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Hlynsson, Baldvin Snær. "Are there benefits to the mistakes? : A comparison between recording jazz music in the studio and a live performance." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för jazz, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-4154.
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In this thesis, two different ways of music performing will be compared: • Music as recorded in a recording studio • Music performed on stage before an audience. My main focus was to compose music that was complex enough so that the band might face some problems when playing it live but rehearse it well enough to overcome those problems. I started by making “produced” versions of the songs in Ableton, where I recorded every single part with sampled instruments. These versions had the finished arrangements and sounded pretty close to what I wanted to achieve with the band. Then I wrote the sheet music carefully and sent it, along with the recordings, to the band. I made a rehearsing schedule and booked rooms well in advance to minimize the risk of problems later on. I also booked a studio to record the music after the rehearsals and before the concert. In the studio, we first recorded the jazz band and later recorded the string quartet as an overdub. After I had mixed those two recordings together, I listened very carefully to everything that could be improved. Some musicians wanted to overdub their solos afterwards and I overdubbed some solos myself as well. When listening back and going through all the details the days before the concert, I found out what could be improved and made a list of possible improvements for the dress rehearsal. I ended up being more satisfied with the studio recording though than the concert, sound and performance-wise. I had much more control over the sound, which made the end result better to my ears than the concert. Of course, the concert had its pros as well. The concert went very well according to plan thanks to good planning in advance as well as well written-out arrangements and problem-free parts. One of the research questions was if mistakes could possibly benefit the music at the concert.I think mistakes don’t necessarily benefit the music, but the live scenario might sometimes be more exciting since nothing is edited and the players have to find their way back home if they go out of the road. However, the profoundness of a well recorded recording can be very pleasing to listen to as well so both have their strengths and weaknesses. Those two recordings, the one from the studio and the one from the concert are obviously different and in this thesis, the difference between the two will be investigated furthermore.Locomotive - Baldvin Hlynsson
Lost in Translation - Baldvin Hlynsson
Lost but not Least - Baldvin Hlynsson
Milders Mailbox - Baldvin Hlynsson
Psalm - Baldvin Hlynsson
A lullaby for the possessed - Baldvin Hlynsson
Encore: Thank you Maestro - Baldvin Hlynsson
Jazz group:
Tumi Torfason – trumpet
Björgvin Ragnar Hjálmarsson - tenor saxophone
Bjarni Már Ingólfsson - jazz guitar
Baldvin Hlynsson (myself) – piano and synthezisers
Olle Adell - electric bass
Sammy Hsia – drums
Classical group:Sara-Felicia Nyman Stjärnskog – violin I
Emma Alriksson – violin II
Ragnhild Kvist – viola
Hillevi Rasmusson Klingberg - cello
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Homan, Michael M. "To your tents, O Israel! : the terminology, function, form, and symbolism of tents in the Hebrew Bible and the ancient Near East /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9975878.
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Giesa, Aaron. "SATOR / AREPO / TENET / OPERA / ROTAS." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3035.
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This collection represents work produced between September of 2014 and April of 2016. These are poems about structure. Or about difference. Or about love. Or they are an attempt to decipher what it can feel like in 2016, in the lonelinesses and in the solidarities that emerge in the apparent collapse of utopian possibility, in the efforts at its reconstruction, and in the search for the next rupture.
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Sirost, Olivier. "La tente noire : sociologie du camping." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H068.
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Le camping est caractérisé par les enquêtes sociologiques comme une pratique anonyme de vacanciers. Le campeur est un touriste comme les autres, avec la précarité en plus pour les cliches qui le décrivent. Pourtant ce stéréotype de la précarité est double il met l'accent sur un fait essentiel : le campeur vit au présent et tire le miel de son existence de cet aspect précaire. Il met alors en œuvre une socialité de l'ombre étant en présentation, cherchant le frôlement et le contact de l'autre. Cette connaissance perdue cultive l'archétype du sauvage et permet de revisiter les savoirs sociologiques et ethnographiques. Il semble que le camping se soit formé par une double connaissance érotique et indiciaire, fondatrice des socialités de l'air. Cette socialité s'élabore à partir d'une véritable effraction oculaire : corps dénudés, mœurs relâchées et vie en promiscuité. Dans cette société à l'envers ou le temps est dilate et l'espace horizontal une intensité molle rythme les existences. Elle est le produit d'un mythe. Le vieux campeur. Le vieux campeur c'est celui qui détient l'expérience, qui maitrise le point d'où l'on s'évade, qui détient la lecture indiciaire des milieux. Ses récits ont fait l'apanage du camping. Aujourd'hui cette histoire de vie se diffracte au quotidien par les guides d'accès aux lieux, les images de la presse magazine et l'objet manufacture quotidien. Le mythe, véritable énigme initiatique pour le campeur débutant est devenu une connaissance ordinaire. Pourtant cet ordinaire continue à faire lien et est le témoin d'une vitalité surprenante. L'ombre de la tente noire antique, qui était intégrée à la cite grecque, plane alors sur nous le camping par ses dimensions ludiques, esthétiques, hédonistes, nomades et tribales préfigure par bien des aspects la postmodernité.
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Belisle, Alaina. "Almost Tender." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555613104685531.
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Short, Anna. "Tender Alchemy." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1555718320899574.
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Huang, Yi. "Théorie des opérateurs sur les espaces de tentes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS100/document.
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Nous donnons un mécanisme de type Calderón-Zygmund concernant la théorie de l’extrapolationpour des opérateurs d’intégrale singulière sur les espaces de tentes. Pour des opérateursde régularité maximale sur les espaces de tentes, nous donnons des résultats optimaux enexploitant la structure des opérateurs intégraux de convolution et en utilisant des estimationsde la décroissance hors-diagonale du semi-groupe ou de la famille résolvante sous-jacente.Nous appliquons des techniques précédentes d’analyse harmonique et fonctionnelle pourestimer sur les espaces de tentes certains opérateurs d’intégrale évolutionnelle, nées de l’étudedes problèmes aux limites elliptiques et des systèmes non-autonomes du premier ordreWe give a Calderón-Zygmund type machinery concerning the extrapolation theory for thesingular integral operators on tent spaces. For maximal regularity operators on tent space, wegive some optimal results by exploiting the structure of convolution integral operators and byusing the off-diagonal decay estimates of the underlying semigroup or resolvent family.We apply the previous harmonic and functional analysis techniques to estimate on tentspaces certain evolutionary integral operators arisen from the study of boundary value ellipticproblems and first order non-autonomous systems
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Van, Langenberg Carolyn. "With tender contempt /." View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20051122.103129/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2000."A thesis submitted to fulfil the requirements for the award of the degree Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Western Sydney, Nepean" Bibliography : leaves 327-348.
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Milvet, Karly R. "Green, Green, & Tender." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1461168477.
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Amenta, Alexander. "Extension de la théorie des espaces de tentes et applications à certains problèmes aux limites." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS067/document.
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Nous étendons la théorie des espaces de tentes, définis classiquement sur R^n, à différents espaces métriques. Pour les espaces doublant nous montrons que la théorie usuelle «globale» reste valide, et pour les espaces «non-uniformément localement doublant» (y compris R^n avec la mesure gaussienne) nous établissons une théorie locale satisfaisante. Dans le contexte doublant nous prouvons des résultats de plongement du type Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev pour des espaces de tentes a poids, et dans le cas particulier des espaces métriques non-bornes AD-réguliers nous identifions les espaces d’interpolation réelle (les «espaces-Z») des espaces de tentes a poids. Les espaces de tentes a poids et les espaces-Z sur R^n sont ensuite utilises pour construire les espaces de Hardy–Sobolev et de Besov adaptes a des opérateurs de Dirac perturbes. Ces espaces jouent un rôle clé dans la classification des solutions de systèmes du premier ordre de type Cauchy–Riemann (ou de manière équivalente, la classification des gradients conormaux des solutions de systèmes elliptiques de second ordre) dans les espaces de tentes à poids et les espaces-Z. Nous établissons cette classification, et en corollaire nous obtenons une classification utile des cas ou les problèmes de Neumann et de Régularité; sont bien poses, pour des systèmes elliptiques de second ordre avec coefficients complexes et données dans les espaces de Hardy–Sobolev et de Besov d’ordre s en (-1,0)We extend the theory of tent spaces from Euclidean spaces to various types of metric measure spaces. For doubling spaces we show that the usual `global' theory remains valid, and for `non-uniformly locally doubling' spaces (including R^n with the Gaussian measure) we establish a satisfactory local theory. In the doubling context we show that Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev-type embeddings hold in the scale of weighted tent spaces, and in the special case of unbounded AD-regular metric measure spaces we identify the real interpolants (the `Z-spaces') of weighted tent spaces.Weighted tent spaces and Z-spaces on R^n are used to construct Hardy–Sobolev and Besov spaces adapted to perturbed Dirac operators. These spaces play a key role in the classification of solutions to first-order Cauchy–Riemann systems (or equivalently, the classification of conormal gradients of solutions to second-order elliptic systems) within weighted tent spaces and Z-spaces. We establish this classification, and as a corollary we obtain a useful characterisation of well-posedness of Regularity and Neumann problems for second-order complex-coefficient elliptic systems with boundary data in Hardy--Sobolev and Besov spaces of order s in (-1,0)
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Petronienė, Saulė. "The Meaning of Lithuanian Past Tenses and their Equivalents in English." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090526_111025-59099.
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The meanings of Lithuanian past simple tenses and their equivalents in English is the object of the thesis. Other forms expressing past, i.e. compound forms, participles used instead of indicative mood in the narrative speech as well as predicative indeclinable forms of past passive participles are the subject matter in the thesis. There are two simple past tenses in Lithuanian: the past simple and the past frequentative tense. Both tenses are used to express an action which happened before the moment of speech; however, the relation to the moment of speech is different: the past simple tense is used to express a very close action to the reference time (whether it is present or other past action). Thus, the past simple tense has the perfective and plusquamperfective meaning. Whereas, the past frequentative tense does not possess those meanings; it is used to express a repetitive action of a more distant past. Moreover, the relationship of analytic forms to the simple ones is determined in the study. The problem of modus relativus and the meaning of predicative participles of passive voice are covered in the thesis as well. Analytical nature of English tenses enables to perceive and evaluate the meanings and functions of Lithuanian tenses more accurately. The search for the equivalents of Lithuanian tenses in English allows determining more precise meanings of Lithuanian past tenses, particularly the grammaticalization of analytic constructions, the relationships of... [to full text]Disertacijoje analizuojami ne tik vientisinių būtųjų lietuvių kalbos laikų reikšmės ir jų atitikmenys anglų kalboje, bet ir praeities raiškos formos, įtraukiant ir vadinamąsias sudurtines arba sudėtines laikų formas, dalyvius, vartojamus vietoj tiesioginės nuosakos atpasakojamojoje kalboje, ir predikatines nelinksniuojamas neveikiamosios rūšies būtojo laiko dalyvių formas. Lietuvių kalboje yra du vientisiniai laikai: būtasis kartinis ir būtasis dažninis. Abiems šiems laikams bendra tai, kad jie reiškia veiksmą, vykusį prieš kalbamąjį momentą, o skiria juos pagrindinė santykio su kalbamuoju momentu reikšmė: būtasis kartinis laikas gali reikšti labai artimą veiksmą atskaitos momentui: ar tai būtų dabartis, ar kitas praeities veiksmas. Taigi būtasis kartinis laikas turi ir perfekto, ir pliuskvamperfekto reikšmes. Šių reikšmių neturi būtasis dažninis laikas. Jis reiškia tolesnės praeities kartojamą veiksmą, kurio atžvilgiu jis sudaro opoziciją būtajam kartiniam laikui. Darbe taip pat nagrinėjamos analitinės formos, nustatomas jų santykis su vientisinėmis: ar jos sudaro vientisinėms opozicijas, ar yra sinoniminės, ar visos santykiauja vienodai. Taip pat tiriama vadinamoji netiesioginė nuosaka (modus relativus) ir neveikiamosios rūšies formą turinčių predikatinių dalyvių reikšmė. Analitinis anglų kalbos laikų pobūdis geriau padeda suprasti ir įvertinti lietuvių kalbos laikų reikšmes ir funkcijas. Ieškojimas lietuvių kalbos laikų formoms atitikmenų anglų kalboje padeda geriau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Hörlin, Madelene. "Tenant Representation : Den nordiska marknaden." Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48233.
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Tenant representation blir ett allt mer välkänt begrepp på den nordiska marknaden och fler använder sig av tjänsten. Under de senaste åren har affärsområdet och tjänsterna utvecklats och blivit bättre i de nordiska länderna. Detta examensarbete undersöker marknaden för tenant representation i just Stockholm, Oslo och i Helsingfors. Arbetet omfattar en kartläggning av vilka aktörer och tjänster som erbjuds på respektive marknad samt vilka aktörer som är verksamma. Intervjuer utgör större delen av källmaterialet där aktörer som är verksamma i Stockholm, Oslo och Helsingfors har intervjuats. Detta har resulterat i en del intressanta slutsatser. Marknaderna i Stockholm, Oslo och Helsingfors har mognat i olika takt. Stockholm ligger längst fram i utvecklingen, vilket beror på att branschen har funnits på marknaden lite längre än i de andra länderna. Oslo har också kommit långt i utvecklingen medan Helsingfors ligger några steg bakom de andra nordiska städerna. Detta beror till stor del på att branschen är relativt ny och att det är få som känner till begreppet. En tydlig trend är att efterfrågan på tjänsten blir allt större, vilket har gjort att även tjänsteutbudet har utvecklats i takt med efterfrågan. Den största trenden i de nordiska länderna är att utveckla tjänsteutbudet till att bli mer heltäckande. På så sätt kan TR företaget binda kunden till sig under en längre tid jämfört med om de endast skulle finnas med under själva TR processen. Det finns ju en naturlig paus under hyresperioden där kunden inte har någon nytta av en TR konsult. Det är detta mellanrum som aktörerna nu försöker täcka. onkurrensen ökar i takt med att fler aktörer tar sig in på marknaden och det blir allt viktigare att kunna erbjuda kunderna vad de vill ha och känna marknaden väl. Ett gemensamt problem är dåliga uppföljningar av tidigare kunder. Dåliga kontakter med dessa kan leda till att TR företaget förlorar sina tidigare kunder, och med den konkurrensen som råder idag har ingen aktör råd med detta. Det finns mycket att lära av USA och England som är marknadsledande inom branschen. Bland annat finns det hjälpmedel som databaser över alla vakanta lokaler som skulle vara till stor nytta även i de nordiska länderna. På så sätt skulle sökprocessen inte bli lika tidskrävande som den är idag. Trots att konsulterna har blivit mer kunniga allteftersom branschen har utvecklats finns det fortfarande områden att jobba på.
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Malmestål, David. "Tenant Representation : Stockholms kommersiella marknad." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96624.
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Tenant representation är som bransch befinner sig i sin expansionsfas och har funnits på den svenska marknaden sedan tidigt 90-talet. Tjänsten tenant representation kommer ifrån den engelska och amerikanska marknaden och således ligger dessa marknader i framkant. Arbetet behandlar utbudet, utvecklingen och framtidsutsikterna på Stockholms tenant represantationmarknad. Arbetet stödjer sig till stor del på intervjuer av representanter från aktörer på Stockholms tenant representationmarknad. Arbetet hämtar även inspiration från tidigare arbeten och till viss del litteratur. Olika trender på marknaden som märks av är att medvetenheten och efterfrågan på tenant representation ökar samt att rekryteringsmöjligheterna har ökat. Svaren i intervjuerna har inte visat orsaken till de ökade rekryteringsmöjligheterna, men ett antagande är att utbildningar har anpassat sig till marknadernas behov. Tjänsterna inom tenant representation utvecklas även i en sådan riktning att TR företaget binder sig under kunden under en längre tid. Detta samtidigt som företagen har olika överlämningspunkter så att kunden inte upplever samarbetet som onödigt. De intervjuade företagen har en tydlig bild av sina konkurrenter och upplever att marknaden räcker för alla. Konkurrens efterfrågas då det skulle underlätta spridningen av TR tjänsterna och förbättra kvaliteten på dessa. Aktörerna på marknaden verkar även ha blivit bättre på att följa upp sina kundkontakter. Detta kan ha en positiv påverkan på förtroendet för TR marknadens aktörer.
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Pickett, Josiah D. "Pacific fleet submarine tender optimization." Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/34722.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedIn this thesis, we develop a mixed-integer, linear optimization model to guide the resourcing of submarine maintenance conducted by the U.S. Navys two submarine tenders in the Fifth and Seventh Fleets. We assume maintenance demands are known over a given planning horizon, e.g., one month. Inputs to the model include travel times and costs for fly-away teams and tenders to move to where the maintenance is needed. Each maintenance demand can be divided into tasks with characteristics such as: whether or not tender presence is required; the estimated total number of worker-days required; the maximum number of workers that can simultaneously work on each task; the types of maintenance workers that can perform the task; and task due dates. The models output determines the assignment of personnel to meet the demand at minimum cost, including delay penalties. It also guides personnel travel (as a fly-away team or by tender). In addition, the model can be used to accommodate emergent, unscheduled demands by producing an updated schedule that minimizes the impact on an existing schedule. We test our model on small and realistically sized notional examples to demonstrate the input and output of the models, as well as computational run-times.
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Santiago, João Diogo Pratas Branco. "EIOPA’s digital services tender offer." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19276.
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Mestrado em FinançasNesta situação fictícia analisámos um procedimento de procurement a nível europeu na indústria de serviços digitais desenvolvido pela Autoridade Europeia de Seguros e Pensões (EIOPA) com o intuito de criar um Repositório Central (RC) para o reporting das empresas de fundos de pensões como primeiro passo a dar para a implementação do Produto Individual de Reforma Pan-Europeu (PEPP). Desde o processo de seleção do fornecedor mais adequado, os desafios que decorrem desta parceria empresarial são analisados através do âmbito da teoria da agência. Adicionalmente, identificámos comportamentos de risco que explicam as diferentes reacções ao risco nesta relação bilateral e propomos abordagens de gestão de risco para mitigar tais comportamentos. Além disso, observámos que os cenários político e financeiro que envolvem a EIOPA (revisão da Comissão Europeia ao mandato da EIOPA e a forte probabilidade de um Brexit próximo) explicam o nível de dependência nos procedimentos de procurement públicos para serviços digitais, e que a existência de possíveis falhas na Directiva de procurement público 2014/24/EU em relação aos artigos 67 e 72 podem constituir em potenciais situações de risco moral.
In this fictional situation we analyzed a European public procurement procedure in the digital services industry developed by the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) for the creation of a Central Repository (CR) for pension funds undertakings reporting as a first step for the Pan-European Personal Pension Product (PEPP) implementation. Since the selection process of the most suitable supplier, the challenges that arise from this business partnership are analyzed through the Agency theory scope. Additionally, we identified risk behaviors that explain the different reactions towards risk in this bilateral relationship, and proposed risk management approaches to mitigate such risk behaviors. Moreover, we observed that EIOPA's political and financial background (EC revision of EIOPA's mandate and the hypothesis of a near Brexit) explain the level of dependency on public procurement procedures for digital services, and the existence of possible breaches on public procurement Directive 2014/24/EU regarding Articles 67 and 72 may allow potential moral hazard situations.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Eljas, Kalle, and Dan Johansson. "En jämförelse av molnbaserade realtidsanalystjänster : Skillnader i användbarhet mellan multi-tenant och single-tenant arkitekturer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-18697.
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Internet of Things är ett samlingsbegrepp för den utveckling som innebär att olika typer av enheter kan förses med sensorer och datachip som är uppkopplade mot internet. En ökad mängd data innebär en ökad förfrågan på lösningar som kan lagra, spåra, analysera och bearbeta data. Ett sätt att möta denna förfrågan är att använda sig av molnbaserade realtidsanalystjänster. Multi-tenant och single-tenant är två typer av arkitekturer för molnbaserade realtidsanalystjänster som kan användas för att lösa problemen med hanteringen av de ökade datamängderna. Dessa arkitekturer skiljer sig åt när det gäller komplexitet i utvecklingen. I detta arbete representerar Azure Stream Analytics en multi-tenant arkitektur och HDInsight/Storm representerar en single-tenant arkitektur. För att kunna göra en jämförelse av molnbaserade realtidsanalystjänster med olika arkitekturer, har vi valt att använda oss av användbarhetskriterierna: effektivitet, ändamålsenlighet och användarnöjdhet. Vi kom fram till att vi ville ha svar på följande frågor relaterade till ovannämnda tre användbarhetskriterier: • Vilka likheter och skillnader kan vi se i utvecklingstider? • Kan vi identifiera skillnader i funktionalitet? • Hur upplever utvecklare de olika analystjänsterna? Vi har använt en design and creation strategi för att utveckla två Proof of Concept prototyper och samlat in data genom att använda flera datainsamlingsmetoder. Proof of Concept prototyperna inkluderade två artefakter, en för Azure Stream Analytics och en för HDInsight/Storm. Vi utvärderade dessa genom att utföra fem olika scenarier som var för sig hade 2-5 delmål. Vi simulerade strömmande data genom att låta en applikation kontinuerligt slumpa fram data som vi analyserade med hjälp av de två realtidsanalystjänsterna. Vi har använt oss av observationer för att dokumentera hur vi arbetade med utvecklingen av analystjänsterna samt för att mäta utvecklingstider och identifiera skillnader i funktionalitet. Vi har även använt oss av frågeformulär för att ta reda på vad användare tyckte om analystjänsterna. Vi kom fram till att Azure Stream Analytics initialt var mer användbart än HDInsight/Storm men att skillnaderna minskade efter hand. Azure Stream Analytics var lättare att arbeta med vid simplare analyser medan HDInsight/Storm hade ett bredare val av funktionalitet.Internet of Things is a collective term for a development which means that different types of units can be equipped with sensors and computer chips that are connected to the internet. An increased amount of data results in an increased demand for solutions that can store, track, analyze and process data. One way to solve this is to use cloud-based real-time analytics. Multi-tenant and single-tenant are two types of architectures for cloud-based real-time analytics services, which can be used to solve the problems that come with handling the increased data volumes. These architectures differ in terms of complexity of the development. In this report Azure Stream Analytics represents multi-tenant architecture while HDInsight/ Storm represent single-tenant architecture. In order to compare these different architectures, we have evaluated them by making use of three usability criteria: effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction. Based on these criteria, we wanted answers to the following questions: • What similarities and differences can we see in development times? • Can we identify differences in functionality? • What do developers think about the various analysis services? We have used a design and creation strategy to develop two artifacts. Then we collected data from the development using multiple data collection methods. We used observations to document how we worked with the development of the analytical services, and to measure development times and identify differences in functionality. We have also used questionnaires to find out what users thought of the real-time analysis services. The Proof of Concept prototypes consisted of two artifacts, one for Azure Stream Analytics and one for HDInsight/Storm. We evaluated them by performing five different scenarios, each of them had 2-5 different tasks. We simulated a data stream by creating an application that continuously generated random data that we analyzed with the two real-time analysis services. We came to the conclusion that Azure Stream analytics was initially more useful than HDInsight/Storm but the differences decreased gradually. Azure Stream Analytics was easier to work with during the simpler analyzes but HDInsight/Storm had a wider choice of functionality.
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Starikova, Anastasia. "OPTIMAL OFFICE FOR TENANT: DESIGN PERSPECTIVES." Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-89792.
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At present the office real estate market in Sweden faces new challenges since the economic and real estate crisis of 2008-2010 years. Since the time of economic and real estate crisis of 2008-2010 years, the office real estate market has started to face new challenges. For example, office vacancy rates have increased significantly and challenges how to find the tenant for office premises became very actual. At the same time the demand for high quality office premises still exists on the market but with new requirements to the standards of the office working space. It is happening because the employees’ needs and requirements become more oriented to the comfort and safety of the working place. The employers try to keep and motivate employees by providing the most efficient and comfortable office space to work in and balance on cost-quality issues at the same time. In order to influence on demand from tenants’ and empower tenant search process the landlords have to use new, more competitive methods. The external design of the building and internal design of the office space in particular become more and more significant in leasing, sub-leasing and buying premises property purchase at the real estate office market. It is also useful and important because tenants can change the interior and design project upon their business needs and company’s strategies. The aim of this research paper is to set up the hypothesis that the office’s space design has a significant influence on tenant search process, plays the key role in so-called optimal office for tenant and tests above mentioned hypothesis by the empirical research study (method of questionnaire) among real “market players”-tenant representatives, consulting agencies and property owners. The location for the research and analysis activities is selected as Stockholm and Stockholm’s region, time frame is September - October 2010.
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León, Gutiérrez Xavier. "Economic regulation for multi tenant infrastructures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129411.
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Large scale computing infrastructures need scalable and effi cient resource allocation mechanisms to ful l the requirements of its participants and applications while the whole system is regulated to work e ciently. Computational markets provide e fficient allocation mechanisms that aggregate information from multiple sources in large, dynamic and complex systems where there is not a single source with complete information. They have been proven to be successful in matching resource demand and resource supply in the presence of sel sh multi-objective and utility-optimizing users and sel sh pro t-optimizing providers. However, global infrastructure metrics which may not directly affect participants of the computational market still need to be addressed -a.k.a. economic externalities like load balancing or energy-efficiency.
In this thesis, we point out the need to address these economic externalities, and we design and evaluate appropriate regulation mechanisms from di erent perspectives on top of existing economic models, to incorporate a wider range of objective metrics not considered otherwise. Our main contributions in this thesis are threefold; fi rst, we propose a taxation mechanism that addresses the resource congestion problem e ffectively improving the balance of load among resources when correlated economic preferences are present; second,
we propose a game theoretic model with complete information to derive an algorithm to aid resource providers to scale up and down resource supply so energy-related costs can be reduced; and third, we relax our previous assumptions about complete information on the resource provider side and design an incentive-compatible mechanism to encourage users to truthfully report their resource requirements effectively assisting providers to make energy-eff cient allocations while providing a dynamic allocation mechanism to users.Les infraestructures computacionals de gran escala necessiten mecanismes d’assignació de recursos escalables i eficients per complir amb els requisits computacionals de tots els seus participants, assegurant-se de que el sistema és regulat apropiadament per a que funcioni de manera efectiva. Els mercats computacionals són mecanismes d’assignació de recursos eficients que incorporen informació de diferents fonts considerant sistemes de gran escala, complexos i dinàmics on no existeix una única font que proveeixi informació completa de l'estat del sistema. Aquests mercats computacionals han demostrat ser exitosos per acomodar la demanda de recursos computacionals amb la seva oferta quan els seus participants son considerats estratègics des del punt de vist de teoria de jocs. Tot i això existeixen mètriques a nivell global sobre la infraestructura que no tenen per que influenciar els usuaris a priori de manera directa. Així doncs, aquestes externalitats econòmiques com poden ser el balanceig de càrrega o la eficiència energètica, conformen una línia d’investigació que cal explorar. En aquesta tesi, presentem i descrivim la problemàtica derivada d'aquestes externalitats econòmiques. Un cop establert el marc d’actuació, dissenyem i avaluem mecanismes de regulació apropiats basats en models econòmics existents per resoldre aquesta problemàtica des de diferents punts de vista per incorporar un ventall més ampli de mètriques objectiu que no havien estat considerades fins al moment. Les nostres contribucions principals tenen tres vessants: en primer lloc, proposem un mecanisme de regulació de tipus impositiu que tracta de mitigar l’aparició de recursos sobre-explotats que, efectivament, millora el balanceig de la càrrega de treball entre els recursos disponibles; en segon lloc, proposem un model teòric basat en teoria de jocs amb informació o completa que permet derivar un algorisme que facilita la tasca dels proveïdors de recursos per modi car a l'alça o a la baixa l'oferta de recursos per tal de reduir els costos relacionats amb el consum energètic; i en tercer lloc, relaxem la nostra assumpció prèvia sobre l’existència d’informació complerta per part del proveïdor de recursos i dissenyem un mecanisme basat en incentius per fomentar que els usuaris facin pública de manera verídica i explícita els seus requeriments computacionals, ajudant d'aquesta manera als proveïdors de recursos a fer assignacions eficients des del punt de vista energètic a la vegada que oferim un mecanisme l’assignació de recursos dinàmica als usuaris
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Sheline, Kensey R. "A program evaluation of Tender Hearts." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=577.
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Stephenson, Craig Allen. "Essays on repurchases and tender offers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186799.
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This thesis examines stock repurchases. Chapter 1 begins the study by discussing and testing several possible motivations for stock buy backs, including firm undervaluation, changes in firm capital structure, expropriation from debtholders, distribution of free cash flow, and signalling informed insiders' asymmetric information to the market. Empirical tests of these hypothesized motivations are consistent with undervaluation and signalling reductions in firm risk, but inconsistent with the capital structure, expropriation, and free cash flow hypotheses. The remainder of the thesis focuses on the determinants of repurchase premiums. Chapter 2 begins with a discussion of the mechanics of share repurchase, before developing two competing hypotheses regarding repurchase premiums. The first is the liquidity hypothesis, which posits that supply curves for shares are perfectly elastic, and repurchase premiums are a function of the substitutability and liquidity of the stock. The heterogeneity hypothesis, in contrast, holds that supply curves for shares are upward-sloping, and repurchase premiums are a function of any factor that affects either the slope of the supply curve or the demand for shares along the supply curve. Chapter 2 concludes by developing a formal model of repurchase premiums, for use in empirical tests of the alternative hypotheses, which are conducted in Chapter 3. Results of these tests are inconsistent with the liquidity hypothesis, as repurchase premiums are not found to be a function of substitutability or liquidity. Repurchase premiums, however, are consistent with the heterogeneity hypothesis, as they are found to be a significant function of the variability of stockholder consensus about the stock, and the variability of the capital gains tax lock-in effect between shareholders.
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Hall, Linda. "The -be relative tenses of Zulu." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11032008-083302/.
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Asser, Rebecca 1978. "The determinants of office tenant renewal." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26714.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 53).
This study empirically examines the historical probability of renewal for nearly three-hundred properties across forty-one Metropolitan Statistical Areas throughout the United States. It then investigates the factors that affect the office tenant renewal decision using linear and probit regression models.Through statistical analysis, several factors emerge as influential in the renewal decision, including the size of the occupied space, the level of employment in the market, as well as location. Logical building characteristics such as the age of the space and the size of the building did not appear to have as large of an impact on renewal probability. For the more than 15,000 individual leases in this study, the overall renewal probability was lower than expected. However, the regression analysis has revealed some explanation of the difference between the actual results and the industry accepted renewal probability rate of 75%.
by Rebecca Asser.
S.M.
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Mioto, Regina Celia Tamaso. "Familias de jovens que tentam suicidio." [s.n.], 1994. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311858.
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Orientador: Roosevelt Moises Smeke CassorlaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T08:32:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mioto_ReginaCeliaTamaso_D.pdf: 5672778 bytes, checksum: 2b4155e80ab4a3bb47064eadea62d52f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994
Resumo: A tentativa de suicídio pode ser considerada o ponto culminante de um processo no qual está envolvida uma multiplicidade de fatores tanto de ordem individual como de ordem sócio-cultural. Esta tese dedica-se ao estudo das famílias de jovens com tentativa de suicídio. É um estudo de natureza qualitativa que se desenvolve a partir do método clínico. Através da discussão do método e de sua articulação com a pesquisa, procura-se responder à pergunta central: Por que uma família, num dado momento de sua história, tem um jovem tentando suicídio? A resposta é construída por dois caminhos: o primeiro resgata a literatura sobre a tentativa de suicídio e os estudos sistêmicos e psicanalíticos sobre família, o segundo efetua a análise das entrevistas com famílias, considerando a história, a dinâmica e a estrutura familiar. Nesta perspectiva, a tentativa de suicídio é interpretada como uma das formas de expressão dos conflitos familiares. Acumulando-se ao longo de uma infância comprometida, estes conflitos se agravam no momento da adolescência familiar. O desejo de morte expresso na tentativa de suicídio é entendido como um sentimento que subjaz às relações familiares e que faz parte de sua estrutura inconsciente. Este desejo é atuado pelo jovem num momento marcado pelo desespero e desesperança, não só do próprio jovem mas também de sua família.
Abstract: Suicidal attempt can be considered the turning point of a process in which several factors interfere, be them personal as well as social and cultural ones. This piece of work is dedicated to the study of families whose youngsters have tried to commit suicide. It is based on a qualitative approach developed upon the clinical method. The discussion of the method and its unfolding in the research leads one to a central question: Why does a family, at a certain point in its history, have a young member trying to commit suicide? The answer is drawn from two different roads: the first one goes through the literature on suicide tendency, and systemic and psychoanalytic studies about the family; the second one involves the analysis of the interviews with families, taking into account their history, dynamic and structure. In such an approach, the suicidal attempt is interpreted as a means of expressing family conflicts. These conflicts, which increase over a strayed childhood, are worsened duringfamily adolescence. Death desire expressed through the suicide tendency is understood as a feeling underlying family relationships, part of its unconscious structure. Such desire is triggered by the youngster in a desperate and hopeless moment - not only his/hers but also his/her family's.
Doutorado
Doutor em Saude Mental
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Tenneti, Shivaram Venkata. "Channel assignment for throughput improvement in multi-radio wireless mesh networks." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/tenneti/TennetiS1207.pdf.
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Parijs, Sergei. "Fairness opinions and liability : a legal and economic analysis of fairness opinions in the United States and the Netherlands /." Deventer : Kluwer, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/514850620.pdf.
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Schliemann, Bernd F. "Analysis and modeling of the initiative tenet of current army operations doctrine." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25091.
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Zech, Silvana. "Coniuratio sese impia tenet (XXXIX,16,3) - Zur Darstellung von Verschworungen bei Livius." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1218554377.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: Peter van Minnen PhD (Committee Chair), Michael Sage PhD (Committee Co-Chair). Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Oct. 4, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: Livy; Livius; conspiracies; coniuratio; historiography; narratology. Includes bibliographical references.
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ZECH, SILVANA. "Coniuratio sese impia tenet (XXXIX,16,3) - Zur Darstellung von Verschwörungen bei Livius." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218554377.
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Jackson, Michele R. D. "Tender and repair ship load list forecasting." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA309850.
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Gartnell, Eloise, and Rebecca Wengemo. "Tenant mix and image in Stockholmneighborhood malls." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147370.
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Stockholms innerstad är tydligt uppdelad i sina olika stadsdelar. Stadsdelarna skiljer sig i många avseenden gällande befolkning, image och i den allmänna uppfattningen hos stockholmsbor. Dessa skillnader i stadsdelar i kombination med ett intresse för köpcentrum och hyresgästmix resulterade i en undran om köpcentrum belägna i olika stadsdelar ser olika ut avseende hyresgästmix och image. Inledningsvis gjordes en litteraturstudie för att få en inblick i ämnet hyresgästmix. I litteraturen fanns mycket information om hyresgästmix och image utanför Norden, främst I USA och Storbritannien. En kort fördjupning inom relevanta begrepp gjordes. En statistisk undersökning genomfördes för att ta reda på mixen av hyresgäster i de tre studieobjekten Fältöversten, Ringen Centrum och Västermalmsgallerian. Denna visade ett likriktat utbud av butiker och en stor del av dessa visade sig vara större kedjor. Något som förändrats i framförallt ett av studieobjekten under de senaste 10 åren. Intervjuer visade att skillnader bör finnas avseende hyresgästmixen i köpcentrum i olika stadsdelar. Det blev även tydligt att ett köpcentrums koncept och image är allt viktigare i den hårda konkurrensen köpcentrum emellan. Konsumentundersökning visade att flera av de tillfrågade i varje stadsdel hade många åsikter om sitt lokala köpcentrum. Några önskade större utbud av modebutiker och lite mer speciella butiker men det som var allra tydligast var saknaden av bra restauranger, såväl som för lunch och middag. De flesta av konsumenterna, oavsett stadsdel, tyckte överlag att köpcentrumen saknade karaktär och var opersonliga och såg därför gärna en förändring gällande detta. Slutsatsen som kan fattas av denna uppsats är att hyresgästmixen och image bör skilja sig åt mellan stadsdelarna, dock inte till så pass stor grad att basutbudet av butiker och service försvinner, utan att detta utbud kan kompletteras med butiker som passar in i stadsdelscentrumet. Däremot kan en stor förändring göras gällande köpcentrumens atmosfärer och totala image. Där bör fastighetsägarna verkligen dra nytta av varje stadsdels karaktär och skapa något speciellt för just den stadsdelen.Stockholm city center is clearly divided into its various neighborhoods. The districts differ in many aspects, like the current population, the image and in the general view of Stockholm inhabitants. These differences in Stockholm neighborhoods in combination with an interest of shopping malls and its tenant mix resulted in a curiosity of shopping centers located in different neighborhoods differ regarding tenant mix and image. Initially, a literature study was made to gain an insight into the subject tenant mix. When searching literature, most of the information of tenant mix and image was found outside of Scandinavia, mainly in the US and UK. A brief observation was made to clarify the different concepts regarding the subject. A survey was done to find out the differences in tenant mix in all units of the study. This showed a unidirectional array of shops and a large proportion of these were found to be major brands. Something has changed, especially in one of the objects of the study in the last ten years. Interviews showed that differences should exist regarding tenant mix in shopping centers in different neighborhoods. However, it became obviously clear that a shopping center’s concept and image are meaning more and more today. The consumer survey displayed that many of the respondents in each neighborhood had many opinions about their local shopping center. Some of them wanted greater range of fashion shops as well as a greater range of smaller independent shops but what was most evident was the lack of good restaurants, as for lunch and dinner. Most of the consumers, regardless of neighborhood, overall found that the shopping centers lacked character and was impersonal and did therefore like a change regarding this. The conclusion that can be taken by this paper is that the tenant mix should differ between the neighborhoods. Having sad that, it should not be to such a large degree that the basic infrastructure of shops and services disappear, but this range can be supplemented with stores that fit into the town center. However can a major change be done regarding the shopping centers atmospheres and overall image. This is where the property owners should take advantage of the neighborhood’s character and create something special for that particular neighborhood.
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Hancock, Lynn. "Tenant participation and the housing classes debate." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387295.
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Hård, Arthur. "The Past Tenses of Early Middle Japanese." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Japanska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29462.
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Early Middle Japanese is one of the oldest attested stages of Japanese. Its rich legacy consists of several literary works from the Heian era (7 th to 11 th centuries), some of which are still appreciated and widely read today. Despite a long tradition of research both within and outside Japan, quite a few details of the language remain incompletely understood. The present study addresses a long-standing question in the verbal domain of Early Middle Japanese, namely the semantics of the two so-called “past tenses” in -ki and -ker-. I tested the major hypotheses regarding their use by means of qualitative, corpus-based methods. Specifically, I trained a machine learning algorithm to predict which is likeliest of -ki and -ker- given a set of grammatical and semantic variables. Analysis of the results indicates that the suffixes likely embody a contrast between witnessed and non-witnessed past tense. It is also possible that mirativity—the grammaticalized expression of surprise at learning something unexpected—and aspect influence the choice of past tense suffix.
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Chang, Brendan (Brendan S. ). "Tenant-level network performance isolation in Flowtune." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112821.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46).
Performance isolation is a major concern for multi-tenant datacenters. Many service level agreements include a specification on the allotment of resources. For tenants, these resource guarantees are critical to the availability and efficiency of their services. While CPU, disk, and memory isolation are well-understood, network performance isolation is less straightforward. In this thesis, I investigate methods for enforcing bandwidth fairness guarantees for logical networks in a datacenter and implement network performance isolation in Flowtune. Flowtune is a datacenter network architecture which introduces a centralized arbiter to enforce congestion control at the flowlet level. Flowtune achieves rapid convergence to a desired allocation of network resources in addition to reducing tail latencies in various settings. However, Flowtune currently does not provide tenant-level network performance isolation.
by Brendan Chang.
M. Eng.
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Karhunen, Jussi. "Essays on tender offers and share repurchases /." Helsinki : Helsinki School of Economics, 2002. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00068879.pdf.
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Fernández, Ruiz Jorge. "The Administrative Contract and the Public Tender." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118986.
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To achieve its goals, the State requires the voluntary collaboration of individuals, which takes form of an administrative contract, whose award is often disrupted by administrative corruption. Public tendering stands out among the mechanisms to prevent and fight administrative corruption in the award of administrative contracts.Para alcanzar sus fines, el Estado requiere de la colaboración voluntaria de los particulares, lo cual se concreta mediante el contrato administrativo, cuya adjudicación suele verse trastocadas por el flagelo de la corrupción. Entre los mecanismos utilizables para evitar y combatir la corrupción administrativa en la adjudicación de los contratos administrativos, destaca la licitación pública.
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Chaignon, Paul. "Software Datapaths for Multi-Tenant Packet Processing." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0062/document.
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En environnement multi-tenant, les réseaux s'appuient sur un ensemble de ressources matérielles partagées pour permettre à des applications isolés de communiquer avec leurs clients. Cette isolation est garantie par un ensemble de mécanismes à la bordure des réseaux: les mêmes serveurs hébergeant les machines virtuelles doivent notamment déterminer le destinataire approprié pour chaque paquet réseau, copier ces derniers entre zones mémoires isolées et supporter les tunnels permettant l'isolation du trafic lors de son transit sur le coeur de réseau. Ces différentes tâches doivent être accomplies avec aussi peu de ressources matérielles que possible, ces dernières étant tout d'abord destinées aux machines virtuelles. Dans un contexte d'intensification de la demande en haute performance sur les réseaux, les acteurs de l'informatique en nuage ont souvent recours à des équipements matériels spécialisés mais inflexibles, leur permettant d'atteindre les performances requises. Néanmoins, dans cette thèse, nous défendons la possibilité d'améliorer les performances significativement sans avoir recours à de tels équipements. Nous prônons, d'une part, une consolidation des fonctions réseaux au niveau de la couche de virtualisation et, d'autre part, une relocalisation de certaines fonctions réseaux hors des machines virtuelles. À cette fin, nous proposons Oko, un commutateur logiciel extensible qui facilite la consolidation des fonctions réseaux dans la couche de virtualisation. Oko étend les mécanismes de l'état de l'art permettant une mise en cache des règles de commutateurs, ceci afin de permettre une exécution des fonctions réseaux sous forme d'extensions au commutateur. De plus, les extensions sont isolées du coeur du commutateur afin d'empêcher des fautes dans les extensions d'impacter le reste du réseau et de faciliter une mise en place rapide et sûre de nouvelles fonctions réseaux. En permettant aux fonctions réseaux de s'exécuter au sein du commutateur logiciel, sans redirections vers des processus distincts, Oko diminue de moitié le coût lié à l'exécution des fonctions réseaux en moyenne. Notre seconde contribution vise à permettre une exécution de certaines fonctions réseaux en amont des machines virtuelles, au sein de la couche de virtualisation. L'exécution de ces fonctions réseaux hors des machines virtuelles permet d'importants gains de performance, mais lèvent des problématiques d'isolation. Nous réutilisons et améliorons la technique utilisé dans Oko pour isoler les fonctions réseaux et l'étendons avec un mécanisme de partage équitable du temps CPU entre les différentes fonctions réseaux relocaliséesMulti-tenant networks enable applications from multiple, isolated tenants to communicate over a shared set of underlying hardware resources. The isolation provided by these networks is enforced at the edge: end hosts demultiplex packets to the appropriate virtual machine, copy data across memory isolation boundaries, and encapsulate packets in tunnels to isolate traffic over the datacenter's physical network. Over the last few years, the growing demand for high performance network interfaces has pressured cloud providers to build more efficient multi-tenant networks. While many turn to specialized, hard-to-upgrade hardware devices to achieve high performance, in this thesis, we argue that significant performance improvements are attainable in end-host multi-tenant networks, using commodity hardware. We advocate for a consolidation of network functions on the host and an offload of specific tenant network functions to the host. To that end, we design Oko, an extensible software switch that eases the consolidation of network functions. Oko includes an extended flow caching algorithm to support its runtime extension with limited overhead. Extensions are isolated from the software switch to prevent failures on the path of packets. By avoiding costly redirections to separate processes and virtual machines, Oko halves the running cost of network functions on average. We then design a framework to enable tenants to offload network functions to the host. Executing tenant network functions on the host promises large performance improvements, but raises evident isolation concerns. We extend the technique used in Oko to provide memory isolation and devise a mechanism to fairly share the CPU among offloaded network functions with limited interruptions
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Prisco, Theresa Rachel. "Aspectual tenses in native Spanish-speaking adults." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/578.
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Fourteen native Spanish-speaking adults participated in a study on tense and aspect in Spanish. Subjects viewed videos that depicted completed events or videos that ended with an ongoing event and chose a sentence in the past tense that best described the event. One condition included adverbial cues and the other condition did not. Subjects also read paragraphs describing bounded and unbounded events and chose a past tense verb that best fit the context. It was found that subjects consistently chose preterit responses for completed event videos in both the adverb and non-adverb condition, but responses varied more in the videos that ended with ongoing events. The majority of subjects selected preterit verbs for bounded events and imperfect verbs for unbounded events. Implications and further directions of research are discussed.
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De, Wet Dario. "Tencent Holdings Limited : an IPO case study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15538.
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The purpose of this case study is to empirically investigate the phenomenon of initial public offerings (IPOs) by applying it to Tencent Holdings Limited (Tencent). Tencent is a Chinese internet and telecommunications value-added service provider that launched its IPO on 16 June 2004. Tencent is China’s largest internet firm and Asia’s most valuable brand, boasting a current market capitalization of HK$1.224 trillion (US$157.9 billion). The origins of Tencent’s success story trace back to its IPO decision, an important topic in the field of finance. The aim of this study is to investigate the structure of Tencent’s IPO, its listing decision and determining an intrinsic value of its IPO shares on its listing date. It was found that Tencent’s IPO extensively relates to academic literature surrounding IPO under-pricing and valuing unlisted companies. The results reveal that Tencent left money on the table by underpricing its offer shares and exercised its over-allotment option as a form of price stabilization. It was further found that Tencent’s underpricing was not influenced by competitor IPOs but rather by stringent IPO allotment policies and other signals of firm quality. It was also discovered that there might have been bias in the allocation of Tencent’s shares. An investigation into Tencent’s listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx) revealed that while its competitors listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, there was a clear correlation between Tencent’s operations and corporate structure to the HKEx listing and regulatory requirements. The decisive factors included domiciling in the British Virgin Island and Cayman Islands, the cost of listing on the HKEx Main Board versus the NASDAQ National Market as well as the effects of US GAAP and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The study was concluded with the application of a relative valuation and discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation. The relative valuation estimated a price range of HK$14.40-HK$18.72 for Tencent’s IPO shares, while the DCF estimated the intrinsic value of the shares to be HK$18.68. The analysis was comprehensive and in-depth and suggests that Tencent’s IPO shares were five times undervalued and were offered to shareholders at a deep discount.
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Jönsson, Hanna, and Annie Svensson. "Skulle ett offentligt bostadsrättsregister underlätta för fastighetsmäklare? : Med fokus på rutinen för pantsättning och mäklares kontrollskyldighet." Thesis, KTH, Fastighetsföretagande och finansiella system, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296612.
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Denna uppsats syftar till att redogöra för om och varför ett offentligt bostadsrättsregister skulle underlätta för fastighetsmäklare i deras yrkesutövning samt föra en egen diskussion kring hur ett register bör uppföras, vad det ska innehålla och hur det kan finansieras. Den svenska regeringen har både 1996 och 2005 tillsatt utredningar för att undersöka om ett sådant register borde bli verklighet men utfallen har vid båda tillfällena avslagits, varpå en ny utredning påbörjades i december 2020 som ska presenteras senast i juli 2022. Det primära dilemmat som behöver förändras är att pantsättningsförfarandet för bostadsrätter ska göras mer rättssäkert. I dagsläget sköts pantsättningen genom underrättelse, denuntiation, mellan panthavare och bostadsrättsföreningen via otydliga och framför allt föråldrade regler. Bostadsrättsföreningarna bär ett överdådigt ansvar på sina axlar genom skyldigheten att upprätta och hålla den så kallade lägenhetsförteckningen uppdaterad. Styrelseledamöterna är ofta lekmän och har således inga utbildningskrav men kan vid misstag, från dem eller tidigare ledamöter, tvingas erlägga både skadestånd och böter. Det finns därför stora risker för rättsliga fel i bostadsrätter vilket därtill beror på svårigheter för bostadsrättsföreningen att avgöra om informationen de får ska noteras i lägenhetsförteckningen eller ej, dold pant, ej avnoterad pant samt felaktiga uppgifter i förteckningen. Problemen torde kunna lösas genom att införa ett digitalt offentligt bostadsrättsregister som uppförs och administreras av professionell aktör, förslagsvis en Bostadsrättsmyndighet som ligger under Lantmäteriets organisation. Registret ska tillgängliggöras för flera olika parter, däribland mäklare, bostadsrättsföreningar och ekonomiska förvaltare, bostadsrättshavare, panthavare och diverse myndigheter såsom finanspolisen och Kronofogden. I samband med att registret ska införas behöver information från nuvarande lägenhetsförteckning konverteras och framför allt korrigeras för att samtliga uppgifter ska stämma. När det väl är gjort kommer mäklaren enklare kunna fullgöra sin kontrollskyldighet när de på “ett klick” i sitt mäklarsystem kan begära ut aktuell data om bostadsrätten som ska förmedlas.The purpose of this essay is to examine if and why a public register over the tenant-owned apartments would make it easier for real estate brokers in their professional practice. In the analysis we will also bring to discussion a proposal regarding the construct, content and funding of the register. The Swedish government has appointed investigations in both 1996 and 2005 to analyse whether such a register should become a reality. However, the results have in both cases been negative, after which a new investigation was started in December 2020, that will be presented no later than July 2022. The primary dilemma that needs to change is that the procedure of pawnbroking for tenant-owned apartments must be more legally secure. At present, the pawnbroking is managed through an appraisal, from the pledgee, to the tenant-owner associations by vague and outdated rules. The responsibilities of the tenant-owner associations are overmuch by reasons of the obligations to establish and update an apartment register. Usually the board members are lay people and thus have no training requirements. Who can, in case of mistakes, be obligated to render both damages as well as fines. Therefore, there are great risks of legal errors for tenant-owned apartments, which is also due to the association to determine whether the information they receive should be noted in the register or not. Beyond that, there are also issues regarding pawnbroking that are hidden or not delisted and incorrect information in the register. The problems should be solved by introducing a digital public tenant-owned apartment register, established and administered by professional actors. As a suggestion, a tenant-owned apartment administrative authority, Bostadsrättsmyndigheten, that is in the same organisation as the land surveying, Lantmäteriet. This register shall be made available to several different parties, including real estate brokers, tenant-owner associations, financial managers, tennants, pledgees and various authorities such as the financial police department and the Swedish Enforcement Authority. In connection with the introduction of the public register, information from the current apartment register needs to be converted and above all corrected to ensure properness. These efforts will eventually simplify the real estate broker’s control obligation related to whether the apartment is afflicted with pledges or not. Since they immediately can request the latest data regarding the apartment that will be mediated.
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Hermansson, Micaela, and Martin Palm. "Vägledande faktorer vid investeringsbedömning för ett fastighetsbolag med verksamhet inom samhällsfastigheter : En fallstudie i samarbete med Ledstången Stockholm AB." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297655.
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Intresset för samhällsfastigheter har ökat avsevärt på senare år. Långa hyreskontrakt med offentligt finansierade hyresgäster gör att segmentet ses som en trygg investering med stabila kassaflöden. Svenska samhällsfastigheter AB delägs av Ledstången och är ett av bolagen som investerar i samhällsfastigheter. När bolaget står inför nya fastighetsförvärv genomgår potentiella objekt en process för beslutsfattande. Processen inkluderar analys av marknadsdata och ett antal investeringsparametrar för att bedöma om det är värt att genomföra affären. Syftet med denna studie är att komma fram till i vilken grad givna faktorer som drift- och underhållskostnader, kontrakterad hyra, belåningsgrad, inflation, exit yield samt marknadsvärde påverkar en portföljs IRR och cash-on-cash samt vilka andra faktorer utöver dessa som är vägledande vid investeringsbeslut. Detta gjordes genom att analysera tre olika fastighetsportföljer och tre enskilda fastigheter till salu på marknaden i april 2021 med hjälp av en kalkylmodell i Microsoft Excel där data för de portföljer och samhällsfastigheter som ingår i materialet matades in. Fastighetsportföljerna värderades utifrån kassaflödesmetoden och nyckeltalen IRR och cash-on-cash presenterades för de potentiella förvärven. Utöver detta analyserades mäklarprospekt för de olika marknadsobjekten för att belysa de faktorer som excelmodellen inte tar hänsyn till. Resultatet av fallstudien visar vilken av fastigheterna och portföljerna som redovisade starkast respektive svagast nyckeltal. Vidare genomfördes en känslighetsanalys med olika antaganden på drift- och underhållskostnader, marknadsvärde, kontrakterad hyra, exit yield, belåningsgrad och inflation för att belysa osäkerheten i en ekonomisk kalkyl och den påverkan detta har på nyckeltalen. Resultatet av känslighetsanalysen visar att en liten förändring av exit yield medför en mycket stor skillnad i marknadsvärdet och att bashyran var den mest kritiska parametern i sin påverkan på nyckeltalet IRR av de parametrar som ingick i känslighetsanalysen.The demand for public property in Sweden has increased significantly in recent years. It is considered a safe investment with long-term leases that generate a stable cash flow over time. Svenska samhällsfastigheter AB is co-owned by Ledstången and are one of the companies that invest in public properties. When the company is facing new acquisitions, potential objects undergo a certain process of investment analysis. This process includes analysis of market data as well as several investment parameters, to assess whether or not it is worth carrying out the transaction. This study aims to determine to what extent factors such as operating- and maintenance cost, contracted rent, loan-to-value ratio, inflation, exit yield and market value affect the IRR and cash-on-cash of a portfolio. Also to determine other factors that can be of guidance in investment decisions. This was done by analyzing three different real estate portfolios of interest to Ledstången by inputting relevant data for each portfolio in a Microsoft Excel calculation model as well as three other properties for sale on the market in April of 2021. The value of each portfolio and property was calculated based on the cash flow method, and the key figures IRR and cash-on-cash were presented for each of the new potential acquisitions. In addition to this, broker brochures were analyzed for the various objects to shed light on the factors that the model in excel could not take into account. The result of this case study showed which of the real estate portfolios and properties reported the strongest and weakest IRR, furthermore a sensitivity analysis was carried out with different assumptions on operating- and maintenance cost, market value, contracted rent, loan-to-value ratio, and inflation to shed light on the uncertainty of an economic calculation and the impact this has on its key figures. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that only a small change in exit yield entails a large difference in the market value and that the contracted base rent was the most critical parameter in its impact on the key figure of IRR out of all the parameters included in the sensitivity analysis.
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Caudle, James T. "Tenets for lean U.S. Army project management offices." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA315290.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1996.Thesis advisor(s): Orin E. Marvel, Michael W. Boudreau. "June 1996." Includes bibliographical reference (p.137-144). Also available online.
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Bsoul, Mohammad. "Economic scheduling in Grid computing using Tender models." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/3094.
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Economic scheduling needs to be considered for Grid computing environment, because it gives an incentive for resource providers to supply their resources. Moreover, it enforces efficient use of resources, because the users have to pay for their use. Tendering is a suitable model for Grid scheduling because users start the negotiations for finding suitable resources for executing their jobs. Furthermore, the users specify their job requirements with their requests and therefore the resources reply with bids that are based on the cost of taking on the job and the availability of their processors. In this thesis, a framework for economic Grid scheduling using tendering is proposed. The framework entities such as users, brokers and resources employ tender/contract-net model to negotiate the prices and deadlines. The brokers' role is acting on behalf of users. During the negotiations, the entities aim to maximise their performance which is measured by a number of metrics. In order to evaluate the entities' performance under different scenarios, a Java- based simulator, called MICOSim, supporting event-driven simulation of economic Grid scheduling is presented. MICOSim can perform a simulation of more than one hundred entities faster than real time. It is concluded from the evaluation that users who are interested in increasing the job success rate and paying less for executing their jobs have to consider received prices to select the most appropriate bids, while users who are interested in improving the job average satisfaction rate have to consider either received completion time or both price and completion time to select the most suitable bids when the submission of jobs is static. The best broker strategy is the one that doesn't take into account meeting the job deadlines in the bids it sends to job owners. Finally, the resource strategy that considers the price to determine if to reply to a request or not is superior to other resource strategies. The only exception is employing this strategy with price that is too low. However, there is a tiny difference between the performances of different user strategies in dynamic submission. It is also concluded from the evaluation that broker strategies have the best performance when the revenue they target from the users is reasonable. Thus, the broker's aim has to be receiving reasonable revenue (neither too low nor too high) from acting on behalf of users. It is observed from the results that the strategy performance is influenced by the behaviour of other entities such as the submission time of user jobs. Finally, it is observed that the characteristics of entities have an effect on the performance of strategies. For example, the two user strategies that consider the received completion time and both price and completion time to determine if to accept a broker bid have similar performance, because of the existence of resources with various prices from cheap to expensive and existence of resources which don't care about the price paid for the execution. So, the price threshold doesn't have a large effect on the performance.
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Fitzer, A. M. "Tender scenes, or, The sly rake in petticoats." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636976.
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My thesis considers the way in which the liminal female libertine or rake interrogates and actively disrupts narrative and tender scenes of literature of the mid-to-late eighteenth century. I argue that by unmasking the volatility of tenderness this metaphorically cross-dressed figure negotiates a further exploration of female possibilities, and of representative discourses in the eighteenth-century 'sentimental' romance and novel of sensibility. My consideration of the female rake's evolution as something other than the moral redundant character featured in early eighteenth-century romantic fiction begins with a detailed discussion of Fielding's Amelia. In Chapter one I suggest it is possible to explore a relationship between the obscured vitality of the tender scene and the actual dynamic potential of the relationship between articulations of tenderness, and between the idealised, virtuous heroine and her ostensibly bi-polarised Other. I prove that the very fine line which divides the ethereal object of her affection from her eroticised opposite in fact contravenes other attempts to underline hegemonic discourse in the novel. The subordination of female authority is challenged. My analysis extends from the murky vitality of Fielding's Newsgate scenes to the works of female authors and dramatists of the 1760s. My discussion of Frances Sheridan's Memoirs of Miss Sidney Bidulph in Chapter Two incorporates a study of Oliver Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield. In my third chapter, I consider three novels by Frances Brooke which register the ambivalence of female sensibility and the associated shift in representative terms. I continue my analysis of narrative dissipation with a consideration of the sentimental travelogue and exotic, or oriental, tale. In these novels the female rake emerges as an agent, rather than as a displacement, of the potentially disruptive energies which are also registered in the novels of Sterne and Mackenzie. An analysis of their 'sentimental' narratives concludes my study of the way in which the rake illuminates the contradictions evident in representative discourses of feeling, passion, and desire. By incorporating a study of works by lesser known writers of the 1750s and 1760s, both male and female, I demonstrate that those fissures which appear in the narratives of respected authors can be discerned in a number of novels in this period - novels which celebrate the female libertine's dynamic textual revolution.
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Choi, Luen-yan, and 蔡鸞恩. "Tenant mix planning in Hong Kong shopping centres." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194919.
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The successful factors of a shopping centre include the location, accessibility, design layout, tenant mix, internal environment and design, facilities provision. Many scholars argue on the successful factors of a shopping centre which are either the location or the tenant mix. According to Abratt et al. (1985), he mentioned the tenant mix was the most important determinant affecting the shopping centres.
Once the shopping arcade is strategically positioned in a prominent location with frequent contacts to shoppers and the public, tenant mix will become the next most critical factor to the success of the shopping centres. Since Hong Kong has a comprehensive and convenient transportation network, it reduces the significance of location for a successful shopping centre.
The purpose of this thesis is to focus on the importance of tenant mix and determinants of tenant mix in retail property management in Hong Kong shopping centre. The objective of this paper accounts for (1) the significance of tenant mix and (2) the most critical determinants of trade mix and (3) making suggestions for retail property management.
There is a case study conducted in Mira Mall. It mainly focus on several theories related to tenant mix planning. They included (1) Central Place Theory, (2) Retailer Agglomeration, (3) Store Choice Model, (4) Retail Demand Externalities and (5) Bid- Rent Theory. Literature review, interview with leasing manager and survey questionnaire are under studied in order to get the result. The sample for this study is taken in form of simple random sampling. Interviewees were drawn from the shoppers in Mira Mall. Their opinions would be summarized for the analysis of a well-balanced tenant mix.
The research result showed that a well-planned tenant mix is necessary and it can provide positive effects. It firstly identifies most of the customers’ needs for the area in forming the tenant mix. Anchor tenants are the most critical determinants which affected the patronage and choice of the shopping centre. It helps to generate positive retail demand externalities and differentiation. Secondly, tenant selection of other tenants to match with the anchor tenants is essential. In tenant placement strategy, landlord is suggested to use the strategy of homogenous agglomeration. Stores should avoid vicious competition, they should treat them as synergy effect among the trade area.
Meanwhile in order to adapt to the changing environment and survive in the market, frequent reviews of the existing tenant mix is important. This act could help the centre to keep competitive power among the competitors nearby. Once the strategy is successful, they will have a great return and benefits including the reinforcement in promoting the corporate image and goodwill for both the developers and the tenants. This creates a win-win situation.published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management
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Zhao, Ying. "Organisational culture : a comparison of Naspers and Tencent." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/22018.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisational culture has become a popular topic since more and more companies have joined the competition of world economy in the information era. It has also become an important method to support a company’s strategy. Products such as “hardware” no longer provide the main focus when companies strive to gain their markets. It has become accepted that culture, which plays a role as part of the company’s “software”, functions equally well as, and sometimes even more efficiently than products. The aim of this research study was to apply the theory to practice by answering the question: In the real organisation’s operation, which cultural attributes embody the value layer of organisational culture? This research study focuses primarily on Schein’s model of organisational culture. This model is applied to the case studies of Naspers’ culture and of Tencent’s culture. The result of the application of Schein’s model to these two companies leads to a comparison of their organisational culture. In the end, my own analysis is discussed based on the comparison. From this part, innovation, risk taking, attention to detail, outcome orientation, people orientation, team orientation, customer orientation, aggressiveness, stability and easy-goingness are shown to be the cultural attributes that embody values in a real organisation’s operation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Organisasiekultuur het ‘n populêre onderwerp geword sedert al meer maatskappye deel geword het van die mededinging van die wêreldekonomie in die inligtingstydvak. Dit het ook ‘n belangrike metode geword om ‘n maatskappy se strategie te ondersteun. Produkte soos “hardeware” verskaf nie meer die hooffokus wanneer maatskappye daarna streef om hulle markte te bekom nie. Dit word nou aanvaar dat kultuur, wat ‘n rol speel as deel van die maatskappy se “sagteware”, ewe goed as produkte funksioneer, en soms selfs meer doeltreffend. Die mikpunt van hierdie navorsingstudie was om teorie op die praktyk toe te pas deur die volgende vraag te beantwoord: Watter kulturele attribute beliggaam die waardelaag van organisasiekultuur in die werking van die ware organisasie? Hierdie navorsingstudie fokus primêr op Schein se model van organisasiekultuur. Hierdie model word toegepas op gevallestudies van die kultuur van Naspers en Tencent. Die resultaat van die toepassing van Schein se model op hierdie twee maatskappye lei tot ‘n vergelyking van hulle organisasiekultuur. Ten slotte word my eie analise bespreek, gebaseer op die vergelyking. In hierdie deel word aangetoon dat innovasie, die neem van risiko’s, aandag aan detail, resultaat-georiënteerdheid, mens-georiënteerdheid, span-oriëntasie, kliënt-oriëntasie, aggressiwiteit, stabiliteit en onbesorgdheid die kulturele attribute is wat die waardes in ‘n ware organisasie se werking beliggaam.
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Akintoye, Sunday Akintola. "Construction tender price index : modelling and forecasting trends." Thesis, University of Salford, 1991. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14768/.
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The thesis considers the construction tender price index, an important area of construction economics, and models are developed to fit the trends in this index. Between 1980 and 1987, the UK Building Cost Index produced by the Building Cost Information Service increased at an annual rate of 6.3% compared with Tender Price Index 3.3% and Retail Price Index at 6.7% per annum. This significant disparity between Tender Price and Building Cost Index is unexpected in view of the attributed importance of input prices in the tender price formation. This suggests that other factors apart from input prices may be responsible for the trends in building prices generally. The thesis reviews the pricing strategies of construction contractors leading to the conclusion that macroeconomic factors are equally important. A univariate analysis of 24 potential indicators of tender price trends identified some variables of importance. An analysis is described of these variables using the OLS system of regression analysis. Single structural equation model of construction tender price level is developed which offer structural explanation of the movements in the index. Indicators of construction price (in real terms) produced by the structural equation were found to be unemployment level, real interest rate, manufacturing profitability, number of registered construction firms, oil crisis, building cost index, construction productivity and construction work stoppages. A Reduced-form model of construction price is developed that utilises simultaneous equation models comprising construction demand, supply and equilibrium models - the reduced-form models being generally regarded as having better predictive power than structural equations. The model is validated by comparing its accuracy with forecasts produced by two leading organisations in U.K. The out-of-sample forecast errors of the reduced-form model are 2.78, 3.58, 4.28 and 5.59 RMSE percent over 0, 1, 2 and 3 quarter forecast horizons respectively, which are better than the Building Cost Information Service (3.32, 5.29, 7.57 and 9.96 RMSE percent) and Davis, Langdon and Everest (3.21, 5.01, 7.16 and 10.41 RMSE percent).
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Pajon, Patrick. "La Micro-informatique tentée par le modèle éditorial." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595047x.
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Smith, Jared Steven. "Tenant-in-common capital in value added transactions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33192.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2005.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-68).
Billions of dollars of equity is flowing into the emerging tenant-in-common (TIC) market, forcing demand for such investments to outweigh the current supply of TIC offerings. Investors seeking deferral of capital gains are enticed by the flexibility of passive ownership, the access to institutional quality assets, and the comfort of professional third-party management. In attempt to tap into this growing source of equity, a feasibility study was conducted to determine whether TIC capital could finance development and/or redevelopment (value added) transactions that are initially non- or low-income producing assets. Tenant-in-common investments, regulated by various IRS guidelines and potentially security laws, are very complex. If structured incorrectly, a TIC investment could lose its tax deferral status and could even open the door to security law violations. Therefore, a thorough review of the industry is prerequisite to introducing such capital into riskier value added transactions. No organization has ventured to use TIC capital in value added deals. If a legal structure is determined to appease all regulations and still offer a marketable return to investors, then it is a win-win scenario; TIC investors gain access to higher yielding assets and developers gain access to a valuable new source of capital.
(cont.) TIC investors have historically been relatively risk-averse. However, it is believed that a certain segment of TIC investors would react favorably to value added deals and allocate a portion of their investment to higher risk-adjusted returns. After a thorough analysis, five types of hypothetical transactions were formulated with structures that legally fulfill all requirements while still offering a competitive yield to investors, granting evidence that it is feasible to finance value added transactions with tenant-in-common capital.
by Jared Steven Smith.
S.M.
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Doelger, Matthew M. (Matthew Milbank) 1975. "Declining tenant diversity in retail malls, 1970-2000." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32224.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-46).
A study of tenant diversity in retail malls was carried out to determine if tenant diversity declined between 1970 and 2000. The study measured tenant diversity by examining the percent of tenants that occur more than once in a given set of sample malls where each occupant of a single mall space counts as a single tenant. The study examined three sets of malls: a five-mall set of malls located in Massachusetts, a five-mall set of nationally distributed malls owned by different/separate owners, and a five-mall set of malls owned by the largest owner of retail malls, Simon Property Group. The study first examined tenant similarity within each of the five-mall sets in 1970 and then examined the degree of tenant similarity in the exact same sets of malls in 2000. A metric created for the purpose of this study and described as the "Commonality Factor" was used to determine the degree of tenant diversity in each set of malls at each of the two time periods. The conclusion reached in each set of sample data is that tenant diversity declined between 1970 and 2000. The study also examines the reasons for the decline in tenant diversity and the motivations of mall landlords to increase tenant diversity in order to conclude that though there are many explanations for the decline in tenant diversity, there is value for mall landlords in having tenant lists that are to some degree unique.
by Matthew M. Doelger.
S.M.
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Googer, Georgia. "The Radical Ekphrasis Of Gertrude Stein's Tender Buttons." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/889.
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This thesis offers a reading of Gertrude Stein’s 1914 prose poetry collection, Tender Buttons, as a radical experiment in ekphrasis. A project that began with an examination of the avant-garde imagism movement in the early twentieth century, this thesis notes how Stein’s work differs from her imagist contemporaries through an exploration of material spaces and objects as immersive sensory experiences. This thesis draws on late twentieth century attempts to understand and define ekphrastic poetry before turning to Tender Buttons. Although the question of categorizing Tender Buttons has been an issue since its original publications, few have noted its essentially ekphrastic nature. Doing so, I argue ekphrasis helps to account for the way Stein’s poetry interacts with spatiality and temporality, illustrates sensory experiences, and plays with the multiplicity of language while also provoking readers to re-interpret their own experiences.
My work with Tender Buttons seeks to extend the theoretical conversation. Applying a categorical term like ekphrasis to Stein’s work forces readers to interact with the descriptions in the text, in conjunction with their own experiences, in a way that elevates the objects rendered to pieces of art. Via an analysis of spatiality/temporality, invocations of the senses, and the plurality of diction in every poem, the reader can experience Tender Buttons through a unique and individualized approach that openly invites her to ask questions about Stein’s world and her own material surrounds. Essentially, I offer a reading of Tender Buttons as a collection that fastens materiality with language, asking anyone who interacts with the text to ask questions about the boundaries between verbal and visual material.