration of intrinsic vacancies is demonstrated. It is shown how a structural characterization based on transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and density functional theory, allowed to unequivocally assess the vacancy ordering in GST samples, which was so far only predicted. The understanding of the ordering process enabled the realization of a fine tuning of the ordering degree itself, which is linked to composition and crystalline phase. A phase diagram with the different growth windows for GST is obtained. High degree of vacancy ordering in GST is also obtained through annealing and via femtosecond-pulsed laser crystallization of amorphous material deposited on a crystalline substrate, which acts as a template for the crystallization. This finding is remarkable as it demonstrates that it is possible to create a crystalline GST with ordered vacancies by using different fabrication procedures. Growth and structural characterization of GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices is also obtained. Their structure resembles that of ordered GST, with exception of the Sb and Ge layers stacking sequence. The possibility to tune the degree of vacancy ordering in GST has been combined with a study of its transport properties. Employing global characterization methods such as XRD, Raman and Far-Infrared spectroscopy, the phase and ordering degree of the GST was assessed, and unequivocally demonstrated that vacancy ordering in GST drives the metal-insulator transition (MIT). In particular, first it is shown that by comparing electrical measurements to XRD, the transition from insulating to metallic behavior is obtained as soon as vacancies start to order. This phenomenon occurs within the cubic phase, when GST evolves from disordered to ordered. In the second part of the chapter, a combination of Far-Infrared and Raman spectroscopy is employed to investigate vibrational modes and the carrier behavior in amorphous and crystalline phases, enabling to extract activation energies for the electron conduction for both cubic and trigonal GST phases. Most important, a MIT is clearly identified to occur at the onset of the transition between the disordered and the ordered cubic phase, consistently with the electrical study. Finally, pump/probe schemes based on optical-pump/X-ray absorption and Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy-probes have been employed to access ultrafast dynamics necessary for the understanding of switching mechanisms. The sensitivity of THz-probe to conductivity in both GST and GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices showed that the non-thermal nature of switching in superlattices is related to interface effects, and can be triggered by employing up to one order less laser fluences if compared to GST. Such result agrees with literature, in which a crystal to crystal switching of superlattice based memory cells is expected to be more efficient than GST melting, therefore enabling ultra-low energy consumption.
Goldsztejn, Gildas. "Processus de corrélations électroniques dans la photoionisation d'atomes et de molécules en couche profonde." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066221/document.
Synchrotron radiation in the tender x-ray energy range (2-13 keV) allows deep core-shell excitation/ionization of atoms and molecules. The electronic states populated have ultrashort lifetimes, in the order of one femtosecond. The atoms will then relax through emission of a photon or an electron. In this thesis, we used electron spectroscopy as a tool to study the different processes implied by the interaction between the matter and highly energetic radiation. In the first part, the lifetime of the excited electronic states is used as an intern clock allowing to measure nuclear dynamics in the sub-femtosecond timescale. The lifetime broadenings of the populated electronic states are large enough so that these states overlap, thus allowing their coherent excitation which may lead to interferences phenomena during the relaxation step. This is the subject of the second part of this work, in which we present a model that allows the extraction of these interference terms. In the last part, we show it is also possible to form multiply excited/ionized electronic states, and that our experimental setup allows to measure their lifetimes, and the disentanglement of the many contributions overlapping in the electron spectra. The Ariadne’s thread of this work is to try to apprehend the different electronic correlation processes following the excitation of the studied system by a highly energetic photon, such as how electrons share the incident excess energy or the angular momentum transferred by the incident photon
Kulsreshath, Mukesh Kumar. "Development and study of microdischarge arrays on silicon." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843656.
Books on the topic "Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy":
Mosley, Connor Devyn William. Enhanced Polarisation Control and Extreme Electric Fields: Advances in Terahertz Spectroscopy Applied to Anisotropic Materials and Magnetic Phase Transitions. Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.
Mosley, Connor Devyn William. Enhanced Polarisation Control and Extreme Electric Fields: Advances in Terahertz Spectroscopy Applied to Anisotropic Materials and Magnetic Phase Transitions. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
Book chapters on the topic "Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy":
Dragoman, Daniela. "Phase-Space Processing of Terahertz Radiation." In Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, 117–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29564-5_6.
Quema, Alex, Masahiro Goto, Masahiro Sakai, Gerardo Janairo, Riadh El Ouenzerfi, Hiroshi Takahashi, Shingo Ono, and Nobuhiko Sarukura. "Solid-state phase transition onset detection in estrogen-like chemical via terahertz transmission spectroscopy." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 732–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27213-5_223.
Ino, Y., R. Shimano, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, Erik M. Vartiainen, Yuri P. Svirko, and K. E. Peiponen. "Maximum Entropy Method for Misplacement Phase Error Correction in Terahertz Time-Domain Reflection Spectroscopy." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 735–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27213-5_224.
Conference papers on the topic "Terahertz Gaz phase spectroscopy":
Neumaier, Philipp F. X., Klaus Schmalz, Johannes Borngraber, and Heinz-Wilhelm Hubers. "Application of multivariate analysis to gas-phase spectroscopy at 245 GHz." In 2014 39th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2014.6956468.
Lu, Jian, Yaqing Zhang, Harold Y. Hwang, Benjamin K. Ofori-Okai, Sharly Fleischer, and Keith A. Nelson. "Two-dimensional Terahertz Photon Echo and Rotational Spectroscopy in the Gas Phase." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.2016.utu1a.6.
Neumaier, Philipp, Klaus Schmalz, Johannes Borngraber, Dietmar Kissinger, and Heinz-Wilhelm Hubers. "Terahertz gas-sensors: Gas-phase spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for medical and security applications." In 2015 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2015.7370673.
Mehta, Yash, Sam Razavian, Kevin Schwarm, R. M. Spearrin, and Aydin Babakhani. "Terahertz Gas-phase Spectroscopy of CO using a Silicon-based Picosecond Impulse Radiator." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2020.sm2f.7.
Blanchard, F., S. Mine, R. R. Sebastian, L. Guiramand, G. Gandubert, X. Ropagnol, and K. Murate. "Broadband terahertz parametric spectrometer." In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2023.jth1a.1.
Hagelschuer, T., M. Wienold, H. Richter, N. Rothbart, and H. W. Hubers. "High-Resolution terahertz gas-phase spectroscopy based on external optical feedback in a quantum cascade laser." In 2017 42nd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2017.8067144.
Yian, Liu, Huang Zhiyao, Ji Haifeng, and Li Haiqing. "Solids Volume Fraction Measurement of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow Based on Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Technique." In 2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference - I2MTC 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imtc.2008.4547402.
Weling, Aniruddha S., David H. Auston, and Tony F. Heinz. "Tunable photoconducting emitters and detectors of free space terahertz radiation." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.1.
Habka, Sana, Eric Gloaguen, Michel Mons, and Valerie Brenner. "GAZ PHASE IR AND UV SPECTROSCOPY OF NEUTRAL CONTACT ION PAIRS." In 71st International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2016.ti11.
Harrel, Shayne M., James M. Schleicher, Charles A. Schmuttenmaer, Eric Beaurepaire, and Jean-Yves Bigot. "Probing Condensed Phase Dynamics with THz Emission Spectroscopy." In Optical Terahertz Science and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otst.2005.tub1.